A fluid discharge arrangement

Abstract

A fluid discharge arrangement is disclosed. In one embodiment, the fluid discharge arrangement (5) comprises an outlet region (10) configured so as to be operable in first (S1) and second (S2) states of operation. The fluid discharge arrangement (5) further 5 comprises first (20) and second (25) fluid flow paths. The first fluid flow path (20) is configured for receiving a flow of fluid for supply to the outlet region (10) by way of which fluid is dischargeable when the outlet region is provided in the first operable state (S1). The second fluid flow path (25) is configured for receiving a flow of fluid when the outlet region (10) is provided in the second operable state (S2). The provision of the outlet region (10) in 10 the second operable state (S2) is configured so as to fluidly associate or connect the first (20) and second (25) fluid flow paths in a manner enabling one or more portion(s) / region(s) or parts of or arranged operable with the fluid discharge arrangement (5) or the outlet region that are exposed to or come into contact with fluid discharge when the outlet region is provided in the first operable state (S1) to become in fluid and or thermal communication 15 with a flow of fluid received by the second fluid flow path (25) from the first fluid flow path (20).

Description

[0001] A FLUID DISCHARGE ARRANGEMENT

[0002] Field of the Invention

[0003] Embodiments of a fluid discharge arrangement are disclosed. In one form, a fluid discharge arrangement configured for operating a sanitary regime is disclosed.

[0004] Related application

[0005] The present application claims the priority benefit of Australian provisional patent application No. 2023900619, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0006] Background

[0007] Fluid discharge outlets such as faucets, tapware, shower heads have been identified as hazards in the facilitation of the transmission of significantly harmful bacteria, such as for example, Legionella. The risk of Legionella transmission has largely been addressed to date by minimising stagnant water in plumbing pipework and deploying exposures of heated water (generally in the order of 70 degrees Celsius). While solutions addressing such sanitary concerns exist, many are considered deficient for a variety of reasons, including, but not limited to, the following: common requirement for relevant staff to possess specialised knowledge, excessive labour hours, high probabilities of public being harmed (eg. by scalding water), unacceptably low certainty of successful sanitisation / disinfection events, excessive use of water, inefficient energy use.

[0008] The principles described herein seek to offer improvement.

[0009] Summary

[0010] In a first aspect, an embodiment provides a fluid discharge arrangement comprising: an outlet region arranged so as to be operable in first and second states of operation; a first fluid flow path configured for receiving a flow of fluid for supply to the outlet region by way of which fluid is dischargeable when the outlet region is provided in the first operable state; and a second fluid flow path configured for receiving a flow of fluid when the outlet region is provided in the second operable state; wherein provision of the outlet region in the second operable state is configured so as to fluidly associate or connect the first and second fluid flow paths in a manner enabling one or more portion(s) / region(s) or parts of or arranged operable with the fluid discharge arrangement or the outlet region that are exposed to or come into contact with fluid discharge when the outlet region is provided in the first operable state to become in fluid and or thermal communication with a flow of fluid received by the second fluid flow path from the first fluid flow path.

[0011] In a second aspect, an embodiment provides a faucet arrangement comprising: a discharge head having an outlet region configured operable between first and second states of operation; a first fluid passage configured for receiving a flow of fluid for supply to the outlet region by which fluid is dischargeable from the faucet arrangement when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the first operable state; a second fluid passage configured by having an inlet opening to an internal region of the faucet arrangement and receivable of a flow of fluid when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the second operable state; the faucet arrangement configured so that transition of the outlet region between the first and second operable states is by one of either relative translational or rotational movement between the discharge head and the inlet of the second fluid flow passage, wherein the relevant of the relative translational or rotational movement between the discharge head and the inlet in transitioning the outlet region to the second operable state is configured to fluidly connect or register the outlet region with the inlet of the second fluid passage thereby enabling a flow of fluid to flow from the first flow passage to the second flow passage.

[0012] In a third aspect, an embodiment provides a faucet arrangement comprising: a discharge head having an outlet region configured moveable so as to transition the outlet region so as to be operable between first and second states of operation; a first fluid passage configured for receiving a flow of fluid for supply to the outlet region by which fluid is dischargeable from the faucet arrangement when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the first operable state; a second fluid passage configured by having an inlet opening to an internal region of the faucet arrangement and receivable of a flow of fluid when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the second operable state; the faucet arrangement configured so that transition of the outlet region between the first and second operable states is by either the discharge head being translated or rotated relative to the inlet of the second fluid flow passage, wherein the relevant of the translational or rotational movement of the discharge head in transitioning the outlet region to the second operable state is configured to fluidly connect or register the outlet region with the inlet of the second fluid passage thereby enabling a flow of fluid to flow from the first flow passage to the second flow passage.

[0013] Embodiments of the above-described aspects, and those described below, may comprise, either individually or in combination, any of the following features.

[0014] Embodiments of the fluid discharge arrangement of the present aspect may be configurable for operating a sanitary regime at desired instances in time for purging / flushing stagnant water and / or for deploying flows of heated water for sanitization / disinfection of portion(s) / region(s) or constituent parts of or arranged operable with the fluid discharge arrangement or the outlet region that are ordinarily exposed to or come into contact with fluid discharge when the outlet region is in the first operable state. In one form, for example, the fluid connection between the first and second fluid flow paths defines a further fluid flow path in which the portion(s) / region(s) or constituent parts of or arranged operable with the fluid discharge arrangement or the outlet region are within and therefore subject to the sanitizing / disinfecting flow. The functionality provided by the principles described herein contrasts many existing solutions in which surfaces of or arranged operable with a discharge spout or head that are ordinarily exposed to fluid or water discharged during a normal discharge mode of operation are often not subject to acceptable sanitary processes / operations. For example, Legionella transmission occurs via water droplets (for example, when showering). Networks or systems of plumbing pipeworks therefore provide an environment entirely suited for breeding Legionella thereby increasing the risk of transmission. Accordingly, embodiments of the principles described herein seek to provide a fluid discharge outlet arrangement, and related fluid supply arrangement, that has the capability to sanitize / disinfect the portion(s) / region(s) or constituent components / parts of or arranged operable with the fluid discharge arrangement or the outlet region that are exposed to or come in contact with water during normal use, including embodiments where the outlet region comprises or carries a flow straightener, such as for example, an aerator.

[0015] In one embodiment, the outlet region, at least in part, fluidly links or connects (or registers) the first and second fluid flow paths when provided in the second operable state. When in such operable state, all fluid flowing through the first fluid flow path is diverted or caused to enter the second fluid flow path (which egresses the received fluid to a target destination, such as for example, a drain or sump). In one such form, the fluid discharge arrangement is configured so that the fluid connection between the first and second fluid flow paths is operable so as to fluidly or hydraulically isolate the first and second fluid flow paths from the ambient environs so that substantially all fluid of a sanitizing / disinfecting event flows from the first fluid flow path into the second fluid flow path when the outlet region is in the second operable state. As such, when a sanitizing or disinfection event / cycle is being undertaken (usually involving heated water) prospective users are protected from exposure to potentially scalding fluids.

[0016] In one embodiment, provision or transition of the outlet region to / from the first, second operable states is enabled, at least in part, by way of relative movement between the outlet region and the second fluid flow path.

[0017] In another embodiment, the receiving of a flow of fluid by the second fluid flow path is enabled, at least in part, by way of a diverter or valve means or module configured operable for diverting fluid flowing through the first fluid flow path to the second fluid flow path via the outlet region when provided in the second operable state, or for discharge from the fluid discharge arrangement (eg. during normal use) via the outlet region when provided in the first operable state. In one form, the outlet region and at least a portion of the first fluid flow path are provided with or carried by the diverter or valve means or module.

[0018] In a further embodiment, the outlet region is provided as part of a first body, whereby the first body is configured so as to define, at least in part, a portion of the first fluid flow path. In one form, the diverter or valve means or module is in part defined, at least in part, by the first body. In an embodiment, the outlet region is provided as part of or defined by a spout or discharge head.

[0019] In an embodiment, a portion of the second fluid flow path is defined, at least in part, by a second body, whereby transition of the outlet region to / from the first, second operable states is enabled, at least in part, by way of relative movement between the first and second bodies.

[0020] In an embodiment, the first and second bodies are operable concentric / coaxial one another on their relative movement transitioning the outlet region between the first, second operable states, the second body formed providing an interior or cavity region configured for receiving or accommodating the first body on the provision of the outlet region in the second operable state.

[0021] In an embodiment, the faucet arrangement further comprises a body having an internal cavity region defining the internal region of the faucet arrangement to which the inlet of the second fluid passage opens, the body having an opening that is spaced from the inlet that opens the internal cavity region to ambient surrounds, the internal cavity region configured for supporting relative movement between the discharge head and the inlet by the relevant of either translation or rotation for fluidly connecting or registering the outlet region with the opening of the internal cavity region for operation in the first operable state, and for fluidly connecting or registering the outlet region with the inlet for operation in the second operable state.

[0022] In an embodiment, the faucet arrangement further comprises a body having an internal cavity region defining the internal region of the faucet arrangement to which the inlet of the second fluid passage opens, the body having an opening that is spaced from the inlet that opens the internal cavity region to ambient surrounds, the internal cavity region configured for supporting movement of the discharge head relative the inlet by the relevant of either translation or rotation for moving the outlet region between registration with the opening for operation in the first operable state, and registration with the inlet for operation in the second operable state.

[0023] In an embodiment, the faucet arrangement further comprises a body having an internal cavity region defining the internal region of the faucet arrangement to which the inlet of the second fluid passage opens, the body having an opening that is spaced from the inlet that opens the internal cavity region to ambient surrounds, the internal cavity region configured operable with the discharge head so that the body is moveable relative thereto by the relevant of either translation or rotation for fluidly connecting or registering the outlet region with the opening for operation in the first operable state, and fluidly connecting or registering the outlet region with the inlet for operation in the second operable state.

[0024] In an embodiment, the internal cavity region has an axis, and wherein the inlet of the second fluid passage is spaced from the opening about the axis.

[0025] In an embodiment, the internal cavity region has an axis, and wherein the inlet of the second fluid passage is spaced from the opening along or in accordance with the axis.

[0026] In an embodiment, the discharge head is configured operable with a means for enabling movement of the discharge head in the internal cavity region of the body of the faucet arrangement by either rotation of the discharge head about the axis of the cavity region for rotating the outlet region between fluid connection / registration with the opening and the inlet of the second fluid passage, or translation of the discharge head along or in accordance with the axis of the cavity region for moving the outlet region between fluid connection / registration with the opening and the inlet of the second fluid passage. In an embodiment, the discharge head is configured of or in fixed relation with a first body, which first body is configured in driving relation with the means enabling movement of the discharge head within the internal cavity region of the body of the faucet arrangement by either rotation or translation.

[0027] In an embodiment, the discharge head is of or carried at or near a distal end of the first body.

[0028] In an embodiment, the first fluid passage extends through a portion of the first body in fluidly connecting the outlet region with a fluid source.

[0029] In an embodiment, the first fluid passage is generally coaxially aligned with an axis of the first body.

[0030] In an embodiment, said body of the faucet arrangement is a second body, the second body further configured so that the second fluid passage extends through a portion of the second body in fluidly connecting the inlet with any of the following: a drain, a sump, a basin, S trap.

[0031] In an embodiment, the second body carries a further fluid passage or fluid conduit arranged at one end to be in fluid communication with a source of fluid, and arranged to be in fluid communication with the first fluid passage at another end of the further fluid passage or conduit, whereby the further fluid passage or conduit fluidly connects the first fluid passage with the source of fluid.

[0032] In an embodiment, the further fluid passage or conduit is configured in sliding relation with the first fluid passage so that fluid communication between the source of fluid and the first fluid passage can be substantially preserved during relative movement between the first and second bodies.

[0033] In an embodiment, the first and second bodies are configured so that the discharge head is provided outward of the second body via an opening of the internal cavity region when the first body is translated along the axis within the internal cavity region of the second body to the first operable state, and fluidly connects or registers the outlet region with the inlet of the second fluid passage within the internal cavity region of the second body when translated along the axis to the second operable state.

[0034] In an embodiment, the first and second bodies are configured so that translation of the discharge head when moving the outlet region to the first operable state causes a portion of the first body to close against a portion of the second body adjacent the opening of the internal cavity region of the second body thereby hydraulically isolating the second fluid passage from the outlet region when the outlet region is provided in the first operable state.

[0035] In an embodiment, the faucet arrangement comprises a biasing means provided operable between the first and second bodies, the biasing means arranged to act on the first and second bodies so as to bias the outlet region to fluidly connect or register with the inlet of the internal cavity region in the second operable state.

[0036] In an embodiment, the first and second bodies are configured so as to define a chamber therebetween within a portion of the internal cavity region of the second body, wherein pressurization of the chamber by hydraulic fluid acting on the first body sufficient to overcome the bias provided by way of the biasing means translates the first body relative the second body for providing the outlet region in the first operable state. In an embodiment, the hydraulic pressure sufficient to cause translation of the first body to transition the discharge head for providing the outlet region in the first operable state is about mains pressure, and removal of the mains pressure causes the first body to be biased back to the second operable state by the biasing means.

[0037] In an embodiment, the first body is rotatable in the internal cavity region of the second body for moving the discharge head so as to move the outlet region between the first and second operable states.

[0038] In an embodiment, the first fluid passage is provided by way of an internal passage formed within the first body, the internal passage being coaxial with an axis of the first body, and wherein an upstream end of the internal passage is configured in fluid communication with a source of fluid.

[0039] In an embodiment, the upstream end of the internal passage is configured in fluid communication with the source of fluid in a manner preserving fluid communication between the first fluid passage and the source of fluid irrespective of rotation of the first body when rotating the discharge head between the first and second operable states.

[0040] In an embodiment, the first and second bodies are configured so that the outlet region opens to ambient surrounds via the opening of the internal cavity when the first body is rotated within the internal cavity of the second body to provide the outlet region in the first operable state, and fluidly connects or registers the outlet region with the inlet of the second fluid passage within the internal cavity of the second body when rotated to the second operable state.

[0041] In an embodiment, the first and second bodies are configured so that rotation of the discharge head about the axis to provide the outlet region in the first operable state causes a portion of the discharge head to close the inlet of the second fluid passage.

[0042] In an embodiment, an angular displacement of the discharge head when rotated between the first and second operable states about the axis is about 180 degrees, or about 90 degrees.

[0043] In an embodiment, the first body is configured in driving relation with any of the following for moving the discharge head to / from the first, second operable states by way of either translation or rotation: an electric motor, mechanical means, hydraulic means.

[0044] In an embodiment, when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the second operable state, the outlet region is fluidly and thermally subject to a flow of fluid when passing from the first fluid flow passage to the second fluid flow passage.

[0045] In an embodiment, the outlet region comprises or is arranged in operable association with any of the following through which fluid passes or surrounds when the outlet region is in either of the first, second operable states on delivery of fluid through the first fluid flow passage: an aerator, a flow regulator, a filter, a diffuser, a flow straightener, a non-return valve.

[0046] In an embodiment, the discharge head is provided in the form of a ball-like valve arranged to fluidly link the outlet region with the first fluid passage, the ball-like valve arranged so as to be rotatably driven between the inlet and the opening for providing the outlet region in the first and second operable states, wherein, rotation of the ball-like valve to the first operable state fluidly connects or registers the outlet region with the opening for enabling fluid discharge to ambient surrounds, and rotation of the ball-like valve to the second operable state fluidly connects or registers the outlet region with the inlet of the second fluid passage internal of the faucet arrangement.

[0047] In an embodiment, the first fluid passage is provided by way of a first conduit fluidly connecting the outlet region of the ball-type valve with a fluid source, and the second fluid passage is provided by way of a second conduit fluidly connecting the inlet with any of: a drain, a sump, a basin, S trap.

[0048] In another embodiment, the fluid discharge arrangement is configured so that the outlet region is transitionable to / from the first, second operable states by way of hydraulic, mechanical, or mechatronic means. In one form, for example, any of the hydraulic, mechanical, or mechatronic means may be configured so as to be operable by manual means (eg. in one form, by a user of the fluid discharge arrangement).

[0049] In a further embodiment, the first and / or second bodies are formed from an appropriately thermally conductive material so as to improve thermal communication between a flow of fluid moving through the first fluid flow path, when the outlet region is in the second operable state for flushing / disinfection purposes, with one or more portionZregion(s) or constituent parts of or arranged operable with the fluid discharge arrangement or the outlet region that are exposed to or come into contact with fluid discharge when the outlet region is in the first operable state. In one form, the first and / or second bodies are assembled for operation relative one another so as to improve or increase thermal communication between a flow of fluid moving through the first fluid flow path, when the outlet region is in the second operable state, with the one or more portionZregion(s) or parts of or arranged operable with the fluid discharge arrangement or the outlet region that are exposed to or come into contact with fluid discharge when the outlet region is in the first operable state.

[0050] In a further embodiment, the fluid discharge arrangement comprises or is arranged in operable association with a controller means or module configured operable for causing and / or managing any of: (i) transition of the outlet region to / from the first, second operable states; (ii) provision of a flow of fluid to the first fluid flow path for operation of the fluid discharge arrangement when the outlet region is in the first operable state; (iii) provision of a flow of fluid suitable for a sanitary process or operation to the first fluid flow path when the outlet region is in the second operable state.

