Cotton / silk composite functional fabric, preparation method, and application

Abstract

Pretreted cotton and silk fibres are loaded with water containing dispersant, graphene and modified bamboo charcoal. These fibres form the core of core-spun yarn with outer layers of cotton and silk.

Description

The present invention belongs to the field of fabric preparation, and specifically relates to a cotton / silk composite functional fabric, a preparation method, and application. BACKGROUND Silk-cotton blend refers to a fabric prepared by blending silk and cotton fibers in a ratio. The blend combines the soft and smooth characteristics of silk with the moisture absorption and air permeability of cotton, providing the fabric with both the luster of silk and the comfort of cotton. Its characteristics are mainly manifested as follows: 1. Comfort: The moisture absorption and air permeability of cotton and the skin affinity of silk provide silk-cotton fabrics with good comfort; 2. Appearance: Silk provides silk-cotton fabrics with soft luster, while cotton provides a natural matte texture; 3. Durability: Cotton fibers compensate for the wear and tear of silk, prolonging the service life of fabrics; and 4. Wrinkle resistance: Cotton fibers compensate for relatively easy wrinkling of pure silk. Existing silk-cotton blended fabrics lack functionality and exhibit insufficiencies in terms of antibacterial property, bacteriostatic property, mildew resistance, surface resistivity, thermal conductivity, etc. Chinese invention patent No. CN106435945B discloses a mercerized cotton and mulberry silk interwoven fabric and a preparation method therefor. The interwoven fabric includes the following ingredients in parts by weight: 98-102 parts of mercerized cotton, 73-77 parts of combed cotton, and 23-27 parts of mulberry silk. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) preparation of mercerized cotton yarns; (2) preparation of combed cotton; (3) blending of combed cotton and mulberry silk; (4) fabric weaving; and (5) fabric treatment. By complementing the advantages and disadvantages of mulberry silk and mercerized cotton, the fabric has the characteristics of good luster, high strength, and soft hand feel. However, the fabric has shortcomings in functionality and is unable to meet the requirements of high-end functional fabrics. Chinese invention patent No. CN107554002A discloses a baby clothing fabric with nano antibacterial fibers and a preparation method therefor. The fabric includes a surface layer and a nano fiber layer. The nano fiber layer is formed by continuously depositing nano fibers containing nano silver powder on a base fabric through electrospinning, so that the clothing fabric has good antibacterial property, can reduce the harm of bacteria and viruses to babies, and is washable and durable; the fabric can prevent the loss of human body heat and has good heat retention; and the fabric has good anti-static property, air permeability, smooth hand feel, high softness, and no irritation to baby skin, making it of great commercial value. However, the nano silver powder endowing the fabric with antibacterial effects has poor performance stability and high cost, and may incur toxicity to cells by releasing silver ions. Therefore, the existing silk-cotton blended fabrics are difficult to apply in the fields of infant clothing, high-end clothing, medical textiles, etc., restricting their development and application. SUMMARY The objective of the present invention is to provide a cotton / silk composite functional fabric, a preparation method, and application. In view of the shortcomings in the prior art, graphene and bamboo charcoal are added to silk fibers and cotton fibers in a loading manner, providing the cotton / silk fabric with surface resistivity, thermal conductivity, antibacterial property, bacteriostatic property, anti-static property, mildew resistance, negative ion release function, etc. Meanwhile, yarns are spun in a core-spun yarn manner, with cotton fibers and silk fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal as a core layer, and cotton fibers and silk fibers not loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal as an outer layer, providing the fabric with the above functionality and basic fabric properties such as comfort, durability, moisture absorption and air permeability of cotton / silk, where the raw materials used are harmless to the human body, and the obtained fabric structure is stable. To solve the above technical problems, the following technical solutions are adopted: A method for preparing a cotton / silk composite functional fabric includes the following steps: (1) pretreating cotton fibers and silk fibers, and preparing graphene and modified bamboo charcoal; (2) dispersing the graphene and the modified bamboo charcoal in water, adding a dispersant to form a dispersion, and loading the dispersion onto surfaces of the cotton fibers and the silk fibers to obtain functional fibers; (3) obtaining yarns in a core-spun yarn manner with the functional fibers as a core layer