Method for predicting the risk of harmful mixing of liquids

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for predictively identifying a risk of inappropriate mixing of a liquid, called liquid (1) to be transferred, including a transfer into a container (2) for storing a liquid, called stock liquid (3), likely to be contained in said container (2), is envisaged, a method in which: a measurement of electrical conductivity (σ) of said liquid (1) to be transferred is carried out without dilution of said liquid (1) to be transferred, the temperature of said liquid (1) to be transferred, the electrical conductivity value measured, is determined, the measured electrical conductivity value is compared with predetermined electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid (3) at the determined temperature,and said liquid (1) to be transferred into said storage container (2) is not transferred when the measured electrical conductivity value does not fall within a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the determined temperature. Figure for abstract: Figure 7,

Description

Title of the invention: Method for predicting a risk of harmful mixing of liquids

[0001] The invention relates to a method for predictively identifying a risk of inappropriate and / or accidental and / or harmful mixing of two liquids, prior to and as a preventive measure to their mixing. It relates in particular to such a method for predicting a risk of occurrence of an inappropriate and harmful mixing of incompatible liquids, i.e. liquids whose mixing is likely to cause nuisances. It relates in particular to such a method for detecting an incompatibility between a liquid, called stock liquid, contained in a storage container and a liquid, called liquid to be transferred, the transfer of which into this container is envisaged. The invention also relates in particular to a secure method for supplying a storage container of said stock liquid with said liquid to be transferred, in which such a method for predicting a risk of harmful mixing of liquids is implemented.

[0002] It is known to deliver a liquid "in bulk", that is to say not packaged in a hermetically sealed delivery container, into a storage tank located on a reception site. The delivery of a liquid "in bulk" into such a storage tank is generally carried out from a tank of a delivery vehicle. Such liquids to be delivered may be, but are not limited to, concentrated acidic or basic liquids and / or corrosive and / or oxidizing liquids. Such a "in bulk" delivery may present a risk of accidental, inappropriate and harmful mixing of this liquid and a second liquid, distinct from the delivered liquid and likely to be already contained in the tank intended to receive the liquid to be delivered. This risk may arise, for example, from an incorrect connection of the delivery tank and a storage tank of a plurality of tanks not all intended to receive the liquid to be delivered.This risk can also arise from an error in filling the delivery tank prior to delivery.

[0003] Such an inappropriate mixture is dangerous. It is likely to cause the accidental formation in the atmosphere of a cloud of toxic, or even very toxic, products resulting from this mixture. This is all the more so since the liquids to be delivered are, in general, concentrated solutions of solutes. By way of example only, the mixture of sodium hypochlorite - in particular a concentrated aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) - with a concentrated solution of a strong acid such as sulfuric acid, or such as hydrochloric acid, or such as phosphoric acid, or such as nitric acid or with a concentrated solution of ferric chloride, causes an atmospheric release of gaseous dichlorine (C^) which, at Contact with mucous membranes, particularly the lungs, forms acids that are aggressive to these tissues. The circulation of such a cloud in the atmosphere is likely to extend the effects of this toxic or even very toxic cloud within a radius of several kilometers around the geographical point of mixing. Thus, the consequences of such an accidental mixture have been modeled and the study of these models suggests potentially catastrophic to disastrous consequences.

[0004] In view of these conclusions, the administration is putting in place regulatory provisions governing the delivery of materials likely to cause nuisances. Depending on the volumes of such materials involved, the administration requires the installation of at least one reliable technical barrier - or even two reliable technical barriers - aimed at preventing the introduction of a liquid to be delivered into a storage tank for a liquid distinct from the liquid to be delivered, or even incompatible with the liquid to be delivered, on sites hosting Classified Installations for the Protection of the Environment (ICPE).

[0005] Preventive measures for risks linked to an accidental mixture of incompatible materials are known. These may be administrative measures or technical measures for identifying dangerous materials.

[0006] For example, a delivery of a dangerous material to a “Seveso” classified site must comply with a procedure according to which: - the order for a quantity of a hazardous material is placed by the “Seveso” classified site with a supplier. This order specifies the nature of the material, the concentration and a delivery time. Validation of this order entails setting a date and time for this delivery, - on the day of delivery, the order number, the conformity of the delivery date and time and the administrative conformity of the delivered material are checked. A document detailing the safety protocol established in the language of the driver of the delivery vehicle, - the delivery vehicle is transported to the reception site and the capacity of the reception tank to receive the quantity of hazardous material announced for delivery is checked, - a sample of the hazardous material is taken and its density is analyzed in a laboratory. If the density is consistent with the expected density of the material, authorization to connect the delivery vehicle's tank to the delivery tank is provided, in the form of a key to unlock a padlock locking access to the connection to the delivery tank, - the delivery vehicle's tank is connected to the receiving tank and the hazardous material is transferred.

[0007] Connection authorization remains a human intervention and may present a risk of failure.

[0008] The invention aims to overcome this drawback and to propose a technical barrier whose reliability is improved.

[0009] Methods are also known for detecting the inappropriate mixing of incompatible liquids in a storage tank, by measuring the pressure and / or temperature in the tank to detect an increase in pressure and / or temperature, indicative of a gas release and / or the triggering of an exothermic reaction in the tank. Detection of this increase in pressure and / or temperature interrupts delivery. However, such detection is a posteriori detection, the inappropriate mixing of incompatible liquids having already produced harmful effects, including, where appropriate, a release of toxic gas into the atmosphere. Furthermore, such overpressure or overheating is likely to damage the tank and require its replacement.Such a method requires the installation and maintenance of a pressure and / or temperature sensor in each tank into which a delivery of hazardous material is planned. It is therefore expensive to install and maintain.

[0010] The invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.

[0011] Deliveries are also known in which the pH of the liquid to be delivered is measured upstream of a valve controlling its introduction into a storage tank for the liquid to be delivered. As soon as the measured pH value does not correspond to the pH value of the expected aqueous solution, the valve is kept in the closed position. Such a pH sensor, however, has a limited lifespan, particularly when the hazardous material whose pH is measured is a strong and concentrated acid. Furthermore, such a pH sensor does not make it possible to distinguish between different concentrated aqueous solutions of different strong acids or different strong bases.

[0012] The invention aims to overcome this drawback.

[0013] Delivery procedures are also known in which an acquisition of the infrared spectrum (or the Raman spectrum) of the liquid to be delivered is carried out upstream of a valve controlling the introduction of the liquid to be delivered into the storage tank to be supplied. As soon as the spectrum does not correspond to the characteristic spectrum of the expected aqueous solution, the valve is kept in the closed position. Such an infrared spectrometer does not allow the analysis of a liquid to be delivered such as hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, in particular. In addition, such a spectrometer is expensive.

[0014] The invention aims to overcome at least one of these drawbacks.

[0015] The invention also aims to propose a method for predictive identification of a risk of inappropriate and / or accidental and / or harmful mixing of two liquids which is reliable, simple in its implementation and rapid in obtaining the result of this prediction.

[0016] The invention also aims to propose such a method which is capable of being implemented online on a connection and delivery pipeline for such a liquid material.

[0017] The invention also aims to propose such a method whose implementation and maintenance cost is moderate.

[0018] The invention also aims to propose such a method involving measuring means whose maintenance is relatively simple and limited to a regular calibration procedure guaranteeing the integrity of these measuring means.

[0019] The invention also aims to propose such a method capable of intervening before any mixing of the liquid materials, even before any mixing of small quantities of such liquid materials.

[0020] To do this, the invention relates to a method for predictively identifying a risk of inappropriate mixing of a liquid, called liquid to be transferred, of which a transfer into a storage container of a liquid, called stock liquid, likely to be contained in said container, is envisaged, method in which: - a measurement of electrical conductivity (o) of said liquid to be transferred is carried out without dilution of said liquid to be transferred, - the temperature of the said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is determined, - the measured electrical conductivity value is compared with the electrical conductivity values ​​of a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​corresponding to said stock liquid at the determined temperature, and - the said liquid to be transferred is not (preventively) transferred into the said storage container when the measured value of electrical conductivity (of the said liquid to be transferred) does not belong to the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of the said stock liquid at the determined temperature.

[0021] The method according to the invention makes it possible to identify a risk of inappropriate and possibly harmful mixing of said liquid to be transferred and said stock liquid - likely to be - contained in the container into which the transfer of said liquid to be transferred is envisaged. Advantageously, it makes it possible to identify such a risk prior to any mixing in the storage container. The risk of nuisances occurring for humans and / or the environment due to this harmful mixing is reduced, or even completely eliminated. In a method according to the invention, the transfer of said liquid to be transferred into said container only when the measured electrical conductivity value falls within a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the determined temperature.

[0022] The predetermined interval of electrical conductivity values ​​is a confidence interval of the measured conductivity values, this confidence interval being representative of the uncertainty of measurement of the electrical conductivity, of the uncertainty of measurement of the temperature and of the uncertainty on the titer of said liquid to be transferred, that is to say of the uncertainty on the titer given by the manufacturer of said liquid to be transferred.

[0023] Throughout the text: - the term "liquid" means any pure substance or any solution - in particular any aqueous solution - of such a pure substance, in the liquid state of this matter at atmospheric pressure. The term "liquid" means in particular any pure substance or any solution of such a pure substance in the liquid state of this matter at atmospheric pressure which is free of this pure substance in the solid state, in particular crystallized. Thus, the term "liquid" means any solution of such a pure substance in which the pure substance is completely dissolved, - the terms "incompatible" and "incompatibility" and the expressions "incompatible liquids" and "incompatible solutions" describe such liquids which are chemically reactive with each other and whose mixture - in particular accidental and / or uncontrolled mixing - is likely to cause harm to humans and / or the environment. For example, distinct liquid mineral or organic acids (aqueous or anhydrous), distinct liquid alkalis (aqueous or anhydrous), distinct liquid oxidizing agents (aqueous or anhydrous) or distinct liquid reducing agents (aqueous or anhydrous), in particular, are considered to be "incompatible" with each other.Solutions, in particular aqueous solutions of the same mineral or organic acid in different concentrations, solutions, in particular aqueous solutions, of the same alkali in different concentrations, solutions - in particular aqueous solutions - of the same oxidizing agent in different proportions and aqueous solutions of the same reducing agent in different concentrations may also be considered incompatible with each other. The nuisances likely to be caused by such mixtures may be of any nature. This may involve the production - in particular by gaseous release - of a toxic product resulting from the mixture. This may involve heating of the mixture leading to the production and / or gaseous release of a toxic product. It may also involve rapid and / or explosive heating of the mixture. Any other type of nuisance is possible. - "mass proportion" (m / m) of a solute in a solution means the ratio of the mass of the solute present in the solution to the total mass of the solution, - the term "body" or the expression "chemical body" commonly defines a chemical species made up of atoms. It may be a "simple body" defining a chemical species made up of atoms of the same element. It may be a "compound body" defining a chemical species made up of atoms of different elements. It may be a "pure body" made up of a single chemical species. Of course, "pure body" means a body made up essentially of a single chemical species, but in which at least one other chemical species may be present in trace amounts only, - the term "interval" defines, in the mathematical sense of the term, an ordered set of values ​​between two limits. Such an interval is thus made up of a continuous sequence of ordered values ​​extending between the two limits. The "amplitude" of an interval is understood to be the arithmetic difference between the upper limit of this interval and the lower limit of this interval.

