Dental implant with improved osseointegration

Abstract

Title: Dental implant with improved osseointegration The present invention relates to a dental implant comprising an anchoring body (1) and an implant neck (5) secured to the anchoring body (1) capable of receiving a prosthetic system, remarkable in that the implant neck (5) comprises at least a first so-called proximal part (5a) capable of being secured to the anchoring body (1) of cylindrical shape and having a machined surface condition, a second so-called distal part (5b) of cylindrical shape and of diameter greater than the diameter of the proximal part (5a), having a machined surface condition, a first transition part (5c) between the proximal part (5a) and the distal part (5b) of truncated cone shape, said first transition part (5c) having a sandblasted surface condition, said transition part (5c) extending above the anchoring body (1), and a head (5d) extending at the upper end of the distal part (5b). Figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: Dental implant with improved osseointegration Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of implants and more particularly to dental implants used for the installation of one or more dental prostheses replacing one or more missing teeth in order to restore to the patient, partially or totally edentulous, a chewing function and / or oral comfort and / or a better aesthetic appearance and / or a better dental occlusion.

[0002] The invention relates more particularly to a dental implant suitable for post-extraction placement and / or for a patient with a bone deficiency in ridge width with improved osseointegration. State of the art

[0003] It is well known that a dental implant usually consists of a main anchoring body called a sleeve, provided with an external thread and an internal tapping, intended to be placed in the maxilla and / or the mandible previously drilled to receive the sleeve.

[0004] The external thread is advantageously self-tapping in order to allow the jaw provided for this purpose to be screwed into the borehole, said thread having a diameter just greater than the diameter of the borehole.

[0005] The sleeve comprises at its so-called upper end, in contact with the oral environment after implantation, an implant neck capable of receiving a prosthetic system, commonly called a false stump for the production of a sealed dental prosthesis, said false stump being secured to the implant by means of the threading of the sleeve, or a connector capable of receiving a so-called screwed dental prosthesis.

[0006] There are several surgical procedures for placing dental implants, the two-stage surgical technique known as buried and the one-stage surgical technique known as non-buried.

[0007] Each of these techniques corresponds to a type of implant.

[0008] According to the so-called buried technique, the surgeon, after opening the patient's gum, prepares the drilling well, commonly called the implant bed, in the patient's maxilla or mandible. The surgeon then places the implant consisting of a generally cylindrical sleeve and then closes the gum above the implant with stitches. This step of burying the implant under the gum consists of a wet nurse step, for a period of between 3 and 6 months, which allows the integration of the implant into the bone. After this step of 3 to 6 months, a second surgical phase is necessary. The surgeon incises the gum above the su of the implant to place either a healing piece or directly a false stump or a connector for a screwed prosthesis. This healing phase prepares the contour of the gingival tissues. After healing, generally after 15 days to 1 month, the definitive prosthesis is placed either by sealing it on the false stump screwed to the upper end of the sleeve or by screwing it onto the connector provided for this purpose.

[0009] This surgical technique, and the implants adapted to this technique, have the disadvantage of requiring two surgical interventions and of considerably increasing the time taken to install the definitive dental prosthesis.

[0010] In addition, a time for reconstruction of the jaws by bone grafting may be added to this time for placing the implant, a bone graft being necessary if the implantation area has insufficient bone volume.

[0011] In order to overcome this drawback, the implant can be placed in a single surgical step using the so-called non-buried technique.

[0012] In the so-called non-buried technique, the surgeon places the implant consisting of a generally cylindrical, conical, or cylindro-conical sleeve provided with a thread and at the upper end of which is located an implant collar capable of receiving the prosthetic system. The implant is placed either by opening the gum above the implantation zone or by passing directly through the gum using the so-called transmucosal technique and then making an implant well at the depth chosen according to the patient's bone volume, the length of the implant determining the depth of said implant well. In the case of placement of the implant by incision of the gum, said gum, after placement of the implant, is closed around the implant collar secured to the body of the sleeve by sutures (so-called flap technique), the implant collar remaining in contact with the oral environment.In the technique of implant placement by the transmucosal technique, it is not necessary to suture the gum which adapts perfectly around the implant neck in contact with the oral environment. The implant neck is closed by a cover screw during the bone and gingival healing phase. After this healing phase lasting between 3 and 6 months, the closure screw is removed to place the prosthetic system on the implant neck, the prosthetic system being adapted to the type of prosthetic concept chosen by the surgeon such as a dental prosthesis cemented on a false stump or a prosthesis screwed onto a suitable connector. It will be observed that the closure screw has a height adapted to the gingival height, usually of the order of 1.5 mm to 2 mm.

