Platform for storing and / or loading semi-trailers, extension module and method for loading semi-trailers

Abstract

The invention relates to a platform (10) for storing and / or loading semi-trailers, with two side elements (12) extending parallel to each other in a longitudinal direction (L) and spaced apart from each other in a transverse direction (Q) transversely to the longitudinal direction (L), wherein a plurality of stop elements (14) are arranged on each of the side elements (12), a first floor element (16) and a second floor element (18) which are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction (L) and by means of which the two side elements (12) are connected to each other in the transverse direction (Q), wherein the first floor element (16) has a wheel recess (20) adjacent to each of the side elements (12).In order to provide a platform that is flexible in application, yet simple in design and mechanically highly resilient, and has a low dead weight, it is provided that the second floor element (18) has an extension area (22) which cantilevers out from the first floor element (16) in the longitudinal direction (L) of the second floor element (18).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a platform for storing and / or loading semi-trailers, an extension module, and a method for loading semi-trailers.

[0002] From EP4223610A1, a carrying device with a first and a second base, connected to each other by side parts, is known. The disclosed device has a recess in the center of the underside of one of the two bases, allowing the device to be placed on a rail of a pocket trolley. WO 2016 / 141399 A1 and EP 3 623 244 A1 are also cited here as prior art.

[0003] Support devices of the known type offer limited adaptability for use with different semi-trailer configurations. For example, the devices cannot be adjusted if a semi-trailer to be stored or loaded needs to be positioned further within the device due to its number of axles. The same problem can occur if the distance between the wheel axle and the position of the semi-trailer's landing gear varies. In such cases, the landing gear may no longer be able to be placed on the device. If the device is to be placed on a freight train, there is even a risk of collisions with the pocket wagon.

[0004] According to this, known support devices have low flexibility, as they can only be used for certain types of semi-trailers in intermodal transport.

[0005] The invention is therefore based on the objective of providing a platform that is flexible in its application, but at the same time simple in design and mechanically highly resilient, as well as having a low weight.

[0006] The invention solves the problem with a platform according to claim 1, an extension module according to claim 11 and a method according to claim 15. The dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments.

[0007] The platform according to the invention for storing and / or loading semi-trailers has two side elements extending parallel to each other in a longitudinal direction and spaced apart from each other transversely in a transverse direction, with a plurality of stop elements arranged on each side element. Within the scope of the invention, the side elements can be designed as beam supports, profile supports, crossbeams, or support plates. Stop elements, within the scope of the invention, can be understood as means such as gripping edges or similar, which can be brought into operative contact with a lifting device for lifting the platform. The platform can accordingly be lifted by crane or otherwise lifted and loaded via the stop elements. The stop elements can be understood either as an integral part of the respective side element or as an element separately connected to the respective side element.

[0008] The platform according to the invention further comprises a first base element and a second base element, which are spaced apart from each other longitudinally and by means of which the two side elements are connected to each other transversely. According to the invention, the two base elements and the side elements can be formed as a single unit. However, the two base elements can also be separate, i.e., as individual parts vis-à-vis the side elements, in which case they are securely connected to each other.

[0009] According to the invention, the first floor element has a wheel recess adjacent to each of the side elements. Within the scope of the invention, the wheel recesses can be designed such that at least the tires of one axle of the semi-trailer to be stored or loaded can be arranged in them.

[0010] According to the invention, the second floor element has an extension area which, viewed longitudinally from the second floor element, projects outwards away from the first floor element. Within the scope of the invention, the first floor element can have a front edge extending longitudinally away from the platform or the first floor element, whereby the front edge can be understood as a front alignment line of the second floor element. The extension area can project outwards from the second floor element in the region of this front edge, beyond the front alignment line.

[0011] The platform according to the invention exhibits high flexibility while maintaining a low weight, thus enabling the efficient storage and / or loading of loaded semi-trailers of various types. The platform is both simple in design and efficient in use. Compared to known designs of support devices, the platform according to the invention offers significant advantages.

[0012] The side elements can, for example, be designed such that they extend away from the first and second base elements. Preferably, the side elements can be designed as longitudinally elongated support plates, as mentioned above, which extend away from the first and second base elements at a certain height. It is conceivable that an angled transition area is provided between the side elements and the first and second base elements. It is also conceivable that such a transition area is created by means of multiple raised edges. Another conceivable scenario would be that no transition area is provided and thus the transition is direct, particularly at right angles.

[0013] The spacing of the platform's side elements in the transverse direction can be determined, in particular, by the width of the semi-trailer to be supported and, furthermore, by the width of standard pocket trolleys onto which the platform, including the semi-trailer mounted on it, can be loaded. The platform is preferably made of steel or a similarly robust material. The side elements can preferably be made of the same material as, or alternatively, of a different material than, the first and second base elements. This also applies, for example, to the connection between the two base elements. The two base elements can preferably be bonded to the side elements. In an embodiment in which the side elements and the two base elements are formed in one piece, it is possible, for example, for the platform to be formed from a correspondingly shaped support plate.

