Rapidly installed photovoltaic infrastructure

Abstract

Title: Rapid Installation Photovoltaic Infrastructure The invention relates to a photovoltaic infrastructure (100) comprising a frame (200) supporting a photovoltaic structure (300), characterized in that the frame (200) comprises a lower portion (210) intended to rest on the ground, an upper portion (220) intended to be rotationally mounted on the lower portion (210), and in that the lower portion (210) comprises at least three feet (211), each having a receiving and rotational guiding element for the upper portion (220) on the lower portion (210). Figure for the abstract: Fig. 1

Description

Description Title of the invention: Photovoltaic infrastructure with installation fast

[0001] — The field of the invention is that of the design and manufacture of infra- photovoltaic structures.

[0002] — More specifically, the invention relates in particular to a photo- quick-install voltaic.

[0003] = Such a photovoltaic infrastructure is particularly intended to follow the de- placement of the sun to enable the production of electrical energy over a day complete or almost.

[0004] = Conventionally, a photovoltaic infrastructure comprises a frame on on which a photovoltaic structure is mounted.

[0005] — The photovoltaic structure comprises: a support formed by an assembly of profiles defining a surface of support, and photovoltaic panels, together defining a surface area of blanket.

[0006] — The photovoltaic structure is mounted movably on the frame so as to ensure its inclination relative to the ground on which the frame rests.

[0007] Furthermore, to allow the photovoltaic structure to follow the movement of the sun, the frame is movable relative to the ground on which it rests.

[0008] More specifically, the frame is mounted on at least one rail forming a track circular or arc-shaped, the rail(s) being installed on a concrete slab.

[0009] = The installation of such a photovoltaic infrastructure requires a significant amount of time and represents a significant cost which can lead to the abandonment of the project for financial reasons.

[0010] — The installation time is explained in particular by the fact that the pouring of the slabs of concrete requires earthworks which involve: a field study to define the dimensions of the concrete slab; a excavation of the ground; a concrete pour with the prior installation of a reinforcement structure necessarily, and drying of the slab before installation of the photovoltaic infrastructure.

[0011] = Furthermore, when excavating the ground, legislation requires evacuation and treatment of extracted land.

