METHOD FOR THE QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF A CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE TECHNOLOGY

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of a carbon capture and storage technology, characterized in that said method comprises the following steps: a first step (E1) of determining a plurality of qualitative criteria; a second step (E2) of estimating a quantity of CO2 absorbed by said technology and the sustainability of the absorption; a third step (E3) of monitoring during which the quantity of CO2 absorbed by said technology is evaluated at a regular frequency over a predetermined observation period; a fourth step (E4) of verification to determine whether said technology is integrated into a local institutional ecosystem; a fifth step (E5) of choosing an investment in said technology. Figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: METHOD FOR THE QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF A CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE TECHNOLOGY

[0001] The invention relates to carbon capture and storage technologies, and more particularly to a method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of these technologies.

[0002] Known from the prior art is a patent application WO2023175606 which describes a method for sequestering carbon in water combined with a water treatment method allowing the removal of carbon. During a sequestration step, atmospheric carbon dioxide is captured in an aqueous solution, preferably water. During a removal step, the water comprising the carbon dioxide is treated by a process of electrochemical deposition of metal carbonates, hydroxides and / or mixed salts crystallized in the form of seeds or crystallization beads. The water treatment is carried out in three stages. First, the water is collected using a pump or following a flow in order to pass into an electrochemical cell comprising a cathode chamber and an anodic chamber.In a second step, an electric current is created between the cathode chamber and the anodic chamber, which has the effect of increasing the pH of the water present in the cathode chamber to produce an alkaline flux. Finally, in a third step, the alkaline flux is directed towards a crystallization chamber containing the crystallization seeds or beads to induce crystal growth. The patent application therefore discloses a process for capturing carbon from atmospheric carbon dioxide. However, to date, there is no decision-making method for determining whether this technology, the subject of the patent application, represents a good investment opportunity or not. For example, the social and / or environmental impacts of said process are not described.

[0003] The objective of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a method for choosing the carbon capture and storage technology best suited to a predetermined context based on qualitative and quantitative parameters.

[0004] To achieve this objective, the invention proposes a method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of a carbon capture and storage technology, remarkable in that said method comprises the following steps: - a first step of classifying said technology according to a plurality qualitative criteria and a criterion for estimating a risk of social and / or environmental damage; - a second stage of estimating a quantity of CO2 absorbed by said technology inducing a reduction in the quantity of CO2 in the environment and the sustainability of said reduction by means of a quantitative thermodynamic analysis, a quantitative economic analysis and a quantitative environmental analysis when the risk of social and / or environmental damage is zero; - a third monitoring stage during which the quantity of CO2 absorbed by said technology is assessed at a regular frequency over a predetermined observation period based on a property criterion for which the technology stores a quantity of CO2 greater than or equal to 1000 tonnes, a uniqueness criterion for which the technology is implemented on a single territory less than 100 m2, on a governance robustness criterion for which the technology must be implemented for at least 8 hours per day, and on a co-benefit criterion for which said technology produces at least 1000 L of water per day and at least 10 kWh of electrical energy per day when, during said second stage, the quantity of CO2 absorbed is greater than or equal to a first threshold value and the sustainability is greater than or equal to a second threshold value; - a fourth verification step to determine whether the said technology is integrated into a local institutional ecosystem when, during the third step, the quantity of CO2 absorbed is monitored and the ownership criterion, the uniqueness criterion, the governance robustness criterion and the co-benefit criterion are verified; - a fifth stage of confirmation of the choice of investment in said technology when said technology is integrated into the local institutional ecosystem.

[0005] The invention makes it easier to choose among the different carbon capture and storage technologies.

[0006] Preferably, said method comprises an alternative step to the second step during which scientific research is carried out when said risk of social and / or environmental damage is present.

[0007] Scientific research helps identify the problems causing the risk. Thus, the risk can be avoided by implementing solutions.

[0008] Preferably, said method comprises an alternative step to the fourth step during which a local population is made aware when said technology is excluded from the local institutional ecosystem.