[0014] The first and second floor elements are preferably arranged at their ends, relative to the longitudinal direction, of the side elements. This means that a first longitudinal end of the side elements coincides with, for example, an outwardly directed rear edge of the first floor element, and a second longitudinal end of the side elements coincides with, for example, an outwardly directed front edge of the second floor element. "Outwardly directed" here can be understood to mean that the respective edge is located on a side facing away from the other floor element. It is conceivable that the first and / or the second floor element projects beyond one of the longitudinal ends of the side elements, and thus the edge or alignment of at least one of the two floor elements is formed in the longitudinal direction in front of the corresponding longitudinal end of the side elements.Regardless of whether the second floor element projects beyond the corresponding longitudinal end of the side elements, the extension area preferably forms a cantilever beyond the front edge or alignment line of the second floor element. In the transverse direction, the extension area can preferably be arranged eccentrically cantilevered from the second floor element. It is also conceivable that, viewed in the transverse direction, the extension area extends across the center of the second floor element.

[0015] As previously explained, the second floor element serves, among other purposes, to provide a surface for supporting the landing gear of a semi-trailer. The second floor element can, for example, function as a support structure. If the distance between the wheel axle of the tires housed in the wheel recesses and the landing gear is greater than the distance between the wheel recesses of the platform and the front edge of the second floor element, safe loading or storage of the semi-trailer may not be guaranteed. The extension section can bridge this gap. In such a case, the landing gear of the semi-trailer can preferably be placed on the projecting extension section. At the same time, the extension section contributes only minimally to the platform's weight and thus only minimally increases the platform's overall size or the size of the second floor element.

[0016] To ensure high stability of the semi-trailer on the platform and ease of handling, it can be advantageous if part of the platform, in particular the first floor element, is designed to independently secure the semi-trailer being stored or loaded. The largest contact area between the semi-trailer and the platform can be found, in particular, in the area of ​​the tires at the wheel recesses. Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the platform also has means for independently securing it against, for example, a pocket wagon of a freight train onto which the semi-trailer is ultimately to be transferred. According to a preferred embodiment, the wheel recesses are therefore designed as depressions or as continuous openings in the first floor element, and the first floor element has a raised central tunnel between the two wheel recesses.The wheel recesses can be limited, particularly in the longitudinal direction, by parts of the first floor element and in the transverse direction outwards by the side elements and then inwards by the central tunnel.

[0017] If the wheel recesses are designed as indentations or as continuous openings in the first floor element, a semi-trailer can secure itself with at least part of its tires within the wheel recess. Particularly during loading, the positioning of the tires in the wheel recess can provide a self-locking or self-locking effect against involuntary movement of the load relative to the first and second floor elements, and thus to the platform.

[0018] If the first floor element is formed, for example, from one or more sheets of uniform thickness or from corresponding beams, it is possible that extension elements are assigned to the first floor element to define the longitudinal boundaries of the wheel recesses. These extension elements can be designed, for example, as beam supports, hollow profile beams, or similar structures. Preferably, two such extension elements can be provided for each wheel recess on the first floor element, mounted on corresponding parts of the first floor element, i.e., on cross members, sheets, beams, or similar components. The extension elements can preferably be trapezoidal in cross-section along the longitudinal direction of the platform. The wheel recesses can be defined longitudinally, for example, by beveled flanks of the extension elements, which allow the tires to be positioned against the platform when the semi-trailer is parked.The extension elements can be dimensioned such that the top surface of the first floor element is flat. The height of the first floor element can, for example, be the same in the area of ​​the extension elements as the height in the area of ​​the central tunnel. It is also conceivable that the top surface of the first floor element lies in the same plane as the top surface of the second floor element.

[0019] It is also possible that the first floor element before or after the respective wheel recess, in the longitudinal direction, or following any extension elements in the aforementioned direction, has a ramp. A ramp can be understood as an element that facilitates driving onto the first floor element longitudinally or exiting the first floor element when continuing to drive. The purpose of such an additional ramp can be, on the one hand, to make it easier to cross the first floor element. On the other hand, when a semi-trailer drives over it, the ramp can act as a self-locking mechanism against the ground, which can counteract any uncontrolled displacement of the platform if the semi-trailer or tractor unit exerts a longitudinal force on the platform when attempting to cross the first floor element.Accordingly, a ramp-up aid can prevent the platform from rearing up when a tractor initially drives onto the first floor element, i.e., with its first wheel axle. A suitable ramp-up aid for this purpose is known, for example, from EP4342730A1.

[0020] The central tunnel can be characterized, for example, by the fact that the material thickness of the first floor element in the area of ​​the central tunnel is less than in adjacent areas, such as those where the wheel recesses are formed. In this case, the first floor element can have a flat surface as its upper surface. Alternatively, the first floor element can also be designed such that the central tunnel is formed as a tunnel-like bulge or profile of the first floor element. The first floor element can preferably be formed from one or more support plates. The central tunnel is thus particularly suitable for placement on a support or rail arranged longitudinally in the pocket wagon. The underside of the platform, and especially of the first floor element, can be designed to conform to the inner contour of a pocket wagon. The central tunnel can thus enable it to follow the inner contour of the pocket wagon.The first and / or second floor element are preferably shaped to conform to the inner surface of a pocket trolley. This simultaneously increases the possible loading height on the platform, as it allows for a deeper sinking into the pocket trolley.

