Vehicle seat backrest, vehicle seat and associated assembly process

Abstract

Vehicle seat backrest, vehicle seat, and associated assembly method. The invention relates to a vehicle seat backrest (12) comprising a frame (28), at least three upholstery modules (30) formed by a central upholstery module (32) and two lateral upholstery modules (34). Each upholstery module (30) is assembled onto the frame (28) independently of the other upholstery modules (30). Each upholstery module (30) comprises a support (70), padding (60, 72) assembled onto the support (70), and a cover (62, 74) at least partially covering the padding (60, 72). The backrest (12) further comprises at least two reversible fastening devices (114, 116), each of the covers (62) of the lateral upholstery modules (34) being connected to the cover (74) of the central upholstery module (32) by one of the reversible fastening devices (114, 116). Figure for the abbreviation: Figure 2

Description

Title of the invention: Vehicle seat backrest, vehicle seat and associated assembly method

[0001] The present invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a vehicle seat backrest, in particular for a motor vehicle.

[0002] According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a vehicle seat comprising such a backrest.

[0003] According to a third aspect, the invention also relates to a method of assembling such a file.

[0004] In the automotive field, it is known to manufacture a vehicle seat back incorporating numerous comfort and / or safety features. This is achieved by attaching a support to the seat frame, mounting the various elements necessary for providing the comfort and / or safety features onto the support or the seat frame, and then covering the entire assembly with foam forming the padding. The seat cover then encases the entire assembly.

[0005] Depending on the number and complexity of the functions to be integrated into a seat back, the assembly process can vary considerably on an assembly line. Furthermore, the assembly operations are lengthy and tedious, requiring a certain level of dexterity from the operator, particularly for attaching the seat cover to the padding. The structure of this type of backrest also makes it difficult to customize the backrest or replace one or more defective or damaged parts. Dismantling the seat components at the end of their life is also complex and tedious, which hinders the seat's recycling.

[0006] One of the aims of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks by offering a seat back that is simple and quick to assemble, easily customizable and has a good level of repairability, while maintaining a satisfactory aesthetic appearance.

[0007] To this end, the invention relates to a vehicle seat backrest, said backrest comprising a frame, at least three upholstery modules formed by at least one central upholstery module and at least two lateral upholstery modules, the lateral upholstery modules being arranged on either side of the central upholstery module in a transverse direction, each of the upholstery modules being assembled onto the frame independently of the other upholstery modules, each upholstery module comprising a support, padding assembled onto the support, and a cover at least partially covering the padding, the backrest further comprising at least two reversible fastening devices, each of the module covers The side trim pieces are connected to the top of the central trim module by one of the reversible fastening devices.

[0008] Thus, the upholstery of such a seat back can be easily and quickly mounted onto the seat frame. Furthermore, by adapting the components and the cover of the central upholstery module and / or the side upholstery modules, it is possible, while maintaining the same general configuration of the three-module independent upholstery backrest, to mount vehicle seat backs with varying functionalities and exterior appearances, thereby enhancing seat customization. Seat repairability is improved since the upholstery modules can be replaced independently of one another. The reversible fastening devices facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the upholstery modules and reduce the time required for assembling and disassembling a seat back.

[0009] The file according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following features, taken individually or in any technically feasible combination:

[0010] - the frame defines a front face and a rear face opposite the front face along a longitudinal direction substantially perpendicular to the transverse direction, the cap of the central trim module comprising a front cap element extending from the side of the front face of the frame between an upper end and a lower end in an elevation direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, and a rear cap element extending from the side of the rear face between an upper end and a lower end in the elevation direction;

[0011] - at least the rear cap element is connected to the caps of the side modules of trim by reversible fastening devices, each reversible fastening device extending from the lower end of the rear cap element to the upper end of the rear cap element;

[0012] - the front headgear element is connected to the frame and / or is fixed to the padding of the central trim module;

[0013] - the front cap element is connected to the caps of the side trim modules by said reversible fastening devices, each reversible fastening device extending from the lower end of the front headgear element to the lower end of the rear headgear element;

[0014] - each reversible fastening device is a zipper comprising a first toothed band fixed to the cap of the central trim module, a second toothed band fixed to the cap of the corresponding lateral trim module, and a slider adapted to assemble or disassemble the first toothed band and the second toothed band;

[0015] - the cap of the central trim module is fixed to an upper end of the mattress secure at the level of a fixation area; and

[0016] - the top of the central trim module is removable.

