Photocatalytic recuperator for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously and a method thereof

Abstract

Disclosed is a photocatalytic recuperator for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously, comprising an air inlet and air outlet; a fan ventilator and a filter module comprising particulate matter filter(s); a sensor module comprising sensor(s); an air purifying and heat exchanging module(s) comprising photocatalytic heat exchanging element(s), wherein a side(s) of photocatalytic heat exchanging element(s) is coated with layer(s) of photocatalytic nanoparticles, and corresponding Light Emitting Diode (LED) elements configured to emit Ultraviolet A (UVA) light on the layer(s) of photocatalytic nanoparticles, wherein corresponding LED elements are equipped with LEDs arranged concentrically around one centrally placed LED and mounted on side(s) of support in corresponding LED elements, and wherein LEDs are secured with glass lenses, resistant to UVA light; a control unit comprising implemented time-based algorithm configured to regulate airflow, wherein the control unit is configured to control the corresponding LED elements; and a front panel comprising an air shutter and a front panel cover.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a photocatalytic recuperator for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously. Moreover, the present disclosure relates to a method for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously in photocatalytic recuperators. Furthermore, the present disclosure relates to a use of air purifying and heat exchanging modules in combined heat exchanging and air purifying devices.BACKGROUND

[0002] In closed environments (such as apartments, commercial complexes, residential buildings, and the like), indoor air quality (IAQ) is a significant concern, where closed environments require a continuous supply of fresh air and the removal of used air to maintain a healthy living environment. Traditional solutions, such as centralised mechanical ventilation systems with heat recovery, are rarely implemented due to high costs and concerns regarding the hygiene of air ducts in the centralised mechanical ventilation systems.

[0003] Moreover, decentralised ventilation systems, such as in-wall air heat exchangers rely on filtration methods that suffer from high pressure loss, noise, and inefficiency in removing gaseous pollutants. Additionally, the installation of centralised air heat exchangers in each apartment results in space loss and increased noise levels. Furthermore, the existing solutions of gravity ventilation systems introduce street noise into the closed environments, compromising comfort of occupants in the closed environments. Furthermore, the existing solutions are not capable of analysing their working conditions and adjusting their operation accordingly. Furthermore, the existing solutions fail to provide a way to connect with smart home systems. Furthermore, ceramic heat exchangers in the existing solution also suffer from growth of moulds and other pathogens, which hinder the air quality.

[0004] Therefore, in light of the foregoing discussion, there exists a need to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.SUMMARY

[0005] The aim of the present disclosure is to provide a photocatalytic recuperator and a method to effectively exchange heat and purify air simultaneously. The aim of the present disclosure is achieved by a photocatalytic recuperator and a method for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously as defined in the appended independent claims to which reference is made. Advantageous features are set out in the appended dependent claims.

[0006] Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words "comprise", "include", "have", and "contain" and variations of these words, for example, "comprising" and "comprises", mean "including but not limited to", and do not exclude other components, items, integers or steps not explicitly disclosed also to be present. Moreover, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context requires otherwise. In particular, where the indefinite article is used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of a photocatalytic recuperator for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a front view of at least two corresponding LED elements, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and FIG. 3 is an illustration of a flowchart depicting steps of a method for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0008] The following detailed description illustrates embodiments of the present disclosure and ways in which they can be implemented. Although some modes of carrying out the present disclosure have been disclosed, those skilled in the art would recognise that other embodiments for carrying out or practising the present disclosure are also possible.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a photocatalytic recuperator for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously, comprising: an air inlet and an air outlet; a fan ventilator and filter module comprising at least one particulate matter filter; a sensor module comprising at least one sensor; at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module comprising: at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element made of a material of conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K), wherein at least one side of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is coated with at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles, and at least two corresponding Light Emitting Diode (LED) elements configured to emit Ultraviolet A (UVA) light on the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles, wherein the at least two corresponding LED elements is equipped with a plurality of LEDs arranged concentrically around one centrally placed LED and mounted on at least one side of a support, and wherein the LEDs are secured with glass lenses, resistant to UVA light; a control unit comprising an implemented time-based algorithm configured to regulate airflow through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module, wherein the control unit is configured to control the at least two corresponding LED elements; and a front panel comprising an air shutter and a front panel cover.

[0010] The present disclosure provides the aforementioned photocatalytic recuperator that combines the processes of the heat recovery and the photocatalytic air purification in a single device. Moreover, the photocatalytic recuperator is easy to repair, clean and replace. Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator is cost-effective, easy to install, requires less installation space, and has a significant lifespan. Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator requires little energy to maintain ventilation of clean air inside closed environments. Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator is suitable to be integrated with mobile applications and smart home systems. Furthermore, a modular structure of the photocatalytic recuperator enables the photocatalytic recuperator to be connected to other components in a ventilation system.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously in a photocatalytic recuperator, wherein the method comprises: receiving air in the photocatalytic recuperator through an air inlet; filtering the air in a fan ventilator and a filter module comprising at least one particulate matter filter; sensing parameters associated with air purification and heat exchange process within the photocatalytic recuperator, via a sensor module; purifying air and exchanging heat from the air in the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element in an air purifying and heat exchanging module, wherein the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is made of a material of conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K), and wherein at least one side of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is coated with at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles, wherein the air is purified and heat is exchanged from the air by: emitting Ultraviolet A (UVA) light on the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles using at least two corresponding LED elements, wherein the at least two corresponding Light Emitting Diode (LED) elements are equipped with a plurality of LEDs arranged concentrically around one centrally placed LED and mounted on at least one side of a support, and wherein the LEDs are secured with glass lenses, resistant to the UVA light; regulating airflow through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module using an implemented time-based algorithm in a control unit; and controlling the at least two corresponding LED elements using the control unit.

[0012] The present disclosure provides the aforementioned method that combines the processes of the heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification in a single device. Moreover, the method requires little energy intake to maintain ventilation of clean air inside closed environments. Furthermore, the method provides a suitable way for the photocatalytic recuperator to be integrated with mobile applications and smart home systems.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a use of the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module of the first aspect in a combined heat exchanging and air purifying device.

[0014] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "heat recovery" refers to a process of capturing and reusing heat from the air present in an external environment (for example a residence, a commercial complex, a room, and the like). Throughout the present disclosure, the term "photocatalytic air purification" refers to a process of purifying the air using photocatalysis. Notably, combining the heat recovery and the photocatalytic air purification simultaneously implies that the air from which the heat is captured for the heat recovery, is also purified parallelly at the same instant of time.

