Method, control device and computer program for ascertaining a fault in a battery device of a vehicle, fault detection device, and battery device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method, to a control device and to a computer program for ascertaining a fault in a battery device of a vehicle, and to a fault detection device and to a battery device for a vehicle. The method according to the invention comprises receiving a differential pressure signal from a differential pressure determination device (140), sending a venting signal to a venting device (130) when the differential pressure signal indicates a differential pressure which is greater than a predefined differential pressure threshold value, receiving a flow parameter signal from a flow parameter determination unit (164), ascertaining a fault in the battery device (100) when the flow parameter signal indicates a flow parameter which is greater than a predefined flow threshold value, and sending an error signal which specifies that there is a fault in the battery device (100).

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Method, control device and computer program for detecting a fault in a battery device of a vehicle, as well as fault detection device and battery device

[0003] The present invention relates to a method, a control device and a computer program for detecting a fault in a battery device of a vehicle, in particular an electric vehicle or hybrid vehicle, as well as a fault detection device and a battery device for a vehicle.

[0004] Lithium-ion batteries are currently used in electromobility, both in hybrid and fully electric vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries use aluminum electrodes on the cathode side and copper electrodes on the anode side as current collectors, usually in foil form. Lithium transition metal oxides, such as cobalt, manganese, and nickel, are used as the cathode material, and carbon / graphite is used as the anode material. The electrolyte in between consists of an organic solvent with dissolved electrolyte salts. To prevent short circuits, a separator permeable to lithium ions (e.g., made of polypropylene) can be placed between the electrodes.

[0005] Crucial for long-term operation is both ensuring that the battery cells are not overcharged and overdischarged, as this can lead to accelerated aging, deactivation of the active components of the electrodes, an increase in cell impedance, and even thermal runaway of the respective cell, i.e., total failure. For this, knowing the current state of charge is crucial.

[0006] When operating lithium-ion batteries, it is important to operate the battery within the correct temperature range. Overheating of the battery is considered particularly dangerous, as beyond a critical temperature, it can lead to unstoppable thermal runaway. This causes the individual components of the battery cell to react uncontrollably with each other. The cell reacts with very strong heat and gas formation until all components have reacted.

[0007] During thermal runaway, gas is formed within the battery cell, and the internal pressure rises to the point where the battery cell casing gives way and ruptures. This causes the generated gas to escape. The battery cell continues to heat up until the uncontrollable reaction begins and the battery cell suddenly fails.

[0008] The gases produced and released can include hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons such as methane or ethane. Depending on the progress of the reaction and thus the thermal runaway, characteristic gas concentrations can be measured, which can provide information about the battery's condition.

[0009] Future monitoring systems will therefore use one or more different gas sensors that can be continuously or at significant

[0010] They are energized at intervals and can therefore detect the gas concentrations within the battery case. The gas sensor can therefore continuously or cyclically detect the composition of the gas present within the battery case and emit a signal on the basis of which the battery's condition can be assessed.

[0011] Since the battery housing or the parts comprising it are designed to be air-permeable according to the state of the art, the pressure inside the battery housing can vary depending on the ambient pressure. Fluctuations in the ambient air pressure (e.g., changes in weather, operation of the vehicle at different altitudes, etc.) also cause the pressure inside the battery housing to change. Therefore, the condition of the battery cannot be precisely determined solely by measuring the gas concentration inside the battery housing. Instead, it may be necessary to also measure the pressure inside the battery housing or to use an internal pressure derived from measuring and / or modeling the ambient pressure to correct the determined value of the gas concentration measurement.

[0012] During periods of inactivity of the vehicle, and thus also of the battery assembly, such as when parked without charging, the battery assembly is not monitored. In the event of a fault in the battery assembly, such as a short circuit, mechanical damage, etc., one or more battery cells may become excessively hot. In the worst case, thermal runaway of the battery cells may occur.

[0013] There are already known methods that attempt to resolve this aforementioned problem by cyclically activating the pressure sensor during the inactive phase of the battery or battery management system. The pressure sensor cyclically measures the pressure within the battery housing and assesses whether a critical condition exists. As a follow-up measure, the battery management system can be activated and emergency measures initiated, such as disconnecting the battery via the safety contactors.