[0017] According to another aspect, the invention also relates to a vehicle seat comprising such a backrest.

[0018] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a method for assembling a file as defined above, the method comprising the following steps:

[0019] - mount the trim modules onto the frame,

[0020] - connect the side trim module covers to the central module cover trim using reversible fastening devices.

[0021] The description also relates to a method of assembling a vehicle seat backrest, the backrest comprising a frame, at least three trim modules formed by at least one central trim module and at least two lateral trim modules, the lateral trim modules being arranged on either side of the central trim module in a transverse direction, each of the trim modules being assembled on the frame independently of the other trim modules, each trim module comprising a support, padding assembled on the support and a cover at least partially covering the padding,

[0022] the frame defining a front face and a rear face opposite the front face in a longitudinal direction substantially perpendicular to the transverse direction,the central trim module cover comprising a front cover element extending from the front face of the frame and a rear cover element extending from the rear face, the method comprising the following steps: ,

[0023] - mount the trim modules onto the frame,

[0024] - fix the front cap element and the rear cap element together to form a central headdress assembly,

[0025] - place the central headpiece assembly on the padding of the central module of trim,

[0026] - connect the central assembly of the cap to the caps of the side modules.

[0027] The method may further comprise one or more of the following features, taken individually or in any technically feasible combination:

[0028] - the front cap element and the rear cap element are fixed to each other by minus one seam,

[0029] - the front cap element extends along the front face of the frame between a an upper end and a lower end along an elevation direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse directions, and a rear cap element extending along the rear face between an upper end upper and lower extremities along the direction of elevation, the front and rear cap elements being fixed to each other by the upper extremities of said cap elements,

[0030] - the central assembly of the cap and the caps of the side trim modules are connected by reversible fastening devices.

[0031] Other aspects and advantages will become apparent upon reading the following description, given by way of example and with reference to the attached drawings, among which:

[0032] [Fig-1] [Fig.1] is a schematic view of a seat according to a first mode of publication of the invention,

[0033] [Fig.2] [Fig.2] is an exploded view of the seat back of [Fig.1],

[0034] [Fig.3][Fig.4] Figures 3 and 4 are respectively front and rear views from the file of [Fig.2].

[0035] In the following description, the terms "front" and "rear" are used with reference to a longitudinal direction L, which corresponds to the longitudinal extension direction of the seat, and is the normal direction of forward movement of the vehicle in which the seat is mounted. The terms "left" and "right" are used with reference to a transverse direction T substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L. The terms "up," "down," "lower," and "upper" are used with reference to an elevation direction Z substantially perpendicular to both the longitudinal direction L and the transverse direction T.

[0036] With reference to [Fig. 1], a vehicle seat 10, such as a motor vehicle seat, comprising a backrest 12, is described. The seat 10 further comprises a seat 14 connected to the backrest 12 and a headrest 16 assembled on the backrest 12. For example, in a known manner, the backrest 12 is mounted pivotally relative to the seat 14 about a transverse axis 18.

[0037] As can be seen in more detail in [Fig.2], the backrest 12 comprises a frame 28 and at least three trim modules 30 mounted on the frame 28. In particular, in the illustrated example, the backrest 12 comprises a central trim module 32 and two lateral trim modules 34 arranged on either side of the central trim module 32 in the transverse direction T, forming a right lateral trim module 36 and a left lateral trim module 38.

[0038] In the illustrated example, the frame 28 forms a frame comprising two flanges 42 spaced apart from each other along the transverse direction T. The flanges 42 are connected to each other by a lower cross member 48 and an upper cross member 50 extending along the transverse direction T to the lower and upper ends of the flanges 42 and spaced apart from each other along the elevation direction Z.