and the unloaded cotton fibers and silk fibers as an outer layer, (4) weaving the yarns into a fabric; and (5) carrying out desizing, pre-setting, sericin finishing, and antibacterial finishing on the fabric. Preferably, in step (1), pretreating cotton fibers includes: firstly, scutching, carding, combing, and bleaching the cotton fibers, and then carrying out hydrophilic modification to obtain pretreated cotton fibers; and pretreating silk fibers includes: sequentially degumming, bleaching, softening, and drying the silk fibers. Preferably, the hydrophilic modification of cotton fibers includes: padding the cotton fibers in a chitosan finishing solution, and then drying and curing the cotton fibers to obtain finished cotton fibers, where the chitosan finishing solution includes 1-3% of chitosan with a degree of deacetylation greater than or equal to 85% and 5-8% of citric acid. Preferably, in step (2), the loading process includes: dispersing the graphene and modified bamboo charcoal powder in water, adding a dispersant polyvinylpyrrolidone, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30-60 minutes to obtain a graphene / bamboo charcoal dispersion, impregnating the cotton fibers and silk fibers in the graphene / bamboo charcoal dispersion at 30°C-60°C for 45-120 minutes while oscillating, and then drying the cotton fibers and silk fibers at 90°C-105°C to obtain cotton fibers and silk fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal. Preferably, the modification of modified bamboo charcoal powder includes: first oxidizing the bamboo charcoal, then dissolving a silane coupling agent in a mixed solution of ethanol / water, adding the oxidized bamboo charcoal particles to the mixed solution, reacting at 65°C for 4-6 hours, and centrifuging and cleaning to obtain the modified bamboo charcoal powder. Preferably, in step (4), the weaving process includes: a. warping the yarns with a batch warping machine at a speed of 200-300 m / min and a humidity of 60-70%; then sizing the yarns with a sizing agent at a rate of 6-8% and a temperature of 50°C-60°C, where the sizing agent includes 5-8% of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-5% of acrylic ester, and 0 5-1.5% of anti-static agent; and b. twill-weaving the yarns into a fabric with a rapier loom at a speed of 300-400 rpm, where the height of a rear beam of the rapier loom is 10-15% lower than that of the cotton fabric. Preferably, in step (5), the desizing includes: desizing with biological amylase at a temperature of 50°C-60°C and a pH value of 6-7. Preferably, in step (5), the pre-setting includes: pre-setting at 110°C-120°C for 30 seconds and overfeeding 5-8%. Preferably, in step (5), the sericin finishing includes: a. dissolving the used waste silk fibers in a CaC12 / ethanol / water system, purifying by dialysis to obtain a 3-6% (preferably 5%) sericin protein solution, adding glutaraldehyde, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the sericin protein solution for later use; and b. immersing the fabric in the sericin protein solution at room temperature for 30-60 minutes, with a wet pick-up controlled to 70-80%, then pre-curing the fabric at 60°C and curing the fabric at 130°C to obtain a sericin finished fabric. Preferably, in step (5), the antibacterial finishing includes: a. weighing curcumin, dissolving the curcumin in anhydrous ethanol, and adding hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin, where a molar ratio of the curcumin to the hydroxypropyl-P-cyclodextrin is 1:1 to 2:1; carrying out high-speed stirring until the curcumin is completely dissolved to obtain a solution, which is then stood until bubbles disappear; carrying out centrifugal filtration and freeze drying to obtain an antibacterial reagent; and b. dissolving the antibacterial reagent obtained in step a in deionized water to obtain an antibacterial solution, and then immersing the sericin finished fabric in the antibacterial solution, where the mass of the antibacterial reagent accounts for 4-6% of the total mass of the fabric; and after finishing, pre-curing the fabric at 100°C for 3 minutes and curing the fabric at 170°C for 4 minutes to obtain an antibacterial finished fabric. A cotton / silk composite functional fabric prepared by the above method has a surface resistivity less than 290 Q / sq, an antibacterial rate greater than 93% against Escherichia coli, an antibacterial rate greater than 96% against Staphylococcus aureus, an air permeability not less than 230 mm / s, and a softness rating not less than 3.3 scores. Application of the cotton / silk composite functional fabric to clothes, medical textiles, or antibacterial functional clothing. By adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Graphene and bamboo charcoal are added to silk fibers and cotton fibers in a loading manner, providing the cotton / silk fabric with surface resistivity, thermal conductivity, antibacterial property, bacteriostatic property, anti-static property, mildew resistance, negative ion release function, etc. Meanwhile, yarns are spun in a core-spun