[0014] It is also known to vent the interior of the battery housing in a controlled manner using suitable venting devices, e.g., solenoid valves. The venting device can thus at least partially compensate for the pressure differential between the pressure inside the battery housing and the pressure outside the battery housing.

[0015] Exemplary methods and devices are known from GB 2 584 293 B, US 2022 / 0314837 A1, JP 7 099 335 B2, CN 215 834 653 U and US 10 658 714 B2.

[0016] The present invention is essentially based on the object of detecting a fault in a battery device, such as thermal runaway, as early as possible in a simple and reliable manner. This object is achieved with a method according to claim 1, a control device according to claim 7, a fault detection device according to claim 9, a battery device according to claim 11, a computer program according to claim 12, and a computer-readable medium according to claim 12. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

[0017] The present invention is essentially based on the idea of ​​providing a method for detecting a fault in a battery device of a vehicle having a battery housing, with which a fault in the battery device, in particular in the battery cell, such as a thermal runaway, can be detected early in a simple and reliable manner and the operator of the vehicle can be informed accordingly and a warning signal can be issued.In particular, the present invention is based on the fact that in a battery housing with an active venting device which is designed to at least partially equalize the pressure between the pressure inside the battery housing and the pressure outside the battery housing, in addition to determining the pressure difference between the pressure inside the battery housing and the pressure outside the battery housing, a flow parameter, such as the fluid volume and / or fluid mass flowing out of the battery housing through the venting device over time, can be determined and then, based on this, it can be stated whether or not there is a fault in the battery device.In particular, it can be assumed that a fault exists within the battery housing, for example the battery cell, during an active venting process of the battery housing if the flow parameter exceeds a predetermined flow parameter threshold value.

[0018] This means that the active venting device is (automatically) activated when a certain differential pressure is exceeded and, if the activation of the venting device does not lead to the expected result, namely that the differential pressure between the pressure inside the battery housing and the pressure outside the battery housing falls below the threshold value again, but rather remains above this differential pressure threshold value and at the same time a significantly large flow parameter is still determined, this may indicate a fault in the battery device, in particular the battery cell, such as a thermal runaway of the battery cell.The invention proposes to determine the flow parameter, such as the outflowing fluid volume and / or the outflowing fluid mass over time, based on various parameters, such as the differential pressure between the pressure inside the battery housing and the pressure outside the battery housing, the valve position of the venting device, the temperature inside the battery housing and the use of other physical variables, on the basis of which a fault in the battery device can be detected.

[0019] Accordingly, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting a fault in a battery device of a vehicle having a battery housing is disclosed. The method according to the invention comprises receiving a differential pressure signal from a differential pressure detection device. The differential pressure signal is representative of the pressure difference between the pressure inside the battery housing and the pressure outside the battery housing. The method according to the invention further comprises sending a venting signal to a venting device when the differential pressure signal indicates a pressure difference that is greater than a predetermined pressure difference threshold. The venting signal causes the venting device to at least partially fluidly connect the interior of the battery housing to the exterior of the battery housing to at least partially vent the battery housing.The method according to the invention also comprises receiving a.

[0020] Flow parameter signal from a flow parameter determination unit. The flow parameter signal is representative of a flow parameter of the fluid flowing out of the battery housing during venting of the battery housing. The method according to the invention further comprises determining a fault in the battery device if the flow parameter signal indicates a flow parameter that is greater than a predetermined flow threshold, and transmitting an error signal indicating that a fault in the battery device exists.

[0021] The present invention takes advantage of the fact that during an active venting process of the battery housing of a battery device of a vehicle, in particular an electric vehicle or hybrid vehicle, a flow parameter is additionally determined and evaluated. If the determined flow parameter exceeds the predetermined flow threshold during the active venting of the battery housing, a fault in the battery device can be assumed, and an error signal or warning can be issued to the vehicle operator.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the flow parameter indicates the fluid volume and / or the fluid mass of the fluid flowing out of the battery housing during venting of the battery housing. In particular, the integral over time of a determined fluid volume flow and / or fluid mass flow can be determined.

