Substrate loading and staging without lift pins
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KATEEVA INC
- Filing Date
- 2023-07-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-27
AI Technical Summary
The use of lift pins in substrate loading, unloading, and staging can lead to thermal non-uniformity, resulting in pattern artifacts on finished products, and also slows down manufacturing throughput due to the time required for lift pin extension and retraction.
A substrate processing system that employs a discontinuous gas float substrate support in both staging and processing zones, along with movement means and lifting means, such as rollers or suction devices, to lift the leading edge of the substrate and prevent collisions with gas float members.
The system effectively prevents substrate collisions and thermal non-uniformities, enhancing manufacturing throughput and product quality by eliminating the need for lift pins and ensuring consistent substrate support.
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Figure CN2023108461_23012025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SUBSTRATE LOADING AND STAGING WITHOUT LIFT PINSBACKGROUND
[0001] Lift pins are commonly used for loading, unloading, and staging of solid, planar substrate in various solid state industries. Semiconductor manufacturing and display manufacturing are two such industries. In some cases, thermal effects in processing can cause problems with final products, and the thermal non-uniformity caused by substrate contact with a lift pin can result in unwanted effects on finished products. For example, in the context of display manufacturing using inkjet printing, a liquid material is deposited onto a substrate, usually in a thin film that can be less than 100 μm thick. In such cases the substrate can be a glass material rendered into a large plate that can be less than 500 μm thick. The liquid is typically solidified by curing, drying or the like into a solid layer on the substrate, and thermal non-uniformity in the process of solidifying can cause the appearance of pattern artifacts in the solid layer that are visible on the display device. In some cases, contact between a lift pin and the back side of the substrate can result in a thermal non-uniformity that can lead to just such artifacts. In addition, lift pins take time to extend and retract, slowing down manufacturing throughput. Methods and apparatus for loading, unloading, and staging substrates for processing without the use of lift pins is needed.SUMMARY
[0002] Embodiments described herein provide a substrate processing system, comprising a staging zone with a discontinuous gas float substrate support; a processing zone coupled to the staging zone, the processing zone having a gas float substrate support; movement means for moving a substrate between the staging zone and the processing zone; and lifting means for lifting an leading edge of a substrate during movement between the staging zone and the processing zone.
[0003] Other embodiments described herein provide a method of processing a substrate, comprising supporting a substrate on a discontinuous gas float support in a staging zone of a processing apparatus; moving the substrate from the staging zone to a processing zone; processing the substrate in the processing zone; moving the substrate from the processing zone to the discontinuous gas float support of the staging zone; and while moving the substrate from the processing zone to the staging zone, lifting a leading edge of the substrate to avoid collision between the leading edge of the substrate and a gas float member of the gas float support.
[0004] Other embodiments described herein provide a substrate processing system, comprising a staging zone with a discontinuous gas float substrate support; a processing zone coupled to the staging zone, the processing zone having a gas float substrate support; movement means for moving a substrate between the staging zone and the processing zone; and a roller assembly for lifting an leading edge of a substrate during movement between the staging zone and the processing zone.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0005] Fig. 1A is a plan view of a substrate processing system according to one embodiment.
[0006] Fig. 1B is an elevation view of the substrate processing system of Fig. 1A.
[0007] Fig. 1C is a detail view of a portion of the substrate processing system of Fig. 1A.
[0008] Fig. 1D is a plan view of a substrate processing system according to another embodiment.
[0009] Fig. 2A is a plan view of a substrate processing system according to another embodiment.
[0010] Fig. 2B is an elevation view of the substrate processing system of Fig. 2A.
[0011] Fig. 2C is a plan view of a substrate processing system according to another embodiment.
[0012] Fig. 3A is a plan view of a substrate processing apparatus according to another embodiment.
[0013] Fig. 3B is an elevation view of the substrate processing system of Fig. 3A.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] Methods and apparatus for loading, unloading, and staging of substrates for processing without the use of lift pins are described herein. Substrates are disposed on a gas float staging zone of a processing system for substrate input and output. The staging zone generally uses a discontinuous gas float support that has gas float members configured to have gaps between them to interleave with an end effector that disposes the substrate on the support and retrieves the substrate from the support. The end effector generally extends into engagement with the staging zone and moves through the gaps between the gas float members to deposit and retrieve substrates at the gas float, and then withdraws from the staging zone. The gas float provides frictionless movement of the substrate along the staging zone to a processing chamber of the processing system, but as the substrate moves over the gas float, inherent flexibility of the substrate can cause the leading edge of the substrate to droop in the gap between the gas float members, where there is no gas cushion to support the substrate. The extent of the droop can be enough to cause the leading edge of the substrate to collide with a gas float member as the substrate moves toward the gas float member.
