System for filling a tank, battery cooling device, and vehicle provided with such a device

Abstract

The invention relates to a system (2) for filling a liquid tank (30), which comprises: - a filling chamber (11) connected to the inside of the tank; - a means (13) for detecting non-compliant liquid in the filling chamber; - a safety means (90, 95) suitable for blocking the liquid in the filling chamber and / or for sending a warning signal to the technician; - a computer suitable for controlling the safety means according to the compliance of the liquid detected in the filling chamber by the detection means. According to the invention, the filling chamber is connected to the inside of the tank by a siphon (101) and is delimited by an at least partially cylindrical side wall (15), and a piston is provided which is suitable for sliding along the side wall in order to push the liquid back from the filling chamber to the inside of the tank.

Description

DESCRIPTION TITLE OF THE INVENTION: SYSTEM FOR FILLING A TANK, BATTERY COOLING DEVICE, AND VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A DEVICE TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates generally to fluid topping up in motor vehicles.

[0002] It relates more particularly to a system for filling a liquid tank fitted to a motor vehicle.

[0003] It also relates to a device for cooling a storage battery, comprising a cooling circuit and such a filling system.

[0004] It also concerns a motor vehicle equipped with this cooling device. STATE OF THE ART

[0005] Different types of fluids are used in motor vehicles for different purposes (coolant, fuel, urea, devitalized water, etc.). Generally, there is a reservoir for each fluid.

[0006] Typically, in hybrid or electric vehicles equipped with an electric motor powered by a storage battery, the battery is cooled using a circuit comprising a coolant reservoir.

[0007] Each liquid has specific properties and it is advisable not to fill a tank with a liquid that is not suitable for its intended function.

[0008] In the above example, it is essential that the liquid used is of the dielectric type to avoid any short circuit in the storage battery.

[0009] Currently, it is known to place numerous safety markings around the mouth through which the liquid is introduced into the tank, inviting the technician in charge of this filling to carefully check that the liquid he is using complies with the manufacturer's recommendations.

[0010] Unfortunately, even so, it happens that non-compliant liquid is introduced into the tank. PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] It is in this context that the present invention proposes a system for checking that a liquid to be introduced into a tank complies with the requirements.

[0012] More particularly, the invention proposes a filling system of a liquid reservoir equipping a motor vehicle, comprising: - a filling chamber which has a mouth through which a technician can introduce liquid into the filling chamber, which is delimited by an at least partially cylindrical side wall, and which is connected to the interior of the tank by a siphon, - a means of detecting non-compliant liquid in the filling chamber, - a safety means suitable for blocking the liquid in the filling chamber and / or for emitting an alert signal to the technician, - a computer adapted to control the safety means according to the conformity of the liquid detected in the filling chamber by the detection means, - a piston adapted to slide along the side wall of the filling chamber to push the liquid from the filling chamber into the tank.

[0013] Thus, thanks to the invention, the introduction of the liquid into the filling chamber does not allow the tank to be filled directly. On the contrary, the liquid remains blocked, due to the siphon, in the filling chamber. The piston is then designed to allow, after it has been verified that the liquid has the required properties, to push this liquid back into the tank. The invention thus makes it possible to prevent a non-compliant liquid from being introduced into the tank by mistake.

[0014] Other advantageous and non-limiting characteristics of the filling system according to the invention, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations, are the following: - the piston has a vent passage equipped with a non-return valve, allowing the piston to be removed from the filling chamber without generating suction; - said safety means comprises a valve adapted to have an open position in which it allows the liquid to pass from the filling chamber towards the inside of the tank and a closed position in which it blocks the passage of liquid from the filling chamber towards the inside of the tank; - said safety means comprises at least one indicator light suitable for turning on or off, and / or at least one display suitable for displaying an alert message, depending on the conformity of the liquid detected in the filling chamber by the detection means; - a liquid recovery circuit is provided, which comprises a recovery tank adapted to store a volume of liquid at least equal to the volume of said tank; - a liquid recovery neck is provided around at least part of said mouth, which is connected to the recovery tank; - the recovery tank has a means of detecting the liquid level and a drain plug.

