vehicle or vehicle component having an aerodynamically profiled body consisting of pivoting and sliding side frames and rear doors in which one or two flaps can be opened

Abstract

The invention relates to a land transport structure, for example a truck or a truck trailer, comprising at least two vertical walls and a horizontal wall extending in a longitudinal direction and a transverse rear face delimiting a loading space, characterized in that the longitudinal vertical walls end in at least one frame 6 pivoting on the last sliding upright 2 and that the rear doors are each cut along a vertical axis into 2 or 3 parts which can be positioned in 3 different arrangements to optimize the aerodynamics depending on the load.The pivoting frame consists of a rolling system on the floor 9, a locking system on the floor 10 and on the roof 15, a vertical tensioning system of the sliding wall and a horizontal tensioning system 21 of the sliding wall, a load retention system 16 and can slide to allow lateral loading of the transport structure. The invention can be adapted to existing vehicles and also to vehicles with non-sliding sides of the van or refrigerated type. Figure to be published with the abstract: Fig. 5.

Description

Title of the invention: Vehicle or vehicle element having an aerodynamically profiled body consisting of pivoting and sliding side frames and rear doors in which one or two flaps can be opened

[0001] The present invention relates to an aerodynamic arrangement of a vehicle, for example of the van or truck type, or of a vehicle element, for example a trailer, having an enclosure or a space closed by walls.

[0002] Vehicle arrangements are known from the prior art which aim to limit aerodynamic drag.

[0003] Nevertheless, it is desirable to propose new solutions aimed at improving the guidance of the air flow around vehicles or trucks, in particular of the van type, refrigerated vans or with sliding curtains or tarpaulins on the side walls. These solutions can be used by adapting already existing vehicles.

[0004] The present invention relates to a solution which makes it possible to pivot the rear part of the sides of a truck trailer when the latter is composed of a sliding system on a rail, for example a tarpaulin.

[0005] This sliding allows the sides of the trailer to be opened, in particular to load long objects from the sides rather than from the rear doors.

[0006] In general this type of trailer is characterized by the fact that the upper rail also constitutes the structure of the trailer and can hardly be movable without weakening the rigidity of the entire trailer.

[0007] The longitudinal rails connect the front of the trailer at the top to the rear structure on which the rear doors are fixed.

[0008] Furthermore, this type of trailer has uprights on the sides, for example 3, which are themselves mobile, attached to the rail in the upper part and fitted with a locking system in the lower part.

[0009] In order to pivot the sides of the trailer, the present invention proposes to create a frame attached to the trailer behind a post, for example the last movable post, by axes or hinges or any other device which allows it to pivot from this attachment point towards the interior of the vehicle.

[0010] Frame means an assembly consisting of at least one vertical element and at least two horizontal elements assembled in a rectangular shape and on which are fixed a certain number of components intended to keep it on the trailer in a mobile manner, to hold and stretch the tarpaulin.

[0011] The frame being fixed directly or by means of a post on the upper longitudinal rail of the trailer, it undergoes the deformations of the latter in particular the lateral movements which internalize the rail in the trailer.

[0012] In order not to communicate this movement towards the rear of the trailer, the frame is provided with a device for damping these movements which makes it possible to permanently keep the rear of the frame in a fixed position and avoid transmitting forces to the rear part, in particular the door and the door flap which is a continuation of the frame.

[0013] In order to be able to slide the side, for example a tarpaulin, the frame can be made up in the upper part of a rail on which the side, for example a tarpaulin, can slide.

[0014] The frame also has a rolling system in its rear part to pivot it from one position to another position as well as a locking system to immobilize it in the positions intended for rolling the vehicle.

[0015] The device also has a disengageable device which allows the rear part of the frame to be hooked onto the longitudinal rail, which allows the frame to be moved towards the front of the vehicle to facilitate side loading, which is an important function of this type of vehicle.

[0016] For the device to work from an aerodynamic point of view, the rear door of the truck has an opening to allow air to pass through from the internalized sidewall.