[0039] The frame 28 defines a front face 52 and a rear face 54 extending on either side of the support frame 40 along the longitudinal direction L. The rear face 54 This corresponds, for example, to the back of the seat back 12, which is facing the rear of the vehicle when the seat 10 is facing the front of the vehicle. The front face 52 extends, for example, to the side of the passenger's landing surface, against which the passenger's back rests when seated in seat 10.

[0040] The frame 28 includes, for example, metal elements mounted between the flanges 42 on the side of the front face 52 of the frame 28 and forming a deflection sheet 59.

[0041] In the illustrated example, the central trim module 32 defines a support surface 56 intended to support the passenger, and in particular the passenger's back. The side trim modules 34 are projecting from the support surface 56 of the central trim module 32. Each side trim module 34 defines a support surface 58 intended to support at least one lateral portion of the passenger's back. The central trim module 32 and the side trim modules 34 together define a passenger cradle.

[0042] Each of the trim modules 30 is assembled onto the frame independently of the other trim modules 30. In other words, the trim modules 30 pre-exist their assembly onto the frame 28 of the backrest 12. Thus, the trim modules 30 are not produced by overmolding onto the frame 28 of the backrest 12 and / or structural elements already attached to the frame 28 of the backrest 12. This does not preclude each of the trim modules 30 from being partially produced by overmolding a support. However, in this case, the overmolding is carried out prior to the assembly of the trim modules 30 onto the frame 28. In other words, each trim module 30 can be assembled onto the frame 28 while the other trim modules 30 are not yet mounted on the frame 28.

[0043] Each side trim module 34 may include a support, for example in the form of a plate, a padding 60 fixed to the support and a cap 62 surrounding at least part of the padding 60. Each side trim module 34 extends mainly along the elevation direction Z between an upper end 64 and a lower end 66.

[0044] Each side trim module 34 is mounted on the frame 28. In particular, the support of each side trim module 34 is mounted on a corresponding flange 42 of the frame 28, for example by elastic fitting and / or screwing, and / or by force fixing.

[0045] The padding 60 is, for example, a foam body, such as polyurethane foam or other. The padding 60 gives the side padding module 34 its comfort qualities. The padding 60 is preferably a single piece. For example, the padding 60 is obtained by cutting from a panel. The padding 60 is glued or elastically fitted onto the support. The padding 60 then comprises Preference is given to inserts that form elastic interlocking reliefs on the support. Alternatively, the 60 mm padding is overmolded onto the support.

[0046] The cover 62 at least partially covers the padding 60 of the side trim module 34 so as to form the outer surface 68 of the side trim module 34, that is, the part of the side trim module 34 visible from inside the vehicle. The cover 62 gives the side trim module 34 its appearance and feel. The cover 62 is, for example, made of fabric or leather, or of a natural or synthetic material.

[0047] In various embodiments, each side trim module 34 comprises, for example, one or more elements, each associated with one or more passenger comfort or safety functions. For example, each side trim module 34 comprises at least one airbag of a passenger back support adjustment device attached to the support of each side trim module, and / or at least one massage airbag and / or a side safety airbag device. Generally, each of the side trim modules 34 and / or the central trim module 32 can be equipped with one or more comfort and / or safety system(s).

[0048] The central trim module 32 preferably comprises a support 70, for example in the form of a plate, a padding 72 fixed to the support 70 and a cap 74 covering at least part of the padding 72.

[0049] The support 70 extends along the elevation direction Z between a lower end 76 and an upper end 78, preferably curved. The upper end 78 rests on the upper cross member 50 of the frame 28. The support 70 is assembled onto the frame 28 on the front face 52 side of the frame 28. In particular, the lower end 76 of the support 70 is assembled onto the lower cross member 48 of the frame 28. To achieve this, the upper ends 78 and lower ends 76 of the support 70 and the upper cross members 50 and 48 of the frame 28, respectively, cooperate with each other by means of fastening devices. For example, the fastening devices include additional ridges for force-fitting the central trim module 32 and / or additional spring-fit ridges, such as clips, for spring-fitting.