[0051] In another embodiment, the fluid discharge arrangement comprises or is arranged in operable association with a fluid supply arrangement in a manner enabling the first fluid flow path to receive a flow of fluid, the fluid supply arrangement configured for enabling provision of a flow of fluid suitable for operation of the fluid discharge arrangement when the outlet region is in the first or second operable states.

[0052] In a further embodiment, the fluid supply arrangement is configured in fluid communication with a heated water supply and a non-heated water supply, and comprises any suitable passive or actively controllable fluid flow componentry (such as for example, one or more solenoids, flow restrictors, nonreturn valves, fluid regulators, fluid diverters, standard or thermostatic mixing valves, ball type valves (eg. 3-way ball valves)), the operation of which, individually or by way of any suitable combination, is arranged so as to be controllable by the controller means or module in accordance with one or more operating procedures (eg. including sanitary and / or standard discharge processes / operations / regimes) for supplying a flow of fluid of a desired temperature suitable for operation of the fluid discharge arrangement when the outlet region is in the first or second operable state.

[0053] In one embodiment, the fluid supply arrangement comprises a fluid circuit arranged operable for receiving a non-heated fluid and a heated fluid via respective fluid flow paths for delivery to a mixing means or module for supply of fluid to the first fluid flow path, wherein the fluid circuit is configured so as to enable a flow of received heated fluid to enter the fluid flow path that delivers non-heated fluid to the mixing means or module. In this manner, heated fluid can be introduced into the non-heated fluid pathway so as to subject same to a sanitary regime for the purposes of purging / flushing stagnant fluid and / or sanitising / disinfecting the non-heated fluid pathway as well as portions of the mixing means or module that are ordinarily in fluid communication with the non-heated fluid flow path. In this way, fluid flow paths / passages / channels of the mixing means or module can be subject to a purging / flushing / sanitising / disinfecting operation in accordance with a selected sanitary regime. In one form, the mixing means or module is provided in the form of a thermostatic mixing valve cartridge (TMV), although the skilled reader would appreciate that any suitable mixing module could be substituted in place thereof.

[0054] In an embodiment, the controller means or module is arranged in operable association with the fluid supply arrangement, and configured operable for causing and / or managing operation of one or more sanitary processes or operations in respect of the fluid discharge arrangement and or the fluid supply arrangement arranged for supplying fluid to the fluid discharge arrangement.

[0055] In a further embodiment, the controller means or module is configured for, when the outlet region is provided in the second operable state, causing, in accordance with one or more sanitary processes or operations, a flow of fluid suitable for flushing or disinfection purposes into or through: (i) one or more portions of the fluid supply arrangement, and or (ii) the first fluid flow path.

[0056] In another embodiment, the fluid discharge arrangement and or the fluid supply arrangement comprises or is arranged in operable association with one or more of the following sensor means or modules: temperature sensor, flow rate sensor, flow switch, an infra-red (IR) sensor, a proximity or rotational position sensor, a micro switch or like sensor, a Hall-effect sensor, a pressure sensor or suitable pressure transducer, a bio film sensor, a near field communication (NFC) sensor. Any such sensor means / modules may be positioned at any of the following locations: at, near or within any portion of the outlet region or an opening with which the outlet region is operable for discharging fluid, upstream or downstream therefrom, at, near, or within any portion of the first or second fluid flow paths, upstream or downstream therefrom, at, near, or within any portion of the first or second bodies, upstream or downstream therefrom, at, near, or within any portion of any constituent component (including, for example, fluid conduit or flow passage / channel, fluid flow control devices / modules) comprising the fluid supply arrangement, upstream or downstream therefrom, at, near, or within any portion of any constituent component of a fluid network with which the fluid discharge arrangement is arranged operable, upstream or downstream therefrom. Any of such sensors means / modules may be configured operable with the controller means or module for receiving information for use in the management of the operation of the fluid discharge arrangement and / or the related fluid supply arrangement when the outlet region is in either of the first, second operable states. In a further embodiment, the controller means or module is configured operable so that information received from any of the sensor means or modules enables, at least in part, determination of any of the following: whether the outlet region is in the first or second operable state, whether a flushing or disinfection event is in progress or completed, existence of one or more affirmative or negative (eg. performance errors) performance characteristics of the fluid discharge arrangement and / or the related fluid supply arrangement (eg. whether there is no fluid flow in either of the first, second fluid flow paths), presence and or rate of bacterial growth (eg. via bio-film sensory input); usage frequency of fluid discharge arrangement.

[0057] In another embodiment, the controller means or module is configured operable so that information received from any of the sensor means or modules enables, at least in part, facilitation of any of the following events: (i) transition of the outlet region to / from either of the first or second operable states, (ii) supply of a flow of fluid for discharge from the opening of the outlet region when in the first operable state, (iii) supply of a flow of fluid to the first fluid flow path for purging, flushing or disinfection purposes when the outlet region is in the second operable state, (iv) supply of a flow of fluid through a portion of the fluid supply arrangement for flushing or disinfection of one or more constituent components of the fluid supply arrangement when the outlet region is in the second operable state, (v) supply of the flow of fluid in respect of any of (i) to (iv) for a predetermined period of time, (vi) supply of the flow of fluid in respect of any of (i) to (iv) in accordance with a predetermined supply frequency, (vii) indication of a previous, current, or future status of operation of the fluid discharge arrangement (e.g. warning during disinfection period, errors, temperature etc.), (viii) a diagnostic function, (ix) indication of operating performance deficiencies (e.g. errors or error codes) of the fluid discharge arrangement, which may or may not be informed, at least in part, by operation of the diagnostic function of (viii), (x) communication with external monitoring or control system.

[0058] In one embodiment, the outlet region comprises or is arranged in operable association with any of the following positioned at or near the opening either upstream or downstream thereof: an aerator, a flow regulator, a filter, a shower rose, a hose, a hand shower, a diffuser, a flow straightener, a non-return valve.

[0059] In an embodiment, the second fluid flow path is arranged so as to egress fluid received thereby to any of the following: a drain, a sump, a basin, S trap, a heated water supply line configured operable for providing a source of heated water to the fluid discharge arrangement, the heated water supply of the fluid supply arrangement.

[0060] In another embodiment, the outlet region is biased toward the second operable state by way of a suitable biasing means or module.

[0061] In another embodiment, the outlet region is arranged so that transition to the first operable state is enabled by a pressure sufficient to overcome the bias provided by way of the biasing means or module.

[0062] In a further embodiment, the outlet region comprises or is arranged in operable association with a piston functioning portion against which a volume of fluid acts for moving the outlet region so as to enable its transition to the first operable state. In an embodiment, the controller means or module is configured operable for causing a flow of fluid to flow along a third fluid flow path for acting against the piston functioning portion for enabling transition of the outlet region to the first operable state, which fluid is delivered along the third fluid flow path at about mains pressure.

[0063] In a further embodiment, the fluid discharge arrangement is configured so that the outlet region is transitionable to / from either of the first, second operable states by way of the outlet region, or any means by which it is carried or hosted, being arranged so as to be responsive to movement of a driven element.

[0064] In another embodiment, the fluid discharge arrangement is configured operable so that transitioning of the outlet region to / from the first, second operable states is enabled by way of the outlet region being: (i) rotated or rotatable about an axis, and or (ii) moveable along an axis (eg. in a linear manner).

[0065] In a further embodiment, rotation of the outlet region to / from the first, second operable states is by way of: (i) an electric motor (eg. in one form, the operation of which is by way of the controller means or module), or (ii) mechanical means (eg. in one form, the operation of which is by way of actuation by a user of the fluid discharge arrangement).

[0066] In another embodiment, the first and second operable states of the outlet region are angularly spaced from one another. In one embodiment, the angular spacing is about 180 degrees. Optionally, rotation of the discharge head could be about 90 degrees. The skilled reader will appreciate that other angles could be possible. It will be appreciated that the angular spacing could vary as required for a specific application.

[0067] In an embodiment, portions or regions of or adjacent an entrance of the second fluid flow path may be configured so as to cooperate with the outlet region for assisting in diverting fluid into the second fluid flow path. In one form, said portion(s) / region(s) may be portion(s) of, or operably associated with, a portion of the second body or a housing configured to house or accommodate one or more portion(s) of the fluid discharge arrangement.

[0068] In a further embodiment, the controller means or module is arrangeable in operable association with a computer network via which the controller means or module can be interfaced with for monitoring, controlling, or providing / modifying instruction(s) relating to the operational performance (eg. in one form, sanitary processes / operations) of the fluid discharge arrangement. In one embodiment, the controller means / module may be configured so as to operate as a ‘gateway’ to a broader computer network.

[0069] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment provides a faucet arrangement comprising: a discharge head having an outlet region and configured moveable so as to transition the outlet region so as to be operable between first and second states of operation; a first fluid passage configured for receiving a flow of fluid for supply to the outlet region by which fluid is dischargeable from the faucet arrangement when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the first operable state; a second fluid passage openable to an internal region of the faucet arrangement by a moveable closure or gate arrangement so as to be receivable of a flow of fluid when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the second operable state; the closure or gate arrangement configured in operable association with the second fluid passage for enabling or disabling fluid access to the second fluid passage internal of the faucet arrangement, the closure or gate arrangement configured so as to be transitioned between a first condition in which the closure or gate arrangement closes fluid access to the second fluid passage, and a second condition in which the closure or gate arrangement opens fluid access to the second fluid passage internal of the fluid arrangement, the faucet arrangement configured so that transition of the outlet region between the first and second operable states is by the discharge head being rotated relative the internal region of the faucet arrangement, wherein the rotational movement of the discharge head in transitioning the outlet region to the second operable state is configured to fluidly connect the outlet region with the second fluid passage on the closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its second condition opening fluid access to the second fluid passage thereby enabling a flow of fluid to flow from the first flow passage to the second flow passage by way of the outlet region.

[0070] In an embodiment, the faucet arrangement further comprises a body having an internal cavity region defining the internal region of the faucet arrangement to which the second fluid passage is openable, the body having an opening to ambient surrounds that is spaced from where the second passage is openable to the internal cavity region, the internal cavity region configured for supporting rotational movement of the discharge head for moving the outlet region between registration with the opening for operation in the first operable state, and fluid connection of the outlet region with the second fluid passage on transition of the closure or gate arrangement to its second condition for operation in the second operable state.

[0071] In an embodiment, the second fluid passage extends through a portion of the body in fluidly connecting a drainage means with the internal cavity region of the body when the closure or gate arrangement is in its second condition.

[0072] In an embodiment, the closure or gate arrangement is operable between the internal cavity region and the second fluid passage adjacent the outlet region.

[0073] In an embodiment, the closure or gate arrangement comprises a gate configured moveable between the first and second positions by an actuator means.

[0074] In an embodiment, actuation of the gate to its first condition moves the gate so as to close across where the second fluid passage is openable to the internal cavity region.

[0075] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment provides a faucet arrangement comprising: a discharge head having an outlet region operable between first and second states of operation; a first fluid passage configured for receiving a flow of fluid for supply to the outlet region by which fluid is dischargeable from the faucet arrangement when operating in the first operable state; a second fluid passage openable to an internal region of the faucet arrangement so as to be receivable of a flow of fluid when the discharge head is operating in the second operable state; a first closure or gate arrangement configured in operable association with the second fluid passage for enabling or disabling fluid access to the second fluid passage internal of the faucet arrangement, the first closure or gate arrangement configured so as to be transitioned between a first condition in which the first closure or gate arrangement closes fluid access to the second fluid passage, and a second condition in which the first closure or gate arrangement opens fluid access to the second fluid passage, a second closure or gate arrangement configured in operable association with the outlet region, the second closure or gate arrangement configured so as to be transitioned between a first condition in which the second closure or gate arrangement prevents fluid discharge from the outlet region, and a second condition in which the second closure or gate arrangement enables fluid discharge from the outlet region, the faucet arrangement is configured so that transition between the first and second operable states is by operation of the first and second closure or gate arrangements, wherein transition to the first operable state is by: the first closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its first condition, and the second closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its second condition, and transition to the second operable state is by: the first closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its second condition, and the second closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its first condition, thereby fluidly connecting the outlet region with the second fluid passage and enabling a flow of fluid to flow from the first flow passage to the second flow passage by way of the outlet region.

[0076] In an embodiment, the faucet arrangement further comprises a body having an internal cavity region defining the internal region of the faucet arrangement to which the second fluid passage is openable, the body having an opening to ambient surrounds that is spaced from where the second passage is openable to the internal cavity region, the opening defining the outlet region.

[0077] In an embodiment, wherein the second fluid passage extends through a portion of the body in fluidly connecting a drainage means with the internal cavity region of the body when the first closure or gate arrangement is in its second condition.

[0078] In an embodiment, wherein the first closure or gate arrangement is operable between the internal cavity region and the second fluid passage adjacent the outlet region.

[0079] In an embodiment, wherein the first closure or gate arrangement comprises a respective gate, wherein said gate, when moved to its first condition is moved so as to close across where the second fluid passage is openable to the internal cavity region. In an embodiment, wherein the second closure or gate arrangement comprises a respective gate, wherein said gate, when moved to its first condition is moved so as to close across a downstream most end of the outlet region.

[0080] In an embodiment, the first and second closure or gate arrangements respectively comprise a gate configured moveable between respective first and second positions by respective actuator means.

[0081] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment provides a faucet arrangement comprising: a discharge head having an outlet region operable between first and second states of operation; a first fluid passage configured for receiving a flow of fluid for supply to the outlet region by which fluid is dischargeable from the faucet arrangement when operating in the first operable state; a second fluid passage configured by having an inlet opening to an internal region of the faucet arrangement and receivable of a flow of fluid when the discharge head is operating in the second operable state; a closure or gate arrangement configured in operable association with the outlet region, the closure or gate arrangement configured so as to transition between a first condition in which the first closure or gate arrangement prevents fluid discharge from the outlet region, and a second condition in which the closure or gate arrangement enables fluid discharge from the outlet region, the faucet arrangement is configured so that transition between the first and second operable states is by operation of the closure or gate arrangement, wherein transition to the first operable state is by the closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its second condition, and transition to the second operable state is by the closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its first condition thereby diverting any flow of fluid delivered via the first fluid passage to the inlet of the second fluid flow passage by way of the outlet region.

[0082] In an embodiment, the faucet arrangement further comprises a body having an internal cavity region defining the internal region of the faucet arrangement to which the second fluid passage is openable, the body having an opening to ambient surrounds that is spaced from where the second passage is openable to the internal cavity region, the opening defining the outlet region.

[0083] In an embodiment, the inlet of the second fluid passage is upstream of the closure or gate arrangement.

[0084] In an embodiment, the closure or gate arrangement comprises a gate, wherein said gate, when moved to its first condition is moved so as to close across a downstream most end of the outlet region. In an embodiment, actuation of the gate is by way of an actuator means.

[0085] In an embodiment, the second fluid passage is carried by a gate of the moveable closure or gate arrangement, wherein the inlet of the second fluid passage opens to the internal cavity region when the moveable closure is moved to its first position.

[0086] In an embodiment, the outlet region is fluidly and thermally subject to a flow of fluid when passing from the first fluid flow passage to the second fluid flow passage when in the second operable state. In an embodiment, the outlet region comprises or is arranged in operable association with any of the following through which fluid passes or surrounds when the outlet region is in either of the first, second operable states on delivery of fluid through the first fluid flow passage: an aerator, a flow regulator, a filter, a diffuser, a flow straightener, a non-return valve.

[0087] Embodiments of the fourth to sixth aspects may comprise, either individually or in combination, any of the features described in relation to any of the first to third aspects.

[0088] According to a seventh aspect, an embodiment provides a fluid supply arrangement for supplying fluid to a fluid discharge arrangement (such, for example, a faucet or tapware), the fluid supply arrangement comprising: a fluid circuit arranged operable for receiving a non-heated fluid and a heated fluid via respective fluid flow paths for delivery to a mixing means or module, wherein the fluid circuit is configured so as to enable a flow of received heated fluid to be diverted or re / directed to the fluid flow path which delivers non-heated fluid to the mixing means or module by way of the second fluid passage of the faucet arrangement when same is operating in the second state of operation.

[0089] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment provides a fluid supply arrangement for supplying fluid to a faucet arrangement, the fluid supply arrangement comprising: a fluid circuit arranged operable for receiving a non-heated fluid and a heated fluid via respective fluid flow passages for delivery to a mixing means or module via respective flow passages for supply of mixed or non-mixed fluid to the first fluid passage, the second fluid passage arranged in fluid communication with the fluid circuit upstream of the mixing means or module, wherein the fluid circuit is configured so as to enable a flow of heated fluid to be diverted or re / directed via the second fluid passage to the fluid flow path which delivers non-heated fluid to the mixing means or module when the faucet arrangement is operating in the second state of operation.

[0090] In an embodiment, fluid circuit is configured so as to enable a flow of received heated fluid to be diverted or re / directed to the fluid flow path which delivers non-heated fluid to the mixing means or module.

