EXTRUDED EXCHANGER TILE AND ASSOCIATED EXCHANGER

Abstract

EXTRUDED EXCHANGER TILE AND ASSOCIATED EXCHANGER The invention relates to a tile (10a) for manufacturing a surface heat exchanger, characterized in that the tile (10a) is manufactured by extrusion, the tile (10a) comprises a portion forming a substantially planar surface (12) for heat exchange with an external environment, the tile (10a) comprises at least one channel (14a) for circulation of a fluid extending over one of the faces of the substantially planar surface (12) and the tile (10a) is configured for heat exchange between the fluid circulating in the circulation channel(s) (14a) and the external environment. The invention also relates to a surface heat exchanger comprising at least two exchanger tiles, a method for manufacturing a tile and a method for manufacturing an exchanger.

Description

Title of the invention: EXTRUDED EXCHANGER TILE AND ASSOCIATED EXCHANGER Technical field of the invention

[0001] The invention relates to a surface heat exchanger. In particular, the invention relates to a surface heat exchanger formed from extruded tiles and intended to be integrated into an aircraft. Technological background

[0002] Surface heat exchangers, also called skin exchangers, are intended to be integrated on external surfaces of components or vehicles, and have a substantially flat portion forming the heat exchange surface. The advantage of this type of exchanger is that it can easily replace pre-existing external surfaces without impacting on aerodynamics or integration with other components. The main objective is to take advantage of new cooling sources such as dynamic flow air, better known as "ram air" in English, available when the vehicle equipping the surface heat exchanger(s) is in motion, and thus reduce the use of internal cooling sources, for example air taken from a turbomachine (bleed air in English).

[0003] Often, the surface heat exchanger allows a heat exchange between a hot source formed by a fluid (gas or liquid) circulating in the exchanger, for example by channels, and a cold source formed by the dynamic flow air circulating at the level of the heat exchange surface.

[0004] The surface heat exchangers of the prior art generally consist of a large part whose dimension is conformed to the external surface that it is intended to replace. The manufacture of these exchangers thus generally presents a significant complexity. In addition, when the exchangers are large, the problems of sealing and thermal expansion are accentuated and must be taken into account during the design. These problems are all the more important when the surface heat exchanger is curved in shape.

[0005] Furthermore, in certain situations, the surface exchanger may require the integration of an acoustic trap, which may be complex to implement depending on the shape of the heat exchanger.

[0006] The inventors therefore sought an alternative solution making it possible to obtain a linear actuator system meeting the constraints of repairability and sealing, in particular in an aircraft. Objectives of the invention

[0007] The invention aims to provide a surface exchanger responding to the problems of the prior art, and an associated manufacturing method.

[0008] The invention aims in particular to provide, in at least one embodiment, a surface exchanger which is easy to manufacture.

[0009] The invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment of the invention, a surface exchanger having better sealing, reducing leaks, and reliable at high fluid pressure.

[0010] The invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment of the invention, a surface exchanger with improved thermal expansion.

[0011] The invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment of the invention, a surface exchanger which can be of large size.

[0012] The invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment of the invention, a surface exchanger particularly suited to revolution environments, for example an aircraft engine.

[0013] The invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment of the invention, a surface exchanger capable of accommodating different shapes of channels for circulation of the heat exchange fluid.

[0014] The invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment of the invention, a surface exchanger which can be adapted to amplify the heat exchange with the external environment.

[0015] The invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment of the invention, a surface exchanger compatible with the integration of acoustic traps. Statement of the invention

[0016] To this end, the invention relates to a tile for the manufacture of a surface heat exchanger, characterized in that: - the tile is manufactured by extrusion, - the tile comprises a portion forming a substantially flat surface for heat exchange with an external environment, - the tile comprises at least one fluid circulation channel extending over one of the faces of the substantially flat surface, - the tile is configured for heat exchange between the fluid circulating in the circulation channel(s) and the external environment.

[0017] An exchanger tile according to the invention can therefore be used to form exchangers of variable shape, thanks to the assembly of several tiles.

[0018] The fluid circulating in the circulation channel(s) may be a gas or a liquid.

[0019] Advantageously and according to the invention, the fluid circulating in the channel(s) of circulation is oil.

[0020] Advantageously and according to the invention, the tile comprises at least one overlapping surface allowing assembly with another tile.

[0021] According to this aspect of the invention, the overlapping surface facilitates assembly with the other tiles and improves the mechanical strength of the assembly.