[0024] In certain embodiments, the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is determined by a measurement of this temperature. In these embodiments, the electrical conductivity value measured at the measured temperature is compared to predetermined values ​​of electrical conductivity of said stock liquid at the measured temperature. In these embodiments, the predetermined values ​​of electrical conductivity of said stock liquid at the measured temperature are determined from a set of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid describing a straight line describing the variation of the electrical conductivity of said stock liquid with temperature. According to certain of these embodiments, the measured temperature is between +4°C and +30°C, in particular between +4.8°C and +30°C.In these embodiments, the electrical conductivity value measured at the determined (measured) temperature is compared to the electrical conductivity values ​​at that measured temperature, of the predetermined range of conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid.

[0025] In certain other embodiments, the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is adjusted to a predetermined temperature value, prior to the measurement of the electrical conductivity. In particular, the temperature is adjusted to a value of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, prior to the measurement of electrical conductivity. In these other embodiments, the electrical conductivity value measured at the temperature adjusted to +20°C + / - 0.1°C, is compared to the electrical conductivity values ​​at this temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, of ​​the predetermined range of conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid. However, nothing prevents provision from being made to adjust the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, to a predetermined temperature value lower than +20°C or higher than +20°C.

[0026] In certain embodiments in which the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is at a temperature value of +20°C + / - 0.1°C (measured or adjusted), said stock liquid is chosen from a first group of stock liquids, formed: - pure acetic acid (C2H4O2) and zero electrical conductivity value at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, - aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in a mass proportion of 12% + / -1% and with an electrical conductivity value at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 0.070 mS / cm and 0.080 mS / cm (mS.cm1), - aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in a mass proportion of 35% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 0.120 mS / cm and 0.140 mS / cm, - aqueous solutions of acetic acid (C2H4O2) in a mass proportion of 75% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 0.150 mS / cm and 0.160 mS / cm, - aqueous ammonia solutions (NH40H) in a mass proportion of 20.5% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 0.900 mS / cm and 1.100 mS / cm, - aqueous solutions of citric acid (C6H8O7) in a mass proportion of 50% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of 20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 3,000 mS / cm and 3,500 mS / cm, - aqueous solutions of ferric chloride (FeCf3) in a mass proportion of 41% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 35,000 mS / cm and 37,500 mS / cm, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite (NaCfO2) in mass proportion of 7.5% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1 °C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 47.451 mS / cm and 49.368 mS / cm, aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCf) having a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1 °C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 128.431 mS / cm and 142.800 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mass proportion of 30.5% + / - 1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 182.353 mS / cm and 189.720 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 70% + / - 1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 205.882 mS / cm and 214.200 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mass proportion of 20% + / - 1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 326.471 mS / cm and 339.660 mS / cm, and of one (i.e. only one) of the solutions chosen from a second group of stock liquids, formed: • aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mass proportion of 50% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 91.961 mS / cm and 95.676 mS / cm, • aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of between 95% and 98% and with electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 95.392 mS / cm and 109.080 mS / cm, • aqueous solutions of sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3) in a mass proportion of between 38% and 40% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​included between 97.745 mS / cm and 101.694 mS / cm, aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite (NaCfO2) in a mass proportion of 25% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 100,000 mS / cm and 104,040 mS / cm, aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) in a mass proportion of between 74.7% and 75.7% and with electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / -0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 106.931 mS / cm and 117.160 mS / cm, aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HN03) in a mass proportion of between 57% and 63% and with electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 491.089 mS / cm and 555.500 mS / cm, aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 50% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 502.941 mS / cm and 523.260 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HN03) in a mass proportion of 53% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 561.765 mS / cm and 584.460 mS / cm, aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 9% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 553.922 mS / cm and 576.300 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HN03) in a mass proportion of 15% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 572.549 mS / cm and 595.680 mS / cm. aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in mass proportion of 33% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 595.050 mS / cm and 626.280 mS / cm, aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 35% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 563.725 mS / cm and 607.010 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of between 30% and 35% and of electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of between 569.307 mS / cm and 645.390 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 20% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 614.706 mS / cm and 639.540 mS / cm, aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 25% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 665.686 mS / cm and 692.580 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of between 33% and 35% and of electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of between 684.314 mS / cm and 718.080 mS / cm, aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 40.6% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 670.588 mS / cm and 697.680 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HN03) in a mass proportion of 25% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 716.667 mS / cm and 745.620 mS / cm, and • aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HNO3) in a mass proportion of between 30% and 35% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 724.510 mS / cm and 766.020 mS / cm, and in that the measured electrical conductivity value of said liquid to be transferred is compared with the electrical conductivity values ​​of the stock liquid at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C.

[0027] Throughout the text, the term "percentage of active chlorine" means the mass of dichlorine (Cf2) capable of being formed from 100 g of aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution.

[0028] In these embodiments, the uncertainty of measurement of the electrical conductivity of said stock liquid is of the order of 0.5%, the uncertainty of measurement of the temperature is of the order of 0.2% from which results an uncertainty of the measured electrical conductivity value of the order of 1%. The predetermined intervals of electrical conductivity values ​​at +20°C account for the sum of these evaluated uncertainties.

[0029] The inventors have observed that, although it is known that the electrical conductivity of a liquid varies with the concentration of the solute(s) in this liquid and also with the temperature, it nevertheless remains possible, in a completely surprising manner, to be able to distinguish each of said stock liquids listed above and to determine whether the mixture of said liquid to be transferred and one of said stock liquids is inappropriate, by measuring the electrical conductivity at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C without diluting said liquid to be transferred. Such a measurement of electrical conductivity makes it possible to avoid a mixture of two incompatible liquids.

[0030] The measurement of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred makes it possible to determine whether or not said liquid to be transferred has an electrical conductivity value measured at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C corresponding to one of the electrical conductivity values ​​of the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid capable of being stored - or of said stored stock liquid - in the container into which the introduction of said liquid to be transferred is envisaged.

[0031] In a method according to the invention, it is determined whether said liquid to be transferred is distinguished from said stock liquid by its electrical conductivity value measured at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, that is to say whether said liquid to be transferred has an electrical conductivity value measured at this temperature, which is distinct from each electrical conductivity value at +20°C + / - 0.1°C of the predetermined range of values ​​corresponding to said stock liquid -likely to be- contained in this storage container. The incompatibility or likely compatibility of the said liquid to be transferred and the said stock liquid is thus determined prior to any introduction of the said liquid to be transferred into the storage container. This avoids any harm to humans and / or the environment.

[0032] In certain other embodiments, the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is determined (measured and between +4.8°C and +30°C or adjusted to the temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C) and the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred at the determined temperature is compared to the electrical conductivity values ​​of the predetermined range of conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the determined temperature, said stock liquid being selected from a third group of stock liquids formed: - aqueous solutions of ferric chloride (FeCf3) in a mass proportion of 41% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite (NaC / Ch) in a mass proportion of 7.5%+ / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCf) with a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 70% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mass proportion of 30.5% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mass proportion of 20% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of between 95% and 98%, - aqueous solutions of sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3) in a mass proportion of between 38% and 40%, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite (NaC / O2) in a mass proportion of 25% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) in a mass proportion of between 74.7% and 75.7%, - aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HNO3) in a mass proportion of between 57% and 63%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 50% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HN03) in a mass proportion of 53% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 9% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HNO3) in a mass proportion of 15% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of between 30% and 35% - in particular aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 33% + / -1% and aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 35% + / -1% -, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 20% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 25% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of between 33% and 35%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 40.6% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HNO3) in a mass proportion of between 30% and 35%, - aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HN03) in a mass proportion of 25% + / -1%. and in that the determined temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is between +4.8°C and +30°C.

[0033] In certain advantageous embodiments, the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, being determined - measured and between +4.8°C and +30°C or adjusted to the temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C - and, the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred is compared to the values ​​of electrical conductivity at the same temperature between +4.8°C and +30°C, belonging to the predetermined range of conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid, said stock liquid is chosen from a fourth group of stock liquids formed: - aqueous solutions of ferric chloride (FeCf3) in a mass proportion of 41% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite (NaCfO2) in a mass proportion of 7.5% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite (NaCfO2) in a mass proportion of 25% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCf) with a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mass proportion of 30.5% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mass proportion of 20% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 50% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 40.6% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 9% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 33% + / -1%.

[0034] In this advantageous embodiment, each of said stock liquids of the fourth group of stock liquids is identifiable and distinguishable from each of said other stock liquids of the fourth group by its electrical conductivity at each determined temperature.

[0035] In certain other advantageous embodiments, the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, being determined - measured and between +4.8°C and +30°C or adjusted to the temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C - and, the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred is compared to the values ​​of electrical conductivity at the same temperature between +4.8°C and +30°C, belonging to the predetermined range of conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid, said stock liquid is chosen from a fifth group of stock liquids formed: - aqueous solutions of ferric chloride (FeCf3) in a mass proportion of 41% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite (NaCfO2) in a mass proportion of 7.5% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of between 95% and 98%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCf) with a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mass proportion of 30.5% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in proportion mass of 20% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HNO3) in a mass proportion of between 57% and 63%, - aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HN03) in a mass proportion of 53% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 33% + / -1%. - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 40.6% + / - 1%, and - aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HNO3) in a mass proportion of between 30% and 35%.

[0036] In this advantageous embodiment, each of said stock liquids of the fifth group of stock liquids is identifiable and distinguishable from each of said other stock liquids of the fifth group by its electrical conductivity at the determined temperature.

[0037] In certain other embodiments, the temperature of said liquid to be transferred whose electrical conductivity is measured being determined and between +20°C and +30°C, the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred is compared to the values ​​of electrical conductivity at the same temperature between +20°C and +30°C, belonging to the predetermined range of conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid, said stock liquid being chosen from the group of stock liquids formed by aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mass proportion of 50% + / -1%.

[0038] In certain other embodiments, the temperature of said liquid to be transferred whose electrical conductivity is measured being determined and comprised between +21°C and +30°C, the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred is compared to the values ​​of electrical conductivity at the same temperature comprised between +21°C and +30°C, belonging to the predetermined interval of conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid, said stock liquid being chosen from the group of stock liquids formed of aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) in a mass proportion of 85% + / -1%.

[0039] In certain particular embodiments of the method according to the invention, the storage container for said stock liquid is a storage container of a plurality of storage containers, each storage container of this plurality of containers being intended to contain a stock liquid distinct from the stock liquids -likely to be- contained in the other containers of the plurality of storage containers, each container being intended to contain a stock liquid of electrical conductivity at the determined temperature - measured and between 4.8°C and 30°C or adjusted to the temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C - included in a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​at the determined temperature separate from the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​at the determined temperature of each of the stock liquids (likely to be) contained in the other containers of the plurality of storage containers, and No transfer of said liquid to be transferred into one of the containers of the plurality of containers is carried out when the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred does not belong to any of the predetermined intervals of electrical conductivity values ​​at the determined temperature of the stock liquids.

[0040] In these embodiments, a storage container is selected from the plurality of storage containers by any means of identifying this storage container and then it is validated, by the method according to the invention, that a risk of inappropriate mixing of said liquid to be transferred and said stock liquid contained or likely to be contained in the selected storage container is not identified.

