Apparatus and method for vertically lifting and installing variable-diameter unbalanced-load device

Abstract

An apparatus for vertically lifting and installing a variable-diameter unbalanced-load device, the apparatus comprising: a track (10) and a track-type transport device (20) mounted on the track (10);

Description

The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering construction, and particularly to an apparatus and method for vertically lifting and installing a variable-diameter unbalanced-load device. BACKGROUND The installation of generator fans such as a high tower barrel device has always been a problem in device installation. A large crawler crane was used for installation in the past, which required the cooperation of the large crawler crane with other small and medium-sized hoisting devices, leading to low installation efficiency and poor economy. With the continuous development of fan technology, the fan tower barrel is getting higher and higher, so that it will be more and more difficult to increase a lifting height and a lifting weight of the crawler crane, and the economy will be worse. Based on the above reasons, a more efficient, economical and universal installation or dismantlement device and method are required. However, there are two outstanding difficulties in the installation of fan and other devices by lifting: on one hand, the fan tower barrel is a variable-diameter tower barrel, which generally has a structure of a small top and a large bottom, thus being not convenient for arranging the lifting device; and on the other hand, an upper machine room, a generator, blades and other devices of the fan cannot achieve complete equal moment balance between front and rear portions, which will bring a risk of unbalanced load in a lifting process. These are the key problems that must be solved when the fan is installed by the vertical lifting method. The patent solves the above problems well by an innovative and reasonable design. SUMMARY Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides an apparatus for vertically lifting and installing a variable-diameter unbalanced-load device, so as to solve the above problems. In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an apparatus for vertically lifting and installing a variable-diameter unbalanced-load device, comprising: a track and a track-type transport apparatus installed on the track; and a lifting frame, wherein the lifting frame has a truss structure, and comprises a plurality of supporting columns and an installing rod connected at upper portions of the supporting columns, and the lifting frame is disposed transversely above the track; and further comprising: multiple groups of lifting centralized-control apparatuses installed at different orientations on an outer side of the lifting frame, wherein the lifting centralized-control apparatuses are used for stably lifting the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device to an installing position after the track-type transport apparatus transports the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device into the lifting frame. Preferably, the track-type transport apparatus comprises a transport frame, wherein rollers adapted to the track are installed at a bottom portion of the transport frame, a plurality of supporting cylinders for fixing the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device are arranged at a top portion of the transport frame, piston rods of the supporting cylinders are connected with supporting shells, a transport frame hydraulic station and a transport frame electric cabinet are arranged on the transport frame, and the transport frame hydraulic station is electrically connected with the transport frame electric cabinet; and further comprises a track clamping device. Preferably, each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus comprises three continuous stretching hydraulic hoists, a lifting hydraulic station which provides power for the three continuous stretching hydraulic hoists, and a lifting electric cabinet which controls the lifting hydraulic station, a plurality of fixed pulleys are arranged on the installing rod, and the fixed pulleys are used for steel strand sets of the continuous stretching hydraulic hoists to penetrate through to lift the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device. Preferably, the continuous stretching hydraulic hoist comprises a supporting base, a continuous stretching hydraulic jack hinged on the supporting base, and a steel strand set reel arranged behind the continuous stretching hydraulic jack, the continuous stretching hydraulic jack is connected with the lifting hydraulic station, and a motor of the steel strand set reel is connected with the lifting electric cabinet; and in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus, one continuous stretching hydraulic hoist is connected with a hawser, the other two continuous stretching hydraulic hoists are connected with the steel strand sets, and the steel strand set of each continuous stretching hydraulic jack is connected with an anchoring assembly. Preferably, the lifting frame comprises three or four upright posts, the upright posts are all installed on two sides of the track, and a height of the installing rod is greater than a height of the track-type transport apparatus; and the installing rod is circular, and the plurality of fixed pulleys are uniformly distributed on the installing rod at equal angles. Preferably, the anchoring assembly comprises two groups of anchors sequentially connected to the steel strand set; the anchor comprises a cylindrical housing, and further comprises multiple groups of anchor seats annularly and uniformly distributed in the housing, the anchor seats are fixedly connected with the housing, and each group of anchor seats is correspondingly provided with an anchor sheet and a locking sheet; and a connection mode of the steel strand set and the anchoring assembly is that: after all steel strands penetrate through a front-end anchor, any two adjacent steel strands are respectively locked on different anchors. The present invention also provides a method for vertically lifting and installing a variable-diameter unbalanced-load device, comprising the following steps: SI: auxiliary work before lifting: comprising foundation construction, installation of base section of fan, installation of lifting frame, and