[0017] A variant of the device makes it possible to open the sidewall at several angles, for example 2 different angles a to optimize the aerodynamics depending on the load.

[0018] In this case, the rear door has 2 possible openings thanks to 2 flaps of different sizes articulated together by hinges and which open according to the arrangement that one wishes to give to the side.

[0019] The present invention can also be used on a trailer without the sides being sliding, for example vans or refrigerated vans; it is then appropriate not to have tensioning systems for the sliding part while retaining the other elements of the invention.

[0020] The present invention can be used on already existing vehicles by transforming them with the constituent elements of the invention. SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0021] To this end, and according to a first aspect, the invention proposes a container, in particular a transport container or a transport structure intended to be transported by land comprising at least one rear wall and two walls lateral extending in a longitudinal direction, in particular parallel to the direction of travel, and an upper wall delimiting the loading space.

[0022] The at least one of the two side walls is characterized in that it has at least one air flow deflection flank produced by a pivoting frame to form a non-zero angle relative to the wall from which said deflection flank considered extends, the at least one flank being connected to its wall by a bending zone extending in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the wall considered.

[0023] The at least one rear wall is characterized in that it has one or two exhaust flaps on each side arranged to open or close selectively so as to allow the air flow passing along the at least one deflection flank in the open position.

[0024] The at least one roof wall is connected to the at least two side walls and to the at least one rear wall.

[0025] The lateral structure may comprise at least one frame connecting at least a portion of the perimeter of the front lateral flank to at least a portion of the perimeter of the opening made in the rear wall.

[0026] The side structure or frame can be pivotally fixed to one of the side vertical posts of the vehicle structure by means of at least two devices allowing it to bend inwards.

[0027] The side structure or frame can allow the side wall to be fixed, for example, a sliding curtain or a tarpaulin between its upper structure and its lower structure.

[0028] The lateral structure or frame may comprise at least one rolling or sliding system or frictional contact on the floor of the vehicle.

[0029] The lateral structure or frame may comprise at least one fixing system locking directly onto the floor or by means of a part fixed securely to the floor of the container.

[0030] The lateral structure or frame may comprise at least one fixing system locking directly onto the roof structure or by means of a part fixed securely to the roof structure of the container.

[0031] The side structure or frame can allow the side wall to be fixed, for example, with a sliding curtain or a tarpaulin in its rear part.

[0032] The lateral structure or frame may comprise a system for achieving horizontal tension of the lateral wall, for example a sliding curtain or a tarpaulin in its rear part.

[0033] The side structure or frame may include a system for receiving at least one flap of the rear door when the rear door is closed.

[0034] The lateral structure or frame may include a sliding system allowing its length to vary when the side walls of the container move when the vehicle is in motion.

[0035] The lateral structure or frame may include a detachable system allowing the rear part of the frame to be hooked onto the upper longitudinal rail, allowing the frame to be moved towards the front of the vehicle and facilitating loading from the side.

[0036] The rear structure comprises a frame of at least one door, or door frame or door frame, arranged on the rear face of the structure, arranged to support the at least one door, preferably a frame of the type of the prior art, preferably the frame comprises at least one flow exhaust opening and / or at least one air guide or air flow exhaust flap coming from at least one side.

[0037] The at least one opening is made in the rear face while maintaining the same mechanical structure in all configurations.

[0038] The structure may further comprise at least one door arranged on the rear face extending in a transverse plane, the at least one door having one or two exhaust openings for the air flow coming from the sides, the at least one door preferably comprising one or two flaps arranged to selectively close the at least one opening, preferably, the at least one door being able to be hinged.

[0039] According to other advantageous and non-limiting characteristics of the invention, taken alone or in any technically feasible combination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0040] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the detailed description of the invention which follows with reference to the appended figures and in which:

[0041] [Fig.l] is a rear perspective view of an industrial vehicle comprising a trailer according to one embodiment, in which the side walls comprise a flank inclined towards the inside of the trailer, and the rear wall comprises doors each comprising two flaps describing the three main possible configurations according to the angle of the side flanks;

[0042] [Fig.2] shows the side view of the industrial vehicle when the side frame is in position parallel to the longitudinal direction in the rolling position.

