Transmitting and / or receiving unit, charging device, energy transfer unit, motor vehicle, method for producing a transmitting and / or receiving unit, use of a metal glass material and use of magnetic-field-sensitive particles

Abstract

The invention relates to a transmitting and / or receiving unit for the inductive transfer of energy, having: a centre axis, a magnetic-field-sensitive component for guiding a magnetic flux, and at least one electrically conductive conductor element, in which unit the magnetic-field-sensitive component and the at least one conductor element are arranged to interact electromagnetically with one another, and in which the magnetic-field-sensitive component has at least two boundary faces at which the magnetic flux exits or enters the magnetic-field-sensitive component in a concentrated manner, wherein the at least two boundary faces are arranged jointly on an energy transfer side of the transmitting and / or receiving unit.

Description

[0001] Transmitting and / or receiving unit, charging device, energy transmission unit, motor vehicle, method for producing a transmitting and / or receiving unit, use of a metallic glass material and use of magnetic field-sensitive particles

[0002] The invention relates to a transmitting and / or receiving unit for the inductive transmission of energy.

[0003] The invention further relates to a charging device for inductively charging an accumulator, in particular a traction battery of a motor vehicle, with a power supply device or with a connection device for connection to a power supply device.

[0004] Furthermore, the invention relates to an energy transmission unit comprising mutually corresponding transmitting and / or receiving units, in which the interfaces of the mutually corresponding transmitting and / or receiving units are arranged opposite one another.

[0005] The invention further relates to a motor vehicle with an accumulator, in particular with a traction battery, and with a charging and / or discharging infrastructure for charging and / or discharging the accumulator, in particular for inductive charging and / or discharging. The invention also relates to a method for producing a transmitting and / or receiving unit for the inductive transmission of energy by means of a magnet-sensitive component for guiding the magnetic flux out of the transmitting and / or receiving unit or into the transmitting and / or receiving unit.

[0006] The invention also relates to the use of a metallic glass material.

[0007] The invention also relates to the use of magnetic field sensitive particles.

[0008] In particular, transmitting and / or receiving units of this type for the inductive transmission of energy are already known from the prior art and are used in particular in connection with charging devices for inductive charging, i.e. for wireless charging, of accumulators or traction batteries of motor vehicles.

[0009] It is particularly important that such transmitting and / or receiving units, especially at charging stations for motor vehicles, can achieve the highest possible efficiency in the transmission of energy between a transmitter side and a receiver side in order, for example, to be able to achieve broader acceptance for e-mobility more quickly.

[0010] The invention is based on the object of providing an improvement or an alternative to the prior art.

[0011] The object of the invention is achieved according to a first aspect by a transmitting and / or receiving unit for the inductive transmission of energy with a central axis, with a magnetic field sensitive component for guiding a magnetic flux and with at least one electrically conductive conductor element, in which the magnetic field sensitive component and the at least one conductor element are arranged so as to interact electromagnetically with one another, and in which the magnetic field sensitive component has at least two interfaces at which the magnetic flux enters or exits the magnetic field sensitive component in a condensed manner, wherein the at least two interfaces are arranged together on an energy transmission side of the transmitting and / or receiving unit.

[0012] By means of the present transmitting and / or receiving unit, it is possible to provide a highly effective transmitting and / or receiving unit in a particularly simple manner, by means of which energy for wireless charging can be advantageously transmitted between a transmitting side and a receiving side.

[0013] The invention relates to the wireless charging of accumulators and in particular of traction batteries of motor vehicles.

[0014] In particular, the present magnetic field sensitive component for guiding a magnetic flux generally makes it possible to significantly reduce magnetic stray field losses with regard to a magnetic field at the transmitting and / or receiving unit.

[0015] In this respect, energy can be transmitted wirelessly with significantly lower losses by means of the proposed transmitting and / or receiving unit, in particular between two interacting transmitting and / or receiving units.

[0016] The term "transmitting and / or receiving unit" in the sense of the invention is understood to mean a device by means of which energy can be transmitted wirelessly, in particular sent or received, for example in order to charge a traction battery of a motor vehicle with electrical energy; but also to discharge it if necessary, for example in the context of network regulation of a private or public power grid.

[0017] In particular, the present transmitting and / or receiving unit is designed to charge and discharge an accumulator, in particular a traction battery, with respect to electrical energy.

[0018] The term "magnetic field sensitive component" describes in the present case a component which can interact with an electrically conductive conductor, such as can interact with the present electrically conductive conductor element, in particular electromagnetically.

[0019] Electromagnetic interactions between an electrically conductive conductor element and a magnetic field sensitive component interacting therewith are known from the prior art and will not be explained further here.

[0020] In any case, by means of the magnetic field sensitive component present here on the transmitting and / or receiving unit, magnetic field lines can be condensed and preferably guided in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the magnetic field sensitive component as a correspondingly formed magnetic flux through the magnetic field sensitive component.

[0021] In particular, stray field losses at the transmitting and / or receiving unit can be advantageously reduced.

[0022] The desired effects, particularly with regard to compaction and targeted guidance, can be achieved in a particularly simple design by increasing the permeability of the transmitting and / or receiving unit in certain areas and / or by using a transmitting and / or receiving unit with the lowest possible coercive field strength, as will be explained in more detail later. The transmitting and / or receiving unit can be advantageously constructed if these effects can be achieved at least partially at the transmitting and / or receiving unit with the aid of the magnetic field-sensitive component.

[0023] In this context , it is advantageous if the magnetic field sensitive component comprises a changing device for increasing the permeability , wherein the changing device is arranged to act between the at least two boundary surfaces .

[0024] If magnetic field lines within the transmitting and / or receiving unit can be significantly compressed in accordance with the invention, the transmitting and / or receiving unit can be operated much more effectively with regard to energy transmission.

[0025] It is understood that a suitable changing device within the meaning of the invention can be designed and provided differently between the at least two interfaces.

[0026] It is therefore advantageous if the changing device comprises a magnetic field sensitive component for guiding the magnetic flux which carries the at least two boundary surfaces.

[0027] At this point it should be mentioned that the features, effects and advantages explained with regard to the magnetic field sensitive component also apply to the modification device and vice versa.

[0028] Thus, the present magnetic field sensitive component can be designed completely in the sense of such a changing device, or only partially.