[0015] For this reason, lifting means are provided to apply a lifting force to the leading edge of the substrate during movement between the staging zone and a processing chamber of the processing system. Fig. 1A is a plan view of a processing system 100 according to one embodiment. Fig. 1B is an elevation view of the processing system 100. The processing system 100 has a staging zone 102 for substrate input and output and a processing zone 104 coupled adjacent to the staging zone 102. The staging zone 102 uses a discontinuous gas float substrate support 106 to support a substrate 108 on a gas cushion for deposition and retrieval at the staging zone 102. The processing zone 104 also generally uses a gas float substrate support 110 so the substrate 108 can be moved continuously and frictionlessly between the staging zone 102 and an interior of the processing zone 104. The gas float substrate supports 106 and 110 are generally disposed on, in, or with a base structure 111, here shown as a table-like structure but any suitable base structure can be used. The base structure 111 generally rests on a ground or floor and provides stable support for the gas float supports 106 and 110, the lifting means 130, and any supporting equipment.
[0016] An enclosure 112 encloses the staging zone 102 and the processing zone 104. The enclosure 112 can be supported on the base structure 111 or can be separately supported on a ground or floor. The processing zone 104 can perform any kind of process, such as a deposition process, a thermal treatment, a radiation treatment, a cooling treatment, a buffer process, or another type of process. In one category, the processing zone 104 is a radiation processing zone in which electromagnetic radiation is directed toward a substrate to modify a material of the substrate. The processing zone 104 of the processing system 100 has an ultraviolet radiation source 115 to expose the substrate 108 to ultraviolet radiation to solidify a liquid material on the substrate. The substrate is supported on the gas cushion of the processing zone 104 while an ultraviolet radiation source disposed over the gas float substrate support 110 illuminates the substrate.
[0017] The processing system 100 uses a substrate holder 114 as a movement means to engage with the substrate 108 at an edge thereof and to move the substrate 108 between the staging zone 102 and the processing zone 104, as indicated by arrows 116. The substrate holder 114 can be a vacuum device, such as a vacuum gripper, that has a flat surface to which vacuum is applied to securely attach to the back side of the substrate 108. The substrate holder 114 moves along a guide 118 that extends in a transport direction of the processing system 100. The transport direction is generally a direction the substrate 108 moves between the staging zone 102 and the processing zone 104 during processing. The substrate holder 114 thus attaches to the substrate 108, and as the substrate is frictionlessly supported by the discontinuous gas float substrate support 106, the holder 114 moves from the staging zone 102 to the processing zone 104, thus transporting the substrate from the staging zone 102 to the processing zone 104. As the substrate 108 moves across the junction between the gas float substrate support 106 and the gas float substrate support 110, the gas cushions of the staging zone 102 and the processing zone 104 continuously support the substrate 108 during motion thereof. The substrate holder 114 can be supported on and moved along the guide 118 by any convenient means, such as air bearing support and linear magnetodynamic propulsion.
[0018] The discontinuous gas float substrate support 106 has a plurality of gas float members 120 that extend in a transverse direction, transverse to the transport direction, and which define a plurality of gaps 122 between the gas float members 120. The transverse direction is the direction in which a substrate moves during input and output of the substrate at the staging zone 102. The gas float members 120 and the gaps 122 are configured to accommodate an end effector 124 of a substrate handler (not shown) that can deposit and retrieve substrates at the staging zone 102. The end effector 124 is extended into the processing system 100, optionally through a door or closure (not shown) , in the direction transverse to the transport direction and is moved through the gaps 122 in a direction perpendicular to the transport direction and the transverse direction. The end effector 124 thus moves between a position above the discontinuous gas float substrate support 106 (above a support surface 133 of each of the gas float members 120, see Fig. 1C) to a position below a support location of the gas cushion of the discontinuous gas float substrate support 106 where a substrate rests on the gas cushion, which may be below the support surface 133 of each of the gas float members 120, at the support surface 133 of each of the gas float members 120, or slightly above the support surface 133 of each of the gas float members 120 depending on the volume of the gas cushion and the location of the support location of the gas cushion. As the end effector 124 moves through the gaps 122, the end effector 124 can engage and disengage with a substrate, allowing deposition and retrieval of substrates without the use of lift pins.