[0015] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "air inlet" refers to a hollow passage that provides a way for an entry of the air into the photocatalytic recuperator. Optionally, the air inlet is in the form of a flat shape. Notably, the shape of a cross-section of the air inlet is in the form of a polygon (for example, a circle, a rectangle, and the like). Throughout the present disclosure, the term "air outlet" refers to a hollow passage that provides a way for an exit of the air from the photocatalytic recuperator after the heat recovery and the photocatalytic air purification. Optionally, the air outlet is in the form of a flat shape. Notably, the shape of a cross-section of the air outlet is in the form of a polygon (for example, a circle, a rectangle, and the like). It will be appreciated that the shape of the air inlet and the air outlet is designed to enhance distribution of the air. Moreover, the shape of the air inlet and the air outlet enables it to protect the photocatalytic recuperator from wind, snow, rain and any other environmental factors. Optionally, the air outlet is surrounded by a hood, and moreover, a facade gasket and an anti-bug net are preferably arranged on the air outlet.

[0016] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "fan ventilator" refers to a type of a fan that enables the movement of the air that enters the photocatalytic recuperator, within the photocatalytic recuperator. Notably, the fan ventilator enables to draw out the air from the external environment which enters the photocatalytic recuperator through the air inlet, to circulate the air within the photocatalytic recuperator for the heat exchange and the photocatalytic air purification to take place, and subsequently, to expel the air back into the external environment through the air outlet. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "filter module" refers to a section of the photocatalytic recuperator where the air is filtered out from the presence of unwanted particles or matter in the air. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "particulate matter filter" refers to a component that filters the air from the unwanted particles or matter as it passes therethrough. It will be appreciated that the "at least one particulate matter filter" refers to "one particulate matter filter" in some implementations, and "a plurality of particulate matter filters" in other implementations. Notably, each of the at least one particulate matter filter is used to filter the air for a different type of particles or matter.

[0017] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "sensor module" refers to that section of the photocatalytic recuperator where the at least one sensor is arranged in the photocatalytic recuperator. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "sensor" refers to a device that senses data related to parameters associated with air purification and heat exchange process (for example, temperature, humidity, pressure, presence of organic particles, amount of CO 2 in the air). It will be appreciated that the "at least one sensor module" refers to "one sensor" in some implementations, and "a plurality of sensor modules" in other implementations. Optionally, each of the at least one sensor is used to sense the data related to a different parameter associated with the air purification and heat exchange process. Optionally, the at least one sensor is any one of: a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, a VOC sensor, and the like. Optionally, the at least one sensor is located outside the recuperator and is connected to the main recuperator body by wire or wireless, and the said at least one sensor is an open / closed window sensor. The said at least one open / closed window sensor communicates with control unit and the control unit turns the recuperator to an off position when an open window is detected.

[0018] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "air purifying and heat exchanging module" refers to that section of the photocatalytic recuperator where the air purification and heat exchange process in the air takes place. Notably, the air that enters the photocatalytic recuperator through the air inlet is circulated to the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module via the fan ventilator. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "photocatalytic heat exchanging element" refers to a specific component having photocatalytic properties that exchanges heat present in the air with another fluid flowing in the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module, which enables the heat recovery from the air. It will be appreciated that the "at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element" refers to "one photocatalytic heat exchanging element" in some implementations, and "a plurality of photocatalytic heat exchanging elements" in other implementations. Optionally, the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is made from ceramic material (for example, Al 2 O 3 ). Throughout the present disclosure, the term "conductivity coefficient" refers to an ability of the material to conduct heat. Notably, the conductivity coefficient of the material being in a range from 25 to 200 Watts per Metre-Kelvin (W / (m*K)) implies that the ability of the material to conduct heat is sufficient enough for the material to be used as the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element. It will be appreciated that the conductivity coefficient of the material is in the range of 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 W / (m*K) up to 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200 W / (m*K).

[0019] Optionally, the material of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is selected from at least one of: transition metals, transition metal oxides, alloys. In this regard, the transition metals, the transition metal oxides, and the alloys are well-known in the art. For example, the material of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is selected from at least one of: copper, aluminium, stainless steel, titanium, brass, and the like. A technical effect of the material being selected from the at least one of: the transition metals, the transition metal oxides, the alloys is that the transition metals, the transition metal oxides, and the alloys are easily available and cost effective, while having high heat conductivity.

[0020] Optionally, the amount of the material of the conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K) in the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is at least 80% weight / weight (w / w) of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element. In this regard, the amount of the material of the conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K) that is used to make the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element, in terms of weight is equal to at least 80% weight of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element. For example, if the weight of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is 1 kilogram (kg), then the amount of the material is at least 80% w / w, which is equal to at least 0.8 kg. A technical effect is that a suitable amount of the material of the conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K) is present in the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element to ensure optimal absorption of the heat by the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element.

[0021] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles" refers to a layer of nanoparticles that exhibit photocatalytic properties. Optionally, the photocatalytic nanoparticles are selected from: titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ), and the like. It will be appreciated that the "at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles" refers to "one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles" in some implementations, and "a plurality of layers of photocatalytic nanoparticles" in other implementations. Notably, the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element being coated with the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles enables the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element to exhibit photocatalytic properties when the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles coated on the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is illuminated by the Ultraviolet A (UVA) light. Optionally, the at least one layer of photocatalytic recuperators is coated on the at least one heat exchanging element using chemical or electrochemical methods.

[0022] Optionally, the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles has a thickness between 50 nm and 7 µm. In this regard, the thickness indicates a width of the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles. Optionally, the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles has a thickness in a range from 50, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000 nm up to 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 nm. A technical effect of the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles having a thickness between 50 nm and 7 µm is that the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles is thin enough to be easily coated over a large surface area of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element.

[0023] Optionally, the photocatalytic nanoparticles are in the form of spherical nanoparticles of a diameter between 50 and 100 nm. In this regard, the photocatalytic nanoparticles being in the form of the spherical nanoparticles implies that the shape of the photocatalytic nanoparticles is spherical. Optionally, the diameter of the spherical nanoparticles is in a range from 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 nm up to 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 nm. Notably, the photocatalytic nanoparticles being in the form of spherical nanoparticles enables the photocatalytic nanoparticles to be arranged in the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles in a uniform and symmetrical manner. A technical effect of the photocatalytic nanoparticles being in the form of spherical nanoparticles is that the maximum surface of the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles is utilised for containing as many photocatalytic nanoparticles as possible.

[0024] Alternatively, the photocatalytic nanoparticles are in the form of nanotubes of a diameter between 10 and 120 nm and length between 1 and 7 µm. In this regard, the photocatalytic nanoparticles being in the form of nanotubes implies that the shape of the photocatalytic nanoparticles is an elongated cylindrical form. Optionally, the diameter of the nanotubes is in a range of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 nm up to 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 nm. Optionally, the length of the nanotubes is in a range of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 µm up to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 µm. A technical effect of the photocatalytic nanoparticles being in the form of the nanotubes is that the photocatalytic nanoparticles possess a higher thermal conductivity, and mechanical and chemical stability by being in the form of nanotubes.