[0029] For example, the magnetic-field-sensitive component can be designed only in part as such a modification device, whereby the magnetic-field-sensitive component can still be partially manufactured from conventional materials, such as a cost-effective iron material, nickel material, or similar. This allows the manufacturing costs of the transmitting and / or receiving unit to be kept lower.

[0030] Preferably, however, the magnetic field-sensitive component is entirely a changing device for increasing the permeability, whereby the transmitting and / or receiving unit can operate particularly effectively.

[0031] In any case, the magnetic field sensitive component in the sense of the invention can be regarded as a changing device for increasing the permeability and / or with low coercive field strength.

[0032] Advantageously, the magnetic field sensitive component is able to condense magnetic field lines present at the transmitting and / or receiving unit and to guide them in the sense of a magnetic flux "bundled" at the transmitting and / or receiving unit, so that magnetic field lines in the sense of the magnetic flux described here can emerge in a more targeted manner into the environment of the transmitting and / or receiving unit, mainly at the interfaces of the magnetic field sensitive component, or vice versa.

[0033] It is understood that some of the magnetic field lines penetrating the magnetic field-sensitive component may also exit or enter the magnetic field-sensitive component outside the interfaces described here. However, such "deviating magnetic field lines" can be considered negligible overall.

[0034] The term "conductor element" in the sense of the invention includes any electrically conductive conductor for conducting an electric current, which appears suitable for interacting with the magnetic field-sensitive component or the modification device described here.

[0035] In particular, a magnetic flux can be caused within the magnetic field-sensitive component by means of the electrical conductor element.

[0036] For this purpose, the conductor element can be arranged and designed differently from the magnetic field sensitive component or the changing device, as will be described in more detail later.

[0037] In the context of the invention, the term “magnetic flux” essentially describes an oriented magnetic field with its magnetic field lines.

[0038] These magnetic field lines are advantageously oriented in the region of the magnetic field-sensitive component or the modification device in its or their longitudinal extent and are arranged in a particularly advantageously compact manner.

[0039] In this respect, the magnetic flux extends particularly advantageously along the longitudinal extent of the magnetic field-sensitive component or the changing device.

[0040] The term "interface" in the sense of the invention describes a surface of the magnetic field sensitive component at which the magnetic flux or the magnetic field lines can mainly, i.e. preferably concentrated, exit from the magnetic field sensitive component or mainly enter the magnetic field sensitive component.

[0041] The interfaces provided here are preferably arranged at the ends of the magnetic-field-sensitive component, in particular at its end faces, with respect to its longitudinal extent. The at least two interfaces are thus arranged at two ends of the magnetic-field-sensitive component.

[0042] Such an interface can advantageously be designed by means of a cut surface through the magnetic field sensitive component.

[0043] Advantageously, the at least two interfaces of the magnetic field sensitive component are arranged in substantially the same alignment on the transmitting and / or receiving unit.

[0044] In other words, at least two interfaces are arranged next to each other, “facing” in the same direction.

[0045] As a result, the transmitting and / or receiving unit can be specifically equipped with a defined transmitting and / or receiving side, in particular with a single transmitting and / or receiving side.

[0046] Advantageously, this allows a transmission and reception direction to be clearly specified at the transmission and / or reception unit.

[0047] By means of the transmitting and / or receiving side, a main energy transmission side is also defined at the transmitting and / or receiving unit, which in turn can further increase the efficiency of the transmitting and / or receiving unit.

[0048] Furthermore, the transmitting and / or receiving unit can be kept structurally simple by having a single transmitting and receiving side.

[0049] For example, this also specifies a clear installation situation for the transmitting and / or receiving unit. In any case, the transmitting and / or receiving side or the main energy transmission side can be used to precisely determine the transmitting and receiving direction in which a magnetic flux or magnetic field lines bundled by the magnetic field-sensitive component exit or enter the environment from the transmitting and / or receiving unit.

[0050] In this respect, energy transmission between two transmitting and / or receiving units arranged opposite one another in a suitable manner can be implemented in a particularly simple manner and / or the efficiency of the device can be improved.

[0051] Preferably, these at least two interfaces are located in or on a transmitting and / or receiving plane of the transmitting and / or receiving unit.

[0052] It goes without saying that the transmitting and / or receiving unit can also be constructed differently.

[0053] In particular, the present transmitting and / or receiving unit can have further functional components in order to be able to be electrically integrated into a power grid or an electrical peripheral in a reliable manner.

[0054] Just as an example, it should be mentioned here that the transmitting and / or receiving unit can be equipped with a frequency converter and other electrical components.

[0055] A particularly advantageous embodiment variant can be provided if the magnetic field-sensitive component and / or the changing device for increasing the permeability has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 1,000, preferably greater than or equal to 5,000 and particularly preferably greater than or equal to 10,000.

[0056] The "permeability" or "relative permeability" is a measure of the magnetization of a material in an external magnetic field.

[0057] Such an external magnetic field can be created, for example, by means of a conductor element through which current flows.

[0058] The higher the permeability or the relative permeability of a magnetic field sensitive component, the greater the ratio of magnetic flux density in the magnetic field sensitive component to magnetic field strength of the field acting on the magnetic field sensitive component.

[0059] Thus, a magnetic field sensitive component with a high permeability results in a comparatively high magnetic flux density in the magnetic field sensitive component even at a low magnetic field strength.

[0060] This in turn means that the transmitting and / or receiving unit in question can transmit energy extremely efficiently.

[0061] This in turn can significantly increase charging speeds, which means that charging times, for example at a charging device for charging a traction battery, can be significantly reduced, or a significantly higher state of charge can be achieved on the traction battery with the same charging time.

[0062] It is preferably proposed that the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability that is greater than or equal to 20,000, preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 35,000, furthermore preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 45,000, particularly preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 50,000. Further preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 60,000, preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 70,000, particularly preferably the material of the magnetic field-sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 80,000.Likewise further preferably the material of the magnetic field sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 90,000, preferably the material of the magnetic field sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 100,000, particularly preferably the material of the magnetic field sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 110,000. Further preferably the material of the magnetic field sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 120,000, preferably the material of the magnetic field sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 130,000, particularly preferably the material of the magnetic field sensitive component has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 140,000. Preferably the relative permeability of the material of the magnetic field sensitive component is greater than or equal to 150,000.

