Battery thermal management device for electric or hybrid vehicles

Abstract

Thermal management device for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle comprising a thermal management circuit (1) comprising: - a main loop (A) comprising a compression device (2) comprising a low-pressure refrigerant inlet, an intermediate-pressure refrigerant inlet and a high-pressure refrigerant outlet, - a first bypass line (10), - a second bypass line (20) connected to the intermediate-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device (2), - a third bypass line (30) connected to the intermediate-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device (2), - a fourth bypass line (40), - a fifth bypass line (50) connected to the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device (2). Abstract figure: Fig 1

Description

Title of the invention: Thermal management device for batteries for electric or hybrid vehicles

[0001] The invention relates to the field of electric and hybrid motor vehicles and more particularly to a thermal management device for the passenger compartment and the batteries of such a motor vehicle.

[0002] Current electric or hybrid motor vehicles increasingly often include means for thermal management of the batteries as well as the passenger compartment. Indeed, in order for the batteries to be as efficient as possible, they must remain at an optimal operating temperature. It is therefore necessary to cool them during use so that they do not excessively exceed this optimal operating temperature. Similarly, it may also be necessary to heat them, for example in cold weather, so that the batteries reach this optimal operating temperature as quickly as possible. It is also important to be able to heat or cool the passenger compartment to ensure good comfort for its occupants.

[0003] It is thus known for efficient thermal management of batteries and the passenger compartment, to use refrigerant circuits comprising one or more expansion devices and heat exchangers. However, these architectures in order to have optimal efficiency are generally complex and are greedy in electrical energy.

[0004] One of the aims of the present invention is therefore to at least partially remedy the drawbacks of the prior art and to propose an improved management device.

[0005] The present invention relates to a thermal management device for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle comprising a thermal management circuit inside which a refrigerant fluid is intended to circulate, said thermal management circuit comprising: - a main loop comprising, in the direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid, a compression device comprising a low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet, an intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet and a high-pressure refrigerant fluid outlet, a radiator, a first expansion device and a first heat exchanger arranged upstream of the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device, - a first bypass line comprising a second heat exchanger and connecting the high-pressure refrigerant outlet of the compression device to the refrigerant outlet of the radiator, - a first device for redirecting the refrigerant fluid towards the radiator and / or towards the first bypass line, - a second bypass line comprising a second expansion device and connecting the refrigerant outlet of the radiator, and / or the refrigerant outlet of the first bypass line, to the intermediate pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device, - a second device for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the second bypass line and / or to the first heat exchanger, - a third bypass line comprising a third expansion device and connecting the refrigerant fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger to the intermediate pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device, - a third device for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the third bypass line and / or to the second heat exchanger, - a fourth bypass line comprising a fourth expansion device and connecting the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchanger to the refrigerant inlet of the radiator, - a fourth device for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the fourth bypass line, - a fifth bypass line connecting the refrigerant outlet of the radiator to the low pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device, - a fifth device for redirecting the refrigerant to the fifth bypass line.

[0006] According to one aspect of the invention, the compression device is a compressor comprising both a low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet, an intermediate pressure refrigerant fluid inlet and a high pressure refrigerant fluid outlet.

[0007] According to another aspect of the invention, the compression device comprises a first and a second compressor connected in series and an intermediate pressure refrigerant fluid inlet arranged between said first and second compressors.

[0008] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management circuit comprises a first internal heat exchanger arranged on the main loop and configured to allow heat exchanges between the high-pressure refrigerant fluid coming from the radiator with the low-pressure refrigerant fluid heading towards the compression device.

[0009] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management circuit comprises a second internal heat exchanger configured to allow heat exchanges between the high-pressure refrigerant fluid coming from the radiator, and / or from the first bypass pipe, with the intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid. crossing the second bypass pipe.

[0010] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a first operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device and then circulates in the radiator, at the outlet of the radiator, a first part of the high-pressure refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss when passing through the first expansion device to reach low pressure before passing through the first heat exchanger before reaching the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device, at the outlet of the radiator, a second part of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the second bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device, the refrigerant fluid then joins the refrigerant fluid inlet at intermediate pressure of the compression device.

[0011] According to another aspect of the invention, temporarily when the first operating mode is engaged, the second redirection device prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid leaving the radiator towards the second bypass pipe and the third redirection device allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid through the third expansion device so as to drain the refrigerant fluid contained in the first bypass pipe and the second heat exchanger.

[0012] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a second operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device and then flows to the first bypass line and passes through the second heat exchanger, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, the high-pressure refrigerant flows into the fourth bypass line and undergoes a first pressure loss when passing through the fourth expansion device, the refrigerant then joins the main loop and passes through the radiator, at the outlet of the radiator, the refrigerant undergoes a second pressure loss when passing through the first expansion device to reach low pressure before passing through the first heat exchanger before reaching the low pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device.

[0013] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a third operating mode in which: the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compression device and then flows to the first bypass line and passes through the second heat exchanger, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, a first portion of the refrigerant fluid at high pressure flows in the fourth bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss to reach low pressure by passing through the fourth expansion device, the refrigerant fluid then joins the main loop and passes through the radiator, at the outlet of the radiator, the refrigerant fluid passes through the fifth bypass line before joining the low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, a second part of the high pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the first bypass line to join the main loop and undergoes a pressure loss to reach low pressure by passing through the first expansion device, the refrigerant fluid then passes through the first heat exchanger before joining the low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device.

[0014] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a fourth operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device and then flows to the first bypass line, a portion of the high-pressure refrigerant then passes through the third bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the third redirection device before reaching the intermediate-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device, another portion of the high-pressure refrigerant passes through the second heat exchanger, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, a first portion of the high-pressure refrigerant circulates in the fourth bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss to reach low pressure by passing through the fourth expansion device, the refrigerant then joins the main loop and passes through the radiator, at the outlet of the radiator, the refrigerant passes through the fifth bypass line before joining the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, a second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant passes through the first bypass line to join the second bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device, the refrigerant then joins the intermediate-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device.

[0015] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management circuit comprises: - a sixth bypass line comprising a fifth expansion device arranged upstream of a third heat exchanger, said sixth bypass line connecting the refrigerant outlet of the radiator, and / or the refrigerant outlet of the first bypass line, to the low-pressure refrigerant inlet pressure of the compression device, and - a sixth device for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the sixth bypass line.

[0016] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a fifth operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device and then circulates in the radiator, at the outlet of the radiator, a first part of the high-pressure refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss when passing through the first expansion device to reach low pressure before passing through the first heat exchanger before reaching the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device, at the outlet of the radiator, a second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the second bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss when passing through the second expansion device to reach intermediate pressure before reaching the intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device, and at the outlet of the radiator, a third part of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the sixth bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss when passing through the fifth expansion device to reach low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger before reaching the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device.

[0017] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a sixth operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device and then circulates in the radiator, at the outlet of the radiator, a first part of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the second bypass pipe and undergoes a pressure loss when passing through the second expansion device to reach intermediate pressure before reaching the intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device, and at the outlet of the radiator a second part of the high pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the sixth bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss when passing through the fifth expansion device to reach low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger before reaching the low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device.

