Gearbox of a motor vehicle
A compact rotational locking system for motor vehicle gearboxes uses a translating jaw and displacement device to block drive shaft rotation, addressing the complexity and degradation issues of existing mechanisms, ensuring reliable and efficient operation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- FR2022010161
- Authority / Receiving Office
- FR · FR
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-10-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-10-04
AI Technical Summary
Existing gearboxes for motor vehicles have complex and bulky mechanisms for blocking and releasing the rotation of the drive shaft, which are prone to degradation and damage, especially when the vehicle is stationary on an inclined surface.
A compact rotational locking system for the drive shaft using a jaw that translates along a direction secant to the axis of rotation, guided by a displacement device, to block or allow rotation, reducing the risk of damage by distributing forces over multiple teeth and optimizing spatial efficiency.
The system effectively blocks the drive shaft rotation while minimizing damage and space requirements, ensuring reliable operation and reduced wear on the locking mechanism.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Title of the invention: Gearbox of a motor vehicle
[0001] The present invention falls within the field of gearboxes intended to equip an electric or thermal engine of motor vehicles, and relates more particularly to so-called “automatic” gearboxes.
[0002] Such gearboxes have different operating modes, including a mode allowing the vehicle to move when the vehicle is moving and a vehicle immobilization mode in which the gearbox prevents the vehicle from moving. More specifically, when the gearbox is in the mode allowing the vehicle to move, the gearbox transfers energy from the engine to the vehicle's wheels, thereby causing the vehicle to move. When the gearbox is in the vehicle immobilization mode, the gearbox blocks the rotation of a shaft connected to the vehicle's engine, preventing the vehicle from moving.
[0003] For this, it is known to equip the gearbox with a member for blocking the rotation of the shaft having a tooth which is inserted into a hollow of a toothed wheel secured to the shaft, the insertion of the tooth into the toothed wheel causing the rotation of the shaft to be blocked.
[0004] A disadvantage of the known system lies in the fact that the locking member is actuated by a complex and bulky mechanism, in order to lock and / or release the rotation of the toothed wheel.
[0005] Furthermore, the cooperation between the toothed wheel and the tooth can cause damage to said tooth when the vehicle is, for example, stationary, on a road surface with an inclination, such as on a hill. The force exerted against the tooth of the locking member by a notch of the toothed wheel when the tooth and notch come into contact with each other can cause the tooth of the locking member to break.
[0006] The present invention proposes a solution to the various problems set out above and thus relates to a gearbox comprising a compact rotation locking system for a drive shaft while reducing the risk of damage to said rotation locking system.
[0007] In this context, the main subject of the present invention is a gearbox intended to equip a motor vehicle, the gearbox comprising at least one housing, a drive shaft driven in rotation about an axis of rotation and extending in a housing delimited by the housing, the drive shaft comprising at least one toothing arranged at one of the axial ends of the drive shaft, the gearbox comprising a system for locking the rotation of the drive shaft cooperating with the toothing to lock the rotation of the drive shaft, characterized in that the rotation locking system comprises at least at least one jaw, at least one member for guiding the jaw in translation along a direction secant to the axis of rotation and a device for moving the jaw between a first position allowing rotation of the drive shaft around the axis of rotation and a second position in which the jaw cooperates with the teeth to block rotation of the drive shaft around the axis of rotation.
[0008] According to the invention, the jaw, in particular when it is in the second position with the teeth of the drive shaft, cooperates with the teeth in order to block the rotation of the drive shaft. The use of a jaw, coupled to a translational guide member and to a system for moving said jaw, makes the blocking of the rotation of the drive shaft more reliable. In addition, the fact that, on the one hand, the jaw passes from the first position to the second position by a translational movement, that is to say along a direction secant to the axis of rotation of the drive shaft, and on the other hand, that the movement of the jaw is carried out by the moving device, reduces the risks of degradation, or even the risks of breakage of the rotational blocking system.