[0063] The relative permeability of the material of the magnetic field sensitive component is determined in a manner customary in the art, in particular by numerical simulation and / or by examining the inductance of a self-contained magnetic field sensitive component, wherein the closed magnetic field sensitive component can in particular be composed of two U-shaped components. Among other things, manufacturing costs for the present transmitting and / or receiving unit can still be kept within reasonable limits if the magnetic field sensitive component has a relative permeability of less than or equal to 150,000, preferably a relative permeability of less than or equal to 100,000, furthermore preferably a relative permeability of less than or equal to 90,000 and particularly preferably a relative permeability of less than or equal to 75,000.

[0064] Furthermore, the magnetic field-sensitive component can expediently have a relative permeability of less than or equal to 60,000, preferably a relative permeability of less than or equal to 45,000, further preferably a relative permeability of less than or equal to 30,000 and particularly preferably a relative permeability of less than or equal to 20,000.

[0065] The above values ​​for the relative permeability apply to a magnetic field oscillating at 50 Hz.

[0066] Cumulatively or alternatively, it is advantageous if the magnetic field sensitive component and / or the changing device has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 30 A / m, preferably less than or equal to 10 A / m, further preferably less than or equal to 5 A / m and particularly preferably less than or equal to 3 A / m.

[0067] By choosing a coercive field strength in this way, only a reduced heat loss occurs due to a changing magnetic field in the magnetic field-sensitive component or in the changing device.

[0068] This allows the magnetic field sensitive component or the

[0069] The change device can be made significantly smaller while maintaining the same energy transfer, thus increasing the power density of the magnetic field-sensitive component even further.

[0070] The magnetic field-sensitive component preferably has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 30 A / m, the magnetic field-sensitive component preferably has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 20 A / m, and the magnetic field-sensitive component particularly preferably has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 15 A / m. Furthermore preferably, the magnetic field-sensitive component has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 2 A / m, the magnetic field-sensitive component preferably has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 1 A / m, and the magnetic field-sensitive component particularly preferably has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 0.5 A / m. Furthermore, the magnetic field sensitive component preferably has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 0.2 A / m, preferably the magnetic field sensitive component has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 0.1 A / m.

[0071] The values ​​for the coercive field strength mentioned above apply to a magnetic field oscillating at 50 Hz.

[0072] The present transmitting and / or receiving unit can advantageously be constructed if the magnetic field sensitive component and / or the changing device comprise a soft magnetic material.

[0073] A "soft magnetic material" is understood to mean a material that can be easily magnetized in a magnetic field. Preferably, a soft magnetic material has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 1,000 A / m. Preferably, a soft magnetic material suitable in the present case has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 10 A / m.

[0074] The soft magnetic material can advantageously be provided in connection with the magnetic field sensitive component or the modification device with the following atomic composition:

[0075] [ Fei-a Ni a ] ioo-xyza-ß-Y Cu x Si y B z NbaM' ßM" Y with a < 0, 3, 0, 6 < x < 1, 5, 10 < y < 17, 5 < z < 14, 2 < a < 6, ß < 7, y < 8, where M' is at least one of the elements V, Cr, Co, Al and Zn, where M" is at least one of the elements C, Ge, P, Ga, Sb, In and Be.

[0076] Laboratory tests have shown that the above specification of the soft magnetic material leads to particularly advantageous material properties, in particular for the magnetic field sensitive component proposed here.

[0077] In this case, the above material specification makes it possible to achieve a component with a particularly small coercive field strength and / or a particularly high permeability.

[0078] A particularly preferred embodiment of the present transmitting and / or receiving unit can furthermore be provided if the magnetic field-sensitive component and / or the changing device comprise a metallic glass material.

[0079] By using a metallic glass material, particularly good values ​​can be achieved with regard to the relative permeability or coercive field strength required in the context of the invention. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the magnetic field-sensitive component and / or the modification device has a nanocrystalline structure, since this allows the physical properties of the magnetic field-sensitive component or the modification device to be further improved.

[0080] In particular, the relative permeability of the magnetic field sensitive component or the changing device can be advantageously increased.

[0081] For the purposes of the invention, the term "nanocrystalline structure" refers to a polycrystalline solid having a nano-microstructure, wherein the microstructure is understood to mean the type, crystal structure, number, shape and topological arrangement of point defects, dislocations, stacking faults and / or grain boundaries in a crystalline material.

[0082] Preferably, a nanocrystalline material is produced from an amorphous material, wherein the crystal growth starting from the amorphous material is stimulated by the action of a thermal and / or magnetic effect.

[0083] Preferably, the magnetic field sensitive component or the changing device consists of a soft magnetic material with a nanocrystalline structure having a typical grain size in the range of 5 pm to 30 pm, preferably of a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material with a typical grain size in the range of 7 pm to 20 pm, particularly preferably of a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material with a typical grain size in the range of 8 pm to 15 pm.

[0084] This allows particularly advantageous physical properties to be achieved for the magnetic-field-sensitive component or the modification device, particularly with regard to permeability and / or coercive field strength. Due to the nanocrystalline structure, the adjustable physical properties of the magnetic-field-sensitive component or the modification device are particularly stable over a wide temperature range, in particular over a temperature range of, for example, greater than or equal to 50 °C to less than or equal to 220 °C.

[0085] The magnetic field sensitive component or the change device can furthermore advantageously be constructed from a plurality of layers.

[0086] Such a magnetic field sensitive component or such a changing device can be advantageously manufactured if the magnetic field sensitive component and / or the changing device have a wound base body.

[0087] By means of a suitably wound base body, eddy current losses with regard to the magnetic field-sensitive component or the modification device can be positively influenced.

[0088] The wound base body can in particular be wound circumferentially from a strip, wherein the wound base body has a plurality of turns.

[0089] The strip thickness can be at least 5 pm, in particular at least 10 pm, preferably at least 15 pm, and / or at most 200 pm, in particular at most 100 pm, preferably at most 25 pm.

[0090] The strip thickness of an advantageously wound base body is particularly preferably 20 pm. The total number of turns on the wound base body can be at least 2, in particular at least 5, preferably at least 20, further preferably at least 50 and particularly preferably at least 100. Furthermore, the total number of turns on the wound base body can be at least 200, in particular at least 300, preferably at least 400 and particularly preferably at least 500.

[0091] The total number of turns on the wound base body can be at most 1,500, in particular at most 1,000, preferably at most 800, further preferably at most 500 and particularly preferably at most 300. Furthermore, the total number of turns on the wound base body can be at most 100, in particular at most 50, preferably at most 20 and particularly preferably at most 5.