[0015] The invention also relates to a device for cooling an accumulator battery, comprising: - a waterproof case housing at least part of the storage battery, - a cooling circuit comprising a coolant reservoir, a heat exchanger and a pump adapted to circulate the coolant from the reservoir through the heat exchanger and the sealed housing, and - a tank filling system as mentioned above.

[0016] Preferably, a means of detecting non-compliant liquid in the cooling circuit or in the sealed housing is provided, and the cooling circuit comprises a valve adapted to send the cooling liquid into the recovery tank.

[0017] The invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising a storage battery and a device for cooling the storage battery as mentioned above.

[0018] Of course, the various features, variants and embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other in various combinations to the extent that they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] The description which follows with reference to the appended drawings, given as non-limiting examples, will make it clear what the invention consists of and how it can be implemented.

[0020] On the attached drawings:

[0021] [Fig. 1] is a schematic perspective view of a device for cooling an accumulator battery according to the invention;

[0022] [Fig. 2] is a schematic sectional view of a system for closing a filling chamber of the cooling device of Fig. 1;

[0023] [Fig. 3] is a schematic sectional view of the filling chamber and reservoir of the cooling device of Fig. 1;

[0024] [Fig. 4] is a schematic sectional view of the storage battery of Figure 1 and its surroundings.

[0025] In Figure 1, there is shown a cooling device 1 for an accumulator battery 9 (Figure 4) equipping a motor vehicle.

[0026] This motor vehicle could be of any type (car, truck, boat, plane).

[0027] This is a land vehicle, and preferably a car.

[0028] This vehicle is electrically powered in the sense that it has an electric motor to move it forward. It may possibly be a hybrid type and therefore also include an internal combustion engine.

[0029] The storage battery 9 is here connected to the electric motor in order to supply it with electric current.

[0030] This accumulator battery 9 is likely to heat up not only during the phases of use of the electric motor, but also and above all during the phases of recharging the battery, when the electrical power used in this regard is high.

[0031] This is why a cooling device 1 is provided for this storage battery.

[0032] As a preliminary point, it should be noted that the terms top and bottom, or upper and lower, will be used in the following taking into account the normal orientation of this cooling device, when it is installed in the motor vehicle and the latter is on a horizontal road.

[0033] This cooling device 1 firstly comprises a sealed housing 60 (or "casing") in which the accumulator battery 9 is placed (figures 1 and 4). This housing is described as sealed in the sense that it can contain a dielectric cooling liquid so that the latter does not escape involuntarily. On the other hand, it has openings to allow the voluntary introduction and exit of cooling liquid.

[0034] The coolant in which the storage battery 9 is immersed is designed to limit the heating of this storage battery 9. It is dielectric to avoid generating electrical short circuits. Indeed, the electrical contacts of the battery cells are submerged in this coolant and it is therefore essential that this fluid is not electrically conductive.

[0035] The cooling device 1 comprises a cooling circuit 4 which allows the liquid to circulate through this sealed housing 60, and a filling system 2 which allows the liquid in the cooling circuit 4 to be filled and / or topped up.

[0036] As clearly shown in Figure 1, the cooling circuit 4 firstly comprises a reservoir 30 which delimits a storage volume for coolant. This reservoir 30 is here designed to contain several liters of liquid (approximately 7 liters).

[0037] The cooling circuit 4 further comprises a pump 70 for forcing the liquid to circulate in the cooling circuit 4 and through the sealed housing 60. It also comprises a heat exchanger 50 for reducing the temperature of the cooling liquid passing through it.

[0038] It will be noted here that starting from the reservoir 30, the liquid first passes through the pump 70, then the sealed housing 60 and finally the heat exchanger 50 before return to the tank 30 (which forms a closed loop). Of course, as an alternative, the pump could have been placed elsewhere, for example between the sealed housing and the heat exchanger.