[0009] The term "jaw" means a member whose function is to grip the teeth of the drive shaft, in particular by simultaneously engaging several teeth of the drive shaft. Gripping the teeth on the one hand promotes the interaction between the jaw and the teeth and on the other hand reduces the risk of damage to the rotation locking system of the drive shaft.
[0010] Moving the jaw by translation from the first position to the second position, and vice versa, also facilitates the interaction between said jaw and the teeth while reducing the space required to block the rotation of the drive shaft.
[0011] According to an optional characteristic of the invention, the jaw comprises a first portion provided with at least one tooth cooperating with the teeth and a second portion provided with at least one lug cooperating with the displacement device.
[0012] According to another optional feature of the invention, the first portion of the jaw is provided with several teeth cooperating with the toothing. The cooperation of several teeth of the jaw with the toothing is particularly clever in that, during the interaction between the jaw and the toothing, the forces linked to the rotational locking are distributed over several teeth, thus limiting the risk of damage to the teeth. In addition, in the event of damage to one of the teeth, the rotational locking of the shaft can continue to be achieved by the other teeth of the jaw.
[0013] According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the jaw is a first jaw of the rotation locking system, said rotation locking system comprising a second jaw cooperating with the teeth of the drive shaft, the guide member and the displacement device. The second jaw is for example of identical conformation to that of the first jaw.
[0014] According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the at least one tooth carried by the first portion of the first jaw and the at least one tooth carried by the first portion of the second jaw each extend parallel to the axis of rotation.
[0015] According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the first portion of the first jaw and the first portion of the second jaw each have an internal face radially oriented towards the axis of rotation of the drive shaft and an external face radially oriented towards the outside.
[0016] According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the internal face of each of the jaws is provided with at least one tooth intended to cooperate with the toothing, the latter being arranged on an external radial surface of the drive shaft.
[0017] According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the external face of each of the jaws is provided with at least one tooth intended to cooperate with the toothing, the latter being arranged on an internal radial surface of the drive shaft.
[0018] According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the displacement device comprises a crown comprising at least one spiral rib intended to cooperate with the jaw. The term "spiral rib" means that the rib extends from an outer edge of the crown towards the center of the crown, forming a curve describing revolutions around a point, getting closer and closer to the center of the crown. Advantageously, the axis of rotation passes through the center of the crown, the spiral rib extending around the axis of rotation.
[0019] According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the lug of the jaw cooperates with the spiral rib in order to cause the jaw to move along the direction secant to the axis of rotation. The lug is advantageously housed between two portions of the spiral rib in order to drive the jaw in translation.
[0020] According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the guide member allows the translation of the jaw along the direction secant to the axis of rotation by blocking the rotation of said jaw around the axis of rotation.
[0021] According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the guide member comprises a slide taking the form of a groove delimited by the housing.
[0022] According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the guide member comprises a guide block participating in delimiting at least in part the slide.
[0023] According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the rotation locking system comprises an actuator of the movement device, the actuator being configured to drive the movement device in rotation around the axis of rotation.
[0024] According to another optional characteristic of the invention, the actuator drives the crown around the axis of rotation, the crown driving the jaw in translation. along the direction secant to the axis of rotation between the first position and the second position.
[0025] Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description which follows on the one hand, and several exemplary embodiments given for informational and non-limiting purposes with reference to the appended schematic drawings on the other hand, in which:
[0026] [Fig-1] is a section of a gearbox according to the invention comprising a rotation locking system for a drive shaft;
[0027] [Fig.2] is an exploded view of the gearbox rotation locking system shown in [Fig.l];
[0028] [Fig.3] is a section of a first example of embodiment of the locking system in rotation shown in [Fig.2];
[0029] [Fig.4] is a section of a second example of the embodiment of the locking system in rotation shown in [Fig.2].