[0012] = In addition, the drying time can generally last from 3 weeks to 2 months in depending on climatic conditions, this time not being compressible. We then understand that in addition to the cost of installing photovoltaic infrastructure, the installation time is relatively long. Furthermore, following the field study, it may turn out that the installation of a photovoltaic infrastructure is impossible. This then requires restarting all the stages of searching for a location and studying the positioning of the photovoltaic infrastructure based on a potential identified location. The invention aims in particular to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art. More specifically, the invention aims to propose a photovoltaic infrastructure which is quick to install and whose installation and maintenance costs are reduced compared to existing solutions. The invention also aims to provide such an infrastructure which can be installed on any type of ground, or almost. The invention further aims to provide such a photovoltaic infrastructure whose energy consumption is lower than that of the prior art for a similar or larger size. These objectives, as well as others which will appear subsequently, are achieved thanks to the invention which relates to a photovoltaic infrastructure comprising a frame carrying a photovoltaic structure, characterized in that the frame comprises a lower portion intended to rest on a ground, an upper portion intended to be mounted for rotation on the lower portion, and motor means intended to rotate the upper portion on the lower portion, and in that the lower portion comprises at least three feet each having a first end by which they are in contact with the ground and a second end by which the three feet are connected to each other, and in that each foot also comprises, at its second end, a member for receiving and guiding in rotation the upper portion on the lower portion. Such a photovoltaic infrastructure has the advantage of being installed more quickly than prior art infrastructures. In fact, thanks to the lower portion of the reinforcement, it is possible to do without a concrete slab. From then on, it is no longer necessary to wait for the earthworks to be completed to install the photovoltaic infrastructure. In addition, it reduces installation costs since earthworks are no longer necessary. In addition, the installation of the photovoltaic infrastructure is simplified since a pre-installation operation can be carried out in the factory, thus avoiding carry out the adjustment and positioning adjustment, in situ, of the upper portion on the lower portion, so as to ensure their relative rotational movement. Finally, the transport of the photovoltaic infrastructure to its installation site is simplified since each foot can be transported independently of the others, which limits the need for an exceptional convoy which can be relatively expensive and complex to set up. According to an advantageous aspect, the receiving and guiding members form an annular shoulder, and the lower portion carries a ring having an annular groove intended to receive said annular shoulder. The cooperation between the annular groove and the annular shoulder is a reliable solution over time, which limits maintenance. Furthermore, the receiving and guiding members and the ring may be made of, or at the very least covered with, a material having a low coefficient of friction. According to another advantageous aspect, the motor means comprise a main motor secured to the lower portion and coupled to a toothed wheel, and the upper portion incorporates a toothed crown intended to cooperate with said toothed wheel. According to an advantageous embodiment variant, the motor means comprise a main motor secured to the upper portion and coupled to a toothed wheel, and the lower portion incorporates a toothed crown intended to cooperate with said toothed wheel. Such architectures make it easier to access the main engine for maintenance. In addition, such architectures allow mass to be kept in a low position, which promotes the resistance of the photovoltaic infrastructure to wind-induced forces. According to another advantageous aspect, the photovoltaic structure is mounted to rotate on the upper portion of the frame. This allows only the photovoltaic structure to be moved according to the position of the sun, which limits the energy consumption of the photovoltaic infrastructure. According to another advantageous aspect, the upper portion of the frame comprises means for tilting the photovoltaic structure. The tilting means make it possible to optimize the position of the photovoltaic structure according to the position of the sun. Thus, by optimizing the position of the photovoltaic structure, the production efficiency of the photovoltaic infrastructure is improved. According to another advantageous aspect, the tilting means comprise a secondary motor located in a lower part of the upper portion and elements of transmission connecting the secondary motor to the photovoltaic structure. The position of the secondary motor in a lower part of the upper portion makes it possible to limit the weight in the upper part of the infrastructure, benefiting the stability of the photovoltaic infrastructure. In addition, the position of the secondary engine in a lower part of the upper portion makes it easier to maintain, since a technician does not have to climb the upper portion to reach the secondary engine, or use a nacelle which would increase maintenance costs. According to another advantageous aspect, the first ends of the feet of the lower portion form a first plane and the second ends of the feet of the lower portion form a second plane, the first plane and the second plane being distant from each other. Such an architecture allows partial burial of the lower portion of the reinforcement while keeping the second end above ground for easy access. In addition, this allows all the machines needed for electricity production to be positioned under the lower portion of the frame, thus protecting them. According to another advantageous aspect, the lower portion and the upper portion are formed by mechanically welded assembly of tubes. The use of a mechanically welded assembly of tubes makes the frame strong while limiting its weight. According to another advantageous aspect, the first end of each leg has a connection interface to a weight intended to ballast the lower portion of the frame. When the lower portion of the frame is not buried, this helps ensure the stability of the photovoltaic infrastructure. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, given as illustrative and non-limiting examples, and the appended drawings described below. [Fig.1] [Fig.1] is a schematic representation in top view of a photovoltaic infrastructure according to the invention. [Fig.2] [Fig.2] is a schematic representation in side view of a lower portion of a frame of the photovoltaic infrastructure according to the invention, according to a first use case. [Fig.3] [Fig.3] is a schematic representation in side view of a lower portion of the frame of the photovoltaic infrastructure according to the invention, according to a second use case. [Fig.4] [Fig.4] is a schematic representation in longitudinal section of a upper portion of the frame of the photovoltaic infrastructure according to the invention, according to a first use case. [Fig.5] [Fig.5] is a schematic representation in perspective from above of a photovoltaic structure of the photovoltaic infrastructure according to the invention. [Fig.1] illustrates a 100 photovoltaic infrastructure according to the invention. Infrastructure 100 includes: a 200 frame, a photovoltaic structure 300 mounted on the frame 200. More specifically, the frame 200 carries the photovoltaic structure 300. The photovoltaic structure 300, as will be described below with reference to [Fig. 5], comprises a plurality of solar panels 310 mounted on a metal lattice formed by crosspieces 320 and side members 330. The frame 100 comprises a lower portion 210 and an upper portion 220. The upper portion 220 is carried by the lower portion 210. [Fig.2] and [Fig.3] illustrate the lower portion 210 of the frame 200 while [Fig.4] illustrates the upper portion 220. The frame 200 also comprises motor means 230 intended to rotate the upper portion 220 on the lower portion 210. The lower portion 210 is intended to rest on a floor $. According to a first use illustrated by [Fig.2], the lower portion 210 of the frame 200 rests directly on bare ground S. By bare soil S, it is understood that no work of the soil has been carried out except for possible weeding. In other words, the soil S has not been dug and / or leveled. According to a second use illustrated by [Fig.3], the lower portion 210 of the frame 200 rests directly on worked soil S. By worked soil S, it is understood that soil work has been carried out to at least partially bury the reinforcement 200. As an illustrative example, a recess has been created in the ground S so that the lower portion 210 of the reinforcement 200 is housed there and then covered, for example with earth or sand. Alternatively, the lower portion 210 could be covered with earth or sand, without any excavation being carried out. This allows in particular the installation of the infrastructure 100 in a desert for example. The lower portion 210 comprises at least three feet 211. In the embodiment illustrated by [Fig.1], the lower portion 210 has six feet 211 of which only five are visible. As illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, each leg 211 has a first end 212, by which it is in contact with the ground S, and a second end 213, by which it is connected to the other feet 211. More specifically, as illustrated by Figures 1 to 3, the feet 211 are arranged such that they extend in a star shape from a center in which a part of the upper portion 220 is received, as explained below. With reference to [Fig.2] and [Fig.3], the first ends 212 of the feet 211 of the lower portion 210 form a first plane P1 and the second ends 213 of the feet 211 of the lower portion 210 form a second plane P2. As illustrated, the first plane P1 and the second plane P2 are distant from each other. The second plane P2 is located above the first plane Pl relative to the ground S. This allows the lower portion 210 to form a means of raising the upper portion 220 relative to the ground S. With reference to [Fig.2] and [Fig.3], each foot 211 also comprises, at its second end 213, a member 214 for receiving and guiding in rotation the upper portion 220 on the lower portion 210. The receiving and guiding members 214 form an annular shoulder 215. To allow its rotation on the lower portion 210, the upper portion 220 carries a ring 221 having an annular groove 222 intended to receive the annular shoulder 215 of the receiving and guiding members 214. By being housed in the annular groove 222, the shoulder 215 of each foot 211 makes it possible both to guide the upper portion 220 in rotation and to block it in translation along the axis of rotation. In other words, each shoulder 215 forms a sector of a ring defining an annular track for guiding the rotation of the upper portion 220. The upper portion 220 can thus rotate around a first axis Al perpendicular to the first plane P|, that is to say to the ground S. To allow rotation of the upper portion 220 on the lower portion 210, around the first axis A1, the motor means 230 comprise a main motor 231 coupled to a toothed wheel 232, and a toothed crown 233. The toothed crown 233 is intended to cooperate with the toothed wheel 232. According to a first embodiment, the main motor 231 is integral with the lower portion 210, and the toothed crown 233 is integrated into the upper portion 220. In this case, and as illustrated by figures 2 and 3, the toothed crown 233 is carried by the ring 221. Conversely, according to a second embodiment, the main motor 231 is integral with the upper portion 220, and the toothed crown 233 is integrated into the lower portion 210. Means of control can also be provided. These means of enslavement include, for example, at least: a position sensor; a light sensor, and a central unit. The position sensor is intended to acquire positioning data of the upper portion 220 relative to the lower portion 210, then to transmit them to the central unit. The light sensor is designed to acquire light data and then transmit it to the central unit. Such a light sensor can thus enable the sun to be tracked based on the amount of light it captures. The central unit is configured to