[0019] The substrate 108 is processed in the processing zone 104. The substrate holder 114 typically remains engaged with the substrate during processing. In some cases, however, the substrate holder 114 may be disengaged from the substrate 108 during processing. In such cases, other restraints, such as edge restraints and / or corner restraints (not shown) can be used to maintain position of the substrate 108 during processing. When processing in the processing zone 104 is complete, the substrate holder 114 moves the substrate 108 back to the staging zone 102 to be removed from the processing system 100. To remove the substrate 108 from the processing system 100, the end effector 124 extends into the staging zone 102 below the substrate 108 and moves up through the gaps 122 to lift the substrate 108 off the gas cushion. The end effector 124, holding the substrate on the fingers thereof, withdraws from the processing system 100, removing the substrate in the process.
[0020] In many cases, the substrate 108 is thin enough to have a certain flexibility. As the substrate 108 moves toward the staging zone 102 from the processing zone 104, the leading edge of the substrate 108 moves over one of the gaps 122 of the discontinuous gas float substrate support 106. The gap 122 may be large enough to allow the substrate 108 to flex, potentially causing collision between the advancing edge of the substrate 108 and the approaching edge of one of the gas float members 120.
[0021] The processing system 100 uses lifting means 130 to lift the edge of the substrate 108 as the substrate advances into the staging zone 102 from the processing zone 104. In this case, the lifting means is a plurality of rollers 129 that engage with the leading edge of the substrate 108 as the substrate is advanced into the staging zone 102 to lift the leading edge of the substrate 108 above the edges of the gas float members 120 to avoid collision. Each of the rollers 129 is oriented to rotate about an axis parallel to the transverse direction such that when the substrate 108 contacts the roller, friction between the substrate edge and back surface and the surface of the roller causes the roller to rotate in the transportation direction so that the substrate 108 rides over the roller and the edge of the substrate is lifted above the edge of the gas float member 120.
[0022] Three lifting means 130, shown as the rollers 129, are used for each gas float member 120 in the processing system 100, but any convenient and suitable number of lifting means 130 can be used, depending on size and flexibility of the substrate 108. Additionally, four gas float members 120 are shown in the staging zone 102 of the process system 100, but any number of such gas float members 120 can be used, in harmonization with the substrate handler used to deposit and retrieve substrates at the staging zone 102 of the processing system 100. In particular, the staging zone 102 can be configured with gas float members 120 arranged to provide more gaps 122 than a particular substrate handler has fingers on the end effector thereof. Such configurations can provide the opportunity to process substrates of different sizes in the process system 100. For example, a smaller substrate might be handled by a substrate handler having an end effector with two fingers, but the staging zone 102 of the system 100 might have four gaps, so the substrate handler would use two of the gaps to deposit and retrieve the small substrate at the staging zone 102. Another substrate handler having and end effector with four fingers might also be able to deposit and retrieve a larger substrate at the staging zone 102 using all four gaps thereof. In this way, the staging zone 102 of the processing system 100 enables processing of substrates having varying sizes.
[0023] The rollers 129, as lifting means 130 for the system 100, are located at the trailing edge of gas float members 120 having lifting means 130. As the substrate is advanced into the staging zone 102 and approaches a gas float member 120, the substrate passes a first edge of the gas float member 120 first. The first edge of the gas float member 120 can be called the leading edge. As the substrate 108 advances further into the staging zone 102, the substrate passes a second edge of the gas float member 120. The second edge can be called the trailing edge. The lifting means 130 are located at the trailing edge of a gas float member 120 to raise the leading edge of the substrate 108 as the substrate is advanced over a gap 122.