[0023] In a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the venting device is a directly controlled solenoid valve having a valve piston pressing against a valve seat. The venting signal is designed to cause the valve piston to at least partially detach from the valve seat into an adjustable valve piston position to provide an adjustable opening cross-sectional area through which the fluid can flow out of the battery housing. The flow parameter determination device is designed to determine the flow parameter of the fluid flowing through the directly controlled solenoid valve based at least partially on the valve position of the valve piston and to transmit the corresponding flow parameter signal.It may additionally be advantageous if the flow parameter determination unit is further configured to receive a temperature signal representative of the temperature within the battery housing, to determine the flow parameter of the fluid flowing through the directly controlled solenoid valve at least based on the received temperature signal, and to transmit the corresponding flow parameter signal.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the pressure difference threshold value is approximately 50 mbar.

[0025] According to a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the error signal is designed to control a user interface for displaying a warning to an operator of the vehicle. The warning informs the operator that a fault in the battery device has been detected.

[0026] According to a further aspect of the present invention, a control device is disclosed which is designed to carry out the steps of the method according to one of the preceding claims.

[0027] In an advantageous embodiment, the control device according to the invention comprises a first control device section for carrying out the step of receiving the differential pressure signal from the differential pressure determination device, a second control device section for carrying out the step of transmitting a venting signal, a third control device section for carrying out the step of receiving a flow parameter signal from the flow parameter determination unit, and a fourth control device section for carrying out the step of transmitting an error signal.

[0028] According to a further aspect of the present invention, a fault detection device for a battery device of a vehicle having a battery housing is disclosed, which comprises a differential pressure detection device configured to generate a differential pressure signal representative of the pressure difference between the pressure inside the battery housing and the pressure outside the battery housing, and a control device according to the invention.

[0029] Preferably, the fault detection device further comprises a temperature sensor configured to generate a temperature signal representative of the temperature within the battery housing.

[0030] According to a further aspect of the present invention, a battery device for a vehicle is disclosed, which has a battery housing, at least one battery cell arranged in the battery housing, a venting device which is designed to at least partially fluidly connect the interior of the battery housing to the exterior of the battery housing for at least partially venting the battery housing upon receiving a venting signal, and a fault detection device according to the invention.

[0031] According to a further aspect of the present invention, a computer program is disclosed which comprises instructions which, when executed by a computing unit, cause the computing unit to execute a method according to the invention for detecting a fault in a battery device of a vehicle having a battery housing.

[0032] According to a further aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable medium is disclosed on which the computer program according to the invention is stored.

[0033] Further advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art by practicing the teachings described herein and viewing the accompanying single drawings in which:

[0034] Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an inventive

[0035] Battery device for a vehicle, and Fig. 2 shows an exemplary flowchart of a method according to the invention for detecting a fault in the battery device of Fig. 1.

[0036] Fig. 1 shows a battery device 100 according to the invention, which has a battery housing 110 configured to accommodate a battery 120. As is known in the art, the battery 120 may have at least one battery cell. In Fig. 1, the battery 120 is schematically depicted as a block, although it is self-evident to those skilled in the art that the battery 120 and the battery cells may be arranged and interconnected as known in the art.

[0037] At this point, it should be noted that the "interior of the battery housing 110" encompasses the free area surrounding the battery 120. In particular, this refers to the fluid-filled, preferably air-filled, area around the battery 120 located within the battery housing 110.

[0038] The battery device 100 of Fig. 1 further comprises a venting device 130, which is designed, upon receiving a venting signal, to at least partially fluidly connect the interior of the battery housing 110 to the exterior of the battery housing 110 for at least partially venting the battery housing 110. The venting device 130 is preferably an active venting device that can be controlled by actuating it with a corresponding venting signal. In particular, the degree of opening and thus venting of the venting device 130, i.e., the effective opening cross-sectional area of ​​the venting device 130, can be adjusted such that a desired flow of fluid from the battery housing 110 to the exterior is formed and can occur.

