Pre-assembly for floor joists and joists

Abstract

The invention relates to a pre-assembly (1) for a joist-floor slab comprising: - a plurality of prefabricated joists (2), - a plurality of formwork slabs (3) interposed between two prefabricated joists (2), - at least two spacers (12) arranged between the two said adjacent prefabricated joists (2), each spacer comprising a first end in contact with one of the two adjacent prefabricated joists (2) and a second end of the spacer being in contact with the other of the two adjacent prefabricated joists (2), the two said spacers (12) being spaced from each other in the longitudinal direction (L), - at least two fixing devices (13) configured to hold the prefabricated joists (2) in position. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a joist floor using such a pre-assembly (1). Figure for the abstract: 7

Description

Title of the invention: Pre-assembly for floor joists and joists Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of concrete floors of the joist-block type, and to methods of manufacturing these floors as well as formwork joists or interjoists used in association with prefabricated joists for the production of these floors. Technological background

[0002] It is known, in particular from document FR2961227, to produce floors, for example of buildings or individual houses, by using prefabricated beams arranged parallel to each other at a substantially constant spacing to produce a network of parallel beams. Formwork slabs are then arranged between the beams to close the gap between them.

[0003] Once the formwork slabs are positioned, concrete is poured on site to form the beam-slab type concrete floor.

[0004] This type of floor has the advantage of having a much lower carbon footprint than a concrete floor using a solid concrete slab. In fact, the quantity of concrete used in a joist-block type concrete floor is much lower than that of a solid concrete slab floor.

[0005] However, the concrete floor of the beam-slab type has the disadvantage of being difficult to handle during installation. In fact, each prefabricated beam weighs between several tens of kilos and a few hundred kilos, which makes handling and installation by operators difficult. Each of the beams is installed one by one, which makes installation difficult, tedious and prone to errors regarding spacing. Summary of the invention

[0006] One idea behind the invention is to simplify the installation and manufacture of concrete floors of the beam-slab type.

[0007] According to one embodiment, the invention provides a pre-assembly for joist flooring comprising: - a plurality of prefabricated beams extending parallel in a longitudinal direction, two adjacent prefabricated beams of the plurality of prefabricated beams being spaced apart by an assembly pitch, each prefabricated beam comprising a heel, - a plurality of formwork slabs interposed between two prefabricated beams adjacent to the plurality of prefabricated beams, each formwork slab comprising a central part and two oblique parts framing the central part on two sides and respectively coming to bear on the heel of the two said adjacent prefabricated beams, - at least two spacers arranged between the two said adjacent prefabricated beams extending in a transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, each spacer comprising a first end in contact with one of the two adjacent prefabricated beams and a second end in contact with the other of the two adjacent prefabricated beams, the two said spacers being spaced from each other in the longitudinal direction, - at least two fixing devices configured to hold the prefabricated beams in position.

[0008] Thanks to these characteristics, the pre-assembly makes it possible to make a plurality of beams integral with the corresponding formwork slabs so as to greatly facilitate the installation and handling of the manufacture of concrete floors of the beam-slab type. Indeed, by connecting with fixing devices a plurality of prefabricated beams together with a preset assembly pitch and already positioned formwork slabs, it is possible to significantly facilitate the installation using a handling machine, for example a crane, and the manufacture of beam-slab floors as well as greatly limit the installation and handling time. The spacers make it possible to provide transverse rigidity to the pre-assembly in order to maintain the assembly pitch after fixing while avoiding excessive stress on the formwork slabs.

[0009] According to embodiments, such a pre-assembly may comprise one or more of the following characteristics.

[0010] According to one embodiment, one of the fixing devices is arranged in line with one of the spacers.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the at least two fixing devices are arranged in line with the spacers.

[0012] According to one embodiment, a handling space is left free in the longitudinal direction between one of the spacers and one of the formwork slabs adjacent to said spacer.