[0092] Alternatively, the magnetic-field-sensitive component may also comprise magnetic-field-sensitive particles and / or be constructed from magnetic-field-sensitive particles. In particular, a magnetic-field-sensitive component comprising magnetic-field-sensitive particles may also comprise, in addition to the magnetic-field-sensitive particles, a binding material for binding the magnetic-field-sensitive particles.

[0093] If the magnetic field sensitive component and / or the changing device have a web-shaped base body, the magnetic flux at the transmitting and / or receiving unit can be advantageously guided in a compressed manner.

[0094] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the magnetic-field-sensitive component and / or the modification device have a base body that is elastically deformable at least in certain areas. This makes it possible, for example, for interfaces on the transmitting and / or receiving unit to be aligned more individually if this should be advantageous for a particular application.

[0095] The present transmitting and / or receiving unit can be constructed simply and effectively to operate in exactly one transmitting and / or receiving direction if the magnetic field sensitive component and / or the changing device have a curved base body.

[0096] By means of a correspondingly curved base body, the relevant ends or the corresponding at least two boundary surfaces on the transmitting and / or receiving unit can be arranged aligned in a common effective direction.

[0097] In order to realize a correspondingly shaped base body, it is expedient if the magnetic field-sensitive component and / or the changing device are arranged at least partially transversely to the central axis of the transmitting and / or receiving unit.

[0098] In this context, it is advantageous if the magnetic field sensitive component and / or the changing device have a longitudinal extension with two ends or interfaces whose normals point essentially in the same direction.

[0099] In this respect, it is advantageous if the at least two boundary surfaces of the transmitting and / or receiving unit are arranged aligned in a common direction along the central axis of the transmitting and / or receiving unit.

[0100] In order to be able to combine two or preferably more transmitting and / or receiving units particularly well with one another, it is advantageous if normals of interfaces of two or more transmitting and / or receiving units are arranged in a substantially identical orientation in space, whether running parallel to one another and / or enclosing an angle to one another.

[0101] Two or preferably more transmitting and / or receiving units can also be easily combined with one another if the magnetic field-sensitive component and / or the changing device is designed symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the transmitting and / or receiving unit.

[0102] If two or more transmitting and / or receiving units are arranged next to one another in the same orientation, the interfaces of several transmitting and / or receiving units can advantageously be summed up to form a larger overall interface.

[0103] In particular, exit and entry surfaces for magnetic field lines or a magnetic flux can be enlarged.

[0104] If, for example, two or preferably more transmitting and / or receiving units are arranged next to one another in such a way that their interfaces are arranged in a common plane, a cumulative transmitting and / or receiving side can advantageously be provided.

[0105] A construction of several transmitting and / or receiving units that is as compact as possible can be achieved, for example, if two or preferably more transmitting and / or receiving units are arranged relative to one another in such a way that their interfaces, in particular surface edges thereof, are arranged directly adjacent to one another, or are arranged at most with a distance from one another that corresponds to one interface edge length or less, or preferably half

[0106] Interface edge length or less. If such surface edges are aligned and / or arranged parallel to one another, rectangular or square interfaces can be easily constructed.

[0107] In addition to rectangular or square-shaped transmitting and / or receiving sides, transmitting and / or receiving sides with different geometric shapes can also be provided if two or preferably more transmitting and / or receiving units are arranged next to one another in such a way that their interfaces are arranged lying in a common plane, and two interface edge lengths of interfaces arranged directly next to one another enclose an angle to one another.

[0108] For example, by means of appropriately arranged transmitting and / or receiving units, curved overall interfaces can also be realized, such as circular overall interfaces, oval overall interfaces, elliptical overall interfaces or the like.

[0109] In this respect, it is also expedient if two or preferably more transmitting and / or receiving units are arranged next to one another in such a way that their interfaces are arranged concentrically to one another.

[0110] For example, V-shaped interfaces can also be created if two or preferably more transmitting and / or receiving units are arranged next to one another in such a way that interfaces arranged next to one another enclose a surface angle to one another which is different from 180°.

[0111] In general, it is advantageous for the geometric diversity of interface shapes if two or preferably more transmitting and / or receiving units are arranged next to one another in such a way that their interfaces form a linear overall interface. Furthermore, the following should be explained with regard to the present electrically conductive element:

[0112] It is expedient if the at least one conductor element is designed as an electrically conductive conductor element that less than completely encloses the magnetic field-sensitive component and / or the changing device.

[0113] Only in this way can an interaction between individual components of the transmitting and / or receiving unit, as desired in the sense of the invention, be reliably realized.

[0114] A particularly close and stable interaction can be guaranteed if the at least one conductor element is indirectly connected to the magnetic field-sensitive component and / or to and / or to the changing device by means of a connecting means.

[0115] It is understood that the transmitting and / or receiving unit must be supplied with electrical energy in order to function at least as a transmitting unit.

[0116] In this respect, it is advantageous if the at least one conductor element has an electrical connection to an external energy supply device.

[0117] According to a further aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a charging device for inductively charging a rechargeable battery, in particular a traction battery of a motor vehicle, with a power supply device or with a connection device for connecting to a power supply device, wherein the charging device has at least one transmitting and / or receiving unit according to one of the features described here. If the charging device is characterized by one or preferably several such transmitting and / or receiving units, the contactless charging of rechargeable batteries in general and of traction batteries in particular can be extremely advantageously further developed.

[0118] In addition, the present charging device can operate particularly reliably and can therefore also be further developed if the charging device has an electrical protection device with an all-current sensitive fault circuit breaker.

[0119] Such a fault protection switch is known, for example, from WO 2021 / 259699 A1, the content of which is hereby incorporated in its entirety into the present description.

[0120] Furthermore, it should be explained again at this point that the present invention can be used not only for wireless charging, but also for wireless discharging of accumulators, in particular traction batteries.

[0121] It is therefore advantageous if the charging device is designed to also discharge the accumulator, in particular the traction battery.

[0122] According to an additional aspect of the invention, the object is also achieved by an energy transmission unit comprising mutually corresponding transmitting and / or receiving units according to at least one of the features described here, in which the interfaces of the mutually corresponding transmitting and / or receiving units are arranged opposite one another. This allows the energy transmission unit to be designed and constructed particularly simply. The energy transmission unit can also be advantageously used in the field of e-mobility if at least one transmitting and / or receiving unit of mutually interacting transmitting and / or receiving units is arranged mobile relative to the interacting transmitting and / or receiving unit.

