A tanning composition

Abstract

A cosmetic liner, such as a lip liner, containing a tanning composition comprising at least one tanning component capable of reacting with human skin to provide a more tanned appearance and a dermatol

Description

This invention relates to methods of administering a tanning composition and more particularly to a method of tanning the lips, applying freckles or beauty marks, or darkening the nipples, which method comprises administering to the lips, face or 5 nipples of a subject an effective tanning amount of the tanning composition. Background of the Invention Numerous products are known for colouring the lips to provide a coloured appearance. For example, many non-permanent makeup products are available including lipsticks, lip gloss, lip liners and more. Permanent makeup (also called 10 semi-permanent makeup) products are also known, this technique involves using cosmetic tattoos on or around the lips (or other areas of the face) to give the desired look. Permanent or semi-permanent makeup usually lasts up to a few years before reapplication is needed. Non-permanent makeup has the disadvantage that reapplication is needed every 15 day. It is also the case that many non-permanent makeup products are not waterproof and therefore cannot be used during activities such as swimming. Permanent makeup solves these problems of non-permanent makeup. However, permanent makeup cannot be removed once applied and therefore the wearer may be stuck with makeup they no longer like or a look that has gone out of 20 fashion for several years. Permanent makeup is also expensive since it cannot be applied at home. Recent trends have tried to overcome these problems by applying existing tanning formulations to the face. These tanning formulations allow the wearer to apply the “makeup” themselves and have the added benefit that the tan lasts longer than 25 non-permanent makeup and is fully waterproof. However, existing tanning products are not designed for application to the face as makeup and can therefore be difficult to apply. As such, there exists a need for improved tanning compositions for application to the face (and in particular the lips) which do not suffer from the disadvantages 30 noted above. The Invention 02 09 24 The present invention provides a method of tanning the lips, applying freckles or beauty marks, or darkening the nipples, which method comprises administering to the lips, face or nipples of a subject an effective amount of a tanning composition. Accordingly, in a first aspect, the invention provides a method of tanning the lips, 5 applying freckles or beauty marks, or darkening the nipples, which method comprises administering to the lips, face or nipples of a subject a cosmetic liner containing an effective tanning amount of a tanning composition comprising: (i) at least one tanning component; and (ii) an aqueous dermatologically acceptable carrier, 10 wherein the tanning component (i) comprises a polyhydroxy-ketone which is capable of undergoing a Maillard reaction with amino acids in skin keratin to produce a melanoidin and is present in an amount of from 5% to 20% (w / w) of the composition, and wherein the cosmetic liner is in the form of a pen comprising a reservoir for the 15 tanning composition and a wick which extends from the reservoir to a nib of the pen. References herein to percentages by weight (w / w) refer to the percentage weight relative to the total weight of the composition, unless indicated to the contrary. The term “tanning” as used herein refers to the process of changing the colouration 20 of skin so that it has a more tanned or highly coloured appearance. The tanning component is capable of reacting with human skin to provide a more tanned appearance. The term “capable of reacting with human skin” is used in a general sense to include components that undergo a chemical reaction in the skin to produce a tanning colour, as well as components that act simply as dyes, and 25 components that stimulate the development of natural skin pigments. Thus, the methods of the invention may bring about the process of colouration of the skin by one or more mechanisms. For example, the methods of the invention can use compositions which contain components that stimulate the activity of melanocytes in the skin so as to bring about more rapid production of melanin. 