[0091] In one embodiment, the fluid circuit is arranged operable with a fluid discharge arrangement, such as for example, the fluid discharge arrangement arranged according to any of the fluid discharge or faucet arrangements described herein.

[0092] In one embodiment, diversion or re / direction of the received heated fluid is operable by way of a flow control means or module arranged operable via a control means or module configured for carrying out a sanitary process or operation in respect of the fluid flow path which delivers non-heated fluid to the mixing means or module, one or more fluid flow paths of the mixing means or module, and / or one or more fluid flow paths of the fluid discharge arrangement. According to ninth aspect, there is provided a fluid discharge system comprising any embodiment of a fluid discharge or faucet arrangement described herein, arranged operable with an embodiment of a fluid supply arrangement arranged according to the fourth aspect or as otherwise described herein.

[0093] According to a tenth aspect, there is a provided a method for operating a sanitary regime or event, the method comprising: providing an embodiment of a fluid discharge or faucet arrangement arranged according to any embodiment of the fluid discharge or faucet arrangements described herein, operating, or causing to operate, a sanitary process or operation in respect of the relevant of the fluid discharge or faucet arrangement when the outlet region of the fluid discharge arrangement is provided in the second state of operation.

[0094] In an embodiment, the method comprises providing any embodiment of a fluid discharge arrangement or faucet arrangement as described herein configured in operable association with an embodiment of a fluid supply arrangement as described herein.

[0095] In an embodiment, the method comprises providing an embodiment of a fluid discharge system arranged according to the fifth aspect, and operating, or causing to operate, a sanitary process or operation in respect of the relevant of the fluid discharge or faucet arrangement, the fluid supply arrangement, or the fluid discharge system when the outlet region of the fluid discharge or faucet arrangement is provided in the second state of operation.

[0096] According to an eleventh aspect, there is provided a faucet or tapware arrangement, a sanitizing fluid discharge arrangement, or a shower head arrangement comprising: (i) an embodiment of a fluid discharge or faucet arrangement arranged according described herein, whether or not arranged operable with an embodiment of a fluid supply circuit described herein, or (ii) an embodiment of a fluid discharge system described herein.

[0097] An embodiment provides a method of operating, or causing to operate any of the following: an embodiment of a fluid discharge or faucet arrangement arranged described herein, an embodiment of a fluid supply circuit described herein, an embodiment of a fluid discharge system described herein, an implementation of a method arranged described herein, an embodiment of a faucet or tapware arrangement, a sanitizing fluid discharge arrangement, a shower head arrangement described herein.

[0098] It will be understood by the reader that any document, reference, patent application or patent cited in this text is expressly incorporated herein in their entirety by reference, which means that it should be read and considered by the reader as part of this text. That the document, reference, patent application, or patent cited in this text is not repeated herein is merely for reasons of conciseness.

[0099] In this specification, where a literary work, act or item of knowledge (or combinations thereof), is discussed, such reference is not an acknowledgment or admission that any of the information referred to formed part of the common general knowledge as at the priority date of this application. Such information is included only for the purposes of providing context for facilitating an understanding of the inventive concept / principles and the various forms or embodiments in which those inventive concept / principles may be exemplified. Various aspects, examples or embodiments described herein can be practiced alone or in combination with any one or more of the other described aspects, examples or embodiments, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the relevant art. The various described aspects, examples or embodiments can optionally be provided in combination with one or more of the optional features described in relation to the other aspects, examples or embodiments. Furthermore, optional features described in relation to one aspect, example or embodiment can optionally be combined alone or together with other features described in relation different aspects, examples or embodiments.

[0100] For the purposes of summarising the various aspects, examples, or embodiments exemplifying the principles described herein, certain aspects, advantages and novel features have been described above and herein. It is to be understood, however, that not necessarily all such advantage(s) may be achieved in accordance with any particular embodiment or carried out in a manner that achieves or optimises one advantage or group of advantages as taught herein without necessarily achieving other advantage(s) as may be taught or suggested herein.

[0101] Brief Description of the Drawings

[0102] The inventive principles will now be described, by way of example, in the following description of one or more non-limiting examples or embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0103] Figure 1 shows a cross section view of one embodiment of a fluid discharge arrangement embodied in accordance with the principles described herein in the form of a faucet, shown in a first state of operation.

[0104] Figure 2 shows the embodiment shown in Figure 1 when in a second state of operation.

[0105] Figure 3 shows a cross section view of another embodiment of a fluid discharge arrangement embodied in accordance with the principles described herein in the form of a faucet, shown in a second state of operation.

[0106] Figure 4 shows the embodiment shown in Figure 2 when in a first state of operation including inset of a close-up view of identified region A.

[0107] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a fluid supply arrangement arranged in accordance with the principles described herein and operable with the embodiment of the faucet shown Figures 1 and 2.

[0108] Figure 6 shows a perspective view of an example exemplification of faucet / tapware using any of the embodiments of the faucet shown in Figures 1 to 4, when in the first operable state.

[0109] Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the exemplification shown in Figure 6, when in the second operable state.

[0110] Figure 8 shows a perspective view of another example exemplification of faucet / tapware using any of the embodiments of the faucet shown in Figures 1 to 4, when in the first operable state (with handle). Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the exemplification of Figure 8, when in the second operable state (with handle).

[0111] Figure 10 shows a cross section view of another embodiment of a fluid discharge arrangement embodied in accordance with the principles described herein as a faucet, shown in a first state of operation.

[0112] Figure 11 shows the embodiment shown in Figure 10 when in a second state of operation.

[0113] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a fluid supply arrangement operable with the embodiment of the faucet of Figures 10 and 11 .

[0114] Figure 13A shows a perspective view of an example exemplification of faucet / tapware using an embodiment of the faucet shown in Figures 10 and 11 (with handle).

[0115] Figure 13B shows a perspective view of a variation of the example exemplification shown in Figure 13A (without handle).

[0116] Figure 14 shows a cross section view of another embodiment of a fluid discharge arrangement embodied in accordance with the principles described herein as a faucet, shown in a first state of operation.

[0117] Figure 15 shows the embodiment shown in Figure 14 when in a second state of operation.

[0118] Figure 16 shows a perspective view of the faucets of Figures 14 and 15 with associated housing removed, showing inlet and fluid paths.

[0119] Figure 17A shows a perspective view of an example exemplification of faucet / tapware using any of the embodiments of the faucet shown in Figures 14 to 16.

[0120] Figure 17B shows a perspective view of a variation of the example exemplification shown in Figure 17A (with handle).

[0121] Figure 18 shows a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a network architecture operable with any of the embodiment(s) of the faucet / fluid supply assemblies described herein.

[0122] Figure 19 shows an embodiment which is a variation of the embodiment shown in Figures 10 and 11 in a first state of operation (in a discharge condition).

[0123] Figure 20 shows the embodiment of Figure 19 in a second state of operation (sanitising operation).

[0124] Figure 21 shows an embodiment which is a variation of the embodiment shown in Figures 19 and 20 in a first state of operation (in a discharge condition).

[0125] Figure 22 shows the embodiment of Figure 21 in a second state of operation (sanitising operation).

[0126] Figure 23 shows an embodiment which is a variation of the embodiment shown in Figures 21 and 22 in a first state of operation (in a discharge condition). Figure 24 shows the embodiment of Figure 23 in a second state of operation (sanitising operation).

[0127] Figure 25 shows an embodiment which is a variation of the embodiment shown in Figures 23 and 24 in a first state of operation (in a discharge condition).

[0128] Figure 26 shows the embodiment of Figure 23 in a second state of operation (sanitising operation).

[0129] Figure 27 shows an embodiment which is a variation of the embodiment shown in Figures 25 and 26 based on the embodiment shown in Figures 10 and 11 in a first state of operation (in a discharge condition).

[0130] Figure 28 shows the embodiment of Figure 27 in a second state of operation (sanitising operation).

[0131] In the figures, like elements are referred to by like numerals throughout the views provided. The skilled reader will appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions and / or relative positioning of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to facilitate an understanding of the various embodiments exemplifying the principles described herein. Also, common but well understood elements that are useful or necessary in a commercially feasible embodiment are often not depicted in order to provide a less obstructed view of these various embodiments. It will also be understood that the terms and expressions used herein adopt the ordinary meaning as is accorded to such terms and expressions with respect to their corresponding respective areas of inquiry and study except where specific meanings have otherwise been set forth herein.

[0132] It should be noted that the figures are schematic only and the location and disposition of the components can vary according to the particular arrangements of the embodiment(s) as well as of the particular applications of such embodiment(s).

[0133] Specifically, reference to positional descriptions, such as ‘lower’ and ‘upper’, and associated forms such as ‘uppermost’ and ‘lowermost’, are to be taken in context of the embodiments shown in the figures, and are not to be taken as limiting the scope of the principles described herein to the literal interpretation of the term, but rather as would be understood by the skilled reader

[0134] Embodiments described herein may include one or more range of values (eg. size, displacement and field strength etc). A range of values will be understood to include all values within the range, including the values defining the range, and values adjacent to the range which lead to the same or substantially the same outcome as the values immediately adjacent to that value which defines the boundary to the range.

[0135] Other definitions for selected terms used herein may be found within the detailed description and apply throughout. Unless otherwise defined, all other scientific and technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood to one of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiment(s) relate. Detailed Description of Embodiments

[0136] The words used in the specification are words of description rather than limitation, and it is to be understood that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of any aspect of the principles described herein. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that a wide variety of modifications, variations, alterations, and combinations can be made with respect to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of any aspect of the principles described, and that such modifications, alterations, and combinations are to be viewed as falling within the ambit of the inventive concept.

[0137] In the claims that follow and in the preceding description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word “comprise” or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising” is used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the invention.

[0138] Furthermore, throughout the specification and the claims that follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word “include” or variations such as “includes” or “including”, will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers

[0139] It is to be understood that, if any prior art publication is referred to herein, such reference does not constitute an admission that the publication forms a part of the common general knowledge in the art, in Australia or any other country.

[0140] Figures 1 and 2 show one embodiment of a fluid discharge arrangement embodied in accordance with the principles described herein in the form of tapware or a faucet, hereinafter, faucet 5. Broadly, the faucet 5 comprises an outlet region 10 operable with an opening 15. The outlet region 10 is provided as part of a spout or discharge head 12. The outlet region 10 is arranged so as to be operable in first S1 (shown in Figure 1) and second S2 (shown in Figure 2) states of operation. The faucet 5 further comprises first 20 and second 25 fluid flow paths. The first fluid flow path 20 (hereinafter, inlet path 20) is configured for receiving a flow of water for supply to the outlet region 10 by way of which water (eg. mixed temperature water) is dischargeable when the outlet region 10 is provided in the first operable state S1 enabling normal use of the faucet 5. The second fluid flow path 25 is configured for receiving a flow of water when the outlet region 10 is provided in the second operable state S2. For the embodiment shown, the second fluid flow path 25 (hereinafter, egress path 25) is arranged so as to egress water received thereby to any of a drain, a sump, a basin, S trap, or can be recycled.

[0141] In the form shown in Figures 1 and 2, the provision of the outlet region 10 in the second operable state S2 is configured so as to fluidly link or connect the inlet 20 and egress 25 paths (eg. by way of the outlet region 10 being caused to fluidly register substantially with the egress path 25) in a manner enabling one or more portion(s) / region(s) or constituent parts (eg. an aerator module) of or arranged operable with the faucet 5 or the outlet region 10 (which portion / region(s) or parts may be, for example, upstream and or downstream from, about, adjacent, or along the opening 15), that are exposed to or come into contact with water discharged when the outlet region 10 is in the first operable state S1 to become in fluid and or thermal communication with a flow of water deployed or supplied as part of a sanitary process or operation. In the present context, a sanitary process or operation may comprise events involving deployment of flows of water for flushing / purging of stagnant / sitting water, and disinfection processes in which heated water (eg. about 60-70 degrees Celsius) is supplied to the inlet path 20 and which is diverted or redirected to the egress path 25 for reducing (or, at best, removing) the risk of any relevant bacterial growth (eg. Legionella) developing in areas of the faucet 5 or outlet region 10 that are ordinarily exposed to fluid discharge in normal use. Such sanitary processes / operations can be undertaken according to any desired (regular or irregular) frequency (eg. for compliance with an overarching sanitary regime). The principles underlying the faucet 5 therefore seek to offer advantage in providing a means by which confidence can be increased that water sourced from the faucet 5 is appropriately sanitized and safe for consumption or use.

[0142] In the first operable state S1 (shown in Figure 1), the faucet 5 is operable in ‘normal use’ mode in which a user is able to procure water in the usual manner. Once discharge of water has completed, the outlet region 10 is transitionable to the second operable state S2 in which a sanitary process or operation can be executed as required. When the outlet region 10 is provided in the second operable state S2, portion / region(s) or parts of or operable with the faucet 5 or the outlet region 10 that ordinarily become exposed to, or come into contact with water discharged during ‘normal use’ mode become more fully immersed in, and or in thermal communication with, a deployed / supplied flow of water in accordance with the desired sanitary process / operation. This is due to the outlet region 10 being caused to transition to the second operable state S2 in which the inlet 20 and egress 25 paths are fluidly associated or connected thereby enabling a flow of water to flow / pass through / along both fluid flow paths (20, 25), with regions of the outlet region 10 downstream of the opening 15 assisting in forming the fluid connection. In one form, the fluid association / connection between the inlet 20 and egress 25 paths, in effect, contributes to defining a further fluid flow path in which any portion(s) / region(s) or constituent parts (eg. a flow straightener 170, as shown in Figures 1 and 2) of or arranged operable with the faucet 5 or the outlet region 10 are within and therefore become subject to any sanitizing / disinfecting flow. Fluidly connecting the inlet 20 and egress 25 paths when the outlet region 10 is provided in the second operable state S2 causes water flowing through the inlet path 20 to enter or flow into the egress path 25 and is enabled in the form shown by way of the discharge head 12 operating as a diverter or valve means which is configured operable for diverting water flowing through the inlet path 20 either to the egress path 25 via the outlet region 10 when provided in the second operable state S2, or for discharge from the faucet 5 itself (eg. during normal use) via the outlet region 10 when provided in the first operable state S1.

[0143] Furthermore, heat energy of a disinfecting flow of water is able to thermally promulgate / transfer to surrounding surfaces in contact or in close proximity with one another (when the second operable state S2 is current) that might not become directly subject to the passing sanitizing / disinfecting flow but which are also exposed to or come in contact with discharged water when in normal use mode. In this manner, thermal communicability of heat energy from the sanitizing / disinfecting water flow can still provide a sanitizing / disinfecting function. The functionality provided by the principles described herein contrasts many existing solutions whereby surfaces (usually externally disposed) of taps, spouts or discharge heads (of a faucet or shower unit) that are ordinarily exposed to or in contact with discharged fluid during a normal discharge mode of operation are not subject to any sufficient or acceptable sanitary process / operation.

[0144] The faucet 5 is configured so that the outlet region 10 is transitionable to / from either of the first S1 , second S2 operable states by way of relative movement of the discharge head 12. As will be described in relation to the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 such movement is by way of a hydraulic arrangement using incoming fluid (generally sourced from the incoming ‘cold’ supply line) at about the mains fluid pressure of the system in which the faucet 5 is installed, and triggered / actuated based on sensory inputs (eg. proximity or IR sensor, handle movement sensors, eg. a Hall-effect sensor) received by a suitably programmed controller module. In other embodiments, transition of the discharge head 12 to / from either of the first S1 , second S2 operable states can be enabled by mechanical or mechatronic means, eg. via a driven element 180 (see Figures 3 and 4) or a handle 285 (see Figures 8 and 9) by a user of the faucet 5 via a suitably configured gear box arrangement.

[0145] With reference to Figure 1 , the outlet region 10 is provided as part of the discharge head 12 which is defined by way of a first body 30. In some embodiments, the discharge head 12 may be mounted to the first body 30 so as to be in fixed relation therewith. The first body 30 also defines the inlet path 20 in the form of an internal passage or channel. In some embodiments, the inlet path 20 may fluid connect with the discharge head separate of the first body 30 (see Figures 14 to 16). The first body 30 is configured so that the opening 15 of the outlet region 10 is provided near an end of the first body 30. For the embodiment shown in Figure 1 , the opening 15 is provided adjacent a downstream end of the internal passage of the inlet path 20. The outlet region 10 comprises a passage P provided of generally conical form which, at an upstream end thereof, meets with the downstream end of the inlet path 20. The passage P flares outward as it extends downstream providing an interior facing wall surface 10-1 in the manner shown. As also shown in Figure 1 , the outlet region 10 also comprises surfaces 10-2 residing adjacent or peripheral of the downstream terminal mouth of the passage P. Within the conical like form of the passage P is positioned a flow straightener 170. Consistent with the principles described herein, the surfaces 10-1 , 10-2 of the outlet region 10 are ordinarily exposed to or come in contact with water discharged from the faucet 5 during normal use in the first operable state S1 . As shown in Figure 2, the surfaces 10-1 , 10-2 become directly subjected (eg. immersed) to a flow of water that is provided suitable (as required) for sanitisation / disinfection purposes when the outlet region 10 is in the second operable state S2, thereby enabling the surfaces 10-1 , 10-2, and the flow straightener 170 to be subject to a sanitising / disinfecting event.