[0018] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a seventh operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device and then flows to the first bypass line and passes through the second heat exchanger, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, a first part of the high-pressure refrigerant circulates in the fourth bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss to reach low pressure by passing through the fourth expansion device, the refrigerant then joins the main loop and passes through the radiator, at the outlet of the radiator the refrigerant passes through the fifth bypass line before joining the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, a second part of the high-pressure refrigerant passes through the first bypass line, at the outlet of the first bypass line, a part of the refrigerant joins the second bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device,the refrigerant then joins the intermediate pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device, , at the outlet of the first bypass line, another portion of the refrigerant fluid joins the sixth bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss while passing through the fifth expansion device to arrive at low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger before joining the low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device.

[0019] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in an eighth operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device and then flows to the first bypass line and passes through the second heat exchanger, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, the refrigerant fluid passes through the first bypass pipe and, at the outlet of the first bypass line, a first part of the refrigerant fluid joins the second bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device, the refrigerant fluid then joins the refrigerant fluid inlet at intermediate pressure of the compression device, at the outlet of the first bypass line, a second portion of the refrigerant fluid joins the sixth bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss when passing through the fifth expansion device to reach low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger before joining the low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device.

[0020] According to another aspect of the invention, the first bypass pipe also comprises a sixth expansion device.

[0021] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a ninth operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device and then flows to the first bypass line, a first portion of the high-pressure refrigerant then passes through the third bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the third redirection device before reaching the intermediate pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device, a second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant passes through the second heat exchanger, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, a portion of the refrigerant passes through the first bypass line and undergoes a first pressure loss by passing through the sixth expansion device to reach a pressure higher than the intermediate pressure, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, another part of the refrigerant circulates in the fourth bypass pipe and undergoes a first pressure loss by passing through the fourth expansion device to reach a pressure higher than the intermediate pressure, the refrigerant then joins the main loop and passes through the radiator, at the outlet of the radiator this other part of the refrigerant joins the refrigerant having passed through the first bypass pipe, a part of the refrigerant then joins the second bypass pipe and undergoes a second pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device, the refrigerant then joins the refrigerant inlet at intermediate pressure of the compression device,another portion of the refrigerant fluid joins the sixth bypass line and undergoes a second pressure loss as it passes through the fifth expansion device to arrive at low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger before joining the low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device.

[0022] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a tenth operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device and then flows to the first bypass line, a first portion of the refrigerant fluid then passes through the third bypass line and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the third redirection device before reaching the intermediate pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device, a second part of the refrigerant fluid passes through the second heat exchanger, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, a part of the refrigerant fluid passes through the first bypass pipe and undergoes a first pressure loss when passing through the sixth expansion device to reach a pressure higher than the in- intermediate, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger, another part of the refrigerant circulates in the fourth bypass pipe and undergoes a first pressure loss by passing through the fourth expansion device to reach a pressure higher than the intermediate pressure, the refrigerant then joins the main loop and passes through the radiator, at the outlet of the radiator this other part of the refrigerant joins the refrigerant having passed through the first bypass pipe, the refrigerant then joins the sixth bypass pipe and undergoes a second pressure loss by passing through the fifth expansion device to reach low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger before joining the low pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device.

[0023] Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description, provided for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, and the appended drawings in which:

[0024] [Fig-1] [Fig.l] is a schematic representation of a cooling circuit of a thermal management device,

[0025] [Fig.2] [Fig.2] is a schematic representation of a compression device according to an alternative,

[0026] [Fig.3] [Fig.3] is a schematic representation of the fluid circuit device refrigerant of [Fig.l] according to a first mode of operation,

[0027] [Fig.4] [Fig.4] is a schematic representation of the fluid circuit device refrigerant of [Fig.l] according to a variant of the first mode of operation,

[0028] [Fig.5] [Fig.5] is a schematic representation of the fluid circuit device refrigerant of [Fig.l] according to a second mode of operation,

[0029] [Fig.6] [Fig.6] is a schematic representation of the fluid circuit device refrigerant of [Fig.l] according to a third mode of operation,

[0030] [Fig.7] [Fig.7] is a schematic representation of the fluid circuit device refrigerant of [Fig.l] according to a fourth mode of operation,

[0031] [Fig.8] [Fig.8] is a schematic representation of the fluid circuit device refrigerant of [Fig.l] according to a fifth mode of operation,

[0032] [Fig.9] [Fig.9] is a schematic representation of the fluid circuit device refrigerant of [Fig.l] according to a sixth mode of operation,

[0033] [Fig. 10]] [Fig. 10] is a schematic representation of the refrigerant circuit device of [Fig.l] according to a seventh mode of operation,

[0034] [Fig. 11]] [Fig. 11] is a schematic representation of the refrigerant circuit device of [Fig.l] according to an eighth mode of operation,

[0035] [Fig. 12] [Fig. 12] is a schematic representation of the refrigerant circuit device of [Fig.l] according to a variant and a ninth mode of operation,

[0036] [Fig. 13] [Fig. 13] is a schematic representation of the refrigerant circuit device of [Fig. 12] according to a tenth mode of operation.

[0037] In the various figures, identical elements bear the same reference numbers.

[0038] The following embodiments are examples. Although the description refers to one or more embodiments, this does not necessarily mean that each reference relates to the same embodiment, or that the features apply only to a single embodiment. Single features of different embodiments may also be combined and / or interchanged to provide other embodiments.

[0039] In the present description, certain elements or parameters may be indexed, such as for example first element or second element as well as first parameter and second parameter or even first criterion and second criterion, etc. In this case, it is a simple indexing to differentiate and name elements or parameters or criteria that are close, but not identical. This indexing does not imply a priority of one element, parameter or criterion over another and such names can easily be interchanged without departing from the scope of the present description. This indexing also does not imply an order in time for example to assess this or that criterion.

[0040] In the present description, the term "placed upstream" means that an element is placed before another with respect to the direction of circulation of a fluid. Conversely, the term "placed downstream" means that an element is placed after another with respect to the direction of circulation of the fluid.

[0041] [Fig.l] shows a thermal management device for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle comprising a thermal management circuit 1 inside which a refrigerant fluid is intended to circulate. This refrigerant fluid may for example be R744.

[0042] This thermal management circuit 1 comprises in particular in this architecture, a main loop A as well as five branch lines 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50.

[0043] The main loop A comprises, in the direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid, a compression device 2 comprising a low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet, an intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet and a high-pressure refrigerant fluid outlet, a radiator 3, a first expansion device 4 and a first heat exchanger 5 arranged upstream of the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0044] According to a first example illustrated in [Fig.l], the compression device 2 may be a compressor, for example multi-stage, comprising both a low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet, an intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet and a high pressure refrigerant outlet.

[0045] According to a second example illustrated in [Fig.2], the compression device 2 may comprise a first 2a and a second 2b compressor connected in series. This compression device 2 may also comprise an intermediate pressure refrigerant fluid inlet 20b arranged between the first 2a and second 2b compressors.

[0046] The radiator 3 may in particular be an evaporator-condenser arranged on the vehicle so as to be crossed by an external air flow, for example on the front face.

[0047] The first heat exchanger 5 may be an evaporator arranged for example within a heating, ventilation and air conditioning device. The first heat exchanger 5 is thus intended to also be crossed by an air flow intended for the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

[0048] The thermal management circuit 1 may also comprise a first internal heat exchanger 7. The first internal heat exchanger 7 is arranged on the main loop A and is configured to allow heat exchanges between the high-pressure refrigerant fluid coming from the radiator 3 with the low-pressure refrigerant fluid heading towards the compression device 2. This first internal heat exchanger 7 makes it possible in particular to improve the coefficient of performance of the thermal management device 1 in certain operating modes.