[0024] Fig. 1C is a detail view of a portion of the processing system 100. In Fig. 1C, the substrate 108 is shown moving from the processing zone 104 into the staging zone 102, as shown by the arrow 131. The substrate 108 is shown extended over a gap 122 where gas cushion support is not available. A leading edge 132 of the substrate 108 is thus shown flexing downward without support while the bulk of the substrate 108 is still supported by a lifting means 130 at the edge of the processing zone 104 and by the gas float of the processing zone 104 (schematically shown as a cloud figure) . In the situation of Fig. 1C, the leading edge 132 of the substrate 108 is in danger of colliding with a first edge 140 of the gas float member 120 of the staging zone 102, as the substrate 108 advances into the staging zone 102, without additional support from the lifting means 130 at the edge of the processing zone 104. The lifting means 130 thus functions to maintain an elevation of the substrate 108 such that the leading edge 132 of the substrate 108 extends over the gas float member 120 without colliding with the first edge 140 of the gas float member 120. As the substrate 108 extends over the gas float member 120, the gas cushion of the staging zone 102 supports the portion of the substrate 108 extending over the gas float member 120 such that the flex of the substrate 108 is at least partially abated. As the substrate 108 moves across the gas float member 120, the leading edge 132 rises to meet the lifting means 130 coupled to the gas float member 120 at a second edge 145 thereof opposite from the first edge 140. Then, as the substrate 108 extends beyond the lifting means 130 of the gas float member 120 at the second edge 145, and the leading edge 132 of the substrate 108 extends over the gap (not shown) beyond the gas float member 120, the lifting means of the gas float member 120 provides support for the substrate 108 to avoid any downstream possibility for collision with a gas float member.
[0025] The lifting means 130 is shown protruding above the support surface 133 of the gas float member 120 to support the substrate 108 at an elevation to prevent contact between the leading edge 132 of the substrate 108 and the first edge 140 of the gas float member 120. In this case, the lifting means 130 is a roller that protrudes above the support surface 133 and into the gap 122. The roller rotates about an axle 134, which is shown in phantom because the roller is disposed in a slot 136 (Fig. 1A) formed in the edge of the gas float member. The axle 134 can be embedded in walls of the slot 136 to allow the roller to rotate passively upon contact with the back of the substrate 108.
[0026] As shown in Fig. 1C, the roller, which is the lifting means 130 in this case, protrudes above the support surface 133 of the gas float member 120 by a first distance 138. The gas cushion of the staging zone 102 supports the substrate at a support location 142 a second distance 143 above the support surface 133, the second distance 143 being larger than the first distance 138. While the substrate 108 is fully supported by the gas cushion of the staging zone 102, the substrate 108 might not be in contact with the lifting means 130 because the substrate may be supported at a larger distance from the support surface 133 than the first distance 138. As the substrate 108 is moved from the processing zone 104 to the staging zone 102, the leading edge 132 of the substrate 108 extends over the gap 122, and due to the flexibility of the substrate 108 may flex downward toward the gap 122. Without additional support from the lifting means 130, the leading edge 132 of the substrate 108 might be in danger of colliding with the first edge 140 of the gas support member 120. The lifting means 130 provides additional support to the substrate 108 to ensure the leading edge 132 of the substrate 108 does not collide with the first edge 140 of the gas float member 120. Each gas float member 120 has a lifting means 130 to provide support to the substrate 108 at the edge of the gas float member 120 as the leading edge 132 of the substrate 108 extends over the gap 122 adjacent to the lifting means 130.
[0027] The lifting means 130 may be actuated (Fig. 1B) . An actuator 144 may be coupled to all the lifting means 130 of the processing system 100 to position the lifting means 130 for access to the substrate 108 and also for access by the end effector to avoid conflict between the end effector and the lifting means 130. The actuator 144 can retract the lifting means 130 vertically, horizontally, or both, to maximize clearance for the end effector to access the gaps 122, and can extend the lifting means 130 vertically, horizontally, or both, during movement of the substrate 108 to provide protection against collision between the substrate 108 and the gas float members 120.
[0028] The actuator 144 can be enclosed in a housing 146 to minimize spread of any particles that might be formed by operation of the actuator 144. The housing 146 can be coupled to a gas moving device 148, such as a blower or vacuum device, to move gas through the housing 146 to remove particles that might collect in the housing 146 from operation of the actuator 144.
[0029] The processing system 100 has lifting means 130 that protect only one edge of the gas float members 120 because the potential for collision only happens when the substrate 108 is moved in one direction. Fig. 1D is a plan view of a processing system 150 according to another embodiment. The processing system 150 has two processing zones 104A and 104B positioned on either side of the staging zone 102. Substrates can be moved to the processing zone 104A, the processing zone 104B, or both, so substrates are moved, in the processing system 150, in two opposite directions in the staging zone 102, as shown by arrow 154. In the processing system 150, the potential for substrate collision with the gas float members 120 thus exists on both opposite edges of the gas float members 120. For this reason, the processing system 150 has lifting means 130 deployed at both opposite edges of each gas float member 120. The lifting means 130 of the processing system 150 can be actuated, like the lifting means 130 of the processing system 100, to retract the lifting means 130, vertically, horizontally, or both for access to the gaps 122 by the end effector.