30 This effect can be achieved, for example, by the use of a combination of hexose sugar and beta-glucan. Alternatively or additionally, the methods can use compositions which contain a hydroxy-ketone component which reacts with amino 02 09 24 acids in the protein keratin in the skin in a Maillard reaction to give brown pigments known as melanoidins. The melanoidins are similar in colour to melanin. The polyhydroxy-ketone is typically selected from di hydroxyacetone and erythrulose. 5 In one general embodiment, the polyhydroxy-ketone is dihydroxyacetone. In another general embodiment, the polyhydroxy-ketone is erythrulose. In another general embodiment, the polyhydroxy-ketone is a mixture of dihydroxyacetone and erythrulose. The polyhydroxy-ketone is present in an amount of from 5% to 20% (w / w) of the 10 composition. When the polyhydroxy-ketone is a mixture of dihydroxyacetone and erythrulose, the dihydroxyacetone may be present in an amount of from 5% to 18% (w / w), for example from 5% to 15% (w / w) or from 8% to 15% (w / w), of the tanning composition and / or the erythrulose may be present in an amount of from 1% to 5% (w / w) of the tanning composition. 15 In some embodiments, the at least one tanning component (i) optionally also comprises a substance that stimulates the production of melanin by melanocytes when applied to the skin. Substances that stimulate the production of melanin by melanocytes when applied to the skin include 7-palmitoyl-5-hydroxy-2-methylchromone, and combinations of 20 at least one aldo-hexose sugar and beta-glucan; and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the substance that stimulates the production of melanin by melanocytes when applied to the skin is 7-palmitoyl-5-hydroxy-2-methylchromone. In another embodiment, the substance that stimulates the production of melanin by melanocytes when applied to the skin is a combination of at least one aldo-hexose 25 sugar and beta-glucan; and mixtures thereof. The aldo-hexose sugar in combination (b) may be selected from any of the sixteen naturally occurring aldo-hexose sugars but, more usually, is selected from mannose and glucose. Preferably, the compositions contain mannose. More usually, the compositions contain both mannose and glucose. 02 09 24 The total amount of aldohexose sugar present is typically an amount of no more than 1% (w / w) and more typically no more than 0.5% (w / w). For example, the total amount of aldo-hexose sugar may be up to 0.2 % (w / w). The beta-glucan can be present in the compositions used in the methods of the invention in amounts of up 5 to about 0.5% (w / w), more usually up to about 0.2% (w / w), for example up to about 0.1% (w / w). The dermatologically acceptable carrier (ii) (which may also be referred to as a vehicle) is an aqueous carrier and may constitute up to about 97% (w / w) of the composition. For example, the dermatologically acceptable carrier (ii) may 10 constitute from about 60% to about 97% (w / w) of the composition, more usually from about 65% to about 97% (w / w), and more typically from about 70% to about 95% (w / w) of the composition. The dermatologically acceptable carrier (ii) typically comprises one or more substances (for example two or more, or three or more) selected from water, 15 propylene glycol, butylene glycol, glycerol and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the dermatologically acceptable carrier (ii) comprises (or consists of) water, propylene glycol and butylene glycol. In some embodiments, water constitutes the major component of the dermatologically acceptable carrier. For example, water may constitute at least 20 60% (w / w) of the dermatologically acceptable carrier, typically at least 70%, more typically at least 80% and usually at least 85% (w / w) of the dermatologically acceptable carrier. Typically, water may constitute up to 97% (w / w) of the dermatologically acceptable carrier. As discussed above, the dermatologically acceptable carrier (ii) may further 25 comprise propylene glycol and / or butylene glycol. Propylene glycol may constitute from 1% to 10% (w / w) of the dermatologically acceptable carrier, typically 2% or greater and / or typically 8% or less. Butylene glycol may constitute from 0.5% to 10% (w / w) of the dermatologically acceptable carrier, typically 1% or greater and / or typically 7% or less. 30 The compositions used in the methods of the invention typically contain, in addition to components (i) and (ii) above, one or more preservatives (iii). 