Tooling and associated assembly methods for a plain bearing assembly.
The assembly tooling with a frustoconical mounting shaft and distinct bearings addresses the inefficiencies of existing methods, enabling efficient assembly and disassembly of plain bearing assemblies in the aeronautical industry by securing the sleeve and inner ring axially, reducing wear and maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- FR · FR
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SKF AEROSPACE FRANCE SAS
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for assembling plain bearing assemblies in the aeronautical industry are inefficient and require costly replacement of joints due to multi-part inner rings causing marks on the axis during disassembly, with current sleeve mounting methods lacking practicality for easy replacement and assembly.
A method using assembly tooling with a cylindrical mounting ring and assembly shaft featuring a frustoconical shape with distinct bearings to facilitate the insertion and securement of a sleeve and retaining ring within the inner ring of a ball joint, ensuring a continuous cylindrical contact without discontinuity.
Enables efficient assembly and disassembly of plain bearing assemblies with reduced wear and cost, maintaining precision and ease of maintenance by using the assembly tooling to secure the sleeve and inner ring axially.
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Abstract
Description
Title of the invention: Tooling and associated assembly methods for a plain bearing assembly. Technical field of the invention
[0001] The present invention relates generally to assemblies of plain bearings of the ball joint type, which can be used among other things in the aeronautical industry.
[0002] More specifically, the invention relates to the assembly of such an assembly. Prior art
[0003] Typically, a plain bearing assembly comprises an outer ring having a spherical inner surface and an inner ring having a spherical outer surface.
[0004] In the aeronautical industry, these assemblies are often installed on ball-joint type joints to adapt to the deformations of structures that may be caused by expansion.
[0005] During maintenance operations, these joints need to be disassembled to free the assembly. Therefore, to facilitate assembly and disassembly, it is known that the inner ring can take the form of a split ring, which is then made in several parts.
[0006] However, during maintenance operations, the multi-part design of the inner ring can cause marks on the axis of the joint at the level of the slot(s) of the inner ring, thus requiring the often costly replacement of the joints at each disassembly.
[0007] To remedy this drawback, it is known to mount an annular sleeve in the bore of the inner ring in order to obtain a continuous cylindrical contact without discontinuity with the axis of the joint.
[0008] In order to form a unit assembly that is easy to assemble and disassemble, it is necessary to secure the sleeve to the inner ring.
[0009] In the current state of the art, several methods of mounting the sleeve on the inner ring are known, among which a method consisting of equipping the sleeve with an annular support at one end, mounted axially against one of the front faces of the inner ring, and a thread at the other end, onto which a nut is screwed against the other front face of the inner ring.
[0010] However, these methods have some disadvantages, including a lack of practicality, because the sleeve, being intended to act as a wear part, needs to be easily replaced and mounted in the inner ring during maintenance operations.
[0011] However, to date, no specific tooling allows for the efficient assembly of such a plain bearing assembly. Summary of the invention
[0012] The invention therefore aims to remedy this drawback by proposing a method for assembling a plain bearing assembly using assembly tooling.
[0013] The plain bearing assembly includes a ball joint having an inner ring comprising a spherical outer surface, and an outer ring comprising a spherical inner surface mounted on the spherical outer surface of the inner ring, a sleeve having an outer surface mounted in the bore of the inner ring of the ball joint and a radially elastic retaining ring which extends inside a groove formed in the bore of the inner ring of the ball joint and inside a groove formed on the outer surface of the sleeve.
[0014] The assembly tooling includes:
[0015] - a cylindrical mounting ring provided, at one axial end, with a collar, and
[0016] - an assembly shaft having a first part of frustoconical shape and a second part of the sleeve mounting, and a second part of the sleeve mounting, the mounting shaft being configured to be inserted into the bore of the inner ring of the ball joint.
[0017] Furthermore, the frustoconical shape of the first part of the mounting shaft may correspond to a stepped frustoconical shape comprising several successive bearings along the axis of the first part of the shaft. Each bearing may have a distinct diameter:
[0018] - the first bearing having a first diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the retaining ring in its free state,
[0019] - the second bearing having a second diameter greater than the first diameter and corresponding to the outer diameter of the retaining ring in an elastic deformation configuration, smaller than the inner diameter of the bore of the inner ring,
[0020] - the third bearing having a third diameter larger than the first and second diameters and smaller than the diameter of the sleeve bore.