[0041] In these embodiments, the electrical conductivity value of said liquid to be transferred measured at the determined temperature is compared to each predetermined interval of electrical conductivity values ​​of each of said stock liquids of a plurality of stock liquids each associated with a storage container of the plurality of storage containers.

[0042] In some of these particular embodiments, said liquid to be transferred is received at a site, called a multiple storage site, comprising a plurality of storage containers, each storage container being intended to contain a single stock liquid chosen from a sixth group of stock liquids (on reception), formed: - sodium hypochlorite solutions with an active chlorine percentage of between 9% and 16%, - sodium chlorite solutions in a mass proportion of 25% + / - 1%, - ferric chloride solutions in a mass proportion of 41% + / - 1%, - sodium bisulfite solutions in mass proportions between 38% and 40%, - sodium hydroxide solutions in a mass proportion of 50% + / - 1%, - hydrochloric acid solutions in mass proportions between 30% and 35% - in particular aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 33% + / -1% and aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 35% + / -!% -, - nitric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 53% + / - 1%, - nitric acid solutions in mass proportions between 57% and 63%, - sulfuric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 40.6% + / - 1%, - of sulfuric acid solutions in mass proportions between 95% and 98%, - phosphoric acid solutions in a mass proportion of between 74.7% and 75.7%, - phosphoric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 85% + / - 1%, - hydrogen peroxide solutions in a mass proportion of 35% + / - 1%, And - ammonia solutions in a mass proportion of 20.5% + / - 1%.

[0043] In certain other particular embodiments, said liquid to be transferred is received at a site, called the delivery site, comprising a single storage container or, where appropriate, a small number of storage containers, each storage container being intended to contain a single stock liquid chosen from a seventh group of stock liquids (in delivery), formed: - sodium chlorite solutions in a mass proportion of 7.5% + / - 1%, - sodium hydroxide solutions in a mass proportion of 20% + / - 1%, - sodium hydroxide solutions in a mass proportion of 30.5% + / - 1%, - hydrochloric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 9% + / - 1%, - hydrochloric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 25% + / - 1%, - hydrochloric acid solutions in mass proportions between 30% and 35% - in particular aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid in a mass proportion of 33% + / -1% and aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid in a mass proportion of 35% + / -1% -, - nitric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 15% + / - 1%, - nitric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 25% + / - 1%, - nitric acid solutions in mass proportions between 30% and 35%, - nitric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 53% + / - 1%, - nitric acid solutions in mass proportions between 57% and 63%, - sulfuric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 20% + / - 1%, - of sulfuric acid solutions in mass proportions between 33% and 35%, - sulfuric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 50% + / - 1%, - sulfuric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 70% + / - 1%, - of sulfuric acid solutions in mass proportions between 95% and 98%, - acetic acid solutions in a mass proportion of 75% + / - 1%, - acetic acid solutions in a mass proportion of 100%, - citric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 50% + / - 1%, - hydrogen peroxide solutions in a mass proportion of 12% + / - 1%, and - hydrogen peroxide solutions in a mass proportion of 35% + / - 1%. In these embodiments, said liquid to be transferred is transferred into said storage container at a site of end use of said liquid to be transferred.

[0044] In certain particular embodiments, the method according to the invention aims to preventively identify a risk of inappropriate mixing of an acidic liquid and an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite having a percentage of active chlorine of between 9% and 16%, the mixture of which is likely to cause a harmful release of gaseous chlorine (C^),

[0045] In these particular embodiments, the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, being determined - measured and between +4.8°C and +30°C or adjusted to the temperature of +20°C + / -0.1°C -, the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred is compared to the electrical conductivity values ​​belonging to the predetermined interval of conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the same determined temperature - measured and between +4.8°C and +30°C or adjusted to the temperature of +20°C + / -0.1°C -, said stock liquid being chosen from an eighth group of stock liquids, formed: - aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite with a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16%, - aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid in a mass proportion of between 9% and 35%, - aqueous solutions of nitric acid in a mass proportion of between 15% and 63%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of between 20% and 70%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of between 95% and 98%, - aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid in a mass proportion of between 30% and 60%, - aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid in a mass proportion of less than 15%, - aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid in a mass proportion of between 74% and 85%, - aqueous solutions of ferric chloride in a mass proportion of less than 41%, - aqueous solutions of acetic acid, and - aqueous solutions of citric acid in a mass proportion of less than 50%, and in that the determined temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is between +4.8°C and +30°C, wherein said liquid to be transferred is not transferred into said storage container in each of the following first and second situations: - the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred at the determined temperature (adjusted to the temperature of +20°C + / -0.1°C or measured at a temperature between +4.8°C and +30°C) does not fall within the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the determined temperature, said stock liquid being an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution having an active chlorine percentage of between 9% and 16% (first situation), and - the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred at the determined temperature (adjusted to the temperature of +20°C + / -0.1°C or measured at a temperature between +4.8°C and +30°C) belongs to the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution having a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16% at the determined temperature, said stock liquid being distinct from an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution having a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16% (second situation).

[0046] In certain embodiments of the method according to the invention, an induction electrical conductivity measurement sensor is used for the electrical conductivity measurement.

[0047] In certain advantageous embodiments of a method according to the invention: - a measurement of the density of said liquid to be transferred is carried out without dilution of said liquid to be transferred, - the measured density value is compared with predetermined density values ​​of said stock liquid at the determined temperature, and - the said liquid to be transferred into the said container is not transferred storage when the measured density value does not fall within a predetermined range of density values ​​of said stock liquid at the determined temperature.

[0048] These advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention provide a double technical barrier of protection against the risk of inappropriate mixing of said liquid to be transferred and said stock liquid.

[0049] The invention also relates to a method of supplying - by partial or total filling - a storage container of a liquid, called stock liquid, capable of being contained in said container, with a liquid, called liquid to be transferred, contained in a tank of a delivery motor vehicle, the storage container being a container of a fixed installation, i.e. not mobile in comparison with the delivery motor vehicle, adapted to receive the delivery motor vehicle, method in which a method according to the invention is implemented for predictive identification of a risk of inappropriate mixing of said liquid to be transferred and said stock liquid.

[0050] The invention therefore relates to a method for supplying a storage container with a liquid, called stock liquid, capable of being contained in said container, with a liquid, called liquid to be transferred, contained in a tank of a delivery motor vehicle, the storage container being a container of a fixed reception site of the delivery motor vehicle, method in which a method for predictive identification of a risk of inappropriate mixing of said liquid to be transferred and said stock liquid is implemented, identification method in which: - a measurement of electrical conductivity (o) of said liquid to be transferred is carried out without dilution of said liquid to be transferred, - the temperature of the said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is determined, - the measured electrical conductivity value is compared with predetermined electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the determined temperature, and - the said liquid to be transferred, contained in the tank of the delivery motor vehicle, is not transferred into the said storage container when the measured electrical conductivity value does not fall within a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of the said stock liquid at the determined temperature.

[0051] The supply method prevents inappropriate mixing of incompatible liquids, this inappropriate mixture being likely to cause harm to humans and / or the environment.

[0052] In some embodiments, the delivery motor vehicle comprises a plurality of tanks.

[0053] In certain embodiments: - a connection of one of the tanks of the plurality of tanks to the storage container is made, - a measurement of the electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred contained in this tank, without dilution of said liquid to be transferred and a measurement of the temperature of said liquid to be transferred are carried out, method in which said liquid to be transferred into said storage container is not transferred when the measured electrical conductivity value does not fall within the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the measured temperature.

[0054] In certain embodiments of the supply method according to the invention, the delivery motor vehicle is chosen to comprise a plurality of tanks.

[0055] In these embodiments of the supply method according to the invention, the following procedure is carried out: - to a connection of one of the tanks of the plurality of tanks to the storage container, then - to a measurement of the electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred contained in this tank, without dilution of said liquid to be transferred, and - to a measurement of the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, a method in which said liquid to be transferred is not transferred into said storage container when the measured electrical conductivity value does not fall within the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the measured temperature.

[0056] In certain embodiments of the supply method according to the invention, the transfer is carried out by activating a device for pumping said liquid to be transferred into the tank and for discharging said liquid to be transferred into the storage container.

[0057] In certain embodiments of a supply method according to the invention, said liquid to be transferred contained in the tank of the delivery motor vehicle is introduced into a fixed storage container of an unloading station. In these embodiments, the tank is connected to at least one fixed storage container by means of a conduit provided with a valve for opening / closing the conduit. Nothing prevents the valve from being a discharge pump having a inlet channel for said liquid to be transferred into the pump and an outlet channel connected to the fixed storage container, in particular of a plurality of fixed storage containers of the unloading station. In this embodiment, the pump when stopped acts as a closed valve and the pump in operation acts as an open valve. Nothing prevents the valve from being a multi-way valve having an inlet channel for said liquid to be transferred into the multi-way valve and a plurality of outlet channels, each outlet channel being connected to a fixed storage container of a plurality of fixed storage containers of the unloading station.

[0058] In certain embodiments of the supply method according to the invention, the electrical conductivity and temperature measurements of said liquid to be transferred are carried out on a pipe supplying said liquid to be transferred into the storage container.

[0059] However, nothing prevents that in certain other embodiments of the supply method according to the invention, a sample of said liquid to be transferred is taken and brought (adjusted) to a temperature between +4.8°C and +30°C, in particular to the temperature of +20°C, a measurement of the electrical conductivity of this sample - and where appropriate a measurement of the density of this sample - of said liquid to be transferred being carried out at this adjusted temperature.

[0060] The invention also relates to a delivery motor vehicle for implementing a supply method according to the invention, the delivery motor vehicle being equipped with: - at least one tank containing the said liquid to be transferred, - at least one device for measuring the electrical conductivity of said liquid to transfer, - at least one device for measuring the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, - at least one device for pumping said liquid to be transferred into the tank and for discharging said liquid to be transferred into the storage container, - at least one reader of an identifier of a storage container of said stock liquid, - a suitable computer device to be able to: • receive data transmitted by electrical conductivity and temperature measuring devices, • receive identification data from the storage container of said stock liquid, transmitted by the identifier reader, • consult a database comprising the values ​​of the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the measured temperature, • comparing the data transmitted by the electrical conductivity measuring device and the values ​​of the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the measured temperature, corresponding to the data transmitted by the identifier reader, the values ​​of the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​being stored in a database, and • activate the pumping device only when the measured electrical conductivity value falls within the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the measured temperature.

[0061] In these embodiments, the identifier carried by the storage container is chosen from the group consisting of a barcode, a matrix code - in particular a QR code - and an electronic component capable of transmitting data by radio frequency - in particular a microcircuit or an RFID or NFC ("Near-Field Communication") tag. The identifier reader is an identifier reader chosen to be able to read the data of the identifier and chosen from the group consisting of a barcode reader, a QR code reader, a reader capable of receiving data by radio frequency - in particular an RFID reader - and a reader capable of receiving data by high frequencies - in particular an NFC peripheral.

