Key, and key and insert system, particularly for opening and locking a lock

Abstract

The key comprises a gripping part (bow) 11, a cylindrical working shaft (shank) 12 and a driver or abutment 14 for locating the key in a lock. A radial groove 15 of variable depth is formed on a circu

Description

The object of the invention is a key, particularly for opening and locking a lock allowing access to protected areas, such as a door lock, a padlock or the like. The object of the invention is also a system of a key and insert, particularly for opening and locking a lock allowing access to protected areas, such as a door lock, a padlock or the like. Flat keys are known in prior art, for example in the Polish patent document PL 195021, which have a flat key shaft and on both flat surfaces thereof having a longitudinal profile provided with longitudinal grooves and / or longitudinal ribs, wherein in the section of the apex profile, which is narrower than the shaft, there is situated at least one of the key notches made on its chin, used to control the valve spindle, wherein the apex profile is superior to the shaft profile, and the outline of the apex profile lies inside the outline of the shaft profile. A key for actuating lock and gate mechanisms of a cylindrical shape is known in the Polish application description P.295989, having an abutment on the working surface for determining the position of the key in the lock or gate mechanism and transferring the drive from the key to the lock or gate mechanism. In addition, the key has recesses on its cylindrical shaft for unbolting the lock or gate mechanism. The description of the utility model PL 55805 discloses a key for actuating locks and gates, comprising a gripping portion and a working shaft, on the outer cylindrical surface of which an abutment is situated, which determines the location of the key in the lock or gate mechanism and transfers the drive from the key to the lock or gate mechanism, and recesses are situated for unbolting the lock or gate mechanism, the ratio of the size of the outer diameter of the cylinder-shaped working shaft to the inner diameter being 8:5.1. A key for a lock mechanism is known in the Polish application description P.405474, comprising a gripping part and a cylindrical working shaft with an outer diameter D, on the outer surface of which an abutment with a width h is situated, 01 08 24 produced by extruding the working shaft from the cylindrical surface, determining the position of the key in the lock mechanism and transferring the drive from the key to the lock mechanism. The abutment has a substantially rectangular shape in the cross-section through the key working shaft, the upper edge of the abutment being at a greater distance from the axis of the working shaft cylinder than the radius of the working shaft cylinder. Coding recesses are situated on the cylindrical surface of the key, cooperating with elements for unbolting the lock mechanism, such as pins. Mechanisms of locks and drum gates are known, in which two collaborating sleeve elements are in the form of a drum, namely an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve. The lock mechanism is locked in a box provided with a gripping part and at least one bolt. Radial holes are provided in both sleeves, in which locking elements are embedded in the form of pegs supported by springs. The locking pegs have dimensions selected so as to make it impossible in a keyless state to turn the inner sleeve relative to the outer sleeve and thus to open the lock. In known mechanisms of locks and drum gates, the rotation of the inner sleeve relative to the outer sleeve is possible after determining the position of the locking elements in such a position that the locking elements align on the dividing line of both sleeves, which allows the rotation of one sleeve relative to the other and the unlocking of the lock. Such known locking mechanisms have locking elements arranged in rows, for example four, arranged radially at 90° intervals. A key having a cylindrical shaft and coding recesses arranged on its cylindrical surface, correspondingly positioning the locking elements in the lock mechanism in the form of pegs, cooperates with the mechanism of such a lock. In order for the pegs of the locking elements not to fall into the inner sleeve after the key is removed, a guide in the form of a spindle fixed to the base of the drum is arranged in the sleeve's longitudinal axis. A lock mechanism with a key withdrawal lock is known in the application description of the Polish invention P.405478, which comprises a cylindrical drum with two concentric sleeves: an inner and an outer one with locking components radially angularly arranged in rows along the axis of the drum, located in channels made in the 01 08 24 inner sleeve and the outer sleeve. The mechanism is unlocked by a key with a cylindrical shaft with an inner guiding hole and coding elements cooperating with the locking components located on the outer surface of the key. At least two radially angularly arranged rows of locking components are arranged in the inner and outer sleeves at three different angular intervals. An anti-theft device for a lock and key is known in