Evacuation plate for a motor vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates, inter alia, to an evacuation plate (10) for making it possible for a motor vehicle with at least one blocked wheel (12) to be evacuated from the building. The evacuation plate (10) comprises a plate-shaped body (14). The body (14) has an upper frictional side (16) for making adhering contact with a wheel (12) standing on the upper frictional side (16) and a lower sliding side (20) for sliding over an underlying surface.

Description

[0001] Evacuation panel for a motor vehicle

[0002] Description

[0003] The invention relates to an evacuation panel for enabling the evacuation of a motor vehicle with at least one locked wheel from a building. The invention further relates to a method for parking a motor vehicle in a building in a manner that allows for evacuation. The invention further relates to a method for evacuating a parked motor vehicle, in which a first and optionally a second wheel is locked, from a building.

[0004] Evacuating heavy commercial vehicles such as trucks or buses from buildings in hazardous situations can be time-consuming, require special equipment, and in some cases may not be possible at all. The evacuation can also be made more difficult if the heavy commercial vehicle's wheels are locked by a parking brake. Towing a heavy commercial vehicle with locked wheels out of a building can be impossible, even for heavy fire service vehicles. However, if the heavy commercial vehicle cannot be evacuated from the building in time, there is a risk of significant consequential damage to the commercial vehicle and the building, depending on the hazardous situation. For example, extinguishing the fire on the commercial vehicle can permanently damage the building (e.g., with electric vehicles), a fire in the building can spread to the commercial vehicle, or a fire in the commercial vehicle can spread to the building.Particularly in workshop buildings where heavy commercial vehicles are to be repaired, there is an increased risk that a damaged commercial vehicle will have to be quickly evacuated from the building, for example due to a thermal runaway of a traction battery.

[0005] Accordingly, there is a need for an efficient evacuation concept that can also be used to evacuate heavy commercial vehicles, e.g., those powered by electric drive, hydrogen, etc., from a building.

[0006] CN 107521468 A discloses a sliding system in which a motor vehicle can be moved in one direction on fl-shaped carriages via a type of rail system.

[0007] The invention is based on the object of developing an improved technology with which motor vehicles, in particular heavy commercial vehicles such as trucks and buses, can be safely and quickly evacuated from a building in dangerous situations, even if, for example, the wheels of the vehicle's drive axle are blocked. This object is achieved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous further developments are specified in the dependent claims and the description.

[0008] One aspect of the present disclosure relates to an evacuation plate for enabling the evacuation of a motor vehicle with at least one wheel locked (e.g., by means of a parking brake) from a building. The evacuation plate comprises a plate-shaped, preferably cuboid-shaped, body with an upper (e.g., flat or profiled) friction side for adhesively contacting a wheel located on the upper friction side, which wheel is (made of) a rubber compound. The plate-shaped body further comprises a lower (e.g., flat) sliding side for sliding over a surface (e.g., the building) made of asphalt, tar, or concrete.

[0009] The evacuation plate can advantageously enable a motor vehicle, particularly a heavy commercial vehicle, to be parked in a way that is suitable for evacuation with comparatively little effort. By placing the evacuation plate under a wheel before the actual incident requiring evacuation occurs, the vehicle can be pulled in all directions at any time with significantly reduced effort, even if the wheel is blocked. In detail, one evacuation plate can be positioned under each wheel that can be locked, for example, using a parking brake. For example, the vehicle can be rolled onto the evacuation plates already in place on the ground. With the help of the evacuation plate, trucks and buses (e.g. in the event of a fire with electric vehicles) can be evacuated from a workshop building, for example using a fire department towing vehicle, and transported to a quarantine area.Secondary injuries to people can be completely avoided. Damage to the building caused by fire can be significantly reduced or even prevented. All that's required is the evacuation panel, which itself is compact and lightweight, allowing for very easy handling.

[0010] Preferably, the cuboid body may have a rectangular, preferably square, cross-section.