[0062] The electrical conductivity and temperature measuring devices communicate with the computing device and transmit to it the measured electrical conductivity and temperature values. The computing device interrogates a database comprising the electrical conductivity values ​​of the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the measured temperature and corresponding to the identifier of the storage container and compares the measured electrical conductivity value with the values ​​of the predetermined range. When the measured electrical conductivity value is within the predetermined range, the computing device issues a command authorizing the transfer of said liquid to be transferred into the corresponding storage container. This command may be a command to open an opening / closing valve of a conduit connecting the tank and the storage container.This command may also be a command to activate a pumping / discharge device for said liquid to be transferred into the connecting pipe between the tank and the storage container. Nothing prevents the database from comprising electrical conductivity values ​​of distinct predetermined intervals, each interval corresponding to a storage container for a stock liquid, and for the computer device to issue a command to a multi-way valve so as to transfer said liquid. liquid to be transferred into the storage container corresponding to the measured electrical conductivity value.

[0063] But the invention also extends to a method for securing a transfer of a liquid, called liquid to be transferred, into a storage container for a liquid, called stock liquid, likely to be contained in said container - that is to say a method making it possible to avoid an inappropriate mixing of said liquid to be transferred and said stock liquid in the storage container for said stock liquid, said liquid to be transferred and said stock liquid being distinct liquids and being such that their mixing is inappropriate and, where appropriate, likely to cause harm to humans and / or the environment -, method in which: - a measurement of electrical conductivity (o) of said liquid to be transferred is carried out without dilution of said liquid to be transferred, - the temperature of the said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is determined, - the measured electrical conductivity value is compared with the electrical conductivity values ​​of a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​corresponding to said stock liquid at the determined temperature, and in which - the transfer of said liquid to be transferred into said storage container is only carried out when the measured value of electrical conductivity (of said liquid to be transferred) falls within the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid contained in the container, the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid corresponding to the conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the determined temperature.

[0064] In a first embodiment of such a securing method, said stock liquid is chosen from the following fourth group of stock liquids, formed: - aqueous solutions of ferric chloride (FcC / d in mass proportion of 41% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite (NaC / Ch) in a mass proportion of 7.5%+ / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite (NaC / CF) in a mass proportion of 25% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCf) with a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in proportion mass of 30.5% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mass proportion of 20% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 50% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 40.6% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 9% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 33% + / -1%.

[0065] In a second embodiment of such a securing method, said stock liquid is chosen from the following fifth group of stock liquids, formed: - aqueous solutions of ferric chloride (FeCf3) in a mass proportion of 41% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite (NaCfO2) in a mass proportion of 7.5% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of between 95% and 98%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCf) with a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mass proportion of 30.5% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a mass proportion of 20% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HNO3) in a mass proportion of between 57% and 63%, - aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HN03) in a mass proportion of 53% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCf) in a mass proportion of 33% + / -1%. - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a mass proportion of 40.6% + / - 1%, and - aqueous solutions of nitric acid (HNO3) in a mass proportion of between 30% and 35%.

[0066] In these first and second modes of implementing such a securing method, said liquid to be transferred is chosen respectively from the fourth and fifth group of solutions.

[0067] The invention also relates to a method for predictively identifying a risk of inappropriate mixing of a liquid, called liquid to be transferred, of which a transfer into a storage container of a liquid, called stock liquid, likely to be contained in said container, is envisaged, a method for supplying a storage container and a motor delivery vehicle for implementing this method, characterized in combination by all or part of the characteristics mentioned above or below.Regardless of the formal presentation given, unless explicitly indicated otherwise, the various characteristics mentioned above or below should not be considered as closely or inextricably linked to each other, the invention being able to relate to only one of these structural or functional characteristics, or only part of these structural or functional characteristics, or only part of one of these structural or functional characteristics, or any grouping, combination or juxtaposition of all or part of these structural or functional characteristics.

[0068] Other aims, characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description which refers to the appended figures given solely as a non-limiting description of certain particular embodiments of the invention and, in which:

[0069] [Fig-1] [Fig. 1] is a flowchart illustrating a first embodiment of a method according to the invention,

[0070] [Fig.2] [Fig.2] is an illustrative flowchart of a variant of the first mode of carrying out a method according to the invention,

[0071] [Fig.3] [Fig.3] is an illustrative flowchart of a second embodiment of a method according to the invention,

[0072] [Fig.4] [Fig.4] is an illustrative flowchart of a variant of the second mode of carrying out a method according to the invention,

[0073] [Fig.5] [Fig.5] is a schematic illustration of an installation in which the first embodiment of a method according to the invention is implemented,

[0074] [Fig.6] [Fig.6] is a schematic illustration of an installation in which a variant of the first embodiment of a method according to the invention is implemented,

[0075] [Fig.7] [Fig.7] is a schematic illustration of an installation in which is implementation of the variant of the first embodiment of a method according to the invention, a flowchart of which is represented in [Fig.2],

[0076] [Fig.8] [Fig.8] is a schematic illustration of an installation in which the second embodiment of a method according to the invention is implemented,

[0077] [Fig.9] [Fig.9] is a schematic illustration of an installation in which is implementation of a first variant of the second embodiment of a method according to the invention,

[0078] [Fig. 10] [Fig. 10] is a schematic illustration of an installation in which a second variant of the second embodiment of a method according to the invention is implemented,

[0079] [Fig. 11] [Fig. 11] is a graphical representation of the variation of the electrical conductivity (o) of a first set of stock liquids as a function of temperature, and

[0080] [Fig. 12] [Fig. 12] is a graphical representation of the variation of the electrical conductivity (o) of a second set of stock liquids as a function of temperature.

[0081] When delivering a hazardous liquid, for example an acidic, alkaline, oxidizing or reducing liquid, to a delivery site and transferring this hazardous liquid from a tank of a delivery vehicle into a storage container located on the receiving site, it is appropriate to limit as much as possible - or even completely eliminate - the risk of transferring the hazardous liquid into a container separate from the container intended to receive this hazardous liquid, this separate container being likely to contain a material, in particular a liquid, incompatible with the hazardous liquid to be delivered, that is to say a material whose mixture with the hazardous liquid may be harmful to humans and / or the environment.

[0082] In a method according to the invention, an electrical conductivity measurement is carried out of said liquid to be transferred, making it possible to predictively identify, before any introduction of said liquid to be transferred into the storage container, a risk of inappropriate mixing of said liquid to be transferred and said stock liquid likely to be contained in said storage container. In a method according to the invention, this electrical conductivity measurement is carried out without diluting said liquid to be transferred prior to this measurement. Delivery is facilitated but is also secure. In a method according to the invention, the temperature of said liquid to be transferred is also determined. It can be determined by adjusting this temperature to a predetermined temperature value - for example to a temperature value of +20°C -. It can be determined by measuring the temperature of said liquid to be transferred ready to be transferred.The measured electrical conductivity value is compared with the electrical conductivity values ​​of a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the determined temperature. Transfer of said liquid to be transferred into said storage container is not carried out when the measured electrical conductivity value does not fall within this predetermined range. On the other hand, transfer of said liquid to be transferred into the storage container may be permitted when the electrical conductivity value . measured belongs to the predetermined interval of electrical conductivity values ​​at the determined temperature.

[0083] In a method according to the invention, the temperature of said liquid to be transferred is controlled and a measurement of its electrical conductivity is carried out, without any dilution of said liquid to be transferred prior to the measurement upon delivery. In certain embodiments according to the invention, an electrical conductivity (EC) measurement sensor by induction is used, comprising a first coil traversed by an electric current creating a magnetic field in said liquid to be transferred and inducing in said liquid an alternating current creating an alternating magnetic field measured by a second receiving coil and used to determine the electrical conductivity value.Such an induction sensor has a protective casing made of polymer material, for example polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), perfluoropolymer such as a perfluoroalkoxy polymer (PFA) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) allowing the measurement of electrical conduction, by immersion of the induction sensor in said liquid to be transferred without dilution of said liquid to be transferred.

[0084] Different embodiments of the method according to the invention are described below in a non-limiting manner.

[0085] A first embodiment of a method according to the invention, for predictive identification of a risk of harmful mixing of a liquid, called liquid 1 to be transferred, of which a transfer 17 into a storage container 2 is envisaged and of a liquid, called stock liquid 3, contained in this storage container 2, is shown schematically in [Fig.l]. In the embodiment shown, said liquid 1 to be transferred is contained in a tank 5 of a delivery vehicle. The tank 5 is provided with a member for connecting the tank 5 to an installation for receiving and storing said stock liquid 3 in the storage container 2. In this embodiment, a connection 7 is made between the tank 5 containing said liquid 1 to be transferred and the installation 6 for receiving and storing said liquid.During this connection, said liquid 1 to be transferred does not flow into the installation or into the storage container 2 and is maintained in the tank 8 connected to the reception and storage installation. In this first embodiment, a measurement 9 of the electrical conductivity (o) of said liquid 1 to be transferred contained in the tank 8 is carried out. A measurement 10 of the temperature of said liquid 1 to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is also carried out. The measurements 9, 10 of electrical conductivity (o) and temperature (T) are carried out without diluting said liquid 1 to be transferred. These measurements can be carried out by any suitable means. For example, the measurement 9 of electrical conductivity is carried out by means of an induction conductivity meter adapted to allow a measurement of the electrical conduction of acidic, alkaline liquids. concentrated and highly corrosive oxidants or reducers. A measurement value 11 of the electrical conductivity (oT) of said liquid 1 to be transferred at the measurement temperature (T) is determined. The determined value 11 of electrical conductivity (oT) at the temperature (T) is compared during a comparison step 12, with the values ​​of a predetermined interval 13 |oTmi" ; oTmax] of electrical conductivity values ​​at the measured temperature (T). This predetermined interval 13 |oTmi" ; oTmax] of electrical conductivity values ​​corresponds to the electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid 3 contained in the storage container 2 in which the storage of said liquid 1 to be transferred is envisaged. The predetermined interval 13 |oTmi" ; oTmax] of electrical conductivity values ​​is representative of the uncertainty of measurement of the electrical conductivity, the uncertainty of measurement of the temperature and the uncertainty of the titer of said stock liquid 3.According to certain embodiments, the predetermined interval 13 | oTmi" ; oTmax] of electrical conductivity values ​​(oT) at the measurement temperature (T) may be part of a database containing a plurality of predetermined intervals of electrical conductivity values ​​at different temperatures, for example at temperatures between 4.8°C and 30°C. This database may also include electrical conductivity data corresponding to stock liquids of storage containers distinct from the storage container 2 whose supply is envisaged. This database may be located and saved in a computing device of the reception and storage facility. It may also be a remote database, capable of being interrogated remotely by the computing device of the reception and storage facility.During the comparison step 12, it is determined whether the electrical conductivity value of said liquid 1 to be transferred, measured at the measurement temperature, is or is not within the predetermined interval |oTmi" ; oTmax], If it is determined that the electrical conductivity value of said liquid to be transferred is not within the predetermined interval 13 |oTmi" ; oTmax], the transfer of said liquid 1 to be transferred is refused 15 and this transfer is not carried out. If necessary, an alert is given. In the case where it is determined 16 that the electrical conductivity value of said liquid to be transferred is within the predetermined interval 13 |oTmi" ; oTmax], the transfer of said liquid 1 to be transferred is accepted and an opening 17 of a valve connecting the tank 5 and the storage container 2 is carried out, so that said liquid 1 to be transferred flows into the storage container 2 and supplies it with stock liquid 3'.The risk of an inappropriate or even harmful mixture occurring between said liquid to be transferred and said stock liquid 3 in the storage container is limited or even eliminated.