[0009] Raising awareness among the local public will increase the chances of integrating said technology into the local institutional ecosystem.

[0010] Advantageously, during said first step, the technology is classified in a first category when said technology captures and stores at least 1 million tonnes of CO2 per day, the technology is implemented on an area of ​​less than 100 m2 and said technology produces at least 100 L of water per day, or said technology is classified in a second category when said technology captures and stores at least 1000 tonnes of CO2 per day, the technology is implemented on an area of ​​less than 500 m2 and said technology produces at least 50 L of water per day, or said technology is classified in a third category when said technology captures and stores at least 100 tonnes of CO2 per day, the technology is implemented on an area of ​​less than 1000 m2 and said technology produces at least 1 L of water per day.

[0011] Advantageously, said plurality of qualitative criteria comprises an additionality criterion for which a global warming potential is less than 1 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent per day.

[0012] Advantageously, said plurality of qualitative criteria comprises a verifiability criterion for which the quantity of CO2 lost is less than 1000 kg.

[0013] Advantageously, said plurality of qualitative criteria comprises a location criterion for which a territory on which the technology is located is determined with an accuracy of plus or minus 10 m2.

[0014] Preferably, said qualitative criteria are studied according to a plurality of scientific indicators among an energy efficiency indicator, an exegetical efficiency indicator, an energy loss indicator, an indicator for measuring a quantity of CO2 captured and stored, an indicator of global warming potential and / or a financial indicator of conversion into euros per tonne of CO2 captured and stored.