[0021] In a cross-sectional view through the first or second base element in the transverse direction, the platform preferably has a shell- or trough-like shape. In the aforementioned embodiment, the first base element may have a recess due to the central tunnel, which may be tunnel-like in the longitudinal direction. The platform is preferably axially symmetrical about a central longitudinal axis. The central tunnel is therefore particularly preferably arranged centrally between the two side elements. If the first base element is, for example, made of a support plate as described above, it is possible that the first base element, in the aforementioned cross-sectional view, has a "W" shape in the presence of a central tunnel, with the central tunnel, particularly in a flattened form, forming the central point of the "W". The first base element may be connected to the side elements at its outer ends.The side elements can preferably be connected to the first base element in such a way that, in the aforementioned sectional view, the entire platform has a "W" shape. In a sectional view analogously in the transverse direction through the second base element, the platform can then preferably have a "U" shape.

[0022] As previously explained, the first and second base elements are spaced apart longitudinally and are preferably located at the longitudinal ends of the side elements or the platform itself. To minimize the platform's weight, it can be advantageous for the platform's stability to be ensured by the design of the two base elements. According to a further preferred embodiment, a continuous gap is formed between the first and second base elements. This means that, in addition to the two base elements, no further elements are required to connect the side elements transversely. Furthermore, no one-sided fixtures or similar components are necessary to provide the desired platform.The free space can preferably be limited and defined by the inwardly directed end edges of the first and second floor elements, as well as the inner sides of the side elements.

[0023] Semi-trailers often have two laterally arranged and extendable landing gears at the front. These are preferably arranged parallel to each other on the sides of the semi-trailer, so that two laterally spaced areas on the second floor element may be necessary to ensure secure support of the semi-trailer on the platform. In a case such as the one described above, where the position of the landing gears lies behind the front edge of the second floor element due to a different distance to the wheel axle or its tires (which are mounted in the wheel recesses), it can therefore be advantageous to provide several individual, locally projecting extension areas. According to a further preferred embodiment, two extension areas are therefore formed on the second floor element, which project symmetrically from the second floor element with respect to a central longitudinal axis.

[0024] If the platform is used, for example, for a semi-trailer which can be safely parked with its landing gear in front of the leading edge of the second floor element, it can be advantageous for additional space savings in the longitudinal direction if the extension area can optionally be omitted. According to a further preferred embodiment, the extension area is therefore designed as a modular extension area and thus detachable from or attachable to the second floor element. In this way, a support area for landing gear can be optionally provided or removed behind the leading edge of the second floor element, extending beyond the usual length of the platform. Modular attachment can be understood to mean that the modular extension area can be attached to the second floor element in an operating position as defined above, projecting outwards, but can also be optionally detached.It is also possible, analogous to the embodiment described above with two extension areas arranged symmetrically with respect to a central longitudinal axis, for example two modular extension areas are arranged symmetrically with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the second base element.

[0025] A modular extension section, when attached to the second floor element as intended, can, for example, have a width in the transverse direction of between 25 cm and 75 cm, preferably between 35 cm and 60 cm, and particularly preferably between 45 cm and 55 cm. Similarly, a modular extension section can have a length in the longitudinal direction of, for example, between 10 cm and 40 cm, preferably between 15 cm and 35 cm, and particularly preferably between 18 cm and 30 cm. It is also possible for a modular extension section to have means for accommodating additional extensions. It is possible to supplement a modular extension section with extensions. It is also conceivable that the modular extension sections have a geometry that is at least partially rounded or polygonal. The aforementioned dimensions can then, for example, refer to a corresponding maximum longitudinal or lateral extent.

[0026] Accordingly, it can be advantageous if the modular extension section and the second base element have means for creating a detachable connection. The connection is preferably free of play. The means preferably allow a secure and highly load-bearing connection between the two device parts, so that the possibility of storing and / or loading loaded semi-trailers, and thus the maximum load-bearing capacity of the platform, is not reduced. According to a further preferred embodiment, the second base element and the modular extension section have compatible connecting means, in particular for creating a positive-lock connection. A positive-lock connection enables, for example, a connection that is particularly well suited for transferring or absorbing loads. A positive-lock connection is largely free of play.Otherwise, degrees of freedom in the movement can lead to increased stress and wear on the relevant device components.

[0027] It can be advantageous if the modular extension area is assigned an inner connecting or positive locking element, and the second base element an outer connecting or positive locking element. This has the advantage that the basic size of the platform or the second base element does not need to be increased. According to a further preferred embodiment, the modular extension area has a connecting element and the second base element has a receiving element for the connecting element as a connecting means. The connecting element on the modular extension area can therefore be designed, for example, as the "male" component (plug) of a positive-locking plug connection, and the receiving elements accordingly as the "female" component (socket) of the same connection.