[0025] Optionally, the photocatalytic nanoparticles have surface defects being oxygen vacancies in an amount of 0.1 to 10% at. In this regard, the term "surface defects" refers to irregularities, imperfections, or discontinuities that are present on a surface of the photocatalytic nanoparticles. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "oxygen vacancies" refers to the surface defects in which oxygen atoms are missing from the crystal lattices of the photocatalytic nanoparticles. Notably, the presence of the oxygen vacancies in the photocatalytic nanoparticles affects the stability and reactivity of the nanoparticles. It will be appreciated that the surface defects in the photocatalytic nanoparticles being the oxygen vacancies enable the oxygen vacancies to act as potential sites for the photocatalysis of the photocatalytic nanoparticles to occur. Optionally, the amount of the oxygen vacancies in the photocatalytic nanoparticles is in a range of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 at up to 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 at. A technical effect is that the photocatalytic properties of the photocatalytic nanoparticles are significantly enhanced.

[0026] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "corresponding Light Emitting Diode (LED) elements" refers to LED elements that are used to emit the UVA light on the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles, which causes the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles to undergo photocatalysis. It will be appreciated that the "at least two corresponding LED elements" refers to "two corresponding LED elements" in some implementations and "a plurality of corresponding LED elements" in other implementations. Optionally, for each layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles amongst the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles, two separate corresponding LED elements amongst the at least two corresponding LED elements are configured to emit the UVA light thereon. Subsequently, the photocatalysis of the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles produces hydroxyl ions (OH -< ) that oxidise and degrade organic pollutants, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), bacteria, viruses, and the like, thus, purifying the air simultaneous to the heat recovery from the air. Optionally, radiation intensity of the UVA light is in a range of 15 to 25 milliwatts per square centimetre (mW / cm 2< ). Optionally, the wavelength of the UVA light is in a range of 340 to 390 nm. Notably, the plurality of LEDs in the at least two corresponding LED elements are the components from which the UVA light is emitted. It will be appreciated that the plurality of LEDs being arranged concentrically around the one centrally placed LED and being mounted on the at least one side of the support implies that the at least two corresponding LED elements are positioned in the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module such that the UVA light is uniformly emitted from the at least two corresponding LED elements on the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles. The support is in a circular shape which enables the UVA light to be emitted in a uniform manner. Moreover, the LEDs being secured with the glass lenses implies that the LEDs are covered by the glass lenses which prevents the LEDs from any external damage and also the glass lenses are resistant to degradation caused by the UVA.

[0027] Optionally, the at least two corresponding LED elements are of a circular shape. In this regard, the at least two corresponding LED elements being of the circular shape enables the at least two corresponding LED elements to emit the UVA light uniformly on the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles providing an even light distribution and reaction on the layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles.

[0028] Optionally, the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is a roller with two bases, wherein the two bases are the support for the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles and wherein at least one base is directly exposed to the UVA light emitted by at least one LED element. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "roller" refers to a shape resembling an elongated body with polygonal cross-section. Notably, the two bases are located at two opposite ends of the roller. It will be appreciated that the two bases being the support for the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles implies that the two bases provide the surface for the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles to be coated on. Subsequently, the at least one base being directly exposed to the UVA light emitted by at least one LED element enables the UVA light to be incident on the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles.

[0029] Optionally, the roller comprises a system of tubules, wherein cross-sectional area of a tubule is in a range of 4 to 20 mm 2< and the ratio of the diameter of the tubule to a length of the tubule is in a range of 1:25 to 1:40. In this regard, the term "tubules" refers to components that constitute the roller which are in the shape of an elongate body with polygonal cross-section. Optionally, a number of angles in the polygonal cross-section is in a range from 4 up to 10. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "cross-sectional area" refers to an area of the polygonal cross-section of the tubule. Optionally, the cross-sectional area of the tubule is in the range from 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 mm 2< up to 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 mm 2< . Optionally, the ratio of the diameter of the tubule to the length of the tubule is in the range from 1:25, 1:30, 1:35 up to 1:30, 1:35, 1:40.

[0030] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "control unit" refers to a computing unit having processing abilities used to control a functioning and operation of the at least two corresponding LED elements. It will be appreciated that the control unit controls the at least two corresponding LED elements based on the sensed data of the at least one sensor, and subsequently, operate the at least two corresponding LED elements at an optimum efficiency. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "implemented time-based algorithm" refers to an algorithm that controls and regulates the airflow (i.e., a rate of flow of the air) through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module, based on time. Optionally, the speed of the airflow through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module is less than 2 metres / second (m / s), and preferably, less than 1 m / s.

[0031] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "front panel" refers to a surface at one end of the photocatalytic recuperator that acts as a front view of the photocatalytic recuperator. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "air shutter" refers to a component in the front panel that regulates the amount of air entering and exiting the photocatalytic recuperator. Optionally, the air shutter comprises a plurality of openings (for example, holes) to allow the air to enter and exit the photocatalytic recuperator. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "front panel cover" refers to a component that surrounds and covers the front panel.

[0032] The present disclosure also relates to the method as described above. Various embodiments and variants disclosed above, with respect to the aforementioned photocatalytic recuperator, apply mutatis mutandis to the method.

[0033] Optionally, the photocatalytic nanoparticles are selected from at least one of: TiO 2 , WO 3 , ZnO, SrTiOs, C 3 N 4 . It will be appreciated that the use of the at least one of: TiO 2 , WO 3 , ZnO, SrTiOs, C 3 N 4 is well-known in the art. A technical effect of the photocatalytic nanoparticles being selected from the at least one of: TiO 2 , WO 3 , ZnO, SrTiO 3 is that the photocatalytic nanoparticles are cost-effective and easily available.

[0034] Optionally, the UVA light is emitted on the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles during an inflow of the air into the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element. Notably, the UVA light being emitted on the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles during the inflow of the air into the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element causes the photocatalysis of the photocatalytic nanoparticles to happen simultaneously when the air passes through the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element. It will be appreciated that the support in the at least two corresponding LED elements starts to rotate with the inflow of the air, which causes a detection of the inflow of the air by the at least one sensor, and subsequently, the UVA light is emitted. A technical effect is that the air purification happens simultaneously with the heat exchange from the air, due to the UVA light being emitted on the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles during the inflow of the air into the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element.

[0035] The present disclosure also relates to the use as described above. Various embodiments and variants disclosed above, with respect to the aforementioned photocatalytic recuperator and the aforementioned method, apply mutatis mutandis to the use.