[0013] Such implants are for example described in French patent applications FR 2 747 031, FR 2 747 032 and FR 2 709 660.

[0014] International patent application WO 2006 / 008346 is also known which describes a single-piece coronal-radicular dental implant intended to replace a natural tooth in a single surgical and prosthetic step. Said implant has, in continuity and straightness, a truncated intraosseous anchoring section and a cup-shaped intraoral section, from the bottom of which rises a coronal shaft. The space formed between the cup and the coronal shaft receives a cap so that said space is filled during osseointegration.

[0015] Similarly, European patent application EP 0 997 112 describes a set of dental implants comprising a generally frustoconical threaded anchoring body provided at its upper end with a cup and intended to be inserted into the bone wall, extended by a hexagon, the space between the anchoring body and the hexagon receiving a superstructure or a secondary component which bears on the external surface of the conical section of the annular groove.

[0016] This type of implant comprising such a cup provides, by its partial burial in the bone, and by its diameter differential with the coronal shaft, the maximum latitude to correct the implant axis and makes it possible to achieve a "Morse cone effect" of anti-rotational blocking with the cap. However, this type of implant does not make it possible to significantly improve bone maintenance after implantation.

[0017] Document FR3010302A1 is also known, which describes a method for improving bone retention after implantation and more particularly the osseointegration of the implant. This document describes more precisely a method for manufacturing a dental implantology device comprising at least one body comprising a step of depositing at least one layer of an amorphous material and a step of treating the surface of the body before and / or after the step of depositing the layer of amorphous material.

[0018] Although significantly improving the osseointegration of the implant, the osseointegration of this type of implant is not optimal.

[0019] There is therefore a need to improve the osteointegration of dental implants in particular. Disclosure of the invention

[0020] One of the aims of the invention is therefore to remedy all these drawbacks by proposing a dental implant of simple and inexpensive design allowing better osteointegration in particular.

[0021] For this purpose and in accordance with the invention, a dental implant is proposed comprising a central body called an anchor, of revolution, capable of being implanted in a hole made in a bone of a patient, and an implant neck secured to the anchor body capable of receiving a prosthetic system; said dental implant is remarkable in that the implant neck comprises at least a first part called a proximal part capable of be secured to the anchoring body of cylindrical shape and having a machined surface condition, a second so-called distal part of cylindrical shape and of diameter greater than the diameter of the proximal part, having a machined surface condition, a first transition part between the proximal part and the distal part of truncated cone shape, said first transition part having a sandblasted surface condition, said transition part extending above the anchoring body, and a head extending at the upper end of the distal part.

[0022] It will be noted that the shape and the sandblasted surface condition of the transition part of the implant neck provides faster and more robust osseointegration than that of the implants of the prior art.

[0023] Furthermore, the implant neck comprises a second transition zone between the distal part and the head which has an anodized surface condition. This anodized surface condition of the second transition zone of the implant neck advantageously makes it possible to preserve the attachment of the soft tissues.

[0024] In addition, the anchoring body consists of a substantially conical sleeve comprising at least one thread.

[0025] Preferably, the sleeve has a straight wall between two successive threads.

[0026] Said walls of the socket extending between two successive threads of the socket are cylindrical and the cylinders forming the walls of the socket extending between two successive threads have a decreasing diameter from the basal end to the apical end of the socket.

[0027] Preferably, the anchoring body has a rough surface condition, said rough surface condition also improving osseointegration.

[0028] Said rough surface condition of the anchoring body is obtained by sandblasting and / or etching sandblasting and / or obtained by chemical treatment.

[0029] Incidentally, the straight line passing through the distal ends of the threads of the thread of the anchoring body forms an angle relative to the axis of revolution of the anchoring body less than the angle of the outer wall of the sleeve relative to said axis of revolution. Brief description of the drawings

[0030] Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the following description of several variant embodiments, given as non-limiting examples, of the dental implant according to the invention, with reference to the appended drawings in which:

[0031] [Fig-1] is a side view of the dental implant according to the invention,

[0032] [Fig.2] is an exploded side view of the dental implant according to the invention,

[0033] [Fig.3] is an elevational view of the anchoring body of the following dental implant the invention,

[0034] [Fig.4] is an elevational view of the implant neck of the following dental implant the invention,

[0035] [Fig.5] is a longitudinal sectional view of a wellbore drilled in a maxilla for the placement of a dental implant according to the invention,

[0036] [Fig.6] is a longitudinal sectional view of the introduction of the anchoring body of the dental implant according to the invention in the borehole using a suitable tool,

