Magnetic induction electric generator and its method of operation

Abstract

The present invention concerns an electrical generator (1 ) comprising: a first body (11 ) capable of generating a magnetic field which extends along a main direction parallel to a first axis (Y), having a first and a second magnetic pole; a second body (12) capable of generating a magnetic field, which extends along a main direction parallel to said first axis (Y), arranged parallel with respect to said body (11 ) and having a third and a fourth magnet pole, such that said third magnetic pole is arranged in correspondence with said first magnetic pole of said body (11 ) and said fourth pole is arranged in correspondence with to said second pole; at least a first ferromagnetic element (21 ), which, in a rest configuration, extends substantially perpendicular to said first axis (Y) and is arranged between said first (11 ) and second (12) body; an axis of rotation (5), perpendicular to said first axis (Y), around which axis of rotation (5), in an operational configuration, said at least one first ferromagnetic element (21 ) is able to rotate; at least a first segment of support (31 ), which is arranged between said first pole of said first body (11 ) and third pole of said second body (12) or between said second and fourth pole; at least one electrical conductor (3) arranged wrapped around said at least a first segment of support (31 ); a frame (20) configured to anchor said at least a first ferromagnetic element (21 ) and to connect to a plurality of ferromagnetic elements (41, 42, 43, 44) arranged between said at least a first segment of support (31 ) and the respective magnetic poles of said first (11 ) and second (12) body, wherein said frame (20) rotates around said axis of rotation (5), integral to the rotation of said at least a first ferromagnetic element (21 ) and said plurality of ferromagnetic elements. The present invention also concerns an operating method of the generator (1 ).

Description

[0001] MAGNETIC INDUCTION ELECTRIC GENERATOR AND ITS METHOD OF OPERATION

[0002] *****

[0003] The present invention concerns an electric generator, in particular a magnetic induction generator.

[0004] Field of invention

[0005] In more detail, the invention concerns an electromagnetic device of the aforementioned type comprising an electric coil, designed and created in particular to supply electricity starting from a magnetic field generated by magnets and without the need to produce a relative movement of the magnets with respect to the electrical windings, usable in contexts where a reduced size of the generator is required, but which can be used for any application for which the generation of electricity is necessary.

[0006] In the following the description will be aimed at the field of wind energy but it is clear that it should not be considered limited to this specific use.

[0007] Prior art

[0008] As is well known, in electric machines, the stator can be made up of permanent magnets, mainly used in direct current motors or generators, or include electrical windings. This second configuration is typically used, for example, in systems that comprise alternating current motors, in brushless motors, and in stepper motors, where the stator comprises steel and silicon alloy laminations having a variable thickness, or from solid steel and insulated from each other.

[0009] As is known, among the types listed above, brushless motors (similarly generators) are equipped with electronic structures with phase change that allow high rotation speeds to be reached, for example, up to 10,000 rpm. In addition to the high rotation speed, brushless motors also have the advantages of being equipped with low rotor inertia, low electromagnetic interference, and not requiring maintenance of the brushes, since the latter are not present. In this sense, brushless motors are to be considered the preferred motors for various applications, among which high precision and high performance applications are listed.

[0010] Usually, the construction of such motors requires the presence of a stator and a rotor, generally ring-shaped to maximize electrical power.

[0011] However, complex and heavy structures are not convenient for types of applications where the dimensions of the motor are comparable to those of the device to be powered, or where the weight can affect the performance of the device itself, for example, in the case of wind generators or micromotors.

[0012] The need to provide an electric generator capable of overcoming the problems listed above appears clear.

[0013] Also evident is the need to provide an efficient, lightweight and low-cost generator in order to make said generator usable in contexts where high electrical efficiency is required, for example, in use in the field of wind energy.

[0014] Purpose of the invention

[0015] In light of the above, it is, therefore, the aim of the present invention to provide a magnetic induction electric generator equipped with a rotor comprising magnets and electrical windings arranged in such a way as to remain stationary, and also equipped with ferromagnetic elements capable of move with respect to said windings.

[0016] Another object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic device equipped with ferromagnetic elements, for example ferrite, in which the electrical windings are decoupled from the rotor of the device itself.

[0017] Another object of the invention is to provide a generator equipped with magnets and electric windings and having a variable magnetic field, both in intensity and direction, capable of generating electrical energy without the need to produce a relative movement between said magnets and said windings.