[0028] In this case, for example, it is conceivable that the modular extension area, as a connecting element, has a section extending away from a module body. This section can be, for example, plate-like, a polygonal or cylindrical rod, conical, a hook, or similar. The design of the receiving element is preferably based on the shape of the connecting element to be received. The receiving element can accordingly be designed as a recess in the second base element corresponding to the connecting element. Preferably, the connecting means can be designed such that the connection, in particular the positive locking connection, is made or released along the longitudinal direction. However, it is also conceivable that this occurs transversely to the longitudinal direction, preferably from the normal direction onto the top surface of the second base element. The connection direction in which the connection is made or released is thus determined by the design of the connecting element.The direction in which the connection is released can affect its load-bearing capacity and thus the modular extension area, since this direction may represent the only degree of freedom of movement between the two elements in their intended use. In directions other than this, the connection, particularly a positive-locking connection, can be designed to be self-locking against movement or arbitrary release.

[0029] To ensure a stable and durable connection between the modular extension section and the second base element, it can be advantageous to distribute the load across a multi-part connection system. According to a further preferred embodiment, the modular extension section therefore has a plurality of bars as connecting elements, and the second base element has recesses, in particular bores, as corresponding receiving elements. The bars can have a polygonal or, in particular, a cylindrical cross-section. It is also conceivable that the bars are hollow, i.e., designed as tubes. Cylindrical bars have the particular advantage that a force acting in the normal direction on the modular extension section can be more effectively dissipated via the outer surface. Stability can be further increased by using cylindrical tubes instead of cylindrical bars.If such a multi-part connection system is provided, the individual pipes, rods, etc. can preferably be arranged parallel to each other on the modular extension area.

[0030] To provide a way to securely store the modular extension section on the platform, even when it is not needed in its active position at the front edge of the second base element, it can be advantageous if the modular extension section can also be passively attached to the platform in a position where it does not interfere with the platform's effective size. According to a further preferred embodiment, a space is therefore created by the second base element, the first base element, and the side elements, with an additional receiving element provided by which the modular extension section can be secured within this space in a parked position. Preferably, this additional receiving element is designed analogously to the receiving element already present at the front edge.Preferably, the additional receiving element is arranged at the rear end of the second floor element, opposite its front edge. This additional receiving element preferably extends longitudinally from the second floor element towards the first floor element. It is conceivable that the aforementioned connection direction of the receiving element arranged at the front edge is the same as a connection direction for the additional receiving element. Preferably, the receiving elements for the parking position can be arranged transversely between the receiving elements for the operating position. This ensures that the modular extension area in the parking position does not obstruct passage of a towing vehicle or semi-trailer over the second floor element.

[0031] The rear end of the second floor element, as mentioned above, is preferably chamfered upwards towards the front edge. This chamfer facilitates driving over the second floor element. The angle and slope can, for example, be modeled on the design of the previously described extension elements. The front edge of the second floor element can also be chamfered, but preferably it can slope straight down, thus forming a buttress edge.

[0032] Furthermore, it can be advantageous to provide a means of securing the connection between the modular extension section and the second base element. This can prevent, for example, accidental release, as well as the loss of the otherwise movable modular extension section. According to a further preferred embodiment, locking means for securing the connection between the second base element and the modular extension section are therefore arranged on the second base element and / or the modular extension section. For example, it is conceivable that the modular extension section and the second base element can interlock as described above, particularly in a form-fitting manner, and that a locking pin, for example, can be inserted through the connecting means from the outside as a locking element. Release of the connecting means against each other could then, for example,This would only be possible after the locking device has been removed. It is conceivable that the connecting elements each have an opening and / or recess which, when properly connected, are in a position that allows for the aforementioned locking action.

[0033] Furthermore, it is conceivable that the second base element is assigned a locking device which, when the connecting elements are properly connected, can be brought into operative contact with the connecting element of the modular extension area to prevent the modular extension area from being released until the locking device is disengaged. For example, the connecting element of the modular extension area could have an opening, a recess, an undercut, a groove, or similar feature with which a locking device originating from the second base element can engage, or be brought into operative contact. The locking device on the second base element could, for example, be a pin, a plate, a screw, a hook, or similar. In contrast to the previous example, it is therefore not absolutely necessary for the design of the connecting element of the second base element to be adapted as part of the aforementioned locking mechanism.

[0034] Particularly for weight reduction, it can be advantageous, even in other embodiments, for the second floor element to have a skeletal structure, i.e., not be solid. The second floor element can, for example, consist of one or more top and bottom plates or corresponding sheets spaced apart vertically and transversely to both the transverse and longitudinal directions. The spacing and the desired load-bearing capacity can be ensured, for example, by intermediate supports, beams, sheets, or similar elements. It is therefore possible for the second floor element to have one or more cavities. Furthermore, the aforementioned top and bottom surfaces of the second floor element can have recesses for further weight reduction.