[0043] [Fig. 3] shows the side view of the industrial vehicle when the side frame and the side posts are in the advanced position fixed on the longitudinal upper rail by the clutch system and allowing the rear part of the container to be loaded from the sides.

[0044] [Fig.4] shows the side view of the industrial vehicle when the side frame and the side posts are in the rear position allowing the front part of the container to be loaded from the sides.

[0045] [Fig.5] is a side view of the frame and its main components.

[0046] [Fig.6] left diagram is a top view showing the frame arrangement in the maximum loading position or to carry out loading and unloading of the vehicle through the rear doors. The [Fig.6] diagram on the right is a top view showing the frame arrangement in the internalized or aerodynamic position or to reduce the drag of the vehicle when it is not completely full.

[0047] [Fig.7] is a top view showing the frame and door arrangement in the maximum loading position or for loading and unloading the vehicle through the rear doors.

[0048] [Fig.8] is a top view showing the frame and door arrangement in its first inward or aerodynamic position when the first rear door flap is open.

[0049] [Fig.9] is a top view showing the frame and door arrangement in its second inward or aerodynamic position when the second rear door flap is open.

[0050] [Fig. 10] is a top view of the rear of the frame depicting the system for fixing and horizontally tensioning the side wall or tarpaulin.

[0051] [Fig. 11] is a cross-sectional view of the frame describing the system for fixing and vertically tensioning the side wall or tarpaulin and the sealing system with the floor.

[0052] [Fig. 12] is a top view of the system for holding the side panels through the front upright of the frame and on the movable upright of the vehicle in the maximum loading position in [Fig. 12] diagram on the left and in an aerodynamic position when the frame is at an angle with the axis of the vehicle in [Fig. 12] diagram on the right.

[0053] [Fig. 13] is a side view of the frame locking device on the vehicle: [Fig. 13] diagram 13a describes the locking device on the floor or on the roof in the maximum loading position and [Fig. 13] diagram 13b when the frame is internalized. [Fig. 13] diagram 13c describes the unlocked locking system and [Fig. 13] diagram 13d when the locking system is locked.

[0054] [Fig. 14] is a side view of the lower rear part of the frame describing the arrangement of the components: the rolling system on the floor, the longitudinal locking system of the wall or tarpaulin, the locking system.

[0055] [Fig. 15] describes the sliding system of the upper front part of the frame allowing its length to be varied and comprising a spring system to allow the rest length of the frame to be achieved.

[0056] [Fig. 16] depicts the cutting of the four parts of the frame allowing it to be transported before mounting on vehicles and allowing the frame to be adjusted to the exact dimensions of the vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0057] The figures make it possible to describe in more detail the characteristics of the present invention.

[0058] Fig. 1 shows the different configurations that the vehicle is to be given to optimize its aerodynamics according to the load, and which require the 2 devices of the invention that must be made jointly.

[0059] These 2 devices are the pivoting side described in Figures 2 to 16 and the rear doors described in Figures 7 to 10.

[0060] Fig. 2 shows the general diagram of the trailer with the first innovative part in the rear area: the articulated frame.

[0061] The trailer consists of a floor 12, a generally fixed front structure and a rear structure itself consisting of uprights 11 fixed to the floor or the chassis of the trailer, for example by 4 screws.

[0062] The rear doors are articulated by means of hinges 51 fixed to the rear of these uprights 11.

[0063] Two long beams 1 are fixed to the front and rear uprights 11 on each side of the vehicle.

[0064] In vehicles with sliding sides, this beam contains a rail system which allows the movable uprights 2 and the sides in general of the tarpaulins 20 to slide using systems 3 which can be rollers.

[0065] The sliding system makes it possible to switch from the normal configuration of [Fig.l] used in particular when the vehicle is moving into two configurations used especially for loading very long objects from the side or for unloading more quickly shown in Figures 3 and 4.