the Chinese application description of the utility model CN2170349. The lock is equipped with an insert with a rotationally movable inner element and a stationary outer element. Sets of locking valves are arranged in the outer stationary element, composed of two peg elements supported by a spring. In a specific position of the valves caused by the introduction of the appropriate key into the drum insert, the valves are set in a position that allows the lock to be opened. The Chinese utility model CN201574630 discloses a three-row bi-directional recessed cylinder assembly that is simple to build and convenient to use. The three-row bi-directional recessed lock cylinder assembly consists of a lock cylinder housing, a lock core and a sliding wheel, three rows of lock peg holes are arranged in the lock insert housing, the main row of lock peg holes being arranged in a central position of the upper part of the drum insert housing, the other two auxiliary rows of lock peg holes being arranged in the positions of the two sides of the upper part of the drum insert housing, the lock core being provided with three rows of through holes, the main row of locking pivot springs. The purpose of the invention is to develop a key solution, particularly for opening and locking a lock allowing access to protected areas, such as a door lock, a padlock or the like, as well as providing a new key solution making it difficult to make an illegal copy and thus better safeguard of the protected objects. The purpose of the invention is also to develop a key and insert system solution, particularly for opening and locking a lock allowing access to protected areas, such as a door lock, a padlock or the like, allowing to avoid irregularities of solutions known in prior art, as well as providing a new type of solution aimed at improving the safeguarding of protected objects containing a lock in which a drum insert is opened with a key, as 01 08 24 well as enabling the construction of so-called master key systems, i.e. mechanical access control systems. According to the first invention, the key, particularly for the drum insert for opening and locking the lock, allowing access to the protected areas, comprises a gripping part and a working shaft of a cylindrical outer shape. The working shaft is equipped with a driver constituting an abutment determining the position of the key in the drum insert of the lock after its introduction into the drum insert. On the circumference of the key working shaft a radial groove is formed having side walls and a bottom wherein the side walls converge towards the bottom of the radial groove and the depth of the radial groove is variable, that is to say, it may have a differential depth on its circumference. Preferably, coding recesses are provided in the outer surface of the working shaft, designed to cooperate with the valves embedded in the drum insert of the lock. Also preferably, a radial groove is formed between the driver and the free end of the working shaft. Also preferably, the working shaft of the key from the opposite side to the gripping part is hollowed out along the longitudinal axis such that it constitutes a tube of a length smaller than the distance of the radial groove to the free end of the working shaft. Preferably, the key working shaft is hollowed out along the longitudinal axis on a portion of its length from the opposite side to the gripping part such that it constitutes a tube, the thickness of the key working shaft tube being greater than the greatest depth of the radial groove. It is also preferable for the abutment determining the position of the key, in the drum insert of the lock after its introduction into the drum insert, to be situated between the gripping part of the key and the radial groove on the outer surface of the working shaft. 01 08 24 According to the second invention, the key and the drum insert system, particularly for opening and locking the lock allowing access to the protected areas, comprises a key having a gripping part and a working shaft with a cylindrical outer shape, wherein the working shaft is marked with coding recesses designed to cooperate with the working valves embedded in the drum insert of the lock. The working shaft is equipped with a driver constituting an abutment determining the position of the key in the drum insert of the lock after its introduction into the drum insert. The drum insert has an inner rotary part and an outer stationary part. The inner rotary part is provided with a slot for the abutment, having a symmetry axis lying in a plane comprising a longitudinal axis of the drum insert and at least one set of working valves extending through the rotary part and the stationary part of the drum insert. The rotary portion of the drum insert comprises means for actuating the bolting mechanism of the lock. On the circumference of the whole key working shaft a radial groove is formed having side walls and a bottom wherein the side walls converge towards the bottom of the radial groove and the depth of the radial groove is variable on its circumference. A testing valve cooperating with the radial key groove is provided in the drum insert, consisting of an external valve and an