[0018] Object of the invention

[0019] These and other results are obtained according to the invention by means of a magnetic induction electric generator.

[0020] Therefore, the specific object of the present invention is a generator as defined in claim 1 .

[0021] Preferred embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.

[0022] Brief description of the figures

[0023] The present invention will be now described, for illustrative but not limitative purposes, according to its preferred embodiments, with particular reference to the figures of the enclosed drawings, wherein: figure 1 shows, in section, an embodiment of the generator object of the present invention; figure 2 shows, in section, an embodiment of the generator, different from the embodiment shown in figure 1 ; figure 3 shows a side view of the generator in one of its operational phases; figure 4 shows, in section, an embodiment of the generator having a first beam, arranged between a first and a second permanent magnet, object of the present invention; figure 5 shows, in section, an embodiment of the generator comprising a frame having, in turn, a rotational portion and an anchoring portion; figures 6A and 6B show respectively a perspective view and a side view of an embodiment of the generator object of the present invention; figure 6C shows a top view of a section of the generator of figures 6A and 6B; figures 7A, 7B, and 7C show respectively a perspective view, a side view, and a sectional view from above of an embodiment of the generator object of the present invention; figures 8A, 8B, and 8C show respectively a perspective view, a side view, and a sectional view from above of an embodiment of the generator object of the present invention; figures 9A, 9B, and 9C show respectively a perspective view, a side view, and a sectional view from above of an embodiment of the generator object of the present invention; and figures 10A and 10B show respectively a perspective view and a side view of an embodiment of the generator object of the present invention;

[0024] Detailed description

[0025] In the various figures, similar parts will be indicated with the same reference numbers.

[0026] Referring to figure 1 , an electrical energy generator 1 comprises a pair of permanent magnets 11 and 12 extending in a main direction along a first Y axis and arranged parallel to each other, a first 21 and a second 22 ferromagnetic element, which, in a rest configuration, extend substantially perpendicular to said first Y axis and are capable of rotating around a rotation axis 5. The rotation axis 5 is perpendicular to said first Y axis, therefore, said first 21 and second 22 ferromagnetic elements, during their rotation, are able to arrange themselves parallel to said first 11 and second 12 permanent magnet, to form a closed circuit in combination with said pair of magnets. The generator 1 also comprises at least one electric conductor 3 arranged wrapped around a first support segment 31 , which is placed between the first 11 and the second 12 magnet of said pair of permanent magnets.

[0027] Again referring to figure 1 , the generator 1 comprises a frame 20, which connects said first 21 and second 22 ferromagnetic elements. Furthermore, said frame 20 connects the ferromagnetic elements with further ferromagnetic elements, for example ferrite bars, interposed between said first support segment 31 and a second support segment 32 and said first 11 and second 12 permanent magnets.

[0028] In particular, said frame 20 connects respectively said first ferromagnetic element 21 , with a first 41 and a fourth 44 bar, and said second ferromagnetic element 22, with a second 42 and a third 43 bar, and favors the rotation of said ferromagnetic elements around said rotation axis 5. Further details relating to the frame 20 and alternative forms of embodiment thereof will be given in the following.

[0029] A first 11 and a second 12 permanent magnet form said pair of permanent magnets and can be linear, semicircular or have a horseshoe or “U” shape. Said first permanent magnet 11 is arranged in a mirror image with respect to said second permanent magnet 12, such that the north pole of the first magnet 11 faces towards the south pole of the second magnet 12, and vice versa.

[0030] In some embodiments, the predominant length of each magnet is less than the distance between one magnet and another.

[0031] According to some embodiments, the generator can be equipped with electrical windings 31 , or coils, wrapped around one or more magnets of the generator itself, one or more support segments and / or one or more ferromagnetic elements.

[0032] From figure 1 the presence of a winding 3 around the first support segment 31 can be seen.

[0033] According to some embodiments, a plurality of electrical conductors 3 can be wrapped around a plurality of support segments, for example, around a first 31 and a second 32 support segment respectively.

[0034] In particular, said first segment 31 can be arranged between said first 11 and second 12 magnets, in such a way that the S pole of said first support segment 31 faces the N pole of the first magnet 11 and the N pole of said first support segment support 31 faces the S pole of the second magnet 12.

[0035] Similarly, said second support segment 32 can be arranged between said first 11 and second 12 magnets, in such a way that the N pole of said second support segment 32 faces the S pole of the first magnet 11 and the S pole of said second segment 32 faces the N pole of the second magnet 12.

