SADDLE-TYPE VEHICLE AND METHOD OF USING A SADDLE-TYPE VEHICLE

Abstract

The present invention relates to a saddle-type vehicle (1) comprising a frame, which defines a front-rear axis (X) and a bottom-top axis (Z) perpendicular to said front-rear axis (X); a first fuel tank (2) and a second fuel tank (3); and a fluidic line (6), which is interposed between said first fuel tank (2) and said second fuel tank (3).The saddle-type vehicle (1) further includes control means (15) configured to establish a fluidic connection through the fluidic line (6) between the first fuel tank (2) and the second fuel tank (3), so as to permit the passage of fuel (20) through the fluidic line (6) when the vehicle (1) is in an upright operating position, in which the bottom-up axis (Z) is parallel to a vertical direction (H); or to prevent the fluidic connection through the fluidic line (6) between the first and second fuel tanks (2; 3), so as to prevent the passage of fuel (20) through the fluidic line (6) when the vehicle (1) is in an inclined stopping position, in which the bottom-up axis (Z) is inclined with respect to the vertical direction (H). Figure for the abstract: Fig. 6.

Description

Title of the invention: SADDLE-TYPE VEHICLE AND METHOD OF USING A SADDLE-TYPE VEHICLE SADDLE Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a saddle-type vehicle comprising two fuel tanks and a method of using a saddle-type vehicle. TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND

[0002]

[0003] Saddle-type vehicles are known, including: a frame; a front wheel, which can be steered relative to the frame and which can rotate around its own first axis; a rear wheel, which is connected to the frame in a rotatable manner around its own second axis; a heat engine, which is used to propel the vehicle by providing the front and / or rear wheels with driving torque. In addition, saddle-type vehicles comprising: a side stand hinged to the frame; and foot plates or footrests.

[0004] Saddle-type vehicles are also known, comprising one rear wheel and two front wheels, or one front wheel and two rear wheels, or two front wheels and two rear wheels.

[0005] Furthermore, saddle-type vehicles having two front or rear wheels are also known, which are mounted in such a way as to be inclined relative to the frame.

[0006] Saddle-type vehicles can be configured in various ways, for example as motorcycles, scooters or mopeds.

[0007] Generally, saddle-type vehicles include: a third longitudinal axis, which is oblique to the first and second axes and directed parallel to a front-back direction; and a fourth axis, which is perpendicular to the third axis and directed parallel to a bottom-up direction.

[0008] Saddle type vehicles can be arranged in: an inclined stop position, in which the fourth axis is inclined relative to a vertical direction; or an upright operating position, in which the fourth axis is parallel to the vertical direction.

[0009] In the inclined stop position, the engine is stopped during a refueling operation, and is started during a preheating operation. At the same time, the side stand supports the saddle-type vehicle.

[0010] In the upright operating position, the engine is started, and the side stand allows the saddle-type vehicle to move freely.

[0011] Additionally, saddle-type vehicles include at least one tank for storing fuel to be burned in the engine, and a pump for pumping fuel from the tank to the engine.

[0012] In detail, saddle-type vehicles are known, comprising two fuel tanks, which are typically arranged symmetrically with respect to the third longitudinal axis of the vehicle, and extend at least partially under the saddle of the vehicle.

[0013] According to a known solution, the two fuel tanks are fluidically connected, and the pump is positioned on the fluid connection between the two tanks, so as to suck the fuel from both tanks.

[0014] In more detail, the pump is physically placed between the two tanks, under the saddle of the vehicle, and at a front part of the saddle, in the normal direction of travel of the vehicle.

[0015] For this reason, in known saddle-type vehicles, the saddle is typically configured with a distinguishable projection at its front portion, under which the pump is positioned.

[0016] The projection extends substantially along the fourth axis of the vehicle.

[0017] When the vehicle is in its upright operational position, the free surfaces of the fuel inside the two tanks are in an initial position.

[0018] In this condition, the free surfaces of the fuel are substantially parallel to the ground, and perpendicular to the fourth axis of the vehicle.

[0019] With specific reference to saddle-type vehicles designed for off-road use, the user typically straddles the vehicle while standing on the foot plates, in order to better control the vehicle.

[0020] In order to ensure safe overlapping conditions and vehicle stability, it is desirable to increase the driver's freedom of movement and lower the vehicle's center of gravity.

[0021] In detail, the previously described configuration of the saddle in off-road saddle-type vehicles may limit movements of the driver standing on the foot plates, due to the protrusion of the saddle.

[0022] Furthermore, the position of the pump and the corresponding protrusion of the saddle leads to a higher barycenter of the vehicle, which is to the detriment of the stability of the vehicle.

[0023] There is therefore a need in the industry to provide a saddle-type vehicle comprising two reservoirs and a pump, positioned in a manner to interfere as little as possible with the movements of the driver, to ensure safe driving conditions for the driver.

[0024] Furthermore, the two fuel tanks are each provided with a fuel filler hole, which is closed by means of a tank closing element, i.e. a fuel filler cap.

[0025] Furthermore, the fuel tanks are normally vented using known venting means, so as to prevent the development of a vacuum or excessive pressure, as a result of emptying or filling operations of the tanks, respectively.

[0026] These ventilation means generally consist of breather pipes, each having a first end positioned inside the respective tank, possibly above the free surface of the fuel, and a second end positioned outside the respective tank.

[0027] In this way, the breather pipes connect the air inside the tank and the air outside the tank.

[0028] Accordingly, in known saddle-type vehicles comprising at least two fuel tanks, the refueling operation may generate the risk of fuel overflow from the tanks.

[0029] In fact, when the vehicle is in the inclined stop position, it is possible to identify a higher tank and a lower tank among the two fuel tanks, and the free surfaces of the fuel inside the tanks are then no longer perpendicular to the fourth axis of the vehicle, but always parallel to the ground.

[0030] In detail, in this state, the free surfaces of the fuel inside the tanks are closer to the first ends of the breather pipes than in their initial position, and therefore, there is a risk that the fuel may leak out of the tanks.

[0031] When a certain amount of fuel has entered the higher fuel tank, it flows to the lower tank, due to gravity, through the fluid connection between the two tanks.

[0032] In case the lower fuel tank is already filled with fuel, its maximum permissible capacity may be exceeded, and some fuel may leak out of the lower tank, through its breather pipe, as a result of the free surfaces of the fuel inside the tank being closer to the respective first end of the breather pipe positioned inside the tank.

[0033] It is generally desirable to maximize the filling of the fuel tanks, so as to extend the autonomy of the vehicle, in particular with regard to a off-road use of the vehicle.

[0034] However, since during refueling operations, the insertion of fuel into the higher tank corresponds to the flow of fuel to the lower tank, the filling of the higher tank may be limited by the risk of overflow from the lower tank, and the resulting dispersion of fuel into the environment through the breather pipe.

[0035] In this condition, the filling of the tanks may not be optimal, thus deteriorating the performance of the vehicle.

[0036] Furthermore, fuel overflow from the tanks may occur not only during refueling operations, but whenever the vehicle is in the inclined stop position, for example during vehicle preheating operations or when the vehicle is parked.