yarn manner, with cotton fibers and silk fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal as a core layer, and cotton fibers and silk fibers not loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal as an outer layer, providing the fabric with the above functionality and basic fabric properties such as comfort, durability, moisture absorption and air permeability of cotton / silk, and making the fabric applicable to maternal and infant clothing, medical textiles, and antibacterial functional clothing. The raw materials used are harmless to the human body, and the obtained fabric structure is stable. By hydrophilic modification, the moisture absorption and transmissibility of the cotton fibers are enhanced, and the fabric can achieve rapid perspiration and improve wearing comfort. By loading the graphene and the bamboo charcoal onto the cotton and silk fibers, the cotton / silk fabric is endowed with surface resistivity, thermal conductivity, antibacterial property, bacteriostatic property, anti-static property, mildew resistance, negative ion release function, etc. At the same time, surface pre-modification improves the dispersibility and adhesion of the bamboo charcoal and increases the load capacity of the bamboo charcoal. The present invention can improve the luster, softness, wrinkle resistance, skin affinity, antibacterial property, etc. of the fabric through sericin finishing. The cross-linking agent glutaraldehyde added to the sericin protein solution can enhance the stability of sericin. The present invention endows the fabric with long-term slow-release and long-lasting antibacterial effects through antibacterial finishing. Compared with metallic inorganic materials, the prepared antibacterial reagent does not incur the harm of metal enrichment to the human body and environment, has a wide antibacterial range and high efficacy, and maintains good antibacterial effects after multiple water washes. The finished fabric is resistant to washing, sweat stains, soaping, friction, and light without any changes in color fastness, and has good color fastness retention. To further verify the comprehensive performance of the present invention, systematic performance tests were carried out on Examples 1-3, Comparative Example 1 without sericin finishing, and Comparative Example 2 involving a conventional blending method. Evaluation indicators include antibacterial property, surface resistivity, softness, and air permeability. The test results show: Compared to Comparative Example 1, the present invention shows that the antibacterial rate of the fabric against Escherichia coli increases from 91.9% to 96.7%, the antibacterial rate against Staphylococcus aureus increases from 96.1% to 98.9%, the softness is increased by 0.7 score, and according to the AATCC EP5 evaluation criteria, the softness is significantly improved; Compared to Comparative Example 2, the surface resistivity of the fabric decreases from 290 Q / sq to 258 Q / sq, the surface resistivity is significantly enhanced, and the softness is increased from 3.3 scores to 3.7 scores, indicating that the core-spun yarn structure effectively retains the original softness of the cotton / silk fibers; In all examples, the air permeability of the fabric is not less than 230 mm / s, indicating that good air permeability is maintained while functional ingredients are introduced. In summary, the cotton / silk composite functional fabric prepared by the present invention achieves antibacterial and conductive functions, has excellent softness and air permeability, is applicable in the fields of maternal and infant clothing, medical textiles and antibacterial functional clothing that require high comfort and functionality, and has good promotion value and industrial application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will be further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawings: FIG. 1 is a preparation process diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention aims to provide a cotton / silk composite functional fabric, a preparation method, and application. Graphene and bamboo charcoal are added to silk fibers and cotton fibers in a loading manner, providing the cotton / silk fabric with surface resistivity, thermal conductivity, antibacterial property, bacteriostatic property, anti-static property, mildew resistance, negative ion release function, etc. Meanwhile, yarns are spun in a core-spun yarn manner, with cotton fibers and silk fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal as a core layer, and cotton fibers and silk fibers not loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal as an outer layer, providing the fabric with the above functionality and basic fabric properties such as comfort, durability, moisture absorption and air permeability of cotton / silk, and making the fabric applicable to maternal and infant clothing, medical textiles, antibacterial functional clothing, etc. The technical solutions of the present invention will be elaborated below in conjunction with specific examples. Example 1 This