[0049] The first internal heat exchanger 7 is, in the example illustrated in [Fig. 1], arranged, on the main loop A, downstream of the radiator 3 for its high-pressure part and, still on the main loop A, upstream of the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2 for its low-pressure part.

[0050] The thermal management circuit 1 may further comprise, on its main loop A, a phase separation device 6 arranged upstream of the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2 for its low-pressure part. More particularly, this phase separation device 6 may be arranged upstream of the low-pressure part of the first internal heat exchanger 7.

[0051] Still as illustrated in [Fig.l], the thermal management circuit 1 also comprises a first bypass pipe 10 comprising a second heat exchanger 11. This first bypass pipe 10 connects in particular the high-pressure refrigerant outlet of the compression device 2 to the refrigerant outlet of the radiator 3. The first bypass pipe 10 can thus connect a first connection point 10a to a second connection point 10b. The first connection point 10a is arranged on the main loop A downstream of the high-pressure refrigerant outlet of the compression device 2, between said high-pressure refrigerant outlet of the compression device 2 and the radiator 3. The second connection point 10b is arranged on the main loop A, downstream of the radiator 3, between said radiator 3 and the first expansion device 4. More particularly, the second connection point 10b can be arranged downstream of the high pressure part of the first internal heat exchanger 7.

[0052] The second heat exchanger 11 may be a condenser arranged for example within a heating, ventilation and air conditioning device. The second heat exchanger 11 is thus intended to also be crossed by an internal air flow intended for the passenger compartment of the vehicle. More particularly, the second heat exchanger 11 may be arranged downstream of the first heat exchanger 5, in the direction of circulation of the internal air flow.

[0053] The thermal management circuit 1 also comprises a first device 71, 72 for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the radiator 3 and / or to the first bypass pipe 10. In the example illustrated in [Fig.l], this first redirection device comprises a first 71 and a second 72 stop valve. The first stop valve 71 is arranged on the first bypass pipe 10 downstream of the first connection point 10a, between the first connection point 10a and the second heat exchanger 11. The second stop valve is arranged on the main loop A downstream of the compression device 2, between the compression device 2 and the radiator 3. Other embodiments of this first redirection device 71, 72 can also be envisaged, such as for example a three-way valve arranged on the first connection point 10a of the first bypass pipe 10.

[0054] The thermal management circuit 1 may also comprise a non-return valve 75 arranged on the main loop A upstream of the second connection point 10b of the first bypass pipe 10. This non-return valve 75 is in particular configured to prevent the reflux of refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the first bypass pipe 10 towards the radiator 3. More particularly, this non-return valve is arranged downstream of the high-pressure part of the first internal heat exchanger 7.

[0055] The thermal management circuit 1 further comprises a second bypass pipe 20 comprising a second expansion device 21. This second bypass pipe 20 connects the refrigerant outlet of the radiator 3, and / or the refrigerant outlet of the first bypass pipe 10, to the intermediate pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device 2. This second bypass pipe 20 can thus connect a first connection point 20a to a second connection point 20b. The first connection point 20a is in particular arranged on the main loop A upstream of the first expansion device 21. expansion 4, between the first expansion device 4 and the second connection point 10b of the first bypass line 10. The second connection point 20b is connected to the intermediate pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0056] The thermal management circuit 1 may also comprise a second internal heat exchanger 22. The second internal heat exchanger 22 is configured to allow heat exchanges between the high-pressure refrigerant fluid coming from the radiator 3, and / or from the first bypass pipe 10, with the intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid passing through the second bypass pipe 20. This second internal heat exchanger 22 makes it possible in particular to improve the coefficient of performance of the thermal management device 1 in certain operating modes.

[0057] The second internal heat exchanger 22 is, in the example illustrated in [Fig. 1], arranged on the main loop A, downstream of the second connection point 10a of the first bypass pipe 10 as regards its high pressure part and on the second bypass pipe 20 downstream of the second expansion device 21 as regards its intermediate pressure part.

[0058] The thermal management circuit 1 also comprises a second redirection device 4, 21 for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the second bypass line 20 and / or to the first heat exchanger 5. In the example illustrated in [Fig.l], this second redirection device is composed of the first 4 and second 21 expansion devices. Indeed, the latter may be electronic expansion valves comprising a stop function. Other embodiments of this second redirection device 4, 21 may also be envisaged, such as, for example, a three-way valve arranged on the first connection point 20a of the second bypass line 20 or simple stop valves.

[0059] The thermal management circuit 1 also comprises a third bypass pipe 30 comprising a third expansion device 31. This third bypass pipe 30 connects the refrigerant fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger 11 to the intermediate pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2. The third bypass pipe 30 can thus connect a first connection point 30a to a second connection point 30b. The first connection point 30a is arranged on the first bypass pipe 10 upstream of the second heat exchanger 11, between said second heat exchanger 11 and the first connection point 10a of the first bypass pipe 10.The second connection point 30b is arranged on the second bypass pipe 20 downstream of the second expansion device 22, between the second expansion device 22 and the intermediate pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the . compression device 2. More particularly, the second connection point 30b is arranged downstream of the intermediate pressure part of the second internal heat exchanger 22.

[0060] The thermal management circuit 1 also comprises a third redirection device 31, 73 for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the third bypass line 30 and / or to the second heat exchanger 11. In the example illustrated in [Fig.l], this third redirection device is composed of the third expansion device 31 and a stop valve 73. For this, the third expansion device 31 may be an electronic expansion valve comprising a stop function. The stop valve 73 is disposed on the first bypass line 10, downstream of the first connection point 30a of the third bypass line 30. Other embodiments of this third redirection device 31, 73 may also be envisaged, such as, for example, a three-way valve disposed on the first connection point 30a of the third bypass line 30.

[0061] The thermal management circuit 1 may comprise a non-return valve 76 arranged on the second bypass pipe 20 upstream of the second connection point 30b of the third bypass pipe 30. This non-return valve 76 is configured to prevent the reflux of refrigerant fluid from the third bypass pipe 30 towards the second expansion device 21. More particularly, this non-return valve 76 may be arranged downstream of the intermediate pressure part of the second internal heat exchanger 22.

[0062] The thermal management circuit 1 also comprises a fourth bypass pipe 40 comprising a fourth expansion device 4L. This fourth bypass pipe 40 connects the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchanger 11 to the refrigerant inlet of the radiator 3. The fourth bypass pipe 40 can thus connect a first connection point 40a to a second connection point 40b. The first connection point 40a is arranged on the first bypass pipe 10 downstream of the second heat exchanger 11, between said second heat exchanger 11 and the second connection point 10b of the first bypass pipe 10. The second connection point 40b is arranged on the main loop A upstream of the radiator 3, between the radiator 3 and the first connection point 10a of the first bypass pipe 10.

[0063] The thermal management circuit 1 also comprises a fourth device 41, 73 for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the fourth bypass pipe 40. In the example illustrated in [Fig.l], this fourth redirection device is composed of the fourth expansion device 41 and a stop valve 73. For this, the fourth expansion device 41 may be an electronic expansion valve comprising a stop function. The stop valve 73 is arranged on the first pipe of diversion 10, downstream of the first connection point 40a of the fourth diversion pipe 40. The same stop valve 73 can serve both for the third and the fourth redirection device if the latter is arranged on the first diversion pipe 10 downstream of the first connection point 40a of the fourth diversion pipe 40. Other embodiments of this fourth redirection device 41, 73 can also be envisaged, such as for example a three-way valve arranged on the first connection point 40a of the fourth diversion pipe 40.