[0036] According to some embodiments, the first 31 and / or the second 32 support segment can be made of non-ferromagnetic material, for example, carbon fiber.

[0037] According to some embodiments, the first support segment 31 and / or the second 32 may comprise a ferromagnetic element.

[0038] According to some embodiments, the presence of a ferromagnetic element and the sizing of the magnets 11 and 12 can allow the first 31 and the second 32 support segments to be arranged between said first 11 and second 12 permanent magnets without the need for a support element connection between said permanent magnets and said first 31 and second 32 support segments.

[0039] Referring to figure 2, a first ferromagnetic element 21 is shown in an operational configuration, in which said first ferromagnetic element 21 is rotating around the first rotation axis 5, in which said first ferromagnetic element 21 is arranged between said first 11 and second magnet 12, in proximity to said first magnet 11 , and is shown while it is parallel to the first Y axis.

[0040] Still in figure 2, a second ferromagnetic element 22 is shown in an operational configuration, in which said second ferromagnetic element 22 is rotating around the first rotation axis 5, is arranged between the first 11 and second 12 magnet, in proximity to said second magnet 12, and is shown as being parallel to the first Y axis.

[0041] Figure 2 also shows a first pair of two ferrite bars 41 and 44, for example, interposed between the first support segment 31 , which can be ferromagnetic and the respective magnetic poles of the first permanent magnet 11 and a second pair of bars in ferrite 42, 43, interposed between said first support segment 31 , and the respective magnetic poles of the second permanent magnet 12, in which said pairs of ferromagnetic elements are able to rotate around the rotation axis 5, which is integral with the rotation of said at least a first ferromagnetic element 21 .

[0042] Additional ferromagnetic elements can be used to replace ferrite rods 41 , 42, 43, and 44.

[0043] With reference to figure 3, a lateral view of the generator is shown in one of its operational phases, in which the lateral profile of the first permanent magnet 11 , the first ferromagnetic element 21 and a pair of bars 41 and 44 are seen from the outside, in relative rotation around an axis of rotation coinciding with the center of the permanent magnet 11 . Similarly, a second pair of ferrite bars 42 and 43, or a plurality of ferromagnetic elements arranged in the vicinity of the second permanent magnet 12 (not shown in figure 3) can rotate around the rotation axis 5 due to the attraction and repulsion forces with said second magnet and said second ferromagnetic element 22.

[0044] According to some embodiments, said first support segment 31 is arranged on, or around, a portion of a first beam 310, which is arranged, in turn, between said first 11 and second 12 permanent magnets.

[0045] Similarly, as can be seen from figures 4 and 5, the second support segment 32 is arranged on, or around, a portion of a second beam 320, which is arranged, in turn, between said first 11 and second 12 permanent magnet.

[0046] Said first 310 and second 320 beams can be made of non-ferromagnetic material, for example, carbon fiber. Other materials not subject to the magnetic field can be used as beams.

[0047] Referring now to figure 5, the frame 20 comprises a rotational portion 200, for example, coinciding with the rotation axis 5, and an anchoring portion. In particular, said rotational portion 200 is capable of rotating. The anchoring portion, which, in the example in figure 5, is perpendicular to the rotational portion 200, to which it is connected, rotates in its turn.

[0048] Furthermore, the anchoring portion 201 or 202 can comprise one or more beams, for example, two beams, or four beams 20T, 201 ", 202' and 202", as shown in figure 5 for anchoring a plurality of ferrite bars 41 , 42, 43 and 44.

[0049] The presence of the beams 310 and / or 320 reduces the risk that external interferences may modify the field to which the winding 3 of the electrical conductor is subject to and, consequently, guarantees stability to said first 31 and / or second 32 support segments.

[0050] Furthermore, the presence of the beams 310 and / or 320 guarantees mechanical stability to the generator, avoiding possible movements of the first 31 and / or second 32 support segments and / or the unwanted approach of the two magnets.

[0051] Referring to figure 5, the beams 310 and 320 are arranged at a distance from the rotation axis 5 greater respectively than a first anchoring portion 201 ' or 202' and a second anchoring portion 201 " or 202" of the frame. This positioning of the beams allows an undisturbed rotation of the frame 20 around the rotation axis 5, around which said first 21 and second 22 ferromagnetic elements, which are connected to the frame 20, are able to rotate in response to the magnetic field of said pair of magnets.