[0050] The padding 72 is, for example, assembled onto the support 70. The padding 72 extends along the elevation direction Z between an upper end 73 and a lower end 75. The padding extends only on the front face side of the frame 28. The padding 72 is, for example, a foam body, such as polyurethane foam. When the passenger uses the seat, they lean against the padding 72. The padding 72 gives the central upholstery module 32 its comfort qualities. The padding 72 is preferably a single piece. For example, the padding 72 is obtained by cutting from a panel. The padding 72 is glued or elastically fitted onto the support 70. The padding 72 preferably includes inserts forming elastic interlocking reliefs on the support 70. Alternatively, the padding 72 is overmolded onto the support 70.

[0051] The cover 74 covers the frame 28 and the padding 72 so as to form the outer surface 82 of the central trim module 32, that is, the part of the central trim module 32 visible from inside the vehicle. In particular, the cover 74 extends opposite the frame 28 on the rear face 54 of the frame 28. The cover 74 gives the central trim module 32 its appearance and feel. The cover 74 is, for example, made of fabric or leather, or of a natural or synthetic material.

[0052] In the illustrated example, the cap 74 comprises a front cap element 86 extending from the side of the front face 52 of the frame 28 and a rear cap element 88 extending from the side of the rear face 54 of the frame 28. In the illustrated example, the front cap element 86 and the rear cap element 88 are located on either side of the fixing region 84 along the longitudinal direction L.

[0053] The front fairing element 86 extends primarily along the vertical direction Z between a lower end 90 and an upper end 92. The front fairing element 86 also extends along the transverse direction T between a right lateral edge 94 and a left lateral edge 96. The front fairing element 86 covers the padding 72. In the illustrated example, the front fairing element 86 is attached to the padding 72, for example by bonding. Preferably, the entire surface of the front fairing element 86 is attached to the padding 72.

[0054] The rear cap element 88 extends primarily along the elevation direction Z between a lower end 98 and an upper end 100. The lower end 98 preferably forms a free edge. The rear cap element 88 further extends along the transverse direction T between a right lateral edge 102 and a left lateral edge 104. The rear cap element 88 covers the frame 28 and, more particularly, the rear face 54 of the frame 28. Preferably, the rear cap element 88, the frame 28, and the support 70 of the central trim element 32 define an empty interstitial space between them; that is, the interstitial space is devoid of elements arranged in the interstitial space between the support 70 and the rear cap element 88.

[0055] According to the invention, the folder 12 further comprises at least two reversible fastening devices 106. Each of the caps 62 of the side trim modules 34 is connected to the cap 74 of the central trim module 32 by at least one reversible fastening device 106.

[0056] By "reversible fastening device" is meant a fastening device that allows the cover 62 to be assembled and disassembled from the side trim modules 34 and the cap 74 of the central trim module 32 without affecting the physical integrity of the caps 62, 74. Advantageously, each reversible fastening device 106 is a zipper comprising a first toothed band 108 fixed on the cap 74 of the central trim module 32, a second toothed band 110 fixed on the cap 62 of the corresponding lateral trim module 34, and a slider 112 adapted to assemble or disassemble the first toothed band 108 and the second toothed band 110.

[0057] Preferably, the slider 112 includes a gripping member allowing a user to move the slider 112 along the first toothed band 108 and the second toothed band 110 during assembly and disassembly.

[0058] It is understood that, according to certain embodiments, the gripping member is intended to remain attached to the slider 112 once the end cap 62 of the side trim modules 34 and the end cap 74 of the central trim module 32 have been assembled together. According to other embodiments, the gripping member is detached from the slider 112 once the end cap 62 of the side trim modules 34 and the end cap 74 of the central trim module 32 have been assembled together. Nevertheless, the end cap 62 of the side trim modules 34 and the end cap 74 of the central trim module 32 can be disassembled by repositioning the gripping member on the slider 112 or by using a suitable tool that is attached to the slider 112 and allows the slider 112 to move along the first toothed band 108 and the second toothed band 110.