internal valve supported by a spring and embedded in the drum insert channel which extends through the rotary part and the stationary part. The angular position a of the testing valve relative to the plane comprising the longitudinal axis of the drum insert and the axis of the driver slot in cross-section through the drum insert is variable, which means that different drum inserts may have a testing valve located at different a angles, wherein for a given a angle of the testing valve angular position, the length of the inner valve of the testing valve and the depth of the groove in the key is set so that the testing valve corresponding to this a angle is open after the introduction of the appropriate key into the drum insert, that is to say it is possible to rotate the rotary part relative to the stationary part of the drum insert. This insert and key design allows for better and thus efficient protection against an unauthorized extra key being made and the lock being opened. If the key is copied, not only the coding recesses on the key working shaft have to be reproduced, wherein one recess is intended to cooperate with one working valve, but a peripheral groove has to be 01 08 24 made while maintaining its entire depth profile on the circumference of the working shaft, because in market practice, the service person copying the key does not know the a angular position of the testing valve in the drum insert which the copy is being made for. For this reason, the entire depth profile of the peripheral groove has to be reproduced so that for any a angular position of the testing valve it is opened after the introduction of the appropriate key into the drum insert. The peripheral groove can also be used in the construction of master key systems, where for one peripheral groove depth profile there may be multiple individual drum inserts differing in the code of the working valves. All individual drum inserts may, of course, have a testing valve located at any different a angles, but all drum inserts of a given group may cooperate with a given peripheral groove of a key with a defined depth profile on its circumference. In this way, groups of locks or more complex access control systems can be created, as a great many peripheral groove depth profiles can be created, and these profiles can be partially overlapping or detachable. It is preferable for the groove to have side walls and a bottom, wherein the side walls converge toward the bottom of the radial groove. It is also preferable for the key shaft to be hollowed out such that it constitutes a tube on the portion of its length from the opposite side to the gripping part smaller than the distance of the radial groove to the free end of the working shaft. It is also preferable for the key working shaft to be hollowed out along the longitudinal axis on a portion of its length from the opposite side to the gripping part such that it constitutes a tube, the thickness of the key working shaft tube being greater than the greatest depth of the radial groove. It is also preferable for the abutment, determining the position of the key in the insert after its introduction into the insert, to be situated between the gripping part of the key and the radial groove on the outer surface of the working shaft. It is also preferable for the testing valve to have a movement stop in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the drum insert, which constitutes a limiting protrusion on the 01 08 24 inner valve of the testing valve, constituting a diameter fault and a threshold in the drum insert channel formed by the diameter fault in the channel. It is also preferable for the drum insert to be provided with a spindle arranged in the axis of the drum insert, the diameter of which is close to that of the diameter of the inner key tube, so that the key can be inserted onto the spindle and, when the key is removed from the drum insert, the valves are supported on the spindle. The object of the invention is shown in the exemplary embodiments on the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows the key without coding recesses in the perspective side view, Fig. 2 shows the key in the side view, Fig. 3 shows the key in cross-section according to the line A-A of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 shows the key with coding recesses formed in the perspective side view, Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal section through the drum insert with the key along the longitudinal axis, and Fig. 6 shows a cross-section along the line B-B of Fig. 5 through the drum insert with the key, containing the axis of the testing valve. As shown in Figs. 1, Fig. 2 Fig. 3, the key 10, has a gripping part 11, and a working shaft 12. The working shaft 12 of the key 10 is designed to apply to it the coding recesses designed to cooperate with the working valves 21 embedded in the drum insert 20 of the lock, wherein Fig. 4 shows the key 10, on the working shaft 12 of which the coding recesses 12a are marked. The key 10 is a product designed to be adapted to cooperate with a particular drum insert 20. Adjustment of the key 10 consists of giving it the appropriate physical characteristics which allow the unlocking of the elements of the drum insert, which will be discussed later in the description. Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the invention, in which the key 10 has all the above-mentioned features, and thus has a gripping part 11, and a working shaft 12, wherein coding recesses 12a are marked on the working shaft 12 of the key 10. The method of making the coding recesses 12a is known in prior art, and in the embodiment of the invention shown on Fig. 4 it consists of making them by means of a finger milling 01 08 24 cutter, which, with its side surface, sinks to a given depth in the side surface of the working shaft 12 of the key 10 for making a given set of coding recesses 12a. In locksmiths’ practice, the key 10 without making coding recesses 12a on the working shaft 12 is called a raw key, from which appropriate keys 10 are formed in services when making keys for already installed locks, adapted to cooperate with a particular drum insert 20. However, it should be kept in mind that in a particular case, all coding recesses 12a on the working shaft 12 of the key 10 may have a zero value, which may also be an adjustment of the key 10 to the drum insert 20. In such a case, the key 10 - so-called raw key - will also be the appropriate key adapted to the particular drum insert 20. It should also be pointed out that in locksmiths’ practice in services of making additional keys 10 there are no devices for making a peripheral groove 15 on the cylindrical working shaft 12 of the key 10, therefore keys 10 with a specific marked profile of the peripheral groove 15 can be introduced on the market by the manufacturer as raw keys for a given group of locks. In the embodiments of the invention shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the working shaft 12 has an outer cylindrical shape, but it is obvious that such a cylindrical shape can only have a portion of the working shaft 12. The key 10 shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 has a driver 13 formed on the working shaft 12. The driver 13 constitutes an abutment 14 formed in this embodiment of the invention from the material of the working shaft 12, the key 10, by extruding it. The purpose of the driver 13 is to provide the possibility of transferring torque from the key 10 to the elements of drum insert 20 and further to the means for actuating the bolting mechanism of the lock (not shown) for bolting or unbolting the lock, after adjusting the key 10 to the particular drum insert 20. A radial groove 15 is formed on the working shaft 12 of the key 10, whose depth is variable depending on the angle between the measurement point on the key 10 and the plane of symmetry of the driver 13, the key 10.. The radial groove 15 shown in Fig. 2 formed on the circumference of the working shaft 12 of the key 10 has two side walls 15a that extend into the bottom 15b representing 01 08 24 the deepest location of the radial groove 15 in its cross-section. The side walls 15a converge toward the bottom 15b of the radial groove 15 so that they are inclined with respect to the outer surface of the working shaft 12 of the key 10, that is, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the working shaft 12 of the key 10 approaching each other in the vicinity of the bottom 15b of the radial groove 15. Such shaping of the radial groove 15 is intended to properly cooperate the key 10 with the corresponding elements of the drum insert 20, as described below. As shown in Figs. 1 Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, a radial groove 15 is formed between the driver 13 and the free end of the working shaft 12 of the key 10, wherein it is obvious that in other embodiments of the invention it can be formed, for example, between the coding recesses 12a or on a portion of the working shaft 12, the key 10 between the coding recesses 12a and the free end of the working shaft 12 of the key 10. In the embodiments of the invention shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the working shaft 12 of the key 10 from the opposite side to the gripping part 11 is hollowed out along the longitudinal axis such that it constitutes a tube of a length smaller than the distance of the radial groove 15 to the free end of the working shaft 12 of the key 10. In other embodiments of the invention (not shown), the working shaft 12 of the key 10 may be hollowed out along the longitudinal axis on a portion of its length from the opposite side to the gripping part 11 such that it constitutes a tube at a greater distance from the free end of the working shaft 12, but in such a case the thickness of the tube of the working shaft 12 of the key 10 is greater than the greatest depth of the radial groove 15. The object of the first invention is a key 10 and the object of the second invention is a system of a key 10 and drum insert 20, wherein the key 10, as defined in the second invention, has coding recesses 12a marked thereon in such a way that such a key 10 unbolts the set of working valves 21, allowing the rotary part 30a of the insert 30 to rotate relative to the stationary part 30b of the insert 30 and the lock to be opened. As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the drum