[0086] In this first embodiment and in the variant of this first embodiment below, the electrical conductivity (o) and the temperature of said liquid at transfer are measured in an analysis chamber formed in a connection conduit from the storage container 2 to the tank 5 of the delivery vehicle 4. The analysis chamber extends immediately downstream - in relation to the direction of flow of said liquid to be transferred, from the tank 5 and towards the storage container 2 - of the connection point of the storage container 2 to the tank 5 of a delivery vehicle 4.

[0087] A variant of the first embodiment of a method according to the invention, for predictively identifying a risk of harmful mixing of a liquid, called liquid 1 to be transferred, of which a transfer 17 into a storage container 2 is envisaged and of a liquid, called stock liquid 3, contained in this storage container 2, is shown schematically in [Fig.2]. In this variant, a delivery of said liquid 1 to be transferred is required to a delivery site 6, said liquid 1 to be transferred being one of the liquids to be transferred from a plurality of distinct liquids to be transferred. Said liquid 1 to be transferred whose delivery is requested is contained in a tank 33 of a plurality of tanks of a transport and delivery vehicle.This illustrated variant of a method according to the invention is a method, called an on-board method, for which the elements necessary for implementing the method - in particular a conductivity analysis device 38, a temperature measurement device 41, a computer device 39 for controlling the transfer, a pump 40 for delivering said liquid to be transferred and a reader 35 for identifying a storage container 2 - are on board the transport and delivery vehicle. In this variant of a method according to the invention, a step 7 of connecting the tank 33 of the delivery vehicle and the storage container 2 of said stock liquid 3 is carried out, in which the transfer of said liquid 1 to be transferred is envisaged. A tank 33 is formed connected to the storage container 2, but without liquid communication between the tank 33 and the storage container 2.During this connection step 7, an identifier 34 of the storage container 2 is read 30 by means of an identifier reader. The identifier 34 may be an identifier of the barcode or matrix code type, in particular a QR code. The identifier 34 may also be an electronic component capable of transmitting data by radio frequency - in particular microcircuits or RFID tags - or by high frequencies - in particular an NFC ("Near-Field Communication") device. The reading 30 of the identifier 34 is carried out by an identifier reader 35 adapted to be able to read the data of the identifier 34 and to match this identifier 34 with identification data 36 of the storage receptacle 2 and said stock liquid 3. The identifier reader 35 may be a barcode reader, a QR code reader or a reader capable of receiving data by radio frequency - in particular from an RFID reader.The reader 35 of the identifier 34 can also be a reader capable of receiving data. by high frequencies - in particular an NFC ("Near-Field Communication") device. The data 36 for identifying the storage container 2 can be of any type. It can be data 36 for identifying the customer, data for identifying the storage container by geolocation, data for identifying said stock liquid 3, contained in the container 2, its chemical nature, its concentration. It can advantageously be data relating to the electrical conductivity of said stock liquid 3 at the measurement temperature, in particular data relating to the variation of the electrical conductivity of said stock liquid 3 with temperature. Advantageously, the identification data 36 comprise an interval [oTmin; oTmax] of electrical conductivity values ​​representative, to within uncertainties, of the electrical conductivity value at the measured temperature of said stock liquid 3 contained in the storage container 2.

[0088] In the variant of a method according to the invention shown schematically in [Fig.2], a measurement 9 of the electrical conductivity and a measurement 10 of the temperature of said liquid 1 to be transferred contained in the tank 33 are carried out, without dilution of said liquid 1 to be transferred. Such measurements 9, 10 can be carried out in the tank 33 or at the outlet of the tank 33, in particular in a measuring chamber arranged on a connecting pipe of the tank 33 and the storage container 2. Such measurements are in particular carried out upstream of a delivery pump, that is to say in the measuring chamber interposed between the tank 33 and the delivery pump.The value 11 of electrical conductivity (oT) measured at the measurement temperature is transmitted to the computer control device 39 which carries out a comparison 12 of this value of electrical conductivity (oT) of said liquid 1 to be transferred and the values ​​of electrical conductivity at the measured temperature of an interval [oTmin; oTmax] of values ​​13 of electrical conductivity representative, to the nearest uncertainties, of the value of electrical conductivity at the measured temperature of said stock liquid 3 contained in the storage container 2. According to a first case 16, if the value of electrical conductivity (oT) of said liquid 1 to be transferred is included in this interval [oTmin; 0Tmax] 13, the discharge pump 40 is put into operation 17 and said liquid 1 to be transferred is transferred into the storage container 2 of said stock liquid 3'.According to a second case 14, if the electrical conductivity value (oT) of said liquid 1 to be transferred is not included in this interval [oTmin; 0Tmax], the transfer of said liquid 1 to be transferred is refused 15 and neither the operation of the discharge pump nor the transfer of said liquid 1 to be transferred into the storage container 2 is carried out. This variant of the first embodiment of a method according to the invention makes it possible to prevent the harmful mixing of a liquid 1 to be transferred contained in one of the tanks of the delivery vehicle and not corresponding to said stock liquid 3 contained in. storage container 2.

[0089] A second embodiment of a method according to the invention, for predictive identification of a risk of harmful mixing of a liquid, called liquid 1 to be transferred, of which a transfer 17 into a storage container 2 is envisaged and of a liquid, called stock liquid 3, contained in this storage container 2, is shown schematically in [Fig. 3]. In this second embodiment shown, said liquid 1 to be transferred is contained in a tank 5 of a delivery motor vehicle, equipped with a valve for connecting the tank 5 to a facility for receiving and storing said stock liquid 3, comprising the storage container 2. In this second embodiment shown, the tank 5 containing said liquid 1 to be transferred is not connected at this stage to the receiving and storage facility.In this second embodiment shown, before any connection, a sample 19 representative of said liquid 1 to be transferred is taken 18 for the purpose of analyzing its electrical conductivity. In particular, this analysis of the electrical conductivity of the representative sample 19 is carried out at a distance from the tank 5 of the delivery vehicle, in particular in a laboratory. In this embodiment, the temperature of the sample 19 of said liquid 1 to be transferred is adjusted 20 to a temperature, called the reference temperature, of the order of 20°C. This step 20 of adjusting the temperature of the sample of said liquid 1 to be transferred is carried out by any means. Advantageously, the temperature of the sample 19 is continuously measured until said reference temperature is reached.When the sample 19' has reached said reference temperature, a measurement 9 of the electrical conductivity (o) of the sample 19' at said reference temperature is carried out. The temperature adjustment 20 and the electrical conductivity measurement 9 are carried out without diluting the sample 19' of said liquid 1 to be transferred. These measurements can be carried out by any suitable means, as described in the first embodiment. A measurement value 28 of the electrical conductivity (oref) of said liquid 1 to be transferred at said reference temperature (Tref) is thus determined. The value 28 thus determined is compared, during a comparison step 12, to the values ​​of a predetermined interval 29 | oTmi". oTmax] of electrical conductivity values ​​at the reference temperature (T ref), of said stock liquid 3 contained in the storage container 2 in which the storage of said liquid 1 to be transferred is envisaged. The predetermined interval 29 | oTmi".oTmax] of electrical conductivity values ​​is representative of the uncertainty of measurement of the electrical conductivity, of the uncertainty of measurement of the temperature, of the uncertainty on the titer (the concentration) of said stock liquid 3. According to certain embodiments not shown, the predetermined interval 29 of electrical conductivity values ​​(o^f) at the reference temperature (Tref) of said liquid 1 to be transferred can be part of a database containing a plurality. of predetermined intervals of electrical conductivity values ​​at said reference temperature corresponding to stock liquids of storage containers distinct from the storage container 2 whose supply is envisaged. This database can be located and saved in a computer device of the reception and storage facility. It can also be a remote database, capable of being interrogated remotely by the computer device of the reception and storage facility.In the comparison step 12, it is determined whether the electrical conductivity value of said liquid 1 to be transferred at said reference temperature is or is not within the predetermined interval 29 |oT""" : oTm“], In the case where it is determined 14 that the electrical conductivity value of said liquid to be transferred is not within the predetermined interval 29, the transfer of said liquid 1 to be transferred is refused 15 and this transfer is not carried out.In the case where it is determined 17 that the electrical conductivity value of said liquid to be transferred is within the predetermined interval 29, the transfer of said liquid 1 to be transferred is accepted and a connection 7 is made of the tank 5 containing said liquid 1 to be transferred to the reception and storage installation and an opening of a valve interposed between the tank and the reception and storage installation, putting the tank 8 in communication with the storage container 2 and allowing a replenishment of the storage container 2 with stock liquid 3'. The risk of harmful mixing of incompatible liquids is reduced.

[0090] A variant of the second embodiment of the method according to the invention, for predictive identification of a risk of harmful mixing of a liquid, called liquid 1 to be transferred, of which a transfer 17 into a storage container 2 is envisaged and of a liquid, called stock liquid 3, contained in this storage container 2, is shown schematically in [Fig.4]. In this shown variant, said liquid 1 to be transferred is contained in a tank 5 of a delivery vehicle, equipped with a valve for connecting the tank 5 to a facility for receiving and storing said stock liquid 3, comprising the storage container 2. In this shown variant, the tank 5 containing said liquid 1 to be transferred is not connected at this stage to the receiving and storage facility.In this variant shown, before any connection, a sample 19 representative of said liquid 1 to be transferred is taken 18 for the purpose of measuring its electrical conductivity and its density. These measurements are carried out at a distance from the tank 5 of the delivery vehicle, in particular in a laboratory. In this variant, the temperature of the sample 19 of said liquid 1 to be transferred is adjusted 20 to a temperature, called the reference temperature, between +4.8°C and +30°C, for example of the order of 20°C, prior to any measurement. This step 20 of adjusting the temperature of the sample 19 of said liquid 1 to be transferred is carried out by any means. Avanta . ously, the temperature of the sample 19 is continuously measured until said reference temperature is reached. When the sample 19' has reached said reference temperature, a measurement 9 of the electrical conductivity (o) of the sample 19' of said liquid 1 to be transferred at said reference temperature is carried out. A measurement 21 of the density (d) and / or the volumetric mass of the sample 19' of said liquid 1 to be transferred at said reference temperature is also carried out. Such a volumetric mass measurement is carried out by any known method of weighing a known volume of said liquid 1 to be transferred. Such a measurement 21 of density and / or volumetric mass is indicative of the strength of said liquid 1 to be transferred. The temperature adjustment 20 and the measurements 9, 21 of electrical conductivity and density are carried out without diluting the sample 19, 19' of said liquid 1 to be transferred.These measurements can be carried out by any suitable means, as described in the first embodiment. A measurement value 28 of the electrical conductivity (oT) and a value 22 of density and / or volumetric mass (d) of said liquid 1 to be transferred at said reference temperature (Tref) are thus determined. These values ​​are transmitted to a safety automaton without human intervention or possible interference on the result(s) of these measurements.For example, these values ​​are transmitted to such a safety automaton, in particular to a SIL (“Safety Integrity Level”) automaton, adapted to be able to receive the measured values ​​(oT, d), to be able to compare during a comparison step 12, the measured values ​​22, 28 with the values ​​of predetermined intervals 23, 23' of electrical conductivity values ​​at the reference temperature (Tref) and of density of said stock liquid 3 contained in the storage container 2 in which the storage of said liquid 1 to be transferred is envisaged, and to be able to control, according to the results of this comparison, the opening or not of a distribution valve of said liquid 1 to be transferred into the corresponding storage container 2.According to certain embodiments not shown, the predetermined intervals 23, 23' of electrical conductivity and density values ​​at the reference temperature (Tref) of said stock liquid 3 may be part of a database containing a plurality of predetermined intervals of electrical conductivity and density values ​​at said reference temperature corresponding to stock liquids 3 of storage containers distinct from the storage container 2 whose supply is envisaged. This database may be located and saved in a computer device of the reception and storage facility. It may also be a remote database, capable of being interrogated remotely by the computer device of the reception and storage facility.During the comparison step 12, it is determined whether the electrical conductivity and density values ​​of said liquid 1 to be transferred at said reference temperature are included or not within the corresponding predetermined intervals 23,23'. In the case where it is determined 25,26,27 that at least one of the values ​​of electrical conductivity and density of said liquid to be transferred is not included in the corresponding predetermined interval 23,23', the transfer of said liquid 1 to be transferred is refused 15 and this transfer is not carried out. In the case where it is determined 17 that the value of electrical conductivity and density of said liquid to be transferred are each included in the corresponding predetermined interval 23,23', the transfer of said liquid 1 to be transferred is accepted and a connection 7 of the tank 5 containing said liquid 1 to be transferred is carried out to the reception and storage facility and an opening of a connection valve of the tank connected to the reception and storage facility, putting the tank in communication with the storage container 2 and allowing a replenishment of the storage container 2 with liquid 3' from stock.The risk of harmful mixing of incompatible liquids is reduced.