[0037] Therefore, there is a need in the industry to prevent fuel overflow from both tanks when the vehicle is in the inclined parking position, while ensuring an optimum filling level of both fuel tanks. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0038] It is an object of the present invention to provide a saddle-type vehicle, making it possible to satisfy at least one of the needs mentioned above in a simple and economical manner.

[0039] This object is achieved by means of a saddle-type vehicle. Said saddle-type vehicle comprises a frame, which defines a front-rear axis and a bottom-top axis perpendicular to said front-rear axis; a first fuel tank and a second fuel tank; and a fluid line, which is interposed between said first fuel tank and said second fuel tank; characterized in that it further comprises control means configured to: establish a fluid connection through said fluid line between said first fuel tank and said second fuel tank, so as to allow the passage of a fuel through said fluid line when, in use, said vehicle is in an upright operational position, in which said bottom-top axis is parallel to a vertical direction;or preventing fluid connection through said fluid line between said first and second fuel tanks, so as to prevent passage of said fuel through said fluid line when, in use, said vehicle is in an inclined stop position, in which said down-up axis is inclined relative to said vertical direction. ;

[0040] Said saddle-type vehicle can further be improved according to different advantageous embodiments.

[0041] According to one embodiment, said control means may comprise a valve, which is positioned on said fluid line; said valve being operable to assume: an open configuration in which it allows, in use, the passage of said fuel through said fluid line, when said vehicle is in said upright operational position; or a closed configuration, in which it prevents, in use, the passage of said fuel through said fluid line, when said vehicle is in said inclined stop position.

[0042] According to one embodiment, said valve may be a valve that can be electrically actuated, in particular a solenoid valve.

[0043] According to one embodiment, said saddle-type vehicle may further comprise an engine, which may be controlled to assume an on state or a off state; characterized in that said control means may further comprise: a plurality of sensors, which are used to collect at least one first data item concerning the state of said engine and at least one second data item concerning the inclination of said down-up axis relative to said vertical direction; and a control unit, which is programmed to receive, in use, at least said first and second data items, and to instruct said valve to assume said open configuration or said closed configuration based on said first and second data items.

[0044] According to one embodiment, said saddle-type vehicle may further comprise an ignition switch for instructing said engine to assume said started state or said stopped state; and a side stand, which may be selectively adjusted into an activated configuration, in which it supports, in use, said vehicle in said inclined stop position, or into a deactivated configuration, in which it leaves free, in use, the movement of said vehicle into said upright operating position; characterized in that said sensors may respectively collect said first data from said ignition switch and said second data from said side stand.

[0045] According to one embodiment, said inclined stop position may correspond, in use, to at least one operation of refueling said vehicle or to an operation of preheating said vehicle; said engine being, in use, in said stopped state and said side stand being, in use, in said activated configuration when said vehicle is, in use, in said refueling operation; said engine being, in use, in said started state and said side stand being, in use, in said activated configuration when said vehicle is, in use, in said preheating operation; said engine being, in use, in said started state and said side stand being, in use, in said deactivated configuration when said vehicle is, in use, in said upright operational position; said valve being adjusted, in use lisation, in said closed configuration when said vehicle is, in use, in said refueling operation or in said preheating operation; said valve being set, in use, in said open configuration when said vehicle is, in use, in said right operational opposition.

[0046] According to one embodiment, said valve may be a one-way valve, controllable on the basis of a pressure difference between two cross-sections of said fluid line; said two cross-sections being arranged on opposite extents of said fluid line with respect to said valve; a first of said cross-sections being in fluid communication with said first fuel tank, and the other of said cross-sections being in fluid communication with said second fuel tank; said valve being in said open configuration when said pressure difference is less than a threshold value, and being in said closed configuration when said pressure difference is greater than said threshold value.

[0047] According to one embodiment, said saddle-type vehicle may further comprise a connection line, which establishes an additional permanent fluid connection between said first and second fuel tanks; said connection line comprising a first end and a second end, which are positioned inside the first and second fuel tanks, respectively; said connection line being adapted to discharge into said second fuel tank the fuel overflowing from said first fuel tank; and means for venting said second fuel tank, being adapted to directly ventilate said second fuel tank and said first fuel tank via said connection line;said first and second ends being positioned, in use, above said free surfaces of said fuel within the respective first and second tanks at least when, in use, said vehicle is in said upright operational position.;

[0048] According to one embodiment, said saddle-type vehicle may further comprise a saddle; and a single pump; said first and second tanks being arranged respectively on a first and a second side, opposite to each other with respect to said front-rear axis, said single pump being arranged inside one of said first and second fuel tanks and under said saddle; said side stand being operatively connected to said first side of said vehicle.

[0049] According to one embodiment, said single pump may be arranged on said first side.

[0050] According to one embodiment, said single pump may be arranged on said second side.

[0051] This aim is also achieved by means of a saddle-type vehicle. comprising a first and a second fuel tank; a saddle; a single pump; and a fluid line, which extends between said first and second fuel tanks from one to the other; characterized in that said single pump is arranged within one of said first and second fuel tanks along said fluid line and under said saddle.

[0052] Said saddle-type vehicle can further be improved according to different advantageous embodiments.

[0053] According to one embodiment, said first and second fuel tanks may be arranged on said vehicle in a symmetrical manner relative to a front-rear axis of said vehicle.

[0054] According to one embodiment, said first and second fuel tanks may each comprise at least one respective filler cap, and said saddle may be arranged under said at least one filler cap relative to a bottom-top axis of said vehicle.

[0055] According to one embodiment, said pump and said saddle can be offset along an additional axis, which is perpendicular to said front-rear axis and said bottom-top axis.

[0056] According to one embodiment, said pump may extend along said low-high axis between a first height and a second height, greater than said first height; and said saddle extends along said low-high axis between a third height and a fourth height, greater than said third height; said second height being less than said fourth height.

[0057] According to one embodiment, said first height may be less than said third height.

[0058] The present invention also relates to a method of using a saddle-type vehicle. The method of using a saddle-type vehicle having a first fuel tank and a second fuel tank is characterized in that it comprises the steps of: i) establishing a fluid connection through a fluid line of said vehicle between said first and second fuel tanks when said vehicle is in an upright operational position, in which a down-up axis of said vehicle is parallel to a vertical direction; said fluid line being interposed between said first fuel tank and said second fuel tank; or ii) preventing the fluid connection through said fluid line between said first and second fuel tanks when said vehicle is in an inclined stationary position, in which said down-up axis is inclined with respect to said vertical direction.

[0059] The method can further be improved according to different advantageous embodiments.

[0060] According to one embodiment, the method may comprise the further step of iii) setting a valve in an open configuration, in which it allows the passage of said fuel through said fluid line when said vehicle is in said upright operational position; or in a closed configuration, in which it prevents the passage of said fuel through said fluid line, when said vehicle is in said inclined stationary position.

[0061] According to one embodiment, the method may comprise the additional steps of: iv) collecting at least one first data item concerning the state of an engine of said vehicle and at least one second data item concerning the inclination of said low-high axis relative to said vertical direction via a plurality of sensors arranged on said vehicle; v) controlling said engine to assume a running state or a stopped state; vi) receiving at least said first and second data, and instructing said valve to assume said open configuration or said closed configuration based on said first and second data.