[0037] [Fig.7] is a longitudinal sectional view of the anchoring body of the dental implant according to the invention placed at the bottom of the drilling well,

[0038] [Fig.8] is a longitudinal sectional view of the placement of the implant collar on the anchoring body of the dental implant according to the invention,

[0039] [Fig.9] is a longitudinal sectional view of the osteointegration of the anchor body and of the implant neck of the dental implant according to the invention in the borehole,

[0040] [Fig. 10] is a longitudinal sectional view of the dental implant in the borehole after osseointegration and regeneration of the soft tissues. [Fig.l] illustrates a heating unit 1 according to the invention. Method of carrying out the invention

[0041] In this particular example, a dental implant intended to be used for the installation of one or more dental prostheses replacing one or more missing teeth will be described; however, it is quite obvious that the method according to the invention can be applied to any dental implantology device such as a transfer ring, an implant holder, a false stump and the various parts of a transfer system well known to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0042] In the remainder of the description of the method for manufacturing a dental implant according to the invention, the same numerical references designate the same elements. Furthermore, the different views are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0043] With reference to Figures 1 and 2, the dental implant according to the invention consists of a main body called an anchor body 1 in the form of a generally conical sleeve 2 widening from its apical end. This sleeve 2 is, for reasons of clarity of description, shown vertically and is intended to be placed in the maxilla and / or the mandible previously drilled to receive said sleeve 2.

[0044] Said sleeve 2 has a thread 3 and, advantageously, a flat lower end 4 allowing its use in the surgical techniques of sinus floor lifting well known to those skilled in the art.

[0045] Incidentally, the sleeve 2 has a straight wall between two successive threads of the thread 3. Preferably, the walls of the sleeve 2 extending between two threads successive threads of the sleeve 2 are cylindrical. Said cylinders forming the walls of the sleeve 2 extending between two successive threads have a decreasing diameter from the basal end to the apical end of the sleeve 2.

[0046] It is quite obvious that the sleeve 2 may have between two successive threads of the thread 3 a truncated inclined wall without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0047] Preferably, the anchoring body 1, and more precisely the sleeve 2 and the thread 3, has a rough surface condition, said rough surface condition also improving osteointegration. Said rough surface condition of the anchoring body 1 is obtained by sandblasting and / or etching sandblasting and / or is obtained by a chemical treatment or any other method well known to those skilled in the art.

[0048] Advantageously, the straight line DI passing through the distal ends of the threads of the thread 3 of the anchoring body 1 forms an angle with respect to the axis of revolution of the anchoring body 1 which is less than the angle of the outer wall of the sleeve 2 with respect to said axis of revolution. This difference in angles thus gives the anchoring body 1 a bi-conical cylindrical body shape. In addition, the threads of the thread 3 form cutting and penetrating macroturns which, with variable depths, due to the difference in angles, give the anchoring body 1 excellent primary stability.

[0049] With reference to [Fig. 3], the sleeve 2 comprises a central blind hole 2a receiving a connector 2b well known to those skilled in the art capable of cooperating with a corresponding connector positioned at the distal free end of the implant neck as will be detailed later. It will be noted that such an arrangement allows the reduction of peri-implantitis which appears in 40% of cases with implants of the prior art.

[0050] Furthermore, the implant comprises an implant neck 5 which comprises at least a first so-called proximal part 5a capable of being secured to the anchoring body 1 of cylindrical shape and having a so-called machined surface condition, i.e. smooth, a second so-called distal part 5b of cylindrical shape and of diameter greater than the diameter of the proximal part, having a machined surface condition, a first transition part 5c between the proximal part 5a and the distal part 5b of truncated cone shape, said first transition part 5c having a sandblasted surface condition, i.e. a rough surface condition, said transition part 5c extending above the anchoring body 1, and a head 5d extending at the upper end of the distal part 5b.

[0051] It will be noted that the shape and the sandblasted surface condition of the transition portion 5c of the implant neck 5 provides faster and more robust osteointegration than that of the implants of the prior art. Preferably, the total roughness (Rt) of the surface of the anchoring body is between 1 and 2 microns.

[0052] Furthermore, the implant neck 5 comprises a second transition zone 5e between the distal part 5b and the head 5d which has an anodized surface condition. This anodized surface condition of the second transition zone 5e of the implant neck advantageously makes it possible to preserve the attachment of the soft tissues.

[0053] Incidentally, the implant neck 5 may be angled in order to compensate for the axis defect of the anchoring body 1.