[0039] The venting device 130 is preferably an active solenoid valve having an electric drive with an electromagnet. The electric drive is directly connected to a valve piston acting as a sealing element. When the electromagnet is deactivated, a compression spring keeps the solenoid valve closed by pressing the valve piston against the corresponding valve seat. The flow direction of the medium through the valve is predetermined such that, when the valve is closed, the pressure prevailing inside the battery housing 110 additionally presses the valve piston against the valve seat. To open the valve, the valve piston is lifted from the valve seat by the electromagnetic drive. The minimum force required by the electromagnetic drive to open the solenoid valve depends primarily on the spring force, the valve seat size, and the maximum differential pressure when the valve is closed.As soon as the valve piston detaches from the valve seat, an essentially annular opening is formed with an opening cross-sectional area that depends on the stroke position of the valve piston.

[0040] The battery device 100 of Fig. 1 further comprises a differential pressure sensor 140, which is configured to detect the differential pressure between the pressure inside the battery housing 110 and the pressure outside the battery housing 110. Alternatively, a simple pressure sensor may be present, which is configured to detect the absolute pressure inside the battery housing 110. In such an alternative embodiment, an ambient pressure sensor (not explicitly shown in Fig. 1) may also be present in order to then determine the differential pressure between the interior of the battery housing 110 and the exterior of the battery housing 110 from the signals of the absolute pressure sensor and the ambient pressure sensor.

[0041] Furthermore, it may alternatively be possible to access weather databases instead of an ambient pressure sensor and determine the current pressure of the environment of the battery housing 110.

[0042] The battery device 100 of Fig. 1 also has a temperature sensor 150 which is designed to detect the temperature within the battery housing 110.

[0043] The battery device 100 of Fig. 1 also includes a control device 160, which is electrically connected to the venting device 130, the differential pressure detection device 140, and the temperature sensor 150. The control device 160 of Fig. 1 in turn includes a venting control device 161, which, according to the embodiment of Fig. 1, is electrically connected to the venting device 130 and is configured to send a venting signal to the venting device 130 and thus control the venting device 130.

[0044] The control device 160 of Fig. 1 further comprises a differential pressure determination device 162, which, in the embodiment of Fig. 1, is electrically connected to the differential pressure sensor 140 and is designed to generate a (digital) differential pressure signal from the (analog) signal of the differential pressure sensor 140, which is representative of the differential pressure between the pressure inside the battery housing 110 and the pressure outside the battery housing 110. It is self-evident to those skilled in the art that, in an alternative embodiment, the differential pressure determination device 162 may be a component of the differential pressure sensor 140, which in such an alternative embodiment may already include the differential pressure determination device 162.The differential pressure determining device 162 can further be configured to receive (analog) signals from an ambient pressure sensor in order to determine the differential pressure between the pressure inside the battery housing 110 and the outside of the battery housing 110, taking into account the signals from an absolute pressure sensor that can detect the pressure inside the battery housing 110.

[0045] The control device 160 of Fig. 1 further comprises a temperature determination device 163 which, according to the embodiment of Fig. 1, is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 150 and is designed to generate a temperature signal that is representative of the temperature inside the battery housing 110. In particular, the temperature sensor 150 can transmit (analog) signals to the temperature determination device 163, which in turn can generate a (digital) temperature signal therefrom. In an alternative embodiment, analogous to the differential pressure determination device 162, the temperature determination device 163 can be a component of the temperature sensor 150. The control device 160 of Fig. 1 further comprises a flow parameter determination unit 164, which can be connected in terms of signals to the venting control device 161 and / or the differential pressure determination device 162 and / or the temperature determination device 163.In particular, the flow parameter determination unit 164 is designed to generate a flow parameter signal based on the received signals.

[0046] The control device 160 of Fig. 1 further comprises an evaluation unit 165, which can be designed as a computing unit for the control device 160 and can be configured to carry out mathematical operations, comparisons of signals with predetermined threshold values, etc.

[0047] The control device 160 of Fig. 1 further comprises an error signal transmission unit 166 which is designed to send an error signal to an operator of the vehicle, in particular to an operator display of the vehicle, when an error of the battery device 100 has been detected.

[0048] Those skilled in the art will recognize that all control device sections 161, 162, 163, 165, and 166 of the control device 160 are shown purely as examples in Fig. 1 and can be provided in any desired control-related manner. For example, the venting control device 161 can also be integrated directly into the venting device 130. The same applies, as previously described, to the differential pressure detection device 162 and the temperature detection device 163, which are located in the pressure sensor 140 and the pressure sensor 142, respectively.