[0030] The roller-type lifting means shown in Figs. 1A-1D are shown in sets of three. That is, each edge of a gas float member 120 that might collide with an advancing edge of a substrate has three rollers 129. In other cases, any suitable number of such rollers can be used, depending on the size of the system and the properties of the substrates. Where substrates are considerably flexible, more of the rollers 129 might be used as lifting means. Additionally, while the rollers 129 here are narrow, like wheels, thicker rollers that look more like elongated cylinders can be used in some cases. In cases where substrates are more thermally sensitive, smaller contact area between a roller 129 and the back side of the substrate might be preferred. In cases where substrates are less thermally sensitive, the substrates might tolerate thicker, more cylinder-like, rollers.
[0031] The lifting means 130 need not be rollers, and need not contact the substrate at all. Fig. 2A is a plan view of a processing system 200 according to another embodiment with different lifting means. The processing system 200 is generally similar to the processing system 100 of Fig. 1A, but with a different lifting means 130. In this case, the lifting means 130 is a plurality of gas float members positioned below the gas float members 120 to direct a flow of gas into the gaps 122 to provide support for portions of the substrate 108 that extend over the gaps 122. In this case, the gas float members the make up the lifting means 130 are elongated gas float members that are elongated in the direction transverse to the substrate transportation direction, and may take the form of gas bars parallel to the gas float members 120 generally in positional registration with the gaps 122.
[0032] Fig. 2B is an elevation view of the processing system 200. The lifting means 130 of the processing system 200, gas float members extending parallel to the gaps 122 and in positional registration with the gaps 122, are shown below the gas float member 120 to provide access for the end effector to enter the gaps 122 and pass through the gaps 122 to deposit and retrieve substrates such as the substrate 108. The substrate 108 is shown in a position partially in the processing zone 104 and partially in the staging zone 102. An actuator 202 is coupled to the gas bars providing the lifting means 130 for the processing system 200 to raise the gas bars toward the gaps 122 when the substrate 108 is moved from the processing zone 104 to the staging zone 102 so that the leading edge of the substrate 108 is supported as it traverses each gap 122, preventing the leading edge of the substrate 108 from dropping and colliding with the gas float members 120. When the substrate 108 is in place for retrieval from the staging zone 102 by an end effector, the lifting means 130 can be lowered to clear the gaps 122 for the end effector to enter and pass through the gaps 122 to lift the substrate 108 off the gas cushion support of the gas float members 120. By actuating the lifting means 130 of the processing system 200 vertically, the lifting means 130 can provide gas support during movement of the substrate 108 and can be retracted to clear the gaps 122 for use by the end effector.
[0033] As in the processing system 100, the actuator 202 of the processing system 200 can be enclosed in a housing 204 to control particles that may be formed by movement of the lifting means 130 by the actuator 202. The housing 204 shown here has extensions that extend into the gaps 122 to provide channels for the lifting means 130 to extend into the gaps 122. A gas moving device 206 can also be coupled to the housing 204 to move gas through the housing 204 to evacuate particles formed by operation of the actuator 202.
[0034] Fig. 2C is a plan view of a processing system 250 according to another embodiment. The processing system 250 uses gas float members 251 as lifting means 130, like the processing system 200, but in the processing system 250, the gas float members 251 are elongated members that extend in the transport direction, transverse to the gas float members 120 of the staging zone 102. In this case, the gas float members 251 of the lifting means 130 extend beneath the gas float members 120 of the staging zone 102 along substantially the whole length of the staging zone 102, and at least below all the gaps 122 of the staging zone 102.
[0035] In another class of embodiments, a lifting means can contact the front side, or active side, of the substrate to lift the leading edge while the substrate is moving toward a gas float member. Fig. 3A is a plan view of a processing system 300 according to another embodiment. The processing system 300 has a lifting means 130 disposed above the staging zone 102 that is movable from a location near the processing zone 104 to a location near an end of the staging zone 102 opposite from the processing zone 104. The lifting means 130 is a vacuum device that contacts the leading edge of the substrate 108, on an active surface of the substrate 108 in a non-active region thereof, and applies vacuum to the non-active region to attach to the substrate 108 securely at the active surface thereof at the leading edge thereof.