[0064] The thermal management circuit 1 also comprises a fifth bypass pipe 50 connecting the refrigerant outlet of the radiator 3 to the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device 2. The fifth bypass pipe 50 can thus connect a first connection point 50a to a second connection point 50b. The first connection point 50a is arranged on the main loop A downstream of the radiator 3, between the radiator 3 and the second connection point 10b of the first bypass pipe 10. More precisely, the first connection point 50a is arranged upstream of the high-pressure part of the first internal heat exchanger 7. The second connection point 50b is arranged on the main loop A downstream of the first heat exchanger 5, between the first heat exchanger 5 and the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device 2.More particularly, the second connection point 50b can be arranged upstream of the phase separation device 6 or upstream of the low pressure part of the first internal heat exchanger 7.

[0065] The thermal management circuit 1 also comprises a fifth redirection device 4, 21, 74 for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the fifth bypass line 50. In the example illustrated in [Fig.l], this fifth redirection device is composed of the first 4 and second 21 expansion devices and a stop valve 74. Indeed, the expansion devices can be electronic expansion valves comprising a stop function and can serve both for the second redirection device and this fifth redirection device. The stop valve 74 is disposed on the fifth bypass line 50. Other embodiments of this fifth redirection device 4, 21, 74 can also be envisaged, such as for example a three-way valve disposed on the first connection point 50a of the fifth bypass line 40.

[0066] The thermal management circuit 1 may comprise a non-return valve 77 arranged on the main loop A downstream of the first heat exchanger 5, between the first heat exchanger 5 and the second connection point 50b of the fifth bypass pipe 50. This non-return valve 77 is configured to prevent the reflux of refrigerant fluid from the fifth bypass pipe 50. to the first heat exchanger 5.

[0067] The thermal management device can be configured to operate according to different operating modes illustrated in Figures 3 to 13. In these different Figures 3 to 13, arrows are shown to illustrate the direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid. The active pipes and elements are shown in solid lines and the inactive pipes and elements are shown in dotted lines.

[0068] First mode of operation:

[0069] The thermal management device 1 can be configured to operate in a first operating mode illustrated in [Fig. 3] and in which the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compression device 2 and then circulates in the radiator 3. By passing through the radiator 3 the refrigerant fluid releases heat energy, for example to the external air flow.

[0070] At the outlet of the radiator 3, a first high-pressure refrigerant fluid portion undergoes a pressure loss by passing through the first expansion device 4 to reach low pressure before passing through the first heat exchanger 5. By passing through the first heat exchanger 5, the refrigerant fluid absorbs heat energy, for example from the internal air flow, cooling the latter. The refrigerant fluid then reaches the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0071] At the outlet of the radiator 3, a second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the second bypass pipe 20 and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device 21. The refrigerant fluid then reaches the intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0072] This first mode of operation thus makes it possible to cool the internal air flow passing through the first heat exchanger 5 in order, for example, to cool the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle. The excess heat energy of the refrigerant fluid is discharged into the outside air via the radiator 3.

[0073] In this first mode of operation, the first redirection device 71, 72 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the compression device 2 towards the first bypass pipe 10.

[0074] The second redirection device 4, 21 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the radiator 3 towards the second bypass pipe 20 and towards the first heat exchanger 5.

[0075] The third redirection device 31 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the third bypass pipe 30.

[0076] The fourth redirection device 41 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fourth bypass pipe 40.

[0077] Finally, the fifth redirection device 74 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fifth bypass pipe 50.

[0078] In this first operating mode as well as in the other operating modes mentioned below, the injection of refrigerant fluid at intermediate pressure into the compression device 2 makes it possible to work with high compression ratios. The final compression ratio is thus capable of being high while having reasonable intermediate ratios and respecting the maximum discharge temperature authorized at the outlet of the compression device 2. Indeed, in a single-stage compressor, there is a constraint to respect concerning the maximum compression ratio which can be quickly reached when the low pressure is very low.

[0079] As illustrated in [Fig.4], temporarily when the first operating mode is engaged, for example for a few seconds, the second redirection device 4, 21 can prevent the circulation of the refrigerant fluid leaving the radiator 3 towards the second bypass pipe 20. The third redirection device 31 can allow the circulation of the refrigerant fluid through the third expansion device 31 so as to drain the refrigerant fluid contained in the first bypass pipe 10 and the second heat exchanger 11.

[0080] The interest of this draining at the activation of this first mode of operation is linked to compliance with the maximum average density of the refrigerant fluid authorized in the loop. When the refrigerant fluid is R744 this maximum average density is of the order of 260 g / L. The refrigerant fluid, with a density corresponding to that prior to the activation of this first mode of operation, trapped in the second heat exchanger 11 as well as in the pipes is then reinjected into the main loop A. It is then possible and advantageous to have small volumes of refrigerant fluid at high pressure and large volumes of refrigerant fluid at low pressure to best respect the maximum average density of the refrigerant fluid in the loop.

[0081] Second mode of operation:

[0082] The thermal management device 1 can be configured to operate in a second operating mode illustrated in [Fig.5] and in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device 2 and then circulates towards the first bypass pipe 10. The refrigerant passes through the second heat exchanger 11 and releases heat energy for example to the internal air flow by heating the latter.

[0083] At the outlet of the second heat exchanger 11, the high-pressure refrigerant fluid circulates in the fourth bypass pipe 40 and undergoes a first loss of pressure by passing through the fourth expansion device 41. The refrigerant fluid then joins the main loop A and passes through the radiator 3 and again releases heat energy, for example to the external air flow. At the outlet of the radiator 3, the refrigerant undergoes a second pressure loss by passing through the first expansion device 4 to reach low pressure. The refrigerant passes through the first heat exchanger 5. By passing through the first heat exchanger 5, the refrigerant absorbs heat energy, for example, from the internal air flow by cooling the latter. The refrigerant then joins the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device 2.

[0084] This second operating mode thus makes it possible to cool and then heat the internal air flow passing through the first 5 and the second 11 heat exchanger in order, for example, to dehumidify it for a demisting function. The excess heat energy of the refrigerant at the outlet of the second heat exchanger 11 is discharged into the outside air via the radiator 3.

[0085] In this second mode of operation, the first redirection device 71, 72 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the compression device 2 only towards the first bypass pipe 10.

[0086] The second redirection device 4, 21 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid leaving the radiator 3 only towards the first heat exchanger 5.

[0087] The third redirection device 31 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the third bypass line 30.

[0088] The fourth redirection device 41 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid only in the fourth bypass pipe 40.

[0089] Finally, the fifth redirection device 74 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fifth bypass pipe 50.

[0090] Third mode of operation:

[0091] The thermal management device 1 can be configured to operate in a third operating mode illustrated in [Fig.6] and in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device 2 and then circulates towards the first bypass pipe 10. The refrigerant passes through the second heat exchanger 11 and releases heat energy for example to the internal air flow by heating the latter.

[0092] At the outlet of the second heat exchanger 11, a first part of the high-pressure refrigerant circulates in the fourth bypass pipe 40 and undergoes a pressure loss to reach low pressure by passing through the fourth expansion device 4L. The refrigerant then joins the main loop A and passes through the radiator 3. By passing through the radiator 3, the refrigerant absorbs heat energy from the external air flow. At the outlet of the radiator 3, the refrigerant passes through the fifth bypass line 50 before joining the low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0093] At the outlet of the second heat exchanger 11, a second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant passes through the first bypass pipe 10 to reach the main loop A. The refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss to reach low pressure by passing through the first expansion device 4. The refrigerant then passes through the first heat exchanger 5. By passing through the first heat exchanger 5, the refrigerant absorbs heat energy, for example from the internal air flow, cooling the latter. The refrigerant then joins the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device 2.