[0052] In some embodiments, only a first ferromagnetic element 21 is present in the generator and the frame 20 can be joined to a pair of ferromagnetic bars or a plurality of bars, for example, four bars, which connect to the center of the frame 20 or at a plurality of points of a rotational portion 200 of the frame 20.

[0053] According to a preferred embodiment, said rotational portion 200 coincides with the rotation axis 5.

[0054] According to some embodiments, the rotation axis 5 of two or more ferromagnetic elements, in addition to being shared between said ferromagnetic elements, can be telescopic, i.e. arranged along the same direction and configured to modify the distance between said two or more ferromagnetic elements.

[0055] In particular, said rotational portion 200 can be constituted by a hollow external element and an internal element slidably connected with said external element, in such a way as to vary the length of said rotational portion 200.

[0056] In this way, the two or more ferromagnetic elements, for example, indicated by the reference numbers 21 and 22, can be brought closer and / or further apart, to modify the shape and intensity of the magnetic field produced.

[0057] In some examples, the generator 1 is configured to favor the rotation of the magnets in the opposite direction with respect to the rotation direction of the ferromagnetic elements 21 and 22 around the rotation axis 5. Therefore, both the ferromagnetic elements 21 and 22 and the permanent magnets 11 and 12 can rotate around said rotation axis 5.

[0058] In some examples of the present invention, there may be one or more pairs of ferromagnetic elements arranged along a plane, in which there is also a pair of magnets, and at least one further pair of ferromagnetic elements arranged perpendicular to said plane. The arrangement of said at least one further pair of ferromagnetic elements can change during the operation of the generator, given that said pair is able to rotate while the magnets remain stationary.

[0059] According to some embodiments, the magnets may be arranged in a removable configuration, such that the relative distance between at least one pair of magnets can be changed.

[0060] In this way, by modifying the distance between said at least one pair of magnets, it is possible to obtain a technical effect similar to that of modifying the distance between the ferromagnetic elements. In fact, changing the distance between the magnets can cause changes in the intensity and / or shape of the magnetic field.

[0061] Therefore, the possibility of regulating the magnetic field by varying the relative position between the ferromagnetic elements and varying the relative position of the magnets offers greater flexibility compared to generators in which the position of the magnets alone is able to modify the magnetic field itself.

[0062] In this way, the device is configured to optimize the electricity production. For example, when using said generator inside a wind turbine, it is convenient to arrange the ferromagnetic elements at a predefined distance depending on the wind intensity, or the kinetic energy produced by the wind, at the moment the turbine starts and modify this distance according to the variation in wind intensity.

[0063] Although other causes may intervene, the energy produced depends on the number of electrical windings, the rotation speed of the blades around their axis of rotation and the intensity of the magnetic field, which, as the intensity increases, increases the braking power with respect to the blades. Therefore, the correct balance of these components allows optimization of energy production.

[0064] Furthermore, the number of windings 3 around the support segment determines the stability of the electric generator. In fact, a high number of windings reduces the vibrations of the motor shaft, due to the attenuation that the windings themselves produce in the transition between a magnetic field of one electric phase to a magnetic field of the subsequent electric phase.

[0065] Therefore, once the number of windings has been defined, sufficient to guarantee the desired stability of the generator and at the same time such as to maintain a sufficiently low weight and / or size so as not to slow down the rotation around the axis of rotation of the rotor, for example the rotation of the blades of a wind turbine, the optimization of the generator can be determined by the compromise between the rotation speed of the rotor and the intensity of the magnetic field. The latter can be modified through the variable configuration of the pairs of ferromagnetic elements.

[0066] Referring to figures 6a, 6b, and 6c, an embodiment of the generator is shown, in which a coupling is provided in which a first gear 61 works against a second gear 62 with which it comes into contact (the two gears touch), and has two large permanent magnets 11 , 12, having the shape of a horseshoe, i.e. a “U” shape, and arranged in such a way that the main direction of each of them is parallel to the first Y axis. In particular, the central portion of said first and second permanent magnets 11 and 12 is arranged parallel to the first Y axis, while the terminations of each magnet are facing the other magnet. In particular, the arrangement of said permanent magnets 11 , 12 provides that the north pole of the first magnet 11 N is facing the south pole of the second magnet 12s, as shown in figure 6b.

[0067] With reference to figures 6a and 6b, the generator has two pairs of large ferrites, in which each pair forms a corresponding magnet 11 , 12. Furthermore, the generator includes four ferrites 41 , 42, 43, 44 of smaller dimensions than the first.