[0015] The invention will be further detailed by the description of a non-limiting embodiment, and on the basis of the appended figure illustrating the invention, in which [Fig.l] schematically illustrates, in the form of a flowchart, a method of qualitative and quantitative analysis of a carbon capture and storage technology to assist in the investment decision according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0016] [Fig.l] illustrates schematically, in the form of a flowchart, a qualitative and quantitative analysis process for carbon capture and storage technology to assist in the investment decision. Carbon capture and storage technology is a technology for reducing carbon dioxide emissions, otherwise known as CO2, into the atmosphere. These CO2 emissions are responsible for perforation in the ozone layer of planet Earth. The deterioration of the ozone layer causes excessive entry of solar radiation into the atmosphere, which leads to global warming. threatening life on planet Earth. Carbon capture and storage technologies are designed to capture atmospheric CO2 and store it permanently to prevent it from contributing to global warming. There are currently a number of carbon capture and storage technologies. However, not all technologies are equal in terms of efficiency, economic costs, and social and environmental impacts. To determine whether a technology is worthwhile for the purpose of making a capital investment, it is necessary to establish an investment decision-making process to facilitate the decision to make an investment or not. In a first step, El, the technology is classified according to a number of qualitative criteria, and a criterion for estimating the risk of social and / or environmental damage is determined.Preferably, the technology is classified in a first category when said technology captures and stores at least 1 million tonnes of CO2 per day, the technology is implemented on a territory of less than 100 m2 and said technology produces at least 100 L of water per day, or said technology is classified in a second category when said technology captures and stores at least 1000 tonnes of CO2 per day, the technology is implemented on a territory of less than 500 m2 and said technology produces at least 50 L of water per day, or said technology is classified in a third category when said technology captures and stores at least 100 tonnes of CO2 per day, the technology is implemented on a territory of less than 1000 m2 and said technology produces at least 1 L of water per day.Technologies classified in the first category are considered to be of higher quality than technologies classified in the second category, and of even higher quality than technologies classified in the third category. Advantageously, the plurality of qualitative criteria includes an additionality criterion. Additionality is a method for assessing whether a technology generates an additional effect compared to what would not be produced without the implementation of said technology.There are two types of additionality: financial additionality, which determines whether the financial funds invested in said technology are necessary for a better result of the implementation of this technology, and environmental additionality which determines the environmental impacts by examining whether said technology generates a real benefit, in this case whether said technology actually makes it possible to reduce the effects of carbon dioxide in the context of global warming. The additionality criterion is met when the global warming potential is less than 1 million tonnes of CO2 per day including emissions of CO2, CH4 and NO2. The global warming potential is a measure of the capacity of a gas to retain heat from the atmosphere over a given period. Advantageously, the plurality of qualitative criteria includes a . verifiability criterion. The verifiability criterion is acquired by measuring the quantity of CO2 lost, making it possible to estimate whether the capture and storage of carbon by said technology is actually effective or whether too much CO2 is lost during the implementation of said technology, which reduces its effectiveness. The verifiability criterion is the criterion according to which it is possible to verify the reduction of CO2 in the environment and that this is attributable to the technology in question. The verifiability criterion is considered to be validated when the quantity of CO2 lost is less than 1000 kg. Advantageously, the plurality of qualitative criteria includes a location criterion. The location criterion is necessary to determine whether the place in which said technology is used is consistent with the desire to reduce the quantity of atmospheric CO2.The location criterion is considered to be met when the territory on which the technology is located can be determined with an accuracy of plus or minus 10 m2. Preferably, the plurality of qualitative criteria is studied according to a plurality of scientific indicators. The scientific indicators used are thermodynamic indicators, relating to an energy efficiency criterion and an exegetical efficiency criterion, and environmental indicators relating to at least one primary energy used, at least one raw material required, at least one natural resource used, at least one emission, a surface area used, an impact on global warming and / or at least one impact on the ecosystem.Preferably, the scientific indicators are chosen from an energy efficiency indicator, an exegetical efficiency indicator, an energy loss indicator, an indicator for measuring a quantity of CO2 captured and stored, an indicator of global warming potential and / or a financial indicator for conversion into euros per tonne of CO2 captured and stored. During a second step E2, a quantity of CO2 absorbed by said technology is estimated. The absorption of the quantity of CO2 allows the reduction of the quantity of CO2 in the environment. In addition, the sustainability of the reduction of the quantity of CO2 in the environment is also estimated by a quantitative thermodynamic analysis, a quantitative economic analysis and a quantitative environmental analysis. In other words, these analyses make it possible to determine whether the technology effectively captures CO2, and whether said technology sustainably stores the captured CO2.The second step E2 is implemented only when the risk of social and / or environmental damage is zero. In fact, a threshold value is determined for each qualitative criterion, the qualitative criterion having to be lower than the assigned threshold value. If the risk of social and / or environmental damage is present, then the second step E2 is not implemented. In this case, an alternative step to the second step during which scientific research is conducted to determine what are the reasons for the . presence of the risk of social and / or environmental damage. In a third step E3, the quantity of CO2 absorbed by the said technology is monitored over time. To do this, the quantity of CO2 absorbed is measured at a regular frequency over a predetermined observation period. Monitoring is based on an ownership criterion and a uniqueness criterion, on a governance robustness criterion and on a co-benefit criterion. The ownership criterion and the uniqueness criterion ensure that the reduction in the presence of atmospheric CO2 is only counted once, and is attributed to the said technology. The ownership criterion corresponds to the technology's capacity to capture and sequester a quantity of CO2 greater than or equal to 1000 tonnes. For the uniqueness criterion to be met, the technology must be implemented on a single territory less than 100 m2.The governance robustness criterion refers to the strength and reliability of the management of the implementation of the technology. Management must be transparent and public. As such, the technology must operate at least eight hours per day. The co-benefit criterion corresponds to a sharing of environmental, social and economic values ​​with the local population in a geographical area in which the technology will be implemented. The co-benefit criterion is met when the technology produces at least 1000 L of water per day and at least 10 kWh of electrical energy per day. The third stage E3 is implemented only when the said quantity of CO2 absorbed is greater than or equal to a first threshold value and the sustainability is greater than or equal to a second threshold value following the implementation of the second stage E2.In a fourth step E4, the integration of said technology into a local institutional ecosystem is verified. The local institutional ecosystem corresponds to all the institutions, organizations and interactions between the different actors in the same geographical area. The geographical area is on a regional scale for example. The objective of integrating said technology into the local institutional ecosystem is to adapt it in order to promote its effectiveness according to the local institutional ecosystem in which said technology is used. The fourth step is implemented provided that the quantity of CO2 absorbed is followed, and that the ownership criterion, the uniqueness criterion, the governance robustness criterion and the co-benefit criterion are verified in the third step E3.In a fifth step E5, implemented when the integration of the technology has been verified in the fourth step E4, the technology is determined to be a project in which it is interesting to invest. Preferably, if at the end of the fourth step E4 the technology is described as being excluded from the local institutional ecosystem, then said process includes an alternative step to the fourth step of raising public awareness of the need to integrate said technology to reduce the quantity of atmospheric CO2. spherical.