[0146] The egress path 25 is defined, at least in part, by a second body 35 in the form of an internal passage or channel. As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the transition of the outlet region 10 to / from either of the first S1 , second S2 operable states is premised by relative movement between the first 30 and second 35 bodies. For the embodiment shown, it will be seen that a neck portion 135 (which carries or hosts the outlet region 10) of the first body 30 is caused to move relative to an annular aperture or opening 145 formed in the second body 35. In this manner, and as described below, the neck portion 135, via movement of the first body 30, is caused to be moved axially through the aperture 145 in delivering the outlet region 10 between the first S1 , second S2 operable states.

[0147] The geometrical form of the first 30 and second 35 bodies is generally circular about respective axes (not shown but readily understood from Figures 1 and 2, and Figures 6 and 7). The second body 35 is positioned substantially concentric / coaxial with first body 30 (the bodies 30, 35 therefore being operable relative one another in a concentric / coaxial manner), whereby the second body 35 is configured having a generally annular shaped interior / internal region or passage like cavity (hereinafter, internal cavity 45) (which includes an interior region 45 and that which assists in defining a chamber 90, described below) configured so as to receive and / or accommodate the first body 30 within a general profile of the second body 35 when the outlet region 10 is provided in the second operable state S2. As shown in Figure 2, the outlet region 10 fluidly connects the inlet 20 and egress 25 paths when provided in the second operable state S2 such that all water flowing through the inlet path 20 is diverted or caused to enter the egress path 25. In the manner shown, the fluid connection between the inlet 20, egress 25 paths operates with the enabling structure / components of the faucet 5 for assisting in fluidly / hydraulically isolating any flow of water through the inlet 20 and egress 25 paths from the ambient surrounds / environs. As such, when a sanitizing / disinfecting cycle is being undertaken (usually involving heated water) prospective users are protected from exposure to potentially scalding fluids. Portions or regions of or adjacent an entrance region of the egress path 25 (eg. shaped portion 38) may cooperate with the outlet region 10 to assist in diverting water into the egress path 25.

[0148] The faucet 5 comprises or is arranged in operable association with a fluid supply arrangement (hereinafter, fluid supply circuit 200) in a manner enabling the inlet path 20 to receive a flow of water. The fluid supply circuit 200 (refer Figure 5) is configured for enabling provision of a flow of water suitable for operation of the faucet 5 when the outlet region 10 is in either of the first S1 or second S2 operable states.

[0149] For the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the first body 30 is ordinarily biased toward the second operable state S2 by way of a suitable biasing means or module provided in the form of a coil spring 40. The coil spring 40 is arranged so as to operate within a space (part of cavity region 45) between a portion 50 of an exterior surface of the first body 30 and a portion 55 of an interior surface of the internal cavity region 45 of the second body 35. Referencing Figures 1 and 2, opposite end portions 60, 65 of the coil spring 40 act against respective corresponding wall portions of the first 30 and second 35 bodies so as to provide the biasing function. In this manner, end portion 60 of the coil spring 40 acts against corresponding wall portion 70 of the second body 35, and end portion 65 of the coil spring 40 acts against corresponding wall portion 75 of the first body 30.

[0150] The first body 30 is arranged so that transition to the first operable state S1 is enabled by a pressure sufficient to overcome the bias provided by way of the coil spring 40. The outlet region 10 comprises or is arranged in operable association with a piston functioning portion against which a volume of fluid acts for moving the first body 30 so as to enable its transition of the outlet region 10 to the first operable state S1. For the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, development of the required pressure to overcome the bias of the coil spring 40 is due to a hydraulic arrangement that is enabled by a chamber 90 defined between a wall 80 of an end 85 of the first body 30 and a wall 82 of a mounting body or closure element 100 (used to mount the faucet 5 at any desired mounting location of a target installation) that securably connects with an end 94 of the second body 35. It will be appreciated that the second body 35 and the mounting body or closure element 100 could be formed as a single piece. With reference to Figure 2, the wall 80 provides structure against which water may act or bear under pressure for providing a piston like function operating to move the first body 30 (and therefore the outlet region 10) so as to provide the outlet region 10 at the first operable state S1 . As shown in Figure 1 , on transition from the second operable state S2 to the first operable state S1 , water (which is sourced from the available mains supply) is caused to enter the chamber 90 via a fluid passage 92 that is defined by the mounting body 100. In the form shown, water enters the chamber 90 via fluid passage 92 by way of a controller means or module that, on receipt of an appropriate signal (eg. manual actuation by a user operated handle (eg. sensed using a Hall-effect sensor or limit switches) or a sensed input from an IR or proximity sensor) operates a valve or diverter means or module (see fluid diverter means 238 in Figure 5) that diverts normal system fluid at about mains pressure to fill the chamber 90. Increasing fluid entering the chamber 90 increases the pressure applied to the wall 80 so as to overcome the pressure / bias applied by the coil spring 40 thereby moving the first body 30 axially away or outward from the internal cavity region 45 of the second body 35. On cessation of use of the outlet region 10 in the first operable state S1 , fluid pressure applied to the wall 80 is removed and the bias of the coil spring 40 moves the first body 30 back to the second operable state S2 shown in Figure 2. In this manner, the first body 30 and its linear / axial movement relative the second body 35 operates as a diverter means for diverting or re / directing fluid from the inlet path 20 into the egress path 25 when in the second operable state S2, or otherwise when in the first operable state S1 .

[0151] Sealing elements provided in the form of O-rings, lip seals or similar are used to seal various regions of the faucet 5. The chamber 90 is fluidly isolated from the internal cavity region 45 by way of O-ring (lip seal or similar) 104a sitting within an annular recess 115a formed in the exterior facing wall of the first body 30 a distance inward of the wall 80 so as to operate between the first 30 and second 35 bodies as shown. The chamber 90 is fluidly isolated from external environs by way of O-ring (lip seal or similar) 104b positioned within an annular recess 115b formed in the mounting body 100 so as to operate between the second body 35 and the mounting body 100 as shown.

[0152] The inlet path 20 is fluidly isolated from the chamber 90 in either of the first S1 , second S2 operable states by way of a conduit 120, which is mounted or carried by the mounting body or closure element 100. The conduit 120 enables fluid connection with a fluid supply circuit 200 (see Figure 5) and an O- ring (lip seal or similar) 104c that sits in an annular recess 115c formed within an interior wall of the inlet path 20 passage. Transitioning of the first body 30 between first S1 and second S2 operable states while maintaining or preserving fluid communication between the fluid supply circuit 200 and the inlet path 20 is due to relative or sliding movement allowed between the conduit 120 and the inlet path 20. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a first end 125 of the conduit 120 is mounted with the mounting body 100 and a second end 130 of the conduit 120 inserts within the inlet path 20 passage. In the embodiment shown, a downstream end of the conduit 120 fluidly connects with a source of fluid for supplying fluid to the inlet path 20.

[0153] With reference to Figure 1 , when the outlet region 10 is in the normal use mode (S1), the chamber 45 is fluidly isolated from the external environs / surrounds by way of O-ring (lip seal or similar) 104d that assembles so as to operate between an annular step 132 formed at an interior end of the neck portion 135 of the first body 30 and an interior facing chamfered edge 140 of the annular aperture 145 (of circular form) formed in the second body 35 and through which the neck portion 135 of the first body 30 moves axially when transitioning between the first S1 , second S2 operable states. As shown, the annular aperture 145 opens to ambient environs / surrounds.

[0154] With reference to Figure 2, when the first body 30 is in the second operable state S2, the chamber 45 is flu idly / hyd ra u lica lly isolated from the external environs / surrounds by way of O-ring (lip seal or similar) 104e that assembles at an exterior end of the neck portion 135 of the outlet region 10 so as to operate between an interior disposed surface portion 150 of an end stop 155 of the first body 30 and an exterior facing chamfered edge 160 adjacent the annular aperture 145 of the second body 35. This sealing arrangement operates to help facilitate fluid or hydraulic isolation of the inlet 20 and egress 25 paths from the ambient environs / surrounds so that substantially all fluid of a sanitizing / disinfecting event may flow from the inlet 20 path into the egress 25 path when the outlet region 10 is in the second operable state S2 so as to help prevent heated water spraying into the external environs (under pressure) and risking scalding a nearby prospective user during a disinfection process.

[0155] As shown in Figures 2 and 6, the end stop 155 is of circular form and configured with projection 158 so as to register (eg. via threaded engagement) with a recess 165 formed in the distal end of the first body 30 as shown. The end stop 155 is configured so as to overlap with the exterior surface of the exterior end of the second body 35 adjacent the annular aperture 145 as shown in Figure 2.

[0156] The first 30, second 35 bodies are formed from an appropriately thermally conductive materials so as to improve thermal communication between a flow of heated water moving through the inlet path 20 into the egress path 25 when the outlet region 10 is in the second operable state S2 (for flushing / disinfection purposes), with one or more portion / region(s) or part(s) of or arranged operable with the faucet 5 or the outlet region 10 ordinarily exposed to water discharge when in normal use mode. In this manner, surfaces or regions of or operable with the faucet 5 or the outlet region 10 that might not be directly exposed to heated water flow when the outlet region 10 is in the second operable state S2, become thermally exposed to the heat associated with that heated flow of water due to, at least in part, the close proximity / contacting nature of the assembly arrangement of the components and their associated surfaces when the first body 30 is in the second operable state S2. As such, promulgation or transfer of the associated thermal energy of the heated flow operates to sanitise / disinfect such surfaces. The skilled reader will appreciate the nature and specification of the materials from which the first 30 and second 35 bodies could be formed from (or any part / component of the faucet 5), eg. metallic materials appropriate for use in hygienic applications and / or which have non-corrosive characteristics, such as brass, lead safe brass, stainless steel, which may be pairable with other materials. For the embodiments described herein, some components (eg. flow straighteners 170, 317 described below, such as aerators) may be formed from an appropriate (eg. hygiene safe, thermally resistant etc) plastic.

[0157] Figures 1 and 2 show a flow straightener 170 (which could be provided in the form of, for example, an aerator) positioned within the outlet region 10 adjacent the opening 15 for discharge flow / stream aeration. In other embodiments, the outlet region 10 may comprise or be arranged in operable association with any of the following that can be positioned at or near the opening 15 either upstream or downstream thereof: a flow regulator, a filter, a shower rose, a hoses, a hand shower, a diffuser, a flow straightener, a non-return valve. Accordingly, such components, when installed within the profile of the outlet region 10, or are provided in thermal communication therewith, become subject to a sanitizing / disinfecting water flow when the outlet region 10 is in the second operable state S2.

[0158] Figures 3 and 4 show an embodiment 5’ that is a variation of the faucet 5 shown in Figures 1 and 2. Reference numerals of like features are retained for convenience of description. The substantive difference between both faucet embodiments 5, 5’ is in the way the first body 30 is transitioned between the first S1 , second S2 operable states. Rather than using the hydraulic arrangement described above, embodiment 5’ employs a generally mechanical arrangement to achieve the same functionality. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the first body 30 is transitionable between operable states S1 , S2 in response to movement of a driven element 180. In the form shown, the driven element 180 has a body of rod-like form and is arranged so as to be driven at an end 181 by an electric motor (not shown in Figures 3, 4) so as to be rotatable about an axis Y in clockwise and counter-clockwise directions. Each rotational direction of movement corresponds with a linear movement of the first body 30 to / toward a respective operable state. Directional movement of the driven element 180, and / or linear advancement of the first body 30, can be sensed using any rotational position sensor, Halleffect sensor, limit or micro switches etc.

[0159] The mounting body 100 provides a through passage 182 formed so as to receive the driven element 180 such that an end 183 of its rod-like body projects, on assembly, through the chamber 90 and engages with a blind hole 184 extending inward of the end wall 80 of the first body 30 as shown. The driven element 180 is mounted with mounting body 100 in a manner enabling rotation about the axis Y but constraining or limiting of any linear / axial movement along the axis Y. As shown in Figure 4, this is achieved by the driven element 180 being provided with an annular projection or step 186 which assembles between an interior facing end wall of the passage 182 and an interior facing side of a closure 184 that threadedly attaches with the interior wall of the passage 182 (adjacent its mouth / opening) so as to removably confine the driven element 180 in position.

[0160] Broadly, the driven element 180 threadedly engages (via its end 183) with the blind hole 184. Accordingly, transition of the first body 30 to the first operable state S1 is by way of the rotation of the driven element 180 about the axis Y while linear movement along the axis Y is substantially restrained. The threaded engagement between the driven element 180 and the blind hole 184, whether right or left hand, will determine which rotational direction corresponds with movement of the first body 30 to a respective operable state.

[0161] It will be appreciated that embodiments of the faucets 5, 5’ can be arranged where the first body 30 (carrying / defining the inlet path 20) remains stationary, and the second body 35 (carrying / defining the egress path 25) is caused to move relative to the first body 30 in order to transition the outlet 10 between the first S1 and second S2 operable states. In this manner, embodiments of the faucets 5, 5’ can be arranged where the relative operations of the first 30 and second 35 bodies are, in effect, inverted but provide equivalent functionality consistent with the present disclosure.

[0162] As the skilled reader will readily appreciate, the second body 35 can be configured so as to operate in a similar manner as shown for the faucets 5, 5’ in Figures 1 and 4, where connection of the egress path 25 can be by way of an equivalent arrangement involving a conduit (120) being configured to have a sliding engagement with the egress path 25 for preserving fluid connection with a drainage means. Furthermore, actuation or movement of the second body 35 could be arranged in a similar manner as shown and described for faucets 5, 5’, whereby the second body 35 can be actuated by way of a hydraulic arrangement shown in Figures 3 for faucet 5, or using a mechanised system as shown in Figure 4. The skilled reader would readily appreciate that the principles shown and described in relation to faucets 5, 5’, for enabling fluid connection with the egress path 25’ and actuation / movement of the first body 30 can be readily applied for embodiments where movement / actuation of the second body 35 is desired.

[0163] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a fluid supply circuit 200 arranged operable with the faucet 5, 5’ embodiments of Figures 1 and 2. As will be seen in Figure 5, the fluid supply circuit 200 employs a range of fluid / flow control components in order to provide water to the faucet 5 for operation in the first S1 and second S2 operable states. Such componentry includes active or passive flow control means (eg. solenoids 232), flow restricting means (eg. flow regulators 234), single way valve means (eg. non-return or check valves 236), fluid diverting means (238), and fluid mixing means (eg. exemplified in the present embodiment by way of a thermostatic mixing valve / cartridge or TMV 240, but could be a standard mixing valve). The skilled reader would appreciate that many existing and / or known / standard fluid flow control components can be arranged in many ways to provide a fluid architecture for achieving a desired outcome. Accordingly, the fluid architecture of the fluid supply circuit 200 shown in Figure 5 and described below is considered only one solution for achieving the desired outcome in the context of the principles described herein. The skilled reader will appreciate that many different variations will be possible depending on what functionality is required. Similar applies to the fluid supply circuit 400 shown in Figure 12 and described below.

[0164] The fluid supply circuit 200 comprises a controller module C which is configured operable with various of the fluid flow control components and sensors (described below) for causing and / or managing various operations, such as for example: (i) transition of the outlet region 10 to / from either of the first S1 , second S2 operable states, (ii) provision of a flow of water to the inlet path 20 when the outlet region 10 is in the first operable state S1 , (iii) provision of a flow of water suitable for a sanitary process / operation, such as flushing or disinfection (eg. heated fluid), to the inlet path 20 when the outlet region 10 is in the second operable state S2. As noted above, and shown in Figure 5, visual indication of the operational status of any of these can be provided.

[0165] The controller module C is configured operable for causing and / or managing operation of the fluid supply circuit 200 in accordance with one or more operating procedure(s) that it is programmed or instructed to execute, such as for example, sanitary / disinfection specific processes or operations or overarching regimes by way of suitable electronic circuitry and storage means (eg. hard / flash drive, RAM, ROM, etc). For example, the controller module C is configurable so as to, when the outlet region 10 is provided in the second operable state S2, cause / initiate, in accordance with any relevant operating procedure(s), a flow of water suitable for flushing / purging or disinfection purposes (eg. a suitably heated flow of water) to the inlet path 20 and / or one or more constituent portions / elements that comprise the fluid supply circuit 200 (as will be described below by way of example). The skilled reader will appreciate that the controller module C is configurable in operable association with any of the fluid flow control componentry shown in Figure 5 so as to carry out desired sanitary processes / regimes that the controller module C is programmed with.

[0166] The controller module C is configurable in operable association with any number of sensor modules (examples outlined below) that are (or can be) arranged about various locations of the fluid supply circuit 200 (eg. any of the fluid conduits, flow control componentry etc) and / or the relevant faucet embodiments (5, 5’) which are used to help inform as to operational performance. In some installations, for example, where multiple faucets / fluid supply circuits arranged in accordance with the present principles are installed in a network or array like manner (eg. various hospital environments), the controller module C may be arrangeable in operable association with a broader computer network (see Figure 18) via which the controller module C can be interfaced with for monitoring, controlling, and / or providing / modifying operational instruction (s) relating to the operational performance of the relevant of the faucet embodiments (5, 5’) that are operable with the fluid supply circuit 200.