[0035] If the connecting element of the modular extension section is designed, for example, as a plate, sheet metal, or as a plurality of rods, fingers, or tubes, then a section may be provided on the connecting element or on a part thereof, which is designed as a recess, opening, or preferably as a groove. In particular, a through-opening may again be provided on the upper side of the second floor element facing the semi-trailer to be stored or loaded, which is in contact with a cavity and / or the connecting element of the second floor element. It is then particularly possible that, for example, a connecting element of the modular extension section is arranged in the cavity, at least with respect to the area of ​​the aforementioned groove or similar feature, when connected as intended, so that a plate, a pin, or similar device can be brought into contact with the groove, for example, through the through-opening as a locking element.

[0036] One example of such a safety device is a fall arrestor. A fall arrestor can be guided through the aforementioned opening and, in the closed position, have one end section located in the aforementioned cavity. The fall arrestor can, for example, be manually pulled upwards so that the aforementioned end section is no longer in the cavity or within the effective range of, for example, the groove or similar feature of the connecting element of the modular extension section. It is conceivable that the fall arrestor could be equipped with springs or similar devices that exert a force to hold the fall arrestor in the closed position. To allow the fall arrestor to slide through, it is conceivable that the fall arrestor is supported within the opening. It is also possible that supporting the fall arrestor within the opening allows for a sliding motion between the closed and open positions, for example.by storing it in a slotted hole or similar.

[0037] It is also conceivable that the connecting element of the second floor element and / or the connecting element of the modular extension area is assigned a force storage device, e.g. a mechanical spring, which exerts a securing force on the connecting element of the modular extension area or on an additional retaining element.

[0038] The locking force can preferably be directed in or against a connection direction as described above. If the locking force is directed, for example, against the connection direction, a wedge effect can occur when the connection is made as intended and the locking device engages as described above, which additionally secures the locking device and thus the connection as intended.

[0039] For example, the connecting element of the second base element can be designed as a plurality of bores, and the connecting element of the modular extension section as a plurality of tubes corresponding to the bores. One of the tubes can have a groove, particularly a circumferential one, in an end section facing away from the modular extension section. When the two connecting elements are connected as intended, the groove can be located in a cavity in the second base element. A fall arrestor can then engage with the groove. One or more of the bores in the second base element can, for example, interact with a force storage device. When the connection is made as intended, a force directed against the connection direction can then be applied to the modular extension section by the mechanical springs.This can result in an additional securing wedge being created between the aforementioned groove and the drop element. It is also conceivable that such a force storage device is arranged in addition to the connecting elements on the modular extension section or the second base element in the area of ​​its connecting elements.

[0040] In this context, it is conceivable that a spring-loaded hook or snap lock is arranged as an additional locking element in the area of ​​the connecting element of the second base element or on the modular extension section. The other device part can then have a fixed bolt or similar component with which the hook, for example, can be engaged. The hook, for example, can have a corresponding recess for receiving the bolt. The spring force preferably prevents the aforementioned parts from being accidentally released from one another. During the process of establishing the intended connection, both in the working position and in the parked position, the hook can be retracted, particularly manually. When it is released upon reaching the final position of the modular extension section, the hook receives the bolt in the aforementioned recess, for example.

[0041] Once the connection between the second floor element and the modular extension area has been established and secured, it is preferable that both the locking mechanism, e.g. the top-side fall protection, and, if necessary, the spring-loaded hook in the area of ​​the connection between the connecting elements, be released before the modular extension area can be separated from the second floor element.

[0042] The principles for securing the modular extension area on the second floor element can also be applied to other designs of the connecting means or the locking device.

[0043] It was previously explained that the connecting element of the modular extension section may preferably have a section designed as a recess, opening, groove, or similar feature. Alternatively, an analogous interaction with a raised section on at least part of the connecting element of the modular extension section is also conceivable. As mentioned above, a locking element inserted through a through-opening into a cavity of the second base element could, analogously with a local elevation on at least part of the connecting element of the modular extension section, secure the modular extension section to the second base element. However, a recessed or recessed section can have the advantage that, particularly for creating a positive-locking connection, such a section does not require further modifications to the connecting element of the second base element.A local elevation, such as a bulge or similar, on at least part of the connecting element of the extension module could necessitate a structural adjustment of the corresponding connecting element of the second floor element, whereby, due to the only local elevation, the further portion of the connecting element of the modular extension area could then exhibit play in that area.

[0044] The invention further relates to an extension module for cantilevered attachment to a platform according to one of the embodiments described above, in which a platform has a modularly designed extension area.

[0045] The preceding definitions and explanations regarding the design of a modular extension area can be applied analogously to the extension module according to the invention. Likewise, the following explanations regarding the extension module can be applied to a modular extension area as described above.

[0046] The extension module according to the invention has a module body with a planar support surface and a coupling section, wherein the coupling section is connected to the module body and has a connecting means which extends away from the module body.