[0036] On either side of the substrate support 106 is a support structure 302 that supports a suction member 304 with suction devices 306, shown here in phantom because the suction devices 306 are at a lower surface of the suction member 304. The suction devices 306 contact the leading edge of the substrate 108 and adhere thereto by application of vacuum. Actuators (not shown) coupled to the suction member 304 move the suction devices 306 up and down to lift the leading edge of the substrate 108 during movement thereof in the transport direction. The suction member 304 is actuated to move along the support structure 302 in the transport direction to position the suction member 304 where the suction devices 306 can contact and engage with the leading edge of the substrate 108. The support structure 302 can comprise two rails 308, one on either side of the substrate support 106 in the transverse direction, each rail 308 extending in the transport direction. A riser (not shown) connects each end of the suction member 304 with a respective rail 308. The risers are configured (using suitable bearings) to move along the rails 308 to position the suction member 304 at an advantageous location for engaging with the leading edge of the substrate 108 prior to the substrate advancing substantially to the staging zone 102.
[0037] The risers are actuated to move along the rails 308 to an initial position at the location where the staging zone 102 joins the processing zone 104. When the substrate 108 is to be moved from the processing zone 104 to the staging zone 102, The suction devices 306 are actuated to extend downward and engage the leading edge of the substrate 108 using vacuum to attach to the leading edge. Vacuum can be transmitted to the suction devices through suitable conduits (not shown) that can lay alongside the substrate support 106. Upon engaging with the leading edge of the substrate 108, the suction devices 306 are actuated to rise and lift the leading edge of the substrate 108. The substrate 108 can then be moved to the staging zone 102.
[0038] The substrate 108 can be moved using the substrate holder 114, which attaches by vacuum to the underside of the substrate 108. In such cases, the suction member 304 can be passively supported by the risers above the rails 308, such that the suction member 304 is drawn along the rails 308 by movement of the substrate 108. Alternately, the risers can be actuated to move the suction member 304, while attached to the substrate 108, from the processing area to the staging zone 102. In such cases, the substrate holder 114 can move passively while attached to the substrate 108, or the substrate holder 114 can disengage from the substrate 108 while the suction member 304 moves along the rails 308. In some cases, the substrate holder 114 and guide 118 can be omitted from the apparatus 300, so movement of the substrate between the staging zone 102 and the processing zone 104 is accomplished using the suction member 304. In such cases, the suction member 304 is positioned at a location proximate to the location where the leading edge of the substrate 108 will be when the end effector 124 deposits the substrate 108 at the staging zone 102. When the substrate 108 is in position, the suction devices 306 can be extended downward to engage with the leading edge of the substrate 108 by vacuum. Because the suction devices 306 engage the top side, or active side, of the substrate 108, outside an active region of the substrate 108 near the edge thereof, the suction devices 306 can engage with the substrate 108 while the substrate 108 is in contact with the end effector 124, or after the end effector 124 has deposited the substrate on the gas cushion of the gas float members 120. If the suction devices 306 engage the substrate 108 before the substrate 108 loses contact with the end effector 124, positioning equipment to position the substrate 108 on the gas cushion after the end effector 124 loses contact with the substrate 108 can be simplified. Upon engaging with the substrate 108, the suction member 304 can move to the location where the staging zone 102 meets the processing zone 104 to move the substrate 108 into the processing zone 104.
[0039] To move the substrate from the staging zone 102 to the processing zone 104, the suction devices 306 do not need to be retracted to lift the leading edge of the substrate 108, because when the end effector 124 deposits the substrate on the gas cushion, the substrate 108 is positioned such that no edge of the substrate 108 is at risk of colliding with a gas float member when moving into the processing zone 104. When the substrate 108 is to be moved back to the staging zone 102, the suction devices 306 can be retracted to lift the leading edge of the substrate 108. The suction devices 306 can remain engaged with the substrate 108 by vacuum until the substrate 108 contacts the end effector 124, at which time the suction devices 306 can disengage with the substrate 108 and the end effector 124 can remove the substrate from the apparatus 300 by retracting out of the enclosure 112.