[0091] A schematic illustration of an installation extending over a delivery site 6, receiving a vehicle 4 for transporting and delivering said liquid 1 to be transferred is shown in [Fig. 5]. The installation of [Fig. 5] allows in particular the implementation of the first embodiment of a method according to the invention as illustrated in [Fig. 1]. The installation comprises at least one container 2 for storing a stock liquid 3. The storage container 2 is designed and dimensioned to be able to receive an appropriate quantity of said stock liquid 3. The material(s) forming the container is(are) adapted to be able to be kept in contact with corrosive liquids, in particular in contact with concentrated acid solutions - in particular strong acids -, with alkaline solutions or with oxidants. Generally, each storage container 2 is intended to contain a single stock liquid 3.It is therefore essential to be able to avoid the risk of mixing in the storage container 2, said stock liquid 3 contained in the container 2 and a liquid 1 to be transferred, of a nature (composition, concentration) distinct from said stock liquid 3. The installation comprises a pipe 49 for connecting the storage container 2 to the tank 5 of a transport and delivery vehicle 4. The pipe 49 has at its upstream end (in the direction of transfer of said liquid 1 to be transferred, from the tank 5 to the storage container 2) a connection 50 from the pipe 49 to an upstream unloading valve (not shown) of the tank 5. Extending downstream of the connection 50, the pipe 49 forms a measuring chamber accommodating a device 38 for measuring the electrical conductivity of said liquid 1 to be transferred present in the connection 50 and a device 41 for measuring the temperature of said liquid 1 to be transferred.The pipe 49 has a valve 45 for opening / closing the pipe 49 adapted to allow, in a first closed state of the valve 45, that said liquid 1 to be transferred fills the measuring chamber but does not flow into the storage container 2 and into a . second open state of the valve 45, that said liquid 1 to be transferred flows into the storage container 2. The electrical conductivity measuring device 38 and the temperature measuring device 41 are connected to a computer device 39 for receiving electrical conductivity measurement data at said measurement temperature and for comparative analysis of the measured electrical conductivity value at the measurement temperature and a predetermined interval of electrical conductivity values ​​at the measurement temperature, of said stock liquid 3 contained in the container 2.When the measured value of electrical conductivity at the measurement temperature corresponds to one of the values ​​of this interval, the computer device 39 transmits to the opening / closing valve 45 of the pipe 49, an instruction to switch to the second open state of the valve 45, allowing a transfer of said liquid 1 to be transferred, from the tank 5 into the storage container 2, without causing any harmful effect for humans and / or the environment. Of course, nothing prevents the pipe 49 from being equipped with a pump for discharging said liquid 1 to be transferred to the storage container 2. Nothing prevents the opening / closing valve 45 from being itself the discharge pump.

[0092] A schematic illustration of a variant of the installation of [Fig. 5] is shown in [Fig. 6]. In this variant, the installation comprises two containers 43, 44 for storing two separate stock liquids. The storage containers 43, 44 are designed and dimensioned to each receive an appropriate quantity of a single stock liquid. In this variant shown in [Fig. 6], the storage container 43 is provided with a filling pipe 49, adapted to be able to be connected by a connector 50 to the tank 5 of a transport and delivery vehicle 4. The pipe 49 is provided with a valve 45, a conductivity analysis device 38 and a temperature measurement device 41. The conductivity analysis devices 38 and 41 for temperature measurement are connected to a device 39 for controlling and piloting the valve 45.At the same time, the storage container 44 is provided with a filling pipe 49' adapted to be connected by a connector 50' to the transport and delivery vehicle 4, the pipe 49' being provided with a valve 45', a conductivity analysis device 38' and a temperature measurement device 41'. The conductivity analysis devices 38' and 41' for measuring temperature are connected to a device 39' for controlling and piloting the valve 45', separate from or combined with the control device 39. Upon arrival at the delivery site 6, the tank 5 of the delivery vehicle 4 is connected to one of the connectors 50, 50' of the filling pipes 49, 49' corresponding to the administrative data relating to the delivery of the liquid 1 to be transferred. In the installation shown in [Fig.6], the delivery vehicle 4 is connected to the filling pipe 49 communicating with the storage container 43.

[0093] That being said, nothing prevents the provision of a single filling pipe 49 equipped with a single connector 50, single conductivity analysis devices 38 and 41 for temperature measurement and a three-way valve adapted to allow: - in a first state of the three-way valve, said liquid 1 to be transferred to fill the measuring chamber but not to flow into any of the storage containers 43, 44, - in a second state of the three-way valve, said liquid 1 to be transferred can flow into only one of the storage containers 43, 44, and - in a third state of the three-way valve 46, said liquid 1 to be transferred can flow into only the other of the storage containers 43, 44. Of course, in this embodiment, it is appropriate to provide for purging and rinsing of the filling pipe 49 between two deliveries.

[0094] A schematic illustration of an installation 6 receiving a vehicle 4 for transporting and delivering said liquid 1 to be transferred is shown in [Fig.7]. The installation of [Fig.7] allows the implementation of a method according to the invention, a flowchart of which is shown in [Fig.2]. In this embodiment, the elements necessary for implementing the method, in particular the conductivity analysis device 38, the temperature measurement device 41, the computer device 39 for controlling the transfer, the pump 40 for discharging said liquid to be transferred and the reader 35 of an identifier 34 of the storage container 2 are on board the transport and delivery vehicle 32. In this embodiment, the transport and delivery vehicle 32 is equipped with a plurality of tanks 33.The transport vehicle 32 is thus autonomous to carry out a secure delivery of said liquid 1 to be transferred into the storage container 2 for said stock liquid 3. In this embodiment, the storage container 2 placed on the delivery site 6 is provided with an identifier 34 adapted to be able to be read by the identifier reader 35 carried by the transport and delivery vehicle 32. The identifier 34 may be an identifier of the barcode or matrix code type, in particular a QR code. The identifier 34 may also be an electronic component capable of transmitting data by radio frequency - in particular microcircuits or RFID tags - or by high frequencies (NFC).

[0095] A schematic illustration of an installation extending over a delivery site 6, receiving a vehicle 4 for transporting and delivering said liquid 1 to be transferred is shown in [Fig.8]. The installation of [Fig.8] allows in particular the implementation of the second embodiment of a method according to the invention, a flowchart of which is given in [Fig.3]. In the embodiment illustrated in [Fig.8], the delivery site 6 of said liquid 1 to be transferred has two containers 43, 44 for storing two separate stock liquids. The storage container 44 is provided with a filling pipe 49 adapted to be able to be connected to a vehicle 4 of transport and delivery. The pipe 49 is provided with a valve 45 and a connector 50 allowing a connection of the tank 5 of the transport vehicle 4 to the storage container 44. The storage container 43 is provided with a filling pipe 49' adapted to be able to be connected to the transport and delivery vehicle 4. The pipe 49' is provided with a valve 45' and a connector 50' allowing a connection of the tank 5 of the transport vehicle 4 to the storage container 44. The installation shown in [Fig.8] also comprises a device 47 for regulating and adjusting the temperature of a sample 19 of liquid 1 to be transferred, taken from the tank 5, to a predetermined temperature between +4.8°C and +30°C, for example of the order of +20°C. It also comprises a device 38 for analyzing conductivity. The conductivity analysis device 38 communicates with a device 39 for controlling and piloting the valves 45,45'.Upon arrival at the delivery site 6, the tank 5 of the delivery vehicle 4 is connected to one of the connections 50, 50' of the filling pipes 49, 49' corresponding to the administrative delivery data of the liquid 1 to be transferred. In the installation shown in [Fig.8], the delivery vehicle 4 is connected to the filling pipe 49 communicating with the storage container 44.

[0096] However, nothing prevents provision being made, according to an embodiment not shown, for the delivery site 6 of said liquid 1 to be transferred to have two containers 43, 44 for storing two separate stock liquids and a single pipe for connecting the storage containers to the transport and delivery vehicle 4. The connecting pipe may be equipped in series with an upstream three-way valve (depending on the direction of transfer of said liquid 1 to be transferred, from the tank 5 to the storage containers 43, 44) adapted to direct a flow rate of said liquid 1 to be transferred into the upstream storage container 43 and an opening / closing valve of the pipe 49 adapted to authorize / prohibit a flow of said liquid 1 to be transferred into the downstream storage container 43.The position of the downstream and upstream three-way opening / closing valves is controlled by the computer control device according to electrical conductivity data of said liquid 1 to be transferred received from the conductivity analysis device and predetermined intervals of electrical conductivity values ​​of each stock liquid contained in each storage container 43, 44. These predetermined data can be stored in the computer device 39 itself or be stored remotely in a remote database and can be interrogated by the computer device 39.

[0097] A schematic illustration of a variant of the installation illustrated in [Fig.8], extending over a delivery site 6, receiving a vehicle 4 for transporting and delivering said liquid 1 to be transferred is shown in [Fig.9]. In this variant, the installation comprises, in addition to a conductivity analysis device 38, a device 48 analysis of the density and / or the volume mass of the sample 19 taken and whose temperature is adjusted. Such a measurement of the density and / or the volume mass of the sample 19 is indicative of the title of said liquid 1 to be transferred. The installation then benefits from a double technical barrier. In this variant shown in [Fig.9], the installation comprises a single storage container 2. Of course, nothing prevents the installation from comprising at least two storage containers 43, 44 of two stock liquids as illustrated in [Fig. 10]. The storage container 44 is provided with a filling pipe 49, adapted to be able to be connected to a transport and delivery vehicle 4 by a connector 50. The pipe 49 is provided with a valve 45 for opening / closing the filling pipe 49, controllable by the computer control device 39.The storage container 43 is provided with a filling pipe 49' adapted to be connected to the transport and delivery vehicle 4 by a 50' connector. The pipe 49' is provided with a valve 45' for opening / closing the filling pipe 49', which can be controlled by the computer control device 39.