[0123] According to a further aspect of the invention, the object is also achieved by a motor vehicle with an accumulator, in particular with a traction battery, and with a charging and / or discharging infrastructure for charging and / or discharging the accumulator, in particular for inductive charging and / or discharging, wherein the motor vehicle has at least one transmitting and / or receiving unit according to a feature of the features described here.

[0124] According to another aspect, the object of the invention is also achieved by a motor vehicle with an accumulator, in particular with a traction battery, and with a charging and / or discharging infrastructure for charging and / or discharging the accumulator, in particular for inductive charging and / or discharging, wherein the motor vehicle has a shielding component against electrical and / or magnetic radiation, wherein the shielding component consists at least partially of a material compound comprising components of a soft magnetic material.

[0125] Using such a material compound, components can be produced that are very light in weight but have extremely good shielding properties and can be shaped into almost any shape during production.

[0126] The components can be present in different consistencies, for example as granules or similar, which can also be easily sintered or cast as a material compound.

[0127] In particular, a material with a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 1,000 and / or with a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 10 A / m, or additionally with other material properties, as described in connection with the magnetic field-sensitive component or the modification device, is suitable for this purpose.

[0128] To avoid repetition regarding a suitable material, reference is made to the relevant description.

[0129] The object of the invention is also achieved according to a further aspect by a method for producing a transmitting and / or receiving unit for the inductive transmission of energy by means of a magnet-sensitive component for guiding the magnetic flux out of the transmitting and / or receiving unit or into the transmitting and / or receiving unit, in which the magnetic flux-conducting component is wound at least partially from a strip material.

[0130] By means of a wound strip material, the present magnetic field sensitive component or the modification device described here can be manufactured in almost any desired dimensions.

[0131] If the winding is produced in the longitudinal extension of the magnetic field sensitive component, the magnetic field sensitive component or the changing device can be produced with particularly good conducting properties and can be provided at the transmitting and / or receiving unit.

[0132] Furthermore, properties described in connection with the advantageous relative permeability or coercive field strength can be easily achieved if the magnetic field-sensitive component is made at least partially from a metallic glass material. If the magnetic field-sensitive component is shortened after winding, and if at least one interface for introducing or expelling a magnetic flux is subsequently produced at the shortened ends of the magnetic field-sensitive component, in particular for introducing or expelling it from the transmitting and / or receiving unit or for introducing it into the transmitting and / or receiving unit, a wide variety of structural lengths can be produced, particularly with regard to the component.

[0133] At least two boundary surfaces acting in the sense of the invention can be arranged in a structurally simple manner on a common transmitting and / or receiving side of the transmitting and / or receiving unit if the magnetically sensitive component is bent along its longitudinal extent at least at two spaced-apart locations

[0134] According to an additional aspect of the invention, the object is also achieved by the use of a metallic glass material for producing a transmitting and / or receiving unit for the inductive transmission of energy, in particular for producing a magnetic field-sensitive component for guiding, transmitting and / or receiving a magnetic flux.

[0135] This allows the transmitting and / or receiving unit to be built to be particularly powerful, yet extremely compact.

[0136] According to a further aspect of the invention, the object is also achieved by using magnetic field-sensitive particles made of a metallic glass material for producing a shielding layer on a vehicle, in particular on a vehicle body, preferably on a floor area of ​​a vehicle body. With the aid of such a shielding layer, sensitive components of the motor vehicle, such as electronic components, can be very effectively protected from undesirable influences associated with energy transmission within the scope of the present transmitting and / or receiving unit.

[0137] For example, the present shielding layer can be present as a viscous base material which hardens after being applied to a surface, preferably hardens in an elastically deformable manner.

[0138] The present shielding layer can also be designed as a shielding component, as already described above.

[0139] In any case, the shielding layer can have the same or at least similar properties as already described above with regard to the magnetic field-sensitive component or the changing device.

[0140] To avoid repetition, please refer to the relevant description.

[0141] Furthermore, it should be noted that in the context of this patent application, indefinite articles and indefinite numerical expressions such as "one...", "two..." etc. are generally to be understood as at least expressions, i.e. as "at least one...", "at least two..." etc., unless it is clear from the context or the specific text of a particular passage that only "exactly one...", "exactly two..." etc. are meant.

[0142] At this point it should also be mentioned that in the context of this patent application the expression "in particular" is always to be understood as introducing an optional, preferred feature. The expression is not to be understood as "and indeed" or "namely".

[0143] Further advantages, details and features of the invention will become apparent from the following exemplary embodiments.

[0144] Components which in the individual figures are at least substantially identical in terms of their function can be identified by the same reference symbols, although the components do not have to be numbered and explained in all figures.

[0145] The drawing shows:

[0146] Figure 1: schematically shows a perspective view of an individual transmitting and / or receiving unit;

[0147] Figure 2: schematically a perspective view of two mutually corresponding transmitting and / or receiving units as an energy transmission unit;

[0148] Figure 3: schematically shows a perspective view of a plurality of transmitting and / or receiving units arranged in an oval basic arrangement;

[0149] Figure 4: schematically shows a plan view of a plurality of transmitting and / or receiving units arranged in a linear basic arrangement relative to one another, wherein the transmitting and / or receiving units are arranged straight next to one another;

[0150] Figure 5: schematically shows a top view of a plurality of transmitting and / or receiving units arranged in a basic linear arrangement relative to one another, wherein the transmitting and / or receiving units are arranged next to one another in a straight line and alternately offset; Figure 6: schematically shows a top view of a plurality of transmitting and / or receiving units arranged in a basic linear arrangement relative to one another, wherein the transmitting and / or receiving units are arranged next to one another in a straight line with a center;

[0151] Figure 7 : schematically shows a plan view of a plurality of transmitting and / or receiving units arranged in a linear basic arrangement; and

[0152] Figure 8: schematically shows a plan view of a plurality of transmitting and / or receiving units arranged in a circular basic arrangement relative to one another.

[0153] The transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 shown in Figure 1 for the inductive transmission of energy (not shown) has, in a very simple embodiment, a magnetically sensitive component 4 which interacts, in particular in an electromagnetic interaction, with an electrically conductive conductor element 6 which is only shown in outline.

[0154] The transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 has a central axis 8, wherein, according to the illustration in Figure 1, a transverse axis 9 of the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 is also shown, which is shown running orthogonally to the central axis 8.

[0155] The magnetically sensitive component 4 has a rod-shaped, i.e. elongated, base body 10.