[0167] As reflected in Figure 5, the skilled reader will appreciate that the faucet 5 and or the fluid supply circuit 200 may comprise or be arranged in operable association with any of the following sensor modules: temperature sensor, flow rate sensor, flow switch, an infra-red (IR) sensor, a proximity or rotational position sensor, a micro switch or like sensor, a Hall-effect sensor, a pressure sensor or suitable pressure transducer, a bio film sensor, a near field communication (NFC) sensor. Any such sensor modules may be positioned at any of the following locations: (i) at, near or within any portion of the outlet region 10 or the opening 15, upstream or downstream therefrom, (ii) at, near, or within any portion of the inlet 20 or egress 25 paths, upstream or downstream therefrom, (iii) at, near, or within any portion of the first 30 or second 35 bodies, upstream or downstream therefrom, (iv) at, near, or within any portion / part of any constituent component comprising the fluid supply circuit 200, upstream or downstream therefrom, (v) at, near, or within any portion of any constituent component of a fluid network with which the relevant faucet is arranged operable, upstream or downstream therefrom. Any such sensors modules may be configured operable with the controller module C for receiving information for use in the management of the operation of the faucet 5 and / or the fluid supply circuit 200 when the outlet region 10 is in either of the first S1 , second S2 operable states.

[0168] The skilled reader will appreciate that provision of a diverse range of sensory inputs to the controller module C at a diverse range of potential positions / locations of the faucet 5 and the relevant fluid supply circuit 200 for use in informing operation of actively controllable fluid control / regulation componentry provides extensive opportunity for increasing operational utility for any intended installation application and sanitary regime to be complied with (eg. hospital installations where sanitary regimes can be significantly comprehensive). In one respect, the principles described herein seek to provide a ‘smart’ system having increased flexibility and operational reliability for application to any target environment (eg. hospital, airports, corporate buildings).

[0169] Having regard again to Figure 5, the fluid supply circuit 200 receives non-heated (hereinafter, ‘cold’ line) and heated (hereinafter, ‘hot’ line) fluids via respective fluid paths 242, 244. The cold 242 and hot 244 lines are provided in-circuit with respective non-return or check valves 236a, 236b. The cold line 242 fluidly connects with the cold inlet of the TMV 240. Likewise, the hot line 244 fluidly connects with the hot inlet of the TMV 240. An outlet of the TMV 240 is in fluid communication with the inlet path 20 of the faucet 5, via a sub-circuit 254, so as to provide mixed water thereto.

[0170] At node 246, the hot line 244 bifurcates for providing a diversion or redirection via sub-circuit 248 of hot water to the cold line 242. Sub-circuit 248 comprises a flow regulation means 235 for ensuring flow is unidirectional (which could employ a solenoid 232 and / or a no return valve 236). Sub-circuit 248 engages with the cold line 242 via the fluid diverter means 238 which is operable for diverting water from the hot line 244 to the TMV 240. Operation of the fluid diverter means 238 reduces or substantially closes (in all relevant respects) the cold line 242 downstream to the TMV 240 thereby ensuring that, to the extent possible, only water (or a significant component thereof) from the hot line 244 is diverted toward the TMV 240. In this manner, when the outlet region 10 is in the second operable state S2, and when required (based on, for example, a relevant sanitary regime / process), flow of hot water can be directed to flow in the cold line and into the TMV 240 as a part of a sanitary process thereby subjecting the portion of the cold line 242 upstream of, and leading into, the TMV 240 to a sanitising / disinfecting flow. In this manner, the TMV 240 can be sanitised as desired / required for compliance with a relevant sanitary requirement applicable to the installation of the relevant faucet (5) and fluid supply circuit 200 configured consistent with the principles described herein.

[0171] At node 250, the cold line 242 bifurcates for diverting cold line 242 water, via sub-circuit 252, to the passage 92 of the faucet 5 for filling chamber 90 when the outlet region 10 is to be transitioned to the first operable state S1 for normal use operation. Sub-circuit 252 comprises the solenoid valve 232a downstream of the node 250 and operable on instruction by the controller module C. Branching off sub-circuit 252 downstream of the solenoid 232a is sub-circuit 253 which operates as a pressure relief arrangement 257 (which could comprise a flow restrictor 234 and / or solenoid 235 as needed) when draining of the chamber 90 is required for transitioning the outlet region 10 to the second operable state S2 (by way of coil spring 40). Sub-circuit 253 fluidly connects, at node 259, with the sub-circuit 263 which follows from the egress path 25 and flow to drainage as shown. Downstream of node 259 in sub-circuit 263 is a sensing arrangement 261 which can comprise a moisture and or temperature sensor operably connected with the controller module C for sensing the temperature of the water egressed to drainage.

[0172] As an example of one operational solution, the fluid supply circuit 200 is arranged operable in three modes: standby mode, normal use mode (enabling normal discharge of fluid for a user), and disinfection mode (during which any of a wide range of sanitary cycles / regimes may be performed) of any desired frequency / time format.

[0173] In standby mode, the faucet 5 resides in the second operable state S2. The flow regulation means 235 is operated so as to close sub-circuit 248 preventing water from the hot line 244 entering the cold line 242. The diverting means 238 is operated so as to enable water from the cold line 242 to enter the TMV 240. The solenoid 232b is closed for preventing mixed fluid output from the TMV 240 entering the inlet path 20. The solenoid 232a is operated to close sub-circuit 252 preventing water entering the chamber 90. The pressure relief mechanism 257 is operated to open sub-circuit 253 enabling fluid passage to drainage as shown.

[0174] Normal use mode is triggered on the controller module C receiving an input (for example, via an IR sensor) that a user is wishing to access water from the faucet 5. Flow regulation means 235 is actively closed (if applicable) to ensure no flow from the hotline 244 enters the cold line 242. The diverting means 238 is operated so as to enable cold line water 242 to flow to the TMV 240. The solenoid 232b is opened allowing (mixed hot / cold) water from the TMV 240 to enter the inlet path 20. The solenoid 232a is opened and pressure relief arrangement 257 is operated to close sub-circuit 253 for enabling water from the cold line 242 to flow through sub-circuit 252 for filling the chamber 90 (thereby transitioning the outlet region 10 to the first operable state S1).

[0175] On completion of the normal use mode, controller module C operates the solenoid valve 232a to close off incoming flow from the cold line 242, and operating the pressure relief arrangement 257 for opening sub-circuit 253 thereby removing flow pressure (ie. standard mains pressure) and allowing the coil spring 40 to bias the outlet region 10 back to the second operable state S2 for causing water in the chamber 90 to egress to drainage as shown via sub-circuit 253.

[0176] In disinfection mode, the flow regulation means 235 is operated so as to open sub-circuit 248 for enabling water from the hot line 244 to enter the cold line 242. The diverting means 238 is configured operable so as to (i) prevent water received by the cold line 242 advancing beyond the diverting means 238 to the TMV 240, and (ii) enable water from the hot line 244 to be received by the cold line 242 for diversion to the TMV 240. The solenoid 232b is operated so as to open sub-circuit 254 enabling (entirely hot line) water from the TMV 240 entering the inlet path 20. The solenoid 232a is operated to close sub-circuit 252 preventing (for safety purposes) water entering the chamber 90. The pressure relief mechanism 257 is operated to open sub-circuit 253 enabling fluid passage to drainage as shown.

[0177] It will be appreciated that the faucet embodiment 5’ could be operated by the fluid supply circuit 200 with minor modification (not shown in Figure 5) to account for operation of an electric motor (which avoids the need for sub-circuit 252). Instead, controller module C is configurable to operate an electric motor for driving the driven element 180 when transitioning the outlet region 10 between the first S1 , second S2 operable states.

[0178] The controller module C is configurable so that information received from any of the sensor modules enables determination of an operating state or condition such as, for example, any of the following (non-exhaustively): whether the outlet region 10 is in the first S1 or second S2 operable state, whether a flushing or disinfection event is in progress or completed, existence of one or more affirmative or negative performance characteristics (eg. performance errors) of the faucet 5 (eg. whether there is no water flow in either of the inlet 20, egress 25 paths) and / or the related fluid supply circuit 200, usage frequency of the faucet 5. Indication of any performance characteristics (negative or positive) can be registered with the controller module C for interrogation / control purposes (for example, by a system overseer) in real-time or otherwise (eg. via a cloud-based network communicative arrangement). The control module C may be programmed to use any of the performance characteristics to make corrective adjustments to any of the actively controllable componentry that it has operational jurisdiction over. Suitable visual indication can be provided to a user via, for example, status indicators such as LEDs 272, as shown in Figures 6 to 9 (eg. LCD or interactive displays could also be used). The controller module C could also be configurable so as to involve Al processes to inform such corrective action.

[0179] The controller module C is configurable so that information received from any of the sensor modules enables facilitation of any of the following events: (i) transition of the outlet region 10 to / from either of the first S1 or second S2 operable states, (ii) supply of a flow of water for discharge from the opening 15 of the outlet region 10 when in the first operable state S1 , (iii) supply of a flow of water to the inlet path 20 for purging, flushing or disinfection purposes when the outlet region 10 is in the second operable state S2, (iv) supply of a flow of water through a portion of the fluid supply circuit 200 for flushing or disinfection of one or more constituent components (eg. TMV cartridge 240) of the fluid supply circuit 200 when the outlet region 10 is in the second operable state S2, (v) supply of the flow of water in respect of any of (i) to (iv) for a predetermined period of time, (vi) supply of the flow of water in respect of any of (i) to (iv) in accordance with a predetermined supply frequency, (vii) indication of a previous, current, or future status of operation of the faucet 5 (eg. various warning(s) during disinfection period(s), errors, temperature etc.), (viii) a diagnostic function, (ix) indication of operating performance deficiencies (e.g. errors or error codes) of the faucet 5, which may or may not be informed, at least in part, by operation of the diagnostic function of (viii), (x) communication with external monitoring or control system(s). Figures 6 and 7 show an example exemplification 260 (eg. developed for commercial purposes) of faucet / tapware employing the embodiment of the faucet 5 shown in Figures 1 and 2 (but could also employ embodiment s’). For the exemplification 260 shown, actuation of a transition of the outlet region 10 to the first operable state S1 (shown in Figure 6) is by way of an infra-red (IR) sensor 265 sensing infrared radiation (eg. from a human in proximity of the sensor 5) thereby triggering (via a suitable control module and related electronic circuitry) movement (whether by way of the hydraulic arrangement described above in relation to the faucet 5, or by way of the mechanical arrangement described above in relation to the faucet 5’) of the outlet region 10 to the first operable state S1. In this manner, operation of the outlet region 10 to the first operable state S1 is driven based on the sensing operation of the sensor 265.

[0180] Figures 8 and 9 show another example exemplification 280 (eg. developed for commercial purposes) in which movement of the outlet region 10 to the first operable state S1 is triggered by way of manual actuation of a handle 285. Broadly, for the embodiment 5 employing the hydraulic arrangement described above, rotation of the handle 285 by a user (which rotation can be sensed, for example, using rotational position sensors, limit switches, Hall-effect sensor, or proximity sensor), the outlet region 10 transitions between the operable states S1 , S2. It will be appreciated that rotation of the handle 285 by a user could be configured to trigger operation of the mechanical arrangement (on a suitably programmed control module and related electronic circuitry operating an electric motor to rotate the driven element 180) described in relation to the faucet 5’ for transitioning to the first operable state S1 , or the hydraulic arrangement described above. Movement to the second operable state S2 is on the controller module C determining (eg. based on sensory input) reverse movement of the handle 285 by the user.

[0181] For both embodiments shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8, 9, respective housings 270, 290 are provided that encapsulate / surround the relevant operable components, and provide support for any visual indicators of an operational status (eg. LED lights, 272), manually actuable actuators (ie. handles), and / or the relevant electronics / sensor modules and associated electronic circuitry. Visual indicators can be configured to indicate any operational status considered necessary for the intended application. For example, LEDs could be provided to indicate whether the faucet is ready for normal discharge, when in the second operable state S2, and / or whether a sanitary process is in progress.

[0182] Figures 10 and 11 show another embodiment of a fluid discharge arrangement embodied in accordance with the principles described herein in the form of tapware or a faucet (hereinafter, faucet 305). Like reference numerals are retained for ease of description. The faucet 305 comprises an outlet region 10 operable with an opening 15, which outlet region 10 is provided as part of a spout or discharge head 312. The outlet region 10 is arranged so as to be operable in first S1 and second S2 states of operation. The faucet 305 further comprises inlet 20 and egress 25 paths. The inlet path 20 is configured for receiving a flow of water for supply to the outlet region 10 by way of which water is dischargeable (indicated as discharge flow D in Figure 10) when the outlet region 10 is provided in the first operable state S1 . The egress path 25 is configured for receiving a flow of water (indicated as egress flow E in Figure 11) when the outlet region 10 is provided in the second operable state S2 (shown in Figure 11). The provision of the outlet region 10 in the second operable state S2 is configured so as to fluidly connect the inlet 20 and egress 25 paths in a manner enabling one or more portion(s) / region(s) or constituent parts (eg. an aerator module) of or arranged operable with the faucet 305 or the outlet region 10 (which portion / regions or part(s) may be, for example, upstream and or downstream from, about, adjacent, or along the opening 15), that are exposed to or come into contact with water discharged when the outlet region 10 is in the first operable state S2, to become in fluid and or thermal communication with a flow of water deployed for sanitary purposes as described above.

[0183] With reference to Figure 10, the discharge head 312 is provided by generally spherical shaped body

[0184] 311 having a passage 313 which extends inward of the spherical form along an axis U. An interior disposed side of the spherical body 311 is configured so as to connect with an end of an elongate tube 316, which tube 316 assembles within a passage 318 defined by a body 322 such that the tube

[0185] 316 is rotatable about the axis T in the manner shown in Figures 10 and 11. A passage 319 is provided internal of the tube 316 which defines the inlet path 20, and along which incoming water is supplied to the outlet region 10. The tube 316 is connected with a rotary union arrangement R which provides a seal between a stationary fluid supply passage (a source of fluid, not shown in Figures 10 and 11 but indicated by “S”) and a rotating part (tube 316 via operation of motor M) to permit the flow of fluid into the passage 319 of the tube 316 enabling water to flow along the inlet path 20. The skilled reader will be familiar with the function of rotary unions.

[0186] For the embodiment shown in Figure 10, the opening 15 is provided adjacent a downstream end of the passage 319 of the inlet path 20. The outlet region 10 comprises the passage 313 which provides an interior facing wall surface 10-1 in the manner shown. Within the passage 313 is positioned a flow straightener 317 (which could be provided in the form of, for example, an aerator). The surface 10-1 of the passage 313 (and any surface(s) adjacent thereto) is ordinarily exposed to or comes in contact with water discharged from the faucet 305 during normal use (operable state S1). As described above in relation to the faucet 5, the fluid connection between the inlet 20 and egress 25 paths, in effect, contributes to defining a further fluid flow path in which any portion(s) / region(s) or constituent parts (eg. the aerator 370) of or arranged operable with the faucet 5 or the outlet region 10 are within and therefore become subject to any sanitizing / disinfecting flow of water. As shown in Figure 11 , the surfaces of parts / components (eg. the surface of the wall of the passage 313 and the surface(s) of parts of the aerator 370) denoted generally by reference 10-1 become directly subjected to a flow of water suitable for sanitisation / disinfection purposes when the outlet region 10 is in the second operable state S2 thereby enabling the surfaces 10-1 to be subjected to a sanitising / disinfecting event (eg. appropriate flow of water).

[0187] The tube 316 is formed providing a neck portion 340 that engages with a recess 342 (eg. in a threaded manner) formed in the spherical body 311 in a manner that brings both the discharge head

[0188] 312 and the tube 316 into fixed relation with each other as shown. In this manner, the discharge head 312 is caused to follow rotation of the tube 316 about axis T. The recess 313 is configured to provide an opening 314 which fluidly communicates or registers with the passage 319 regardless of the operable state that the discharge head 312 is in. The opening 314 is formed so as to be substantially concentric / coaxial with the passage 319 enabling fluid from the inlet path 20 to flow into the recess 313. For the embodiment of the faucet 305 shown, the recess 313 accommodates a flow straightener

[0189] 317 (which could be provided in the form of, for example, an aerator) In one form, the discharge head 312 is or derives from a three-way ball valve.

[0190] An upstream end of the passage 319 or tube 316 is operable with a fluid connection means (eg. rotary union arrangement R for the embodiment shown) which fluidly connects the passage 319 or tube 316 with a source of fluid irrespective of the rotational movement of the tube 316 when moving between the first S1 and S2 second operable states. In this manner, fluid can be supplied to the passage 319 or tube 316 as required or appropriate depending on which of the operable states S1 , S2 is in operation. Such a fluid connection means may comprise a circumferential aperture formed in the tube 316 of sufficient dimension (eg. about the axis of the tube 316) that fluidly communicates with a manifold that seals with the exterior of the tube rod about the aperture. In another manner, the tube 316 or passage 319 is placed in rotatable relation with an adapter that is fluidly connected with the passage 319 or tube 316 so that fluid can be supplied from a source of fluid to the passage 319.