[0036] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "combined heat exchanging and air purifying device" refers to a single device in which both the processes of photocatalytic air purification and heat exchanging with the air take place combined without any need for separate devices. Subsequently, the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module is suitable for use in the combined heat exchanging and air purifying device as the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module combines the photocatalytic air purification and heat exchanging with the air simultaneously.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Referring to FIG. 1, illustrated is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of a photocatalytic recuperator 100 for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 comprises an air inlet (not shown) and an air outlet (not shown). Moreover, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 comprises a fan ventilator 102 and a filter module 104 comprising at least one particulate matter filter (not shown). Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 comprises a sensor module (not shown) comprising at least one sensor (not shown). Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 comprises at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module (not shown) comprising at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element (depicted as a photocatalytic heat exchanging element 106) made of a material of conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K), wherein at least one side of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element 106 is coated with at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles (not shown), and at least two corresponding Light Emitting Diode (LED) elements (depicted as a first corresponding LED element 108A and a second corresponding LED element 108B) configured to emit Ultraviolet A (UVA) light on the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles, wherein the at least two corresponding LED elements 108A-B are equipped with a plurality of LEDs (depicted as a first LED 110A and a second LED 110B) arranged concentrically around one centrally placed LED (not shown) and mounted on at least one side of a support (not shown) in the at least two corresponding LED elements 108A-B, and wherein the LEDs 110A-B are secured with glass lenses (not shown), resistant to the UVA light. Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 comprises a control unit (not shown) comprising an implemented time-based algorithm (not shown) configured to regulate airflow through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module, wherein the control unit is configured to control the at least two corresponding LED elements 108A-B. Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 comprises a front panel 112 comprising an air shutter (not shown) and a front panel cover 114. Optionally, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 further comprises a G4 filter 116, a hood 118, a facade gasket 120, and an anti-bug net 122.

[0038] FIG. 1 is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims herein. It is to be understood that the specific implementations of the photocatalytic recuperator 100 are provided as examples and are not to be construed as limiting it to specific numbers, sizes, or shapes of the fan ventilator 102, the filter module 104, at least one heat exchanging element 106, at least two corresponding LED elements 108A-B, the plurality of LEDs 110A-B, the front panel 112, the front panel cover 114, the G4 filter 116, the hood 118, the facade gasket 120, and the anti-bug net 122 and similar. A person skilled in the art will recognise many variations, alternatives, and modifications of embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 2, illustrated is a schematic illustration of a front view of at least two corresponding LED elements (depicted as a corresponding LED element 200), in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the at least two corresponding LED elements 200 are equipped with a plurality of LEDs (depicted as a first LED 202A, a second LED 202B, and a third LED 202C) arranged concentrically around one centrally placed LED (for example, 202C) and mounted on at least one side of a support 204 in the at least two corresponding LED elements 200, and wherein the LEDs 202A-C are secured with glass lenses (depicted as a first glass lens 206A, a second glass lens 206B, and a third glass lens 206C), resistant to the UVA light.

[0040] FIG. 2 is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims herein. It is to be understood that the specific implementations of the at least two corresponding LED elements 200 are provided as examples and are not to be construed as limiting it to specific numbers, sizes, or shapes of the plurality of LEDs 202A-C, the support 204, the glass lenses 206A-C, and similar. A person skilled in the art will recognise many variations, alternatives, and modifications of embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0041] Referring to FIG. 3, illustrated is a flowchart depicting steps of a method for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously in a photocatalytic recuperator. At step 302, air is received in the photocatalytic recuperator through an air inlet. At step 304, the air is filtered in a fan ventilator and a filter module comprising at least one particulate matter filter. At step 306, parameters associated with air purification and heat exchange process are sensed within the photocatalytic recuperator, via a sensor module. At step 308, air is purified and heat is exchanged from the air in at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element in an air purifying and heat exchanging module, wherein the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is made of a material of conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K), and wherein at least one side of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is coated with at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles, wherein the air is purified and heat is exchanged from the air by performing step 308A. At the step 308A, Ultraviolet A (UVA) light is emitted on the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles using at least two corresponding LED elements, wherein the at least two corresponding LED elements are equipped with a plurality of LEDs arranged concentrically around one centrally placed LED and mounted on at least one side of a support in the at least two corresponding LED elements, and wherein the LEDs are secured with glass lenses, resistant to the UVA light. At step 310, airflow is regulated through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module using an implemented time-based algorithm in a control unit. At step 312, the at least two corresponding LED elements are controlled using the control unit.

[0042] The aforementioned steps are only illustrative and other alternatives can also be provided where one or more steps are added, one or more steps are removed, or one or more steps are provided in a different sequence without departing from the scope of the claims herein.

[0043] Modifications to embodiments of the present disclosure described in the foregoing are possible without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the accompanying claims. Expressions such as "including", "comprising", "incorporating", "have", "is" used to describe and claim the present disclosure are intended to be construed in a non-exclusive manner, namely allowing for items, components or elements not explicitly described also to be present. Reference to the singular is also to be construed to relate to the plural.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0008]The following detailed description illustrates embodiments of the present disclosure and ways in which they can be implemented. Although some modes of carrying out the present disclosure have been disclosed, those skilled in the art would recognise that other embodiments for carrying out or practising the present disclosure are also possible.

[0009]In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a photocatalytic recuperator for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously, comprising:

an air inlet and an air outlet; a fan ventilator and filter module comprising at least one particulate matter filter; a sensor module comprising at least one sensor; at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module comprising: at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element made of a material of conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K), wherein at least one side of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is coated with at least one...

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a photocatalytic recuperator for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously. Moreover, the present disclosure relates to a method for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously in photocatalytic recuperators. Furthermore, the present disclosure relates to a use of air purifying and heat exchanging modules in combined heat exchanging and air purifying devices.BACKGROUND

[0002] In closed environments (such as apartments, commercial complexes, residential buildings, and the like), indoor air quality (IAQ) is a significant concern, where closed environments require a continuous supply of fresh air and the removal of used air to maintain a healthy living environment. Traditional solutions, such as centralised mechanical ventilation systems with heat recovery, are rarely implemented due to high costs and concerns regarding the hygiene of air ducts in the centralised mechanical ventilation systems.

[0003] Moreover, decentralised ventilation systems, such as in-wall air heat exchangers rely on filtration methods that suffer from high pressure loss, noise, and inefficiency in removing gaseous pollutants. Additionally, the installation of centralised air heat exchangers in each apartment results in space loss and increased noise levels. Furthermore, the existing solutions of gravity ventilation systems introduce street noise into the closed environments, compromising comfort of occupants in the closed environments. Furthermore, the existing solutions are not capable of analysing their working conditions and adjusting their operation accordingly. Furthermore, the existing solutions fail to provide a way to connect with smart home systems. Furthermore, ceramic heat exchangers in the existing solution also suffer from growth of moulds and other pathogens, which hinder the air quality.