[0062] According to one embodiment, said step may comprise the steps of: vii) setting an ignition switch of said vehicle in a start position, in which it sets said engine in said started state or in a stopped position, in which it sets said engine in said stopped state; viii) adjusting said side stand of said vehicle in an activated configuration, in which it supports said vehicle when it is in said inclined stop position, or in a deactivated configuration, in which it leaves free the movement of said vehicle when it is in said upright operational position; ix) collecting at least one first data from a first sensor, which detects the position of said ignition switch of said vehicle; and x) collecting at least said second data from a second sensor, which detects the configuration of said side stand of the vehicle.

[0063] According to one embodiment, said step iii) may comprise the additional steps of: xi) setting said valve in said closed configuration when said vehicle is in a refueling operation of said inclined stop position with said engine in said stopped state and said side stand in said activated configuration; xii) setting said valve in said closed configuration when said vehicle is in a preheating operation of said inclined stop position with said engine in said started state and said side stand in said activated configuration; and xiii) setting said valve in said open configuration when said vehicle is in said upright operational position with said engine in said started state and said side stand in said deactivated configuration.

[0064] According to one embodiment, said step iii) may comprise the steps of xiv) controlling said valve via a pressure difference between two cross-sections of said fluid line; said cross-sections being arranged on respective opposite extents of said fluid line with respect to said valve; said step xiv) comprising the sub-steps of: xv) setting said valve in said open configuration when said pressure difference is less than a threshold value; and xvi) setting said valve in said closed configuration when said pressure difference is greater than said threshold value; said pressure difference being less than said threshold value when said vehicle is in said upright operational position and being greater than said threshold value when said vehicle is in said inclined stop position.

[0065] According to one embodiment, the method may comprise the additional steps of: xvii) establishing an additional permanent fluid connection between said first and second fuel tanks via a connection line; said connection line comprising a first end and a second end, which are positioned respectively inside said first and second fuel tanks; and xviii) discharging into said second fuel tank the fuel overflowing from said first fuel tank via said connection line, when said vehicle is in said inclined stop position.

[0066] According to one embodiment, the method may comprise the additional steps of xix) ventilating said second fuel tank via ventilation means; and xx) ventilating said first fuel tank via said connection line; said first and second ends being positioned above said free surfaces of said fuel within the respective first and second tanks at least when said vehicle is in said upright operational position. Brief description of the drawings

[0067] Two preferred non-limiting embodiments of the present invention will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0068] [Fig-1] [Fig.l] is a top view of a saddle-type vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention, parts being removed for clarity;

[0069] [Fig.2] [Fig.2] is a side view of the saddle-type vehicle of [Fig.l], with parts removed for clarity;

[0070] [Fig.3] [Fig.3] is an enlarged perspective view of the tanks of the saddle-type vehicle of Figures 1 and 2;

[0071] [Fig.4] [Fig.4] is an enlarged perspective view of some components of the saddle-type vehicle of Figures 1 and 2, the tanks being only partially drawn;

[0072] [Fig.5] [Fig.5] is a diagram of the tanks of the saddle-type vehicle of figures 1 to 4, showing the fuel levels inside the tanks in an upright position of the saddle-type vehicle and in an inclined position of the saddle-type vehicle, respectively;

[0073] [Fig.6] [Fig.6] is a diagram of the tanks of the saddle-type vehicle of figures 1 to 4, showing the fuel levels inside the tanks in an upright position of the saddle-type vehicle and in an inclined position of the saddle-type vehicle, respectively;

[0074] [Fig.7] [Fig.7] is a further enlarged scale partial cross-sectional view of the saddle-type vehicle of Figures 1 to 6 along line VII-VII of [Fig.l], with parts removed for clarity;

[0075] [Fig.8] [Fig.8] is a diagram of the tanks of a saddle-type vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention, showing the fuel levels inside the tanks in the inclined position of the saddle-type vehicle; and

[0076] [Fig.9] [Fig.9] is a diagram of the tanks of the saddle-type vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention, showing the fuel levels inside the tanks in an upright position of the saddle-type vehicle and in an inclined position of the saddle-type vehicle, respectively;

[0077] [Fig. 10] [Fig. 10] is a diagram of the tanks of the saddle-type vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention, showing the fuel levels inside the tanks in an upright position of the saddle-type vehicle and in an inclined position of the saddle-type vehicle, respectively. Best mode for carrying out the invention

[0078] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 indicates a saddle-type vehicle.

[0079] In the embodiment shown, the saddle-type vehicle is a motorcycle. Alternatively, the saddle-type vehicle is a scooter or a moped.

[0080] In the remainder of this description, expressions such as "above", "before", "under", "below" and the like are used with reference to a normal direction of progression and an operational position of the vehicle 1 shown in the accompanying figures.

[0081] In particular, in Figures 1 and 2, arrows L, R, F, B, U, D respectively indicate directions to the left, to the right, to the front, to the rear, to the up and down, relative to the normal direction of travel and operational position of vehicle 1.

[0082] As shown in [Fig.l], the vehicle 1 substantially comprises: - a frame 50 with a front end 51 and a rear end 52; - a first fuel tank 2 and a second fuel tank 3; and - a fluid line 6, which extends between tank 2 and tank 3.

[0083] In detail, the frame 50 houses reservoirs 2, 3 and the fluid line 6.

[0084] The vehicle 1 further comprises: - a front-rear axis X, which is directed parallel to a front-rear direction of the vehicle 1; - a low-high axis Z, which is perpendicular to the X axis and directed parallel to a low-high direction of the vehicle 1; and - a left-right Y axis, which is perpendicular to the X and Z axes and directed parallel to a left-right direction of vehicle 1.

[0085] The X, Y and Z axes are integral with the vehicle 1, and form the vehicle coordinate system.

[0086] The X axis is an axis of symmetry of the vehicle 1.

[0087] It is also possible to define a vertical direction H, which is perpendicular to the ground and along which gravity acts.

[0088] In addition, the vehicle 1 comprises: - a saddle 7, which is connected to the frame 5 and is used as a seat by the driver and / or a passenger; - a heat engine 5, which is housed in the frame 50 and can be controlled to assume a running state or a stopped state; and - first and second lateral sides 1a, 1b, opposite each other with respect to the X axis.

[0089] In detail, the tanks 2, 3 store the fuel 20 intended to be burned by the engine 5.

[0090] In the embodiment shown, the reservoirs 2, 3 extend at least partly under the saddle 7, and are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis X (figures 1 and 2).

[0091] In detail, the tank 2 is arranged at the side 1a of the vehicle 1, and the tank 3 is arranged at the side 1b of the vehicle 1.

[0092] The fuel 20 inside the tanks 2, 3 has respective free surfaces 21, which are perpendicular to the direction H.

[0093] The reservoirs 2, 3 at least partially overlap each other along the Z axis, as shown in [Fig.7].

[0094] In addition, the saddle 7 comprises an upward surface 7a and a downward surface 7b, which are opposite along the Z axis and strongly joined to each other at a common front edge 7c (Figures 2 and 7).

[0095] The surface 7b comes into contact with the frame 50, to which it is fixed.

[0096] The surface 7a comprises a convex part 100 and a concave part 101.

[0097] The concave portion 101 defines a seat for the driver.

[0098] In detail, the part 101 in turn comprises two extents 102, 103, which are respectively descending and ascending relative to the Z axis, progressing from the front end 51 towards the rear end 52.