[0059] Alternatively, the slider 112 is without a gripping member. The movement of the slider 112 along the first toothed band 108 and the second toothed band 110 is achieved using a tool removably attached to the slider 112.

[0060] In an alternative (not shown), the reversible fastening device 106 is a self-gripping fastening device comprising a first textile band having hooks fixed to one of the cap 74 of the central trim module 32 and the cap 62 of the lateral trim module 34, a second textile band including loops fixed to the other of the cap 74 of the central trim module 32 and the cap 62 of the lateral trim module 34, the loops cooperating with the hooks of the first band.

[0061] In the illustrated example, the folder 12 comprises a first reversible fastening device 114 and a second reversible fastening device 116. The first reversible fastening device 114 connects the right lateral edge 94 of the front cover element 86 and the right lateral edge 102 of the rear cover element 88 to the cover 62 of the side trim module 34, and in particular to the cover 62 of the right side trim module 36. The second reversible fastening device 116 connects the left lateral edge 96 of the front cover element 86 and the left lateral edge 104 of the cover element rear 88 to the trim piece 62 of the side trim module 34, and in particular to the trim piece 62 of the left side trim module 38. Each of the fastening devices 114, 116 extends from the lower end 90 of the front trim element 86 to the lower end 98 of the rear trim element 88. The first device 114 extends along the right lateral edge 94 of the front trim element 86 and along the right lateral edge 102 of the rear trim element 88. The second device 116 extends along the left lateral edge 96 of the front trim element 86 and along the left lateral edge 104 of the rear trim element 88. Thus, each of the reversible fastening devices 114, 116 extends on both sides of the frame 28, on the front face side. 52 and on the rear side 54.Preferably, the first toothed band 108 and the second toothed band 110 are engaged with each other on the side of the front face 52 and the slider 112 is moved from the side of the front face 52 to the side of the rear face 54. Alternatively, the first toothed band 108 and the second toothed band 110 are engaged with each other on the side of the rear face 54 and the slider 112 is moved from the side of the rear face 54 to the side of the front face 52.

[0062] Preferably, the reversible fixing devices 114, 116 are symmetrical with respect to the median plane P of elevation of the backrest 12. The median plane P of elevation is a plane substantially perpendicular to the transverse direction T which divides the backrest 12 into two parts left and right substantially identical to each other.

[0063] In various embodiments, the central trim module 32 comprises one or more elements, each associated with one or more passenger comfort and / or safety functions. For example, the central trim module 32 comprises a backrest ventilation device, and / or a passenger back massage and support device, and / or a heating device, and / or at least one loudspeaker.

[0064] A method for assembling a backrest 12 as described above is now described.

[0065] First, the method includes a step of providing a backrest frame 28 and the three upholstery modules 30. At this step, the backrest frame 28 may optionally already be fixed to the seat 14.

[0066] The trim modules 30 are then mounted onto the frame 28. The order in which the trim modules 30 are mounted may depend on the geometry of the supports for the various trim modules 30 and, in particular, the type of fastening to the frame 28. For example, one can begin by mounting each of the lateral trim modules 34 onto the frame 12, and then place the central trim module 32 between the two lateral trim modules 34. Alternatively, one can first mount the central trim module 32 onto the frame 12, and then place each of the lateral trim modules 34 onto the frame 12.

[0067] Each of the trim modules 30 is assembled onto the frame 28 using one or several of the fastening devices mentioned above.

[0068] The caps 62 of the side trim modules 34 are then connected to the cap 74 of the central trim module 32 using the reversible fastening devices 114, 116.