[0068] In some embodiments, eight small ferrites are arranged such that the first four ferrites 41 , 42, 43, 44 are arranged at the ends of two anchoring portions 201 and 202, while the remaining four are arranged at the ends of two further anchoring portions (not shown in figure 6b) respectively perpendicular to the first 201 and the second 202 anchoring portion.

[0069] A first element 21 ', preferably ferromagnetic, is able to rotate around the rotation axis 5 in such a way that, in a rest configuration, it extends substantially perpendicular to the first Y axis and is positioned between the two magnets.

[0070] The number of such elements may vary. In fact, in some embodiments there are two elements 21 'a, 21 'b, perpendicular to each other in a portion near the first magnet 11 and two elements 22'a, 22'b, perpendicular to each other in a portion near the of the first second 12.

[0071] In some embodiments, the number for each portion may vary, such as four, or six elements. Preferably, these elements are protrusions that protrude from said shaft 200, arranged around the shaft 200, and equally spaced from each other, i.e. arranged like a beam around said shaft 200.

[0072] Figure 6b shows four ferromagnetic elements 41 , 42, 43, 44 interposed between a first support segment 31 and the respective magnetic poles of the two permanent magnets 11 , 12.

[0073] Since the embodiment shown in figure 6b also presents a second support segment 32 downstream of the generator in an intermediate position thereof, in correspondence with the first support segment 31 , the four ferromagnetic elements 41 , 42, 43, 44 are interposed also between the second support segment 32 and the respective magnetic poles of the two permanent magnets 11 , 12. As can be seen from figure 6b, the rotational portion 200 of the frame 20 is a rotation shaft that extends along the second axis ).

[0074] Note that since the four ferromagnetic elements rotate integral with the rotational shaft 200, when a first ferromagnetic element 41 is interposed between the first segment 31 and the pole 11 N of the first magnet 11 , a second ferromagnetic element 42 will be placed between the first segment 31 and the pole 12N of the second magnet 12.

[0075] The four ferromagnetic elements 41 , 42, 43, 44 of the embodiment shown in figure 6b have smaller dimensions than the dimensions of the two permanent magnets 11 , 12.

[0076] Referring to figures 7a, 7b, and 7c, an embodiment of the generator is shown, in which two belts 71 , 72 activate the rotation of pulleys and / or gears, 63, 64, and 65, 66 respectively.

[0077] Furthermore, some embodiments provide for the presence of a coil 110, 120 around a respective magnet 11 , 12, so that when the generator circuit opens and closes, these coils are excited in such a way as to increase the total efficiency of the generator.

[0078] In particular, said increase in efficiency is caused every time the circuits of the two main magnets are opened and closed since the current passing through the additional coils 110 and / or 120 increases.

[0079] The presence of two belts 71 , 72 has the advantage of having a more balanced system compared to the system equipped with a single gear 61 , or a pair of gears 61 , 62 arranged near a magnet, for example the second magnet 12.

[0080] Some embodiments provide for the presence of a crank 8 operationally connected to a second rotation shaft 200' to activate the rotation of the pulleys 63, 65, and consequently rotate the pulleys 64, 66 integral with the first rotation shaft 200.

[0081] Referring to figures 8a, 8b, and 8c, an embodiment of the generator is shown which has large 11 F, 12F ferrite elements arranged at the two ends of the generator.

[0082] These ferrite elements 11 F, 12F arranged at the ends, in combination with smaller sized magnets 110U, 110B, 120U, 120B, essentially replace the permanent magnets 11 , 12 producing a similar effect. In fact, a similar but less intense effect is obtained using two ferrite rods in the vicinity of a first and second pole, and a third and fourth pole respectively. In particular, the magnet 110U is interposed between the upper portion of a first ferrite element 11 F and the first belt 71 , while the magnet 12011 is interposed between the upper portion of a second ferrite element 12F and the second belt 72.

[0083] Similarly, the lower magnets 110B and 120B are respectively interposed between the lower portion of each ferrite element 11 F, 12F and the respective belt 71 , 72.

[0084] Therefore, the elements 11 F, 11 OU and 11 OB are able to perform the same function as the first permanent magnet 11 , while the elements 12F, 120U, and 120B the function of the second permanent magnet 12, according to other embodiments.