[0030] The features, variants and different embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other, in various combinations, provided that they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive. In particular, variants of the invention may be imagined comprising only a selection of features described below in isolation from the other features described, if this selection of features is sufficient to confer a technical advantage and / or to differentiate the invention from the prior art.
[0031] In the figures, the elements common to several figures retain the same reference.
[0032] In [Fig.l] is partially illustrated a gearbox 1 according to the invention intended to equip a motor vehicle by cooperating for example with a thermal or electric engine of said vehicle. The gearbox 1 interacts with the engine in order to transmit the energy generated by the engine to the wheels of the vehicle, via a drive shaft 2 which extends at least partly into the gearbox.
[0033] The gearbox 1 is advantageously automatic, that is to say that the gearbox 1 automatically adapts the gear engaged according to the engine torque requested by a driver of the vehicle. However, the gearbox 1 according to the invention can also be a so-called “manual” gearbox 1, where the gear change is operated by the use of a clutch, without this departing from the scope of the invention.
[0034] The gearbox 1 generally comprises a vehicle parking mode, in which mode the gearbox 1 blocks the rotation of the drive shaft 2 in order to block the vehicle.
[0035] As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the gearbox 1 comprises at least one housing 4, the drive shaft 2 driven in rotation about an axis of rotation A while extending in a housing delimited by the housing 4. The housing 4 thus participates in housing at least in part the drive shaft 2, but can also participate in housing other elements of the gearbox, such as the gearing or the torque converter when it is an automatic gearbox.
[0036] The drive shaft 2 extends along the axis of rotation A, having two axial ends. Between these two axial ends, the drive shaft 2 comprises a gear 6 coupled to a pinion 8 illustrated more particularly in [Fig.l], the pinion 8 being driven in rotation by the drive shaft 2 so as, for example, to transmit an engine torque to the wheels of the vehicle.
[0037] The drive shaft 2 comprises at least one toothing 10 arranged at one of the axial ends of the drive shaft 2. The gearbox 1 further comprises a system 12 for locking the rotation of the drive shaft 2 cooperating with the toothing 10 to lock the rotation of the drive shaft 2, the toothing 10 taking the form of a set of teeth arranged angularly one after the other, delimiting a notch between each of the teeth.
[0038] The rotation locking system 12 cooperates with the teeth of the toothing 10 of the drive shaft 2 in order to block the rotation of said drive shaft 2, simultaneously immobilizing the vehicle.
[0039] As illustrated in [Fig. 3], the drive shaft 2 is a hollow cylindrical tube 14 which has an external radial surface 16 facing at least a portion of the housing 4 and an internal radial surface 18 participating in delimiting an internal space 20 of the drive shaft 2.
[0040] According to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, the teeth 10 of the drive shaft 2 extend into the internal space 20 of the drive shaft 2, projecting from the internal radial surface 18. It is understood that, in this first exemplary embodiment of the invention, the rotation locking system 12 extends at least partly into the internal space 20 of the drive shaft 2 so as to cooperate with the teeth 10 of the drive shaft 2.
[0041] According to a second exemplary embodiment of the invention illustrated in [Fig. 4], the teeth 10 of the drive shaft 2 extend towards the outside of the drive shaft 2, from the external radial surface 16. It is understood that, in this second exemplary embodiment of the invention, the rotation locking system 12 extends at least partly around the drive shaft 2 to cooperate with the teeth 10 of the drive shaft 2.
[0042] Whatever the embodiment, the rotation locking system 12 comprises at least one jaw 22, at least one guide member 24 of the jaw 22 in translation along a direction secant to the axis of rotation A and a device 26 for moving the jaw 22 between a first position allowing the rotation of the drive shaft 2 around the axis of rotation A and a second position in which the jaw 22 cooperates with the teeth 10 to block the rotation of the drive shaft 2 around the axis of rotation A. It is particularly clever to use a jaw 22 driven in translation to cooperate or not with the teeth 10 of the drive shaft 2 because, on the one hand, this makes it possible to limit a spatial size of the assembly, and on the other hand, to optimize the cooperation between the jaw 22 and the teeth 10 and thus increase the mechanical resistance of the connection between the drive shaft 2 and the locking system 12, while reducing the risk of degradation of the latter.