[0047] A support surface can be defined as a surface designed to support the support winches of a semi-trailer that is to be stored or loaded on a corresponding platform. The support surface is preferably flat. It may have a coating or topology that increases friction. It is conceivable that the coupling section is an integral part of the module body and that the connecting element extends away from the module body accordingly. Preferably, the connecting element extends away from the module body in a direction that is perpendicular, particularly perpendicular, to a normal vector of the support surface. This can be advantageous for integrating the extension module into the design of an existing platform and, in particular, for ensuring high load-bearing capacity.

[0048] When properly connected to a second base element in an operating position as defined above, the support surface can preferably be directed towards the load, i.e., away from any floor, terminal floor, or similar surface. In such a connection or attachment to the second base element, the support surface can preferably be arranged in the same plane as the top surface of the second base element. When installed in a parking position as also defined above, the support surface can preferably be directed away from the load, i.e., oriented towards any terminal floor.

[0049] To save weight and increase the longevity of the extension module, it can be advantageous if the module body, analogous to the aforementioned second base element, is skeletal in design, particularly not solid. According to a preferred embodiment, the module body is therefore designed as a housing that spans an interior space, with the connecting element partially located within this interior space. The fact that the connecting element projects into the housing allows for increased stability under high loads. Furthermore, this design is compact and therefore lightweight. It is conceivable that the module body or housing is formed from one or more top and bottom plates or sheets. It is conceivable that at least the bottom plates or sheets are profiled and / or bent or folded. It is conceivable that the underside of the module body or housing is...The housing is formed from a multiply bent sheet of steel. The support surface can project beyond the preferably multiply bent underside of the housing or module body in a longitudinal direction. This longitudinal direction preferably coincides with the length of a platform when connected as intended. The underside sheet of the housing can preferably be formed parallel to the support surface in the area of ​​the coupling section and bent upwards longitudinally until it contacts the upper sheet of steel. It is also conceivable that the underside of the housing of the extension module is mechanically designed as a support for the support surface.

[0050] The aforementioned contact area between the underside and top side of the extension module can preferably be arranged at an end of the housing opposite the coupling section when viewed longitudinally.

[0051] The housing can have a flat end face in the area of ​​the coupling section, so that, when connected as intended, the housing can be in contact with the front edge of the second base element in the aforementioned operating position, particularly if the front edge of the second base element is designed as a butt joint, as mentioned above. The curved portion of the underside sheet metal, preferably opposite the coupling section, can be angled such that the housing in this area serves as a contact surface for an inner surface of a pocket trolley.

[0052] Furthermore, if a spring-loaded additional locking element is provided, a hook, snap lock, or similar device may preferably be arranged at least partially inside the housing of the connection module. Preferably, at least part of the hook or similar device protrudes from the interior to simplify manual operation.

[0053] The distance between the top and bottom of the module body or housing can preferably be modeled on the height of the second base element, so that the support surface and a top surface of the second base element preferably lie in one plane when connected as intended.

[0054] To ensure high stability and load-bearing capacity, it can be advantageous if the connecting element is designed in a way that is particularly well suited to dissipating forces. According to a further preferred embodiment, the connecting element is therefore designed as a plurality of connecting fingers arranged side by side.

[0055] When a connecting module is properly connected to the second base element of a platform, it can be advantageous, as mentioned above, to provide a locking mechanism for the connection. According to a further preferred embodiment, the connecting element therefore includes a locking device. This can be, for example, a groove, recess, opening, or similar feature. For instance, a groove in at least part of the connecting element can serve as the locking device, designed to accommodate a fall arrestor or similar device as described above.

[0056] Finally, the invention relates to a method for loading semi-trailers with a platform comprising an extension module. The extension module can again be understood analogously to the modular extension area in the preceding explanations and definitions of the platform.

[0057] The method according to the invention comprises the steps Provision of the platform, removal of the extension module from a parking position and placement in an operating position, driving the semi-trailer onto the platform, extending the semi-trailer's support winches so that they rest on at least one cantilevered extension module, lifting the loaded platform and placing it on a pocket trolley.

[0058] As mentioned above, the parking position can be understood in particular as a mounting of the extension module in which the extension module does not increase the overall size of the platform. If, for example, a continuous gap is formed between a first floor element and a second floor element of the corresponding platform, the extension module in the parking position is preferably arranged in this gap, and in particular attached to the platform in such a way that it is positioned within this gap. The active position can be understood in particular as a cantilevered mounting of the extension module on a front edge of the second floor element.

[0059] In the aforementioned procedure, the semi-trailer is driven onto the platform in such a way that one of its wheel axles is positioned in wheel recesses of the first floor element of the platform.

[0060] An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the figures. The figures show: Fig. 1 a perspective view of a platform for storing and / or loading a semi-trailer according to one embodiment, Fig. 2 a close-up view of a section of the platform according to Fig. 1 along a section line AA, Fig. 3 a perspective view of an extension module according to one embodiment.