[0098] In these embodiments, the valves 45, 46 for opening / closing the filling pipes 49, 49' are advantageously normally closed valves.

[0099] Nothing prevents the connection pipe 49 from being equipped in series with an upstream three-way valve 46 and a downstream opening / closing valve 45 for the pipe 49 as described in [Fig.8].

[0100] That being said, nothing prevents however the provision of a single filling pipe equipped with a single connection, single conductivity analysis and temperature measurement devices and a three-way valve adapted to allow that: - in a first state of the three-way valve, said liquid 1 to be transferred fills the measuring chamber but does not flow into any of the storage containers, - in a second state of the three-way valve, said liquid to be transferred can flow into only one of the storage containers, and - in a third state of the three-way valve, said liquid to be transferred can flow into only the other of the storage containers. Of course, in this embodiment, it is appropriate to provide for purging and rinsing of the filling line between two deliveries.

[0101] [Fig. 11] is a graphical representation of the variation of the average value of electrical conductivity (o, mS / cm) as a function of the temperature of liquids, between 4.8°C and 30°C. In [Fig. 11]: - the symbol * (solid circle) corresponds to a sodium hydroxide solution in a mass proportion of 20% + / -1%, - the symbol O (open circle) corresponds to a sulfuric acid solution in mass proportion of 70% + / -1%, - the symbol ■ (solid square) corresponds to a sodium hypochlorite solution (bleach) with a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16%, - the symbol 0 (empty diamond) corresponds to a phosphoric acid solution in a mass proportion of 85% + / - 1%, and - the symbol A (solid triangle) corresponds to a solution of ferric chloride in a mass proportion of 41% + / -1%.

[0102] [Fig. 12] is a graphical representation of the variation of the average value of electrical conductivity (o, mS / cm) as a function of the temperature of liquids. In [Fig.11]: - the symbol ♦ (solid diamond) corresponds to a sodium chlorite solution in a mass proportion of 7.5% + / - 1%, - the symbol 0 (empty diamond) corresponds to a phosphoric acid solution in a mass proportion of 85% + / - 1%, - the symbol ■ (solid square) corresponds to a sodium hypochlorite solution (bleach) with a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16%, - the symbol O (open circle) corresponds to a solution of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of 70% + / -1%, - the symbol * (solid circle) corresponds to a sodium hydroxide solution in a mass proportion of 20% + / -1%, - the symbol □ (empty square) corresponds to a nitric acid solution in mass proportion between 57% and 63%, - the symbol * (star) corresponds to a hydrochloric acid solution in a mass proportion of between 30% and 35%, and - the symbol A (open triangle) corresponds to a nitric acid solution in a mass proportion of between 30% and 35%.

[0103] The numerical values ​​corresponding to figures 11 and 12 in particular are given in tables 1 to 32 below. Of course, any electrical conductivity value of a liquid solution, at a temperature between around 0°C and at least around +35°C can be extrapolated by linear regression from the following corresponding data. [Tables 1] Sodium Hypochlorite Solutions 9% to 16% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 85.900 97.647 110.784 128.431 146.078 167.476 omax, mS / cm 95.600 109.140 124.440 142.800 159.120 179.086 [Tables 2] Hydrochloric acid solutions 9% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 425.490 468.627 512.745 553.922 598.039 633.333 omax, mS / cm 442.680 487.560 533.460 576.300 622.200 658.920 [Tables 3] Hydrochloric acid solutions 25% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 529.412 582.353 622.549 665.686 714.706 765.686 omax, mS / cm 550.800 605.880 647.700 692.580 743.580 796.620 [Tables 4] Hydrochloric acid solutions 33% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 474.257 507.921 556.436 595.050 636.634 682.178 omax, mS / cm 499.800 539.580 586.500 626.280 673.200 717.060 [Tables 5] Hydrochloric acid solutions 35% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 441.176 485.294 528.431 563.725 611.765 647.059 omax, mS / cm 483.790 518.130 567.620 607.010 649.430 695.890 [Tableauxô] Hydrochloric acid solutions 30% to 35% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 445.545 490.099 533.663 569.307 617.822 653.465 omax, mS / cm 510.050 557.520 600.950 645.390 689.830 733.260 [Paintings?] Nitric acid solutions 15% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 454.902 496.078 531.373 572.549 609.804 645.098 omax, mS / cm 473.280 516.120 552.840 595.680 634.440 671.160 [Tables 8] Nitric acid solutions 25% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 575.490 620.588 669.608 716.667 759.804 807.843 omax, mS / cm 598.740 645.660 696.660 745.620 790.500 840.480 [Tables 9] Nitric acid solutions 30% to 35% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 581.373 623.529 678.431 724.510 767.647 816.667 omax, mS / cm 613.020 666.060 714.000 766.020 814.980 860.880 [Tables 10] Nitric acid solutions 53% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 436.275 479.412 521.569 561.765 602.941 646.078 omax, mS / cm 453.900 498.780 542.640 584.460 627.300 672.180 [Tableauxll] Nitric acid solutions from 57% to 63% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 380.198 421.782 457.426 491.089 531.683 560.396 omax, mS / cm 426.220 474.700 516.110 555.500 598.930 642.360 [Tables 12] Phosphoric acid solutions from 74.7% to 75.7% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 73.663 83.861 94.257 106.931 120.792 136.634 omax, mS / cm 77.366 90.395 104.030 117.160 131.300 144.430 [Tables 13] Phosphoric acid solutions 85% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm nd nd nd nd 84.902 96.470 omax, mS / cm nd nd nd 88.332 100.368 nd: not determined [Tables 14] Sulfuric acid solutions 20% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 489.216 532.353 576.471 614.706 655.882 694.118 omax, mS / cm 508.980 553.860 599,760 639,540 682,380 722,160 [Tables 15] Sulfuric acid solutions 33% to 35% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 529.412 575.490 630.39 684.314 735.294 789.216 omax, mS / cm 555.900 607.920 661.980 718.080 767.040 824.160 [Tables 16] Sulfuric acid solutions 40.6% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 509.804 564.706 614.706 670.588 725.490 784.314 omax, mS / cm 530.400 587.520 639,540 697,680 754,800 816,000 [Tables 17] Sulfuric acid solutions 50% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 377.451 424.510 462.745 502.941 550.980 595.098 omax, mS / cm 392.700 441.660 481,440 523,260 573,240 619,140 [Tables 18] Sulfuric acid solutions 70% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 146.078 164.706 183.333 205.882 231.373 252.941 omax, mS / cm 151.980 171.360 190,740 214,200 240,720 263,160 [Tables 19] Sulfuric acid solutions 95% to 98% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 63.725 73.922 83.529 95.392 104.902 117.647 omax, mS / cm 67.367 80.598 96.556 109.080 121.200 137.360 [Tables20] Sodium bisulfite solutions 38% to 40% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 63.824 74.412 85.196 97.745 109.804 122.549 omax, mS / cm 66.402 77.418 88.638 101.694 114.240 127.500 [Tables21] Solutions chlorite de sodium 25% + / - 1% T°C 4,8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 65,784 76,471 89,118 100,000 111,765 124,510 omax, mS / cm 68,442 79,560 92,718 104,040 116,280 129,540 [Tableaux22] Solutions chlorite de sodium 7,5% + / - 1% T°C 4,8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 34,020 38,235 42,353 47,451 52,549 57,647 omax, mS / cm 35,394 39,780 44,064 49,368 54,672 59,976 [Tableaux23] Solutions chlorure ferrique 41% + / - 1% T°C 4,8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 20,784 25,588 30,784 35,000 40,392 47,745 omax, mS / cm 21,624 26,622 32,028 37,500 42,024 49,674 [Tableaux24] Solutions hydroxyde de sodium 20% + / - 1% T°C 4,8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 210,784 250,000 287,255 326,471 366,667 409,804 omax, mS / cm 219,300 260,100 298,860 339,660 381,480 426,360 [Tableaux25] Sodium hydroxide solutions 30.5% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 96.078 119.608 150.980 182.353 225.490 258.824 omax, mS / cm 99.960 124.440 157.080 189.720 234.600 269.280 [Tables26] Sodium hydroxide solutions 50% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm nd nd nd 91.961 118.627 147.059 omax, mS / cm nd nd nd 95.676 123.420 153.000 nd: not determined [Tables27] Hydrogen peroxide solutions 12% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 0.070 omax, mS / cm 0.080 [Tables28] Hydrogen peroxide solutions 35% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 0.120 omax, mS / cm 0.140 [Tables29] Acetic acid solutions 100% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 0.000 omax, mS / cm 0.000 [Tables30] Acetic acid solutions 75% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 0.150 omax, mS / cm 0.160 [Tables31] Ammonia solutions 20.5% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 0.900 omax, mS / cm 1.100 [Tables32] Citric acid solutions 50% + / - 1% T°C 4.8 10 15 20 25 30 omin, mS / cm 3,000 omax, mS / cm 3,500

[0104] The electrical conductivity (o, mS / cm) of a liquid to be transferred, measured or adjusted at a determined temperature and the comparison of this electrical conductivity value with the electrical conductivity values ​​of stock liquids at this temperature, makes it possible to determine whether or not said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, corresponds to the stock liquid likely to be contained in the storage container. The risk of inappropriate mixing of incompatible liquids can be limited, or even completely eliminated.

[0105] The invention may be the subject of numerous variants and applications other than those described above. Furthermore, it goes without saying that unless otherwise indicated the different structural and functional characteristics of each of the embodiments described above should not be considered as combined and / or closely and / or inextricably linked to each other, but on the contrary as simple juxtapositions. Furthermore, the structural and / or functional characteristics of the different embodiments described above may be the subject in whole or in part of any different juxtaposition or any different combination.

Claims

Claims

1. Method for predictively identifying a risk of inappropriate mixing of a liquid, called liquid (1) to be transferred, including a transfer into a container (2) for storing a liquid, called stock liquid (3), likely to be contained in said container (2), is envisaged, method in which: - a measurement (9) of electrical conductivity (o) of said liquid (1) to be transferred is carried out without dilution of said liquid (1) to be transferred, - the temperature of said liquid (1) to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is determined (10), - the measured electrical conductivity value (11) is compared with the electrical conductivity values ​​of a predetermined interval (13) of electrical conductivity values ​​corresponding to said stock liquid (3) at the determined temperature,and - the transfer of said liquid (1) to be transferred into said storage container (2) is not carried out when the measured electrical conductivity value (9) does not belong to the interval (13) of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid (3) at the determined temperature.,

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of said liquid (1) to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is determined by a measurement of this temperature.

3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the measured temperature is between +4°C and +30°C.

4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the temperature of said liquid (1) to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is adjusted to a predetermined temperature value prior to the electrical conductivity measurement.

5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the temperature of said liquid (1) to be transferred is adjusted to a value of +20°C + / -0.1°C.