[0043] The rotation locking system 12 comprises an actuator 28 of the displacement device 26, the actuator 28 being configured to drive the displacement device 26 in rotation about the axis of rotation A. According to an exemplary embodiment, such an actuator is electric, pneumatic or hydraulic. When it is electric, it may be a direct current motor or a stepper motor.
[0044] We will now describe the different constituent elements of the rotation locking system 12, starting with the description of the jaw 22 with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, before describing the cooperation of each of these constituent elements of the rotation locking system 12 with each other.
[0045] As particularly visible in [Fig. 2], the jaw 22 comprises a first portion 30 provided with at least one tooth 32 cooperating with the toothing 10 of the drive shaft and a second portion 34 provided with a lug 36 cooperating with the displacement device 26. The first portion 30 advantageously extends along a direction parallel to the axis of rotation A, the second portion 34 extending perpendicularly to the first portion 30. The first portion 30 has a face which follows a curve over an angular sector of between 30° and 180°. Several teeth 32 project radially from this face.
[0046] According to the example illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, the first portion 30 of the jaw 22 is provided with several teeth 32 cooperating with the toothing 10. It is understood that the teeth 32 of the jaw 22 cooperate with the toothing 10 by being housed in the notches delimited by the teeth of the toothing 10. The cooperation of several teeth 32 of the jaw 22 with the toothing 10 is particularly clever in that, during the interaction between the jaw 22 and the toothing 10, the forces linked to the rotational locking are distributed over several teeth 32, thus limiting the risk of damage to the teeth 32. In addition, in the event of damage to one of the teeth 32, the rotational locking of the shaft can continue to be achieved by the other teeth 32 of the jaw 22.
[0047] Furthermore, the jaw 22 described previously is a first jaw 22a of the system of rotational locking system 12, said rotational locking system 12 comprising a second jaw 22b cooperating with the teeth 10 of the drive shaft 2, the guide member 24 and the displacement device 26. It is thus understood that the rotational locking system 12 comprises two jaws 22 arranged one opposite the other relative to the rotation axis A, the two jaws 22 having similar characteristics.
[0048] In the remainder of the description, the term “jaw 22” may indifferently refer to the first jaw 22a and / or to the second jaw 22b, the characteristics described with regard to the jaw 22 may qualify one and / or the other of the first and second jaws 22b.
[0049] The use of two jaws 22 is particularly clever in that the rotational locking of the drive shaft 2 is controlled simultaneously by two elements, distributing the forces in play on the two jaws 22.
[0050] Advantageously, the first portion 30 of the first jaw 22a and the first portion 30 of the second jaw 22b each extend parallel to the axis of rotation A.
[0051] In addition, the first portion 30 of the first jaw 22a and the first portion 30 of the second jaw 22b each have an inner face radially oriented towards the axis of rotation A of the drive shaft 2 and an outer face radially oriented towards the outside. It is understood that at least one of the faces of the first portions of the first jaw 22a and of the second jaw 22b is opposite one of the radial surfaces 16, 18 of the drive shaft 2.
[0052] The second portion 34 of the first jaw 22a and the second portion 34 of the second jaw 22b extend respectively opposite each other along the same direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation A from, respectively, the first portion 30 of the first jaw 22a and the first portion 30 of the second jaw 22b. According to an alternative of the invention, the second portion 34 of the first jaw 22a and the second portion 34 of the second jaw 22b extend respectively from the first portion 30 of the first jaw 22a and the second portion 34 of the second jaw 22b towards each other along the same direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation A.