[0011] For example, the friction side and / or the sliding side can be rectangular, preferably square. In one embodiment, the evacuation plate further comprises a handle element for carrying the evacuation plate (e.g., manually) and / or for hanging the evacuation plate (e.g., on a wall), which handle element is connected to the plate-shaped body, preferably on an outer peripheral side of the plate-shaped body. This advantageously makes handling and storage of the evacuation plate significantly easier.

[0012] In a further embodiment, the handle element is designed as a loop or a strap. Alternatively or additionally, the handle element is made of a fabric, preferably nylon fabric. Alternatively or additionally, the handle element is screwed and / or glued to the plate-shaped body. Advantageously, the handle element can thus have a simple structure and be comparatively durable.

[0013] It is also possible for the handle element to be integrated into the plate-shaped body, e.g. as a grip recess or a grip through-hole.

[0014] In one embodiment, a lower, preferably circumferential, outer edge of the plate-shaped body and / or the lower sliding side is chamfered. This advantageously allows the evacuation plate to slide over the ground without being blocked by stones, etc., but rather simply glide over them.

[0015] In a further embodiment, the plate-shaped body has at least one friction element, preferably mat-shaped and / or profiled, preferably made of a rubber compound or designed as (at least one) chequered plate, which forms the upper friction side. Advantageously, the friction side can thus be formed in a simple manner by a suitable friction element with a high coefficient of static friction relative to the vehicle wheel. Advantageously, no special solution is required for this. Instead, standard parts, such as an anti-slip mat, can be used as the friction element. The use of a simple chequered plate is also possible.

[0016] In one embodiment, the plate-shaped body has a sliding element, preferably a polytetrafluoroethylene element, a polyamide element (e.g., cast PA or cast nylon), a polyethylene element, or a sliding plastic element, which forms the lower sliding side. Advantageously, the sliding side can thus be easily formed by a suitable sliding element with a low coefficient of static and sliding friction with the substrate. Advantageously, no special solution is required for this. Instead, standard parts, such as a polytetrafluoroethylene plate or a plate made of another sliding plastic (e.g., PA, PE, POM, or PP), or a mixture of sliding plastics, can be used.

[0017] In a further embodiment, the sliding element is screwed to the at least one friction element by means of several screw connections, preferably in such a way that the several screw connections are recessed into the sliding element and / or into the at least one friction element. This advantageously ensures a durable construction that can withstand high loads and preferably does not negatively affect the friction properties of the friction side or the sliding properties of the sliding side.

[0018] In one embodiment, the plate-shaped body is multi-layered, preferably two-layered or three-layered. Preferably, the at least one friction element can form an upper layer of the plate-shaped body. Alternatively or additionally, the sliding element can form a lower layer of the plate-shaped body. Advantageously, the various functional areas of the plate-shaped body can thus be assigned their own layer, which simplifies the structure and improves functionality.

[0019] In a further embodiment, the plate-shaped body has a preferably plate-shaped support element, preferably a sheet metal element, particularly preferably a sheet steel element, preferably as an intermediate layer of the plate-shaped body. Preferably, the at least one friction element can be attached to the support element, preferably by gluing and / or screwing (e.g., to the sliding element). Alternatively or additionally, the sliding element can be attached to the support element, preferably by screwing (e.g., to the friction element). This advantageously makes it possible to use less stable or resilient elements for the sliding side and the friction side, since the support element can provide the desired load-bearing capacity of the evacuation plate and, for example, securely support the sliding element and the friction element.

[0020] Preferably, the plurality of screw connections can extend through the support element.

[0021] In a further embodiment, the plate-shaped body is a plastic body, preferably a cast plastic body, particularly preferably a PA cast body or a nylon cast body. Advantageously, the plate-shaped body can be manufactured very easily and cost-effectively in this way. In a further embodiment, the upper friction side has two sleepers and a curvature arranged between the two sleepers to accommodate the wheel located on the upper friction side. Advantageously, in this way, a braked wheel can be held in a slightly form-fitting enclosure, which is only driven over a very low sleeper, by the weight of the motor vehicle and the sleeper, which acts in the direction of travel through the wheel shape. For example, an additional friction element can be dispensed with.

[0022] Preferably, the curvature between the two sleepers may have a corrugated surface.