[0004] Therefore, in light of the foregoing discussion, there exists a need to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.SUMMARY

[0005] The aim of the present disclosure is to provide a photocatalytic recuperator and a method to effectively exchange heat and purify air simultaneously. The aim of the present disclosure is achieved by a photocatalytic recuperator and a method for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously as defined in the appended independent claims to which reference is made. Advantageous features are set out in the appended dependent claims.

[0006] Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words "comprise", "include", "have", and "contain" and variations of these words, for example, "comprising" and "comprises", mean "including but not limited to", and do not exclude other components, items, integers or steps not explicitly disclosed also to be present. Moreover, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context requires otherwise. In particular, where the indefinite article is used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of a photocatalytic recuperator for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a front view of at least two corresponding LED elements, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and FIG. 3 is an illustration of a flowchart depicting steps of a method for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0008] The following detailed description illustrates embodiments of the present disclosure and ways in which they can be implemented. Although some modes of carrying out the present disclosure have been disclosed, those skilled in the art would recognise that other embodiments for carrying out or practising the present disclosure are also possible.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a photocatalytic recuperator for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously, comprising: an air inlet and an air outlet; a fan ventilator and filter module comprising at least one particulate matter filter; a sensor module comprising at least one sensor; at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module comprising: at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element made of a material of conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K), wherein at least one side of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is coated with at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles, and at least two corresponding Light Emitting Diode (LED) elements configured to emit Ultraviolet A (UVA) light on the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles, wherein the at least two corresponding LED elements is equipped with a plurality of LEDs arranged concentrically around one centrally placed LED and mounted on at least one side of a support, and wherein the LEDs are secured with glass lenses, resistant to UVA light; a control unit comprising an implemented time-based algorithm configured to regulate airflow through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module, wherein the control unit is configured to control the at least two corresponding LED elements; and a front panel comprising an air shutter and a front panel cover.

[0010] The present disclosure provides the aforementioned photocatalytic recuperator that combines the processes of the heat recovery and the photocatalytic air purification in a single device. Moreover, the photocatalytic recuperator is easy to repair, clean and replace. Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator is cost-effective, easy to install, requires less installation space, and has a significant lifespan. Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator requires little energy to maintain ventilation of clean air inside closed environments. Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator is suitable to be integrated with mobile applications and smart home systems. Furthermore, a modular structure of the photocatalytic recuperator enables the photocatalytic recuperator to be connected to other components in a ventilation system.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously in a photocatalytic recuperator, wherein the method comprises: receiving air in the photocatalytic recuperator through an air inlet; filtering the air in a fan ventilator and a filter module comprising at least one particulate matter filter; sensing parameters associated with air purification and heat exchange process within the photocatalytic recuperator, via a sensor module; purifying air and exchanging heat from the air in the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element in an air purifying and heat exchanging module, wherein the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is made of a material of conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K), and wherein at least one side of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is coated with at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles, wherein the air is purified and heat is exchanged from the air by: emitting Ultraviolet A (UVA) light on the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles using at least two corresponding LED elements, wherein the at least two corresponding Light Emitting Diode (LED) elements are equipped with a plurality of LEDs arranged concentrically around one centrally placed LED and mounted on at least one side of a support, and wherein the LEDs are secured with glass lenses, resistant to the UVA light; regulating airflow through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module using an implemented time-based algorithm in a control unit; and controlling the at least two corresponding LED elements using the control unit.

[0012] The present disclosure provides the aforementioned method that combines the processes of the heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification in a single device. Moreover, the method requires little energy intake to maintain ventilation of clean air inside closed environments. Furthermore, the method provides a suitable way for the photocatalytic recuperator to be integrated with mobile applications and smart home systems.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a use of the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module of the first aspect in a combined heat exchanging and air purifying device.

[0014] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "heat recovery" refers to a process of capturing and reusing heat from the air present in an external environment (for example a residence, a commercial complex, a room, and the like). Throughout the present disclosure, the term "photocatalytic air purification" refers to a process of purifying the air using photocatalysis. Notably, combining the heat recovery and the photocatalytic air purification simultaneously implies that the air from which the heat is captured for the heat recovery, is also purified parallelly at the same instant of time.

[0015] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "air inlet" refers to a hollow passage that provides a way for an entry of the air into the photocatalytic recuperator. Optionally, the air inlet is in the form of a flat shape. Notably, the shape of a cross-section of the air inlet is in the form of a polygon (for example, a circle, a rectangle, and the like). Throughout the present disclosure, the term "air outlet" refers to a hollow passage that provides a way for an exit of the air from the photocatalytic recuperator after the heat recovery and the photocatalytic air purification. Optionally, the air outlet is in the form of a flat shape. Notably, the shape of a cross-section of the air outlet is in the form of a polygon (for example, a circle, a rectangle, and the like). It will be appreciated that the shape of the air inlet and the air outlet is designed to enhance distribution of the air. Moreover, the shape of the air inlet and the air outlet enables it to protect the photocatalytic recuperator from wind, snow, rain and any other environmental factors. Optionally, the air outlet is surrounded by a hood, and moreover, a facade gasket and an anti-bug net are preferably arranged on the air outlet.

[0016] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "fan ventilator" refers to a type of a fan that enables the movement of the air that enters the photocatalytic recuperator, within the photocatalytic recuperator. Notably, the fan ventilator enables to draw out the air from the external environment which enters the photocatalytic recuperator through the air inlet, to circulate the air within the photocatalytic recuperator for the heat exchange and the photocatalytic air purification to take place, and subsequently, to expel the air back into the external environment through the air outlet. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "filter module" refers to a section of the photocatalytic recuperator where the air is filtered out from the presence of unwanted particles or matter in the air. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "particulate matter filter" refers to a component that filters the air from the unwanted particles or matter as it passes therethrough. It will be appreciated that the "at least one particulate matter filter" refers to "one particulate matter filter" in some implementations, and "a plurality of particulate matter filters" in other implementations. Notably, each of the at least one particulate matter filter is used to filter the air for a different type of particles or matter.

[0017] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "sensor module" refers to that section of the photocatalytic recuperator where the at least one sensor is arranged in the photocatalytic recuperator. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "sensor" refers to a device that senses data related to parameters associated with air purification and heat exchange process (for example, temperature, humidity, pressure, presence of organic particles, amount of CO 2 in the air). It will be appreciated that the "at least one sensor module" refers to "one sensor" in some implementations, and "a plurality of sensor modules" in other implementations. Optionally, each of the at least one sensor is used to sense the data related to a different parameter associated with the air purification and heat exchange process. Optionally, the at least one sensor is any one of: a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, a VOC sensor, and the like. Optionally, the at least one sensor is located outside the recuperator and is connected to the main recuperator body by wire or wireless, and the said at least one sensor is an open / closed window sensor. The said at least one open / closed window sensor communicates with control unit and the control unit turns the recuperator to an off position when an open window is detected.