insert 20, being an element of the system of a key 10 and drum insert 20, has a rotary part 20a and a stationary part 20b and is 01 08 24 provided with a slot 22 for the abutment 14 of the driver 13, the slot 22 having a symmetry axis lying in a plane comprising a longitudinal axis of the drum insert 20. The drum insert 20 has at least one set of working valves 21 extending through the rotary part 20a and the stationary part 20b of the drum insert 20, wherein two rows of working valves 21 of the four rows used in this embodiment of the invention can be seen on the longitudinal section through the drum insert 20 shown in Fig. 5 The working valves 21 are shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, and their operation is perfectly known in the prior art. The rotary portion 20a of the drum insert 20 is provided with means known in the prior art for actuating the bolting mechanism of the lock (not shown). As shown in Fig. 5, the drum insert 20 is provided with a slot 22 for the abutment 14 of the driver 13 of the working shaft 12 of the key 10, the slot 22 having a symmetry axis lying in a plane comprising a longitudinal axis of the drum insert 20. In other words, the axis of symmetry of the abutment 14 of the working shaft 12 of the key 10 lies in the plane in which the longitudinal axis of the drum insert 20 lies. As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, a testing valve 23 cooperating with the groove 15 of the key 10 is provided in the drum insert 20, consisting of an external valve 25 and an internal valve 26 supported by a spring 27 and embedded in the drum insert 20 channel 24 which extends through the rotary part 20a and the stationary part 20b. The a angular position of the testing valve 23 in a cross-section through the drum insert 20 relative to the plane comprising the longitudinal axis of the drum insert 20 and the axis of the driver 22 slot is variable, which means that different drum inserts 20 may have a testing valve 23 located at different a angles, wherein for a given a angle of the testing valve 23 angular position the length of the inner valve 26 of the testing valve 23 and the depth of the radial groove 15 in the key 10 is set so that the testing valve 23 corresponding to this a angle is open after the introduction of the appropriate key 10 into the drum insert 20, that is to say, it is possible to rotate the rotary part 20a relative to the stationary part 20b of the drum insert 20 and transfer torque into bolting elements of the lock. In the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the outer valve 25 and the inner valve 26 of the testing valve 23 are cylindrical in shape, but it is clear that 01 08 24 they may have a different shape in cross-section, for example rectangular, or square, or oval. As shown in Fig. 5, the introduction of the key 10 into the drum insert 10, which is a set with this insert in the system, causes the opening of both the testing valve 23 and all the working valves 21 and thus the possibility of unbolting or bolting the lock comprising the drum insert 20. As shown in Fig. 5, the drum insert 20 is provided with a spindle 30 arranged in the axis of the drum insert 20, the diameter of which is close to that of the diameter of the inner tube of the key 10, so that the key 10 can be inserted onto the spindle 30 and, when the key 10 is removed from the drum insert 20, the working valves 21 are supported on the spindle 20. In the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 5, the testing valve 23 of the drum insert 20 is located at a location where the spindle 30 embedded in the drum insert 20 in its axis does not extend. In such a condition, removing the key 10 from the drum insert 20 could cause testing valve 23 elements to fall into the interior of the drum insert 20. To avoid this, as shown in the embodiment of the invention in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the testing valve 23 of the drum insert 20 has a movement stop in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the drum insert 20, which constitutes a limiting protrusion 28 on the inner valve 26 of the testing valve 23, constituting a diameter fault and a threshold 29 in the drum insert 20 channel 24 formed by the diameter fault in the channel 24. After removing the key 10 from the drum insert 20, the inner valve 26 of the testing valve 23, pushed by the spring 27 through the outer valve 25, stops at the threshold 29 of the channel 24 diameter fault. In the event that the length of the spindle 30 is greater, that is, the testing valve 23 of the drum insert 20 is located at a location reached by the spindle 30 embedded in the drum insert 20 in its axis, in the working shaft 12 of the key 10 along the longitudinal axis on the portion of the length of the working shaft 12 from the opposite side to the gripping part 11, the opening is hollowed out so that it constitutes a tube, the thickness of the tube of the working shaft 12 of the key 10 being greater than the greatest depth of the radial groove 15. In such a case, the internal valve 26 of the testing valve 23, pushed by the spring 27 through the external valve 25, stops at the spindle 30 as in the working valves 21. 01 08 24 26 02 25