[0023] Preferably, the plastic body, preferably plastic cast body, particularly preferably PA cast body or nylon cast body, can have the two thresholds and the curvature.

[0024] Alternatively, the plate-shaped body can have a wheel shell with the two sleepers and the curvature.

[0025] In one embodiment, the plate-shaped body has a length in a range between 400 mm and 1000 mm, preferably between 450 mm and 800 mm, particularly preferably between 500 mm and 600 mm. Alternatively or additionally, the plate-shaped body has a width in a range between 400 mm and 1000 mm, preferably between 450 mm and 800 mm, particularly preferably between 500 mm and 600 mm. Advantageously, the plate-shaped body can thus be dimensioned such that one wheel or two wheels of a dual tire arrangement can be located on the friction side of the plate-shaped body.

[0026] A further aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for the evacuatable parking of a preferably battery-electric or hydrogen-powered motor vehicle (e.g., a truck or bus) in a building to enable evacuation of the parked motor vehicle, in which at least one wheel (e.g., lockable by a parking brake) is locked, from the building. The method comprises providing an evacuation plate as disclosed herein and optionally a further evacuation plate as disclosed herein, e.g., lying on a subsurface (floor) of the building. The method comprises parking, preferably rolling (e.g., driving), the motor vehicle into a parking position in the building.In the parking position, a first wheel of an axle, preferably the drive axle, of the motor vehicle, which can preferably be locked by means of a parking brake, is positioned on the upper friction side of the evacuation plate, and optionally a second wheel of the axle, which can preferably be locked by means of the parking brake, is positioned on the upper friction side of the further evacuation plate. The method can achieve the same advantages that have already been described herein with reference to the evacuation plate.

[0027] It is understood that the method works particularly well when both the evacuation plate and the additional (second) evacuation plate are used. However, the method is already effective when only one evacuation plate is used, as this can significantly reduce the force required to evacuate the motor vehicle.

[0028] It is also possible to use an evacuation plate that is dimensioned so that both the first wheel and the second wheel can be on the upper friction side of this evacuation plate.

[0029] It is possible that a parking brake (e.g. pneumatic) of the motor vehicle is or will be activated in the parked position.

[0030] In one embodiment, the motor vehicle is a truck or a bus. As mentioned, the evacuation panel is particularly preferably used in such heavy commercial vehicles.

[0031] It is also possible that the motor vehicle is a self-propelled work machine, e.g., an excavator, construction machine, mining vehicle, etc.

[0032] In a further embodiment, the building is a workshop building or a building with a parking lot. Alternatively or additionally, the motor vehicle can be serviced, inspected, repaired, and / or parked in the parking position. As mentioned, the evacuation panel is particularly preferably used in workshops, etc., where already damaged motor vehicles are parked.

[0033] In a further embodiment, the motor vehicle parked in the parking position is damaged, e.g., due to a previous accident. As mentioned, the evacuation panel can particularly preferably be used for the evacuatable parking of already damaged motor vehicles in buildings.

[0034] A further aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for evacuating a parked motor vehicle, in which a first and optionally a second wheel is blocked (e.g., by means of a parking brake and / or due to a defect), from a building via an underground surface. The method comprises parking the motor vehicle according to the method for evacuable parking disclosed herein. The method comprises evacuating, preferably emergency towing, the motor vehicle, preferably by means of another motor vehicle, from the building, wherein the first wheel adheres to the upper friction side of the evacuation plate and the evacuation plate slides over the underground surface, and optionally the second wheel adheres to the upper friction side of the further evacuation plate and the further evacuation plate slides over the underground surface, e.g., in any desired direction and / or toward a quarantine area outside the building.

[0035] The above-described preferred embodiments and features of the invention can be combined with one another as desired. Further details and advantages of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. They show:

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a wheel on an evacuation plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a plan view of the exemplary evacuation plate;

[0038] Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a bottom view of the exemplary evacuation plate;

[0039] Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view through the exemplary evacuation plate along a line AA in Figure 2; and

[0040] Figure 5 is a schematic side view of a wheel on an evacuation plate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] The embodiments shown in the figures correspond at least partially, so that similar or identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals and for their explanation reference is also made to the description of the other embodiments or figures in order to avoid repetition.