[0022] Advantageously and according to the invention, the tile has a curvature.

[0023] According to this aspect of the invention, the curved tile is particularly suitable for environments of revolution, for example an aircraft engine.

[0024] Advantageously and according to the invention, the tile comprises at least two channels and a space between at least two channels, said space comprising at least one perforation configured for guiding sound waves towards an acoustic trap.

[0025] According to this aspect of the invention, the invention consists in the installation between these channels of elements making it possible to guide the sound waves towards acoustic traps located under the exchanger.

[0026] Advantageously and according to the invention, the space between the channels comprises partitions substantially perpendicular to the flow of the fluid in the channels.

[0027] According to this aspect of the invention, the partitions allow the acoustic waves to be guided into the acoustic traps, and make it possible to improve the efficiency of the acoustic trap. This also makes it possible to better guide the sound waves towards the acoustic traps, to avoid aerodynamic phenomena caused by the absence of partitions between the channels by means of the acoustic drillings.

[0028] In addition, the addition of partitions makes it possible to increase the heat exchange by thermally connecting the channels to each other as well as to the upper part of the exchanger.

[0029] The dimensions and geometry of the partitions to be positioned between the channels can be very diverse, U-shaped, V-shaped, with a constant or variable pitch. It is possible to produce these partitions according to the possibilities of the person skilled in the art, folded sheet metal, spacer, etc.

[0030] Advantageously and according to the invention, the channels can be of various dimensions and shapes, more or less complex.

[0031] According to this aspect of the invention, the dimensions and shapes of the channels can vary according to the requirements in terms of heat exchange surface area, according to the limits of pressure loss, fluid pressure, etc.

[0032] Advantageously and according to a variant of the invention, the channels can be arranged on the face of the substantially flat surface opposite the face in contact with the external environment.

[0033] Advantageously and according to another variant of the invention, the channels can be arranged on the face of the substantially flat surface in contact with the external environment.

[0034] Advantageously and according to another variant of the invention, channels can be arranged both on the face of the substantially flat surface opposite the face in contact with the external environment and on the face of the substantially flat surface in contact with the external environment.

[0035] Advantageously and according to the invention, the substantially flat surface can accommodate fins.

[0036] According to this aspect of the invention, the fins make it possible to amplify the heat exchange with the external environment.

[0037] Advantageously and according to the invention, the external environment is preferably a dynamic flow air.

[0038] According to this aspect of the invention, the dynamic flow air is air which circulates outside the aircraft or air coming from the outside and circulating in the aircraft thanks to a dynamic flow air inlet (often called ram air intake in English).

[0039] The invention also relates to a surface heat exchanger characterized in that it comprises at least two exchanger tiles according to the invention.

[0040] In the exchanger, the tiles are made by extrusions and allow the passage of fluid in channels as well as their assembly between them.

[0041] The exchanger is particularly suitable for cooling a component of an aircraft, in particular an aircraft engine, in particular an aircraft turbomachine, in particular an aircraft turbojet.

[0042] The exchanger has better sealing than the prior art, in particular by guaranteeing a leak level and reliability consistent with use at high pressure without leakage (essential for exchangers for vapor or hydraulic compression systems for example).

[0043] An exchanger formed of several tiles makes it possible to improve thermal expansion problems because this thermal expansion is distributed over several tiles.

[0044] The use of small size tiles makes it easy to manage the manufacture of a large heat exchanger.

[0045] The exchanger thus obtained, in particular with curved tiles, is particularly suitable for revolution environments, for example an aircraft engine.

[0046] Advantageously and according to the invention at least two tiles of the surface heat exchanger are identical.

[0047] Advantageously and according to the invention, all the tiles forming the surface heat exchanger are identical.

[0048] According to these aspects of the invention, the use of identical tiles to manufacture the exchanger reduces the manufacturing cost by allowing mass production with a reduced number of tile manufacturing machines.

[0049] Advantageously and according to the invention, at least one tile forming the exchanger comprises at least two channels and a space between at least two channels, said space comprising at least one perforation configured for guiding sound waves towards an acoustic trap.

[0050] According to this aspect of the invention, an acoustic surface heat exchanger is therefore composed of two functions, the thermal function which aims to cool engine oil by means of the circulation of air at the level of the external exchange surface, and an acoustic part which aims to channel the sound waves into acoustic traps located under the exchanger.