02 09 24 The preservatives (iii) can be selected from, for example, phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, dehydroacetic acid and ethylhexylglycerin. Typically, two or more, or three or more of the aforesaid preservatives are present. Preferably, the compositions are substantially free of 5 parabens. Preferably, phenoxethanol is present as a preservative. The total amount of preservative present is typically in an amount from 0.1% and / or up to 2% (w / w). The compositions may comprise one or more emulsifiers or surfactants (iv), preferably non-ionic surfactants. Examples of surfactants that may be included in 10 the compositions are glyceryl esters of fatty acids (e.g. glyceryl stearate), polyethylene glycol derivatives of hydrogenated plant oils such as hydrogenated castor oil (e.g. PEG 40 hydrogenated castor oil), fatty alcohols such as cetearyl alcohol (a mixture of fatty alcohols, consisting predominantly of cetyl and stearyl alcohol) and polyoxyethylene ethers of fatty alcohols such as ceteareth non-ionic 15 surfactants (mainly ethers of cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol), for example ceteareth-20. Other examples of surfactants include glucosides, for example decyl glucoside. The total amount of surfactants can be, for example, up to about 5% (w / w), e.g. from 0.1% to about 4% (w / w). The compositions can contain one or more further substances (v) selected from: 20 (v-1) parfum; (v-2) cocoa butter; (v-3) tocopheryl acetate; (v-4) urea; (v-5) coumarin; 25 (v-6) pH adjusting agents such as triethanolamine and citric acid; (v-7) amino acids such as aspartate (e.g. magnesium aspartate) and glycine, alanine; (v-8) creatine; (v-9) Aloe Barbadensis powder; 30 (v-10) EDTA salts such as tetrasodium EDTA; (v-11) Cocos Nucifera fruit extract; (v-12) saccharide hydrolysate; (v-13) pearlescent materials such as mica; (v-14) skin conditioning agents or emollients such as isostearyl stearate; (v-15) pigments such as titanium dioxide (Cl 77891), yellow ferric oxide (Cl 5 77492), red ferric oxide (Cl 77491) and black ferric oxide (Cl 77499); (v-16) colourings such as CI19140, CI14700, CI42090 and CI17200; and (v-17) polyvinylpyrrolidine. 10 02 09 24 In one embodiment, the compositions contain one or more (for example two or more, or three or more, or four or more, or all of) further substances (v) selected from: (v-1) parfum; (v-3) tocopheryl acetate; (v-5) coumarin; (v-6) citric acid; (v-9) Aloe Barbadensis powder; (v-10) EDTA salts such as tetrasodium EDTA; and (v-16) colourings such as Cl 19140, Cl 14700, CI42090 and CI17200. Suitably, the tanning composition may comprise: (i-a) dihydroxyacetone in an amount of from 5% to 15% (w / w) of the 20 composition; (i-b) erythrulose in an amount of from 1% to 5% (w / w) of the composition; and (ii) a dermatologically acceptable carrier. Alternatively, the tanning composition may comprise: (i-a) dihydroxyacetone in an amount of from 5% to 15% (w / w) of the 25 composition; (i-b) erythrulose in an amount of from 1% to 5% (w / w) of the composition; and (ii) a dermatologically acceptable carrier comprising water, propylene glycol and butylene glycol. 02 09 24 Alternatively still, the tanning composition may comprise: (i-a) dihydroxyacetone in an amount of from 5% to 15% (w / w) of the composition; (i-b) erythrulose in an amount of from 1 % to 5% (w / w) of the composition; (ii-a) water in an amount of 70% to 85% (w / w) of the composition; (ii-b) propylene glycol in an amount of 2% to 6% (w / w) of the composition; and (ii-c) butylene glycol in an amount of 1 % to 5% (w / w) of the composition. The methods as described herein allow the user to apply and re-apply the tanning composition until the desired makeup look is achieved. Applying more layers of the tanning composition leads to a darker colour, while fewer layers give a lighter colour. Application of the tanning composition daily (or more often) will lead to a darker colour over time, whilst less frequent application (for example every few days or weekly) will allow the wearer to maintain a lighter colour. The applicator is important in allowing the user to re-apply the tanning composition. Since the applicator allows easy precision application, the tanning composition can be reapplied exactly over the initial application. This prevents a messy or smudged look that may occur if the tanning composition was applied multiple times with variation in position. The tanning composition used in the methods defined herein is contained within a cosmetic liner (e.g. a lip liner). The liner takes the form of a pen (similar to those conventionally used for eyeliners). Pen lip liners use a wick inside the pen to draw liquid to the tip. This means there is a continuous flow of the tanning composition to the tip during application. Since there is a continuous flow of the tanning composition during application, the tip of the pen