[0099] In particular, the portion 100 and the extent 102 are both descending relative to the Z axis progressing from the front end 51 towards the rear end 52, and the portion 100 is less abrupt than the extent 102.

[0100] In addition, the width of the surface 7a along the Y axis increases progressing from the front end 51 towards the rear end 52 ([Fig.l]).

[0101] Vehicle 1 can be set in: - an inclined stop position, in which the Z axis is inclined relative to the H direction; or - an upright operating position, in which the Z axis is parallel to the H direction.

[0102] For example, the vehicle 1 is in the inclined stop position during preheating or refueling operations, or when parked.

[0103] Furthermore, in the inclined stop position, the vehicle 1 cannot move in the direction of advance.

[0104] Conversely, vehicle 1 is in the right operational position when moving along the direction of advance.

[0105] In the inclined stop position and in the upright operating position, the X axis is directed parallel to the ground.

[0106] In detail, the vehicle 1 could also be set in an inclined operational position, in which the Z axis is slightly inclined relative to the H direction, for example when the vehicle 1 is moving along a curved path.

[0107] The vehicle 1 could also be placed in a straight stop position, in which the Z axis is parallel to the H direction, for example when stopping at a red light.

[0108] In addition, the tanks 2, 3 comprise respective fuel filling holes not shown, for the insertion of the fuel 20.

[0109] Accordingly, as shown in Figures 1, 3, 5 and 6, the tanks 2, 3 are provided with respective fuel filler caps 12, 13, which can be selectively adjusted in an open position or in a closed position, so as to respectively allow the insertion of the fuel 20 inside the tanks. tanks 2, 3 from the outside through respective fuel filler holes and to protectively cover the fuel filler holes.

[0110] In the embodiment shown, the caps 12, 13 and the respective fuel filler holes are arranged on top of the respective tanks 2, 3.

[0111] Furthermore, as illustrated in Figures 5, 6, the tanks 2, 3 are provided with respective breather pipes 40, 41 as ventilation means having: - respective inner ends 40a, 41a, which are positioned inside the respective tanks 2, 3; and - respective outer ends 40b, 41b, which are positioned outside the respective reservoirs 2, 3, preferably below the respective first ends 40a, 41a.

[0112] The first ends 40a, 41a are positioned so as to be above the free surface 21 of the fuel 20 when the vehicle 1 is in the upright / stopped operational position, the refueling operations are completed, and the excess fuel 20 has been discharged through the ends 40b, 41b.

[0113] In detail, the breather pipes 40, 41 may be in one piece with the respective plugs 12, 13.

[0114] The dimensions and proportions of the breather pipes 40, 41 and the plugs 12, 13 shown in the attached figures should be considered as purely indicative and not limiting.

[0115] When the caps 12, 13 are in the closed position, the breather pipes 40, 41 prevent the development of a vacuum or excessive pressure inside the tanks 2, 3 following emptying and filling operations of the tanks 2, 3, respectively.

[0116] Furthermore, in the embodiment shown, the plugs 12, 13 are at a higher level than the surface 7a of the saddle 7 relative to the Z axis ([Fig.2]).

[0117] Furthermore, when the vehicle 1 is in the upright operational position ([Fig.5]), it is possible to define a distance dl along the Z axis between a free surface 21 of the fuel 20 and respective ends 40a, 41a for a given quantity of fuel 20.

[0118] When the vehicle 1 is in the inclined stop position, it is possible to identify a higher tank 3 and a lower tank 2 relative to the Z axis ([Fig.6]).

[0119] Furthermore, in this state, the free surfaces 21 of the fuel 20 inside the tanks 2, 3 are not perpendicular to the Z axis as in the upright operational position, but always perpendicular to the H direction ([Fig.6]).

[0120] Therefore, when the vehicle 1 is in the inclined stop position, the fuel 20 inside the tanks 2, 3 approaches the ends 40a, 41a of the respective breather pipes 40, 41.

[0121] In other words, in this state, a distance d2 of the free surface 21 of the lower tank 2 from the end 40a along the direction H is less than the distance dl for the given quantity of fuel 20 contained in the tanks 2, 3 ([Fig.6]).

[0122] In detail, a distance d2 equal to zero corresponds to a state of overflow or incipient overflow of the fuel 20 from the tanks 2, 3.

[0123] Therefore, it is possible to define a maximum admissible capacity of the tanks 2, 3 as a maximum quantity of fuel that can be stored inside the tanks 2, 3, as a consequence of the inclination of the free surfaces 21 of the fuel 20, when the vehicle 1 is in the inclined stop position and for a given angle between the Z axis and the H direction.

[0124] The maximum admissible capacity corresponds to the minimum admissible value of the distance d2.

[0125] In other words, when the vehicle 1 is in the inclined stop position at a given angle between the Z axis and the H direction and the tanks 2 or 3 are filled to the maximum permissible capacity, any quantity of fuel 20 entering the tank 2 or 3 may cause the fuel 20 to overflow from the breather pipes 40, 41.

[0126] As shown in [Fig.l], the vehicle 1 further comprises: - an ignition switch 9, connected to the frame 50 and operable to set the engine 5 in the running state or the stopped state; and - a side stand 10, which can be selectively adjusted into an activated configuration (shown in [Fig.2] and shown in [Fig.l] as a solid line), in which it supports the vehicle 1 in the inclined stop position, or into a deactivated configuration (shown in [Fig.l] as broken lines), in which it leaves the vehicle free to move, when it is in the upright operational position.

[0127] The side stand 10 is articulated on the frame 50.

[0128] In the embodiment shown, the side stand 10 is articulated on the side 1a of the vehicle 1.

[0129] Additionally, in the activated configuration, the side stand 10 is lowered relative to the frame 50 and extends substantially transversely relative to the X axis.

[0130] In the deactivated configuration, the side stand 10 is retracted and extends substantially parallel to the X axis towards the frame 50.

[0131] The ignition switch 9 is operated by means of a key not shown, which can be inserted and rotated in a keyhole of the ignition switch 9 between a start angular position and a stop angular position.

[0132] The starting angular position corresponds to the running state of the motor 5, while the stopping angular position corresponds to the stopped state of the motor 5.

[0133] Alternatively, the ignition switch 9 is a power button.

[0134] In detail, when the vehicle 1 is in the inclined stop position, and specifically during refueling operations, the engine 5 is in the stopped state and the side stand 10 is in the activated configuration.

[0135] When the vehicle 1 is in the inclined stop position, and specifically during refueling operations, the engine 5 is in the stopped state and the side stand 10 is in the activated configuration.

[0136] On the contrary, when the vehicle 1 is in the right operational position, the engine 5 is in the running state and the side stand 10 is in the deactivated configuration.

[0137] When the vehicle 1 is in the inclined operational position or in the straight stop position, the engine 5 is in the started state and the side stand 10 is in the deactivated configuration.

[0138] Advantageously, the vehicle 1 further comprises control means 15 configured to establish a fluid connection through the fluid line 6 between the tank 2 and the tank 3 so as to allow the passage of fuel 20 through the fluid line 6 when the vehicle 1 is in the upright operational position, or to prevent the fluid connection through the fluid line 6 between the tank 2 and the tank 3 so as to prevent the passage of fuel 20 through the fluid line 6 when the vehicle 1 is in the inclined stop position.