[0066] [Fig.2] also shows the frame 6 which is the subject of the invention and which closes the length of the vehicle between, in this example, the last movable upright 2 and the rear fixed upright 11.

[0067] Frame 6 is described in detail in [Fig.5].

[0068] [Fig.2] shows the device when loading rather at the rear of the trailer and [Fig.3] shows the device when it is folded towards the rear allowing a long object to be loaded at the front of the vehicle.

[0069] The frame 6 can also be internalized or externalized to slide the uprights further towards the rear and allow a little loading length to be gained.

[0070] The pivoting frame 6 is fixed by 2 hinges 5 or more if the structure requires it depending on the safety and loading requirements.

[0071] The frame 6 may be provided with a contact system 9 on the floor 12 which may be a wheel, a roller or a skate in order to relieve the force on the hinges and the structure of the frame and to allow the closure to be maintained with the floor 12.

[0072] The frame 6 can also be provided with a locking system 10 which makes it possible to immobilize the frame on the floor 12 in the desired position among the possible positions and to take up the forces linked to the movement of the load for example.

[0073] The frame 6 can also be equipped with a mechanism 13 allowing it to be secured to the sliding system which is housed in the structural rail 1 allowing the entire frame to move forward to configure the trailer in the loading position of [Fig.2].

[0074] [Fig.5] describes in detail the constitution of the frame 6.

[0075] The frame 6 carries the side system 20 on its structure in order to pivot its surface inwards and thus allow the aerodynamic gain.

[0076] In the case of a flexible tarpaulin, the latter is fixed at the top by a sliding system using the upper longitudinal section 7 of the frame 6 as a rail.

[0077] In the case of a tarpaulin, this is stretched horizontally by the usual system but this is not conventionally in the rear upright 11 which is fixed but at the rear of the frame in the housing 21 provided for this purpose.

[0078] The height of the system is reduced compared to the classic height to allow it to be housed in the frame 6 which is lower to be able to pivot inside the vehicle between the 1 and the floor 12.

[0079] In another embodiment, the tensioning system is positioned at the front of the trailer as is also conventionally done and the frame 6 receives a vertical bar 21 without a horizontal tensioning device for the tarpaulin.

[0080] One of the embodiments of this part of the frame is a vertical section in the shape of a U-shaped profile which receives the cylindrical bar 21 from the outside.

[0081] This embodiment is described in more detail in [Fig.10].

[0082] [Fig. 11] describes how the side 20 is stretched vertically on the frame 6 by being fixed in the upper part on the longitudinal section 7 which is for example U-shaped and allows longitudinal sliding of the tarpaulin 20 when the latter is not stretched vertically on the longitudinal section which can also for example be U-shaped by the conventional vertical tensioning device.

[0083] In order to absorb the forces caused by possible movements of the load, the conventional system on this type of trailer composed of sides 16 is transposed to the frame on the uprights 21 and 25 by conventional U-shaped profiles according to [Fig.4].

[0084] The hinges 5 which allow the frame to be fixed to the movable upright 2 are arranged so as to absorb the forces transmitted by the sides in the event of movement of the load.

[0085] In a variant of this device described in [Fig. 12], the side panels are positioned directly on the usual device of the upright 2 which makes it possible not to transmit the forces of the side panel via the upright 25 and the hinges 5 which gives a less heavy device.

[0086] A fixing system in the lower part on the floor 12 and in the upper part on the upper cross member 14 makes it possible to lock the frame 6 by means of the device 15 described in more detail in [Fig. 13] providing the frame in its immobilized position with significant stiffness making it possible to maintain the load inside the vehicle when the trailer has significant lateral movements.

[0087] The removable devices 16 allowing the loading forces to be taken up are fixed to the frame by means of conventional U-shaped sections.

[0088] In the case of loads requiring it, it is also possible to secure the 2 frames by a device 17 consisting of cables, straps or any other means making it possible to transfer part of the forces from one frame to the other at the desired height.