[0042] Figures 1 to 4 show different views of an evacuation plate 10. As will be described in more detail, the evacuation plate enables, for example, emergency towing of a motor vehicle in which at least one wheel 12 is blocked.

[0043] The evacuation plate 10 has a plate-shaped body 14. Optionally, the evacuation plate 10 can have a handle element 32. Preferably, the plate-shaped body 14 can have a rectangular, particularly preferably square, cross-section in a plane perpendicular to its vertical axis.

[0044] The plate-shaped body 14 can preferably be dimensioned such that one wheel or two wheels of a double tire can stand on it.

[0045] The plate-shaped body 14 can, for example, have a length in a range between 400 mm and 1000 mm, preferably between 450 mm and 800 mm, particularly preferably between 500 mm and 600 mm. The plate-shaped body 14 can have a width in a range between 400 mm and 1000 mm, preferably between 450 mm and 800 mm, particularly preferably between 500 mm and 600 mm. The plate-shaped body 14 can, for example, have a height between 15 mm and 35 mm, preferably between 20 mm and 30 mm.

[0046] The plate-shaped body 14 has an upper friction side 16 and a lower sliding side 20. The friction side 16 and the sliding side 20 can be opposite sides of the plate-shaped body 14.

[0047] The friction side 16 is designed to make adhesive contact with a wheel 12 located on the upper friction side, made of a rubber compound. The friction side 16 is designed to achieve the greatest possible static friction and sliding friction with the wheel. For example, the coefficient of static friction (coefficient of friction) between the friction side 16 and the wheel 12 can be > 0.8 or > 0.9.

[0048] It is also possible for two wheels or tires of a dual tire system, e.g. of a truck, to be on the friction side 16.

[0049] Preferably, the friction side 16 can form an entire upper side of the plate-shaped body 14.

[0050] The friction side 16 can preferably be formed by at least one friction element 18. The friction element 18 can also be referred to as an anti-slip element or an adhesive element. As shown in Figure 4, for example, four friction elements 18 can jointly form the friction side 16.

[0051] If the system comprises multiple friction elements 18, these can preferably be arranged side by side and in the same plane, e.g., in a 2 x 1, 3 x 1, or 2 x 2 grid. The at least one friction element 18 can preferably be mat-shaped or designed as an anti-slip mat or a checkered plate. In the unassembled state, the friction element 18 can, for example, be flexible and bendable. The at least one friction element 18 can, for example, have a height between 2 mm and 15 mm, preferably between approximately 5 mm and approximately 10 mm.

[0052] The at least one friction element 18 can preferably be made of a rubber compound. The rubber compound of the friction element 18 can be selected such that a high coefficient of friction is achieved with the wheel 12 or its rubber compound.

[0053] Preferably, the at least one friction element 18 can be profiled. For example, the friction element 18 can have a plurality of grooves or knobs, etc. Particularly preferably, a side facing the wheel 12 or a top side of the friction element 18 is profiled. If multiple friction elements 18 are included, the profiles of the friction elements 18 can preferably be aligned differently, as schematically shown in Figure 2.

[0054] The sliding side 20 is designed for sliding over a surface (floor) made of asphalt, tar, or concrete. The sliding side 20 is constructed to minimize static and sliding friction with the surface. For example, the coefficient of static friction (coefficient of friction) between the sliding side 20 and the surface can be < 0.35, < 0.3, or < 0.25.

[0055] Preferably, the sliding side 20 can form an entire underside of the plate-shaped body 14.

[0056] The sliding side 20 can preferably be formed by a sliding element 22. The sliding element 22 is preferably plate-shaped or designed as a sliding plate element. The sliding element 22 can, for example, have a height between 5 mm and 15 mm, preferably approximately 10 mm to 12 mm.

[0057] Particularly preferably, the sliding element 22 can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or another lubricious plastic, e.g., polyamide (PA, e.g., cast PA or cast nylon), polyethylene (PE, e.g., HDPE), polyoxymethylene (POM), or polypropylene (PP).