[0191] Sealing elements provided in the form of O-rings (eg. lip seal or similar) 324a, 324b sit within respective annular recesses 326a, 326b formed in the exterior facing wall of the tube 316 so as to seal with the interior facing wall of the passage 318 in the manner shown in Figure 10. The sealing elements 324a, 324b also serve to provide a means for guiding rotation of the tube 316 within the passage 319.

[0192] The body 322 is formed so as to provide an internal cavity region 328 in which the spherical body 311 of the discharge head 312 is assembled and allowed to rotate within when transitioning between the first S1 and second S2 operable states. The body 322 is formed so as to define a passage 332 which provides the egress path 25. A closure element 334 of annular form is provided in threaded engagement with an edge region of an opening 336 of the internal cavity region 328 so as to enable the spherical body 311 to be assembled therein appropriately. During a normal discharge operation (S1), surface portions (for example, surfaces 10-3 shown in Figures 10 and 11) of the closure element 334 (being a constituent part or component of the faucet 305) may become exposed to (or come into contact with) discharged water. As such, consistent with the principles described herein, during a disinfection process, thermal energy from a heated flow of water through the inlet path 20 and passing into the egress path 25 thermally communicates thermal energy to the closure element 334 via the generally close / proximal or contacting nature of the assembly of the components so as to enable thermal communication between / across the relevant componentry for thermally loading such exposed surface portions of the closure element 334 for sanitising / disinfection purposes. A gasket and guide assembly 338 is provided opposite the closure element 334 with the spherical body 311 residing therebetween as shown in Figure 10. Both the closure 334 and spacer 338 elements are configured or shaped on their respective interior facing surfaces so as to accommodate movement of the spherical form of the discharge head 312 during rotation.

[0193] Broadly, and with reference again to Figures 10 and 11 , the faucet 305 is configured operable so that transitioning of the outlet region 10 to / from the first S1 , second S2 operable states is enabled by way of the discharge head 312 being rotated or rotatable about the axis T. Rotation of the discharge head 312 is by way of an electric motor (not shown) arranged so as to rotate the tube 316 about the axis T, the operation of which is by way of a suitably programmed controller module (with related electronics / circuitry). In one form, if in the second operable state S2, rotation of the discharge head 312 to the first operable state S1 is triggered by an input received from a sensor (eg. a proximity or IR sensor) that detects a user wanting to use the faucet 305. The converse approach is also configurable (eg. any such approach can be driven by energy usage concerns). In this manner, the discharge head 312 and its rotation operates as a diverter means for diverting or directing fluid from the inlet path 20 into the egress path 25 when in the second operable state S2, or otherwise when in the first operable state S1. As shown across Figures 10 and 11 , the first S1 and second S2 operable states of the outlet region 10 are angularly spaced from one another, at about 180 degrees. Embodiments could be formed where rotation of the discharge head 312 could be about 90 degrees. The skilled reader will appreciate that other angles could be possible. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the angular spacing could vary as required for a specific application, and, for example, be driven by development processes operating to optimize a performance of a particular embodiment (for a specific application of use).

[0194] Rotational movement of the discharge head 312 could be achieved by mechanical means by way of a user manipulating a handle portion 485 (as shown in Figure 13B) that is operably associated with the discharge head 312 via a suitable gearbox arrangement. Figure 13B shows a perspective view of an example exemplification 480 (eg. developed for commercial purposes) of faucet / tapware employing the embodiment of the faucet 305 shown in Figures 10 and 11 . Broadly, rotation of the handle 485 by a user results in the discharge head 312 transitioning to one of the operable states S1 , S2. On reverse rotation of the handle 485, the discharge head 312 will be caused to transition back to the second operable state S2.

[0195] In other forms, it will be appreciated that the objective accomplished by the rotational movement of the discharge head 312 could be realised by it being caused to be moveable in, for example, a linear manner axially along the axis T.

[0196] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a fluid supply circuit 400 operable with the faucet 305 of Figures 10 and 11 , and the faucet 505 (which is a variation of the faucet 305) shown in Figures 14 to 16 and described below. The fluid supply circuit 400 shares many of the attributes (active / passive flow control devices, sensor modules, visual indicating means, and related controlling modules with related electronics / circuitry) of the fluid circuit 200 shown in Figure 5 and described above. As noted above in relation to the fluid circuit 200 shown in Figure 5, the fluid architecture of the fluid supply circuit 400 shown in Figure 12 and described below is considered only one solution for achieving the desired outcome in the context of the principles described herein. The skilled reader will appreciate that many different variations will be possible depending on what functionality is required.

[0197] The fluid supply circuit 400 receives cold (hereinafter, ‘cold’ line) and heated (hereinafter, ‘hot’ line) water via respective fluid paths 442, 444. The cold 442 and hot 444 lines are provided in-circuit with respective solenoid valves 432a, 432b operable by the controller module C for enabling / preventing flow through the respective cold 442, hot 444 lines as might be required. At node 449, upstream of solenoid 432b, the hot line 444 bifurcates providing a diversion / redirection of hot water to the cold line 442 via sub-circuit 448. Sub-circuit 448 comprises a solenoid valve 432c and engages with the cold line 442 at a node 453 downstream of the solenoid 432a. As will be described below, solenoid 432a is operable to close the cold line 442 when in disinfection mode. The solenoid valve 432c is operable by the controller module C during a sanitising / disinfection cycle for diverting water from the hot line 444 to the cold inlet of a mixing means / module (in this case, a thermostatic mixing valve or TMV 440, but a standard mixing valve could be used) during a disinfection cycle. It will be appreciated that any number of fluid flow components (eg. solenoids) can be used as a situation may require.

[0198] The solenoid 432b of the hot line 444 fluidly connects with the TMV 440 for supplying hot water to a hot water inlet of the TMV 440. At node 446, the cold line 442 bifurcates into sub-circuits 447a, 447b each fluidly linking with respective solenoids 432d, 432e as shown (for the present case, one of solenoids 432d, 432e is configurable so as to be open (ie. opening sub-circuit 447a), and the alternate is configurable so as to be deactivated (ie. closing sub-circuit 447b)). The downstream sides of the solenoids 432d, 432e fluidly connect with the TMV 440 in a manner that enables hot water to enter or surround (eg. by way of filling a housing that surrounds or encapsulates the TMV 440) any part of the TMV 440 so that it can be subject to a sanitising / disinfecting water flow (which could include fluidly connecting one of the downstream sides of the solenoids 432d, 432e with the cold-water inlet of the TMV 440). The outlet of the TMV 440 fluidly connects with the solenoid 432f which in turn fluidly connects with the inlet path 20 via sub-circuit 451 .

[0199] The fluid supply circuit 400 is arranged operable in two modes: normal use mode (enabling normal discharge of water for a user), and disinfection mode (during which any of a wide range of sanitary cycles / regimes may be performed).

[0200] In normal use mode, the faucet 305 resides in the second operable state S2. The solenoids 432a, 432b are operated to open conditions for allowing incoming respective cold, hot water. The solenoid 432c is operated to close sub-circuit 448. The solenoid 432d is operated to open sub-circuit 447a, and the solenoid 432e is operated to close the sub-circuit 447b. The solenoid 432f is operated to enable flow via sub-circuit 451 to the inlet path 20 but serves as a safety measure enabling active closure of the sub-circuit 451 in the event an error occurs during a disinfection cycle. In other possible forms, it will be appreciated that solenoid 432f could be omitted on the basis that solenoids 432a, 432b can be configurable as the primary controls of water flow.

[0201] Operation in normal use mode is triggered on the controller module C receiving an input that a user is wishing to access water from the faucet 305 (eg, via an IR sensor in one form, but the skilled reader will appreciate that any suitable sensor could be used to sense information that ultimately informs the controller module C that normal use is required by a user). Cold-water passes through the opened solenoids 432a and 432d (operated to its open condition) to the TMV 440. Hot water passes through the opened solenoid 432b to the TMV 440 for mixing for onward passage to the inlet path 20 along the sub-circuit 451 via the opened solenoid 432f.

[0202] In disinfection mode, the controller module C operates the electric motor to rotate the discharge head 312 for providing the outlet region 10 in the second operable state S2 for fluidly connecting the inlet 20 and egress 25 paths. The solenoid 432a is operated to close off the incoming cold-water supply. The solenoid 432c is operated to open the sub-circuit 448 allowing water from the hot line 444 to enter the cold line 442 at node 453. The solenoid 432d is operated to close sub-circuit 447a and the solenoid 432e is operated to open sub-circuit 447b thereby allowing hot water to enter the cold inlet of the TMV 440 or, as noted above, any other channel that allows hot water to enter or surround the TMV 440 so as to sanitise / disinfect any part of it. In this manner, the use of solenoids 432d, 432e as arranged with the respective sub-circuits 447a, 447b seeks to provide for operational flexibility in ensuring that hot water can be channelled to any part of the TMV 440 for sanitisation / disinfection purposes as a circumstance may require. For the present fluid architecture, this is enabled by using the solenoid 432e to direct hot-water to any special / specific channels / passages of the TMV 440. With the solenoid 432f operated to open sub-circuit 451 , hot water leaves the TMV 440 and enters the inlet path 20 and, subsequently, the egress path 25. On completion of disinfection mode, the controller module C operates the electric motor to rotate the discharge head 312 for providing the outlet region 10 in the first operable state S1 ready for use in normal mode.

[0203] It will be appreciated that specific configurations of the fluid circuit 400 can be driven by energy usage concerns as applicable. For the fluid circuit 400, residing in a condition ready for operation in normal usage mode (S1) represents a minimum energy usage approach - as energy demands increase when a sanitary operation (rotation to the second operable state S2) is required, which is less frequent than the demands from normal use.

[0204] Optional arrangements are possible, for example, by employing a by-pass circuit 455 which opens between the solenoid 432e and the TMV 440 for delivering hot water to the inlet path 20 directly (with the solenoid 432f open). This will provide a sanitary / disinfection cycle to the faucet 305 and not the TMV 440.

[0205] Figures 13A and 13B show example exemplifications 480, 460 of the faucet 305 developed for commercial purposes. Figure 13A shows an alternate example exemplification 480 in which a handle 485 and mechanical based arrangement is employed to trigger actuation in the first operable state S1 . Figure 13B shows an example exemplification 460 in which a handle (485) is not used. For operation of such an embodiment in the first operable state S1 it will be appreciated that many different sensors can be placed for use with various of the componentry of the faucet 305 (and indeed the fluid circuit 400) that ultimately inform the controller module C of desired or imminent use in the normal discharge mode. Both exemplifications 460, 480 include respective housings 470, 490 and visual indicators 472 of operational status.

[0206] Figures 14 to 16 show an embodiment 505 that is a variation of the faucet 305 shown in Figures 10 and 11. Like elements are referred to by like numerals for ease of description. The substantive difference between both embodiments is seen in that the tube 316 and the spherical body 311 of the discharge head 312 of faucet 305 are both replaced by a composite body 516 formed by the assembly (eg. threaded assembly) of a rod-like portion 518 with a spherical discharge head portion 512 of a ball-like valve (which echoes the discharge head 312 of the faucet 305). As with the faucet 305, the discharge head portion 512 and its rotational movement operates as a diverter means for diverting or directing water from the inlet path 20 into the egress path 25 when in the second operable state S2 (Figure 15), or otherwise when in the first operable state S1 (Figure 14).

[0207] The inlet path 20 is not provided / defined by the rod-like portion 518 of the body 516. Instead, the inlet path 20 is provided by a conduit 20T which runs off-set from the axis T in the manner shown in Figure 16. The egress path 25 is defined by a conduit 25T and runs in a similar manner as with the faucet 305. Unlike the faucet 305, fluid communication between the inlet path 20 and a recess 513 formed in the discharge head portion 512 which opens (at 514) at a side of the discharge head portion 512 and fluidly communicates / registers with the inlet path 20 as shown. Bodies 560a, 560b, 560c, 560d assemble in a manner which houses and supports the body 516 during rotation so that the recess 513 is able to maintain fluid registration with the inlet path 20 when outlet region 10 is in the first operable state S1 (enabling flow to discharge during normal use mode), and when in the second operable state S2 (enabling flow into the egress path 25 during disinfection mode). A housing 580 is provided as a protective cover.

[0208] Figures 17A and 17B show example exemplifications 660, 680 of the faucet 505 developed for commercial purposes. Figure 17A shows an example exemplification 660 using a sensor 665 to trigger usual water discharge operation in normal use mode (S1). Figure 17B shows an alternate example exemplification 680 also in which a handle 685 and mechanical based arrangement is employed for triggering usual water discharge operation in normal use mode (S1). Both exemplifications 660, 680 include respective housings 670, 690 and visual indicators 672 of operational status (as might be desired to indicate).

[0209] Having regard to Figures 5, 12, and 18, for larger installations such as hospital environments, the controller module C can be arranged in operable association with a further controller module H for monitoring, control, and / or reprogramming purposes. With reference to Figure 18, a high-level controller module H can be arranged in operable association with any number of controller modules C-n which are managing operation of respective faucets 805-n and associated fluid supply circuits 820-n configured with the present principles. A faucet and associated fluid supply circuit arranged in accordance with the principles described herein can be provided as a network 800 of a number of faucet systems 800-n under active control / management by a controller module H. Each faucet system 800-n is operable locally by a respective controller module C-n. Each faucet system 800-n comprises a number of sensors 810-n associated with the faucet 805-n componentry, and a number of sensors 815-n associated with the relevant fluid supply circuit 820-n. In one form, the controller module H is configurable to operate as a ‘gateway’ to the controller modules C-n.

[0210] The controller module H is configurable so as to be receivable of information sensed in respect of any of the faucets 805-n and / or associated fluid supply circuits 820-n, and for using any of the information received in undertaking of any type of sanitary regime as might be required in respect of any of the faucet systems 800-n. As noted above, sensors can be positioned / located anywhere in a respective fluid flow paths or various fluid control / regulation componentry of the faucets 805-n or fluid supply circuit 820-n and the sensed information drawn on by the controller H for operation / management of the network 800. For example, a sensor can be positioned remote from a faucet 805-n and information from that sensor could trigger for one or more of the faucets 800-n in the network to execute a sanitizing or disinfection cycle in respect of its associated faucet 805-n or fluid supply circuit 820-n. For example: a biofilm sensor (which detects bacteria growth) can be added on the main hot / cold water supply lines several meters away from a faucet 805-1 . When the bio film sensor detects unacceptably high bacteria growth it could trigger (via the relevant associated controller module C-1 or controller module H) a “disinfection command” to one or more, or all, faucets 805-1 to 805-4 connected to the biofilm sensor’s network. The skilled reader will appreciate that many operational configurations which draw from the principles described herein are possible depending on application objectives or requirements.

[0211] The controller module H may be arranged in communicative association with a broader computer network G (eg. internet, cloud-based communicative network) for remote monitoring, control, and / or reprogramming purposes.

[0212] Figures 19 and 20 show another embodiment of a fluid discharge arrangement (hereinafter, faucet 1005) embodied in a similar manner as the faucet 305 described above and shown in Figures 10 and 11 . Accordingly, details of the general configuration / construction and operation of the faucet 1005 are very similar to those described above for the faucet 305 (as will be evident from Figures 19 and 20), and to which the skilled reader is referred. Like reference numerals are therefore retained for convenience of description.

[0213] Like the faucet 305, the faucet 1005 comprises an outlet region 10’ operable at an end of elongate tube 316’. The outlet region 10’ is provided as part of a spout or discharge head 312’ (hereinafter, discharge head 312’). The outlet region 10’ is arranged so as to be operable in first S1 and second S2 states of operation in the manner consistent with the faucet 305. The discharge head 312’ has a through passage 312’b which extends through the spherical head 312’a and communicates with the outlet region 10’ as shown.

[0214] The faucet 1005 further comprises inlet 20’ and egress 25’ paths. The inlet path 20’ is configured for receiving a flow of water for supply to the outlet region 10’ by way of which water is dischargeable (indicated as discharge flow D in Figure 19) when the outlet region 10’ is provided in the first operable state S1 . The egress path 25’ is configured for receiving a flow of water (indicated as egress flow E in Figure 20) when the outlet region 10’ is provided in the second operable state S2 (shown in Figure 20). The provision of the outlet region 10’ in the second operable state S2 is configured so as to fluidly connect the inlet 20’ and egress 25’ paths. In operation, as with faucet 305, the faucet 1005 is configured operable so that transitioning of the outlet region 10’ to / from the first S1 , second S2 operable states is enabled by way of the discharge head 312’ being rotated about an axis T (e.g., using an electric motor to rotate the tube 316’ about the axis T).