[0013] Thus, the handling space makes it easier to introduce a handling member of a handling machine in order to move the pre-assembly.

[0014] According to one embodiment, the pre-assembly comprises a handling space near each of the spacers.

[0015] According to one embodiment, a handling space is left free in the longitudinal direction between two adjacent formwork slabs.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the plurality of prefabricated beams comprises N prefabricated beams, with N a natural integer greater than or equal to 3, each prefabricated beam being spaced from the adjacent prefabricated beam(s) of the plurality of prefabricated beams by said assembly pitch, the formwork slabs being arranged in N1 parallel rows extending in the longitudinal direction, each row of formwork slabs being interposed between two adjacent prefabricated beams of the plurality of prefabricated beams.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the formwork slabs have a dimension in the transverse direction greater than a dimension of the spacers in the transverse direction.

[0018] Thus, the formwork slabs are slightly compressed when the fixing devices are put in place so as to help keep the formwork slabs in position during handling.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the oblique part of the formwork slabs is fixed, for example by gluing, to the heel of the prefabricated beam.

[0020] Thus, fixing the formwork slabs to the heels helps to keep the formwork slabs in position during handling.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the prefabricated beams are made of reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the fixing device is a strapping, for example a metal or plastic strapping, extending in the transverse direction and arranged around at least the heels of the prefabricated beams.

[0023] Indeed, for example for a prestressed concrete beam the strapping is located all around the prefabricated beams as a whole while for a reinforced concrete beam, the strapping is located all around only the heel of the prefabricated beams.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the fixing device or the strapping is arranged all around the prefabricated beams.

[0025] According to one embodiment, the formwork slabs are made of concrete, wood, plastic or polystyrene.

[0026] The formwork slab can thus be made of cellular concrete, wood chipboard, or even of a material with a good thermal insulation coefficient such as expanded polystyrene.

[0027] According to one embodiment, the spacers are made of concrete, metal, wood or plastic.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method for manufacturing a joist floor, in which the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: - lift and move at least one of the aforementioned pre-assemblies using handling equipment, - place the pre-assembly on a support surface, - remove the fixing devices and spacers, - fill the spaces left free when removing the spacers using formwork blocks, - pour a concrete slab on the assembly formed by the prefabricated beams and the formwork slabs.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the pre-assembly comprises a handling space which is left free in the longitudinal direction between one or each of the spacers and one of the formwork slabs adjacent to said spacer.

[0030] According to one embodiment, during the lifting and moving step, a handling member of the handling machine is inserted into the handling space of the pre-assembly or the handling spaces of the pre-assembly.

[0031] According to one embodiment, during the filling step, the handling space, or the handling spaces, and the spaces left free during the removal of the spacers are filled using formwork slabs. Brief description of the figures

[0032] The invention will be better understood, and other aims, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the following description of several particular embodiments of the invention, given solely for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, with reference to the appended drawings.

[0033] [Fig. 1] shows in cross-section in the transverse direction a plurality of prefabricated beams with formwork slabs according to a first embodiment variant.

[0034] [Fig.2] represents in section in the transverse direction a pre-assembly according to a first embodiment, comprising in particular the plurality of prefabricated beams with the formwork slabs according to the first embodiment variant of [Fig.l].

[0035] [Fig. 3] shows in cross-section in the transverse direction a plurality of prefabricated beams with formwork slabs according to a second embodiment variant.

[0036] [Fig.4] shows in section in the transverse direction a pre-assembly according to a second embodiment, comprising in particular the plurality of prefabricated beams with the formwork slabs according to the second embodiment variant of [Fig.1].

[0037] [Fig.5] represents in perspective the step of lifting and moving a pre- assembly by a handling machine.

[0038] [Fig.6] represents in perspective the introduction of handling members into the handling spaces of a pre-assembly. Description of the embodiments

[0039] A pre-assembly 1 for producing concrete floors of the beam-slab type will be described below with reference to figures 1 to 6.