[0085] With reference to figure 8b, in some embodiments, the intensity of the magnetic field, under the same external conditions, is lower than that of a generator according to the embodiments that include two permanent magnets, since the magnetic poles tend to attract the ferromagnetic rods, which, however, are integral with the rotating shaft 200 and cannot translate along said shaft. Therefore, ferromagnetic rods can essentially perform the same function as permanent magnets 11 , 12, except for the intensity of the magnetic field produced.

[0086] The length of said rods is comparable to the length of the plurality of ferromagnetic elements 41 , 42, 43, 44.

[0087] Referring to figures 9a, 9b, and 9c, an embodiment of the generator is shown, provided with a series of coils arranged around a plurality of ferrites.

[0088] Figure 9b shows two coils 311 a 3 311 b around two ferrites, which constitute the positive pole and the negative pole of a first field generating element that includes an rotating electric collector 11”.

[0089] Where present, the two coils 311a 3 311 b rotate around the rotating shaft 200.

[0090] This rotating electric collector 11” has internal components capable of rotating, in a similar way to the spheres of a ball bearing, two input cables and two output cables.

[0091] The input and output cables are preferably copper wires.

[0092] The input cables are able to rotate integral with the respective coils while the output cables do not rotate. The rotating electric collector 11” prevents the coil cables from becoming tangled during their rotation. The rotating supports that connect to the gears and belt include one or more ball and bearings 9 that couple to the supports 51 , 52. Said supports 51 , 52 are preferably columns with a hole or having a profile complementary to the bearings 9.

[0093] Two pairs of ball bearings 9 can be supported in further ways, without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0094] Referring to figures 10A and 10B, an embodiment of the generator is shown equipped with 3 pairs of disks 630 / 630', 634 / 634', 650 / 650', which rotate around the 200” rotating support and have no relative movement each other, thanks to the use of three pairs of ball bearings 9 that separate each pair of discs.

[0095] To increase the relative speed between the disks, some embodiments provide a central coil 3', which wraps a rod which connects the two central disks 630, 630', and two belts 71 , 72, which move the ferrites in one direction while the discs 630, 634, 650, which couple respectively to the gears 640, 644, 660 (by contact) rotate in the opposite direction.

[0096] The operation of the generator 1 described above is as follows.

[0097] When the generator is in the rest phase, i.e. before its starting, at least one ferromagnetic element 21 is arranged perpendicular to the main dimension of said first 11 and second 12 permanent magnets.

[0098] A mechanical or electrical event triggers the rotation of the frame 20, to which said at least one ferromagnetic element 21 is connected. In fact, said generator can be connected to an electric actuator or mounted on a wind turbine.

[0099] Said mechanical or electrical event can be, for example, in the case of a wind turbine, the wind. In other applications, it may be an electric current from a low- intensity electric generator or a starter battery connected to generator 1 .

[0100] Therefore, rotating said frame around said rotation axis allows said at least one first ferromagnetic element 21 and said plurality of ferromagnetic elements to rotate around said rotation axis 5, and consequently produce electrical energy.

[0101] Said generator can also be connected to an energy accumulator and / or to a device that requires energy for its operation.

[0102] Therefore the electrical energy produced by the generator can be supplied to the device connected to it.

[0103] Advantages

[0104] An advantage of the present invention is to provide a magnetic induction electric generator equipped with magnets and static electric windings and also equipped with ferromagnetic elements capable of moving with respect to said windings.

[0105] A further advantage is given by a generator in which the electrical windings are mechanically decoupled from the rotor of the device.

[0106] Again with the generator according to the present invention, a variable magnetic field is obtained, both in intensity and direction, therefore capable of offering flexibility of use.