drive the main motor 231 to rotate the upper portion 220 relative to the lower portion 210, after receiving data from the position sensor and the brightness sensor. As illustrated by Figures 1 to 4, the lower portion 210 and the upper portion 220 of the frame 200 are formed by mechanically welded assembly of tubes. This provides good mechanical resistance to stresses, for example the dead weight of the infrastructure 100 and stresses due to weather conditions (wind and rain in particular), while limiting the total weight of the infrastructure 100. Furthermore, as illustrated by [Fig. 2], the first end 212 of each foot 211 has an interface 216 for connection to a weight 240. The weight 240 is intended to ballast the lower portion 210 of the frame 200. According to one embodiment, each connecting interface 216 is connected to an individual weight 240 which may be formed by a concrete block. According to a second embodiment, each weight 240 may be formed by a tank intended to be filled with water or sand. Alternatively, each connecting interface 216 is connected to a single weight 240 taking the form of a ring made of metallic material. Such a ring also makes it possible to stiffen the lower portion 210 of the frame 200. With reference to [Fig.4], the photovoltaic structure 300 is mounted to rotate on the upper portion 220 of the frame 200. More particularly, the photovoltaic structure 300 is rotatably mounted on the upper portion 220 along a second axis 2. The second axis A2 extends perpendicular to the first axis A1 and parallel to the first plane P1. This allows the photovoltaic structure 300 to be tilted depending on the location of the photovoltaic infrastructure 100 and / or the position of the sun. Depending on the need, the inclination of the photovoltaic structure 300 can be evolving over time, for example during a daily production cycle. For this, the upper portion 220 of the frame 200 comprises tilting means 400 of the photovoltaic structure 300. With reference to [Fig. 4], the tilting means 400 comprise a secondary motor 410 located in a lower part of the upper portion 220 and transmission elements 420 connecting the secondary motor 410 to the photovoltaic structure 300. More specifically, the transmission means 420 comprise: a worm screw 421 coupled to the secondary motor 410; a carriage 422 mounted movably on the worm screw 421, and a connecting rod 423 providing the connection between the carriage 422 and a slide 424 slidingly mounted on the photovoltaic structure 300. More precisely, the slider 424 is slidably mounted on at least one of the side members 330 of the photovoltaic structure 300. The connecting rod 423 is rotatably mounted on the carriage 422 and on a connecting rod 425 which is rotatably mounted on the slide 424, along axes of rotation parallel to the second axis A2. The connecting rod 425 is also rotatably mounted on the upper portion 220 of the frame 200. When the secondary motor 410 is activated, it drives the worm screw 421 in rotation. The carriage 422, constrained by its connection with the connecting rod 423, then moves along the worm screw 421. As it moves on the worm screw 421, the carriage 422 transmits its movement to the slide 424 via the connecting rod 423 and the connecting rod 425. This then causes the photovoltaic structure 300 to rotate relative to the upper portion 220 of the frame 200, around the second axis A2. Depending on the direction of rotation of the worm screw 421, the carriage 422 moves away from or towards the secondary motor 410, which causes a movement towards the photovoltaic structure towards a substantially horizontal position or, conversely, towards a substantially vertical position. As illustrated by [Fig.4], the rotation of the photovoltaic structure 300 around the second axis A2 is not carried out at the center of the photovoltaic structure 300. Indeed, the point of rotation of the photovoltaic structure is offset relative to the center of the photovoltaic structure 300 so as to allow the photovoltaic structure 300 to move from an inclined position to a rest position, also called a safety position, in which the photovoltaic structure 300 extends substantially horizontally, that is to say parallel to the ground S, or almost. As illustrated by [Fig. 4], the upper portion 220 of the frame 200 carries a damper 426 intended to absorb the impact of the photovoltaic structure 300 on the frame 200 when the photovoltaic structure 300 reaches its rest position. The shock absorber 426 may comprise a metal cage secured to the upper portion 220 of the frame 200, housing a rubber block. Upon impact of the photovoltaic structure 300 on the frame 200, the rubber block elastically deforms to absorb the kinetic energy of the movement of the photovoltaic structure 300 to its rest position. [Fig.5] illustrates a feature of the photovoltaic structure 300. To facilitate the mounting of the solar panels 310, at least some of the side members 330 are mounted to move in translation on the cross members 320, as symbolized by the arrows F1 in [Fig.5]. Thus, the space between two adjacent side members 330 can be enlarged to allow the positioning of the solar panels 310. Means for locking the side members 330 in position on the cross members 320 may also be provided. For example, the locking means may take the form of screws for tightening the side members 330 on the cross members 320. Other ad hoc locking means may be used. According to a particular embodiment, the crosspieces 320 can be made from sheets having cutouts or from an assembly of several profiles defining a tubular structure, in order to reduce their weight. The first axis A1 and the second axis A2 are perpendicular to each other and form, with a third axis perpendicular to the first axis A1 and the second axis A2, a direct orthonormal trihedron. In this trihedron, the second axis A2 and the third axis define a plane parallel to the first plane PI. When the term "perpendicular" is used in this description, it is understood that it takes into account functional clearances and manufacturing tolerances. Thus, if the term "perpendicular" refers to an angle of 90°, it encompasses angle values ​​at least between 88° and 92°, or even more depending on a deflection taken by longitudinal elements under the effect of their own weight.