[0040] Fig. 3B is an end elevation view of the processing system 300. As with the other embodiments herein, the processing system 300 has an enclosure 310, which encloses the staging zone 102 and the processing zone 104. Here, the radiation source 115 is supported, in the processing zone 104, by risers 314 that extend from the base structure 111, while the enclosure 310 is separately disposed on the floor. The risers 314 may be fixed to the base structure 111, or the risers 314 may be actuated to move the radiation source 115, for example by moving the risers 314 along rails (not shown) coupled to the base structure 111.
[0041] The suction devices 306 extend from the suction member 304, which is supported in turn from a cross member 312 coupled to the risers 314. The risers 314 are coupled to guides (not shown) disposed on the base structure 111 by riser actuators 316, which can be linear actuators of any suitable kind to move the risers 314 along the base structure 111 in the transport direction. In this case, a first riser 314A is located on a first side of the staging zone 102 in the transverse direction, coupled to a first guide (not shown) disposed on the base structure 111, and a second riser 314B is located on a second side of the staging zone 102 in the transverse direction, opposite from the first side, and is coupled to a second guide (not shown) disposed on the base structure 111. The first and second guides are obscured here by the riser actuators 316. The first riser 314A may be a first plurality of risers 314 and the second riser 314B may be a second plurality of risers 314. The first riser 314A is located near an edge of the base structure 111, between the edge of the base structure 111 and the substrate holder 114. Thus, in this case, the base structure 111 provides, or is coupled to, two guide structures, the guide 118 for the substrate holder 114 and the guides for the risers 314.
[0042] The suction member 304 is supported from the cross member 312 by one or more lift actuators 318 that operate to move the suction member 304 closer to, or further from, the substrate 108 to engage and disengage the suction devices 306 with the substrate 108. As the lift actuators 318 move the suction member 304 closer to the substrate, end cups 320 of the suction devices 306 come into contact with the substrate 108. Vacuum can be applied to the end cups 320 using fluid conduits provided in the suction devices 306, the suction member 304, and / or the cross member 312, or separate fluid conduits, such as hoses, can apply vacuum at the end cups 320. Upon contact with the substrate 108, vacuum applied at the end cups 320 attaches the end cups 320 to the substrate 108. The lift actuators 318 can then be operated to lift the portion of the substrate 108 (here the leading edge in the transport direction) .
[0043] The lifting means 130 of the processing system 300 can be substantially enclosed by a housing 322. The housing 322 can be provided to control any particles or other impurities that may arise from operation of the suction apparatus of the lifting means 130 of the processing system 300, including the riser actuators 316, the risers 314, the cross member 312, the lift actuators 318, the suction member 304, and the suction devices 306. Openings 324 can be provided in a facing surface 326 of the housing 322 that faces the gas float support 106 to provide access for the end cups 320 of the suction devices 306 to be extended out of the housing 322 to make contact with the substrate 108. When the suction devices 306 are not contacted with the substrate 108, the suction devices 306 can be retracted entirely within the housing 322. The housing 322 can be exhausted using a blowing device to push gas through an interior of the housing 322 or using a vacuum device to pull gas through the interior of the housing 322. A flow path for the gas into the housing 322 can include the openings 324 and any other suitable openings, inlets and outlets (not shown) .
[0044] As in other embodiments herein, the number of suction devices 306 used to engage with and lift the substrate edge can vary. Any suitable number of such suction devices 306, depending on size and stiffness of the substrate 108, can be used. Also, as noted above, in some embodiments, the lifting means 130, here the suction apparatus comprising the suction devices 306, the suction member 304, the cross member 312, the lift actuators 318, and the riser actuators 316, and optionally the housing 322, can be used to position the substrate 108 for processing, such that the substrate holder 114 and guide 118 can be omitted. In such cases, the riser actuators 316 can be a movement means, along with the rest of the suction apparatus, can be a movement means in addition to a lifting means, for the processing system 300.
[0045] The processing systems described herein mitigate any potential for substrate collisions when using a discontinuous gas float support for the substrate in a processing system. When a substrate is moved along a discontinuous gas float support, and when an edge of the substrate approaches an edge of a gas float member of the gas float support, a lifting means can temporarily lift the leading edge of the substrate as the leading edge approaches the edge of the gas float member to avoid collision of the leading edge of the substrate with the edge of the gas float member. The lifting can be done by force applied above or below the substrate, to a back side of the substrate, as in the rollers 129 or the gas float members 201, or to a front side of the substrate as in the suction devicea 306. Use of the lifting means in this way removes a processing risk associated with moving sheet-like substrates along a discontinuous gas float support.