[0040] [Fig.l] represents a plurality of prefabricated beams 2 with formwork slabs 3 according to a first embodiment variant.

[0041] The prefabricated beams 2 are, in this variant, made of prestressed concrete and extend in a longitudinal direction L parallel to each other. The prefabricated beams 2 are spaced from each other by a predefined assembly pitch 4 in a transverse direction T, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L depending on the transverse dimension of the formwork slabs 3.

[0042] The prefabricated beams 2 have a heel 5 and a projection 6 arranged on the heel 5 so as to form, in the first variant of [Fig.l], beams with a T-section.

[0043] The formwork slabs 3 comprise a flat central part 7 and two oblique parts 8 framing the central part 7 on two sides. Each oblique part 8 comes to bear respectively on the heel 5 of the two adjacent prefabricated beams 2 between which the formwork slab 3 is positioned.

[0044] The formwork slabs 3 are here produced by molding, for example, chipboard or plastic.

[0045] In the example shown in [Fig.l], four prefabricated beams 2 are spaced two by two from the assembly pitch 4. The formwork slabs 3 are arranged between the prefabricated beams 2 so as to form three parallel rows extending in the longitudinal direction L.

[0046] In other embodiments not shown, the number of beams 2, and therefore a fortiori of rows of formwork slabs 3, may be different, for example between two and ten.

[0047] In another embodiment not shown, the formwork slab 3 can also be produced as described in document FR2961227.

[0048] [Fig.2] represents a pre-assembly 1 according to a first embodiment with prefabricated beams 2 and formwork slabs 3 according to the first variant.

[0049] In order to facilitate the handling and manufacture of the joist and slab floors, the prefabricated joists 2 and the formwork slabs 3 are pre-assembled in their assembled state to form a pre-assembly 1, for example in the factory to then be moved to the site on which a floor joist slab is to be manufactured. Pre-assembly 1 saves considerable assembly time on site and facilitates the installation of the pre-fabricated joists 2 which are already spaced apart from each other by the assembly step 4 with the formwork slabs 3 also already arranged.

[0050] To produce this pre-assembly 1, and as visible in [Fig.l], spacers 12 are arranged between two adjacent prefabricated beams 2 extending in the transverse direction T. Each spacer 12 has a first end in contact with one of the two adjacent prefabricated beams 2 and a second end in contact with the other of the two adjacent prefabricated beams 2. As also visible in [Fig.5], for two adjacent prefabricated beams 2, the pre-assembly 1 comprises two spacers 12 spaced from each other in the longitudinal direction L.

[0051] The spacing between two spacers 12 may for example be greater than one third, or greater than one half, of the longitudinal dimension of the prefabricated beam 2.

[0052] The spacers 12 can be arranged symmetrically on either side of the prefabricated beams 2 in the longitudinal direction L in order to balance the preassembly during handling.

[0053] Due to the T-section of the prefabricated beams 2, the spacers 12 may have ends in the transverse direction T each having a shape complementary to the prefabricated beam 2 so as to match the shape of the prefabricated beam when held in position.

[0054] In other embodiments not shown, for two adjacent prefabricated beams 2, the pre-assembly 1 may comprise more than two spacers 12 spaced two by two in the longitudinal direction L, for example three in number.

[0055] The spacers 12 make it possible to provide transverse rigidity to the pre-assembly 1 in order to maintain the assembly pitch 4 after fixing while avoiding excessive stress on the formwork slabs 3.

[0056] In order to hold the spacers 12, the prefabricated beams 2 and the formwork slabs 3 together in position, the pre-assembly 1 comprises two fixing devices 13 arranged in line with the spacers 12. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2, the fixing device 12 is produced in the form of a metal strapping which extends in the transverse direction T and which is located all around the assembly formed by the spacers 12, the prefabricated beams 2 and the formwork slabs 3 so as to enclose them and hold them in position.