installation and debugging of lifting centralized-control apparatus; S2: lifting and assembly of fan: installing hoisting points at equal angles in a circumferential direction of each tower section of a fan tower barrel, assembling a third tower section, a second tower section and a first tower section of the fan tower barrel, and a machine room, a generator and blades of a fan at an upper portion of the first tower section, so that a steel strand set of one continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus is connected with the third tower section, a steel strand set of another continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus is connected with the second tower section, and a hawser of the last continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus is connected with the first tower section, and starting up the lifting centralized-control apparatus to lift the installed device over a height of one tower section, so as to facilitate placement and installation of a new tower section, wherein a connection mode of the steel strand set and the tower section is that: after all steel strands penetrate through a front-end anchor, any two adjacent steel strands are respectively locked on different anchors; S3: transportation and placement of new tower section: according to a number of groups of transport frames selected, hoisting one tower section for each transport frame, and starting up supporting cylinders respectively, so that supporting shells tightly abut against the tower section, then sequentially transporting the tower sections into the lifting frame according to an assembly sequence, and executing the next step; S4: connection and lifting of new tower section: loosening the connection between the steel strand sets of the second tower section and the hoisting points of the second tower section, installing the steel strand sets on the hoisting points of the new tower section, loosening the support of the supporting shells on the tower section after all the steel strand sets are uniformly stressed, slowly lifting the new tower section, and connecting a top portion of the new tower section with a bottom portion of the third tower section; then carrying out linked control over the lifting centralized-control apparatus, and after the installed tower section and the device are stably lifted as a whole by a height of one tower section, moving another transport frame provided with the tower section to a position below the installed tower section, locking a track clamping device with a track, and repeating the above operations to completely connect the fan tower barrel; S5: connection of base section of fan: when the tower section connected with the base section is connected with other tower section of the fan tower barrel, after the installed fan is lifted as a whole by a height of one tower section, removing the tower section transport frame out of the lifting frame, then carrying out linked control over the lifting centralized-control apparatus, slowly lowering the installed tower section and the device of the fan as a whole, and connecting the whole fan tower barrel with the base section; S6: confirmatory debugging of fan: debugging all components and devices of the fan; and S7: dismantlement of auxiliary apparatuses: dismantling the lifting frame, the lifting centralized-control apparatus and the transport frame to complete the installation. Preferably, the S2 is executed by using a mobile crane for hoisting, and specifically comprises the following steps: S2-1: starting up the mobile crane to hoist the third tower section to the base section, connecting the steel strand set of one continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus to the third tower section, adjusting the third tower section to be vertical, and tightening the steel strand set to be stressed; S2-2: starting up the mobile crane to hoist the second tower section to a position above the third tower section, coaxially connecting and fixing the second tower section with the third tower section, and connecting the steel strand set of another continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus to the second tower section; and S2-3: starting up the mobile crane to hoist the first tower section to a position above the second tower section, coaxially connecting and fixing the first tower section with the second tower section, and connecting the hawser of the last continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus to the first tower section. Preferably, the S2 is executed by using an installation apparatus of the present invention for hoisting, and specifically comprises the following steps: S2-1: transporting the second tower section to an installation position in the lifting frame by the transport frame first, driving one continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus, connecting and tightening the anchors with the hoisting points of the tower section respectively, and then lifting the second tower section over a clear height of one tower section; S2-2: then transporting the third tower section to an installation position in the lifting frame by the transport frame, driving another continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus, connecting and tightening the anchors with the hoisting points of the tower section respectively, slowly lifting the third tower section to a position attached to the second tower section, and connecting and fastening the second tower section with the third tower section; S2-3: then hoisting the first tower section to a position above the second tower section by the crane, connecting and fastening the first tower section with the second tower section in a state that a hook of the crane is not loosened, and then connecting and tightening the hawser of the last continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus with the first tower section; and S2-4: hoisting and adjusting the machine room, the generator and the blades of the fan in an overall vertical and stable state, and locking rotatable or movable components after the installation is completed. Preferably, after the S2 is completed, that is, after the installation of main functional components of the fan is completed, functional debugging is carried out first, and a subsequent tower section is lifted and connected after the debugging is qualified. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects. 1. Good installation economy. The apparatus and method avoid purchasing an expensive large crawler crane, and the required installation devices are all universal devices, leading to good installation economy. Because a higher fan or tower barrel device has a larger weight, the apparatus and method have more advantages in installation of the fan or tower barrel device. 2. Less site occupation and less auxiliary installation work. In a hoisting mode of the large crawler crane, a large site is needed for the installation and hoisting work of the crawler crane, especially for the assembly of crane boom of the large crawler crane, the turning over and unloading of tower section under the cooperation of other cranes, and the like. The apparatus and method can be completed only by an ordinary wheel crane due to small hoisting weights of all components, without needing an assembly site for the crane boom of the large crawler crane, and the plurality of transport frames may store a part of the fan tower sections while installing, which further reduces the requirement on the site and greatly reduces the auxiliary works such as the installation of the large crawler crane and the assembly of the crane boom; and the apparatus and method have great advantages for fan installation in mountainous areas, and greatly reduce the cost investment and site construction period. 3. Adaptation to requirements of complex lifting conditions such as variable-diameter tower section and unbalanced load. Because a diameter of each section of the fan tower barrel is different, the lifting steel strand is connected to the hoisting point in the patent to avoid an influence of a change of the diameter of the tower section, and the change of the diameter will only lead to a slight change in an angle between the steel strand and the hoisting point, and because a surplus lifting capacity of the hydraulic steel strand hoist is large, this problem can be well solved. In order to solve the problem that an upper machine room, a generator, blades and other devices of the fan cannot achieve complete equal moment balance between front and rear portions, which brings a risk of unbalanced load in a lifting process, in the patent, on one hand, the stability and dynamic adjustment ability in the lifting process are enhanced by a multi-anchor-point vertical three-dimensional lifting method with a lift cylinder steel strand, and on the other hand, the overall verticality of the tower section is automatically or manually adjusted at any time by arranging a multi-point hawser hydraulic steel strand set, which effectively overcomes the interference of unbalanced load. 4. Parallel operation of installation and preparation, with high installation efficiency. The apparatus and method can complete the installation and the transport preparation of the tower section synchronously and in parallel, which greatly shortens preparation time, ensures the continuity of installation, and shortens total installation time. 5. Strong ability to resist risks such as bad weather and high safety factor. The hoisting mode of the original super-large crawler crane is difficult to observe because of the operation high above the ground, and the stability is easy to be lost in severe weather conditions such as sudden gale, leading to safety accidents and risks. Compared with the installation mode of the large crawler crane, the apparatus and method have strong risk resistance, can greatly improve the safety, and avoid the problem of slow hook falling and easy overturning of the large crawler crane in hoisting high above the ground in the case of sudden gale, because the hydraulic steel strand has a large lifting capacity and strong rectification and adjustment capabilities, the hydraulic lifting apparatus has good synchronization, which can reach a millimeter level, and all dimensions in the lifting process are all in an adjustable and controlled state. 6. Debugging difficulty reduction and debugging efficiency improvement. The apparatus and method of the patent divide the debugging into preliminary debugging and confirmatory debugging, wherein the preliminary debugging is completed when the fan is at a lower installation height, which facilitates fault handling, and improves the debugging efficiency; and the confirmatory debugging is carried out for final inspection and confirmation after the lifting of the fan is completed and before the fan is put into operation, and then the fan may be put into normal operation, which greatly improves debugging quality and safety and shortens a construction period. 7. Strong device universality. Core devices of the patent, comprising the lifting frame and the lifting centralized-control apparatus, have the advantages of convenient transportation, strong universality and simple maintenance, and can not only be used in fan installation and other tower barrel device installation, but also be used in other engineering fields, thus having a high utilization rate and good economy; and unlike the original installation method, the super-large crawler crane has very poor universality, for example, when used in an occasion of small lifting weight, the super-large crawler crane is often not worth the candle because of difficult installation, dismantlement and transportation. Therefore, the super-large crawler crane has a very low utilization rate, a generally high maintenance cost and poor economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. lisa schematic structural diagram of a transport frame in the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting frame in the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of one installation state of S2 in a method of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another installation state of the S2 in the method of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another installation state of the S2 in the method of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of one installation state of S3 in the method of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another installation state of the S3 in the method of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a connection state of a steel strand set and a tower section in the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting centralized-control apparatus in the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor in the present