[0039] The cooling circuit 4 finally includes pipes in the form of hoses, for example, including: - a first hose 104 which connects the tank 30 to the pump 70, - a second hose 105 which connects the pump to the waterproof housing 60 (figure 4), - a third hose 103 which connects the sealed housing to the heat exchanger 50, - a fourth hose 102 which connects the heat exchanger to the tank 30.

[0040] When the coolant heats up, it expands. Since the tank is preferably only partially filled, the volume of air in this tank can compress accordingly. 3 shows that the tank 30 here has a vertically elongated window, on which two minimum and maximum coolant thresholds are shown. This window therefore allows the user to visually check whether the cooling circuit contains sufficient liquid, and whether the liquid level is not too high.

[0041] However, in the event of a problem, the cooling circuit 4 includes a relief valve 39 adapted to open automatically in the event of excessive pressure. This pressure relief valve 39 is located here at the top of the tank (see figure 3).

[0042] The filling system 2 illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 makes it possible to fill the reservoir 30 with dielectric coolant.

[0043] This filling device 2 is particular in that it makes it possible to prevent a non-dielectric liquid from being introduced into the reservoir 30.

[0044] As shown in Figure 3, it includes: - a jar 10 which internally delimits a filling chamber 11 connected to the reservoir 30 by a siphon 101, - a piston 25 (figure 2) adapted to push the liquid from the filling chamber 11 towards the inside of the reservoir 30 via the siphon 101, - a means 13 for detecting non-compliant liquid in the filling chamber 11, and - a safety means 90, 95 adapted to be activated when the liquid introduced into the filling chamber 11 is non-compliant.

[0045] In practice, jar 10 is of the concentric double-walled type.

[0046] It thus comprises an internal side wall 15 whose inner face is preferably cylindrical of revolution around a longitudinal axis and which is closed at its lower end by a bottom 16 preferably extending orthogonally to the longitudinal axis.

[0047] It also comprises an external side wall 17 which is closed at its lower end by a bottom 18 and which extends at a distance from the internal side wall 15. The bottom 18 also extends at a distance from the bottom 16. The two walls thus delimit between them a volume whose function will be described below.

[0048] The internal side wall 15 has an opening 15A which is preferably flush with the bottom 16 and which forms the inlet of the siphon 101.

[0049] The purpose of this siphon is to prevent the liquid which is introduced into the filling chamber 11 from flowing directly into the tank 30.

[0050] For this, the siphon 101 opens into the upper part of the tank 30 via an outlet 35 whose lowest point is located above the highest point of the aforementioned opening 15A.

[0051] Here, the reservoir 30 and the jar 10 are located at similar heights. The siphon 101 then forms an S so as to extend from the bottom of the filling chamber to the top of the reservoir.

[0052] The filling chamber 11 is open upwards to form a mouth 12.

[0053] It is designed to be closed as needed by a closing system 20 which firstly comprises a cap 21 (see figure 2). The internal side wall 15 of the jar 10 carries for this purpose, on its upper end, a thread 12A projecting from its external face.

[0054] The plug 21 comprises a body 22 in the form of an inverted cup, which has an internal thread 22A allowing it to be screwed onto the thread 12A.

[0055] The closing system 20 further comprises the aforementioned piston 25, the function of which is to push the coolant from the filling chamber 11 towards the inside of the reservoir 30. The internal side wall 15 of the jar 10 is profiled for this purpose, which allows the piston 25 to slide inside it.

[0056] In practice, as shown in Figure 2, this piston 25 is assembled to the plug 21.

[0057] It is in the form of a cylindrical rod of revolution of diameter equal, apart from the clearance, to the diameter of the filling chamber 11. 11 carries at least one O-ring 28 on its lower end (here it has two), to ensure that the liquid is pushed back towards the reservoir 30 and does not pass between the piston and the internal side wall 15.