remains at a stable saturation of the tanning composition during application. This reduces the chance of an uneven thickness of line being applied since the tanning composition is being transferred to the skin at a uniform rate throughout application. This would not be the case if a dip-type applicator or brush was used. Therefore, using a pen applicator makes application of the lip liner easier. Accordingly, the cosmetic liners (e.g. lip liners) used in the methods described herein comprise a reservoir for storing the tanning composition and a wick which 02 09 24 extends from the reservoir to a nib of the liner. The cosmetic liners used in the methods described herein are in the form of pens, accordingly the pens comprise a reservoir for storing the tanning composition and a wick which extends from the reservoir to a nib of the pen. 5 The invention accordingly also provides methods of using a pen which can be used for applying the tanning compositions described herein to parts of the body other than the lips. In a further aspect, the invention provides a method of tanning the lips which method comprises administering to the lips of a subject an effective tanning 10 amount of a tanning composition as defined herein, using a pen as described herein. In another aspect, the invention provides a method of applying freckles which method comprises administering to the face of a subject an effective tanning amount of a tanning composition as defined herein, using a pen as described 15 herein. In another aspect, the invention provides a method of applying beauty marks which method comprises administering to the face of a subject an effective tanning amount of a tanning composition as defined herein, using a pen as described herein. 20 In another aspect, the invention provides a method of darkening the nipples which method comprises administering to the nipples of a subject an effective tanning amount of a tanning composition as defined herein, using a pen as described herein. The terms “subject” and “subjects” as used herein refer to animal subjects, more 25 particularly mammalian subjects and most particularly human subjects. The tanning methods of the invention are primarily intended as cosmetic treatments. An advantage of the methods of the present invention is that they allow for a more permanent tanning of the lips compared to applying a pigment onto the surface of 30 the lips (i.e. compared to non-permanent makeup). Additionally, in the methods of the present invention, the tanning composition does not last as long as permanent 02 09 24 makeup, therefore the wearer can regularly update their look as they desire, for example as trends change. A further advantage of the methods of the present invention is that the user can easily apply the formulation themselves at home or when they are out and about. Due to the applicator used, the tanning composition 5 is significantly easier to apply compared to using a conventional (body) tan on the face applied with a separate brush which is messier and more technically difficult to apply. The tanning formulation in a pen applicator also enables easy reapplication “on the go”. Additionally, methods as described herein which use a liner style applicator (i.e. a 10 pen applicator) may be used to apply the tanning composition on other areas of the face and / or body. The tanning composition may be used to apply natural-looking fake freckles on the face and / or body. The tanning composition may also be used to apply fake beauty marks to the face and / or body. Another possible use of the tanning compositions described herein is to darken the nipples. 15 The invention will now be illustrated, but not limited, by reference to the specific Examples below. EXAMPLES Example 1 - Self-Tanning Lip Liner An ink was prepared by mixing together the following ingredients: Component Amount (%w / w of the total composition) Aqua 70-85 DHA 8-15 Propylene glycol 2-6 Erythrulose 1-5 Butylene glycol 1-5 Phenoxyethanol 0.1-2 Decyl Glucoside 0.1-2 PEG hydrogenated castor oil 0.1-2 Parfum 0.1-2 Aloe barbadensi leaf powder 0.1-2 Tetrasodium ETDA 0.1-1 Tocopheryl Acetate (Vitamin E) 0.1-1 Citric Acid 0.01-1 Courmarin 0.01-1 Once formed, the ink was filled into conventional cosmetic liner pen dispensers. Equivalents It will readily be apparent that numerous modifications and alterations may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention described above without 5 departing from the principles underlying the invention. All such modifications and alterations are intended to be embraced by this application. 02 09 24