[0049] Temperature sensor 150 can be integrated.

[0050] The control device 160, the differential pressure sensor 140, and the temperature sensor 150 may form a fault detection device 170 (see dashed box in Fig. 1), which will be discussed in more detail below. With additional reference to Fig. 2, an exemplary method for detecting a fault in the battery device 100 of Fig. 1 is described below.

[0051] The control device 160 or evaluation unit 165 may include a processor or a computing unit and a memory. Alternatively, the control device 160 or evaluation unit 165 may be the processor or the computing unit connected to the memory. The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU). The processor may further be another general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or another programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or the like. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

[0052] The method of Fig. 2 starts at step 200 and then proceeds to step 210, where the control device 160 receives a differential pressure signal from the differential pressure detection device 162. The differential pressure signal is representative of the differential pressure between the pressure inside the battery housing 110 and the pressure outside the battery housing 110.

[0053] In a subsequent step 220, preferably in the evaluation unit 165 of the control device 160, a comparison is made as to whether the differential pressure signal received in step 210 exceeds a predetermined differential pressure threshold. If it is determined in step 220 that the differential pressure signal received in step 210 indicates a differential pressure that does not exceed the predetermined differential pressure threshold, the method returns to step 210. This means that at this point in time, it is determined that venting and thus pressure equalization between the interior of the battery housing 110 and the exterior of the battery housing 110 is not currently required.However, if it is determined at step 220 that the differential pressure signal received at step 210 indicates a differential pressure that exceeds the predetermined differential pressure threshold, the method proceeds to step 230, at which the vent control device 161 generates a vent signal and sends it to the vent device 130. The vent signal causes the vent device 130 to at least partially open, thus establishing fluid communication between the interior of the battery housing 110 and the exterior of the battery housing. More specifically, it can then be determined that the pressure inside the battery housing 110 is so high that venting of the battery housing 110 is necessary.

[0054] In a subsequent step 240, a flow parameter is determined by means of the flow parameter determination unit 164 during the currently ongoing venting process. The flow parameter can, for example, indicate the fluid volume and / or the fluid mass of the fluid that flows out of the battery housing 110 through the venting device 130 during the venting of the battery housing 110. For example, the flow parameter can be the integral over time of a fluid volume flow and / or the fluid mass flow. In an explicit example, the volume flow of the fluid through the venting device 130 can be determined over time according to the following formula: dV / dt = A(f(valve position)) * sqrt(k * R * T / M) * psi(P_umg / P_Geh) where: dV / dt = volume flow through the venting valve over time A = opening cross-section area depending on the position of the

[0055] Valve piston (f(valve position) k = adiabatic exponent

[0056] R = general gas constant

[0057] T = temperature in battery pack before the vent valve M = molar mass of the gas

[0058] Psi = Correction factor depending on the pressure ratio between the outlet and inlet of the venting device 130 p_Amb = Ambient pressure p_Geh = Pressure in the battery housing 110

[0059] Alternatively, the fluid mass flow can be calculated.

[0060] In a subsequent step 250, a comparison can again be performed using the evaluation device 165 to determine whether the flow parameter determined in step 240 exceeds a predetermined flow parameter threshold. If it is determined in step 250 that the flow parameter determined in step 240 does not exceed the predetermined flow parameter threshold, the method returns to step 210. Alternatively, the method can simply return to step 230, meaning that the venting continues using the venting device.

[0061] However, if it is determined in step 250 that the flow parameter determined in step 240 exceeds the predetermined flow parameter threshold, the method proceeds to step 260, at which an error signal is generated by means of the error signal control device 166 and sent to an operator of the vehicle, in particular to a user interface of the vehicle, indicating an error in the battery device 100, such as the onset of a thermal runaway of the battery 120 arranged in the battery housing 110.