[0018] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "air purifying and heat exchanging module" refers to that section of the photocatalytic recuperator where the air purification and heat exchange process in the air takes place. Notably, the air that enters the photocatalytic recuperator through the air inlet is circulated to the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module via the fan ventilator. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "photocatalytic heat exchanging element" refers to a specific component having photocatalytic properties that exchanges heat present in the air with another fluid flowing in the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module, which enables the heat recovery from the air. It will be appreciated that the "at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element" refers to "one photocatalytic heat exchanging element" in some implementations, and "a plurality of photocatalytic heat exchanging elements" in other implementations. Optionally, the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is made from ceramic material (for example, Al 2 O 3 ). Throughout the present disclosure, the term "conductivity coefficient" refers to an ability of the material to conduct heat. Notably, the conductivity coefficient of the material being in a range from 25 to 200 Watts per Metre-Kelvin (W / (m*K)) implies that the ability of the material to conduct heat is sufficient enough for the material to be used as the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element. It will be appreciated that the conductivity coefficient of the material is in the range of 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 W / (m*K) up to 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200 W / (m*K).

[0019] Optionally, the material of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is selected from at least one of: transition metals, transition metal oxides, alloys. In this regard, the transition metals, the transition metal oxides, and the alloys are well-known in the art. For example, the material of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is selected from at least one of: copper, aluminium, stainless steel, titanium, brass, and the like. A technical effect of the material being selected from the at least one of: the transition metals, the transition metal oxides, the alloys is that the transition metals, the transition metal oxides, and the alloys are easily available and cost effective, while having high heat conductivity.

[0020] Optionally, the amount of the material of the conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K) in the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is at least 80% weight / weight (w / w) of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element. In this regard, the amount of the material of the conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K) that is used to make the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element, in terms of weight is equal to at least 80% weight of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element. For example, if the weight of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is 1 kilogram (kg), then the amount of the material is at least 80% w / w, which is equal to at least 0.8 kg. A technical effect is that a suitable amount of the material of the conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K) is present in the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element to ensure optimal absorption of the heat by the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element.

[0021] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles" refers to a layer of nanoparticles that exhibit photocatalytic properties. Optionally, the photocatalytic nanoparticles are selected from: titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ), and the like. It will be appreciated that the "at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles" refers to "one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles" in some implementations, and "a plurality of layers of photocatalytic nanoparticles" in other implementations. Notably, the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element being coated with the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles enables the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element to exhibit photocatalytic properties when the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles coated on the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is illuminated by the Ultraviolet A (UVA) light. Optionally, the at least one layer of photocatalytic recuperators is coated on the at least one heat exchanging element using chemical or electrochemical methods.

[0022] Optionally, the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles has a thickness between 50 nm and 7 µm. In this regard, the thickness indicates a width of the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles. Optionally, the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles has a thickness in a range from 50, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000 nm up to 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 nm. A technical effect of the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles having a thickness between 50 nm and 7 µm is that the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles is thin enough to be easily coated over a large surface area of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element.

[0023] Optionally, the photocatalytic nanoparticles are in the form of spherical nanoparticles of a diameter between 50 and 100 nm. In this regard, the photocatalytic nanoparticles being in the form of the spherical nanoparticles implies that the shape of the photocatalytic nanoparticles is spherical. Optionally, the diameter of the spherical nanoparticles is in a range from 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 nm up to 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 nm. Notably, the photocatalytic nanoparticles being in the form of spherical nanoparticles enables the photocatalytic nanoparticles to be arranged in the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles in a uniform and symmetrical manner. A technical effect of the photocatalytic nanoparticles being in the form of spherical nanoparticles is that the maximum surface of the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles is utilised for containing as many photocatalytic nanoparticles as possible.

[0024] Alternatively, the photocatalytic nanoparticles are in the form of nanotubes of a diameter between 10 and 120 nm and length between 1 and 7 µm. In this regard, the photocatalytic nanoparticles being in the form of nanotubes implies that the shape of the photocatalytic nanoparticles is an elongated cylindrical form. Optionally, the diameter of the nanotubes is in a range of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 nm up to 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 nm. Optionally, the length of the nanotubes is in a range of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 µm up to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 µm. A technical effect of the photocatalytic nanoparticles being in the form of the nanotubes is that the photocatalytic nanoparticles possess a higher thermal conductivity, and mechanical and chemical stability by being in the form of nanotubes.

[0025] Optionally, the photocatalytic nanoparticles have surface defects being oxygen vacancies in an amount of 0.1 to 10% at. In this regard, the term "surface defects" refers to irregularities, imperfections, or discontinuities that are present on a surface of the photocatalytic nanoparticles. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "oxygen vacancies" refers to the surface defects in which oxygen atoms are missing from the crystal lattices of the photocatalytic nanoparticles. Notably, the presence of the oxygen vacancies in the photocatalytic nanoparticles affects the stability and reactivity of the nanoparticles. It will be appreciated that the surface defects in the photocatalytic nanoparticles being the oxygen vacancies enable the oxygen vacancies to act as potential sites for the photocatalysis of the photocatalytic nanoparticles to occur. Optionally, the amount of the oxygen vacancies in the photocatalytic nanoparticles is in a range of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 at up to 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 at. A technical effect is that the photocatalytic properties of the photocatalytic nanoparticles are significantly enhanced.

[0026] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "corresponding Light Emitting Diode (LED) elements" refers to LED elements that are used to emit the UVA light on the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles, which causes the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles to undergo photocatalysis. It will be appreciated that the "at least two corresponding LED elements" refers to "two corresponding LED elements" in some implementations and "a plurality of corresponding LED elements" in other implementations. Optionally, for each layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles amongst the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles, two separate corresponding LED elements amongst the at least two corresponding LED elements are configured to emit the UVA light thereon. Subsequently, the photocatalysis of the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles produces hydroxyl ions (OH -< ) that oxidise and degrade organic pollutants, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), bacteria, viruses, and the like, thus, purifying the air simultaneous to the heat recovery from the air. Optionally, radiation intensity of the UVA light is in a range of 15 to 25 milliwatts per square centimetre (mW / cm 2< ). Optionally, the wavelength of the UVA light is in a range of 340 to 390 nm. Notably, the plurality of LEDs in the at least two corresponding LED elements are the components from which the UVA light is emitted. It will be appreciated that the plurality of LEDs being arranged concentrically around the one centrally placed LED and being mounted on the at least one side of the support implies that the at least two corresponding LED elements are positioned in the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module such that the UVA light is uniformly emitted from the at least two corresponding LED elements on the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles. The support is in a circular shape which enables the UVA light to be emitted in a uniform manner. Moreover, the LEDs being secured with the glass lenses implies that the LEDs are covered by the glass lenses which prevents the LEDs from any external damage and also the glass lenses are resistant to degradation caused by the UVA.