6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the temperature of said liquid (1) to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is +20°C + / - 0.1°C, in that said stock liquid (3) is chosen from a first group of stock liquids, formed: - pure acetic acid and zero electrical conductivity value at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, - aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide in a mass proportion of 12% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 0.070 mS / cm and 0.080 mS / cm, - aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide in a mass proportion of 35% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 0.120 mS / cm and 0.140 mS / cm, - aqueous solutions of acetic acid in a mass proportion of 75% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 0.150 mS / cm and 0.160 mS / cm, - aqueous ammonia solutions in a mass proportion of 20.5% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 0.900 mS / cm and 1.100 mS / cm, - aqueous solutions of citric acid in a mass proportion of 50% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of 20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 3,000 mS / cm and 3,500 mS / cm, - aqueous solutions of ferric chloride in a mass proportion of 41% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1 °C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 35,000 mS / cm and 37,500 mS / cm, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite in a mass proportion of 7.5% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1 °C, belonging to a predetermined range of conductivity values electrical conductivity values ​​between 47.451 mS / cm and 49.368 mS / cm, aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite having a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 128.431 mS / cm and 142.800 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide in a mass proportion of 30.5% + / - 1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1 °C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 182.353 mS / cm and 189.720 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of 70% + / - 1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1 °C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 205.882 mS / cm and 214.200 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide in a mass proportion of 20% + / - 1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1 °C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values of electrical conductivity between 326.471 mS / cm and 339.660 mS / cm, and of one of the solutions chosen from a second group of stock liquids, formed: • aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide in a mass proportion of 50% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 91.961 mS / cm and 95.676 mS / cm, • aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of between 95% and 98% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 95.392 mS / cm and 109.080 mS / cm, • aqueous solutions of sodium bisulfite in mass proportion of between 38% and 40% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1 °C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 97.745 mS / cm and 101.694 mS / cm, aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite in mass proportion of 25% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1 °C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 100.000 mS / cm and 104.040 mS / cm, aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid in mass proportion of between 74.7% and 75.7% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1 °C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 106.931 mS / cm and 117.160 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of nitric acid in a mass proportion of between 57% and 63% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 491.089 mS / cm and 555.500 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of 50% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 502.941 mS / cm and 523.260 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of nitric acid in a mass proportion of 53% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 561.765 mS / cm and 584.460 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid in mass proportion of 9% + / -1% and values ​​of electrical conductivity at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 553.922 mS / cm and 576.300 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of nitric acid in a mass proportion of 15% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 572.549 mS / cm and 595.680 mS / cm. of aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid in a mass proportion of 33% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 595.050 mS / cm and 626.280 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid in a mass proportion of 35% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1 °C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 563.725 mS / cm and 607.010 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of 20% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1 °C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 614.706 mS / cm and 639.540 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid in a mass proportion of 25% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 665.686 mS / cm and 692.580 mS / cm, of aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of between 33% and 35% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a pre-

7. determined electrical conductivity values ​​between 684.314 mS / cm and 718.080 mS / cm, • of aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in mass proportion of 40.6% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 670.588 mS / cm and 697.680 mS / cm, • aqueous solutions of nitric acid in a mass proportion of 25% + / -1% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 716.667 mS / cm and 745.620 mS / cm, and • aqueous solutions of nitric acid in a mass proportion of between 30% and 35% and electrical conductivity values ​​at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C, belonging to a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​between 724.510 mS / cm and 766.020 mS / cm, and in that the measured electrical conductivity value of said liquid (1) to be transferred is compared with the electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid (3) at a temperature of +20°C + / - 0.1°C. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is determined and the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred at the determined temperature is compared with the electrical conductivity values ​​of the predetermined range of conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the determined temperature, said stock liquid being chosen from a third group of stock liquids, formed: - aqueous solutions of ferric chloride in a mass proportion of 41% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite in a mass proportion of 7.5% + / -1%, aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite with a percentage of active chlorine of between 9% and 16%, aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of 70% + / - 1%, aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide in a mass proportion of 30.5% + / - 1%, aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide in a mass proportion of 20% + / - 1%, of aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of between 95% and 98%, aqueous solutions of sodium bisulfite in a mass proportion of between 38% and 40%, aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite in a mass proportion of 25% + / -1%, aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid in a mass proportion of between 74.7% and 75.7%, of aqueous solutions of nitric acid in a mass proportion of between 57% and 63%, aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of 50% + / -1%, of aqueous solutions of nitric acid in a mass proportion of 53% + / - 1%, aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid in a mass proportion of 9% + / -1%, aqueous solutions of nitric acid in a mass proportion of 15%+ / -1%, aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid in a mass proportion of between 30% and 35%, of aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of 20% + / -1%, aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid in a mass proportion of 25% + / -1%, of aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of between 33% and 35%, aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of 40.6% + / -1%, aqueous solutions of nitric acid in a mass proportion of between 30% and 35%, and

8. - aqueous solutions of nitric acid in a mass proportion of 25% + / -1%, and in that the determined temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is between +4.8°C and +30°C. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, being determined, the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred is compared with the electrical conductivity values, belonging to the predetermined range of conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the same temperature, said stock liquid is chosen from a fourth group of stock liquids formed: - aqueous solutions of ferric chloride in a mass proportion of 41% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite in a mass proportion of 7.5% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite in a mass proportion of 25% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite with a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide in a mass proportion of 30.5% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide in a mass proportion of 20% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of 50% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of 40.6% + / - 1%, - aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid in a mass proportion of 9% + / -1%, and - aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid in a mass proportion of 33% + / -1%, and in that the determined temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is between +4.8°C and +30°C.

9. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, being determined, the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred is compared with the electrical conductivity values, belonging to the predetermined range of conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the same temperature, said stock liquid is chosen from a fifth group of stock liquids formed by: - ​​aqueous solutions of ferric chloride in a mass proportion of 41% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite in a mass proportion of 7.5% + / -1%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of between 95% and 98%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite having a percentage of active chlorine of between 9% and 16%, - aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide in a mass proportion of 30,5% + / -1%, - aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions in a mass proportion of 20% + / -1%, - aqueous nitric acid solutions in a mass proportion of between 57% and 63%, - aqueous nitric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 53% + / -1%, - aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 33% + / -1%. - aqueous sulphuric acid solutions in a mass proportion of 40.6% + / - 1%, and - aqueous nitric acid solutions in a mass proportion of between 30% and 35%, and in that the determined temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is between +4.8°C and +30°C.,

10. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the temperature of said liquid to be transferred whose electrical conductivity is measured being determined, the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred is compared with the conductivity values electrical conductivity belonging to the predetermined range of conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the same determined temperature, said stock liquid being chosen from an eighth group of stock liquids, formed: - aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite with a percentage of active chlorine between 9% and 16%, - aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid in a mass proportion of between 9% and 35%, - aqueous solutions of nitric acid in a mass proportion of between 15% and 63%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of between 20% and 70%, - aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid in a mass proportion of between 95% and 98%, - aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid in a mass proportion of between 30% and 60%, - aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid in a mass proportion of less than 15%, - aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid in a mass proportion of between 74% and 85%, - aqueous solutions of ferric chloride in a mass proportion of less than 41%, - aqueous solutions of acetic acid, and - aqueous solutions of citric acid in mass proportion less than 50%, and in that the determined temperature of said liquid to be transferred, the electrical conductivity of which is measured, is between +4.8°C and +30°C. method in which said liquid to be transferred is not transferred into said storage container in each of the following first and second situations: - the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred at the determined temperature does not belong to the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the determined temperature, said stock liquid being an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite having a percentage of active chlorine of between 9% and 16%, and - the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred at the determined temperature belongs to the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite having a percentage of active chlorine of between 9% and 16% at the determined temperature, said stock liquid being distinct from an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite having a percentage of active chlorine of between 9% and 16%.

11. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the storage container of said stock liquid is a storage container of a plurality of storage containers, each storage container of this plurality of containers being intended to contain a stock liquid distinct from the stock liquids contained in the other containers of the plurality of storage containers, each container being intended to contain a stock liquid of electrical conductivity at the determined temperature - measured and between 4.8°C and 30°C or adjusted to the temperature of +20°C + / -0.1°C - included in a predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​at the determined temperature separate from the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​at the determined temperature of each of the stock liquids contained in the other containers of the plurality of storage containers,and in that no transfer of said liquid to be transferred is carried out into one of the containers of the plurality of containers, when the measured value of electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred does not belong to any of the predetermined ranges of electrical conductivity values ​​at the determined temperature of the stock liquids.,

12. Method according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that an inductive electrical conductivity measuring sensor is used for the electrical conductivity measurement.

13. Method according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: - a measurement (48) of the density of said liquid (1) to be transferred is carried out without dilution of said liquid (1) to be transferred, - the measured density value is compared to predetermined density values ​​of said stock liquid (3) at the determined temperature, and - said liquid (1) to be transferred into said storage container is not transferred when the measured density value does not fall within a predetermined range of density values ​​of said stock liquid (3) at the determined temperature.

14. Method for supplying a container (2) for storing a liquid, called stock liquid (3), capable of being contained in said container (2), with a liquid, called liquid (1) to be transferred, contained in a tank (5, 33) of a motor delivery vehicle (4, 32), the storage container being a container of a fixed installation adapted to receive the motor delivery vehicle (4, 32), method in which a method according to one of claims 1 to 13 is implemented for predictive identification of a risk of inappropriate mixing of said liquid (1) to be transferred and said stock liquid (3).

15. A method according to claim 14, characterized in that the delivery motor vehicle comprises a plurality of tanks.

16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that: - a connection of one of the tanks of the plurality of tanks to the storage container is carried out, - a measurement of the electrical conductivity of said liquid to be transferred contained in this tank, without dilution of said liquid to be transferred and a measurement of the temperature of said liquid to be transferred are carried out, method in which said liquid to be transferred is not transferred into said storage container when the measured electrical conductivity value does not belong to the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the measured temperature.

17. Delivery vehicle (4) for implementing a supply method according to one of claims 14 to 16, the delivery vehicle (4) being equipped with: - at least one tank (5) - in particular a plurality of tanks - containing said liquid (1) to be transferred, at least one device (38,38') for measuring the electrical conductivity of said liquid (1) to be transferred, at least one device (41,41') for measuring the temperature of said liquid (1) to be transferred, at least one device (40) for pumping said liquid (1) to be transferred into the tank (5) and for discharging said liquid (1) to be transferred into the storage container (2), at least one reader (35) of an identifier (34) of a container (2) for storing said stock liquid (3), a computer device (39) adapted to be able to: • receive data transmitted by the devices (38,38',41,41') for measuring the electrical conductivity and measuring the temperature of said liquid to be transferred, • receive identification data from the storage container (2) of said stock liquid (3), transmitted by the identifier (34) reader (35), • consult a database comprising the values ​​of the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid (3) at the measured temperature, • comparing the data transmitted by the electrical conductivity measuring device and the values ​​of the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the measured temperature, corresponding to the data transmitted by the identifier reader, the values ​​of the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​being stored in a database, and • activate the pumping device (40) when the measured electrical conductivity value belongs to the predetermined range of electrical conductivity values ​​of said stock liquid at the measured temperature.

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