[0058] Preferably, a lower outer edge of the plate-shaped body 14 can be chamfered with a predetermined bevel 24, as shown, for example, in Figure 3. Preferably, the lower outer edge is chamfered with the bevel 24 all the way around the plate-shaped body 14. This lower outer edge can simultaneously be the outer edge of the sliding side 20 or the sliding element 22.

[0059] The chamfer or bevel 24 can be designed, for example, in the form of a predetermined beveled surface or in the form of a predetermined radius. The predetermined beveled surface can, for example, have a width between 1 mm and 20 mm or more. The predetermined beveled surface can, for example, be beveled at an angle between 5° and 85° to a plane in which the sliding side 20 lies. The predetermined radius can, for example, be between 1 mm and 10 mm or more.

[0060] Preferably, a support element 26 of the plate-shaped body 14 can be arranged between the at least one friction element 18 and the sliding element 22, as shown by way of example in Figure 4. However, it is also possible, for example, that no support element 26 is included and the friction element 18 and the sliding element 22 are arranged directly adjacent to one another.

[0061] The support element 26 is preferably plate-shaped or designed as a support plate element. The support element 26 can, for example, have a height between 3 mm and 15 mm, preferably approximately 6 mm.

[0062] Preferably, the support element 26 can be a sheet metal element, particularly preferably a steel sheet element.

[0063] An upper side of the support element 26 can contact a lower side of the at least one friction element 18. The support element 26 can support the at least one friction element 18 on an upper side of the support element 26. The at least one friction element 18 can be fixed to the upper side of the support element 26. Preferably, the at least one friction element 18 can be glued to the upper side of the support element 26, for example, with a polyurethane adhesive, preferably when the at least one friction element 18 is designed as an anti-slip mat. The at least one friction element 18 and the support element 26 can alternatively or additionally also be screwed together, preferably when the at least one friction element 18 is designed as a checkered plate or as an anti-slip mat.

[0064] A bottom side of the support element 26 can contact a top side of the sliding element 22. The support element 26 can support the sliding element 22 on a bottom side of the support element 26. The support element 26 and the sliding element 22 can be screwed together. As already described, the plate-shaped body 14 is preferably multi-layered, particularly preferably three-layered. The at least one friction element 18 can form an upper (topmost) layer of the plate-shaped body 14. The support element 26 can form an intermediate layer of the plate-shaped body 14, if present. The sliding element 22 can form a lower (bottommost) layer of the plate-shaped body 14. It is also possible, for example, for the plate-shaped body 14 to be two-layered, with the at least one friction element 18 and the sliding element 22.

[0065] Particularly preferably, the plate-shaped body 14 has a plurality of through-holes 28. The through-holes 28 are preferably arranged in an outer edge region of the plate-shaped body 14.

[0066] The through holes 28 can extend between the sliding side 20 and the friction side 16. Specifically, the through holes 28 can each extend through the at least one friction element 18, the support element 26 (if present), and the sliding element 22.

[0067] The at least one friction element 18, the support element 26 (if present) and the sliding element 22 can be connected by means of several screw connections 30 through the through holes 28.

[0068] The screw connections 30 can, for example, each comprise a nut, e.g., an M8 nut, and a screw, e.g., an M8 screw. The screws are preferably inserted into the plate-shaped body 14 from the sliding side 20. Particularly preferably, the screws are designed as carriage bolts. Particularly preferably, the nuts are designed as ribbed nuts.

[0069] The through holes 28 can, for example, be designed as countersunk holes on one or both sides. Preferably, the screw connections 30 can be arranged countersunk on one or both sides in the through holes 28 or the plate-shaped body 14.

[0070] In detail, the through holes 28 on the sliding side 20 in the sliding element 22 can have a step or be countersunk, as shown by way of example in Figure 4. The screw connections 30, in particular their screw heads, can be countersunk in the countersunk through holes 28 in the sliding element 22.

[0071] The through holes 28 can be provided on the friction side 16 in the at least one friction element

[0072] 18 may have a shoulder or be countersunk, as is also shown by way of example in Figure 4. The screw connections 30, in particular their nuts, may be countersunk in the countersunk through holes in the friction element 18.