Claims

Claims

1. Method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of a carbon capture and storage technology, characterized in that said method comprises the following steps: - a first stage (El) of classification of said technology according to a plurality of qualitative criteria and a criterion for estimating a risk of social and / or environmental damage - a second step (E2) of estimating a quantity of CO2 absorbed by said technology inducing a reduction in the quantity of CO2 in the environment and the sustainability of said reduction by means of a quantitative thermodynamic analysis, a quantitative economic analysis and a quantitative environmental analysis when the risk of social and / or environmental damage is zero; - a third monitoring step (E3) during which the quantity of CO2 absorbed by said technology is assessed at a regular frequency over a predetermined observation period based on a property criterion for which the technology stores a quantity of CO2 greater than or equal to 1000 tonnes, a uniqueness criterion for which the technology is implemented on a single territory less than 100 m2, on a governance robustness criterion for which the technology must be implemented for at least 8 hours per day, and on a co-benefit criterion for which said technology produces at least 1000 L of water per day and at least 10 kWh of electrical energy per day when, during said second step, the quantity of CO2 absorbed is greater than or equal to a first threshold value and the sustainability is greater than or equal to a second threshold value; - a fourth verification step (E4) to determine whether the said technology is integrated into a local institutional ecosystem when, during the third step, the quantity of CO2 absorbed is monitored and the ownership criterion, the uniqueness criterion, the governance robustness criterion and the co-benefit criterion are verified; - a fifth step (E5) of confirmation of the choice of investment in said technology when said technology is integrated into the local institutional ecosystem.

2. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that said method comprises an alternative step to the second step during which scientific research is carried out when said risk of social and / or environmental damage is present.

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that said method comprises an alternative step to the fourth step during which a local population is made aware when said technology is excluded from the local institutional ecosystem.

4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that, during said first step, the technology is classified in a first category when said technology captures and stores at least 1 million tons of CO2 per day, the technology is implemented on a territory less than 100 m2 and said technology produces at least 100 L of water per day, or said technology is classified in a second category when said technology captures and stores at least 1000 tons of CO2 per day, the technology is implemented on a territory less than 500 m2 and said technology produces at least 50 L of water per day, or said technology is classified in a third category when said technology captures and stores at least 100 tons of CO2 per day, the technology is implemented on a territory less than 1000 m2 and said technology produces at least 1 L of water per day.

5. Method according to claim 4 characterized in that said plurality of qualitative criteria comprises an additionality criterion for which a global warming potential is less than 1 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent per day.

6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that said plurality of qualitative criteria comprises a verifiability criterion for which the quantity of CO2 lost is less than 1000 kg.

7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that said plurality of qualitative criteria comprises a location criterion for which a territory on which the technology is located is determined with an accuracy of plus or minus 10 m2.

8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said qualitative criteria are studied according to a plurality of scientific indicators among an energy efficiency indicator, an exegetical efficiency indicator, an energy loss indicator, an indicator for measuring a quantity of CO2 captured and stored, an indicator of global warming potential and / or a financial indicator of conversion into euros per tonne of CO2 captured and stored.

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