invention. FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a track clamping device in the present invention. In the above drawings, 10 - track; 20 - track-type transport apparatus; 21 - transport frame; 22 - roller; 23 - supporting cylinder; 24 - supporting shell; 25 - transport frame hydraulic station; 26 - transport frame electric cabinet; 27 - track clamping device; 30 - lifting frame; 31 - supporting column; 32 - installing rod; 33 - fixed pulley; 40 - lifting centralized-control apparatus; 41 - continuous stretching hydraulic hoist; 411 - supporting base; 412 - continuous stretching hydraulic jack; 413 - steel strand set reel; 42 - lifting hydraulic station; 43 - lifting electric cabinet; 44 - hawser; 45 - steel strand set; 50 - anchor; 51 - housing; 52 - anchor seat; 53 - anchor sheet; 54 - locking sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described hereinafter with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be understood that the drawings are only for illustrative purposes, and cannot be understood as limiting the patent. In order to better illustrate the embodiments, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or shrunk, and do not represent sizes of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures in the drawings and the descriptions may be omitted. The positional relationship described in the drawings is only for illustrative purpose, and cannot be understood as limiting the patent. As one embodiment of the present invention, with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an apparatus for vertically lifting and installing a variable-diameter unbalanced-load device is provided. The apparatus comprises: a track 10 and a track-type transport apparatus 20 installed on the track 10; and a lifting frame 30, wherein the lifting frame 30 has a truss structure, and comprises three supporting columns 31 and an installing rod 32 connected at upper portions of the supporting columns 31, and the lifting frame 30 is disposed transversely above the track 10; and further comprises: multiple groups of lifting centralized-control apparatuses 40 installed at different orientations on an outer side of the lifting frame 30, wherein the lifting centralized-control apparatuses 40 are used for stably lifting the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device to an installing position after the track-type transport apparatus 20 transports the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device into the lifting frame 30. Each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus 40 comprises three continuous stretching hydraulic hoists 41, a lifting hydraulic station 42 which provides power for the three continuous stretching hydraulic hoists 41, and a lifting electric cabinet 43 which controls the lifting hydraulic station 42, a plurality of fixed pulleys 33 are arranged on the installing rod 32, and the fixed pulleys 33 are used for steel strand sets of the continuous stretching hydraulic hoists 41 to penetrate through to lift the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device. In this embodiment, upright posts 31 are installed on two sides of the track 10, and a height of the installing rod 32 is greater than a height of the track-type transport apparatus 20; the installing rod is circular, or in other cross-sectional forms such as a square, and the plurality of fixed pulleys 33 are uniformly distributed on the installing rod 32 at equal angles; and the fixed pulleys 33 are preferably in a form of adjustable angle, so as to adapt to an angle change of steel strands. A number of supporting columns of the lifting frame and a structural form of the lifting frame are matched with each other according to overall consideration such as an overall weight of a lifted fan, foundation geology and bearing capacity design of an embedded part, and a capacity of the lifting centralized-control apparatus. In order to ensure the passage of the transport frame, a lower portion of the lifting frame is at least slightly higher than a height of one tower section, and there is no cross brace or diagonal brace that affects the passage of the transport frame in a passage direction of the transport frame. The structure of the lifting frame is preferably connected by a pin shaft and a bolt, which is convenient for installation, dismantlement and reuse. A walkway, a ladder and an operation platform are arranged on the structure of the lifting frame as required to ensure the safety and convenience of operation; and the lifting frame is reliably installed on a solid foundation through an embedded foundation. The lifting frame, the lifting centralized-control apparatus, the track and the base section are preferably arranged jointly and constructed jointly, so as to form an overall stress and simplify the structure. In this embodiment, the track-type transport apparatus 20 comprises a transport frame 21, wherein rollers 22 adapted to the track 10 are installed at a bottom portion of the transport frame 21, a plurality of supporting cylinders 23 for fixing the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device are arranged at a top portion of the transport frame, piston rods of the supporting cylinders 23 are connected with supporting shells 24, a transport frame hydraulic station 25 and a transport frame electric cabinet 26 are arranged on the transport frame 21, and the transport frame hydraulic station 25 is electrically connected with the transport frame electric cabinet 26; and further comprises a track clamping device 27. After being transported to a predetermined position, the track-type transport apparatus is firmly locked with the track 10 by the track clamping device 27 at this time to facilitate hoisting operation, so as to prevent the track-type transport apparatus 20 from being displaced to bring potential safety hazards, and a specific structure of the track clamping device 27 is as shown in FIG. 11. In this embodiment, with reference to FIG. 9, the continuous stretching hydraulic hoist 41 comprises a supporting base 411, a continuous stretching hydraulic jack 412 hinged on the supporting base 411, and a steel strand set reel 413 arranged behind the continuous stretching hydraulic jack 412, the continuous stretching hydraulic jack 412 is connected with the lifting hydraulic station 42, and a motor of the steel strand set reel 413 is connected with the lifting electric cabinet 43; and