[0094] This third operating mode thus makes it possible to cool and then heat the internal air flow passing through the first 5 and the second 11 heat exchanger in order, for example, to dehumidify it for a demisting function. The heat energy required to heat the internal air flow via the second heat exchanger 11 is recovered from the external air flow via the radiator 3.

[0095] In this third mode of operation, the first redirection device 71, 72 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the compression device 2 only towards the first bypass pipe 10.

[0096] The second redirection device 4, 21 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid leaving the radiator 3 only towards the first heat exchanger 5.

[0097] The third redirection device 31 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the third bypass line 30.

[0098] The fourth redirection device 41 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fourth bypass pipe 40.

[0099] Finally, the fifth redirection device 74 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid only in the fifth bypass pipe 50.

[0100] Fourth mode of operation:

[0101] The thermal management device 1 may be configured to operate in a fourth operating mode illustrated in [Fig.7] and in which the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compression device 2 and then circulates towards the first bypass line 10.

[0102] A portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid then passes through the third bypass line 30 and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the third redirection device 31 before reaching the intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0103] Another part of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the second heat exchanger and releases heat energy, for example, to the internal air flow by heating the latter.

[0104] At the outlet of the second heat exchanger 11, a first portion of the high-pressure refrigerant circulates in the fourth bypass pipe 40 and undergoes a pressure loss to reach low pressure by passing through the fourth expansion device 41. The refrigerant then joins the main loop A and passes through the radiator 3. By passing through the radiator 3, the refrigerant absorbs heat energy from the external air flow. At the outlet of the radiator 3, the refrigerant passes through the fifth bypass pipe 50 before joining the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device 2.

[0105] At the outlet of the second heat exchanger 11, a second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the first bypass pipe 10 to join the main loop A. The refrigerant fluid then joins the second bypass pipe 20 and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device 21. The refrigerant fluid then joins the intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0106] This fourth operating mode thus makes it possible to heat the internal air flow passing through the second heat exchanger 11 in order, for example, to heat the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle. The heat energy required to heat the internal air flow via the second heat exchanger 11 is recovered from the external air flow via the radiator 3. The fact that a portion of the refrigerant fluid passes through the third expansion device 31 allows the latter to increase the thermal heating capacity by controlling the intermediate pressure.

[0107] In this fourth mode of operation, the first redirection device 71, 72 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the compression device 2 only towards the first bypass pipe 10.

[0108] The second redirection device 4, 21 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the radiator 3 only towards the second bypass pipe 20.

[0109] The third redirection device 31 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the third bypass pipe 30.

[0110] The fourth redirection device 41 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fourth bypass pipe 40.

[0111] Finally, the fifth redirection device 74 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid only in the fifth bypass pipe 50.

[0112] Returning to [Fig. 1], the thermal management circuit 1 may also comprise a sixth bypass pipe 60 comprising a fifth expansion device 61 arranged upstream of a third heat exchanger 62. This sixth bypass pipe 60 is in particular connected in parallel with the first expansion device 4 and the first heat exchanger 5. The sixth bypass pipe 60 connects the refrigerant fluid outlet of the radiator 3, and / or the refrigerant fluid outlet 10b refrigerant of the first bypass line 10, to the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device 2. The sixth bypass line 60 can thus connect a first connection point 60a to a second connection point 60b. The first connection point 60a is arranged on the main loop A downstream of the radiator 3, between the radiator 3 and the first expansion device 4. More particularly, the first connection point 60a can be arranged downstream of the high-pressure part of the second internal heat exchanger 22. The second connection point 60b is arranged on the main loop A downstream of the first heat exchanger 5, between the first heat exchanger 5 and the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device 2.More particularly, the second connection point 60b can be arranged upstream of the phase separation device 6 or upstream of the low pressure part of the first internal heat exchanger 7.

[0113] The third heat exchanger 62 may in particular be a cooler intended to exchange directly or indirectly with the batteries of the electric or hybrid motor vehicle.

[0114] The thermal management circuit 1 also comprises a sixth redirection device 4, 21, 61 for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the sixth bypass line 60. In the example illustrated in [Fig.l], this sixth redirection device is composed of the first 4 and second 21 expansion devices as well as the fifth expansion device 61. Indeed, the latter can be electronic expansion valves comprising a stop function. The first 4 and second 21 expansion devices can thus serve both as the second and sixth redirection devices. Other embodiments of this sixth redirection device 4, 21, 61 can also be envisaged, such as for example a three-way valve arranged on the first connection point 60a of the sixth bypass line 60 or simple stop valves.

[0115] The sixth bypass pipe 60 may also comprise a non-return valve 78 arranged downstream of the third heat exchanger 62. This non-return valve 78 is in particular configured to prevent a reflux of refrigerant fluid towards the third heat exchanger 62, for example coming from the first heat exchanger 5 or from the fifth bypass pipe 50.

[0116] Fifth mode of operation:

[0117] The thermal management device 1 can be configured to operate in a fifth operating mode illustrated in [Fig.8] and in which the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compression device 2 and then circulates in the radiator 3. By passing through the radiator 3 the refrigerant fluid gives off heat energy, for example to the external air flow.

[0118] At the outlet of the radiator 3, a first portion of the high-pressure refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss by passing through the first expansion device 4 to reach low pressure before passing through the first heat exchanger 5. By passing through the first heat exchanger 5, the refrigerant absorbs heat energy, for example from the internal air flow, cooling the latter. The refrigerant then reaches the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device 2.

[0119] At the outlet of the radiator 3, a second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the second bypass pipe 20 and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device 21. The refrigerant fluid then reaches the intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0120] At the outlet of the radiator 3, a third part of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the sixth bypass pipe 60 and undergoes a pressure loss when passing through the fifth expansion device 61 to arrive at low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger 62. By passing through the third heat exchanger 62, the refrigerant fluid absorbs heat energy coming for example from the batteries by cooling the latter. The refrigerant fluid then joins the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0121] This fifth operating mode thus makes it possible to cool the internal air flow passing through the first heat exchanger 5 in order, for example, to cool the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle as well as the batteries of the latter via the third heat exchanger 62. The excess heat energy of the refrigerant fluid is evacuated into the outside air via the radiator 3.

[0122] In this fifth mode of operation, the first redirection device 71, 72 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the compression device 2 towards the first bypass pipe 10.

[0123] The second redirection device 4, 21 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the radiator 3 towards the second bypass pipe 20 and towards the first heat exchanger 5.

[0124] The third redirection device 31 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the third bypass line 30.

[0125] The fourth redirection device 41 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fourth bypass line 40.

[0126] The fifth redirection device 74 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fifth bypass line 50.

[0127] Finally, the sixth redirection device 4, 21, 61 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the radiator 3 also towards the sixth bypass pipe 60.

[0128] Sixth mode of operation:

[0129] The thermal management device 1 can be configured to operate in a sixth operating mode illustrated in [Fig.9] and in which the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compression device 2 and then circulates in the radiator 3. By passing through the radiator 3 the refrigerant fluid releases heat energy, for example to the external air flow.