[0139] In detail, the control means 15 comprise a valve 8, which is positioned on the fluid line 6.

[0140] Valve 8 can selectively take: - an open configuration, in which it allows the passage of fuel 20 through the fluid line 6; or - a closed configuration, in which it prevents the passage of fuel 20 through the fluid line 6 (figures 1, 4 to 6).

[0141] In more detail, in the embodiment shown, said valve 8 is a valve that can be electrically actuated, like a solenoid valve.

[0142] In addition, the control means 15 comprise (figures 1, 5 and 6): - sensors 17, 18 ([Fig.l]), in the embodiment shown electrical switches, which collect at least a first data item concerning the state of the motor 5 and a second data item concerning the inclination of the Z axis relative to the vertical direction H; and - a control unit 11, which is programmed to receive first and second data and to instruct the valve 8 to take the open configuration or the closed configuration on the basis of the first and second data.

[0143] The valve 8 is normally set in the closed configuration, and can be set by the control unit 11 in the open configuration.

[0144] In the embodiment shown, a sensor 17 generates the first data item associated with the start / stop angular position of the ignition switch 9, and a sensor 18 generates the second data item associated with the activated / deactivated configuration of the side stand 10.

[0145] The sensor 17 provides the control unit 11 with the first data concerning the state of the engine 5, and the sensor 18 provides the control unit 11 with the second data concerning the position of the vehicle 1.

[0146] In detail, during parking / refueling operations of the vehicle 1, the control unit 11 receives the first data identifying that the engine 5 is in the stopped state, and the second data identifying that the side stand 10 is in the activated configuration, and sets the valve 8 in the closed configuration.

[0147] Furthermore, in preheating operations of the vehicle 1, the control unit 11 receives the first data identifying that the engine 5 is in the started state and the second data identifying that the side stand 10 is in the activated configuration, and sets the valve 8 in the closed configuration.

[0148] On the contrary, when the vehicle 1 is in the upright operational position, the control unit 11 receives the first data identifying that the engine 5 is in the running state and the second data identifying that the side stand 10 is in the deactivated configuration, and sets the valve 8 in the open configuration.

[0149] Similarly, when the vehicle 1 is in the inclined stop position along a forward curved path or in the straight operational position, the control unit 11 receives the first data identifying that the engine 5 is in the started state and the second data identifying that the side stand 10 is in the deactivated configuration, and maintains the valve 8 in the open configuration.

[0150] Advantageously, the vehicle 1 comprises a single pump 4 (shown only schematically), which is arranged inside one of the tanks 2, 3 along the fluid line 6 and under the saddle 7.

[0151] In the embodiment shown, the pump 4 is arranged inside the reservoir 2, and the fluid line 6 extends from the reservoir 3 to the pump 4 (Figures 1, 5 and 6).

[0152] In detail, the pump 4 comprises two suction inlets 4a, 4b and one 4c distribution outlet.

[0153] A first (4a) of the suction inlets 4a, 4b is positioned at the connection between the pump 4 and the fluid line 6; the other (4b) is positioned at the reservoir 2.

[0154] In addition, the pump 4 and the saddle 7 are offset along the Y axis ([Fig. 1]).

[0155] The pump 4 extends along the Z axis between a first height zl and a second height z2, greater than the first height zl (figures 2, 4).

[0156] The saddle 7 extends along the Z axis between a third height z3 and a fourth height z4, greater than the third height z3 ([Fig.2]).

[0157] In detail, the height z4 corresponds to the highest point of the surface 7a and the height z3 corresponds to the lowest point of the surface 7b, relative to the Z axis.

[0158] In the embodiment shown, the second height z2 is less than the fourth height z4 and the first height zl is less than the third height z3.

[0159] In use, when the vehicle 1 is in the inclined stop position and during refueling operations, the engine 5 is in the stopped state and the side stand 10 is in the activated configuration.

[0160] In this condition, the sensor 17 of the ignition switch 9 sends the first data to the control unit 11 concerning the fact that the engine 5 is in the stopped state, and the sensor 18 sends the second data to the control unit 11 concerning the fact that the side stand 10 is in the activated configuration.

[0161] The control unit 11 receives the first and second data and sets the valve 8 in the closed configuration.

[0162] In detail, when a certain quantity of fuel 20 has entered the higher tank 3 through the cap 13, it flows to the lower tank 2 through the fluid connection 6, due to gravity.

[0163] Since the valve 8 is in the closed configuration, the fluid connection between the tanks 2, 3 through the fluid line 6 is prevented, and the fuel 20 cannot reach the lower tank 2.

[0164] Accordingly, even in the case where the lower tank 2 is at the maximum permissible capacity, the overflow of fuel 20 from the breather pipe 40 is substantially avoided.

[0165] Furthermore, since the valve 8 is in the closed configuration, filling the tanks 2, 3 is possible only by inserting fuel 20 into each of the tanks 2, 3 individually.

[0166] When the vehicle 1 is in the inclined stop position, and during preheating operations, the engine 5 is in the started state and the side stand 10 is in the activated configuration.

[0167] The control unit 11 receives the first data from the sensor 17 and the second given from sensor 18, and sets valve 8 in the closed configuration.

[0168] In this condition, pump 4 draws fuel only from tank 2 through suction inlet 4b.

[0169] When the vehicle 1 is in the right operating position, the engine 5 is set in the running state and the side stand 10 is in the deactivated configuration.

[0170] The control unit 11 receives the first data from the sensor 17 and the second data from the sensor 18, and sets the valve 8 in the open configuration.

[0171] Therefore, the pump 4 draws fuel directly from the tank 2 through the suction inlet 4b and from the tank 3 via the fluid line 6 through the suction inlet 4a.

[0172] Then, the pump 4 distributes the sucked fuel 20 to the engine 5 through the distribution outlet 4c.

[0173] Furthermore, when the vehicle 1 is parked, the engine 5 is in the stopped state and the side stand 10 is in the activated configuration.

[0174] The control unit 11 receives the first and second data and sets the valve 8 in the closed configuration.

[0175] Additionally, when the vehicle 1 is set in the inclined operating position or in the straight stop position, the engine 5 is started and the side stand 10 is in the deactivated configuration.

[0176] The control unit 11 receives the first and second data and maintains the valve 8 in the open configuration.

[0177] Referring to [Fig.8], reference numeral 1' indicates a saddle-type vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0178] Vehicle 1' is similar to vehicle 1 and will be described below only to the extent that it differs therefrom; corresponding or equivalent parts of vehicle 1,1' will, where possible, be indicated by the same reference numerals.

[0179] In particular, vehicle 1' differs from vehicle 1 in that valve 8' is an automatic valve and is placed on fluid line 6 between tanks 2 and 3 ([Fig.8]).

[0180] Furthermore, the vehicle 1' differs from the vehicle 1 in that control means 15' do not include the control unit 11 and the sensors 17, 18.

[0181] In more detail, the valve 8' is a one-way valve and is configured to prevent the passage of fuel 20 from the tank 3 to the tank 2 through the fluid line 6 when it is in a closed configuration, or to allow the passage of fuel 20 through the fluid line 6 in the reverse direction when it is in an open configuration.