[0054] Furthermore, it goes without saying that the anchoring body 1 and the implant neck 5 may be obtained in a single piece, i.e. in a single block, without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0055] The lower free end of the distal part 5a of the implant neck comprises a complementary connector 6 well known to those skilled in the art capable of cooperating with the connector 2b of the blind hole 2a of the sleeve 2. It will also be noted that the implant neck 5 comprises a through hole 7 for the passage of the fixing screws 8 of the implant neck 5 on the sleeve 2 and / or of the definitive prosthesis on the head 5d.

[0056] The installation of an implant according to the invention will now be explained with reference to Figures 5 to 10.

[0057] With reference to [Fig. 5], the gum 10 is opened above the implantation zone by passing directly through the gum using the so-called transmucosal technique and then by making an implant well 11 at the depth chosen according to the patient's bone volume, the length of the implant determining the depth of said implant well 11.

[0058] The surgeon then places the anchoring body 1, with reference to [Fig. 6], consisting of the sleeve 2 by means of a suitable tool 12 in the implant well 11 until said sleeve 2 reaches the bottom of said implant well ([Fig. 7]) then, with reference to [Fig. 8], the surgeon secures the implant neck 5 on the sleeve 2 so that the head is at the level of the soft tissues. In this respect, it is understood that the height of the implant neck will depend on the anatomy of the patient, and more particularly on the height of the patient's soft tissues, but also on the depth of the implantation well 11. With reference to [Fig.9], osseointegration begins from the exudates and bone micro-particles until the implant is completely osseointegrated, generally after 15 days to 1 month, then the definitive prosthesis is put in place either by sealing on the false stump screwed to the upper end of the 5d head or by screwing on the connector provided for this purpose.

[0059] In this regard, it is understood that the head 5d may comprise any type of suitable connector well known to those skilled in the art, such as internal hexagonal, external hexagonal, internal conical, external conical, external Morse taper, three or six internal lobes, etc.

[0060] It will also be noted that the surgeon will be able to choose from several anchoring bodies, with different diameters and lengths, for example 10 models. different, and several implant necks, with different lengths and diameters, for example 6 different models, or 60 possible combinations, depending on the patient's anatomy.

[0061] Finally, it is quite obvious that the examples which have just been given are only particular illustrations and in no way limitative as to the field of application of the invention.

Claims

Claims

1. Dental implant comprising a central body called an anchor (1) of revolution capable of being implanted in a hole made in a bone of a patient, and an implant neck (5) secured to the anchor body (1) capable of receiving a prosthetic system, characterized in that the implant neck (5) comprises at least a first part called proximal (5a) capable of being secured to the anchor body (1) of cylindrical shape and having a machined surface condition, a second part called distal (5b) of cylindrical shape and of diameter greater than the diameter of the proximal part (5a), having a machined surface condition, a first transition part (5c) between the proximal part (5a) and the distal part (5b) of truncated cone shape, said first transition part (5c) having a sandblasted surface condition, said transition part (5c) extending above the anchor body (1), and a head (5d) extending to the upper end of the distal part (5b).

2. Dental implant according to claim 1 characterized in that the implant neck (5) comprises a second transition zone (5e) between the distal part (5b) and the head (5d) which has an anodized surface state capable of preserving the attachment of the soft tissues.

3. Dental implant according to any one of claims 1 or 2 characterized in that the anchoring body (1) consists of a substantially conical sleeve (2) comprising at least one thread (3).

4. Dental implant according to claim 3 characterized in that the sleeve (2) has a straight wall between two successive threads of the thread (3).

5. Dental implant according to claim 4 characterized in that the walls of the sleeve (2) extending between two successive threads of the thread (3) of the sleeve (2) are cylindrical.

6. Dental implant according to claim 5 characterized in that the cylinders forming the walls of the sleeve (2) extending between two successive threads have a decreasing diameter from the basal end to the apical end of the sleeve (2).

7. Dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the anchoring body (1) has a rough surface condition.

8. Dental implant according to claim 7 characterized in that the total roughness (Rt) of the surface of the anchoring body (1) is comprised between 1 and 2 microns.

9. Dental implant according to any one of claims 7 or 8 characterized in that the rough surface condition of the anchoring body (1) is obtained by sandblasting and / or etching sandblasting.

10. Dental implant according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the rough surface condition of the anchoring body (1) is obtained by a chemical treatment.

11. Dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the straight line passing through the distal ends of the threads of the thread (3) of the anchoring body (1) forms an angle relative to the axis of revolution of the anchoring body (1) less than the angle of the outer wall of the sleeve (2) relative to said axis of revolution.

12. Dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the anchoring body (1) and the implant neck (5) are obtained in one piece.

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