in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus, one continuous stretching hydraulic hoist is connected with a hawser 44, the other two continuous stretching hydraulic hoists are connected with the steel strand sets 45, and the steel strand set of each continuous stretching hydraulic jack is connected with an anchoring assembly. During implementation, each supporting leg of the lifting frame may be provided with one lifting centralized-control apparatus, or several supporting legs may be jointly provided with one lifting centralized-control apparatus. Whether separate arrangement or joint arrangement of the lifting centralized-control apparatus is adopted, the lifting electric cabinet and the lifting hydraulic station serving as driving control apparatuses of the lifting centralized-control apparatus may both be subjected to separate arrangement or joint arrangement, and even if the separate arrangement is adopted, signal connection should be made through a control line or network, so as to carry out linkage control in a process of lifting or lowering the tower section of the fan. A standardized container or frame structure is preferred to improve universality and facilitate arrangement and transportation. The container or frame may has a one-layer or multi-layer structure, and may be reliably connected with a preset ground anchor point or lifting frame connection point to bear a pulling force in the lifting process of the fan. The lifting centralized-control apparatus may select a steel strand or a steel rope according to a use occasion, the reel is used for receiving the steel strand or the steel rope, the continuous stretching hydraulic jack is used for pulling the steel strand or the steel rope, the steel strand mode is preferred, which is hereinafter referred to as the steel strand for convenience of description, and a supporting hinge or a rotary table is used for adjusting a direction and an angle of the cylinder in cooperation with an angle of the steel strand according to the height of the lifted tower section. In this embodiment, with reference to FIG. 10, the anchoring assembly comprises two groups of anchors 50 sequentially connected to the steel strand set; the anchor 50 comprises a cylindrical housing 51, and further comprises multiple groups of anchor seats 52 annularly and uniformly distributed in the housing, the anchor seats 52 are fixedly connected with the housing 51, and each group of anchor seats 52 is correspondingly provided with an anchor sheet 53 and a locking sheet 54; and a connection mode of the steel strand set 45 and the anchoring assembly is that: after all steel strands penetrate through a front-end anchor, any two adjacent steel strands are respectively locked on different anchors. When the steel strand set is connected with the tower section of the fan, a tail-end anchor is connected with one hoisting point on the tower section first, then a relative distance between the front-end anchor and the tail-end anchor is adjusted to adapt to a distance between the hoisting points on the fan tower barrel, and then the front-end anchor is hinged with the other hoisting point on the fan tower barrel through a bolt. In the lifting process, the front-end anchor may rotate at a certain angle to adapt to stresses under different lifting conditions, so as to achieve the purpose of stability. In this embodiment, a number of hoisting points on the tower frame is also matched with a number of anchors, and each continuous stretching hydraulic jack is provided with a steel strand tension detection apparatus, so as to synchronously detect and compare tensions of the steel strands, and if there is too large deviation from a design value, an alarm is immediately given for detection and troubleshooting. The present invention takes the installation of a wind-driven generator tower barrel as an example, and introduces the installation method of the reset invention. With reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 8, all installation work is completed according to steps of auxiliary work before lifting, lifting and assembly of fan, transportation and placement of new tower section, connection and lifting of new tower section, connection of base section of fan, confirmatory debugging of fan, dismantlement of auxiliary apparatuses, and the like. According to the present invention, in order to facilitate understanding, the tower sections are named from top to bottom according to the fan, that is, the tower section provided with the blades is the first tower section, the downward tower sections are sequentially the second tower section, the third tower section ... In the drawings of the present invention, for the convenience of clear display, the steel strand set is represented by a single straight line, which is actually one steel strand set formed by several steel strands distributed circumferentially. Those skilled in the art should know the arrangement form of the steel strand set used in conjunction with the continuous stretching hydraulic jack. At the same time, the patent displays different steel strand sets in bold in different drawings, so as to facilitate understanding and distinguishing a connection relationship between different steel strand sets and the fan tower sections. The installation is now carried out in steps. In SI of auxiliary work before lifting, there are foundation construction, installation of base section of fan, installation of lifting frame, and installation and debugging of lifting centralized-control apparatus. The foundation construction comprises the fundamental placement construction of the lifting frame, the lifting centralized-control apparatus, the tower section transport frame track and the fan tower section, and joint arrangement and joint construction are preferred, so as to reduce an engineering quantity, improve a stress structure and enhance reliability through a joint stress. The base section of the fan should be installed in place in advance to avoid a difficulty in installation due to large interference in a later stage. The lifting frame and the lifting centralized-control apparatus should be installed and debugged in place in advance to ensure good functions of various apparatuses. In S2 of lifting and assembly of fan, with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, the hoisting points are mounted at equal angles in a circumferential direction of each tower section of the fan tower barrel, the