Claims

1. A key for a drum insert of a lock for opening and locking the lock allowing access to protected areas, the key comprising a gripping part (11) and a working shaft (12) of a cylindrical outer shape, and is provided with a driver (13) constituting an abutment (14), determining the position of the key (10), in the drum insert of the lock after its introduction into the drum insert, wherein, on the entire circumference of the working shaft (12) of the key (10), a radial groove (15) is formed having side walls (15a) and a base (15b), wherein the side walls (15a) converge towards the base (15b) of the radial groove (15), wherein a cross-section of the working shaft (12) within the radial groove (15) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the working shaft is rounded, and wherein the depth of the radial groove (15) varies along the circumference of the working shaft (12).

2. The key according to claim 1, wherein coding recesses (12a) are formed in the outer surface of the working shaft (12).

3. The key according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the radial groove (15) is formed between the driver (13) and the free end of the working shaft (12).

4. The key according to any preceding claim, wherein the working shaft (12) of the key (10) from the opposite side to the gripping part (11) is hollowed out along the longitudinal axis so that it constitutes a tube of a length smaller than the distance of the radial groove (15) to the free end of the working shaft (12).

5. The key according to any preceding claim, wherein the working shaft (12) of the key (10) is hollowed out along the longitudinal axis on a portion of its length from the opposite side to the gripping part (11) so that it constitutes a tube, the thickness of the tube of the working shaft (12) of the key (10) being greater than the greatest depth of the radial groove (15).

6. The key according to any preceding claim, wherein the abutment (14) determining the position of the key (10) in the drum insert of the lock is situated between the gripping26 02 25part (11) of the key (10) and the radial groove (15) on the outer surface of the working shaft (12).

7. A system of a key according to any preceding claim and a plurality of drum inserts including a drum insert corresponding to the key, each drum insert (20) comprising:a rotary part (20a) comprising means for actuating a bolting mechanism of a respective lock;a stationary part (20b);a slot (22) for the abutment (14), the slot (22) having a symmetry axis lying in a plane comprising a longitudinal axis of the drum insert (20);at least one set of working valves (21) extending through the rotary part (20a) and the stationary part (20b); anda testing valve (23) for cooperating with the radial groove (15) of the key (10), the testing valve (23) provided in a channel (24) in the drum insert (20) extending through the rotary part (20a) and the stationary part (20b) and composed of an external valve (25) and an inner valve (26) supported by a spring (27) and embedded in the channel (24),wherein on the working shaft (12) of the key there are marked coding recesses (12a) intended to cooperate with the working valves (21) embedded in the drum insert (20) corresponding to the key,wherein each testing valve (23) has an a angular position in cross-section through its respective drum insert (20) relative to the plane comprising the longitudinal axis of the drum insert (20) and the axis of the slot (22) wherein different drum inserts (20) of the plurality of drum inserts have the testing valve (23) located at different a angles, respectively,wherein for a given a angle of the angular position of the testing valve (23) in the drum insert corresponding to the key, the length of the inner valve (26) of the testing valve (23) and the depth profile of the groove (15) in the key (10) is set so that the testing valve (23) corresponding to this a angle is open after the key (10) is introduced into the drum insert (20), that is, rotation of the rotary part (20a) relative to the stationary part (20b) of the drum insert (20) is possible.26 02 258. The system of the key and the plurality of drum inserts according to claim 7, wherein the testing valve (23) of each drum insert (20) has a movement stop in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the respective drum insert (20), which constitutes a limiting protrusion (28) on the inner valve (26) of the testing valve (23), constituting a diameter fault and a threshold (29) in the drum insert (20) channel (24) formed by the diameter fault in the channel (24).

9. The system of the key and the plurality of drum inserts according to claim 7 or claim 8, wherein the working shaft (12) of the key (10) is a tube and each drum insert (20) is provided with a spindle (30) embedded in the axis of the respective drum insert (20), the diameter of the spindle (30) is close to the diameter of the inner tube of the key (10), so that the key (10) can be slid onto the spindle (30) and, when the key (10) is removed from the respective drum insert (20), the valves (21) are supported on the spindle (30).

10. The system of the key and the plurality of drum inserts according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the key is one of a series of keys having identical radial grooves and the plurality of drum inserts includes a series of drum inserts corresponding to the series of keys, respectively,wherein each key of the series of keys has different marked coding recesses (12a) on its working shaft (12) intended to cooperate with the working valves (21) embedded in the corresponding drum insert,wherein for a given a angle of the angular position of the testing valve (23) in each drum insert of the series of drum inserts, the length of the inner valve (26) of the testing valve (23) and the depth profile of the radial groove (15) is set so that the testing valve (23) corresponding to this a angle is open after the key (10) is introduced into the drum insert (20) and rotation of the rotary part (20a) relative to the stationary part (20b) of the drum insert (20) is possible.

11. The system of the key and the plurality of drum inserts according to claim 10, wherein different drum inserts of the series of drum inserts have the testing valve located at different a angles, respectively.

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