[0027] Optionally, the at least two corresponding LED elements are of a circular shape. In this regard, the at least two corresponding LED elements being of the circular shape enables the at least two corresponding LED elements to emit the UVA light uniformly on the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles providing an even light distribution and reaction on the layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles.

[0028] Optionally, the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is a roller with two bases, wherein the two bases are the support for the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles and wherein at least one base is directly exposed to the UVA light emitted by at least one LED element. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "roller" refers to a shape resembling an elongated body with polygonal cross-section. Notably, the two bases are located at two opposite ends of the roller. It will be appreciated that the two bases being the support for the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles implies that the two bases provide the surface for the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles to be coated on. Subsequently, the at least one base being directly exposed to the UVA light emitted by at least one LED element enables the UVA light to be incident on the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles.

[0029] Optionally, the roller comprises a system of tubules, wherein cross-sectional area of a tubule is in a range of 4 to 20 mm 2< and the ratio of the diameter of the tubule to a length of the tubule is in a range of 1:25 to 1:40. In this regard, the term "tubules" refers to components that constitute the roller which are in the shape of an elongate body with polygonal cross-section. Optionally, a number of angles in the polygonal cross-section is in a range from 4 up to 10. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "cross-sectional area" refers to an area of the polygonal cross-section of the tubule. Optionally, the cross-sectional area of the tubule is in the range from 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 mm 2< up to 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 mm 2< . Optionally, the ratio of the diameter of the tubule to the length of the tubule is in the range from 1:25, 1:30, 1:35 up to 1:30, 1:35, 1:40.

[0030] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "control unit" refers to a computing unit having processing abilities used to control a functioning and operation of the at least two corresponding LED elements. It will be appreciated that the control unit controls the at least two corresponding LED elements based on the sensed data of the at least one sensor, and subsequently, operate the at least two corresponding LED elements at an optimum efficiency. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "implemented time-based algorithm" refers to an algorithm that controls and regulates the airflow (i.e., a rate of flow of the air) through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module, based on time. Optionally, the speed of the airflow through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module is less than 2 metres / second (m / s), and preferably, less than 1 m / s.

[0031] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "front panel" refers to a surface at one end of the photocatalytic recuperator that acts as a front view of the photocatalytic recuperator. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "air shutter" refers to a component in the front panel that regulates the amount of air entering and exiting the photocatalytic recuperator. Optionally, the air shutter comprises a plurality of openings (for example, holes) to allow the air to enter and exit the photocatalytic recuperator. Throughout the present disclosure, the term "front panel cover" refers to a component that surrounds and covers the front panel.

[0032] The present disclosure also relates to the method as described above. Various embodiments and variants disclosed above, with respect to the aforementioned photocatalytic recuperator, apply mutatis mutandis to the method.

[0033] Optionally, the photocatalytic nanoparticles are selected from at least one of: TiO 2 , WO 3 , ZnO, SrTiOs, C 3 N 4 . It will be appreciated that the use of the at least one of: TiO 2 , WO 3 , ZnO, SrTiOs, C 3 N 4 is well-known in the art. A technical effect of the photocatalytic nanoparticles being selected from the at least one of: TiO 2 , WO 3 , ZnO, SrTiO 3 is that the photocatalytic nanoparticles are cost-effective and easily available.

[0034] Optionally, the UVA light is emitted on the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles during an inflow of the air into the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element. Notably, the UVA light being emitted on the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles during the inflow of the air into the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element causes the photocatalysis of the photocatalytic nanoparticles to happen simultaneously when the air passes through the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element. It will be appreciated that the support in the at least two corresponding LED elements starts to rotate with the inflow of the air, which causes a detection of the inflow of the air by the at least one sensor, and subsequently, the UVA light is emitted. A technical effect is that the air purification happens simultaneously with the heat exchange from the air, due to the UVA light being emitted on the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles during the inflow of the air into the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element.

[0035] The present disclosure also relates to the use as described above. Various embodiments and variants disclosed above, with respect to the aforementioned photocatalytic recuperator and the aforementioned method, apply mutatis mutandis to the use.

[0036] Throughout the present disclosure, the term "combined heat exchanging and air purifying device" refers to a single device in which both the processes of photocatalytic air purification and heat exchanging with the air take place combined without any need for separate devices. Subsequently, the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module is suitable for use in the combined heat exchanging and air purifying device as the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module combines the photocatalytic air purification and heat exchanging with the air simultaneously.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Referring to FIG. 1, illustrated is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of a photocatalytic recuperator 100 for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 comprises an air inlet (not shown) and an air outlet (not shown). Moreover, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 comprises a fan ventilator 102 and a filter module 104 comprising at least one particulate matter filter (not shown). Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 comprises a sensor module (not shown) comprising at least one sensor (not shown). Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 comprises at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module (not shown) comprising at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element (depicted as a photocatalytic heat exchanging element 106) made of a material of conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K), wherein at least one side of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element 106 is coated with at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles (not shown), and at least two corresponding Light Emitting Diode (LED) elements (depicted as a first corresponding LED element 108A and a second corresponding LED element 108B) configured to emit Ultraviolet A (UVA) light on the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles, wherein the at least two corresponding LED elements 108A-B are equipped with a plurality of LEDs (depicted as a first LED 110A and a second LED 110B) arranged concentrically around one centrally placed LED (not shown) and mounted on at least one side of a support (not shown) in the at least two corresponding LED elements 108A-B, and wherein the LEDs 110A-B are secured with glass lenses (not shown), resistant to the UVA light. Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 comprises a control unit (not shown) comprising an implemented time-based algorithm (not shown) configured to regulate airflow through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module, wherein the control unit is configured to control the at least two corresponding LED elements 108A-B. Furthermore, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 comprises a front panel 112 comprising an air shutter (not shown) and a front panel cover 114. Optionally, the photocatalytic recuperator 100 further comprises a G4 filter 116, a hood 118, a facade gasket 120, and an anti-bug net 122.

[0038] FIG. 1 is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims herein. It is to be understood that the specific implementations of the photocatalytic recuperator 100 are provided as examples and are not to be construed as limiting it to specific numbers, sizes, or shapes of the fan ventilator 102, the filter module 104, at least one heat exchanging element 106, at least two corresponding LED elements 108A-B, the plurality of LEDs 110A-B, the front panel 112, the front panel cover 114, the G4 filter 116, the hood 118, the facade gasket 120, and the anti-bug net 122 and similar. A person skilled in the art will recognise many variations, alternatives, and modifications of embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 2, illustrated is a schematic illustration of a front view of at least two corresponding LED elements (depicted as a corresponding LED element 200), in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the at least two corresponding LED elements 200 are equipped with a plurality of LEDs (depicted as a first LED 202A, a second LED 202B, and a third LED 202C) arranged concentrically around one centrally placed LED (for example, 202C) and mounted on at least one side of a support 204 in the at least two corresponding LED elements 200, and wherein the LEDs 202A-C are secured with glass lenses (depicted as a first glass lens 206A, a second glass lens 206B, and a third glass lens 206C), resistant to the UVA light.