[0069] In particular, in the illustrated example, for the first reversible fastening device 114, the first toothed band 108 of the cap 74 of the central trim module 32 is engaged with the second toothed band 110 of the cap 62 of the right side trim module 36 at the slider 112. The slider 112 is then slid from the lower end 90 of the front cap element 86 along the right side edge 94 of the front cap element 86 to assemble the front cap element 86 to the cap 62 of the right side trim module 36 on the front face 52 side of the frame 28, and then along the right side edge 102 of the rear cap element 88 to assemble the rear cap element 88 to the cap 62 of the right side trim module 36 on the rear face 54 side of the frame 28.The same operation is repeated for the second reversible closing device 116 to assemble the left lateral edge 96 of the front cap element 86 and the left lateral edge 104 of the rear cap element 88 to the cap 62 of the left side trim module 38.

[0070] Alternatively, for the first reversible fastening device 114, the first toothed band 108 of the cap 74 of the central trim module 32 is engaged with the second toothed band 110 of the cap 62 of the right side trim module 36 at the slider 112. The slider 112 is then slid from the lower end 98 of the rear cap element 88 along the right side edge 102 of the rear cap element 88 to assemble the rear cap element 88 to the cap 62 of the right side trim module 36 on the side of the rear face 54 of the frame 28, and then along the right side edge 94 of the front cap element 86 to assemble the front cap element 86 to the cap 62 of the right side trim module 36 on the side of the front face 52 of the frame 28.The same operation is repeated for the second reversible closing device 116 to assemble the left lateral edge 96 of the front cap element 86 and the left lateral edge 104 of the rear cap element 88 to the cap 62 of the left side trim module 38.

[0071] A second embodiment (not shown) is described by differences with respect to the first embodiment.

[0072] In this embodiment, the cover 74 is only attached to the padding 72 at the upper end of the padding 72 along at least one attachment region. For example, the cover 74 is sewn or glued to the padding 72 along at least one attachment region formed by at least one line of stitching or gluing extending along an axis substantially parallel to the transverse direction T.

[0073] The assembly method for folder 12 is identical to that described in the first method of implementation.

[0074] A third embodiment (not shown) is described by differences with respect to the first embodiment.

[0075] In this embodiment, the cap 74 of the central trim module 32 is not fixed to the padding 72 of the central trim module 32. Thus, the cap 74 of the central trim module 32 is removable. By "removable," it is understood that the cap 74 of the central trim module 74 is configurable between a detached configuration in which the cap 74 is positioned away from the side trim modules 34 and the padding 72 of the central trim module 32, and an assembled configuration in which the cap 74 of the central trim module 32 is at least partially assembled to one of the caps 62 of the side trim modules 34. It is understood that the change of configuration is carried out without affecting the physical integrity of the caps 74 and 62 of the trim modules 30 and the padding 72 of the central trim module 32.

[0076] The method of assembling a folder 12 according to the second embodiment is identical to the method of assembling a folder 12 according to the first embodiment.

[0077] The customization and repairability of the backrest 12 are improved since the cap 74 of the central trim module 32 can be easily changed without it being necessary to dismantle the trim modules 30 of the frame 28 of the backrest 12.

[0078] A fourth embodiment (not shown) is now described by differences with respect to the first embodiment.

[0079] In this embodiment, the reversible fastening devices 114, 116 connect only the rear cover element 88 to the side trim modules 34. In particular, the first reversible fastening device 114 connects the right side edge 102 of the rear cover element 88 to the cover 62 of the side trim module 34, and in particular to the cover 62 of the right side trim module 36. The second reversible fastening device 116 connects the left side edge 104 of the rear cover element 88 to the cover 62 of the side trim module 34, and in particular to the cover 62 of the left side trim module 38. In this embodiment, each reversible fastening device 114, 116 extends from the lower end 98 of the rear cover element 88 to the upper end 100 of the rear cover element 88.Thus, each of the reversible fixing devices 114, 116 extends only on the rear face 54 side of the frame 28.

[0080] Preferably, during assembly, the first toothed band 108 and the second toothed band 110 are engaged with each other at the upper end 100 of the rear cap element 88 and the slider 112 is moved from the upper end 100 to the lower end 98 of the rear cap element 88.