[0053] Furthermore, the teeth 32 of each of the jaws 22 extend in the direction of the teeth of the toothing 10 in order to cooperate with the latter. It can be defined that each of the teeth 32 of the jaws 22 and of the toothing 10 take the form of a rib advantageously extending along a direction parallel to the axis of rotation A. In addition, two neighboring teeth 32 of the jaws 22 participate in delimiting a groove also extending along a direction parallel to the axis of rotation A. In this arrangement, the teeth 32 of the jaw 22 are housed in the notches delimited by the teeth of the toothing 10 while the teeth of the toothing 10 are housed in the grooves delimited by the teeth 32 of the jaws 22. The cooperation of the teeth 32 of the jaws 22 and the toothing 10 thus blocks the rotation of the drive shaft 2 around the axis of rotation A.
[0054] According to the first embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figures 2 to 3, a radially external face of each of the jaws 22 is provided with teeth 32 intended to cooperate with the toothing 10, the latter being arranged on an internal radial surface 18 of the drive shaft 2.
[0055] According to the second embodiment of the invention illustrated in [Fig. 4], a radially internal face of each of the jaws 22 is provided with teeth 32 intended to cooperate with the toothing 10, the latter being arranged on an external radial surface 16 of the drive shaft 2.
[0056] The second portion 34 of the jaw 22 comprises, and as particularly visible in FIGS. 3 and 4, the lug 36 cooperating with the displacement device 26 of the rotational locking system 12. The lug 36 extends along a direction parallel to the axis of rotation A from the second portion 34 towards the displacement device 26. Advantageously, the lug 36 extends opposite the drive shaft 2 relative to the first portion 30 of the jaw 22.
[0057] As particularly visible in [Fig. 2], the displacement device 26 comprises a crown 38 comprising at least one spiral rib 40 intended to cooperate with the jaw 22. The crown 38 here takes the form of a substantially discoidal wall, having a front face 42 facing the jaw 22 and a rear face 44 oriented opposite the drive shaft 2 relative to the jaw 22.
[0058] The spiral rib 40 here projects from the front face 42 of the crown 38 in the direction of the jaw 22. Alternatively, the spiral rib 40 can take the form of a groove made in the crown 38 and which opens on its front face 42.
[0059] The spiral rib 40 extends from a radially outer edge of the crown 38 towards the center thereof, forming a curve describing revolutions around a point, getting closer and closer to the center of the crown 38. The spiral rib 40 winds more precisely around the axis of rotation A.
[0060] The spiral rib 40 participates in delimiting a spiral groove 46 in which the lug 36 of the jaw 22 can move. In other words, the lug 36 of the jaw 22 extends between two portions of the spiral rib 40 through the spiral groove 46.
[0061] According to the invention, the lug 36 of the jaw 22 cooperates in the spiral rib 40 in order to cause the displacement of the jaw 22 along the direction secant to the axis of rotation A. More precisely, when the crown 38 is driven in rotation about the axis of rotation A, said crown 38 drives the jaw 22 in translation along a direction secant to the axis of rotation A. Depending on the direction of rotation of the crown 38, the jaw(s) 22 move away from or towards the drive shaft 2.
[0062] When the crown 38 includes a groove formed in its thickness, the lug 36 of the jaw 22 is housed there and can be driven in translation in a direction radial to the axis of rotation A.
[0063] The crown 38 further comprises a drive member 48, visible in Figures 3 and 4, taking the form of a pin projecting from the rear face 44 of the crown 38 and intended to cooperate with the actuator 28 of the rotational locking system 12. More precisely, the actuator 28 comprises an orifice 50 cooperating with the drive member 48 of the crown 38 so that the drive member 48 is housed in the orifice 50. However, a rotational locking system 12, in which the crown 38 would comprise the orifice 50 and the actuator 28 would comprise the drive member 48, would not depart from the scope of the invention.
[0064] The guide member 24 has the function of guiding the jaw 22 in translation along a direction secant to the axis of rotation A of the drive shaft 2, while preventing its rotation around the axis of rotation A.