[0058] Its upper end is here engaged and fixed through a central opening provided in the body 22 of the stopper 21.

[0059] When the piston 25 descends into the filling chamber 11, it pushes the liquid to the reservoir. On the other hand, when it is removed from the filling chamber, it is preferable that it does not generate an air draft (this air draft being able to prevent the piston from being withdrawn from the filling chamber 11).

[0060] A through hole 26 is then provided which extends from one end to the other of the piston 25, and which is equipped with a non-return valve 27. This valve remains naturally closed when the piston descends into the filling chamber 11 (and the relative pressure between this chamber and the outside is positive), but it opens naturally when the piston leaves the filling chamber 11 (and the relative pressure is negative).

[0061] As specified above, the filling system 2 comprises a detection means 13 making it possible to detect a non-compliant liquid in the filling chamber 11.

[0062] This detection means 13 is here formed by a sensor adapted to measure the resistance and / or the impedance and / or the conductivity of the liquid introduced into the filling chamber 11.

[0063] It is preferably located on the bottom 16 of the filling chamber 11.

[0064] This sensor is suitable for delivering a signal which is different depending on whether or not the liquid complies with the required recommendations.

[0065] More precisely here, this signal differs depending on whether the resistance of the liquid introduced into the filling chamber 11 measured between two distinct points is greater than or less than a predetermined threshold.

[0066] This threshold will preferably be between the conductivity of a dielectric fluid (approximately 0.002 S.rrr 1 ) and that of water (0.02 S.rrr 1 ). Typically, it could be 0.005 S.rrr 1 .

[0067] It is preferably coupled to a fluid presence sensor. Thus, this pair of sensors makes it possible to determine whether a liquid is present in the filling chamber 11 and whether this liquid is dielectric.

[0068] As also specified above, the filling system 2 includes a safety means for preventing the filling of the reservoir 30 with a non-compliant liquid and / or for warning the technician in charge of this filling that the liquid that he has introduced into the filling chamber 11 is non-compliant.

[0069] As shown in Figure 3, this safety means here comprises a valve 90 which can take at least two stable positions. Here, it is a monostable solenoid valve (it could alternatively be bistable). In a first stable position (called the closed position), it blocks the passage between the filling chamber 11 and the reservoir 30. In a second activated position (called the open position), this valve 90 leaves the passage open between the filling chamber 11 and the reservoir 30.

[0070] This valve could come in many different forms. As shown in Figure 3, it is a globe valve.

[0071] The safety means also includes an indicator light 95 allowing the user to view the position of the valve 90. Here, it more precisely includes two light-emitting diodes, including a green diode which lights up when the valve is in the open position and a red diode which lights up when the valve is in the closed position.

[0072] Alternatively, the safety means could comprise only a display screen or a means of emitting an audible alarm, activated when the liquid detected in the filling chamber is not compliant.

[0073] The cooling device 1 is preferably equipped with a computer 3 (figure 1) to control in particular the valve 90 and the indicator light 95 as a function of the signal emitted by the detection means 13.

[0074] This computer includes a processor, memory, and various input and output interfaces. It could alternatively include a programmable logic circuit.

[0075] Thanks to its input interfaces, the computer 3 is adapted to receive the data measured by the detection means 13 so as to determine whether a liquid is in the filling chamber and whether it is compliant or not.

[0076] Thanks to its output interfaces, the calculator is suitable for controlling valve 90 and indicator light 95.

[0077] Thanks to its memory, the calculator stores a computer application, consisting of computer programs including instructions whose execution by the processor allows the calculator to implement the method described below. In the variant where it includes programmable logic, its logic gates are "programmed" to implement this method.

[0078] This calculator 3 is programmed in particular to, when it detects a dielectric liquid in the filling chamber, open the valve 90 and otherwise keep it closed.

[0079] Preferably, the cooling device 1 comprises a liquid recovery tank 80.

[0080] This 80 recovery tank allows you to store a liquid that you would like to evacuate, while preventing this liquid from falling onto the road.