[0156] The base body 10 is bent in the direction of the longitudinal extent 12 of the magnetically sensitive component 4 at two bending regions 14 and 15 such that the magnetically sensitive component 4 has a central section 16 and two leg sections 18 and 19, wherein the two leg sections 18 and 19 are arranged aligned towards the central axis 8 in the same direction 20, namely in the transmitting and / or receiving direction 20 of the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1.

[0157] The two leg sections 18 and 19 run parallel to the central axis 8 and consequently also parallel to each other.

[0158] The two leg sections 18 and 19 are spaced from each other by a leg spacing 22.

[0159] The leg spacing 22 can also tend towards zero in order to be able to build the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 extremely compactly.

[0160] In any case, the base body 10 is U-shaped.

[0161] The magnetically sensitive component 4 has a boundary surface 26 and 27 at each of its two ends 24 and 25.

[0162] The interfaces 26 and 27 are bounded by interface edges 29 (numbered here only as an example).

[0163] The two boundary surfaces 26, 27 are formed as cutting surfaces (not numbered again) through the base body 10.

[0164] The two interfaces 26, 27 are preferably uninsulated, while the magnetically sensitive component 4 can optionally have an insulating layer (not shown) on its other surface 28 (numbered only as an example).

[0165] By means of the boundary surfaces 26, 27, a transmitting and / or receiving side 30 or energy transmission side (not numbered again) can advantageously be defined on the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1. Preferably, the two boundary surfaces 26 and 27 are arranged in a common transmitting and / or receiving plane 31, so that the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 can advantageously transmit energy both symmetrically and receive it symmetrically.

[0166] Since the two boundary surfaces 26 and 27 lie in the common transmitting and / or receiving plane 31, their normals 26A and 27A also point in the same direction 20.

[0167] In this respect, the two normals 26A and 27A also run parallel to the central axis 8 of the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1.

[0168] The magnetically sensitive component 4 of the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 is designed in such a way that with its aid, magnetic field lines (not shown for the sake of clarity) on the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 can be compressed particularly well and in a targeted manner and thus a corresponding magnetic flux (also not shown for the sake of clarity) can be guided particularly specifically and effectively along the rod-shaped, elongated base body 10.

[0169] This ensures that, on the one hand, magnetic field lines or a corresponding magnetic flux can emerge from the base body 10 of the magnetically sensitive component 4 in a highly concentrated manner at the interfaces 26 and 27 in order to be able to emit energy from the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 accordingly.

[0170] On the other hand, magnetic field lines or a corresponding magnetic flux can, conversely, advantageously enter the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 at the interfaces 26 and 27 and be guided in a correspondingly compressed manner along the base body 10 in order to be able to advantageously receive energy from the environment at the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1. The magnetic field lines can be guided in a particularly good, compressed manner at the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 if the magneto-sensitive component 4 is at least partially designed to increase the permeability of the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 in certain areas.

[0171] In this respect, the base body 10 on the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 or the magnetically sensitive component 4 on the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 can be designed partially or preferably entirely as a changing device 34 for increasing the permeability.

[0172] In this way, stray field losses at the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 can be significantly reduced, whereby the transmission performance of energy with the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 can be increased extremely well.

[0173] The performance improvements described above can be realized structurally in a simple manner by means of a soft magnetic material which in particular has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 1 , 000 , or preferably more.

[0174] It is also advantageous if the soft magnetic material optionally has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 30 A / m, or less.

[0175] More precisely, the base body 10 consists of a wound metallic glass material 32 .

[0176] The transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 can be operated particularly effectively by means of a correspondingly designed magnetically sensitive component 4 or a change device 34. The change device 34 is arranged between the two interfaces 26 and 27.

[0177] For example, the changing device 34 can be implemented only in certain areas on the magnetically sensitive component 4.

[0178] In the embodiment shown here, the changing device 34 affects the magnetically sensitive component 4 completely.

[0179] In other words, this means that the magnetically sensitive component 4 consists entirely of the soft magnetic material with the properties described above.

[0180] The electrically conductive conductor element 6 can be physically designed in different ways, for example as an insulated wire element.

[0181] In addition, the electrically conductive conductor element 6 can also be arranged differently from the magnetically sensitive component 4, for example, the electrically conductive conductor element 6 can be wound several times around the base body 10 of the magnetically sensitive component 4.

[0182] The electrically conductive conductor element 6 has a connection side 35 by means of which it can be energetically connected to a power supply device 36 not shown here.

[0183] The transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 described here is particularly well suited for implementing a charging device 38 for inductively charging a rechargeable battery (not shown here) or, in particular, a traction battery (not shown) of a motor vehicle (not explicitly shown). Furthermore, the charging device 38 is also characterized by an electrical protection device 39 with an AC / DC-sensitive fault circuit breaker 39A.

[0184] In particular, with at least two or preferably more of the transmitting and / or receiving units 1 described here, a wireless energy transmission unit 40 can advantageously be produced, such as, for example, the energy transmission unit 40 according to the illustration in Figure 2.

[0185] The transmitting and / or receiving units 1 are arranged relative to one another in such a way that their respective boundary surfaces 26 and 27 are arranged facing one another.

[0186] In other words, this means that the respective transmitting and / or receiving sides 30 of the two transmitting and / or receiving units 1 are arranged opposite one another.

[0187] As a result, energy can be advantageously transmitted between the two transmitting and / or receiving units 1, in particular between the respective opposite interfaces 26 and 27.

[0188] Advantageously, in the energy transmission unit 40, at least a first transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 of the two transmitting and / or receiving units 1 is arranged mobile relative to the other transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 of the two transmitting and / or receiving units 1, so that the mobile first transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 can be arranged, for example, on a motor vehicle, while the other transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 is arranged in a fixed location, for example on a charging device 38 for inductive or wireless charging, in particular of the traction battery of the motor vehicle.Since the two transmitting and / or receiving units 1 in this exemplary embodiment are of identical design and also correspond to the design of the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 from Figure 1, for further explanation of the two transmitting and / or receiving units 1, reference is made to the description of the transmitting and / or receiving unit 1 shown in Figure 1 in order to avoid repetitions.

[0189] According to the illustration in Figure 3, an exemplary arrangement 42 of upper mobile transmitting and / or receiving units 100 and of lower stationary transmitting and / or receiving units 100 is shown.

[0190] The upper and lower transmitting and / or receiving units 100 are identical.

[0191] The transmitting and / or receiving units 100 have a similar structure to the transmitting and / or receiving units 1 from Figures 1 and 2.