[0081] In this embodiment, the front cap element 86 is for example fixed to the frame 28 on the side of the front face 52. Preferably, each lateral edge 94, 96 of the front cap element 86 comprises a plurality of fixing members cooperating with a part of the frame 28 and in particular with the flanges 42 of the frame 28.

[0082] During the assembly of the backrest 12, preferably, the front cover element 86 is first assembled onto the frame 28 before the rear cover element 88 is connected to the covers 62 of the side trim modules 34.

[0083] Thus, the seat back 12 according to the invention is particularly advantageous. Indeed, the upholstery of such a seat back 12 can be easily and quickly mounted onto the seat back frame 28. Furthermore, by adapting the components and the cover 74 of the central upholstery module 32 and / or the side upholstery modules 34, it is possible, while maintaining the same general configuration of the seat back 12 with three independent upholstery modules 30, to mount vehicle seat backs 12 with varying functionalities and exterior appearances, thus improving the customization of the seat 10. The repairability of the seat 10 is improved since the upholstery modules 30 can be replaced independently of each other. The reversible fastening devices 112, 114 facilitate the assembly of the upholstery modules 30 and reduce the time required to assemble a seat back 12.The rear headrest element 88 makes it possible to obtain a backrest with a satisfactory aesthetic appearance without the need to use an expensive shell which adds weight to the backrest 12.

Claims

Demands

1. Vehicle seat back (12), said backrest (12) comprising a frame (28), at least three upholstery modules (30) formed by at least one central upholstery module (32) and at least two side upholstery modules (34), the side upholstery modules (34) being arranged on either side of the central upholstery module (32) in a transverse direction (T), each of the upholstery modules (30) being assembled onto the frame (28) independently of the other upholstery modules (30), each upholstery module (30) comprising a support (70), padding (60, 72) assembled onto the support (70) and a cover (62, 74) at least partially covering the padding (60, 72), the backrest (12) further comprising at least two reversible fastening devices (114, 116), each of the covers (62) of the side upholstery modules (34) being connected to the cover (74) of the central trim module (32) by one of the reversible fastening devices (114,116).

2. A case (12) according to claim 1, wherein the frame (28) defines a front face (52) and a rear face (54) opposite the front face (52) along a longitudinal direction (L) substantially perpendicular to the transverse direction (T), the cap (74) of the central trim module (32) comprising a front cap element (86) extending from the side of the front face (52) of the frame (28) between an upper end (92) and a lower end (90) along an elevation direction (Z) substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L) and the transverse direction (T), and a rear cap element (88) extending from the side of the rear face (54) between an upper end (100) and a lower end (98) along the elevation direction (Z).

3. File (12) according to claim 2, wherein at least the rear cap element (88) is connected to the caps (62) of the side trim modules (34) by reversible fastening devices (114, 116), each reversible fastening device (114, 116) extending from the lower end (98) of the rear cap element (88) to the upper end (100) of the rear cap element (88).

4. File (12) according to claim 3, wherein the front cap element (86) is connected to the frame (28) and / or is fixed to the padding (72) of the central trim module (32).

5. File (12) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the element of front cap (86) is connected to the caps (62) of the side trim modules (34) by said reversible fastening devices (114, 116), each reversible fastening device (114, 116) extending from the lower end (98) of the front cap element (86) to the lower end (98) of the rear cap element (88).

6. File (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each reversible fastening device (114, 116) is a zipper comprising a first toothed band (108) fixed to the cap (74) of the central trim module (32), a second toothed band (110) fixed to the cap (62) of the corresponding lateral trim module (34), and a slider (112) adapted to assemble or disassemble the first toothed band (108) and the second toothed band (110).

7. File (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in the cap (74) of the central trim module (32) is fixed to an upper end (73) of the padding (72) at the level of a fixing region.

8. Folder (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cap (74) of the central trim module (32) is removable.

9. Vehicle seat (10) comprising a backrest (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Method of assembling a backrest (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising the following steps: - mounting the trim modules (30) on the frame (28), - connecting the caps (62) of the side trim modules (34) to the cap (74) of the central trim module (32) using the reversible fastening devices (114, 116).

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