[0073] The handle element 32 can be connected to the plate-shaped body 14 in order to carry the evacuation plate 10 manually.

[0074] Preferably, the grip element 32 can be arranged on an outer peripheral side of the plate-shaped body 14. For example, the grip element 32 can be designed as a loop or a strap. The grip element 32 can preferably be made of a fabric, such as a nylon fabric.

[0075] Preferably, the grip element 32 is glued and / or screwed to the plate-shaped body 14. For example, one end or both ends of the grip element 32 can be screwed to the plate-shaped body 14 by means of at least one of the screw connections 30. Preferably, the end or both ends of the grip element 32 can be arranged, preferably clamped, between the friction element 18 and the sliding element 22, or between the friction element 18 and the support element 26, or between the support element 26 and the sliding element 22.

[0076] However, it is also possible, for example, for the grip element 32 to be designed as a grip recess or a grip through-hole arranged in the plate-shaped body 14 (not shown in the figures). The grip recess or the grip through-hole can be oval or kidney-shaped, for example.

[0077] Figure 5 shows a modified embodiment.

[0078] The plate-shaped body 14 can be a plastic body, preferably a plastic cast body, particularly preferably a PA cast body or a nylon cast body.

[0079] The upper friction side 16 can have two sleepers 34 and a (concave) curvature 36 arranged between the two sleepers 34 to accommodate the wheel 12 located on the upper friction side 16. The curvature 36 can extend between the two sleepers 34. The curvature 36 can be adapted to the shape of the wheel 12. The curvature 36 can preferably have a ridged surface.

[0080] The handle element 32 can be designed as a loop, as shown in Figure 5, or preferably as a grip recess or integrated grip through-hole integrated into the plate-shaped body 14 (not shown in Figure 5). It is understood that the features of the embodiment described with reference to Figures 1 to 4 and the embodiment described with reference to Figure 5 can be combined with one another as desired.

[0081] The evacuation plate 10 of Figures 1 to 5 makes it possible for a motor vehicle to be parked in a building in a manner that allows for evacuation, even if one or more wheels 12 of the motor vehicle are blocked when the motor vehicle is evacuated from the building.

[0082] Specifically, a first evacuation panel 10 and a second evacuation panel 10 may be provided. For example, the evacuation panels 10 may be provided within the building. The evacuation panels 10 may be placed on the subfloor of the building.

[0083] In general, it is preferable to provide a separate evacuation plate 10 for each brakeable wheel of the motor vehicle. For example, if the motor vehicle has one axle that can be braked by a parking brake, the provision of two evacuation plates 10 is preferred. If the motor vehicle has, for example, two axles that can be braked by a parking brake, the provision of four evacuation plates 10 is preferred, and so on.

[0084] The motor vehicle can be rolled into a parking position within the building. In the parking position, a first lockable wheel 12 of an axle, preferably the drive axle, of the motor vehicle is positioned on the upper friction side 16 of the first evacuation plate 10, and a second lockable wheel 12 of the axle is positioned on the upper friction side 16 of the second evacuation plate. The two wheels 12 can be locked, for example, by means of a parking brake.

[0085] In the parked position, the parking brake can be automatically activated, for example. For example, the parking brake on a commercial vehicle might be an air parking brake. The air parking brake can be activated if the connected brake circuit is depressurized. This can be the case if the vehicle hasn't been started for a long time.

[0086] In the parking position, the motor vehicle can, for example, be serviced, inspected, repaired, or simply parked (e.g., temporarily). Accordingly, the building can be a workshop, for example, or a building with a parking lot. After service, inspection, repair, or parking, the motor vehicle can preferably drive itself out of the building.

[0087] However, if an incident were to occur that would require the evacuation of the motor vehicle from the building, the motor vehicle could be evacuated from the building even if the first and second wheels, or all brakeable (or brakeable / lockable) wheels, were (unintentionally) blocked. The evacuation would be possible even if the motor vehicle were a heavy commercial vehicle, such as a bus or a truck. The incident could, for example, be the onset of a thermal runaway in the motor vehicle's traction battery. If the motor vehicle were not evacuated from the building in this case, the building could be severely damaged by the incident itself (e.g., fire) and / or by the necessary firefighting efforts.