third tower section, the second tower section and the first tower section of the fan tower barrel, and a machine room, a generator and blades of the fan at an upper portion of the first tower section are assembled, and the steel strand set is connected, tightened and stressed in the installation process of each tower section, so that a steel strand set of one continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus is connected with the third tower section, a steel strand set of another continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus is connected with the second tower section, and a hawser 44 of the last continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus is connected with the first tower section, and the lifting centralized-control apparatus is started up to lift the installed device over a height of one tower section, so as to facilitate placement and installation of a new tower section. With reference to FIG. 10, a connection mode of the steel strand set and the tower section is that: after all steel strands penetrate through the front-end anchor, any two adjacent steel strands are respectively locked on different anchors. In S3 of transportation and placement of new tower section, according to a number of groups of transport frames selected, one tower section is hoisted for each transport frame, and the supporting cylinders are started up respectively, so that the supporting shells tightly abut against the tower section, then the tower sections are sequentially transported into the lifting frame according to an assembly sequence, and the next step is executed. According to the number of groups of the tower section transport frames selected, one tower section is hoisted for each tower section transport frame, the tower section should be vertically installed in place on the corresponding transport frame according to a tower section installation sequence, and a circumferential placement angle of the tower section on the transport frame should be reasonable and matched with a circumferential installation angle of the previous tower section, which is convenient for the alignment between two tower sections, and should also be convenient for the connection between each lifting steel strand set and the hoisting point. Before the tower section transport frame is moved, the supporting cylinders of the transport frame should be driven to jointly abut against the tower section to ensure that the tower section is in a stable vertical state, then the transport frame is driven to move along the track to an installation position below the installed tower section, and the track clamping device and the track are reliably locked. The locked state refers to FIG. 11. Multiple sections of tower section transport frames may also be combined in series. In this case, the transport frames are connected through transport frame hinge points, and a set of control system may be shared for overall joint control. The advantage of combined use of the multiple sections of tower section transport frames is that: one-time loading of the multiple sections of tower section transport frames can improve the lifting continuity and efficiency. In S4 of connection and lifting of new tower section, with reference to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the connection between the steel strand sets of the second tower section and the hoisting points of the second tower section is loosened, the steel strand sets are installed on the hoisting points of the tower section on the tower section transport frame, the support of the supporting shells on the tower section is loosened after all the steel strand sets are uniformly stressed, the new tower section is slowly lifted, and a top portion of the new tower section is connected with a bottom portion of the third tower section; then linked control is carried out over the lifting centralized-control apparatus, and after the installed tower section and the device are stably lifted as a whole by a height of one tower section, another transport frame provided with the tower section is moved to a position below the installed tower section, the track clamping device is locked with the track, and the above operations are repeated to completely connect the fan tower barrel. When multiple groups of transport frames are used at the same time, the transport frame provided with the tower section is in a to-be-installed state, and the transport frame completing tower section hoisting in the previous step has also been moved out of the lifting frame, so that the new tower section may be hoisted synchronously. The simultaneous operation can shorten preparation and waiting time, and ensure continuous installation. In the installation process, in the case of bad weather which is not suitable for installation, such as super-standard gale, linked control should be carried out over a hawser cylinder and two groups of lifting rope cylinders immediately to ensure that the whole installed tower section is in a vertical state, and each steel strand set is tightened to ensure the stability of the whole structure. In S5 of connection of base section of fan, when the tower section connected with the base section is connected with other tower section of the fan tower barrel, after the installed fan is lifted as a whole by a height of one tower section, the tower section transport frame is removed out of the lifting frame, then linked control is carried out over the lifting centralized-control apparatus, the installed tower section and the device of the fan are slowly lowered as a whole, subjected to accurate hole alignment and adjustment with flanges of the base section, and connected through bolts and tightened, and the whole fan tower barrel is connected with the base section. After this step is completed, the installation of overall structure of the fan is completed. In S6 of confirmatory debugging of fan, all components and devices of the fan are debugged. In S7 of dismantlement of auxiliary apparatuses, the lifting frame, the lifting centralized-control apparatus and the transport frame are dismantled to complete the installation. The connection between the hawser and the first tower section may be unhooked and dismantled by personnel passing through a manhole to an operating platform outside the tower section with the help of a hoisting device. The patent preferably adopts a control method of combining local