[0192] In this respect, for a detailed description of the transmitting and / or receiving units 100, reference can also be made to the description of the transmitting and / or receiving units 1 in order to avoid repetitions here as well.

[0193] Since all transmitting and / or receiving units 100 have the same structure, they can particularly simplify wireless charging in the field of e-mobility.

[0194] For example, the upper mobile transmitting and / or receiving units 100 are advantageously arranged on a motor vehicle 44 (not shown in detail), in particular on a passenger car, and are electrically connected in a suitable manner, in particular to a traction battery 45 of the motor vehicle 44, by means of the electrically conductive conductor elements 6. The lower, stationary transmitting and / or receiving units 100, on the other hand, are assigned to a charging device 38, which in turn is associated with a charging station (not shown) for motor vehicles 44.

[0195] The transmitting and / or receiving units 100 are arranged, for example, along an oval line 46.

[0196] By means of the large number of lower and upper transmitting and / or receiving units 100 which are operatively connected to one another, the effective total interfaces 47 available for transmitting energy between the upper and lower transmitting and / or receiving units 100 can be advantageously increased, wherein the total interfaces 47 are each summed up from the individual interfaces 26 and 27 of the upper and lower transmitting and / or receiving units 100.

[0197] To protect in particular against electromagnetic radiation emanating from the transmitting and / or receiving units 100, the motor vehicle 44 is also equipped with a shielding component 48, wherein the shielding component 48 consists at least partially of a material compound comprising components 49 made of a soft magnetic material, which in particular has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 1,000 and / or a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 10 A / m.

[0198] According to the illustrations in Figures 4 to 8, further possible first arrangements of transmitting and / or receiving units 200 and 300 are shown as examples.

[0199] With regard to the illustration according to Figure 4, another arrangement 52 of, for example, five transmitting and / or receiving units 200 arranged next to one another is shown. The five transmitting and / or receiving units 200 are arranged next to one another in such a way that their respective interfaces 26 and 27 form a common, in particular linear, overall interface 53.

[0200] For this purpose, the five transmitting and / or receiving units 200 are arranged such that they are placed with their respective transverse axes 9 along a straight line 54.

[0201] Since the interfaces 26 and 27 are arranged in a common transmitting and / or receiving plane 31 (here: paper plane), the interfaces 26 and 27 each have a surface angle 31A (shown only as an example) of 180°. Thus, the entire interface 53 is flat.

[0202] With regard to the illustration according to Figure 5, an additional arrangement 56 is shown in which the five transmitting and / or receiving units 200 are again arranged next to one another, but this time alternately offset from one another along the straight line 54.

[0203] For this purpose, for example, two transmitting and / or receiving units 200 of the five transmitting and / or receiving units 200 are arranged displaced from the straight line 54, namely by one edge length of the interface edge 29.

[0204] The size of the common overall interface 53 formed in this way remains the same as the overall interface 53 of the other arrangement 52 from Figure 4. The common overall interface 53 is also flat.

[0205] Regarding the representation in Figure 6, an alternative

[0206] Arrangement 58 is shown, in which the eight transmitting and / or receiving units 200 (not numbered again here) are again arranged next to one another along the straight line 54.

[0207] In addition to two outer transmitting and / or receiving units 200 arranged next to one another, the alternative arrangement 58 also has a reinforced center 60 consisting of four transmitting and / or receiving units 200, two of which are arranged one above the other, i.e. transversely to the straight line 54.

[0208] The alternative overall interface 61 formed in this way is larger and also flat.

[0209] With regard to the illustration according to Figure 7, a further alternative arrangement 64 is shown, which again comprises eight transmitting and / or receiving units 200 (not numbered again here), of which two transmitting and / or receiving units 200 are arranged in pairs one below the other in a direction transverse to the straight line 54.

[0210] The individual interfaces 26 and 27 of the eighth transmitting and / or receiving units 200 form a flat overall interface 65 of the further alternative arrangement 64.

[0211] With regard to the illustration according to Figure 8, a further exemplary arrangement 66 of eight other transmitting and / or receiving units 300 with smaller-area boundary surfaces 26 bz . 27 is shown, which are arranged concentrically around a center point 67 of the further exemplary arrangement 66 and along a circular line 68.

[0212] The individual transmitting and / or receiving units 300 each enclose an angle 69 (shown only as an example) with one another. All transmitting and / or receiving units 300 lie in a common transmitting and / or receiving plane 31 and, together, form a flat overall interface 70. At this point, it should be explicitly pointed out that the features of the solutions described above or in the claims and / or figures can also be combined if necessary in order to be able to implement or achieve the explained features, effects and advantages in a correspondingly cumulative manner.

[0213] It is understood that the exemplary embodiments and arrangements explained above are merely initial embodiments of the invention. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention is not limited to these exemplary embodiments and arrangements.

[0214] List of reference symbols

[0215] 1 transmitting and / or receiving unit(s)