[0065] According to the example illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, the guide member 24 comprises a slide 52 taking the form of a groove delimited by the housing 4. More precisely, it is the second portion 34 of the jaw 22 which is housed in the slide 52, the latter being produced in a wall of the housing 4. Advantageously, the slide 52 is configured to provide sliding guidance of the jaw 22 along a direction secant to the axis of rotation A, and thus to block the rotation of said jaw 22 around the axis of rotation A.
[0066] According to an alternative of the invention, the guide member 24 comprises a guide block participating in delimiting at least in part the slide 52. The guide block is for example fixed on the housing 4, the jaw 22 being configured to slide in translation while being guided by the guide block.
[0067] As mentioned previously, the jaw 22 is movable in translation between a first position allowing the rotation of the drive shaft 2 and a second position in which the jaw 22 cooperates with the teeth 10 to block the rotation of the drive shaft 2 around the axis of rotation A. In other words, when the jaw 22 is in the first position, the teeth 32 of the jaw 22 do not cooperate with the teeth 10 of the drive shaft 2 while, when the jaw 22 is in the second position, the teeth 32 of the jaw 22 cooperate with the teeth 10 in order to block the rotation of the drive shaft 2.
[0068] In order for the jaw 22 to move from the first position to the second position, the actuator 28 drives the ring 38 in rotation about the axis of rotation A in a first direction of rotation, the ring 38 then driving the jaw 22 in translation along the direction secant to the axis of rotation A from the first position to the second position. More precisely, the actuator 28 drives the ring 38 in rotation about the axis of rotation A by the interaction of the member drive 48 housed in the orifice 50 of the actuator 28. The crown 38, for its part, drives the translation of the jaw 22 along the direction secant to the axis of rotation A, in particular by cooperation between the lug 36 of the jaw 22 and the spiral rib 40 of the crown 38 and by cooperation between the jaw 22 and the slide 52.
[0069] In the second position, the jaw 22 cooperates with the teeth 10 to block the rotation of the drive shaft 2, the teeth 32 of the jaw 22 being housed in the notches delimited by the teeth of the teeth 10 and the teeth of the teeth 10 being housed in the grooves delimited by the teeth 32 of the jaw 22.
[0070] In the first embodiment of the invention illustrated in [Fig. 3], the crown 38 causes the jaws 22 to move from the first position to the second position by moving the first jaw 22a and the second jaw 22b away from each other along the direction secant to the axis of rotation A, each of the jaws 22 approaching the internal radial surface 18 of the wall of the drive shaft 2.
[0071] In the second embodiment of the invention illustrated in [Fig. 4], the crown 38 drives the jaws 22 in movement from the first position to the second position by bringing the first jaw 22a and the second jaw 22b closer to each other along the direction secant to the axis of rotation A, each of the jaws 22 approaching the external radial surface 16 of the wall of the drive shaft 2.
[0072] To unlock the rotation of the drive shaft 2, the jaw 22 moves from the second position to the first position. For this, the actuator 28 drives the ring gear 38 in rotation around the axis of rotation A in a second direction of rotation, opposite to the first direction of rotation mentioned above, the ring gear 38 then driving the jaw 22 in translation along the direction secant to the axis of rotation A from the second position to the first position.
[0073] In the first embodiment of the invention illustrated in [Fig. 3], the crown 38 causes the jaws 22 to move from the second position to the first position by bringing the first jaw 22a and the second jaw 22b closer to each other along the direction secant to the axis of rotation A, each of the jaws 22 moving away from the internal radial surface 18 of the wall of the drive shaft 2.
[0074] In the second embodiment of the invention illustrated in [Fig. 4], the crown 38 causes the jaws 22 to move from the second position to the first position by moving the first jaw 22a and the second jaw 22b away from each other along the direction secant to the axis of rotation A, each of the jaws 22 moving away from the external radial surface 16 of the wall of the drive shaft 2.