[0130] At the outlet of the radiator 3, a first part of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the second bypass pipe 20 and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device 21. The refrigerant fluid then reaches the intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0131] At the outlet of the radiator 3, a second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the sixth bypass pipe 60 and undergoes a pressure loss while passing through the fifth expansion device 61 to arrive at low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger 62. By passing through the third heat exchanger 62, the refrigerant fluid absorbs heat energy coming for example from the batteries by cooling the latter. The refrigerant fluid then joins the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0132] This sixth operating mode thus makes it possible to cool the batteries of the motor vehicle via the third heat exchanger 62. The excess heat energy of the refrigerant fluid is evacuated into the outside air via the radiator 3.

[0133] In this sixth mode of operation, the first redirection device 71, 72 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the compression device 2 towards the first bypass pipe 10.

[0134] The second redirection device 4, 21 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid leaving the radiator 3 only towards the second bypass pipe 20 and prevents its circulation towards the first heat exchanger 5.

[0135] The third redirection device 31 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the third bypass line 30.

[0136] The fourth redirection device 41 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fourth bypass pipe 40.

[0137] The fifth redirection device 74 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fifth bypass line 50.

[0138] Finally, the sixth redirection device 4, 21, 61 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the radiator 3 also towards the sixth bypass pipe 60.

[0139] Seventh mode of operation:

[0140] The thermal management device 1 may be configured to operate in a seventh operating mode illustrated in [Fig. 10] and in which the fluid re refrigerant is compressed by the compression device 2 and then flows to the first bypass line 10. The refrigerant passes through the second heat exchanger 11 and releases heat energy, for example, to the internal air flow by heating the latter.

[0141] At the outlet of the second heat exchanger 11, a first portion of the high-pressure refrigerant circulates in the fourth bypass pipe 40 and undergoes a pressure loss to reach low pressure by passing through the fourth expansion device 41. The refrigerant then joins the main loop A and passes through the radiator 3. By passing through the radiator 3, the refrigerant recovers heat energy, for example from the external air flow. At the outlet of the radiator 3, the refrigerant passes through the fifth bypass pipe 50 before joining the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device 2.

[0142] At the outlet of the second heat exchanger 11, a second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the first bypass pipe 10.

[0143] At the outlet of the first bypass pipe 10, a portion of the refrigerant fluid joins the second bypass pipe 20 and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device 21. The refrigerant fluid then joins the refrigerant fluid inlet at intermediate pressure of the compression device 2.

[0144] Still at the outlet of the first bypass pipe 10, another portion of the refrigerant fluid joins the sixth bypass pipe 60 and undergoes a pressure loss by passing through the fifth expansion device 61 to arrive at low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger 62. By passing through the third heat exchanger 62, the refrigerant fluid absorbs heat energy coming for example from the batteries by cooling the latter. The refrigerant fluid then joins the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0145] This seventh operating mode thus makes it possible to heat the internal air flow via the second heat exchanger 11, for example to heat the passenger compartment. The necessary heat energy is recovered from the outside air via the radiator 3 as well as from the batteries via the third heat exchanger 62.

[0146] In this seventh mode of operation, the first redirection device 71, 72 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the compression device 2 only towards the first bypass pipe 10.

[0147] The second redirection device 4, 21 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the first bypass pipe 10 towards the second bypass pipe 20 and prevents its circulation towards the first heat exchanger 5.

[0148] The third redirection device 31 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the third bypass line 30.

[0149] The fourth redirection device 41 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fourth bypass pipe 40 and in the first bypass pipe 10.

[0150] The fifth redirection device 74 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid only in the fifth bypass pipe 50.

[0151] Finally, the sixth redirection device 4, 21, 61 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the radiator 3 also towards the sixth bypass pipe 60.

[0152] Eighth mode of operation:

[0153] The thermal management device 1 can be configured to operate in an eighth operating mode illustrated in [Fig. 11] and in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device 2 and then circulates towards the first bypass pipe 10. The refrigerant passes through the second heat exchanger 11 and releases heat energy for example to the internal air flow by heating the latter.

[0154] At the outlet of the second heat exchanger 11, the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the first bypass pipe 10.

[0155] At the outlet of the first bypass pipe 10, a first portion of the refrigerant fluid joins the second bypass pipe 20 and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device 21. The refrigerant fluid then joins the refrigerant fluid inlet at intermediate pressure of the compression device 2.

[0156] Still at the outlet of the first bypass pipe 10, a second portion of the refrigerant fluid joins the sixth bypass pipe 60 and undergoes a pressure loss by passing through the fifth expansion device 61 to arrive at low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger 62. By passing through the third heat exchanger 62, the refrigerant fluid absorbs heat energy coming for example from the batteries by cooling the latter. The refrigerant fluid then joins the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0157] This eighth operating mode thus makes it possible to heat the internal air flow via the second heat exchanger 11, for example to heat the passenger compartment. The necessary heat energy is recovered from the batteries via the third heat exchanger 62.

[0158] In this eighth operating mode, the first redirection device 71, 72 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the compression device 2 only towards the first bypass pipe 10.

[0159] The second redirection device 4, 21 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the first bypass pipe 10 towards the second bypass pipe rivation 20 and prevents its circulation towards the first heat exchanger 5.

[0160] The third redirection device 31 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the third bypass line 30.

[0161] The fourth redirection device 41 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fourth bypass line 40.

[0162] The fifth redirection device 74 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fifth bypass line 50.

[0163] Finally, the sixth redirection device 4, 21, 61 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the radiator 3 also towards the sixth bypass pipe 60.

[0164] As illustrated in Figures 12 and 13, the first bypass line 10 may also comprise a sixth expansion device 73'. The sixth expansion device 73' is arranged on the first bypass line 10 downstream of the fourth bypass line 40. In the example illustrated in Figures 12 and 13, this sixth expansion device 73' may comprise a shut-off function and replace the shut-off valve 73. According to an alternative not shown, the first bypass line 10 may comprise a seventh expansion device arranged upstream of the fourth bypass line, for example replacing the shut-off valve 71.

[0165] Ninth mode of operation:

[0166] The thermal management device may be configured to operate in a ninth operating mode illustrated in [Fig. 12] and in which the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compression device 2 and then flows to the first bypass line 10.

[0167] A first portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid then passes through the third bypass line 30 and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the third redirection device 31 before reaching the intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0168] A second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the second heat exchanger 11 and transfers heat energy, for example, to the internal air flow by heating the latter.

[0169] At the outlet of the second heat exchanger 11, a portion of the refrigerant fluid passes through the first bypass pipe 10 and undergoes a first pressure loss when passing through the sixth expansion device 73' to reach a pressure higher than the intermediate pressure.

[0170] At the outlet of the second heat exchanger 11 another portion of the refrigerant fluid circulates in the fourth bypass pipe 40 and undergoes a first pressure loss when passing through the fourth expansion device 41 to reach a pressure higher than the intermediate pressure. The refrigerant fluid then rejoins the loop main A and passes through the radiator 3. By passing through the radiator 3, the refrigerant gives off heat energy. At the outlet of the radiator 3, this other part of the refrigerant joins the refrigerant having passed through the first bypass pipe 10.

[0171] A portion of the refrigerant fluid then joins the second bypass line 20 and undergoes a second pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device 21. The refrigerant fluid then joins the refrigerant fluid inlet at intermediate pressure of the compression device 2.

[0172] Another portion of the refrigerant fluid joins the sixth bypass line 60 and undergoes a second pressure loss by passing through the fifth expansion device 61 to arrive at low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger 62. By passing through the third heat exchanger 62, the refrigerant fluid absorbs heat energy, for example from batteries. The refrigerant fluid then joins the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0173] This ninth operating mode thus makes it possible to heat the radiator 3, for example to defrost it. The necessary heat energy is recovered from the batteries via the third heat exchanger 62.