Claims

Claims

1. Photovoltaic infrastructure (100) comprising a frame (200) carrying a photovoltaic structure (300), characterized in that the frame (200) comprises a lower portion (210) intended to rest on a ground (S), an upper portion (220) intended to be rotatably mounted on the lower portion (210), and motor means (230) intended to rotate the upper portion (220) on the lower portion (210), and in that the lower portion (210) comprises at least three feet (211) each having a first end (212) by which they are in contact with the ground (S) and a second end (213) by which the three legs (211) are connected to each other, and in that each foot (211) also comprises, at its second end (213), a receiving and rotational guidance of the upper portion (220) on the lower portion lower (210).

2. Photovoltaic infrastructure (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the receiving and guiding members (214) form an annular shoulder (215), and the upper portion (220) carries a ring (221) having an annular groove (222) intended to receive said annular shoulder (215).

3. Infrastructure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims- preceding, characterized in that the motor means (230) comprise a main motor (231) secured to the lower portion (210) and coupled to a toothed wheel (232), and the upper portion (220) incorporates a toothed crown (233) intended to cooperate with said toothed wheel (232).

4. Infrastructure (100) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the motor means (230) comprise a main motor (231) secured to the upper portion (220) and coupled to a toothed wheel (232), and the lower portion (210) incorporates a crown (233) toothed intended to cooperate with said toothed wheel (232).

5. Infrastructure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims- preceding, characterized in that the photovoltaic structure (300) is mobile rotation mount on the upper portion (220) of the frame (200).

6. Infrastructure (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that that the upper portion (220) of the frame (200) comprises tilting means (400) of the photovoltaic structure (300).

7. Infrastructure (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that that the tilting means (400) comprise a secondary motor (410) located in a lower part of the upper portion (220) and transmission elements (420) connecting the secondary motor (410) to the photovoltaic structure (300).

8. Infrastructure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims- preceding, characterized in that the first ends (212) of the feet (211) of the lower portion (210) form a first plane (P1) and the second ends (213) of the feet (211) of the lower portion (210) form the second plane (P2), the first plane (P1) and the second plane (P2) being distant from each other.

9. Infrastructure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims- preceding, characterized in that the lower portion (210) and the portion upper (220) are formed by mechanically welded assembly of tubes.

10. Infrastructure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims- preceding, characterized in that the first end (212) of each foot (211) has an interface (216) for connection to a weight (240) intended to ballast the lower portion (210) of the frame (200).