[0081] In other words, this recovery tank 80 has a retention tank function.

[0082] As will be described below, it can be used not only to purge the cooling circuit 4, but also to receive liquid from the filling system 2.

[0083] In Figure 4, this recovery tank 80 forms the support for the waterproof housing 60. It is therefore placed under it and is screwed there, for example.

[0084] In practice, this tank can be formed by the waterproof housing (or “battery casing”), which will have a double wall or a double bottom for this purpose.

[0085] The recovery tank 80 is here in the form of a hollow parallelepiped plate (see figure 4).

[0086] It has a drain plug 82 on the bottom to empty it.

[0087] It preferably also comprises a means 81 for detecting the level of liquid contained in this recovery tank 80. This detection means is in the form of a sensor adapted to transmit an alert signal to the computer 3 when the liquid level exceeds a predetermined threshold. Thus, this alert signal can be used by the computer to display on the dashboard of the vehicle a message inviting the driver to have his vehicle serviced as soon as possible, and to prohibit any recharging of the storage battery at a high power.

[0088] This recovery tank 80 is first connected to the filling system 2 so as to recover liquid which would be poured by the technician next to the filling chamber 11 or which would overflow from this chamber.

[0089] As shown in Figure 3, the inner side wall 15 of the jar 10 is open at the top and thus forms a mouth 12 for filling the filling chamber 11.

[0090] The external side wall 17 then delimits in the upper part an overflow recovery neck which extends all around the mouth 12.

[0091] In practice, the external side wall 17 is flared on the side of its upper end so that if the technician spills liquid out of the mouthpiece, this liquid flows between the internal 15 and external 17 side walls.

[0092] These two side walls are spaced apart from each other so that the collected liquid can flow by gravity into the volume located between the bottoms 16, 18 of the jar 10.

[0093] This volume is then connected to the recovery tank 80 by an overflow hose 111, which opens into this tank through an opening provided in the upper wall of this tank.

[0094] In order for the flow of liquid in this overflow hose 111 to be carried out without difficulty, the recovery tank 80 which is sealed has a vent opening through which it is connected to the outside, via a cannula 112.

[0095] This cannula rises from this opening to above the sealed housing 60, so that the liquid cannot escape from the recovery tank 80 through the latter.

[0096] The cannula 112 therefore delimits an air passage which is preferably always open. For this, this cannula 112 opens into the jar 10. As shown in the figure 3, it opens more precisely into the neck 14 formed by the external side wall 17 of the jar 10. So as not to block this cannula, the stopper 21 is shaped so as, when it closes the filling chamber 11, to leave an air passage between this cannula 112 and the outside.

[0097] The filling chamber 11 has a volume smaller than the volume of liquid which must be introduced into the reservoir 30. The technician must therefore fill this chamber and push the liquid back towards the reservoir 30 with the piston 25 several times in order to sufficiently fill the cooling circuit 4.

[0098] Once the circuit is filled, the pump 70 can be activated to cool the storage battery 9 if necessary.

[0099] During use of the cooling device 1, it may happen that the coolant becomes corrupted, for example due to metal particles becoming detached from the various components of the device, or water condensing and polluting the coolant.

[0100] The cooling device 1 then includes a safety system which allows the cooling liquid to be evacuated from the cooling circuit 4 when this liquid does not or no longer meets the requirements, here in dielectric terms.

[0101] In practice, this safety system includes a second sensor 33 for detecting this fault, and a second valve 40 for diverting the liquid circulating in the cooling circuit 4 to the recovery tank 80, via a hose 110.

[0102] This second sensor 33 is adapted to measure the resistance and / or the impedance and / or the conductivity of the liquid which circulates in the cooling circuit 4 or in the sealed housing 60.

[0103] It is preferably located on the bottom of the tank 30.

[0104] This sensor is adapted to deliver to the computer 3 a signal which is different depending on whether or not the liquid complies with the required recommendations.