[0021] Furthermore, the third bearing of the mounting shaft portion may have a length at least equal to half the length of the sleeve
[0022] Once the sleeve is inserted onto the second part of the mounting shaft, the diameter of the outer surface of the mounting part of the sleeve is less than or equal to the diameter of the bore of the inner ring of the ball joint.
[0023] The diameter of the outer surface of the mounting ring is intended to be less than or equal to the diameter of the bore of the inner ring of the ball joint.
[0024] The invention also relates to a method for assembling the plain bearing assembly as defined above, using the assembly tooling. The method comprises the following steps:
[0025] - a step of positioning the retaining ring on the first part of the shaft disassembly,
[0026] - a step of inserting the sleeve onto the second part of the mounting shaft
[0027] - a step of assembling the inner ring of the ball joint in the bore of the outer ring
[0028] - a step of inserting the mounting ring into the bore of the inner ring from the ball joint until the flange of said ring is brought against the inner ring
[0029] - a step of introducing the first part of the mounting shaft equipped with the retaining ring inside the bore of the inner ring axially on the side opposite the sleeve,
[0030] - an axial thrust step of the mounting shaft inside the bore of the inner ring of the ball joint until you obtain:
[0031] - the stop of the retaining ring against the mounting ring and the introduction of the retaining ring inside the groove of the inner ring by elastic deformation, then
[0032] - the introduction of said retaining ring into the groove of the sleeve by elastic return and axial bonding of the sleeve and inner ring of the ball joint.
[0033] Prior to the step of introducing the first part of the shaft into the bore of the inner ring, a step of assembling the inner ring into the outer ring of the ball joint is carried out.
[0034] Then, during the axial thrust step of the mounting shaft, the thrust ring is held until the stop of the retaining ring against the mounting ring, causing the retaining ring to slide along the first part of the mounting shaft and the introduction of the retaining ring into the groove of the inner ring by deformation.
[0035] Also, during the axial pushing stage of the mounting shaft and after the insertion of the retaining ring into the groove of the inner ring, the mounting ring adheres to the first part of said mounting shaft and disengages from the outer ring.
[0036] Subsequently, the process continues with a step of removing the mounting shaft from the inner ring bore once the sleeve and the inner ring are axially joined.
[0037] Thus, the axial joining of the sleeve and the ball joint is carried out in a practical manner using specific tooling. Brief description of the figures
[0038] The present invention will be better understood upon study of the detailed description of an embodiment, taken by way of non-limiting example and illustrated by the accompanying drawings in which:
[0039] [Fig-1] is a cross-sectional view of a plain bearing assembly according to an example of realization of the invention.
[0040] [Fig.2] is a cross-sectional view of the mounting tooling, more specifically of the shaft mounting into which the sleeve and retaining ring are inserted, in its successive positions.
[0041] [Fig.3], [Fig.4], [Fig.6] are cross-sectional views illustrating the assembly of the assembly of plain bearing using the mounting tooling. Detailed description of the invention
[0042] Figure 1 shows a plain bearing assembly 10, of axis X-X' comprising a ball joint 1 and a sleeve 2 mounted in the bore of the ball joint.
[0043] As will be described in more detail later, the assembly 10 also includes a retaining ring 6 interposed radially between the ball joint 1 and the sleeve 2 to ensure their axial connection.
[0044] The ball joint 1, with axis X-X', comprises an inner ring 4 and an outer ring 5 mounted on the inner ring. The inner ring 4 and outer ring 5 are made of steel, titanium, nickel alloy, bronze, etc.
[0045] The inner ring 4 is provided with a convex spherical outer surface 4a, a cylindrical bore 4b radially opposed to the outer surface, and two opposing radial (not referenced) front faces axially delimiting the bore and the outer surface.
[0046] The inner ring 4 can be made of several parts bearing against each other. The inner ring 4 can be slotted along one or more planes passing through the axis X-X'. The inner ring 4 can also be a single piece.
[0047] The outer ring 5 has a concave spherical inner surface 5a mounted on the spherical outer surface 4a of the inner ring, a cylindrical outer surface 5b radially opposed to the inner surface 5a, and two opposing radial front faces (not referenced) axially delimiting the inner and outer surfaces. The inner surface 5a of the outer ring and the outer surface 4a of the inner ring have complementary shapes. The outer ring 5 may be a solid spherical shape, or be made in two parts, or have notches on its outer surface 5b.