[0075] As a reminder, the present invention aims to propose a gearbox 1 comprising a system 12 for locking the rotation of a drive shaft 2, said system 12 for locking the rotation of a drive shaft comprising at least one jaw 22 capable of being movable in translation between a first position allowing rotation of the shaft and a second position blocking the rotation of the shaft. The use of a jaw 22 thus makes it possible to optimize the rotational blocking of the drive shaft 2 while reducing the risk of damage to the rotational blocking system 12.
[0076] The present invention cannot, however, be limited to the means and configurations described and illustrated here and it also extends to any equivalent means and configuration as well as to any technically operative combination of such means.
Claims
Claims
1. Gearbox (1) intended to equip a motor vehicle, the gearbox (1) comprising at least one housing (4), a drive shaft (2) driven in rotation about an axis of rotation (A) and extending in a housing delimited by the housing (4), the drive shaft (2) comprising at least one toothing (10) arranged at one of the axial ends of the drive shaft (2), the gearbox (1) comprising a system (12) for locking the rotation of the drive shaft (2) cooperating with the toothing (10) to lock the rotation of the drive shaft (2), the system (12) for locking the rotation comprises at least one jaw (22),at least one guide member (24) for the jaw (22) in translation along a direction secant to the axis of rotation (A) and a device (26) for moving the jaw (22) between a first position allowing rotation of the drive shaft (2) around the axis of rotation (A) and a second position in which the jaw (22) cooperates with the teeth (10) to block rotation of the drive shaft (2) around the axis of rotation (A), characterized in that said moving device (26) comprises a crown (38) comprising at least one spiral rib (40) intended to cooperate with the jaw (22).,
2. Gearbox (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the jaw (22) comprises a first portion (30) provided with at least one tooth (32) cooperating with the teeth (10) and a second portion (34) provided with at least one lug (36) cooperating with the displacement device (26).
3. Gearbox (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the jaw (22) is a first jaw (22a) of the rotation locking system (12), said rotation locking system (12) comprising a second jaw (22b) cooperating with the teeth (10) of the drive shaft (2), the guide member (24) and the displacement device (26).
4. Gearbox (1) according to claims 2 and 3, wherein the at least one tooth carried by the first portion (30) of the first jaw (22a) and the at least one tooth carried by the first portion (30) of the second jaw (22b) each extend parallel to the axis of rotation (A).
5. Gearbox (1) according to any one of claims 3 and 4, in which the first portion (30) of the first jaw (22a) and the first portion (30) of the second jaw (22b) each have an internal face radially oriented towards the axis of rotation (A) of the drive shaft (2) and an external face radially oriented towards the outside.
6. Gearbox (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the internal face of each of the jaws (22) is provided with at least one tooth (32) intended to cooperate with the toothing (10), the latter being arranged on an external radial surface (16) of the drive shaft (2).
7. Gearbox (1) according to any one of claims 5 or 6, wherein the external face of each of the jaws (22) is provided with at least one tooth (32) intended to cooperate with the toothing (10), the latter being arranged on an internal radial surface (18) of the drive shaft (2).
8. Gearbox (1) according to the preceding claim in combination with claim 2, wherein the lug (36) of the jaw (22) cooperates in the spiral rib (40) in order to cause the movement of the jaw (22) along the direction secant to the axis of rotation (A).
9. Gearbox (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the guide member (24) allows the translation of the jaw (22) along the direction secant to the axis of rotation (A) by blocking the rotation of said jaw (22) around the axis of rotation (A).
10. Gearbox (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the guide member (24) comprises a slide (52) taking the form of a groove delimited by the housing (4).
11. Gearbox (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the rotation locking system (12) comprises an actuator (28) of the displacement device (26), the actuator (28) being configured to drive the displacement device (26) in rotation around the axis of rotation (A).