[0040] FIG. 2 is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims herein. It is to be understood that the specific implementations of the at least two corresponding LED elements 200 are provided as examples and are not to be construed as limiting it to specific numbers, sizes, or shapes of the plurality of LEDs 202A-C, the support 204, the glass lenses 206A-C, and similar. A person skilled in the art will recognise many variations, alternatives, and modifications of embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0041] Referring to FIG. 3, illustrated is a flowchart depicting steps of a method for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously in a photocatalytic recuperator. At step 302, air is received in the photocatalytic recuperator through an air inlet. At step 304, the air is filtered in a fan ventilator and a filter module comprising at least one particulate matter filter. At step 306, parameters associated with air purification and heat exchange process are sensed within the photocatalytic recuperator, via a sensor module. At step 308, air is purified and heat is exchanged from the air in at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element in an air purifying and heat exchanging module, wherein the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is made of a material of conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K), and wherein at least one side of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is coated with at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles, wherein the air is purified and heat is exchanged from the air by performing step 308A. At the step 308A, Ultraviolet A (UVA) light is emitted on the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles using at least two corresponding LED elements, wherein the at least two corresponding LED elements are equipped with a plurality of LEDs arranged concentrically around one centrally placed LED and mounted on at least one side of a support in the at least two corresponding LED elements, and wherein the LEDs are secured with glass lenses, resistant to the UVA light. At step 310, airflow is regulated through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module using an implemented time-based algorithm in a control unit. At step 312, the at least two corresponding LED elements are controlled using the control unit.

[0042] The aforementioned steps are only illustrative and other alternatives can also be provided where one or more steps are added, one or more steps are removed, or one or more steps are provided in a different sequence without departing from the scope of the claims herein.

[0043] Modifications to embodiments of the present disclosure described in the foregoing are possible without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the accompanying claims. Expressions such as "including", "comprising", "incorporating", "have", "is" used to describe and claim the present disclosure are intended to be construed in a non-exclusive manner, namely allowing for items, components or elements not explicitly described also to be present. Reference to the singular is also to be construed to relate to the plural.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0008]The following detailed description illustrates embodiments of the present disclosure and ways in which they can be implemented. Although some modes of carrying out the present disclosure have been disclosed, those skilled in the art would recognise that other embodiments for carrying out or practising the present disclosure are also possible.

[0009]In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a photocatalytic recuperator for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously, comprising:

an air inlet and an air outlet; a fan ventilator and filter module comprising at least one particulate matter filter; a sensor module comprising at least one sensor; at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module comprising: at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element made of a material of conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K), wherein at least one side of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is coated with at least one...

Claims

1. A photocatalytic recuperator for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously, comprising: an air inlet and an air outlet; a fan ventilator and a filter module comprising at least one particulate matter filter; a sensor module comprising at least one sensor; at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module comprising: at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element made of a material of conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K), wherein at least one side of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is coated with at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles, and at least two corresponding Light Emitting Diode (LED) elements configured to emit Ultraviolet A (UVA) light on the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles, wherein the at least two corresponding LED elements are equipped with a plurality of LEDs arranged concentrically around one centrally placed LED and mounted on at least one side of a support in the at least two corresponding LED elements, and wherein the LEDs are secured with glass lenses, resistant to the UVA light; a control unit comprising an implemented time-based algorithm configured to regulate airflow through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module, wherein the control unit is configured to control the at least two corresponding LED elements; and a front panel comprising an air shutter and a front panel cover.

2. A photocatalytic recuperator according to claim 1, wherein the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles has a thickness between 50 nm and 7 µm.

3. A photocatalytic recuperator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the material of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is selected from at least one of: transition metals, transition metal oxides, alloys.

4. A photocatalytic recuperator according to claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein an amount of the material of the conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K) in the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is at least 80% weight / weight (w / w) of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element.

5. A photocatalytic recuperator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the photocatalytic nanoparticles are in the form of spherical nanoparticles of a diameter between 50 and 100 nm.

6. A photocatalytic recuperator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the photocatalytic nanoparticles are in the form of nanotubes of a diameter between 10 and 120 nm and length between 1 and 7 µm.

7. A photocatalytic recuperator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the photocatalytic nanoparticles have surface defects being oxygen vacancies in an amount of 0.1 to 10% at.

8. A photocatalytic recuperator according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least two corresponding LED elements are of a circular shape.

9. A photocatalytic recuperator according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is a roller with two bases, wherein the two bases are the support for the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles and wherein at least one base is directly exposed to the UVA light emitted by at least one LED element.

10. A photocatalytic recuperator according to claim 9, wherein the roller comprises a system of tubules, wherein a cross-sectional area of a tubule is in a range of 4 to 20 mm2 and a ratio of a diameter of the tubule to a length of the tubule is in a range of 1:25 to 1:40.

11. A method for combining heat recovery and photocatalytic air purification simultaneously in a photocatalytic recuperator, wherein the method comprises: receiving air in the photocatalytic recuperator through an air inlet; filtering the air in a fan ventilator and a filter module comprising at least one particulate matter filter; sensing parameters associated with air purification and heat exchange process within the photocatalytic recuperator, via a senor module; purifying air and exchanging heat from the air in at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element in an air purifying and heat exchanging module, wherein the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is made of a material of conductivity coefficient from 25 to 200 W / (m*K), and wherein at least one side of the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element is coated with at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles, wherein the air is purified and heat is exchanged from the air by: emitting Ultraviolet A (UVA) light on the at least one layer of the photocatalytic nanoparticles using at least two corresponding LED elements, wherein the at least two corresponding Light Emitting Diode (LED) elements are equipped with a plurality of LEDs arranged concentrically around one centrally placed LED and mounted on at least one side of a support in the at least two corresponding LED elements, and wherein the LEDs are secured with glass lenses, resistant to the UVA light; regulating airflow through the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module using an implemented time-based algorithm in a control unit; and controlling the at least two corresponding LED elements using the control unit.

12. A method according to claim 11, wherein the photocatalytic nanoparticles are selected from at least one of: TiO2, WO3, ZnO, SrTiO3, C3N4.

13. A method according to claims 11 to 12, wherein the UVA light is emitted on the at least one layer of photocatalytic nanoparticles during an inflow of the air into the at least one photocatalytic heat exchanging element.

14. A method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the control unit communicates with a open / closed window sensor and turns the recuperator to an off position when an open window is detected.

15. Use of the at least one air purifying and heat exchanging module according to claims 1 to 10 in a combined heat exchanging and air purifying device.

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