[0051] The technology used for the production of this exchanger allows the installation of an acoustic trap system. In this case the exchanger will be pierced (drilling in a direction normal to the external surface of the surface exchanger), with numerous holes allowing the sound to pass from the outside towards acoustic traps such as Helmholtz cavities.

[0052] The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a tile according to the invention comprising an extrusion step so as to form the tile with its substantially flat surface and its channels.

[0053] The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing an exchanger according to the invention, comprising steps of manufacturing each exchanger tile according to the invention, a step of overlapping at least two tiles, and a step of fixing the tiles.

[0054] The thermal part of the exchanger is thus made up of several extruded tiles, preferably identical, the pattern of which allows the circulation of the oil as well as the adjustment of the tiles between them.

[0055] The invention also relates to an exchanger tile, an exchanger, a method of manufacturing an exchanger tile and a method of manufacturing an exchanger characterized in combination by all or part of the characteristics mentioned above or below. List of figures

[0056] Other aims, characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description given solely for non-limiting purposes and which refers to the appended figures in which:

[0057] [Fig.l] is a partial schematic perspective view of an exchanger tile according to a first embodiment of the invention.

[0058] [Fig.2] is a partial schematic perspective view of an exchanger tile according to a second embodiment of the invention.

[0059] [Fig.3] is a schematic perspective view of an exchanger tile according to a third embodiment of the invention.

[0060] [Fig.4] is a partial schematic perspective view of a surface heat exchanger according to a first embodiment.

[0061] [Fig.5] is a partial schematic perspective view of a surface heat exchanger according to a second embodiment.

[0062] [Fig.6] is a partial schematic side view of a tile and an acoustic trap according to one embodiment of the invention.

[0063] [Fig.7] is a partial schematic perspective view of a tile according to one embodiment of the invention, for use with an acoustic trap.

[0064] [Fig.8] is a partial schematic top view of a tile according to one embodiment of the invention, for use with an acoustic trap.

[0065] Detailed description of an embodiment of the invention

[0066] In the figures, the scales and proportions are not strictly respected, for the purposes of illustration and clarity.

[0067] Furthermore, identical, similar or analogous elements are designated by the same references in all the figures.

[0068] Figures 1, 2 and 3 each schematically represent an exchanger tile according to three embodiments of the invention. Figures 1 and 2 are partial views of the tiles.

[0069] The tiles 10a, 10b and 10c comprise a portion forming a substantially flat surface 12 for heat exchange with an external environment. The tiles also comprise channels 14a, 14b, 14c for circulating a fluid extending over one of the faces of the substantially flat surface. The channels comprise dimensions and shapes that vary according to the embodiments. In the first and second embodiments, the channels have spaces between two channels. In the third embodiment, there is no space between two channels.

[0070] The tiles are extruded. The tiles preferably comprise an overlapping surface 16 allowing assembly with another tile, visible here in the first and second embodiments of Figures 1 and 2.

[0071] The tiles allow heat exchange between the fluid circulating in the circulation channel(s) and the external environment, in particular with dynamic flow air circulating on one face or the other face of the tile, depending on the embodiment.

[0072] [Fig.4] schematically represents partially and in perspective a surface heat exchanger 100 according to a first embodiment.

[0073] The exchanger comprises a plurality of tiles according to one embodiment of the invention, including here a first tile 110a, a second tile 110b, a third tile 110c and a fourth tile 110d assembled to form the exchanger 110.

[0074] In this embodiment, the exchanger comprises perforations 120 between at least two fluid circulation channels.

[0075] [Fig.5] schematically represents partially and in perspective a surface heat exchanger 200 according to a second embodiment.

[0076] The exchanger comprises a plurality of tiles according to one embodiment of the invention, including here a first tile 210a, a second tile 210b and a third tile 210c assembled to form the exchanger 210.

[0077] In this embodiment, the exchanger comprises perforations 220 between each fluid circulation channel.

[0078] [Fig.6] schematically represents from the side a tile 10 and an acoustic trap 30 according to an embodiment of the invention. The perforations described above and below make it possible to guide the sound wave towards the acoustic trap 30 located on one side of the tile, in particular under the exchanger opposite the face on which the dynamic flow air circulates.

[0079] Figures 7 and 8 schematically represent in perspective and from above a tile according to an embodiment of the invention, for use with an acoustic trap.

[0080] The tile comprises the perforations 20 in the spaces between two fluid circulation channels 14. To guide the acoustic waves into the acoustic traps, the tile 30 comprises partitions 40 substantially perpendicular to the flow of the fluid in the channels 14.

Claims

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