[0182] Valve 8' is automatically controlled based on a difference of pressure Ap between two cross sections 30', 31' of the fluid line 6.

[0183] In detail, the cross sections 30', 31' are arranged on opposite extents of the fluid line 6 relative to the valve 8'. Furthermore, the cross sections 30', 31' communicate fluidically with the reservoirs 2, 3, respectively.

[0184] The valve 8' is in the open configuration when the pressure difference Ap is less than a threshold value Ap*, that is to say when the vehicle 1' is in the right operational position.

[0185] Furthermore, the valve 8' is in the closed configuration when the pressure difference Ap is greater than the threshold value Ap*, i.e. when the vehicle 1' is in the inclined stop position.

[0186] As shown in [Fig.8], the pump 4 is arranged inside the reservoir 3, and the fluid line 6 extends from the reservoir 2 to the pump 4.

[0187] In more detail, the first suction inlet 4a is positioned at the connection between the pump 4 and the fluid line 6; the suction inlet 4b is positioned inside the reservoir 3.

[0188] The operation of vehicle 1' is similar to that of vehicle 1 and is described only to the extent that it differs.

[0189] In particular, when the vehicle 1' is in the upright operational position, the pressure difference Ap between the cross sections 30' and 31' is less than the threshold value Ap*.

[0190] As a result, the valve 8' is automatically set in the open configuration and allows the passage of the fuel 20 between the tanks 2, 3 through the fluid line 6.

[0191] In detail, the pump 4 draws fuel 20 directly from the tank 3 through the suction inlet 4b and from the tank 2 via the fluid line 6 through the suction inlet 4a.

[0192] When the vehicle 1' is moved from the upright operating position to the inclined stopping position, a certain quantity of the fuel 20 tends to flow down along the fluid line 6 from the tank 3 to the tank 2.

[0193] In this condition, a positive pressure difference Ap greater than the threshold value Ap* is established between the cross sections 31' and 30'.

[0194] In other words, the pressure in cross section 31' is greater than the pressure in cross section 30'.

[0195] As a result, the valve 8' is automatically set in the open configuration and prevents the fuel 20 from reaching the tank 2 from the tank 3.

[0196] While valve 8' is closed, pump 4 draws fuel directly from tank 3 through suction inlet 4b.

[0197] Referring to Figures 9, 10, reference numeral 1” indicates a saddle-type vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0198] Vehicle 1” is similar to vehicle 1, 1' and will be described below only to the extent that it differs therefrom; corresponding or equivalent parts of vehicle 1, 1', 1” will, where possible, be indicated by the same reference numerals.

[0199] In detail, vehicle 1” differs from vehicle 1 in that it includes a connection line 40'' instead of the breather pipe 40.

[0200] The connection line 40” comprises a first end 40a”, which is positioned inside a tank 2” and a second end 40b”, which is positioned inside the tank 3”.

[0201] The 40” connection line connects the 2”, 3” tanks regardless of the open / closed configuration of the 8 valve and / or the inclined / straight position of the 1” vehicle.

[0202] In this way, the connection line 40'' establishes a permanent fluid connection between the tanks 2”, 3”.

[0203] The dimensions and proportions of the connection line 40'' shown in the attached figures should be considered as purely indicative and not limiting.

[0204] In the embodiment shown, the connection line 40'' extends partially outside the 2”, 3” tanks and passes through the top of the 2”, 3” tanks.

[0205] Alternatively, the connection line 40” passes through respective openings not shown in the plugs 12, 13.

[0206] The 40” connection line acts as a ventilation means for the 2” tank.

[0207] Accordingly, it prevents the development of a vacuum or excessive pressure inside the 2” tank, by sucking (exhausting) air from (towards) the 3” tank.

[0208] In addition, the connection line 40'' allows the passage of fuel 20, preferably from the tank 2” to the tank 3”.

[0209] Additionally, first and second ends 40a”, 40b” are positioned to be above the free surfaces 21 of the fuel 20 when the vehicle 1” is in the straight / stop operational positions, and the amount of fuel 20 inside the tanks 2”, 3” is less than the maximum permissible capacity.

[0210] The 40” connection line may be configured as a rigid pipe or a flexible hose. In particular, the 40” connection line may be a flexible hose of the same type as the breather hoses 40, 4L

[0211] The operation of vehicle 1” is similar to that of vehicle 1, 1' and is not described only to the extent that it differs from it.

[0212] In detail, when the vehicle 1” is in the straight / stop operational position ([Fig.9]) and the quantity of fuel 20 inside the tank 2” is less than the maximum permissible capacity of the tank 2”, the ends 40a”, 40b” of the connection line 40' are both positioned above the free surfaces 21 of the fuel 20 inside the tanks 2”, 3” and a permanent fluid connection is established between the tanks 2”, 3”.

[0213] In this case, the permanent fluid connection between the 2”, 3” tanks essentially concerns the air volumes contained in the respective 2”, 3” tanks.

[0214] In detail, the communicating air volumes can mix and homogenize by means of the connecting line 40'' and, consequently, achieve the same physical properties (pressure, density, etc.).

[0215] Therefore, when a vacuum or excessive pressure develops inside the 2” tank, the air inside the 2” tank mixes with the air inside the 3” tank, and the 3” tank is in turn vented through the 41” breather pipe.

[0216] In other words, the 2” tank is vented indirectly, by means of a 40” connection line and a 41” breather pipe.

[0217] When the vehicle 1” is in the inclined operating / stopping position ([Fig.10]), the end 40a” is positioned below the end 40b” relative to the Z axis.

[0218] Therefore, if the quantity of fuel inside the tank 2'' is greater than the maximum permissible capacity of the tank 2” and the valve 8, 8' is not properly kept open or is not functioning correctly, the fuel 20 rises through the connection line 40” to the tank 3”, by virtue of the principle of communicating vessels.

[0219] If the quantity of fuel overflowing from tank 2'' is sufficient to completely pass through the connection line 40”, the fuel 20 is in fact discharged into tank 3”.

[0220] In this case, the connection line 40” establishes a fluid connection between the tanks 2”, 3”, which mainly concerns the fuel 20.

[0221] Additionally, fuel 20 inside the 3” tank exceeding the maximum permissible capacity of the 3” tank is released through the 41b” end.

[0222] The advantages of the vehicle 1, 1', 1” and of the method according to the present invention will appear from the above description.

[0223] In particular, the control means 15, 15' prevent the passage of fuel 20 through the fluid line 6 when the vehicle 1, 1', 1” is in the inclined stop position.

[0224] Therefore, the overflow of fuel 20 outside the lower tank 2 is substantially prevented.

[0225] This is achieved during refueling or preheating, or when the vehicle 1, 1', 1” is parked.

[0226] In detail, when the valve 8, 8' is in the closed configuration, the flow of fuel at 20 from the tank 3 to the tank 2 through the fluid line 6 due to gravity is prevented.

[0227] Thus, the flow of fuel 20 from the tank 3 to the tank 2 beyond the maximum permissible capacity of the tank 2 is substantially excluded and, consequently, the overflow of fuel 20 outside the breather pipe 40 is substantially avoided.