[0215] As will be seen in Figures 19 and 20, the egress path 25’ is modified from that of the faucet 305 so that path 25’ is openable at a distal end region 1010 by way of a closure or gate (hereinafter, gate 1020) operable between the egress path 25’ adjacent the outlet region 10’ and the downstream opening 316d’ of the through passage 312a’ of the discharge head 312’ (accommodated by the internal cavity region) being moveable relative to the downstream opening 312d’ so as to open (shown in Figure 20) or close (shown in Figure 19) access to an opening of the egress path 25’ as shown. For the embodiment of the gate 1020 shown in Figure 19, the gate 1020 comprises a stepped face or wall configuration 1022 having a face / wall portion 1022a (of one of the steps) that engages with a corresponding or complimentary face or wall 1018 of the second body 322’ adjacent a (closed) end of the egress path 25’. Contacting of these corresponding faces operates to close fluid access to the egress path 25’, as clearly shown across Figures 19 and 20. The gate 1020 is configured operable so that fluid communication between the ingress 20’ and egress 25’ paths can be selectively closed when in the first operable state S1 , or opened when in the second operable state S2 by movement (translational movement shown) of the gate 1020.

[0216] It will be appreciated that the gate 1020 need not comprise a stepped face or wall as shown, as other ways / means to close a passage or channel exist. Any shape or form can be used for movable closure or gate arrangements, as long it opens / closes (and, for example, correct seal connections are used). Furthermore, the movement for closing / opening can be of linear motion (e.g. solenoid) or rotational (e.g. motorised cartridge). In one form, for example, the gate 1020 may be moved or motivated by way of a solenoid module 1030, however many other options will be known to the skilled reader. The skilled reader will appreciate other ways / means by which the gate 1020 could be animated to achieve the opening / closing functionality shown.

[0217] In operation, when in the discharge head 312’ is rotated to the first operable state S1 , the gate 1020 is operated to close the face 1022a against the corresponding face / wall 1018 of the second body 322’ closing the opening to the egress path 25’. When the discharge head 312’ is rotated to the second operable state S2 as shown in Figure 20, water flowing through the inlet path 20’ is prevented from discharge from the outlet region 10’ and instead diverted toward the egress path 25’ on the gate 1020 being operated so as to move the face 1022a away from the corresponding face / wall of the second body 322’. As shown in Figure 20, having completed rotation to the second operable state S2, the flow straightener 317’ becomes exposed to or immersed (Figure 20 shows fluid flow through the outlet region 10’ of the discharge head 312’ engaging the flow straightener 317’)) in any fluid that flows through the inlet path 20’. When such fluid is of a sanitising nature, the flow straightener 317’, and indeed any surface associated with or constituent of the outlet region 10’ becomes subject to a sanitising fluid flow and / or being thermally connected with the fluid flow. Consistent with the present disclosure, following exposure to the outlet region 10’, the flow of fluid is directed to enter the now opened egress path 25’. Accordingly, with the embodiment of the faucet 1005, while rotation of the discharge head 312’ is retained from the previous described embodiments, the outlet region 10’ does not register directly with the opening of the egress path 25’.

[0218] Figures 21 and 22 show another embodiment of a fluid discharge arrangement (hereinafter, faucet 1105) embodied in a similar manner as the faucet 1005 described above and shown in Figures 19 and 20. Like reference numerals are therefore retained for convenience of description.

[0219] The faucet 1105 comprises an outlet region 10’ provided as part of a spout or discharge head 312’ (hereinafter, discharge head 312’). The faucet 1105 further comprises inlet path 20’ and egress 25’ paths. The inlet path 20’ is configured for receiving a flow of water for supply to the outlet region 10’ by way of which water is dischargeable (indicated as discharge flow D in Figure 21) when the faucet 1105 is operating in the first operable state S1 . As will be described below, a movable closure or gate (hereinafter, gate 1110) is provided and configured operable to close / seal across the downstream extent 1108 of the outlet region 10’ when the faucet 1105 is to operate in the second operable state S2. The egress path 25’ is configured for receiving a flow of water (indicated as egress flow E in Figure 22) when the faucet 1105 is operable in the second operable state S2 when gate 1120 opens to allow fluid through as will be described below (shown in Figure 22). It will be seen from Figures 21 and 22 that the inlet path 20’ and the egress path 25’ are formed within the same body 322’.

[0220] As will be seen in Figures 21 and 22, like the faucet 1005, the egress path 25’ is openable at a distal end region 1115 of the inlet path 20’ by way of a movable closure or gate (hereinafter, gate 1120) being moveable so as to open (shown in Figure 21) or close (shown in Figure 22) access to the opening of the egress path 25’ as shown. For the embodiment of the closure 1120 shown in Figure 21 , the gate 1120 comprises a stepped face / wall configuration 1122 having a face / wall portion 1122a (of one of the steps) that engages with a corresponding or facing face / wall portion 1118 of the body 322’ adjacent an end (closed) of the egress path 25’. Contacting of these corresponding walls / faces operates to close fluid access to the egress path 25’, as clearly shown across Figures 21 and 22. The gate 1120 is configured operable so that fluid communication between the inlet path 20’ and egress 25’ paths can be selectively closed when the faucet 1105 is in the first operable state S1 , or opened when in the second operable state S2 by movement of the gate 1120. In one form, for example, the gate 1120 may be moved or motivated by way of a solenoid module 1130. As noted above, the skilled reader will appreciate other ways / means by which the gate 1120 could be animated to achieve the opening / closing functionality shown. As noted above, the gate 1120 need not comprise a stepped face or wall as shown, as other ways / means to close a passage or channel exist. The skilled reader will appreciate other ways / means by which the gate 1120 could be animated to achieve the opening / closing functionality shown. Furthermore, it is noted that opening / closing functionality is not necessarily required, the opening to the egress path 25’ could be permanently open provided its set-up or configuration is such that water would not pass through it in the first operable state S1 . For example, in an embodiment, the egress path 25 could be configured to be permanently open (ie. inlet path 20’, egress path 25’ and outlet region 10’ all fluidly connected). In the first operable state S1 delivered fluid would flow via inlet path 20 to outlet region 10’ (this being the less resistant pathway). In the second operable state S2, due to closure of the outlet region 10’ by the closure 1110 sealing the downstream extent 1108, delivered fluid would flow automatically into the egress path 25.

[0221] However, unlike faucets 305, 1005, the faucet 1105 does not employ of a means of rotating the outlet region 10’ to transition between first S1 and second S2 operable states. As noted above, inlet path 20’ and the egress path 25’ are formed within the same body 322’. Instead, a gate 1110 is moved so as to be clear of (ie. first operable state S1), or moved so as to cover across the downstream most extent 1108 of the outlet region 10’ (ie. second operable state S2) as shown across Figures 21 and 22. For the embodiment shown, the gate 1110 translates / slides from a first position (which corresponds with the first operable state S1) where it is clear from obstructing the outlet region 10’ (shown at the lefthand side of the downstream opening 1108 of the outlet region 10’ (refer Figure 21)), to a second position in which it completely closes / seals across the downstream opening 1108 of the outlet region 10’ so as to prevent discharge therefrom (as shown in Figure 22) when the faucet 1105 is in the second operable state S2. While movement of the gate 1110 is shown to be linear sliding or translational movement, it will be appreciated that configurations could be developed where the gate 1110 rotates to / from the first and second positions relative to the downstream extent 1108 of the outlet region 10’.

[0222] When the gate 1110 is in the second or closed position, water flowing through the inlet path 20’ is prevented from discharge from the outlet region 10’ and instead diverted back into the inlet path 20’ for diversion / direction to the egress path 25’ when the closure 1120 is moved away from the face / wall portion 1118 of the body 322’ that corresponds / faces the face / wall portion 1122a, thereby opening fluid access to the egress path 25’.

[0223] As shown in Figure 22, with the gate 1110 being provided so as to close the outlet region 10’ at its downstream most extent 1108, the flow straightener 317’ becomes exposed to or immersed in any fluid that flows through the inlet path 20’. When such fluid is of a sanitising nature, the flow straightener 317’, and indeed any surface associated or constituent of the outlet region 10’ that is upstream of the gate 1110, becomes subject to a sanitising fluid flow as well as being thermally connected with the fluid flow. Consistent with the present disclosure, following exposure to the outlet region 10’, the flow of fluid is diverted / directed to enter the egress path 25’ when the gate 1110 is closed and the gate 1120 is opened. In this manner, the operation of the gate 1110 to close the outlet region 10’ at its downstream most extent 1108 operates as a diverter means for diverting or directing fluid from the inlet path 20’ into the egress path 25’ when in the second operable state S2. The skilled reader will appreciate other ways in which the same functionality can be realised without departing from the present disclosure. Figures 23 and 24 show another embodiment of a fluid discharge arrangement (hereinafter, faucet 2105) embodied in a similar manner as the faucet 1005 described above and shown in Figures 21 and 22. Like reference numerals are therefore retained for ease of description.

[0224] The faucet 2105 comprises an outlet region 10’ provided as part of a spout or discharge head 312’ (hereinafter, discharge head 312’). The faucet 2105 further comprises inlet path 20’ and egress 25’ paths. The inlet path 20’ is configured for receiving a flow of water for supply to the outlet region 10’ by way of which water is dischargeable (indicated as discharge flow D in Figure 23) when the faucet 2105 is operating in the first operable state S1 . As will be described below, a movable closure or gate 1110 (hereinafter, gate 1110) is provided and configured operable to close / seal across the downstream extent 1108 of the outlet region 10’ when the faucet 2105 is to operate in the second operable state S2. The egress path 25’ is configured for receiving a flow of water (indicated as egress flow E in Figure 24) when the faucet 2105 is operable in the second operable state S2 (shown in Figure 24). It will be seen from Figures 23 and 24 that the inlet path 20’ and the egress path 25’ are formed within the same body 322’.

[0225] As a variation to the faucet 1105, the egress path 25’ is positioned at a different part of the body 322’. As shown in Figures 23 and 24, the egress path 25’ is positioned so as run within the body 322’ at a lower region thereof (under the inlet path 20’ but could be provided at any location). The egress path 25’ opens at 25a’ adjacent the outlet region 10’, and just upstream of the downstream most extent 1108, ie. above where the gate 1110 moves to when operated to close the outlet region 10’. The configuration of the faucet 1105 demonstrates that the egress path 25’ can be provided in various positions within the body 322’ while still consistent with the present disclosure.

[0226] Like faucets 1105, the faucet 2105 does not employ of a means of rotating the outlet region 10’ to transition between first S1 and second S2 operable states. The gate 1110 is moved so as to be clear of (ie. first operable state S1), or moved so as to cover across the downstream most extent 1108 of the outlet region 10’ (ie. second operable state S2) as across Figures 23 and 24. For the embodiment shown, the gate 1110 translates / slides from a first position (which corresponds with the first operable state S1) where it is clear from obstructing the outlet region 10’ (shown at the left-hand side of the downstream opening 1108 of the outlet region 10’ (refer Figure 23)), to a second position in which it completely closes / seals across the downstream opening 1108 of the outlet region 10’ so as to prevent discharge therefrom (as shown in Figure 24) when the faucet 2105 is in the second operable state S2. While movement of the gate 1110 is shown to be linear sliding or translational movement, it will be appreciated that configurations could be developed where the gate 1110 rotates to / from the first and second positions relative to the downstream extent 1108 of the outlet region 10’.

[0227] When the gate 1110 is in the second or closed position, water flowing through the inlet path 20’ is prevented from discharge from the outlet region 10’ and instead diverted back into the inlet path 20’, and subsequently diverted / directed to the egress path 25’ when the gate 1110 is moved to close across the outlet region 10’ and the downstream most extent 1118. As shown in Figure 24, with the gate 1110 being provided so as to close the outlet region 10’ at its downstream most extent 1108, the flow straightener 317’ becomes exposed to or immersed in any fluid that flows through the inlet path 20’. When such fluid is of a sanitising nature, the flow straightener 317’, and indeed any surface associated or constituent of the outlet region 10’ that is upstream of the gate 1110, becomes subject to a sanitising fluid flow as well as being thermally connected with the fluid flow. Put another way, during a sanitising process / operation, such fluid flows or passes through the flow straightener 317’ (or whatever component may be provided in the outlet region 10’) when flowing from the inlet path 20’ to the egress path 25’. Consistent with the present disclosure, following exposure to the outlet region 10’, the flow of fluid is directed to enter the egress path 25’. In this manner, the operation of the gate 1110 to close the outlet region 10’ at its downstream most extent 1108 operates as a diverter means for diverting or directing fluid from the inlet path 20’ into the egress path 25’ when in the second operable state S2. The skilled reader will appreciate other ways in which the same functionality can be realised without departing from the present disclosure.

[0228] Figures 25 and 26 show a variation of the faucet 2105. In the embodiment presented a faucet 2205 is shown in which the egress path 25’ is formed within or carried by a gate 1140 that moves between first (see Figure 25) and second (see Figure 26) positions in transitioning the faucet 2205 between the first S1 and second S2 operable states. The gate 1140 can be configured so as to operate in a similar manner as shown for the faucets 5, 5’ in Figures 1 and 4, where connection of the egress path 25’ can be by way of an equivalent arrangement involving a conduit 120 having a sliding engagement with the egress path 25’ for preserving fluid connection with a drainage means. Furthermore, actuation or movement of the gate 1140 could be arranged in a similar manner as shown and described for faucets 5, 5’, whereby the gate 1140 can be actuated by way of a hydraulic arrangement (using mains pressure, for example) shown in Figures 3 for faucet 5, or using a mechanised system as shown in Figure 4. The skilled reader would readily appreciate that the principles shown and described in relation to faucets 5, 5’, for enabling fluid connection with the egress path 25’ and actuation / movement of the first body 30 can be readily applied for movement / actuation of the gate 1140.

[0229] To further illustrate the above-described principles shown in Figures 25 and 26 having regard to an earlier described embodiment, Figures 27 and 28 show a faucet 5” embodying the general functionality exemplified with the faucet 2105 as applied to the faucet 5, 5’ shown in Figures 1 to 4. Like features retain like numeral referencing. Consistent with the faucet 2105, faucet 5” comprises a movable gate 1140 that carries the egress path 25’. The first operable state S1 is shown in Figure 27 where the gate 1140 is moved to right of page, enabling the outlet region 10’ to discharge to ambient surrounds. Figure 28 shows the second operable state S2 in which the gate 1140 is moved left of page so as to fluidly connect or register the outlet region 10’ with the inlet to the egress path 25’, ready for a sanitary process or event to occur consistent with the present disclosure.

[0230] Advantages that may be realised by way of the principles described herein may be any of:

[0231] • User(s) avoid contact or exposure with heated water during disinfection processes thereby reducing the risk of a user becoming scalded.

[0232] • Duration of disinfection can be optimised by, for example, monitoring disinfection temperature and / or time which can operate to save water and energy expenditure.

[0233] • All sanitary regime settings / specifications are pre-set - avoiding or limiting the need for personnel (savings on staffing / labour hours can be realised).

[0234] Water can be managed and saved as disinfection / purging events can be actioned when needed.

[0235] • Water can be reused (ie. water having been disinfected can be returned to the system for other uses, for example, gardening etc).

[0236] • The need for specialised disinfection tools can be reduced or avoided. • Aerators can be disinfected appropriately, consistently, and reliably, thereby providing a higher degree of confidence in their sanitary condition.

[0237] • Embodiments can employ manually activated handles or utilise sensors (eg. infra-red sensors) for use in mechatronic operational activation as an installation environment might require.

[0238] • Embodiments can be modular in design as required by a target installation environment, providing broad attraction for plumbing system architects.

[0239] • Sanitary regimes using the principles described herein can be designed to be very broad so as to increase the likelihood that a flushing, purging, or disinfection process is carried out in a manner considered to comply acceptably with a relevant standard.

[0240] • Instances of sanitary processes not being carried out can be reduced or, at best, eliminated. Modifications and variations as would be apparent to a skilled addressee are deemed to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

Claims1. A faucet arrangement comprising: a discharge head having an outlet region configured operable between first and second states of operation; a first fluid passage configured for receiving a flow of fluid for supply to the outlet region by which fluid is dischargeable from the faucet arrangement when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the first operable state; a second fluid passage configured by having an inlet opening to an internal region of the faucet arrangement and receivable of a flow of fluid when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the second operable state; the faucet arrangement configured so that transition of the outlet region between the first and second operable states is by one of either relative translational or rotational movement between the discharge head and the inlet of the second fluid flow passage, wherein the relevant of the relative translational or rotational movement between the discharge head and the inlet in transitioning the outlet region to the second operable state is configured to fluidly connect or register the outlet region with the inlet of the second fluid passage thereby enabling a flow of fluid to flow from the first flow passage to the second flow passage.

2. A faucet arrangement comprising: a discharge head having an outlet region configured moveable so as to transition the outlet region so as to be operable between first and second states of operation; a first fluid passage configured for receiving a flow of fluid for supply to the outlet region by which fluid is dischargeable from the faucet arrangement when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the first operable state; a second fluid passage configured by having an inlet opening to an internal region of the faucet arrangement and receivable of a flow of fluid when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the second operable state; the faucet arrangement configured so that transition of the outlet region between the first and second operable states is by either the discharge head being translated or rotated relative to the inlet of the second fluid flow passage, wherein the relevant of the translational or rotational movement of the discharge head in transitioning the outlet region to the second operable state is configured to fluidly connect or register the outlet region with the inlet of the second fluid passage thereby enabling a flow of fluid to flow from the first flow passage to the second flow passage.