[0107] The present invention has been described for illustrative but not limitative purposes, according to its preferred embodiments, but it is to be understood that modifications and / or changes can be introduced by those skilled in the art without departing from the relevant scope as defined in the enclosed claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1 . Electrical generator (1 ) comprising: a first body (11 ) capable of generating a magnetic field which extends along a main direction parallel to a first axis (Y), having a first and a second magnetic pole; a second body (12) capable of generating a magnetic field, which extends along a main direction parallel to said first axis (Y), arranged parallel with respect to said first body (11 ) and having a third and a fourth magnet pole, such that said third magnetic pole is arranged in correspondence with said first magnetic pole of said first body (11 ) and said fourth pole is arranged in correspondence with to said second pole; at least a first ferromagnetic element (21 ), which, in a rest configuration, extends substantially perpendicular to said first axis (Y) and is arranged between said first (11 ) and second (12) body; an axis of rotation (5), perpendicular to said first axis (Y), around which axis of rotation (5), in an operational configuration, said at least one first ferromagnetic element (21 ) is able to rotate; at least a first segment of support (31 ), which is arranged between said first pole of said first body (11 ) and third pole of said second body (12) or between said second and fourth pole; at least one electrical conductor (3) arranged wrapped around said at least a first segment of support (31 ); a frame (20) configured to anchor said at least a first ferromagnetic element (21 ) and to connect to a plurality of ferromagnetic elements (41 , 42, 43, 44) arranged between said at least a first segment of support (31 ) and the respective magnetic poles of said first (11 ) and second (12) body, wherein said frame (20) rotates around said axis of rotation (5), integral to the rotation of said at least a first ferromagnetic element (21 ) and said plurality of ferromagnetic elements.

2. Generator (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that said first body (11 ) comprises a first permanent magnet (11 ) and / or said second body (12) comprises a second permanent magnet (12).

3. Generator (1 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that said first andfourth poles are north magnetic poles and said second and third are south magnetic poles.

4. Generator (1 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said at least a first segment of support (31 ) extends from a proximal end to a distal end, wherein said proximal end faces said first or second pole of said first magnet (11 ), and said distal end faces respectively said third or fourth pole of said second magnet (21 ).

5. Generator (1 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said at least one electrical conductor (3) is arranged between said proximal end and distal end of said at least a first segment of support (31 ).

6. Generator (1 ) according to any of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that said at least a first segment of support (31 ) is arranged on a first crossbeam (310), wherein said first crossbeam (310) extends from said first pole to said third pole or from said second pole to said fourth pole.

7. Generator (1 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said at least a first segment of support (31 ) comprises a first (31 ) and a second (32) segment of support and in that said generator comprises a second crossbeam (320), wherein said first segment of support (31 ) is arranged on said first crossbeam (310) and said second segment of support (32) is arranged on said second crossbeam (320).

8. Generator (1 ) according any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said frame (20) comprises a rotative portion (200) configured to connect said at least a first ferromagnetic element (21 ) and to rotate, and an anchoring portion (201 , 202) to anchor said plurality of ferromagnetic elements (41 , 42, 43, 44).

9. Generator (1 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said anchoring portion (201 , 202) is arranged substantially perpendicular to said rotative portion (200) and in that said anchoring portion comprises a first (20T, 202’) and a second (201 ”, 202”) beam to anchor each ferromagnetic element of saidplurality of ferromagnetic elements (41 , 42, 43, 44).

10. Generator (1 ) according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that said rotative portion (200) extends from the center of said first magnet (11 ) to the center of said second magnet (12).11 . Generator (1 ) according to any one of claims 8-10, further comprising a second shaft (200') capable of rotating around an axis parallel to said rotation axis (5).

12. Generator (1 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said second shaft (200') cooperates with said rotational portion (200) by means of at least one transmission belt (71 , 72) and a pair of gears or pulleys (61 , 62, 63, 64, 65, 66).

13. Generator (1 ) according to any one of claims 11 or 12, comprising a crank (8) configured to start the rotation of said second shaft (200') around its axis of rotation.

14. Generator (1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: said first body (11 ) comprises a first ferrite element (11 F) arranged along said main direction parallel to said first axis (Y), a first upper magnet (11 U) arranged near an upper end of said first ferrite element (11 F) and extending along a direction (X) perpendicular to said first axis (Y), and a first lower magnet (11 B) arranged near a lower end of said first ferrite element (11 F) and arranged parallel to said first upper magnet (11 U); and / or said second body (12) comprises a second ferrite element (12F) arranged along said main direction parallel to said first axis (Y), a second upper magnet (12U) arranged near an upper end of said second ferrite element (12F) and extending along said direction (X) perpendicular to said first axis (Y), and a second lower magnet (12B) arranged near a lower end of said second ferrite element (12F) and arranged parallel to said second upper magnet (12U).

15. Method of operation of a generator (1 ) according any one of claims 1 -14, comprising the following steps: rotating said frame (20) around said axis of rotation (5), such that said at least a first ferromagnetic element (21 ) and said plurality of ferromagnetic elements rotate around said axis of rotation (5); - generating electric power by means of said rotation; accumulating said power generated and / or using it to powering a device.

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