[0228] Accordingly, although during refueling operations the insertion of fuel 20 into the higher tank 3 corresponds to the descent of fuel 20 through the fluid line 6, the filling of the higher tank 3 is not limited by the risk of overflow from the lower tank 2.

[0229] This is due to the fact that when the valve 8, 8' is in the closed configuration, the fluid connection between the tanks 2, 3 through the fluid line 6 is prevented. As a result, the filling of the tanks 2, 3 is improved.

[0230] Furthermore, since the valve 8' is an automatic valve, the control means 15' do not need to include sensors 17, 18 or a control unit 11.

[0231] In fact, the valve 8' is controlled solely on the basis of a pressure difference Ap between two cross sections 30', 31' of the fluid line 6.

[0232] The control of the valve 8' is therefore simplified compared to the control of the valve 8, and does not require the use of electrical energy.

[0233] Furthermore, since the pump 4 is arranged inside one of the tanks 2, 3 and under the saddle 7, an improved positioning of the pump 4 on the vehicle 1, 1', 1” is obtained.

[0234] In fact, since the pump 4 is arranged inside one of the reservoirs 2, 3 and under the saddle 7, it is possible to form the surface 7a substantially without any upward projection along the Z axis.

[0235] Due to its shape, the surface 7a interferes with the driver's movements in a negligible manner or at least not to the detriment of the driver's safety.

[0236] Furthermore, since the pump 4 is positioned inside one of the tanks 2, 3 and the part 101 of the surface 7a is concave, the barycenter of the vehicle is in a lower position relative to the Z axis than in the known motorcycles described in the introductory part of the present description.

[0237] A lower barycenter is advantageous in situations where vehicle stability is of the utmost importance, such as for saddle-type vehicles designed for off-road use, which are typically driven by a standing rider.

[0238] In addition, as the 1” vehicle includes a 40” connection line and the tank 2'' is not provided with a breather pipe which directly draws (exhausts) air from (to) the outside so as to ventilate the 2" tank, the overflow and dispersion of fuel 20 out of the 2", 3" tanks is further reduced.

[0239] In fact, unlike tank 2, tank 2” is only vented indirectly through the 40” connection line and tank 3”.

[0240] Accordingly, the 2'' tank does not have a dedicated breather pipe that could serve as a means to vent overflowing fuel from the 2'' tank directly outside the 2” tank.

[0241] Therefore, if the valve 8, 8' does not operate properly and remains open while the vehicle 1” is in the inclined stop position, and if as a result the fuel 20 exceeds the maximum permissible capacity of the tank 2”, fuel 20 is not released into the environment, and the performance of the vehicle 1” is not degraded.

[0242] On the contrary, in this case, fuel 20 is discharged into the tank 3”, which is in a higher position relative to the tank 2”.

[0243] Accordingly, since the end 41a” of the breather pipe 41” is in a higher position relative to the free surfaces 21 of the fuel 20 inside the tank 3”, even in cases where the quantity of fuel 20 inside the tank 3” is equal to the maximum permissible capacity of the tank 3”, the release of fuel 20 from the tank 3” is much less likely.

[0244] In other words, since fuel overflow 20 from the 2”, 3” tanks is much less likely to occur even if the valve 8, 8' remains open by mistake, the operation of the vehicle 1” is safer and more reliable.

[0245] Finally, it appears that modifications and variants not departing from the present invention can be made concerning the vehicle 1, 1', 1” and the method according to the present invention.

[0246] In particular, the sensor 18 could be replaced by a tilt sensor, which would measure for example the tilt of the Z axis of the vehicle 1 relative to the direction H, thus obtaining the second data concerning the position of the vehicle 1.

[0247] Furthermore, the vehicle 1, 1', 1” could comprise more than one pair of fuel tanks 2, 2”; 3, 3”. Accordingly, the present invention would apply to each pair of fuel tanks 2, 2”; 3, 3”. In particular, the tanks 2, 2”; 3, 3” of each pair would be fluidically connected by means of a respective fluidic line 6.

[0248] The pump 4 of the vehicle 1 could also be arranged inside the tank 3, 3”.

[0249] Consequently, a fluid line 6 would extend between the reservoir 2, 2'' and the pump 4.

Claims

Claims

1. A saddle-type vehicle (1, 1', 1”), comprising: - a frame (50), which defines a front-rear axis (X) and a bottom-top axis (Z) perpendicular to said front-rear axis (X); - a first fuel tank (2, 2”) and a second fuel tank (3, 3”); and - a fluid line (6), which is interposed between said first fuel tank (2, 2”) and said second fuel tank (3, 3”); characterized in that it further comprises control means (15, 15') configured to: - establishing a fluid connection through said fluid line (6) between said first fuel tank (2, 2”) and said second fuel tank (3, 3”), so as to allow the passage of a fuel (20) through said fluid line (6) when, in use, said vehicle (1, 1', 1”) is in an upright operational position, in which said down-up axis (Z) is parallel to a vertical direction (H); or - preventing the fluid connection through said fluid line (6) between said first and second fuel tanks (2, 2”; 3, 3”), so as to prevent the passage of said fuel (20) through said fluid line (6) when, in use, said vehicle (1, 1', 1”) is in an inclined stop position, in which said down-up axis (Z) is inclined with respect to said vertical direction (H), said control means (15, 15') comprise a valve (8, 8'), which is positioned on said fluid line (6); said valve (8, 8') being controllable to take: - an open configuration in which it allows, in use, the passage of said fuel (20) through said fluid line (6), when said vehicle (1, 1', 1”) is in said upright operational position; Or - a closed configuration, in which it prevents, in use, the passage of said fuel (20) through said fluid line (6), when said vehicle (1, 1', 1”) is in said inclined stop position, and said valve (8) is an electrically actuable valve, in particular a solenoid valve.

2. A saddle-type vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a motor (5), which can be controlled to assume a put-in state

3.

4. running or stopped state; characterized in that said control means (15) further comprise: - a plurality of sensors (17, 18), which are used to collect at least a first data item concerning the state of said engine (5) and at least a second data item concerning the inclination of said down-up axis (Z) relative to said vertical direction (H); and - a control unit (11), which is programmed to receive, in use, at least said first and second data, and to instruct said valve (8) to take said open configuration or said closed configuration on the basis of said first and second data. A saddle-type vehicle according to claim 2, further comprising: - an ignition switch (9) for instructing said engine (5) to assume said started state or said stopped state; and - a side stand (10), which can be selectively adjusted into an activated configuration, in which it supports, in use, said vehicle (1) in said inclined stop position, or into a deactivated configuration, in which it leaves free, in use, the movement of said vehicle (1) into said upright operating position; characterized in that said sensors (17, 18) respectively collect said first data from said ignition switch (9) and said second data from said side stand (10). Saddle-type vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that said inclined stop position corresponds, in use, to at least one operation of refueling said vehicle (1) or to one operation of preheating said vehicle (1); said engine (5) being, in use, in said stopped state and said side stand (10) being, in use, in said activated configuration when said vehicle (1) is, in use, in said refueling operation; said engine (5) being, in use, in said started state and said side stand (10) being, in use, in said activated configuration when said vehicle (1) is, in use, in said preheating operation; said engine (5) being, in use, in said switched-on state and said side stand (10) being, in use, in said deactivated configuration when said vehicle (1) is, in use, in said upright operating position; said valve (8) being set, in use, in said closed configuration when said vehicle (1) is, in use, in said refueling operation or in said preheating operation; said valve (8) being set, in use, in said open configuration when said vehicle (1) is, in use, in said upright operational position.