[0046] While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of one or more inventions, other embodiments of such inventions not specifically described in the present disclosure may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, which is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims
1.A substrate processing system, comprising:a staging zone with a discontinuous gas float substrate support;a processing zone coupled to the staging zone, the processing zone having a gas float substrate support;movement means for moving a substrate between the staging zone and the processing zone; andlifting means for lifting an leading edge of a substrate during movement between the staging zone and the processing zone.2.The substrate processing system of claim 1, wherein the discontinuous gas float substrate support comprises a plurality of substantially parallel, elongated gas float members, each gas float member having a gas float surface with openings for flowing gas to form a gas cushion at the gas float surface, the plurality of gas float members defining a plurality of gaps between neighboring gas float components.3.The substrate processing system of claim 2, wherein the processing system has a transport direction, in which a substrate moves during processing, and a transverse direction transverse to the substrate transport direction, in which the substrate moves during input and output of the substrate, and the gas float components extend in the transverse direction.4.The substrate processing system of claim 3, wherein the movement means is a vacuum gripper that contacts an edge of the substrate and attaches to the substrate using vacuum.5.The substrate processing system of claim 3, wherein the lifting means is a plurality of passive rollers attached to the gas float members and protruding beyond the gas float surface.6.The substrate processing system of claim 3, wherein the lifting means is configured to apply a lifting force to a back side of the substrate.7.The substrate processing system of claim 3, wherein the lifting means is configured to apply a lifting force to a front side of the substrate.8.The substrate processing system of claim 3, wherein the lifting means comprises a plurality of suction devices configured to contact a front side of the substrate.9.The substrate processing system of claim 1, wherein the lifting means is a suction apparatus configured to apply lifting force to a front side of the substrate, the suction apparatus comprising a plurality of suction devices supported by risers coupled to riser actuators, and the riser actuators are the movement means for moving the substrate.10.The substrate processing system of claim 3, wherein the plurality of gas float members is a first plurality of gas float members, and the lifting means is a second plurality of gas float members oriented transverse to the first plurality of gas float members.11.A method of processing a substrate, comprising:supporting a substrate on a discontinuous gas float support in a staging zone of a processing apparatus;moving the substrate from the staging zone to a processing zone;processing the substrate in the processing zone;moving the substrate from the processing zone to the discontinuous gas float support of the staging zone; andwhile moving the substrate from the processing zone to the staging zone, lifting a leading edge of the substrate to avoid collision between the leading edge of the substrate and a gas float member of the gas float support.12.The method of claim 11, wherein lifting the leading edge of the substrate comprises applying a lifting force to the back side or the front side of the substrate.13.The method of claim 12, wherein lifting the leading edge of the substrate comprises applying a lifting force to the back side of the substrate by contacting the substrate with a roller.14.The method of claim 11, wherein moving the substrate from the staging zone to the processing zone, and moving the substrate from the processing zone to the staging zone comprises attaching a substrate holder to the substrate using vacuum.15.The method of claim 11, wherein lifting the leading edge of the substrate comprises applying a lifting force to the front side of the substrate.16.The method of claim 11, wherein supporting the substrate on a gas float support comprises supporting the substrate on a gas float support in the staging zone and supporting the substrate on a different gas float support in the processing zone.17.The method of claim 13, wherein the roller is actuated to extend and retract.18.The method of claim 17, wherein the discontinuous gas float support of the staging zone defines a plurality of gaps, and further comprising passing the fingers of an end effector through the gaps to deposit or retrieve a substrate at the staging zone.19.A substrate processing system, comprising:a staging zone with a discontinuous gas float substrate support;a processing zone coupled to the staging zone, the processing zone having a gas float substrate support;movement means for moving a substrate between the staging zone and the processing zone; anda roller assembly for lifting an leading edge of a substrate during movement between the staging zone and the processing zone.20.The substrate processing system of claim 19, wherein the discontinuous gas float substrate support defines a plurality of gaps for allowing the fingers of a substrate handler to pass through the gaps to deposit and retrieve substrate at the staging zone, and wherein the roller assembly comprises a plurality of rollers that are actuated to extend into the gaps and retract away from the gaps.