3. A faucet arrangement of claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising a body having an internal cavity region defining the internal region of the faucet arrangement to which the inlet of the second fluid passage opens, the body having an opening that is spaced from the inlet that opens theinternal cavity region to ambient surrounds, the internal cavity region configured for supporting relative movement between the discharge head and the inlet by the relevant of either translation or rotation for fluidly connecting or registering the outlet region with the opening of the internal cavity region for operation in the first operable state, and for fluidly connecting or registering the outlet region with the inlet for operation in the second operable state.

4. A faucet arrangement of claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising a body having an internal cavity region defining the internal region of the faucet arrangement to which the inlet of the second fluid passage opens, the body having an opening that is spaced from the inlet that opens the internal cavity region to ambient surrounds, the internal cavity region configured for supporting movement of the discharge head relative the inlet by the relevant of either translation or rotation for moving the outlet region between registration with the opening for operation in the first operable state, and registration with the inlet for operation in the second operable state.

5. A faucet arrangement of claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising a body having an internal cavity region defining the internal region of the faucet arrangement to which the inlet of the second fluid passage opens, the body having an opening that is spaced from the inlet that opens the internal cavity region to ambient surrounds, the internal cavity region configured operable with the discharge head so that the body is moveable relative thereto by the relevant of either translation or rotation for fluidly connecting or registering the outlet region with the opening for operation in the first operable state, and fluidly connecting or registering the outlet region with the inlet for operation in the second operable state.

6. A faucet arrangement of any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the internal cavity region has an axis, and wherein the inlet of the second fluid passage is spaced from the opening about the axis at about 180 degrees or 90 degrees.

7. A faucet arrangement of any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the internal cavity region has an axis, and wherein the inlet of the second fluid passage is spaced from the opening along or in accordance with the axis.

8. A faucet arrangement of claim 6 or claim 7, wherein the discharge head is configured operable with a means for enabling movement of the discharge head in the internal cavity region of the body of the faucet arrangement by either rotation of the discharge head about the axis of the cavity region for rotating the outlet region between fluid connection / registration with the opening and the inlet of the second fluid passage, or translation of the discharge head along or in accordance with the axis of the cavity region for moving the outlet region between fluid connection / registration with the opening and the inlet of the second fluid passage.

9. A faucet arrangement of claim 8, wherein the discharge head is configured of or in fixed relation with a first body, which first body is configured in driving relation with the means enabling movement of the discharge head within the internal cavity region of the body of the faucet arrangement by either rotation or translation.

10. A faucet arrangement of claim 9, wherein the discharge head is of or carried at or near a distal end of the first body.11 . A faucet arrangement of claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the first fluid passage extends through a portion of the first body in fluidly connecting the outlet region with a fluid source.

12. A faucet arrangement of claim 1 1 , wherein the first fluid passage is generally coaxially aligned with an axis of the first body.

13. A faucet arrangement of any one of claims 3 to 12, wherein said body of the faucet arrangement is a second body, the second body further configured so that the second fluid passage extends through a portion of the second body in fluidly connecting the inlet with any of the following: a drain, a sump, a basin, S trap.

14. A faucet arrangement of claim 13, wherein the second body carries a further fluid passage or fluid conduit arranged at one end to be in fluid communication with a source of fluid, and arranged to be in fluid communication with the first fluid passage at another end of the further fluid passage or conduit, whereby the further fluid passage or conduit fluidly connects the first fluid passage with the source of fluid.

15. A faucet arrangement of claim 14, wherein the further fluid passage or conduit is configured in sliding relation with the first fluid passage so that fluid communication between the source of fluid and the first fluid passage can be substantially preserved during relative movement between the first and second bodies.

16. A faucet arrangement of any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the first and second bodies are configured so that the discharge head is provided outward of the second body via an opening of the internal cavity region when the first body is translated along the axis within the internal cavity region of the second body to the first operable state, and fluidly connects or registers the outlet region with the inlet of the second fluid passage within the internal cavity region of the second body when translated along the axis to the second operable state.

17. A faucet arrangement of claim 16, wherein the first and second bodies are configured so that translation of the discharge head when moving the outlet region to the first operable state causes a portion of the first body to close against a portion of the second body adjacent the opening of the internal cavity region of the second body thereby hydraulically isolating the second fluid passage from the outlet region when the outlet region is provided in the first operable state.

18. A faucet arrangement of any one of claims 13 to 17, further comprising a biasing means provided operable between the first and second bodies, the biasing means arranged to act on the first and second bodies so as to bias the outlet region to fluidly connect or register with the inlet of the internal cavity region in the second operable state.

19. A faucet arrangement of claim 18, wherein the first and second bodies are configured so as to define a chamber therebetween within a portion of the internal cavity region of the second body, wherein pressurization of the chamber by hydraulic fluid acting on the first body sufficient to overcome the bias provided by way of the biasing means translates the first body relative the second body for providing the outlet region in the first operable state.

20. A faucet arrangement according to claim 19, wherein the hydraulic pressure sufficient to cause translation of the first body to transition the discharge head for providing the outlet region in the first operable state is about mains pressure, and removal of the mains pressure causes the first body to be biased back to the second operable state by the biasing means.21 . A faucet arrangement according to any one of claims 8 to 15, wherein the first body is rotatable in the internal cavity region of the second body for moving the discharge head so as to move the outlet region between the first and second operable states.

22. A faucet arrangement according to 21 , wherein the first fluid passage is provided by way of an internal passage formed within the first body, the internal passage being coaxial with an axis of the first body, and wherein an upstream end of the internal passage is configured in fluid communication with a source of fluid.

23. A faucet arrangement according to claim 22, wherein the upstream end of the internal passage is configured in fluid communication with the source of fluid in a manner preserving fluid communication between the first fluid passage and the source of fluid irrespective of rotation of the first body when rotating the discharge head between the first and second operable states.

24. A faucet arrangement of claim 23, wherein the first and second bodies are configured so that the outlet region opens to ambient surrounds via the opening of the internal cavity when the first body is rotated within the internal cavity of the second body to provide the outlet region in the first operable state, and fluidly connects or registers the outlet region with the inlet of the second fluid passage within the internal cavity of the second body when rotated to the second operable state.

25. A faucet arrangement of any one of claims 21 to claim 24, wherein the first and second bodies are configured so that rotation of the discharge head about the axis to provide the outlet region in the first operable state causes a portion of the discharge head to close the inlet of the second fluid passage.

26. A faucet arrangement of any one of claims 21 to claim 25, wherein an angular displacement of the discharge head when rotated between the first and second operable states about the axis is about 180 degrees, or about 90 degrees.

27. A faucet arrangement according to any one of claims 8 to 26, wherein the first body is configured in driving relation with any of the following for moving the discharge head to / from the first, second operable states by way of either translation or rotation: an electric motor, mechanical means, hydraulic means.

28. A faucet arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the second operable state, the outlet region is fluidly and thermally subject to a flow of fluid when passing from the first fluid flow passage to the second fluid flow passage.- M -29. A faucet arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outlet region comprises or is arranged in operable association with any of the following through which fluid passes or surrounds when the outlet region is in either of the first, second operable states on delivery of fluid through the first fluid flow passage: an aerator, a flow regulator, a filter, a diffuser, a flow straightener, a non-return valve.

30. A faucet arrangement according to claim 4, wherein the discharge head is provided in the form of a ball-like valve arranged to fluidly link the outlet region with the first fluid passage, the balllike valve arranged so as to be rotatably driven between the inlet and the opening for providing the outlet region in the first and second operable states, wherein, rotation of the ball-like valve to the first operable state fluidly connects or registers the outlet region with the opening for enabling fluid discharge to ambient surrounds, and rotation of the ball-like valve to the second operable state fluidly connects or registers the outlet region with the inlet of the second fluid passage internal of the faucet arrangement.31 . A faucet arrangement according to claim 30, wherein the first fluid passage is provided by way of a first conduit fluidly connecting the outlet region of the ball-type valve with a fluid source, and the second fluid passage is provided by way of a second conduit fluidly connecting the inlet with any of: a drain, a sump, a basin, S trap.

32. A faucet arrangement comprising: a discharge head having an outlet region and configured moveable so as to transition the outlet region so as to be operable between first and second states of operation; a first fluid passage configured for receiving a flow of fluid for supply to the outlet region by which fluid is dischargeable from the faucet arrangement when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the first operable state; a second fluid passage openable to an internal region of the faucet arrangement by a moveable closure or gate arrangement so as to be receivable of a flow of fluid when the discharge head provides the outlet region in the second operable state; the closure or gate arrangement configured in operable association with the second fluid passage for enabling or disabling fluid access to the second fluid passage internal of the faucet arrangement, the closure or gate arrangement configured so as to be transitioned between a first condition in which the closure or gate arrangement closes fluid access to the second fluid passage, and a second condition in which the closure or gate arrangement opens fluid access to the second fluid passage internal of the fluid arrangement, the faucet arrangement configured so that transition of the outlet region between the first and second operable states is by the discharge head being rotated relative the internal region of the faucet arrangement, wherein the rotational movement of the discharge head in transitioning the outlet region to the second operable state is configured to fluidly connect the outlet region with the second fluid passage on the closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its second condition opening fluid access to the second fluid passage therebyenabling a flow of fluid to flow from the first flow passage to the second flow passage by way of the outlet region.

33. A faucet arrangement of claim 32, further comprising a body having an internal cavity region defining the internal region of the faucet arrangement to which the second fluid passage is openable, the body having an opening to ambient surrounds that is spaced from where the second passage is openable to the internal cavity region, the internal cavity region configured for supporting rotational movement of the discharge head for moving the outlet region between registration with the opening for operation in the first operable state, and fluid connection of the outlet region with the second fluid passage on transition of the closure or gate arrangement to its second condition for operation in the second operable state.

34. A faucet arrangement of claim 33, wherein the second fluid passage extends through a portion of the body in fluidly connecting a drainage means with the internal cavity region of the body when the closure or gate arrangement is in its second condition.

35. A faucet arrangement of claim 34, wherein the closure or gate arrangement is operable between the internal cavity region and the second fluid passage adjacent the outlet region.

36. A faucet arrangement of claim 35, wherein the closure or gate arrangement comprises a gate configured moveable between the first and second positions by an actuator means.

37. A faucet arrangement of claim 36, wherein actuation of the gate to its first condition moves the gate so as to close across where the second fluid passage is openable to the internal cavity region.

38. A faucet arrangement comprising: a discharge head having an outlet region operable between first and second states of operation; a first fluid passage configured for receiving a flow of fluid for supply to the outlet region by which fluid is dischargeable from the faucet arrangement when operating in the first operable state; a second fluid passage openable to an internal region of the faucet arrangement so as to be receivable of a flow of fluid when the discharge head is operating in the second operable state; a first closure or gate arrangement configured in operable association with the second fluid passage for enabling or disabling fluid access to the second fluid passage internal of the faucet arrangement, the first closure or gate arrangement configured so as to be transitioned between a first condition in which the first closure or gate arrangement closes fluid access to the second fluid passage, and a second condition in which the first closure or gate arrangement opens fluid access to the second fluid passage, a second closure or gate arrangement configured in operable association with the outlet region, the second closure or gate arrangement configured so as to be transitionedbetween a first condition in which the second closure or gate arrangement prevents fluid discharge from the outlet region, and a second condition in which the second closure or gate arrangement enables fluid discharge from the outlet region, the faucet arrangement is configured so that transition between the first and second operable states is by operation of the first and second closure or gate arrangements, wherein transition to the first operable state is by: the first closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its first condition, and the second closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its second condition, and transition to the second operable state is by: the first closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its second condition, and the second closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its first condition, thereby fluidly connecting the outlet region with the second fluid passage and enabling a flow of fluid to flow from the first flow passage to the second flow passage by way of the outlet region.

39. A faucet arrangement of claim 38, further comprising a body having an internal cavity region defining the internal region of the faucet arrangement to which the second fluid passage is openable, the body having an opening to ambient surrounds that is spaced from where the second passage is openable to the internal cavity region, the opening defining the outlet region.

40. A faucet arrangement of claim 39, wherein the second fluid passage extends through a portion of the body in fluidly connecting a drainage means with the internal cavity region of the body when the first closure or gate arrangement is in its second condition.41 . A faucet arrangement of claim 40, wherein the first closure or gate arrangement is operable between the internal cavity region and the second fluid passage adjacent the outlet region.

42. A faucet arrangement of claim 41 , wherein the first closure or gate arrangement comprises a respective gate, wherein said gate, when moved to its first condition is moved so as to close across where the second fluid passage is openable to the internal cavity region.

43. A faucet arrangement of claim 42, wherein the second closure or gate arrangement comprises a respective gate, wherein said gate, when moved to its first condition is moved so as to close across a downstream most end of the outlet region.

44. A faucet arrangement of claim 43, wherein the first and second closure or gate arrangements respectively comprise a gate configured moveable between respective first and second positions by respective actuator means.

45. A faucet arrangement comprising: a discharge head having an outlet region operable between first and second states of operation;a first fluid passage configured for receiving a flow of fluid for supply to the outlet region by which fluid is dischargeable from the faucet arrangement when operating in the first operable state; a second fluid passage configured by having an inlet opening to an internal region of the faucet arrangement and receivable of a flow of fluid when the discharge head is operating in the second operable state; a closure or gate arrangement configured in operable association with the outlet region, the closure or gate arrangement configured so as to transition between a first condition in which the first closure or gate arrangement prevents fluid discharge from the outlet region, and a second condition in which the closure or gate arrangement enables fluid discharge from the outlet region, the faucet arrangement is configured so that transition between the first and second operable states is by operation of the closure or gate arrangement, wherein transition to the first operable state is by the closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its second condition, and transition to the second operable state is by the closure or gate arrangement being transitioned to its first condition thereby diverting any flow of fluid delivered via the first fluid passage to the inlet of the second fluid flow passage by way of the outlet region.

46. A faucet arrangement of claim 45, further comprising a body having an internal cavity region defining the internal region of the faucet arrangement to which the second fluid passage is openable, the body having an opening to ambient surrounds that is spaced from where the second passage is openable to the internal cavity region, the opening defining the outlet region.

47. A faucet arrangement of claim 46, wherein the inlet of the second fluid passage is upstream of the closure or gate arrangement.

48. A faucet arrangement of claim 47, wherein the closure or gate arrangement comprises a gate, wherein said gate, when moved to its first condition is moved so as to close across a downstream most end of the outlet region.

49. A faucet arrangement of claim 48, wherein actuation of the gate is by way of an actuator means.

50. A faucet arrangement of claim any one of claims 45 to 49, wherein the second fluid passage is carried by a gate of the moveable closure or gate arrangement, wherein the inlet of the second fluid passage opens to the internal cavity region when the moveable closure is moved to its first position.51 . A faucet arrangement according to any one of claims 32 to 50, wherein the outlet region is fluidly and thermally subject to a flow of fluid when passing from the first fluid flow passage to the second fluid flow passage when in the second operable state.

52. A faucet arrangement according to any one of claims 32 to 51 , wherein the outlet region comprises or is arranged in operable association with any of the following through which fluidpasses or surrounds when the outlet region is in either of the first, second operable states on delivery of fluid through the first fluid flow passage: an aerator, a flow regulator, a filter, a diffuser, a flow straightener, a non-return valve.

53. A faucet arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the faucet arrangement comprises or is arranged in operable association with a fluid supply arrangement for enabling the first fluid passage to receive a flow of non-heated and / or heated fluid.

54. A faucet arrangement according to claim 53, wherein the faucet arrangement comprises or is arranged in operable association with a controller means or module configured operable for causing: (i) transition of the outlet region to / from either of the first, second operable states; (ii) provision of a flow of fluid to the first fluid passage for operation of the faucet arrangement when the outlet region is provided in the first operable state; (iii) provision of a flow of fluid suitable for a sanitary process or operation to the first fluid passage when the outlet region is provided in the second operable state.

55. A fluid supply arrangement for supplying fluid to a faucet arrangement, the fluid supply arrangement comprising: a fluid circuit arranged operable for receiving a non-heated fluid and a heated fluid via respective fluid flow passages for delivery to a mixing means or module via respective flow passages for supply of mixed or non-mixed fluid to the first fluid passage, the second fluid passage arranged in fluid communication with the fluid circuit upstream of the mixing means or module, wherein the fluid circuit is configured so as to enable a flow of heated fluid to be diverted or re / directed via the second fluid passage to the fluid flow path which delivers nonheated fluid to the mixing means or module when the faucet arrangement is operating in the second state of operation.

56. A fluid discharge system comprising one or more faucet arrangements according to any one of claims 1 to 54, and / or arranged operable with a fluid supply arrangement according to claim 55.

57. A method for operating a sanitary regime or event, the method comprising: providing a faucet arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 54, or a fluid discharge system according to claim 56, and operating, or causing to operate, a sanitary process or operation in respect of the relevant of the fluid discharge or faucet arrangement when the outlet region of the fluid discharge arrangement is provided in the second state of operation.

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