[0062] If the flow parameter determined in step 240 exceeds the predetermined flow parameter threshold, this means that the venting of the battery housing 110 is insufficient and a pressure still prevails within the battery housing 110 that exceeds the predetermined differential pressure threshold. At the same time, it can be stated that the mass or volume of fluid flowing out of the battery housing 110 during the venting process is so large that an anomaly or fault in the battery device 100 can be detected. Furthermore, it can be stated that the venting of the battery housing 110 takes too long and, consequently, too much gas, in particular more than expected, flows out of the battery housing 110 over the opening duration of the venting device.

[0063] With the method according to the invention and the error detection device 170 according to the invention, a fault in the battery device 100 can thus be detected as early as possible in a simple and efficient manner by means of a differential pressure sensor 140 and a corresponding warning can be issued to the operator of the vehicle.

Claims

Patent claims 1 . A method for detecting a fault in a battery device (100) of a vehicle having a battery housing (110), the method comprising: Receiving a differential pressure signal from a differential pressure detecting device (140), wherein the differential pressure signal is representative of the differential pressure between the pressure inside the battery housing (110) and the pressure outside the battery housing (110), Sending a venting signal to a venting device (130) when the differential pressure signal indicates a differential pressure greater than a predetermined differential pressure threshold, wherein the venting signal causes the venting device (130) to at least partially fluidly connect the interior of the battery housing (110) to the exterior of the battery housing (110) for at least partially venting the battery housing (110), Receiving a flow parameter signal from a flow parameter determination unit (164), wherein the flow parameter signal is representative of a flow parameter of the fluid flowing out of the battery housing (110) during venting of the battery housing (110), Determining a fault of the battery device (100) when the flow parameter signal indicates a flow parameter that is greater than a predetermined flow threshold, and Sending an error signal indicating that there is an error in the battery device (100).

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the flow parameter indicates the fluid volume and / or the fluid mass of the fluid that flows out of the battery housing (110) during venting of the battery housing (110).

3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the venting device is a directly controlled solenoid valve (130) which has a valve piston pressing against a valve seat, wherein the venting signal is designed to cause the valve piston to at least partially detach from the valve seat into an adjustable valve piston position for providing an adjustable opening cross-sectional area through which the fluid can flow out of the battery housing, wherein the flow parameter determination unit (164) is designed to determine the flow parameter of the fluid flowing through the directly controlled solenoid valve (130) at least partially based on the valve position of the valve piston and to send the corresponding flow parameter signal.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the flow parameter determination unit (164) is further configured to receive a temperature signal representative of the temperature within the battery housing (110), determine the flow parameter of the fluid flowing through the direct-actuated solenoid valve (130) based at least in part on the received temperature signal, and transmit the corresponding flow parameter signal.

5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the differential pressure threshold is approximately 50 mbar.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the error signal is configured to drive an operator interface to display a warning to an operator of the vehicle, the warning informing the operator that an error in the battery device (100) has been detected.

7. Control device (160) designed to carry out the steps of the method according to one of the preceding claims.

8. Control device (160) according to claim 7, comprising: a first control device section (162) for carrying out the step of receiving a differential pressure signal from the differential pressure determining device (140), a second control device section (161) for carrying out the step of sending a vent signal, a third control device section (164) for carrying out the step of receiving a flow parameter signal from the flow parameter determining device (140), a fourth control device section (166) for carrying out the step of sending an error signal.

9. A fault detection device (170) for a battery device (100) of a vehicle having a battery housing (110), comprising: a differential pressure detection device (140) configured to generate a differential pressure signal representative of the differential pressure between the pressure inside the battery housing (110) and the pressure outside the battery housing (110), and a control device (160) according to one of claims 7 and 8.

10. The fault detection device (170) according to claim 9, further comprising: a temperature sensor (150) configured to To generate a temperature signal that is representative of the temperature inside the battery case (110).

11. A battery device (100) for a vehicle, comprising: a battery housing (110), at least one battery (120) arranged in the battery housing (110), a venting device (130) which is designed to at least partially fluidly connect the interior of the battery housing (110) to the exterior of the battery housing (110) for at least partially venting the battery housing (110) upon receiving a venting signal, and an error detection device (170) according to one of claims 9 and 10.

12. A computer program comprising instructions which, when executed by a computing unit, cause the computing unit to carry out a method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

13. A computer-readable medium on which the computer program according to claim 12 is stored.

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