[0088] The risk of such an incident is increased, for example, if the vehicle is damaged, e.g., due to a previous accident, and should actually be inspected or repaired while parked. The high acceleration during the accident may have caused damage to the traction battery that is not visible from the outside. However, it is also possible that the incident itself has nothing to do with the vehicle, but is, for example, a fire in the building that threatens to spread to the vehicle and its cargo (e.g., hazardous goods) and / or traction battery.

[0089] The unintentional locking of the wheels can be caused, for example, by a fault in a control device or a compressed air circuit in the vehicle that prevents the parking brake from being released. On the other hand, due to circumstances such as heavy smoke during the incident or a missing access key to the vehicle, it may simply not be possible to release the parking brake. It goes without saying, however, that a wheel can also be locked due to a cause other than the parking brake, such as axle damage or something similar.

[0090] The motor vehicle parked in a manner capable of being evacuated using the evacuation plates 10 can therefore be evacuated from the building in the event of an incident, even if the first and second wheels 12 or all of the lockable wheels 12 are locked. For example, the motor vehicle can be towed in an emergency during evacuation by another motor vehicle, e.g., a fire department towing vehicle. During evacuation, the locked first wheel 12 adheres to the upper friction side 16 of the first evacuation plate 10, and the first evacuation plate 10 slides out of the building over the building's substructure. Likewise, the locked second wheel 12 can adhere to the upper friction side 16 of the second evacuation plate 10, and the second evacuation plate 10 can slide out of the building over the building's substructure, e.g., concrete, tar, or asphalt.

[0091] The motor vehicle can be evacuated from the building to a quarantine area partly by sliding over the evacuation plates 10, partly by rolling over non-blocked wheels, e.g. a non-drive axle of the motor vehicle.

[0092] The invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Rather, a multitude of variants and modifications are possible which also make use of the inventive concept and therefore fall within the scope of protection. In particular, the invention also claims protection for the subject matter and features of the subclaims, independently of the claims referred to. In particular, the individual features of independent claim 1 are each disclosed independently of one another. In addition, the features of the subclaims are also disclosed independently of all features of independent claim 1 and, for example, independently of the features relating to the presence and / or configuration of the plate-shaped body, the friction side, and / or the sliding side of independent claim 1.All ranges stated herein are to be understood as being disclosed in such a way that all values ​​falling within the respective range are disclosed individually, e.g., also as preferred narrower outer limits of the respective range.

[0093] List of reference symbols

[0094] 10 Evacuation plate

[0095] 12 wheels

[0096] 14 Plate-shaped body

[0097] 16 Friction side

[0098] 18 Friction element

[0099] 20 Sliding side

[0100] 22 Sliding element

[0101] 24 phase

[0102] 26 supporting element

[0103] 28 through hole

[0104] 30 screw connection

[0105] 32 handle element

[0106] 34 Threshold

[0107] 36 Curvature

Claims

Patent claims 1. An evacuation plate (10) for enabling the evacuation of a motor vehicle with at least one locked wheel (12) from a building, the evacuation plate (10) comprising: a plate-shaped, preferably cuboid-shaped, body (14) with: an upper friction side (16) for adhesively contacting a wheel (12) made of a rubber mixture standing on the upper friction side (16); and a lower sliding side (20) for sliding over a surface made of asphalt, tar, or concrete.

2. Evacuation plate (10) according to claim 1, further comprising: a handle element (32) for carrying the evacuation plate (10) and / or for hanging the evacuation plate (10), which handle element is connected to the plate-shaped body (14), preferably on an outer peripheral side of the plate-shaped body (14).

3. Evacuation plate (10) according to claim 2, wherein: the handle element (32) is designed as a loop or a strap; and / or the handle element (32) is made of a fabric, preferably nylon fabric; and / or the handle element (32) is screwed and / or glued to the plate-shaped body (14).