[0057] In other embodiments not shown, the number of fixing devices 13 could be greater and in particular greater than the number of spacers, so that at least one fixing device is not located at the right of a spacer.

[0058] The fixing device 12 could be produced in other forms as long as it allows the spacers 12, the prefabricated beams 2 and the formwork slabs 3 to be held in position together.

[0059] In this variant shown in [Fig.2], the spacer 12 has a thickness equal to the cumulative thickness of the heel 5 and the projection 6 of the prefabricated beam 2. Thus, the strapping 13 advantageously rests on an upper face and on a lower face of the spacer 12.

[0060] The formwork slabs 3 can advantageously be glued to the heel 5 of the prefabricated beams 2 and / or can be compressed in the transverse direction T when fixing the fixing devices 13. In order to allow this compression, it can be provided that the transverse dimension of the formwork slabs 3 is slightly greater, for example of the order of a few millimeters, than the transverse dimension of the spacers 12.

[0061] [Fig. 3] represents a second embodiment variant which differs from the first embodiment variant described in relation to [Fig. 1] in that the prefabricated beams 2 and the formwork slabs 3 are made differently.

[0062] Indeed, in this second variant, the prefabricated beams 2 are made of reinforced concrete, namely with a heel 5 made of concrete and a projection 6 made using metal reinforcements, for example in the form of an arch or in the form of a lattice, metal reinforcements may also be present in the heel 5.

[0063] In the second variant and as illustrated in [Fig. 3], the formwork slabs 3 are made of cellular concrete. Therefore, the central part 7 here forms an upper skin and the formwork slab 3 also comprises a lower skin 9 and connected to the central part 7 using partitions 10 which delimit with the oblique parts 8 cells 11.

[0064] In other embodiments not shown, elements shown in Figures 1 and 3 can be combined in various ways. For example, the prefabricated reinforced concrete beam 2 can be coupled with the molded formwork slab 3. In the same way, the prefabricated prestressed concrete beam can be coupled with the cellular concrete formwork slab 3.

[0065] [Fig.4] represents a second embodiment of the pre-assembly 1 applied to the second variant represented in [Fig.2].

[0066] As for the first embodiment, spacers 12 and strappings 13 are used to hold the prefabricated beams 2 in position with the formwork slabs 3. However, due to the use in this embodiment of prefabricated beams 2 made of reinforced concrete, the spacers 12 and the strappings 13 are made differently. Indeed, the spacer 12 here has a thickness equal to the thickness of the heel 5 of the prefabricated beams. In addition, since the projection 6 of the prefabricated beams is in this variant produced by the metal reinforcements, the strapping 13 can be arranged so as to pass between the different metal reinforcements and come to enclose only the heels 5 of the prefabricated beams 2 as shown in [Fig.4],

[0067] Figures 5 and 6 show a pre-assembly which is moved using a handling machine 14 equipped with a handling member 15.

[0068] In order to facilitate handling, the pre-assembly 1 may advantageously comprise a handling space 16 which is left free in the longitudinal direction L between each spacer 12 and one of the formwork slabs 3 adjacent to the spacer 12, as visible in figures 5 and 6. Thanks to this handling space 16, the handling members 15, such as the U-shaped hook visible in [Fig.6], can be easily introduced into the pre-assembly 1 to secure handling.

[0069] The handling member 15 may for example be in the form of a hook or in the form of a sling. Other handling members could also be used.

[0070] Thus, the pre-assembly 1 can be lifted and moved by advantageously introducing the handling members 15 into the handling spaces 16 and then be placed on a support surface on which the floor is to be installed.

[0071] Once the pre-assembly 1 is in the desired position, the fixing devices 13 and the spacers 12 can be removed. In addition, the handling spaces 16 and the spaces left free when the spacers 12 were removed are filled using formwork slabs 3 so as to complete the different rows. The concrete slab can then be poured onto this assembly formed from the prefabricated beams 2 and the formwork slabs 3.