[0089] For cases of maximum loading with the sides not pivoted, the device 17 will be secured to the fixed upright 11.

[0090] To follow the lateral movements of the longitudinal rails when the vehicle moves, the upper part 7 of the frame is provided with a telescopic device which allows it to follow the movements of the upright without moving in its rear part which must remain fixed relative to the folded flap 52 of the door.

[0091] [Fig.6] shows in the diagram on the left in top view the device in normal configuration with the sides aligned in the axis of the trailer: the frame 6 is fixed to the movable upright 2 by means of the hinges 5.

[0092] The rolling system 9 is positioned under the frame 6 so as not to hinder the loading of the trailer. The locking system 10 is inserted vertically into the floor and the system 21 for winding or fixing the tarpaulin is positioned at the very end of the frame to tension the tarpaulin 20. Note that for greater clarity in [Fig.5], the upper longitudinal beam and roof crossmember elements have not been shown but are in [Fig.6] right-hand view.

[0093] [Fig.6] also shows in the diagram on the right in a top view the same device in an aerodynamic position: the frame 6 has pivoted along the axis of the hinge 5 while rolling thanks to the device 9 on an area provided on the floor for rigidity or flatness.

[0094] The locking system 15 is in the locking position on the floor and if necessary in the upper cross member 14 which is fixed between the 2 side rails 1.

[0095] An additional locking system 17 can be installed to secure the 2 left and right side frames 2.

[0096] Figures 7, 8 and 9 show the device in which 3 frame positions are possible, including 2 internalized positions at different angles, generally between 5 and 10 degrees for the first position and between 10 and 20 degrees for the second position.

[0097] The frame is unchanged from the previous description but can take 2 positions which are locked by 2 lock positions on the floor and on the upper cross member.

[0098] The door 50 is divided into 3 parts: the fixed part 50 which remains integral with the axis of rotation 51 of the door via the upper and lower bars preferably made of metal with an L or U section, a first flap 52 which allows, thanks to its hinge 53, the opening of the rear of the vehicle in the configuration al corresponding to the internalized position of the side between 5 and 10 degrees, for example of length between 300 and 400 mm, and a second flap 54 which allows, thanks to its hinge 55, the opening of the rear of the vehicle in the configuration a2 corresponding to the internalized position of the side between 10 and 20 degrees, the length of which is greater than that of the flap 52, for example between 350 and 500 mm.

[0099] When the second flap 54 closes on the rear part 23 of the frame 6 internalized as described in [Fig.10], the first flap 52 is pivoted inside on the second flap 54 as described in [Fig.9].

[0100] To position and lock the doors correctly, the rear part of the frame is equipped with an open U-shape 23 in the lower part and in the upper part.

[0101] The two U-shapes may not be identical in shape in order to engage the bottom first and the top second while leaving a little play in the upper part to allow the system to move when the vehicle is moving. This arrangement of the doors is not exclusively used for sliding sides but is also a solution for rigid sides.

[0102] [Fig. 10] describes the detail of the rear area of ​​the frame with the different components: the open U-shaped section 23 which receives one or the other flap of the rear door with a guiding function to help the door fit when closing the latter from outside the vehicle.

[0103] This U-section is made on the rear vertical upright 22 either by fixing profiles by screws, by welding metal plates or by other method. The rear vertical upright of the frame 6 is for example U-shaped open towards the outside to accommodate the vertical bar 21 on which the tarpaulin 20 is positioned.

[0104] A vertical section 24 is integrated into the rear part of the frame to ensure sufficient rigidity to transmit the forces from the side panels 16 via the U-shapes 29 which hold the side panels 16.

[0105] The sealing is ensured between the frame and the vehicle and between the rear door flaps by usual seals and systems according to the specific requests of the customers without there being any need for any particular invention.

[0106] [Fig. 11] describes for example how the seal 26 ensures the sealing of the frame 6 with the floor 12 which can receive a specific surface according to the sealing requirements.