[0048] A groove 44 is formed in the bore 4b of the inner ring of the ball joint. The groove 44 is oriented radially inwards, i.e., in the direction of the sleeve 2. The groove 44 is radially opposite a groove 22 in the sleeve, which will be described in more detail later. The groove 44 is annular. The groove 44 is delimited radially by two opposing radial walls (not referenced) connected by a bottom. The bottom of the groove 44 is offset radially outwards relative to the bore 4b of the inner ring. In the illustrated embodiment, the groove 44 has a reduced axial width compared to that of the groove 22. Alternatively, the groove 44 may have an axial width greater than or equal to that of the groove 22.
[0049] The sleeve 2 is mounted in the bore 4b of the inner ring which forms the bore of the ball joint. The sleeve 2, with axis X-X', has an annular shape.
[0050] The sleeve 2 is provided with a convex cylindrical outer surface 2a mounted in the bore 4b of the inner ring of the ball joint, a cylindrical bore 2b radially opposed to the outer surface, and two opposing radial (not referenced) front faces axially delimiting the bore and the outer surface.
[0051] The groove 22 is formed on the outer surface 2a of the sleeve. The groove 22 is oriented radially outwards, i.e., towards the inner ring 18 of the ball joint. The groove 22 is annular. The groove 22 is delimited radially by two opposing radial walls (not referenced) which are connected by a bottom. The bottom of the groove 22 is offset radially inwards relative to the outer surface 2a of the sleeve.
[0052] As previously stated, the assembly 10 also includes the retaining ring 6 to ensure axial connection between the ball joint 1 and the sleeve 2. The retaining ring 6 is radially elastic. In other words, the retaining ring 6 is elastically deformable in the radial direction. The retaining ring 6 extends inside the grooves 22, 44 of the sleeve and the inner ring of the ball joint.
[0053] The axial thickness of the retaining ring 6 is slightly less than the axial width of the groove 44 of the inner ring of the ball joint, and that of the groove 22 of the sleeve. The radial depth of the groove 44 is greater than the radial thickness of the retaining ring 6.
[0054] The retaining ring 6 can be open at a point on its circumference. The retaining ring 6 can be in the form of a circlip made of metallic material. Alternatively, the retaining ring 6 can be made of synthetic material.
[0055] In its free state, the retaining ring 6 has an outer diameter smaller than the diameter of the bore 4b of the inner ring of the ball joint, and smaller than the diameter of the groove 44. The diameter of the groove 44 is measured at its bottom. There is radial clearance between the retaining ring 6 and the bottom of the groove 44.
[0056] In its free state, the retaining ring 6 has an inner diameter smaller than the diameter of the outer surface 2a of the sleeve. In the illustrated embodiment, in its free state, the inner diameter of the retaining ring 6 is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the groove 22. The inner diameter of the groove 22 is measured at its bottom. The retaining ring 6 bears radially against the bottom of the groove 22. Alternatively, in its free state, the inner diameter of the retaining ring 6 could be greater than the diameter of the groove 22, but still smaller than the diameter of the outer surface 2a of the sleeve.
[0057] In the illustrated embodiment, the retaining ring 6 has a rectangular cross-section. Alternatively, the retaining ring 6 may have other cross-sectional shapes, for example square or circular.
[0058] In [Fig.2] and [Fig.3], the assembly tooling used for the assembly of the set 10 as described above is shown more distinctly.
[0059] The mounting shaft 11 is a cylindrical component of revolution which, in the free state, is composed of two sections of different diameters delimiting two mounting parts 1la and 11b, intended for the insertion respectively of the retaining ring 6 and the sleeve 2.
[0060] The first part 1a of the mounting shaft has a frustoconical shape, which advantageously can be a stepped frustoconical shape marked by distinct cylindrical bearings P1, P2, P3 of increasing diameters along the axis of part 1a of the mounting shaft 11. This configuration makes it possible, in particular, to control the fit of the retaining ring to the different bearings and to facilitate the progressive introduction of the retaining ring into the groove 44 of the bore 4b of the inner ring 4 during the axial thrust step of the mounting shaft 11
[0061] As seen in [Fig.2], each bearing PI, P2, P3 of the first part 1 of the mounting shaft 11 then has a distinct diameter corresponding to a positioning of the retaining ring 6 during the assembly steps of the plain bearing assembly 1.