example provides a method for preparing a cotton / silk composite functional fabric, including the following steps: fiber pretreatment —* spinning —> weaving —> fabric post-finishing. (1) Fiber pretreatment: Cotton fibers, silk fibers, graphene, and bamboo charcoal were taken. a. Cotton fiber pretreatment: Firstly, cotton was scutched with a plucker to loosen cotton fiber blocks and remove large impurities, and cotton fibers were carded with a carding machine into a single fiber state to remove short fibers and residual impurities, where parameters included: cylinder speed 400 r / min, licker-in speed 1050 r / min, carding sliver ration 5 g / 5 m, and cover plate-carding spacing 0.21 mm; subsequently, the cotton fibers were combed with a combing machine, where parameters included: combing waste noil 20%, small roll ration 55 g / m, and cylinder speed 400 picks / min; after combing, the cotton fibers were bleached with hydrogen peroxide to remove natural pigments. After the above pretreatment, the cotton fibers were hydrophilically modified by padding in a chitosan finishing solution at 40°C for 30 minutes with a wet pick-up controlled to 80%, drying at 80°C for 2 minutes, curing at 160°C for 3 minutes to esterify and cross-link chitosan and cellulose, and soaping in a sodium carbonate solution to remove unreacted substances, where the chitosan finishing solution included 1-3% of chitosan with a degree of deacetylation greater than or equal to 85% and 5-8% of citric acid. By hydrophilic modification, the moisture absorption and transmissibility of the cotton fibers can be enhanced, and the fabric can achieve rapid perspiration and improve wearing comfort. b. Silk fiber pretreatment: Firstly, silk fibers were put into an alkaline protease solution with a pH value of 8, degummed at 60°C for 100 minutes, and then thermally treated at 80°C for 10 minutes to kill enzymes. Subsequently, a hydrogen peroxide and a stabilizer sodium silicate were mixed to prepare a bleaching solution with a pH value of 8, and the silk fibers were bleached with the bleaching solution at 80°C for 60 minutes. After bleaching, the silk fibers were impregnated in a silicone oil lotion for softening treatment and then dried to obtain pretreated silk fibers. (2) Spinning: 50 parts of pretreated cotton fibers, 20 parts of pretreated silk fibers, 12 parts of reducer graphene oxide, and 18 parts of modified bamboo charcoal powder were taken. The reducer graphene oxide and the modified bamboo charcoal powder were dispersed in water, a dispersant polyvinylpyrrolidone was added to the dispersion, and the dispersion was subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 30-60 minutes until dispersed uniformly to obtain a graphene / bamboo charcoal dispersion, where the added dispersant polyvinylpyrrolidone can prevent agglomeration. The pretreated cotton fibers and silk fibers were impregnated in the graphene / bamboo charcoal dispersion at 50°C for 100 minutes while oscillating, and then dried at 100°C to remove the solvent and obtain functional cotton and silk fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal. By loading the graphene and the bamboo charcoal onto the cotton and silk fibers, the cotton / silk fabric is endowed with surface resistivity, thermal conductivity, antibacterial property, bacteriostatic property, anti-static property, mildew resistance, negative ion release function, etc., and the process is simple and easy to operate. At the same time, surface pre-modification improves the dispersibility and adhesion of the bamboo charcoal and increases the load capacity of the bamboo charcoal. A modification process for the modified bamboo charcoal powder included: Bamboo charcoal particles were immersed in concentrated nitric acid and heated to 70°C for 3 hours of reaction, followed by centrifuging and cleaning to neutrality after oxidation reaction, and drying. A silane coupling agent KH-550 was dissolved in a mixed solution of ethanol / water, the oxidized bamboo charcoal particles were added to the solution, a reaction occurred at 65°C for 5 hours, and the modified bamboo charcoal powder was obtained after centrifuging and cleaning. The other end of the silane coupling agent can react with fibers or a polymer adhesive to enhance the adhesion of the bamboo charcoal. Cotton fibers and silk fibers not loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal were used as an outer layer, and the functional fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal were used as a core layer. The core layer was unwound from a spool and fed at a controlled speed through a tension device to ensure stability at a center position of yarns; the sheath fibers were pre-spun into slivers through blowing, carding, and drawing, and stretched into rovings by a roving frame; and the core layer was directly fed into a front roller nip of a spinning frame and twisted with strands of the stretched outer-layer rovings that wrap the core layer to form a wrapping structure, which was then wound and set to obtain core-spun yarns. The core-spun yarns were