[0107] [Fig. 12] describes how the side panels 16 can pass through the vertical uprights 25 of the frame to come and position themselves directly in support on the uprights 2 as in conventional configurations.

[0108] [Fig. 13] describes how the locking device 15 is positioned at the top on the crosspiece 14 and at the bottom on the floor reinforcement 26 according to one embodiment.

[0109] The device is manipulated with the handle 27 in one maneuver as described in [Fig. 13] diagrams 13c and 13d.

[0110] The device makes it possible to lock the frame in the maximum loading position aligned with the post 11 by indexing the locking system 10 in the floor reinforcement 18 as described in [Fig. 13] diagram 13a.

[0111] In this configuration, the locking system is manipulated transversely inside the trailer before the vehicle is fully loaded.

[0112] In partial loading configurations requiring the manipulation of the flaps 52 and / or 54, the locking system 10 is pivoted about its axis so that the handle is for example in alignment with the frame 6 and is locked by the flap 52 or 54 of the door as described in [Fig. 13] diagram 13b. This device ensures that the device 10 is correctly locked in the floor reinforcement 19 before closing the rear door and prevents the rear door from being locked if the device 15 is not correctly locked [Fig. 13] diagram 13c because the handle cannot normally assume the vertical position. When the locking device is correctly locked as in [Fig. 13] diagram 13d, the handle is vertical and allows the door 52 to be closed as described in [Fig. 13] diagram 13b.

[0113] The hole in the floor or floor reinforcement has shapes 18 and 19 which correspond to the positions that the handle 27 must take in the different configurations.

[0114] [Fig. 14] describes the structure of the frame 6 in the lower rear part which integrates the generally ratchet device 28 which allows the longitudinal tension of the tarpaulin, the rolling device 9, the locking device 15, the longitudinal element 8 of the frame 6, the structural upright 24, the U shape which receives the roll of tarpaulin 21, the U shape 23 which receives the door shutters when they are closed.

[0115] All of these parts are assembled together, for example by welding, to ensure they hold properly.

[0116] [Fig. 15] describes the sliding device of the upper upright to allow lateral movements of the trailer without transmitting forces to the rear part of the device.

[0117] It consists of a section 30, for example square, welded to the upright 25. This section 30 receives the upright 7, for example of U-shaped section, and allows it to slide inside.

[0118] In order to ensure a neutral position, a spring can be inserted into sections 8 and 30 and fixed to each part in relative movement.

[0119] [Fig. 16] describes the cutting of the profiles 7 and 8 into several parts in the case where the device is mounted on existing trailers in order to ensure the transport of the frame in several parts which are assembled on the existing trailer.

[0120] This allows for precise adjustment to each trailer without having to make a custom-made product, which would be complicated, a source of errors and very costly.

[0121] The upper and lower horizontal parts are therefore cut into 3 parts: two sections, for example square, of reduced length, for example welded to the vertical uprights 22 and 25, and a section of great length, for example U-shaped, which are fixed, for example screwed to the horizontal sections welded to the correct length.

[0122] The device may be equipped with a spring 31 which allows the frame to be configured in the reference length which corresponds to its dimensions in a flatbed trailer position.

[0123] Nomenclature 1 longitudinal roof bars 2 last sliding amount 3 bearing axis of the last sliding amount 4 locking the last sliding amount 5 axis of rotation of the frame 6 fixed on the upright 2 6 framework main object of the invention 7 upper bar of frame 6 8 lower bar of frame 6 9 frame rolling or friction system 6 10 frame locking system 6 on the floor with indexing in position 11 fixed rear amount of the transport structure