4. Evacuation plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: a lower, preferably circumferential, outer edge of the plate-shaped body (14) and / or the lower sliding side (20) is chamfered.

5. Evacuation plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: the plate-shaped body (14) has at least one, preferably mat-shaped and / or profiled, friction element (18), preferably made of a rubber mixture or designed as a checkered plate, which forms the upper friction side (16).

6. Evacuation plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: the plate-shaped body (14) has a preferably plate-shaped sliding element (22), preferably a polytetrafluoroethylene element, a polyamide element, a polyethylene element or sliding plastic element, which forms the lower sliding side (20).

7. Evacuation plate (10) according to claim 5 and claim 6, wherein: the sliding element (22) is screwed to the at least one friction element (18) by means of a plurality of screw connections (30), preferably in such a way that the plurality of screw connections (30) are arranged countersunk in the sliding element (22) and / or in the at least one friction element (18).

8. Evacuation plate (10) according to claim 5 and claim 6 or claim 7, wherein: the plate-shaped body (14) is multi-layered, preferably two-layered or three-layered; the at least one friction element (18) forms an upper layer of the plate-shaped body (14); and the sliding element (22) forms a lower layer of the plate-shaped body (14).

9. Evacuation plate (10) according to one of claims 5 to 8, wherein: the plate-shaped body (14) has a preferably plate-shaped support element (26), preferably a sheet metal element, particularly preferably a sheet steel element, preferably as an intermediate layer of the plate-shaped body (14), wherein: the at least one friction element (18) is fixed to the support element (26), preferably by means of gluing and / or screwing; and / or the sliding element (22) is fixed to the support element (26), preferably by means of screwing.

10. Evacuation plate according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the plate-shaped body (14) is a plastic body, preferably a plastic cast body, particularly preferably a PA cast body or a nylon cast body.

11. Evacuation plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: the upper friction side (16) has two sleepers (34) and a curvature (36) arranged between the two sleepers (34) for receiving the wheel (12) standing on the upper friction side (16).

12. Evacuation plate (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: the plate-shaped body (14) has a length in a range between 400 mm and 1000 mm, preferably between 450 mm and 800 mm, particularly preferably between 500 mm and 600 mm; and the plate-shaped body (14) has a width in a range between 400 mm and 1000 mm, preferably between 450 mm and 800 mm, particularly preferably between 500 mm and 600 mm.

13. A method for the evacuatable parking of a motor vehicle, preferably a battery-electric or hydrogen-powered vehicle, preferably a lorry or bus, in a building to enable evacuation of the parked motor vehicle, in which at least one wheel (12) is blocked, from the building, the method comprising: Providing an evacuation plate (10) according to any one of the preceding claims and optionally a further evacuation plate (10) according to any one of the preceding claims; and Parking, preferably rolling, the motor vehicle into a parking position in the building, wherein in the parking position a first wheel (12) of an axle, preferably a drive axle, of the motor vehicle, which wheel can preferably be locked by means of a parking brake, is located on the upper friction side (16) of the evacuation plate (10) and optionally a second wheel (12) of the axle, which wheel can preferably be locked by means of the parking brake, is located on the upper friction side (16) of the further evacuation plate (10).

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein: the building is a workshop building or a building with a parking space; and / or the motor vehicle is being serviced, inspected, repaired, and / or parked in the parking position; and / or the motor vehicle parked in the parking position is damaged, e.g., due to a previous accident.

15. A method for evacuating a parked motor vehicle, in which a first wheel (12) and optionally a second wheel (12) is blocked, from a building via an underground path, the method comprising: Parking the motor vehicle according to the method for evacuatable parking according to one of claims 12 to 14; and Evacuation, preferably emergency towing, of the motor vehicle, preferably by means of another motor vehicle, out of the building, wherein the first wheel (12) adheres to the upper friction side (16) of the evacuation plate (10) and the evacuation plate (10) slides over the ground and optionally the second wheel (12) adheres to the upper Friction side (16) of the further evacuation plate (10) adheres and the further evacuation plate (10) slides over the surface, preferably in any desired direction.

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