5. A saddle-type vehicle according to any preceding claim, characterized in that it further comprises: - a connection line (40”), which establishes an additional permanent fluid connection between said first and second fuel tanks (2”, 3”); said connection line (40”) comprising a first end (40a”) and a second end (40b”), which are positioned inside the first and second fuel tanks (2”, 3”), respectively; said connection line (40”) being adapted to discharge into said second fuel tank (3”) the fuel (20) overflowing from said first fuel tank (2”); and - ventilation means (41”) of said second fuel tank (3”), being adapted to directly ventilate said second fuel tank (3”) and said first fuel tank (2”) via said connection line (40”); said first and second ends (40a”, 40b”) being positioned, in use, above said free surfaces (21) of said fuel (20) within the respective first and second tanks (2”, 3”) at least when, in use, said vehicle (1”) is in said upright operational position.

6. A saddle-type vehicle according to claim 3 or 4, or according to claim 5 in combination with claim 3 or 4, characterized in that it comprises: - a saddle (7); and - a single pump (4); said first and second reservoirs (2, 2”; 3, 3”) being arranged respectively on a first and a second side (1a, 1b), opposite each other with respect to said front-rear axis (X); said single pump (4) being arranged inside one of said first and second fuel tanks (2, 2”; 3, 3”) and under said saddle (7); said side stand (10) being operatively connected to said first side (la) of said vehicle (1, 1', 1”).

7. A saddle-type vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that said single pump (4) is arranged on said first side (la).

8. A saddle-type vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that said single pump (4) is arranged on said second side (1b).

9. A saddle-type vehicle (1, 1', 1”) according to claim 1, comprising: - a saddle (7); - a single pump (4); and - the fluid line (6) extends between said first and second fuel tanks (2, 2”; 3, 3”) from one to the other; characterized in that said single pump (4) is arranged inside one of said first and second fuel tanks (2, 2”; 3, 3”) along said fluid line (6) and under said saddle (7).

10. A saddle-type vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that said first and second fuel tanks (2, 2”; 3, 3”) are arranged on said vehicle (1, 1', 1”) in a symmetrical manner with respect to a front-rear axis (X) of said vehicle (1, 1', 1”).

11. A saddle-type vehicle according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that said first and second fuel tanks (2, 2”; 3, 3”) each comprise at least one respective filler cap (12, 13), and in that said saddle (7) is arranged under said at least one filler cap (12, 13) relative to a bottom-top axis (Z) of said vehicle (1, 1', 1”).

12. A saddle-type vehicle according to claim 11, characterized in that said pump (4) and said saddle (7) are offset along an additional axis (Y), which is perpendicular to said front-rear axis (X) and said bottom-top axis (Z).

13. A saddle-type vehicle according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that said pump (4) extends along said low-high axis (Z) between a first height (zl) and a second height (z2), greater than said first height (zl); and in that said saddle (7) extends along said low-high axis (Z) between a third height (z3) and a fourth height (z4), greater than said third height (z 3); said second height (z2) being less than said fourth height (z4).

14. A saddle-type vehicle according to claim 13, characterized in that said first height (zl) is less than said third height (z3).

15. A method of using a saddle-type vehicle (1, 1', 1”) having a first fuel tank (2, 2”) and a second fuel tank (3, 3”), characterized in that it comprises the steps of: i) establishing a fluid connection through a fluid line (6) of said vehicle (1, 1', 1”) between said first and second fuel tanks (2, 2”; 3, 3”) when said vehicle (1, 1', 1”) is in an upright operational position, in which a down-up axis (Z) of said vehicle (1, 1', 1”) is parallel to a vertical direction (H); said fluid line (6) being interposed between said first fuel tank (2, 2”) and said second fuel tank (3, 3”); or ii) preventing the fluid connection through said fluid line (6) between said first and second fuel tanks (2, 2”; 3, 3”) when said vehicle (1, 1', 1”) is in an inclined stop position, in which said down-up axis (Z) is inclined with respect to said vertical direction (H), and said steps i) and ii) comprise the step of iii) setting a valve (8, 8') in an open configuration, in which it allows the passage of said fuel (20) through said fluid line (6) when said vehicle (1, 1', 1”) is in said upright operational position; or in a closed configuration, in which it prevents the passage of said fuel (20) through said fluid line (6), when said vehicle (1, 1', 1”) is in said inclined stop position, the valve being an electrically actuable valve, in particular a solenoid valve.

16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that it comprises the additional steps of: iv) collecting at least one first data item concerning the state of an engine (5) of said vehicle (1) and at least one second data item concerning the inclination of said low-high axis (Z) relative to said vertical direction (H) by means of a plurality of sensors (17, 18) arranged on said vehicle (1); v) controlling said motor (5) to assume a running state or a stopped state; vi) receiving at least said first and second data, and instructing said valve (8) to assume said open configuration or said closed configuration based on said first and second data.

17. A method according to claim 16, characterized in that said step iv) comprises the steps of: vii) setting an ignition switch (9) of said vehicle (1) in a start position, in which it sets said engine (5) in said started state or in a stop position, in which it sets said engine (5) in said stopped state; viii) adjusting said side stand (10) of said vehicle (1) in an activated configuration, in which it supports said vehicle (1) when it is in said inclined stop position, or in a deactivated configuration, in which it leaves free movement of said vehicle (1) when it is in said upright operational position; ix) collecting at least a first data from a first sensor (17), which detects the position of said ignition switch (9) of said vehicle (1);and x) collecting at least said second data from a second sensor (18), which detects the configuration of said side stand (10) of said vehicle (1).;

18. A method according to claim 17, characterized in that said step iii) comprises the steps of: xi) setting said valve (8) in said closed configuration when said vehicle (1) is in a refueling operation from said inclined stop position with said engine (5) in said stopped state and said side stand (10) in said activated configuration; xii) setting said valve (8) in said closed configuration when said vehicle (1) is in a preheating operation from said inclined stop position with said engine (5) in said started state and said side stand (10) in said activated configuration; and xiii) setting said valve (8) in said open configuration when said vehicle (1) is in said upright operating position with said engine (5) in said started state and said side stand (10) in said deactivated configuration.

19. Method according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that it comprises the additional steps of: xvii) establishing an additional permanent fluid connection between said first and second fuel tanks (2”, 3”) via a connection line (40”); said connection line (40”) comprising a first end (40a”) and a second end (40b”), which are positioned respectively inside said first and second fuel tanks (2”, 3”); and xviii) discharging into said second fuel tank (3”) the fuel (20) overflowing from said first fuel tank (2”) by via said connecting line (40”), when said vehicle (1”) is in said inclined stop position.

20. Method according to claim 19, characterized in that it comprises the additional steps of: xix) ventilating said second fuel tank (3”) by means of ventilation means (41”); and xx) venting said first fuel tank (2”) via said connection line (40”); said first and second ends (40a”, 40b”) being positioned above said free surfaces (21) of said fuel (20) inside the respective first and second tanks (2”, 3”) at least when said vehicle (1”) is in said upright operational position.

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