[0072] Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is quite obvious that it is in no way limited thereto and that it includes all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these fall within the scope of the invention.

[0073] The use of the verb “comprise”, “comprise” or “include” and its conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of other elements or other steps than those stated in a claim.

[0074] In the claims, any reference sign in parentheses cannot be interpreted as a limitation of the claim.

Claims

Claims

1. Pre-assembly (1) for joist floor slabs comprising: - a plurality of prefabricated joists (2) extending parallel in a longitudinal direction (L), two adjacent prefabricated joists (2) of the plurality of prefabricated joists (2) being spaced apart by an assembly pitch (4), each prefabricated joist (2) having a heel (5), - a plurality of formwork slabs (3) interposed between two adjacent prefabricated joists (2) of the plurality of prefabricated joists (2), each formwork slab (3) having a central portion (7) and two oblique portions (8) framing the central portion (7) on two sides and respectively bearing on the heel (5) of the two said adjacent prefabricated joists (2), - at least two spacers (12) arranged between the two said adjacent prefabricated beams (2) extending in a transverse direction (T) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L),each spacer comprising a first end in contact with one of the two adjacent prefabricated beams (2) and a second end in contact with the other of the two adjacent prefabricated beams (2), the two said spacers (12) being spaced from each other in the longitudinal direction (L), - at least two fixing devices (13) configured to hold the prefabricated beams (2) in position, in which one of the fixing devices (13) is arranged in line with one of the spacers (12).,

2. Pre-assembly (1) according to claim 1, in which a handling space is left free in the longitudinal direction (L) between one of the spacers (12) and one of the formwork slabs (3) adjacent to said spacer.

3. Pre-assembly (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the plurality of prefabricated beams (2) comprises N prefabricated beams (2), with N a natural integer greater than or equal to 3, each prefabricated beam (2) being spaced from the adjacent prefabricated beam(s) (2) of the plurality of prefabricated beams (2) by said assembly pitch (4), the formwork slabs (3) being arranged in Nl parallel rows extending in the longitudinal direction (L), each row of formwork slabs (3) being interposed between two adjacent prefabricated beams (2) of the plurality of prefabricated beams (2).

4. Pre-assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the formwork slabs (3) have a dimension in the transverse direction (T) greater than a dimension of the spacers (12) in the transverse direction (T).

5. Pre-assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which the oblique part of the formwork slabs (3) is fixed to the heel (5) of the prefabricated beam (2).

6. Pre-assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which the prefabricated beams (2) are made of reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete.

7. Pre-assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which the fixing device is a strapping extending in the transverse direction (T) and arranged around at least the heels (5) of the prefabricated beams (2).

8. Pre-assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, in which the formwork slabs (3) are made of concrete, wood, plastic or polystyrene.

9. Pre-assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the spacers (12) are made of concrete, metal, wood or plastic.

10. Method for manufacturing a joist floor, in which the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: - lifting and moving at least one pre-assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9 using a handling machine (14), - placing the pre-assembly (1) on a support surface, - removing the fixing devices (13) and the spacers (12), - filling the spaces left free when removing the spacers (12) using formwork blocks (3), - pouring a concrete slab on the assembly formed by the prefabricated joists (2) and the formwork blocks (3).

11. Method for manufacturing a joist floor according to claim 10, in which the pre-assembly (1) comprises a handling space (16) which is left free in the longitudinal direction (L) between one of the spacers (12) and one of the formwork slabs (3) adjacent to said spacer, and in which during the lifting and moving step a handling member (15) of the handling machine (14) is inserted into the handling space (16) of the pre-assembly (1).

12. Method for manufacturing a joist floor according to claim 11, in which during the filling step, the handling space (16) and the spaces left free during the removal of the spacers (12) are filled using formwork joists (3).

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