[0062] At the first bearing PI, the end of the mounting part 1 has a first diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the retaining ring 6 in its free state. This allows for effortless positioning of the ring 6 on the mounting shaft 11.
[0063] At the second bearing P2, part 1la of the mounting shaft has a second diameter larger than the first diameter of the bearing PI, corresponding to the outer diameter of the ring 6 in an elastic deformation configuration. This diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the bore 4b of the inner ring 4. In this way, it is possible for the ring 6, positioned on part 1la of the mounting shaft, to fit into the bore 4b of the inner ring 4.
[0064] At the third bearing P3, part 1 of the mounting shaft 11 has a third diameter greater than the first and second diameters of the bearings PI and P2 and less than the diameter of the bore 2b of the sleeve 2. At this stage, the retaining ring 6 is partially housed in the groove 44 of the inner ring 4.
[0065] Furthermore, the third bearing 3 of part 1 la of the mounting shaft may have a length equal to at least half the length of the sleeve so as to allow firstly the insertion of the retaining ring 6 into the groove of the inner ring 4 and then the disengagement of the mounting ring from the bore 5b of the outer ring 5.
[0066] The dimensioning of the bearing 3 of the first part 1 of the shaft 11 contributes to keeping the retaining ring 6 in place when the mounting shaft 11 is inserted into the bore 4b of the inner ring 4 during assembly and to a gradual transition between the deformation state of the ring 6 and its introduction into the groove 44 of the inner ring 4.
[0067] Similarly, the length of the bearing 3 of the first part 1 of the shaft 11 also allows that the mounting ring 8 can only be disengaged from the bore 4b of the inner ring 4 after the retaining ring 6 has been inserted into the groove 44 of the inner ring 4.
[0068] If the length of the bearing 3 is too short, there may be a risk that the mounting ring 8 will be disengaged too early, i.e. before the ring 6 is completely inserted into the groove 44 of the inner ring 4, and that the transition, by elastic return, between the deformed state of the ring on the part 1 of the mounting shaft 11 and its insertion into the groove 44 will be abrupt, potentially impairing the precision of the assembly.
[0069] Furthermore, the mounting shaft 11, and in particular the first part 1 of the mounting shaft 11, is dimensioned so as to have sufficient length to allow the introduction of the retaining ring 6 before the mounting shaft 8 is disengaged from the bore 5b of the outer ring 5.
[0070] As illustrated in [Fig.2], the retaining ring 6 is intended to be positioned on the first part 1la of the shaft 11 and to slide radially by elastic deformation along the first part 1la of the mounting shaft, passing successively through the bearings PI, P2, P3, allowing controlled and easy insertion of the ring 6 into the groove 44 of the inner ring 4.
[0071] The second part 11b of the mounting shaft 11 corresponds to a mounting part of the sleeve 2. The second part 11b of the shaft is axially opposite to the part lia.
[0072] The second part 11b of the mounting shaft may be provided with a shoulder 14, allowing the sleeve 2 to abut against the mounting shaft 11. The sleeve 2 is then inserted onto the second part 11b of the mounting shaft 11 until it abuts against the shoulder 14, thus facilitating precise positioning and adjustment of the sleeve 2 on the mounting shaft 11. The shoulder 14 allows, among other things, the prevention of disengagement of the sleeve 2 from the mounting shaft 11 by limiting the axial movement of the sleeve 2 during the assembly steps which will be described in more detail later in the description.
[0073] The diameter of the mounting part 11b of the sleeve is less than or equal to the diameter of the bore 4b of the inner ring 4 of the ball joint 1. The diameter of the mounting part 11b of the sleeve is equal to the large diameter of the first part 1la of the shaft 11.
[0074] Figure 3 shows the mounting ring 8. The mounting ring 8 has a hollow cylindrical body and is provided, at one axial end, with a flange 9. The diameter of the outer surface 8b of the mounting ring 8 is less than or equal to the diameter of the bore 4b of the inner ring of the ball joint 1. Preferably, the outer surface 8b of the mounting ring 8 is in contact with the bore 4b of the inner ring 4. This allows for a tight fit of the mounting ring 8 when it is inserted into the bore 4b of the inner ring 4. Also, the diameter of the inner surface 8a of the mounting ring 8 is less than the diameter of the bore 4b of the inner ring of the ball joint 1.
[0075] In addition, the mounting ring 8 is dimensioned so as to leave the groove 44 of the inner ring 4 free when the mounting ring 8 is inserted into the bore 4b of the inner ring 4, after the step of assembling the inner ring 4 into the bore 5b of the outer ring 5.