[0174] In this ninth mode of operation, the first redirection device 71, 72 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the compression device 2 only towards the first bypass pipe 10.

[0175] The second redirection device 4, 21 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid towards the second bypass pipe 20 and prevents its circulation towards the first heat exchanger 5.

[0176] The third redirection device 31 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the third bypass pipe 30.

[0177] The fourth redirection device 41 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fourth bypass pipe 40.

[0178] The fifth redirection device 74 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fifth bypass line 50.

[0179] Finally, the sixth redirection device 4, 21, 61 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the radiator 3 also towards the sixth bypass pipe 60.

[0180] Tenth mode of operation:

[0181] The thermal management device 1 may be configured to operate in a tenth operating mode illustrated in [Fig. 13] and in which the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compression device 2 and then circulates to the first bypass line 10.

[0182] A first portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid then passes through the third bypass line 30 and undergoes a pressure loss to arrive at intermediate pressure by passing through the third redirection device 31 before joining the intermediate pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0183] A second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the second heat exchanger 11 and transfers heat energy, for example, to the internal air flow by heating the latter.

[0184] At the outlet of the second heat exchanger 11, a portion of the refrigerant fluid passes through the first bypass pipe 10 and undergoes a first pressure loss when passing through the sixth expansion device 73' to reach a pressure higher than the intermediate pressure.

[0185] At the outlet of the second heat exchanger 11, another portion of the refrigerant circulates in the fourth bypass pipe 40 and undergoes a first pressure loss by passing through the fourth expansion device 41 to reach a pressure higher than the intermediate pressure. The refrigerant then joins the main loop A and passes through the radiator 3. By passing through the radiator 3, the refrigerant releases heat energy. At the outlet of the radiator 3, this other portion of the refrigerant joins the refrigerant having passed through the first bypass pipe 10.

[0186] The refrigerant fluid then joins the sixth bypass line 60 and undergoes a second pressure loss by passing through the fifth expansion device 61 to arrive at low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger 62. By passing through the third heat exchanger 62, the refrigerant fluid absorbs heat energy from, for example, the batteries. The refrigerant fluid then joins the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device 2.

[0187] This tenth operating mode thus makes it possible to heat the radiator 3, for example to defrost the latter while maintaining the comfort of the passenger compartment. Indeed, the fact that the refrigerant fluid passes through the third bypass pipe 30 and the third expansion device 31 allows overconsumption of the compression device 2 in order to maintain the heating capacity of the circuit. The necessary heat energy is recovered from the batteries via the third heat exchanger 62.

[0188] In this tenth operating mode, the first redirection device 71, 72 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the compression device 2 only towards the first bypass pipe 10.

[0189] The second redirection device 4, 21 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid towards the second bypass pipe 20 and towards the first heat exchanger 5.

[0190] The third redirection device 31 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the third bypass pipe 30.

[0191] The fourth redirection device 41 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fourth bypass pipe 40.

[0192] The fifth redirection device 74 prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the fifth bypass line 50.

[0193] Finally, the sixth redirection device 4, 21, 61 allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid at the outlet of the radiator 3 also towards the sixth bypass pipe 60.

[0194] Thus, it is clear that the architecture of the thermal management device 1 allows optimal operation in particular of the compression device 2 comprising a first low pressure inlet and a second intermediate pressure inlet.

Claims

Claims

1. Thermal management device for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle comprising a thermal management circuit (1) inside which a refrigerant fluid is intended to circulate, said thermal management circuit (1) comprising: - a main loop (A) comprising, in the direction of circulation of the refrigerant, a compression device (2) comprising a low-pressure refrigerant inlet, an intermediate-pressure refrigerant inlet and a high-pressure refrigerant outlet, a radiator (3), a first expansion device (4) and a first heat exchanger (5) arranged upstream of the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device (2), - a first bypass line (10) comprising a second heat exchanger (11) and connecting the high-pressure refrigerant outlet of the compression device (2) to the refrigerant outlet of the radiator (3), - a first device (71, 72) for redirecting the refrigerant fluid towards the radiator (3) and / or towards the first bypass line (10), - a second bypass line (20) comprising a second expansion device (21) and connecting the refrigerant fluid outlet of the radiator (3), and / or the refrigerant fluid outlet of the first bypass line (10), to the intermediate pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2), - a second device (4, 21) for redirecting the refrigerant fluid towards the second bypass line (20) and / or towards the first heat exchanger (5), - a third bypass line (30) comprising a third expansion device (31) and connecting the refrigerant fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger (11) to the intermediate pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2), - a third device (31, 73) for redirecting the refrigerant fluid towards the third bypass line (30) and / or towards the second heat exchanger (11), - a fourth bypass line (40) comprising a fourth expansion device (41) and connecting the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchanger (11) to the refrigerant inlet of the radiator (3), - a fourth device (41, 73) for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the fourth bypass line (40), - a fifth bypass line (50) connecting the refrigerant fluid outlet of the radiator (3) to the low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2), - a fifth device (4, 21, 74) for redirecting the refrigerant fluid to the fifth bypass line (50).

2. Thermal management device according to claim 1, characterized in that the compression device (2) is a compressor comprising both a low pressure refrigerant inlet, an intermediate pressure refrigerant inlet and a high pressure refrigerant outlet.

3. Thermal management device according to claim 1, characterized in that the compression device (2) comprises a first (2a) and a second (2b) compressor connected in series and an intermediate pressure refrigerant fluid inlet (20b) arranged between said first (2a) and second (2b) compressors.

4. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal management circuit (1) comprises a first internal heat exchanger (7) arranged on the main loop (A) and configured to allow heat exchanges between the high-pressure refrigerant fluid coming from the radiator (3) with the low-pressure refrigerant fluid in the direction of the compression device (2).

5. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal management circuit (1) comprises a second internal heat exchanger (22) configured to allow heat exchanges between the high-pressure refrigerant fluid coming from the radiator (3), and / or from the first bypass pipe (10), with the intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid passing through the second bypass pipe (20).

6. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a first operating mode in which: the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compression device (2) and then circulates in the radiator (3), at the outlet of the radiator (3), a first part of the refrigerant fluid high pressure undergoes a pressure loss when passing through the first expansion device (4) to reach low pressure before passing through the first heat exchanger (5) before joining the low pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device (2), at the outlet of the radiator (3), a second part of the high pressure refrigerant passes through the second bypass line (20) and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure when passing through the second expansion device (21), the refrigerant then joins the intermediate pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device (2).

7. Thermal management device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, temporarily when the first operating mode is engaged, the second redirection device (4, 21) prevents the circulation of the refrigerant fluid leaving the radiator (3) towards the second bypass pipe (20) and the third redirection device (31) allows the circulation of the refrigerant fluid through the third expansion device (31) so as to drain the refrigerant fluid contained in the first bypass pipe (10) and the second heat exchanger (11).

8. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a second operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device (2) and then flows to the first bypass line (10) and passes through the second heat exchanger (11), at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (11), the high-pressure refrigerant flows in the fourth bypass line (40) and undergoes a first pressure loss when passing through the fourth expansion device (41), the refrigerant then joins the main loop (A) and passes through the radiator (3), at the outlet of the radiator (3),the refrigerant undergoes a second pressure loss when passing through the first expansion device (4) to reach low pressure before passing through the first heat exchanger (5) before reaching the low pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device (2).,

9. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a third operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device (2) and then flows to the first bypass line (10) and passes through the second heat exchanger (11), at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (11), a first portion of the high-pressure refrigerant flows in the fourth bypass line (40) and undergoes a pressure loss to reach low pressure by passing through the fourth expansion device (41), the refrigerant then joins the main loop (A) and passes through the radiator (3), at the outlet of the radiator (3), the refrigerant passes through the fifth bypass line (50) before joining the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device (2), at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (11),a second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the first bypass line (10) to join the main loop (A) and undergoes a pressure loss to reach low pressure by passing through the first expansion device (4), the refrigerant fluid then passes through the first heat exchanger (5) before joining the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2).,

10. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a fourth operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device (2) and then flows to the first bypass line (10), a portion of the high-pressure refrigerant then passes through the third bypass line (30) and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the third redirection device (31) before reaching the intermediate-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device (2), another portion of the high-pressure refrigerant passes through the second heat exchanger (11), at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (11),a first part of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid circulates in the fourth bypass line (40) and undergoes a pressure loss to reach low pressure by passing through the fourth expansion device (41), the refrigerant fluid then joins the main loop (A) and passes through the radiator (3), at the outlet of the radiator (3), the refrigerant fluid passes through the fifth bypass line (50) before joining the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2), at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (11), a second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the first bypass pipe (10) to join the second bypass pipe (20) and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device (21), the refrigerant fluid then joins the refrigerant fluid inlet at intermediate pressure of the compression device (2).

11. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal management circuit (1) comprises: - a sixth bypass line (60) comprising a fifth expansion device (61) arranged upstream of a third heat exchanger (62), said sixth bypass line (60) connecting the refrigerant fluid outlet of the radiator (3), and / or the refrigerant fluid outlet of the first bypass line (10), to the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2), and - a sixth device (4, 21, 61) for redirecting the refrigerant fluid towards the sixth bypass line (60).

12. Thermal management device according to claim 11, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a fifth operating mode in which: the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compression device (2) and then circulates in the radiator (3), at the outlet of the radiator (3), a first part of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid undergoes a pressure loss while passing through the first expansion device (4) to arrive at low pressure before passing through the first heat exchanger (5) before reaching the low-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2), at the outlet of the radiator (3), a second part of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the second bypass line (20) and undergoes a pressure loss while passing through the second expansion device (21) to arrive at intermediate pressure before reaching the intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2), and at the outlet of the radiator (3), a third part of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the sixth bypass pipe (60) and undergoes a pressure loss when passing through the fifth expansion device (61) to arrive at low pressure before passing through the third exchanger heat (62) before joining the low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2).

13. Thermal management device according to any one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a sixth operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device (2) and then circulates in the radiator (3), at the outlet of the radiator (3), a first part of the high-pressure refrigerant passes through the second bypass line (20) and undergoes a pressure loss while passing through the second expansion device (21) to arrive at intermediate pressure before joining the intermediate-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device (2), and at the outlet of the radiator (3) a second part of the high pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the sixth bypass pipe (60) undergoes a pressure loss when passing through the fifth expansion device (61) to arrive at low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger (62) before joining the low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2).

14. Thermal management device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a seventh operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device (2) and then flows to the first bypass line (10) and passes through the second heat exchanger (11), at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (11), a first portion of the high-pressure refrigerant flows in the fourth bypass line (40) and undergoes a pressure loss to reach low pressure by passing through the fourth expansion device (41), the refrigerant then joins the main loop (A) and passes through the radiator (3), at the outlet of the radiator (3) the refrigerant passes through the fifth bypass line (50) before joining the low-pressure refrigerant inlet of the compression device (2),at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (11), a second part of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the first bypass line (10), at the outlet of the first bypass line (10), a part of the refrigerant fluid joins the second bypass line (20) and undergoes a, pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device (21), the refrigerant fluid then joins the refrigerant fluid inlet at intermediate pressure of the compression device (2), at the outlet of the first bypass pipe (10), another part of the refrigerant fluid joins the sixth bypass pipe (60) and undergoes a pressure loss by passing through the fifth expansion device (61) to reach low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger (62) before joining the refrigerant fluid inlet at low pressure of the compression device (2).

15. Thermal management device according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that it is configured to operate in an eighth operating mode in which: the refrigerant is compressed by the compression device (2) and then flows to the first bypass line (10) and passes through the second heat exchanger (11), at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (11), the refrigerant passes through the first bypass line (10) and, at the outlet of the first bypass line (10), a first portion of the refrigerant joins the second bypass line (20) and undergoes a pressure loss to arrive at intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device (21), the refrigerant then joins the refrigerant inlet at intermediate pressure of the compression device (2), at the outlet of the first bypass line (10),a second portion of the refrigerant fluid joins the sixth bypass line (60) and undergoes a pressure loss while passing through the fifth expansion device (61) to arrive at low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger (62) before joining the low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2).,

16. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first bypass pipe (10) also comprises a sixth expansion device (73').

17. Thermal management device according to claim 16, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a ninth operating mode in which: the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compression device (2) and then circulates towards the first bypass pipe (10), a first portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid then passes through the third bypass line (30) and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the third redirection device (31) before reaching the intermediate-pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2), a second portion of the high-pressure refrigerant fluid passes through the second heat exchanger (11), at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (11), a portion of the refrigerant fluid passes through the first bypass line (10) and undergoes a first pressure loss by passing through the sixth expansion device (73') to reach a pressure higher than the intermediate pressure, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (11),another part of the refrigerant fluid circulates in the fourth bypass line (40) and undergoes a first pressure loss by passing through the fourth expansion device (41) to reach a pressure higher than the intermediate pressure, the refrigerant fluid then joins the main loop (A) and passes through the radiator (3), at the outlet of the radiator (3) this other part of the refrigerant fluid joins the refrigerant fluid having passed through the first bypass line (10), a part of the refrigerant fluid then joins the second bypass line (20) and undergoes a second pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the second expansion device (21), the refrigerant fluid then joins the refrigerant fluid inlet at intermediate pressure of the compression device (2),another portion of the refrigerant fluid joins the sixth bypass line (60) and undergoes a second pressure loss by passing through the fifth expansion device (61) to arrive at low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger (62) before joining the low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2).,

18. Thermal management device according to claim 16, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a tenth operating mode in which: the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compression device (2) and then flows towards the first bypass line (10), a first part of the refrigerant fluid then passes through the third bypass line (30) and undergoes a pressure loss to reach intermediate pressure by passing through the third redirection device (31) before joining the intermediate pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2), a second part of the refrigerant fluid passes through the second heat exchanger (11), at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (11), a portion of the refrigerant fluid passes through the first bypass pipe (10) and undergoes a first pressure loss by passing through the sixth expansion device (73') to reach a pressure higher than the intermediate pressure, at the outlet of the second heat exchanger (11), another portion of the refrigerant fluid circulates in the fourth bypass pipe (40) and undergoes a first pressure loss by passing through the fourth expansion device (41) to reach a pressure higher than the intermediate pressure, the refrigerant fluid then joins the main loop (A) and passes through the radiator (3), at the outlet of the radiator (3) this other portion of the refrigerant fluid joins the refrigerant fluid having passed through the first bypass pipe (10),the refrigerant fluid then joins the sixth bypass line (60) and undergoes a second pressure loss while passing through the fifth expansion device (61) to arrive at low pressure before passing through the third heat exchanger (62) before joining the low pressure refrigerant fluid inlet of the compression device (2).,

Images