[0061] Fig. 1Figure 10 illustrates a platform suitable for storing a loaded semi-trailer (not shown) and / or loading it onto a pocket wagon of a freight train. The platform 10 has two side sections 12 extending parallel to each other in a longitudinal direction L. These are each formed from a single sheet of steel and are provided with rounded recesses to reduce weight and increase stability. Each side section 12 has two gripping edges 14, allowing the platform 10 to be lifted, e.g., by crane, even when loaded.

[0062] The side parts 12 are transversely connected in the transverse direction Q by a first base element 16 and a second base element 18. A wheel recess 20 is formed in the first base element 16 adjacent to each of the two side parts 12. In this case, the wheel recesses 20 are designed as through openings. In other embodiments, however, the wheel recesses 20 can also be designed as a recess in the first base element 16, in which case they may, for example, each have a base on the underside.

[0063] The first floor element 16 has a ramp 23 at each end in the area of ​​the wheel recesses 20, relative to the transverse direction Q. The ramps 23 each consist of a plurality of finger-like individual elements, each of which is individually rotatable on a bearing element (not illustrated here). The wheel recesses 20 are bounded longitudinally L by extension elements 21 and externally in the transverse direction Q by the side parts 12.

[0064] Between the two wheel recesses 20, in the transverse direction Q, a raised central tunnel 24 is arranged. This means, in particular, that the first floor element 16 has a bulge on its underside in the area of ​​the central tunnel 24. In this area, the underside of the first floor element 16 is raised compared to the areas of the first floor element 16 that define the wheel recesses 20 in the longitudinal direction L.

[0065] The second floor element 18 has, in the longitudinal direction, a rear end flank 28 and a front end edge 26. The rear end flank 28 is chamfered upwards towards the front end edge 26. This facilitates crossing by a tractor unit and / or semi-trailer. The front end edge 26 slopes directly vertically, thus forming a collision edge. Recesses for weight reduction are formed on one upper surface of the second floor element 18. As shown here in Fig. 1 Although not immediately apparent, the second floor element has 18 cavities which can also be accessed via the aforementioned recesses.

[0066] With respect to the longitudinal direction L, between the first floor element 16 and the second floor element 18, as Fig. 1As illustrated, a continuous, i.e., uninterrupted, free space 30 is formed. In the transverse direction Q, the free space 30 is bounded by the side parts 12.

[0067] At the front edge 26 is in Fig. 1 For example, an extension module 22 is connected to the second base element 18 in an active position, and another extension module 22 is connected to the rear end flank 28 in a parked position. In this embodiment, the extension modules 22 are thus arranged within the free space 30 in the parked position. In the active position, the extension module 22, as it is Fig. 1 illustrated, a projection from the front edge 26 of the second floor element 18.

[0068] Just as the platform 10 as such is axially symmetric with respect to a central longitudinal axis M, means for connecting the extension modules 22 are also axially symmetric with respect to the central longitudinal axis M, both at the front end edge 26 and at the rear end flank 28.

[0069] Fig. 2 Figure 1 illustrates in particular how the extension modules 22 are connected to the second floor element 18. The second floor element 18 has connecting holes 26 arranged symmetrically with respect to the central longitudinal axis M. These are located on the front end edge 26 at the outer edges of the end edge 26 with respect to the transverse direction Q. On the rear end flank 28, the connecting holes are arranged centrally and are thus located outside a driving lane for the tractor unit or semi-trailer.

[0070] The extension modules 22 have connecting tubes 34 corresponding to the connecting bores 36, which together can form a positive-locking connection. For this purpose, the extension modules 22 are inserted parallel to the longitudinal direction L with their connecting tubes 34 into the connecting bores 36 until a stop point is reached. At the front end edge 26, the connecting module 22 with its connecting tubes 34 is inserted into the connecting tubes 36 until the end edge 26 forms a flat stop.

[0071] On the upper side of the second base element 18, a fall arrestor 32 is assigned to each unit of connecting pipes 36. When the extension module 22 is inserted, the fall arrestor 32, which is not shown in detail here, engages with a part of the corresponding extension module 22. The fall arrestors 32 are arranged centrally opposite the respective unit of connecting pipes 36 with respect to the transverse direction Q. Furthermore, in Fig. 2 A snap hook 38 is visible on the front extension module 22, which will be further illustrated below.

[0072] In the Fig. 1 and 2 For illustrative purposes only, one connection module 22 is arranged in the parked position and another in the operating position. In operation, both extension modules 22 would preferably be arranged either in the operating or the parked position in the illustrated embodiment as well.

[0073] Fig. 3Figure 22 further illustrates the construction of an extension module 22 according to one embodiment. This module has a support surface 40 and a base plate 42, which are spaced apart from each other and parallel to each other in the area of ​​a coupling section 41. The support surface 40 and the base plate 42 define an interior space 43, from which seven connecting tubes 34 extend parallel to each other. In the direction away from the coupling section 41, the base plate 42 has a bending area 44 in which the base plate 42 is bent upwards and rises in the direction of the support surface 40 until the base plate 42 contacts the support surface 40 in a contact area 46. The support surface 40 projects beyond the base plate 42 beyond the contact area 46.