[0216] 4 magnetically sensitive component

[0217] 6 electrically conductive conductor element

[0218] 8 Central axis

[0219] 9 Transverse axis

[0220] 10 basic bodies

[0221] 12 Longitudinal extension

[0222] 14 first bending area

[0223] 15 second bending area

[0224] 16 Middle section

[0225] 18 first leg section

[0226] 19 second leg section

[0227] 20 same direction or sending and / or receiving direction

[0228] 22 leg spacing

[0229] 24 first end

[0230] 25 second end

[0231] 26 first interface

[0232] 26A a normal of the first boundary surface

[0233] 27 second interface

[0234] 27A a normal of the second interface

[0235] 28 other surfaces

[0236] 29 interface edges

[0237] 30 Sending and / or receiving side

[0238] 31 Transmitting and / or receiving level

[0239] 31A Diagonal angle

[0240] 32 metallic glass material

[0241] 34 Change facility

[0242] 35 Connection side

[0243] 36 Energy supply facility

[0244] 38 loading device

[0245] 39 electrical protective device

[0246] 39A residual current device

[0247] 40 Energy transfer unit 42 exemplary arrangement

[0248] 44 Motor vehicle

[0249] 45 Traction battery

[0250] 46 oval line

[0251] 47 Total border area

[0252] 48 Shielding component or shielding layer

[0253] 49 components or particles

[0254] 52 other arrangement

[0255] 53 linear total interface

[0256] 54 straight line

[0257] 56 additional arrangement

[0258] 58 alternative arrangement

[0259] 60 reinforced center

[0260] 61 alternative total boundary area

[0261] 64 further alternative arrangement

[0262] 65 flat total interface

[0263] 66 further exemplary arrangement

[0264] 67 Center

[0265] 68 Circle line

[0266] 69 angles

[0267] 70 Total boundary area

[0268] 100 additional transmitting and / or receiving units

[0269] 200 additional transmitting and / or receiving units

[0270] 300 additional transmitting and / or receiving units

Claims

Patent claims 1. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) for the inductive transmission of energy, having a central axis (8), a magnetic field-sensitive component (4) for conducting a magnetic flux, and at least one electrically conductive conductor element (6), in which the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) and the at least one conductor element (6) are arranged so as to interact electromagnetically with one another, and in which the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) has at least two boundary surfaces (26, 27) at which the magnetic flux enters or exits the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) in a condensed manner, the at least two boundary surfaces (26, 27) being arranged together on an energy transmission side (30) of the transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300).

2. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) comprises a changing device (34) for increasing the permeability, wherein the changing device (34) is arranged to act between the at least two boundary surfaces (26, 27).

3. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) and / or the changing device (34) for increasing the permeability has a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 1,000, preferably greater than or equal to 5,000 and particularly preferably greater than or equal to 10,000.

4. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the magnetic field sensitive component (4) and / or the changing device (34) has a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 30 A / m, preferably less than or equal to 5 A / m and particularly preferably less than or equal to 3 A / m.

5. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) and / or the changing device (34) comprise a soft magnetic material.

6. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) and / or the changing device (34) comprise a metallic glass material (32).

7. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) and / or the changing device (34) have a wound base body (10).

8. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) and / or the changing device (34) have a longitudinal extension (12) with two ends (24, 25) whose normals (26A, 27A) point substantially in the same direction (20).

9. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that two or preferably more transmitting and / or receiving units (1) are arranged next to one another in such a way that their boundary surfaces (26, 27) are arranged lying in a common plane (31).

10. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that two or preferably more transmitting and / or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) are arranged relative to one another in such a way that their boundary surfaces (26, 27), in particular boundary surface edges (29) thereof, are arranged directly adjacent to one another, or at most are arranged at a distance from one another which corresponds to one interface edge length or less, or preferably half an interface edge length or less.

11. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that two or preferably more transmitting and / or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) are arranged next to one another in such a way that their boundary surfaces (26, 27) are arranged lying in a common plane (31), and two boundary surface edge lengths (29) of boundary surfaces (26, 27) arranged directly next to one another enclose an angle (69) with one another.

12. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that two or preferably more transmitting and / or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) are arranged next to one another in such a way that boundary surfaces (26, 27) arranged next to one another enclose a surface angle (31A) which is different from 180°.

13. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that two or preferably more transmitting and / or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) are arranged next to one another in such a way that their boundary surfaces (26, 27) form a common linear overall boundary surface (47; 53; 61; 65; 70).

14. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the at least one conductor element (6) is designed as an electrically conductive conductor element (6) that less than completely encloses the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) and / or the changing device (34).

15. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the at least one conductor element (6) is connected by means of a connecting means is indirectly connected to the magnetic field sensitive component (4) and / or to and / or the changing device (34).

16. Transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the at least one conductor element (6) has an electrical connection (35) to an external energy supply device (36).

17. Charging device (38) for inductively charging an accumulator, in particular a traction battery of a motor vehicle, with a power supply device (36) or with a connection device for connection to a power supply device (36), characterized in that the charging device (38) has at least one transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of the preceding claims.

18. Charging device (38) according to claim 17, characterized in that the charging device (38) has an electrical protection device (39) with an all-current sensitive fault circuit breaker (39A).

19. Charging device (38) according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the charging device (38) is designed to also discharge the accumulator, in particular the traction battery (45).

20. Energy transmission unit (40) comprising mutually corresponding transmitting and / or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the boundary surfaces (26, 27) of the mutually corresponding transmitting and / or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) are arranged opposite one another.

21. Energy transmission unit (40) according to claim 20, characterized in that at least one transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) of mutually interacting Transmitting and / or receiving units (1; 100; 200; 300) are arranged mobile relative to the interacting transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300).

22. Motor vehicle (44) with an accumulator, in particular with a traction battery (45), and with a charging and / or discharging infrastructure for charging and / or discharging the accumulator, in particular for inductive charging and / or discharging, characterized in that the motor vehicle (44) has at least one transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) according to one of claims 1 to 16.

23. Motor vehicle (44) with an accumulator, in particular with a traction battery (45), and with a charging and / or discharging infrastructure for charging and / or discharging the accumulator, in particular for inductive charging and / or discharging, in particular a motor vehicle (44) according to claim 22, characterized in that the motor vehicle (44) has a shielding component (48) against electrical and / or magnetic radiation, wherein the shielding component (48) consists at least partially of a material compound comprising components of a soft magnetic material, in particular with a relative permeability of greater than or equal to 1,000 and / or with a coercive field strength of less than or equal to 10 A / m.

24. Method for producing a transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) for the inductive transmission of energy by means of a magnetic field sensitive component (4) for guiding the magnetic flux out of the transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) or into the transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300), in which the magnetic field sensitive component (4) is at least partially wound from a strip material.

25. Method according to claim 24, characterized in that the winding is produced in the longitudinal extension (12) of the magnetic field sensitive component (4).

26. Method according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that the magnetic field-sensitive component (4) is made at least partially from a metallic glass material (32).

27. Method according to one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that the magnetically sensitive component (4) is shortened after winding, and in that at least one interface (26, 27) for introducing or removing a magnetic flux is produced at the shortened ends (24, 25) of the magnetically sensitive component (4), in particular for leading out of the transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) or for leading into the transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300).

28. Method according to one of claims 24 to 27, characterized in that the magnetically sensitive component (4) is bent along its longitudinal extent (12) at least at two spaced-apart locations (14, 15).

29. Use of a metallic glass material (32) for producing a transmitting and / or receiving unit (1; 100; 200; 300) for the inductive transmission of energy, in particular for producing a magnetic field-sensitive component (4) for guiding, transmitting and / or receiving a magnetic flux.

30. Use of magnetic field sensitive particles (49) made of a metallic glass material (32) for producing a shielding layer (48) on a vehicle (44), in particular on a vehicle body, preferably on a floor area of ​​a vehicle body.

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