[0076] The mounting ring 8 then sits flush with the radial wall of the groove 44 located axially on the side of the flange 9. By its configuration, the mounting ring 8 is brought to rest against the retaining ring 6 when the mounting shaft 11 is inserted into the bore 4b of the inner ring 4 of the ball joint 1.
[0077] The flange 9 of the mounting ring 8 forms a rim or contact surface which protrudes from the outer diameter of the mounting ring 8, bringing the flange 9 into butt against the inner ring 4 of the ball joint 1 when the mounting ring 8 is inserted into the bore 4b of the inner ring 4 of the ball joint 1, in a configuration such as can be seen in figures [Fig.3], [Fig.4] and [Fig.5].
[0078] To proceed with the assembly of the assembly 10 using the assembly tool as described above, the following procedure is followed.
[0079] Initially, a step is carried out to prepare the assembly tooling. During this step, the retaining ring 6 is positioned on the first bearing PI of the first part 1a of the mounting shaft 11, the sleeve 2 is inserted onto the second part 11b of the shaft 11, and the mounting ring 8 is inserted into the ring inner 4 of the ball joint 1 until the collar 9 comes to a stop against the inner ring 4.
[0080] Once the tooling is arranged in a mounting configuration as seen in [Fig.3], and prior to the step of introducing the mounting ring 8 into the bore 4b of the inner ring 4, there is a step of assembling the inner ring 4 into the bore 5b of the outer ring 5.
[0081] Next, as illustrated in [Fig.4] and [Fig.5], the first part 1la of the mounting shaft, axially opposed to the second part 11b of the shaft 11 on which the sleeve 2 is disposed, is inserted into the bore 4b of the inner ring 4. During this axial thrust step, the mounting ring 8 is held so that the retaining ring 6 comes to rest against the cylindrical body 8a of the mounting ring 8. In this way, during the axial thrust action, the retaining ring 6, in rest against the cylindrical body 8a of the mounting ring 8, will be caused to slide by elastic deformation of the first part 1la of the mounting shaft 11, passing successively through the bearings PI, P2 and P3, as previously described. Indeed, with each axial push of the mounting shaft 11, a force is applied to push the shaft 11 through the bore 4b of the inner ring.By holding the mounting ring 8 against the ring 6, the force exerted by the mounting shaft 11 is transmitted to the stop of the mounting ring 8, which forces the ring 6 to slide along the first section 1la of the shaft 11, adapting its diameter to the various bearings P1 to P3 through elastic deformation. The stop of the mounting ring 8 also ensures that the ring 6 is held along the section 1la of the mounting shaft, preventing premature disengagement until its gradual insertion into the groove 44 of the inner ring. Thus, when the mounting shaft 11 is thrust against the retaining ring 6, the mounting ring 8 causes the ring 6 to slide along the first section 1la of the shaft, successively passing the bearings P1 to P3 until the ring 6 is inserted into the groove 44 of the inner ring.
[0082] The axial thrusting step of the shaft 11 then continues and at this stage, the retaining ring 6, positioned at the third bearing P3 of part 1la of the mounting shaft 11, is already partially housed in the groove 44, sufficiently to block an axial movement of the inner ring 4.
[0083] And finally, we continue the step of axial pushing of the mounting shaft 1 there the inside of the bore 4b of the inner ring 4 until the introduction of the retaining ring 6 into the inside of the groove 22 of the sleeve 2, by elastic return, when the grooves 22 and 44 are opposite and the axial joining of the sleeve 2 and the inner ring 4 of the ball joint 1.
[0084] Furthermore, once the mounting tooling has been removed, a verification step may be performed to ensure that the retaining ring 6 is correctly positioned in the grooves 22 and 44 formed respectively on the outer surface 2a of the sleeve 2 and in the bore 4b of the inner ring 4 of the ball joint 1. To verify the axial connection of the sleeve 2 and the inner ring 4, the sleeve is slid in both axial directions to ensure that the assembly cannot be disassembled. Optionally, a certain amount of axial play may be permitted during the assembly of the sleeve 2 and the inner ring 4 of the ball joint 1. This play corresponds to a limited axial displacement of the sleeve 2 mounted in the bore 4b of the inner ring 4 of the ball joint 1.