sub-control with central master-control. The local sub-control means that sub-systems of the lifting centralized-control apparatus and the tower section transport frame have operation modes of local device operation and on-site wireless remote control. The central master-control refers to a method of collecting signals of the sub-systems of the lifting centralized-control apparatus and the tower section transport frame and signals of several other fan lifting apparatuses to an on-site or remote central control room by a wireless or wired method, and then transmitting the signals through cameras and sensors to realize overall control of the system. The master-control may also be automatic control or manual control according to program settings, which ensures the safety and efficiency of the lifting process. The apparatus and method may also be used for dismantling the fan, and the dismantlement steps are reverse operations of the installation steps. In this embodiment, an automatic verticality measurement apparatus is installed on the tower section of the fan to ensure that a verticality deviation of the whole structure is within a reasonable range in the whole lifting process of the fan, and the verticality may be measured by mechanical, optical instrument and electronic measurement methods. In this embodiment, a wind speed measurement apparatus is installed on the tower section of the fan to measure a wind speed level in the lifting process of the fan, and when the wind speed is excessively high, the lifting operation is suspended in time. The wind speed measurement apparatus may be a self-contained apparatus of the fan or a temporarily installed measurement apparatus provided for the system, and a measurement signal needs to access to a master-control system. The manhole and the operating platform of the tower section are used to facilitate hanging and dismantling the hoisting points of the steel strands. Because a diameter of each section of the fan tower barrel is different, the lifting steel strand is connected to the hoisting point in this embodiment to avoid an influence of a change of the diameter of the tower section, and the change of the diameter will only lead to a slight change in an angle between the steel strand and the hoisting point, and because a surplus lifting capacity of the continuous stretching hydraulic hoist is large in this embodiment, this problem can be well solved. In addition, in order to solve the problem that the upper machine room, the generator, the blades and other devices of the fan cannot achieve complete equal moment balance between the front and rear portions, which brings a risk of unbalanced load in a lifting process, in the patent, on one hand, the stability and dynamic adjustment ability in the lifting process are enhanced by a multi-anchor-point vertical three-dimensional lifting method with the continuous stretching hydraulic jack, and on the other hand, the overall verticality of the tower section is automatically or manually adjusted at any time by arranging a multi-point hawser hydraulic steel strand set, which effectively overcomes the interference of unbalanced load. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step S2 in the above embodiment is executed by using a mobile crane for hoisting, and specifically comprises the following steps: S2-1: starting up the mobile crane to hoist the third tower section to the base section, connecting the steel strand set of one continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus to the third tower section, adjusting the third tower section to be vertical, and tightening the steel strand set to be stressed; S2-2: starting up the mobile crane to hoist the second tower section to a position above the third tower section, coaxially connecting and fixing the second tower section with the third tower section, and connecting the steel strand set of another continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus to the second tower section; and S2-3: starting up the mobile crane to hoist the first tower section to a position above the second tower section, coaxially connecting and fixing the first tower section with the second tower section, and connecting the hawser of the last continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus to the first tower section. The hawser is connected with a hawser hoisting point on the first tower section of the fan through the hoisting point; and a tail end of each group of lifting rope apparatus is respectively connected with the same tower section through at least two vertical anchors, and two groups of lifting centralized-control apparatuses are respectively connected with upper and lower fan tower sections. Correspondingly, the first tower section is provided with a plurality of hawser hoisting points, and other tower sections are provided with multiple groups of hoisting points. The hawser hoisting points and the hoisting points are uniformly distributed at equal angles on a circumference of the tower section, and matched with positions where steel strand tips should be suspended. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the S2 in the above embodiment is executed by using an installation apparatus of the present invention for hoisting, and specifically comprises the following steps: S2-1: transporting the second tower section to an installation position in the lifting frame by the transport frame first, driving one continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus, connecting and tightening the anchors with the hoisting points of the tower section respectively, and then lifting the second tower section over a clear height of one tower section; S2-2: then transporting the third tower section to an installation position in the lifting frame by the transport frame, driving another continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus, connecting and tightening the anchors with the hoisting points of the tower section respectively, slowly lifting the third tower section to a position attached to the second tower section, and connecting and fastening the second tower section with the third tower section; S2-3: then hoisting the first tower section to a position above the second tower section by the crane, connecting and fastening the first tower section with the second tower section in a state that a hook of the crane is not loosened, and then connecting and tightening the hawser of the last continuous stretching hydraulic hoist in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus with the first tower section; and S2-4: hoisting and adjusting the machine room, the generator and the blades of the fan in an overall vertical and stable state, and locking rotatable or movable components after the installation is completed. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the S2 is completed in this embodiment, that is, after the installation of main functional components of the fan is completed, functional debugging is carried out first, and a subsequent tower section is lifted and connected after the debugging is qualified. In the above embodiment, after the S2 is completed, the initial debugging is carried out, with the advantage that the debugging is carried out at a lower installation position, which is convenient for confirming the integrity and reliability of the installed device, and facilitates the maintenance of the faulty device. All main debugging works may be completed at this stage, and only the confirmatory debugging needs to be carried out after the overall installation of the fan is completed, which reduces a workload of overall debugging, avoids debugging high above the ground, and reduces the difficulty and danger of debugging operation. In the description of the present invention, the continuous stretching hydraulic jack 37 is a device cited in the standard DL / T 5400—2007 technical specification for slip-form construction of hydraulic structures, or an existing device disclosed in the Chinese patent application document with the publication number CN100424003C, so that the specific structure of the existing device is not repeated in the description of the patent, and those skilled in the art should know that it will not affect the realization of the patent. Finally, it should be noted that, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skills in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent replacements made on the technical solutions of the present invention without deviating from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention. 31 03 25

Claims

1. An apparatus for vertically lifting and installing a variable-diameter unbalanced-load device, comprising:a track and a track-type transport apparatus installed on the track; anda lifting frame, wherein the lifting frame has a truss structure, and comprises a plurality of supporting columns and an installing rod connected at upper portions of the supporting columns, and the lifting frame is disposed transversely above the track; and further comprising:multiple groups of lifting centralized-control apparatuses installed at different orientations on an outer side of the lifting frame, wherein the lifting centralized-control apparatuses are used for stably lifting the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device to an installing position after the track-type transport apparatus transports the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device into the lifting frame;each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus comprises three continuous stretching hydraulic hoists, a lifting hydraulic station which provides power for the three continuous stretching hydraulic hoists, and a lifting electric cabinet which controls the lifting hydraulic station, a plurality of fixed pulleys are arranged on the installing rod, and the fixed pulleys are used for steel strand sets of the continuous stretching hydraulic hoists to penetrate through to lift the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device;the continuous stretching hydraulic hoist comprises a supporting base, a continuous stretching hydraulic jack hinged on the supporting base, and a steel strand set reel arranged behind the continuous stretching hydraulic jack, the continuous stretching hydraulic jack is connected with the lifting hydraulic station, and a motor of the steel strand set reel is connected with the lifting electric cabinet; and in each group of lifting centralized-control apparatus, one continuous stretching hydraulic hoist is connected with a hawser, the other two continuous stretching hydraulic hoists are connected with the steel strand sets, and the steel strand set of each continuous stretching hydraulic jack is connected with an anchoring assembly.

2. The apparatus for vertically lifting and installing the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device according to claim 1, wherein the track-type transport apparatus31 03 25comprises a transport frame, wherein rollers adapted to the track are installed at a bottom portion of the transport frame, a plurality of supporting cylinders for fixing the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device are arranged at a top portion of the transport frame, piston rods of the supporting cylinders are connected with supporting shells, a transport frame hydraulic station and a transport frame electric cabinet are arranged on the transport frame, and the transport frame hydraulic station is electrically connected with the transport frame electric cabinet; and further comprises a track clamping device.

3. The apparatus for vertically lifting and installing the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting frame comprises three or four upright posts, the upright posts are all installed on two sides of the track, and a height of the installing rod is greater than a height of the track-type transport apparatus; and the installing rod is circular, and the plurality of fixed pulleys are uniformly distributed on the installing rod at equal angles.

4. The apparatus for vertically lifting and installing the variable-diameter unbalanced-load device according to claim 1, wherein the anchoring assembly comprises two groups of anchors sequentially connected to the steel strand set; the anchor comprises a cylindrical housing, and further comprises multiple groups of anchor seats annularly and uniformly distributed in the housing, the anchor seats are fixedly connected with the housing, and each group of anchor seats is correspondingly provided with an anchor sheet and a locking sheet; and a connection mode of the steel strand set and the anchoring assembly is that: after all steel strands penetrate through a front-end anchor, any two adjacent steel strands are respectively locked on different anchors.

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