[0074] In interior space 43 there is another in Fig. 3A pin (not shown) is arranged, its two ends connected to the support surface 40 on one side and the base plate 42 on the other. A mechanical spring 39 and a snap hook 38 are arranged on the pin and are operatively connected to each other. The snap hook 38 is rotatably mounted on the pin via the spring 39. The snap hook 38 has a groove at one end for receiving another bolt, pin, or similar component, which is not shown here. At another end, the snap hook 38 has a lever-like arm, which allows the snap hook 38 to be manually moved relative to the spring 39.

[0075] How Fig. 3Finally, as illustrated, the middle of the seven connecting tubes 34 shown here has a locking element 48, which is assigned to the end of the connecting tube 34 facing away from the coupling section 41. The connecting tubes 34 are all of the same length. The locking element 48 accordingly extends beyond the original length of the connecting tube 34. The locking element 48 is bonded to the connecting tube 34. In other embodiments, it can also be inserted or screwed into the corresponding connecting tube 34 via a threaded system. The locking element 48 has a circumferential groove 50. The groove 50 is designed to receive a fall arrestor 32 according to Fig. 2 trained. Reference symbol list

[0076] 10 Loading platform L Longitudinal direction 12 side panels M central longitudinal axis 14 Gripping edges Q transverse direction 16 first floor element 18 second floor element 20 Wheel well 21 Add-on element 22 Extension module 23 Collision ramp 24 Central tunnel 26 front edge 28 rear finishing flank 30 open space 32 Fall protection 34 Connecting pipes 36 Connecting holes 38 Snap hook 39 Feather 40 upper support surface 41 Coupling section 42 Base plate 43 interior 44 Bending range 46 Contact area 48 Safety devices 50 Nut AA Intersection line

Claims

1. Platform (10) for storing and / or loading semi-trailers, comprising: - two side elements (12) extending parallel to each other in a longitudinal direction (L) and spaced apart from each other in a transverse direction (Q) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L), wherein a plurality of stop elements (14) are arranged on each of the side elements (12), - a first floor element (16) and a second floor element (18) which are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction (L) and by means of which the two side elements (12) are connected to each other in the transverse direction (Q), wherein - the first floor element (16) has a wheel recess (20) adjacent to each of the side elements (12), characterized by the fact that - the second floor element (18) has an extension area (22) which, viewed from the second floor element (18) in the longitudinal direction (L) away from the first floor element (16), is designed to project outwards.

2. Platform (10) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact thatthe wheel recesses (20) are formed as depressions or as continuous openings in the first floor element (16), and wherein the first floor element (16) has a raised central tunnel (24) between the two wheel recesses (20).

3. Platform (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that a continuous free space (30) is formed between the first floor element (16) and the second floor element (18).

4. Platform (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that On the second floor element (18) two extension areas (22) are formed, which cantilever symmetrically with respect to a central longitudinal axis (M) of the second floor element (18).

5. Platform (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact thatthe extension area (22) is designed as a modular extension area and is therefore detachable from or attachable to the second floor element (18).

6. Platform (10) according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that the second floor element (18) and the modular extension area (22) have compatible connecting means (34,36), in particular for creating a positive locking connection.

7. Platform (10) according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the modular extension area (22) has a connecting element (34) and the second floor element (18) has a receiving element (36) for the connecting element (34) as a connecting means.

8. Platform (10) according to one of claim 7, characterized by the fact that the modular extension area (22) has a plurality of rods as connecting element (34) and the second base element (18) has recesses, in particular bores (36), as corresponding receiving element.

9. Platform (10) according to one of claims 5-8, characterized by the fact that A free space (30) is spanned by the second floor element (18), the first floor element (16), and the side elements (12), with a further receiving element being provided with which the modular extension area (22) can be secured within the free space (30) in a park position.

10. Platform (10) according to one of claims 6-9, characterized by the fact that Locking means (32) for locking the connection between the second floor element (18) and the modular extension area (22) are arranged on the second floor element (18) and / or the modular extension area (22).

11. Extension module (22) for cantilevered attachment to a platform (10) according to one of claims 5-10, comprising a module body having a planar support surface (40) and a coupling section (41), wherein the coupling section (41) is connected to the module body and has a connecting means (34) which extends away from the module body.

12. Extension module (22) according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that the module body is designed as a housing which spans an interior space (43), and wherein the connecting means (34) is partially arranged in the interior space (43).

13. Extension module (22) according to one of claims 11-12, characterized by the fact that the connecting element (34) is designed as a plurality of connecting tubes arranged side by side.

14. Extension module (22) according to one of claims 11-13, characterized by the fact that the connecting element (34) has a securing element (50).

15. Method for loading semi-trailers with a platform (10) comprising at least one extension module (22) according to one of claims 11-14, comprising the steps of: - providing the platform (10), - removing the extension module (22) from a parking position and placing it in an operating position, - driving the semi-trailer onto the platform (10), - extending the support winches of the semi-trailer such that they rest on the at least one projecting extension module (22), - lifting the loaded platform (10) and placing it on a trolley.

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