[0105] The second valve 40 is here a monostable solenoid valve (it could alternatively be bistable). In a first stable position (called the normal position), this valve allows the coolant to circulate from the heat exchanger 50 to the tank 30. In a second activated position (called the safety position), it diverts the coolant from the heat exchanger 50 to the recovery tank 80, via the hose 110. It is controlled for this by the computer 3.

[0106] This valve could come in many different forms. As shown in Figure 1, it is a 3 / 2 distributor.

[0107] This second valve 40 is here located on the hose 102, between the heat exchanger 50 and the tank 30. Alternatively, it could be located elsewhere, in particular between the pump 70 and the sealed housing 60 so that the non-compliant liquid is diverted towards the recovery tank 80 does not pass back through the waterproof housing 60.

[0108] At this point, we can describe in more detail how the cooling device will be used.

[0109] When the cooling circuit 4 is empty, the tank 30 must be filled.

[0110] Initially, valve 90 is in the closed position.

[0111] The technician in charge of filling then unscrews the cap 21 and removes it from the filling chamber 11 (which allows him to simultaneously extract the piston 25). This removal is possible thanks to the non-return valve 27 provided in the piston 25.

[0112] The technician then fills the filling chamber 11 through the mouthpiece 12, which here has a capacity of 1 liter.

[0113] The pair of sensors located at the bottom of this filling chamber 11 then transmits to the computer 3 a signal indicating that a liquid has been introduced into the chamber and whether this liquid is compliant or not.

[0114] If the signal indicates that the liquid complies with the required specifications, the computer commands the opening of valve 90 and then the lighting of the green diode of the indicator light 95. The technician thus notes that he can push the coolant back to the reservoir 30 by means of the piston 25. He can then repeat the operation, for example seven times to fill the reservoir with seven liters of coolant. In the event of overfilling and overflow, the fluid pours into the neck 14 and then flows by gravity into the recovery tank 80.

[0115] As long as the signal indicates that there is no liquid or that the liquid does not comply with the required specifications, the computer controls the maintenance of valve 90 in the closed position.

[0116] If the signal indicates that the liquid does not comply with the required specifications, the computer also controls the lighting of the red diode of the indicator 95. The technician can then see his error. He must then manually empty the filling chamber 11, using for example a syringe or a pump.

[0117] It will be noted that as a variant, to avoid using such a syringe or pump, the device could be equipped with a circuit for discharging the liquid contained in the filling chamber 11 to the recovery tank 80. This circuit would then include a valve which would open if the detected liquid was not compliant.

[0118] When the cooling circuit 4 is filled, the second sensor 33 continuously or at regular intervals checks that the coolant is compliant. This check can, for example, be carried out after each start of the pump 70, for a predetermined period.

[0119] As long as the liquid is compliant, computer 3 does not request the second valve 40 which remains in the normal position. Pump 70 is activated by computer 3, so as to ensure the circulation of the liquid in a closed loop.

[0120] On the other hand, if the coolant is not or no longer compliant, the computer 3 requests the second valve 40 so that the liquid is diverted to the recovery tank 80. The pump 70 remains activated until all of the fluid contained in the filling circuit has been evacuated to the recovery tank 80.

[0121] We therefore note that the aforementioned filling and operating phases are clearly separate and cannot be implemented simultaneously.

[0122] When the liquid level in the recovery tank 80 exceeds a threshold, the detection means 81 transmits a corresponding signal to the computer 3, which then commands the display of an alert on the vehicle's dashboard.

[0123] A technician must then intervene to drain the tank via its cap 82. While waiting for his intervention, the computer 3 orders the prohibition of recharging the accumulator battery 9 at a charging power higher than a predetermined threshold.

[0124] Draining may also be performed in other situations. Typically, during a periodic maintenance operation, it may be recommended to drain the cooling circuit 4. In this situation, the pump and the second valve may be controlled to drain the circuit into the recovery tank 80.