used for spinning, the functional fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal were used as the core layer, and the cotton fibers and silk fibers not loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal were used as the outer layer, endowing the fabric with surface resistivity, thermal conductivity, antibacterial property, bacteriostatic property, anti-static property, mildew resistance, negative ion release function, etc. of the core layer, and with basic fabric properties such as comfort, durability, moisture absorption and air permeability of cotton / silko (3) Weaving: The yarns obtained in step (2) were woven into a fabric, including: 1) The yarns were warped with a batch warping machine at a speed of 250 m / min and a humidity of 65%, and then sized with a sizing agent at a rate of 7% and a temperature of 60°C, where the sizing agent included 7% of polyvinyl alcohol, 3% of acrylic ester, and 1% of anti-static agent; 2) The yams were twill-woven into a fabric with a rapier loom at a speed of 330 rpm, where the height of a rear beam of the rapier loom was 12% lower than that of the cotton fabric. (4) Fabric post-finishing: After the fabric was desized and pre-set, the fabric was subjected to sericin finishing, followed by antibacterial finishing, including: 1) Desizing: Biological amylase was used for desizing at a temperature of 60°C and a pH value of 7. 2) Pre-setting: Pre-setting at 110°C for 30 seconds, and overfeeding by 6%. 3) Sericin finishing: a. The used waste silk fibers were dissolved in a CaC12 / ethanol / water system and purified by dialysis to obtain a 5% sericin protein solution, glutaraldehyde was added to the solution, and the solution was dispersed by ultrasound for later use, where the glutaraldehyde, as a cross-linking agent, can enhance the stability of sericin. b. The fabric was immersed in the sericin protein solution at room temperature for 40 minutes, with a wet pick-up controlled to 75%. Then, the fabric was pre-cured at 60°C and cured at 130°C to obtain a sericin finished fabric. The sericin finishing can improve the luster, softness, wrinkle resistance, skin affinity, antibacterial property, etc. of the fabric and further provide the fabric with functionality. The cross-linking agent glutaraldehyde added to the sericin protein solution can enhance the stability of sericin and improve the effect of sericin finishing. 4) Antibacterial finishing: a. Curcumin was weighed and dissolved in anhydrous ethanol, and hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin was added, where a molar ratio of the curcumin to the hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin was 2:1; high-speed stirring was carried out until the curcumin was completely dissolved to obtain a solution, which was then stood until bubbles disappeared; and centrifugal filtration and freeze drying were carried out to obtain an antibacterial reagent; b. The antibacterial reagent obtained in step a was dissolved in deionized water to obtain an antibacterial solution, and then the sericin finished fabric was immersed in the antibacterial solution, where the mass of the antibacterial reagent accounted for 4% of the total mass of the fabric; and after finishing, the fabric was pre-cured at 100°C for 3 minutes and cured at 170°C for 4 minutes to obtain an antibacterial finished fabric. Example 2 (1) Fiber pretreatment: Cotton fibers, silk fibers, graphene, and bamboo charcoal were taken. a. Cotton fiber pretreatment: Firstly, cotton was scutched with a plucker to loosen cotton fiber blocks and remove large impurities, and cotton fibers were carded with a carding machine into a single fiber state to remove short fibers and residual impurities, where parameters included: cylinder speed 400 r / min, licker-in speed 1050 r / min, carding sliver ration 5 g / 5 m, and cover plate-carding spacing 0.21 mm; subsequently, the cotton fibers were combed with a combing machine, where parameters included: combing waste noil 20%, small roll ration 55 g / m, and cylinder speed 400 picks / min; after combing, the cotton fibers were bleached with hydrogen peroxide to remove natural pigments. After the above pretreatment, the cotton fibers were hydrophilically modified by padding in a chitosan finishing solution at 40°C for 30 minutes with a wet pick-up controlled to 80%, drying at 80°C for 2 minutes, curing at 160°C for 3 minutes to esterify and cross-link chitosan and cellulose, and soaping in a sodium carbonate solution to remove unreacted substances, where the chitosan finishing solution included 1-3% of chitosan with a degree of deacetylation greater than or equal to 85% and 5-8% of citric acid. By hydrophilic modification, the moisture absorption and transmissibility of the cotton fibers can be enhanced, and the fabric can achieve rapid perspiration and improve wearing comfort. b. Silk fiber pretreatment: Firstly, silk fibers were put into an alkaline protease solution with a pH value of 8, degummed at 60°C for 100 minutes, and then thermally treated at 80°C for 10 minutes to kill enzymes. Subsequently, a