[0124] 12 floor 13 system for securing the frame 6 on the rail 1 to slide it 14 roof crossbars allowing the upper frame to be locked 15 upper frame locking system 16 side panels to prevent the load from being ejected 17 system of joining the 2 frames together 18 floor reinforcement with handle indexing in transverse position 19 floor reinforcement with indexing of the handle in longitudinal position 20 sliding side for example tarpaulin 21 sliding sidewall longitudinal tension system 22 rear structure of the frame surrounding the tarpaulin winding system 20 23 door panel interlocking system in the frame 24 structural element of the rear upright allowing the goods to be retained 25 front amount of frame 6 26 frame sealing system rubbing on the floor 27 frame lock handle 28 horizontal tarpaulin tensioning system by ratchet 29 system for fixing the side panels in the rear of the frame 30 welded elements of the uprights receiving the lower and upper bars 31 spring of the telescopic system of the upper frame upright 50 rear doors 51 rear door rotation axes on the structure 52 first flap in the rear doors 53 rotation axes of the first rear door flap 54 second shutter in the secondary doors 55 rotation axes of the first rear door flap

Claims

Claims

1. Land transport structure comprising at least three vertical and horizontal walls (1, 7) extending in a longitudinal direction and a transverse rear face delimiting a loading space characterized in that the at least two longitudinal vertical walls end in at least one frame (6) fixed by a pivoting system on the last sliding upright (2) of the longitudinal vertical wall and that the rear doors (50) closing the rear vertical wall are each cut into 2 or 3 parts which can be positioned in 3 different arrangements to open the rear of the vehicle to the passage of outside air.

2. Land transport structure according to claim 1 characterized in that the rear doors (50) are cut into 2 or 3 parts (52) and (54) articulated by axes (53) and (55) for example flexible or metallic hinges, one of which is fixed on the door and two movable flaps allowing the door to be closed in 2 lateral flank positions, one being oriented inwards between 5 and 10 degrees relative to the axis of the transport structure with the first flap (52), the other between 10 and 20 degrees with the second flap (54) longer than the first flap (52).

3. Land transport structure according to claim 1 characterized in that the upper part of the frame (6) is telescopic and allows, by varying its length, to follow the lateral movements of the rail (1) which can be equipped with a spring (31) arranged on the front or the rear of the frame (6) and attached to the horizontal structure element (7) making it possible to maintain the upper part of the frame (6) at the correct length during its maneuvers.

4. Land transport structure according to one of claims 1 and 3 characterized in that a system for attaching on rollers (13) makes it possible to secure the frame to the longitudinal sliding system of the transport structure constituted for its fixed part by the rail (1) making it possible to move the entire frame (6) towards the front or towards the rear of the vehicle in order to facilitate loading for the sliding side walls.

5. Land transport structure according to one of claims 1, 3 and 4 characterized in that the locking system (15) which makes it possible to immobilize the frame (6) in its rear part in the different positions necessary for the use of the transport structure either in loading or in aerodynamic rolling, has at least two positions obtained by pivoting the locking system on its vertical axis and authorized by the footprints on the ground (18) for the position of the frame in loading and (19) for the pivoted positions of the frame in such a way that in the or 2 positions where the frame is pivoted the handle (27) is in the axis of the frame in aerodynamic position and prevents the door (50) of the transport structure from being completely closed if the system (15) is not completely locked.

6. Land transport structure according to one of claims 1, 3, 4 and 5 characterized in that the frame (6) comprises a longitudinal tension system (28) of the sliding wall (20) for example a tarpaulin positioned on the lower rear part of the frame (6).

7. Land transport structure according to one of claims 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 characterized in that the lateral load retaining device (16) for example side panels is fixed on the rear part (29) and on the front part on the frame (6), the retaining device (16) passing through the front upright of the frame (25) to be housed on the last movable upright (2).

8. Land transport structure according to one of claims 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 characterized in that the 2 left and right frames (6) are secured by a device (17) made up of cables or straps or any other means of securing 2 parts in order to benefit from the stiffness of the 2 frames to block the forces of the load which will weigh on one side only.

9. Land transport structure according to one of claims 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 characterized in that the frame is composed of 2 uprights (22) and (25) having horizontal welded parts (30) into which are screwed two horizontal sections (7) and (8) for example of U-shaped section whose length can be adjusted according to the trailers.

10. Vehicle comprising the transport structure according to one of the preceding claims.

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