[0125] The present invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described and shown, but those skilled in the art will be able to provide any variation in accordance with the invention.

[0126] Typically and without limitation, the filling system could be used to fill a tank: - coolant from a cooling device of an internal combustion engine, - demineralized water from a water ejection device in an internal combustion engine, - lubricant of a powertrain, - fuel from an internal combustion engine, - a fuel cell, - a device linked to a hydrogen-powered engine...

[0127] In the illustrated embodiment, the waterproof housing 60 houses the entire storage battery.

[0128] Alternatively, it could house only part of this battery (i.e. part of the electrochemical cells making up the storage battery). In this variant, the cooling device would then comprise several sealed boxes, each housing part of the electrochemical cells. These sealed boxes would then be installed in a casing of a battery pack, which would comprise a double bottom forming the recovery tank. The sealed boxes would then be connected to the reservoir 30 either in series (the liquid passing from the pump to a first sealed box then to the next, etc.), or in parallel. The latter version will be preferred to ensure more uniform cooling of the cells. For this version, a plumbing manifold can be installed between the pump and the sealed boxes in order to distribute the liquid pushed by the pump to each of the sealed boxes.

Claims

CLAIMS

1. Filling system (2) for a liquid tank (30) fitted to a motor vehicle, comprising: - a filling chamber (11) connected to the interior of the tank (30) and comprising a mouth (12) through which a technician can introduce liquid into the filling chamber (11), - a means (13) for detecting non-compliant liquid in the filling chamber (11), - a safety means (90, 95) adapted to block the liquid in the filling chamber (11) and / or to emit an alert signal to the technician, - a computer (3) adapted to control the safety means (13) as a function of the conformity of the liquid detected in the filling chamber (11) by the detection means (13), characterized in that the filling chamber (11) is connected with the interior of the tank (30) by a siphon (101) and is delimited by a side wall (15) at least partially cylindrical, and in that a piston (25) is provided adapted to slide along said side wall (15) to push the liquid from the filling chamber (11) towards the interior of the tank (30).

2. Filling system (2) according to claim 1, in which the piston (25) comprises a vent passage (26) equipped with a non-return valve (27), allowing the piston (25) to be removed from the filling chamber (11) without generating suction.

3. Filling system (2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said safety means (90, 95) comprises a valve adapted to have an open position in which it allows the liquid to pass from the filling chamber (11) towards the interior of the reservoir (30) and a closed position in which it blocks the passage of liquid from the filling chamber (11) towards the interior of the reservoir (30).

4. Filling system (2) according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which said safety means (90, 95) comprises at least one indicator light adapted to turn on or off, or a display adapted to display an alert message, depending on the conformity of the liquid detected in the filling chamber (11) by the detection means (13).

5. Filling system (2) according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which a liquid recovery circuit is provided, which comprises a recovery tank (80) adapted to store a volume of liquid at least equal to the volume of said reservoir (30).

6. Filling system (2) according to claim 5, wherein there is provided around at least part of said mouth (12) a liquid recovery neck (14), which is connected to the recovery tank (80).

7. A filling system (2) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the recovery tank (80) comprises liquid level detection means (81) and a drain plug (82).

8. Cooling device (1) for a storage battery (9), comprising: - a waterproof housing (60) housing at least part of the accumulator battery (9), - a cooling circuit (4) comprising a coolant reservoir (30), a heat exchanger (50) and a pump (70) adapted to circulate the coolant from the reservoir (30) through the heat exchanger (50) and the sealed housing (60), and - a filling system (2) for the tank (30) according to one of claims 1 to 7.

9. Cooling device (1) according to claim 8, in which means (33) for detecting non-compliant liquid in the cooling circuit (4) or in the sealed housing (60) are provided, and in which the cooling circuit (4) comprises a valve (40) adapted to send the cooling liquid into the recovery tank (80).

10. Motor vehicle comprising a storage battery (9) and a cooling device (1) for the storage battery (9) according to one of claims 8 and 9.

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