Claims

1. A method of tanning the lips, applying freckles or beauty marks, or darkening the nipples, which method comprises administering to the lips, face or nipples of a subject a cosmetic liner containing an effective tanning amount of a5 tanning composition comprising:(i) at least one tanning component; and(ii) an aqueous dermatologically acceptable carrier,wherein the tanning component (i) comprises a polyhydroxy-ketone which is capable of undergoing a Maillard reaction with amino acids in skin keratin to10 produce a melanoidin and is present in an amount of from 5% to 20% (w / w) of the composition, andwherein the cosmetic liner is in the form of a pen comprising a reservoir for the tanning composition and a wick which extends from the reservoir to a nib of the pen.15 2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the polyhydroxy-ketone (i) isselected from dihydroxyacetone and erythrulose or a mixture thereof.

3. A method according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the aqueous carrier contains one or more polyols selected from propylene glycol, butylene glycol and mixtures thereof.20 4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein water constitutesfrom 80% to 97% (w / w) of the dermatologically acceptable carrier.

5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the dermatologically acceptable carrier further comprises propylene glycol in an amount of 2% to 8% (w / w) of the dermatologically acceptable carrier and / or25 butylene glycol in an amount of 1% to 7% (w / w) of the dermatologically acceptable carrier.

6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the composition contains a preservative selected from phenoxyethanol.

7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the cosmetic liner30 contains one or more further substances (v) selected from:02 09 24(v-1)parfum;(v-3)tocopheryl acetate;(v-5)coumarin;(v-6)citric acid;(v-9)Aloe Barbadensis powder;(v-10) EDTA salts such as tetrasodium EDTA; and(v-16) colourings such as CI19140, CI14700, CI42090 and CI17200 and mixtures thereof.

8. A method according to claim 1 wherein the cosmetic liner contains a10 tanning composition comprising:(i-a) dihydroxyacetone in an amount of from 5% to 15% (w / w) of the composition;(i-b) erythrulose in an amount of from 1 % to 5% (w / w) of the composition; and(ii) a dermatologically acceptable carrier.15 9. A method according to claim 1 wherein the cosmetic liner contains atanning composition comprising:(i-a) dihydroxyacetone in an amount of from 5% to 15% (w / w) of the composition;(i-b) erythrulose in an amount of from 1% to 5% (w / w) of the composition; and20 (ii) a dermatologically acceptable carrier comprising water, propylene glycol and butylene glycol.

10. A method according to claim 1 wherein the cosmetic liner contains a tanning composition comprising:(i-a) dihydroxyacetone in an amount of from 5% to 15% (w / w) of the25 composition;(i-b) erythrulose in an amount of from 1 % to 5% (w / w) of the composition;(ii-a) water in an amount of 70% to 85% (w / w) of the composition;(ii-b) propylene glycol in an amount of 2% to 6% (w / w) of the composition; and(ii-c) butylene glycol in an amount of 1 % to 5% (w / w) of the composition.

11. A method according to claim 1 wherein the cosmetic liner contains a tanning composition having the following composition:02 09 24Component Amount (%w / w of the total composition) Aqua 70-85 DHA 8-15 Propylene glycol 2-6 Erythrulose 1-5 Butylene glycol 1-5 Phenoxyethanol 0.1-2 Decyl Glucoside 0.1-2 PEG hydrogenated castor oil 0.1-2 Parfum 0.1-2 Aloe barbadensis leaf powder 0.1-2 Tetrasodium ETDA 0.1-1 Tocopheryl Acetate (Vitamin E) 0.1-1 Citric Acid 0.01-1 Courmarin 0.01-15 12. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 wherein the method is amethod of tanning the lips.

13. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 wherein the method is a method of applying freckles.

14. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 wherein the method is a 10 method of applying beauty marks.

15. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 wherein the method is a method of darkening the nipples.

16. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 15 wherein the cosmetic liner is not in the form of a felt-tip.02 09 24