Claims
1. Demands Method for mounting a plain bearing assembly (10) using tooling, the plain bearing assembly (10) comprising a ball joint (1) having an inner ring (4) having a spherical outer surface (4a), and an outer ring (5) having a spherical inner surface (5a) mounted on the spherical outer surface (4a) of the inner ring, a sleeve 2 having an outer surface (2a) mounted in the bore (4b) of the inner ring (4) of the ball joint (1), and a radially elastic retaining ring (6) extending inside a groove (44) formed in the bore of the inner ring of the ball joint (1) and inside a groove (22) formed on the outer surface (2a) of the sleeve (2), the tooling comprising: - a mounting ring (8) provided, at one axial end, with a collar (9), and - a mounting shaft (11) having a first part (1a) of frustoconical shape and a second part (11b) for mounting the sleeve (2), the mounting shaft (11) being configured to be inserted into the bore (4b) of the inner ring (4) of the ball joint (1), characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: - a step of positioning the retaining ring (6) on the first part (1a, PI) of the mounting shaft (11), - a step of inserting the sleeve (2) onto the second part (11b) of the mounting shaft (11), - an assembly step of the inner ring (4) of the ball joint (1) in the bore (5b) of the outer ring (5) - a step of inserting the mounting ring (8) into the bore (4b) of the inner ring (4) of the ball joint 1 until the flange (9) of the mounting ring (8) is brought against the inner ring (4), - a step of introducing the first part (1a) of the mounting shaft (11) equipped with the retaining ring (6) into the bore (4b) of the inner ring axially on the side opposite the sleeve (2), and - an axial pushing step of the mounting shaft (11) inside the bore (4b) of the inner ring (4) of the ball joint until: - the stop of the retaining ring (6) against the mounting ring (8) and the introduction of the retaining ring (6) into the groove (44) of the inner ring (4) by elastic deformation, then - the introduction of said retaining ring (6) into the groove (22) of the sleeve (2) by elastic return and the axial joining of the sleeve (2) and the inner ring (4) of the ball joint (1).
2. Assembly method according to claim 1, wherein the step of assembling the inner ring (4) in the outer ring (5b) is carried out prior to the step of inserting the mounting ring (8) into the bore (4b) of the inner ring (4).
3. Assembly method according to the preceding claim, wherein during the axial pushing step of the mounting shaft (11), the mounting ring (8) is held until the retaining ring (6) stops against the mounting ring (8), causing the retaining ring (6) to slide along the first part (lia) of the mounting shaft (11), until the retaining ring (6) is introduced into the groove (44) of the inner ring (4) by elastic return.
4. Assembly method according to the preceding claim wherein during the axial pushing step of the mounting shaft (11), and subsequent to the insertion of the retaining ring (6) into the groove (44) of the inner ring (4), the mounting ring (8) adheres to the first part (lia) of said mounting shaft (11) and disengages from the bore (5b) of the outer ring (5).
5. Assembly method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a step of removing the mounting shaft (11) from the bore (4b) of the inner ring (4) once the sleeve (2) and the inner ring (4) are axially joined.
6. Tooling for carrying out the assembly method according to any one of the preceding claims, the tooling comprising: - a mounting ring (8) provided, at an axial end, with a collar (9), and - a mounting shaft 11 having a first part (lia) of frustoconical shape and a second part (11b) for mounting the sleeve (2).
7. Tooling according to claim 6, wherein the first part (1a) of the mounting shaft (11) has a stepped frustoconical shape comprising several successive bearings (P1, P2, P3) arranged along its axis, and wherein: - the first bearing (PI) having a first diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the retaining ring in the free state, - the second bearing (P2) having a second diameter greater than the first diameter and corresponding to the outer diameter of the ring (6) in an elastic deformation configuration, less than the inner diameter of the bore 4b of the inner ring (4), - the third bearing (P3) having a third diameter greater than the first and second diameters and less than the diameter of the bore (2b) of the sleeve (2).
8. Tooling according to claim 7, wherein the third bearing (P3) of the first part (1la) of the mounting shaft (11) has an axial length at least equal to half the axial length of the sleeve (2).
9. Tooling according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the mounting part (11b) of the sleeve (2) has a diameter less than or equal to the diameter of the bore 4b of the inner ring (4) of the ball joint (1).
10. Tooling according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the diameter of the inner surface (8a) of the mounting ring (8) is less than the diameter of the bore (4b) of the inner ring (4) of the ball joint (1).