hydrogen peroxide and a stabilizer sodium silicate were mixed to prepare a bleaching solution with a pH value of 8, and the silk fibers were bleached with the bleaching solution at 80°C for 60 minutes. After bleaching, the silk fibers were impregnated in a silicone oil lotion for softening treatment and then dried to obtain pretreated silk fibers. (2) Spinning: 50 parts of pretreated cotton fibers, 20 parts of pretreated silk fibers, 12 parts of reducer graphene oxide, and 18 parts of modified bamboo charcoal powder were taken. The reducer graphene oxide and the modified bamboo charcoal powder were dispersed in water, a dispersant polyvinylpyrrolidone was added to the dispersion, and the dispersion was subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 30-60 minutes until dispersed uniformly to obtain a graphene / bamboo charcoal dispersion, where the added dispersant polyvinylpyrrolidone can prevent agglomeration. The pretreated cotton fibers and silk fibers were impregnated in the graphene / bamboo charcoal dispersion at 50°C for 100 minutes while oscillating, and then dried at 100°C to remove the solvent and obtain functional cotton and silk fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal. By loading the graphene and the bamboo charcoal onto the cotton and silk fibers, the cotton / silk fabric is endowed with surface resistivity, thermal conductivity, antibacterial property, bacteriostatic property, anti-static property, mildew resistance, negative ion release function, etc., and the process is simple and easy to operate. At the same time, surface pre-modification improves the dispersibility and adhesion of the bamboo charcoal and increases the load capacity of the bamboo charcoal. A modification process for the modified bamboo charcoal powder included: Bamboo charcoal particles were immersed in concentrated nitric acid and heated to 70°C for 3 hours of reaction, followed by centrifuging and cleaning to neutrality after oxidation reaction, and drying. A silane coupling agent KH-550 was dissolved in a mixed solution of ethanol / water, the oxidized bamboo charcoal particles were added to the solution, a reaction occurred at 65°C for 5 hours, and the modified bamboo charcoal powder was obtained after centrifuging and cleaning. The other end of the silane coupling agent can react with fibers or a polymer adhesive to significantly enhance the adhesion of the bamboo charcoal. Cotton / silk (cotton or silk) fibers not loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal were used as an outer layer, and the functional fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal were used as a core layer. The core layer was unwound from a spool and fed at a controlled speed through a tension device to ensure stability at a center position of yarns; the sheath fibers were pre-spun into slivers through blowing, carding, and drawing, and stretched into rovings by a roving frame; and the core layer was directly fed into a front roller nip of a spinning frame and twisted with strands of the stretched outer-layer rovings that wrap the core layer to form a wrapping structure, which was then wound and set to obtain core-spun yarns. The core-spun yarns were used for spinning, the functional fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal were used as the core layer, and the cotton fibers and silk fibers not loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal were used as the outer layer, endowing the fabric with surface resistivity, thermal conductivity, antibacterial property, bacteriostatic property, anti-static property, mildew resistance, negative ion release function, etc. of the core layer, and with basic fabric properties such as comfort, durability, moisture absorption and air permeability of cotton / silk. (3) Weaving: The yarns obtained in step (2) were woven into a fabric, including: 1) The yarns were warped with a batch warping machine at a speed of 250 m / min and a humidity of 65%, and then sized with a sizing agent at a rate of 7% and a temperature of 60°C, where the sizing agent included 7% of polyvinyl alcohol, 3% of acrylic ester, and 1% of anti-static agent; 2) The yams were twill-woven into a fabric with a rapier loom at a speed of 330 rpm, where a rear beam of the rapier loom was 12% lower than the cotton fabric. (4) Fabric post-finishing: After the fabric was desized and pre-set, the fabric was subjected to sericin finishing, followed by antibacterial finishing, including: 1) Desizing: Biological amylase was used for desizing at a temperature of 60°C and a pH value of 7. 2) Pre-setting: Pre-setting at 110°C for 30 seconds, and overfeeding by 6%. 3) Sericin finishing: a. The used waste silk fibers were dissolved in a CaC12 / ethanol / water system and purified by dialysis to obtain a 5% sericin protein solution, glutaraldehyde was added to the solution, and the solution was dispersed by ultrasound for later use, where the glutaraldehyde, as a cross-linking agent, can enhance the stability of sericin. b. The fabric was immersed in the sericin protein solution at room temperature for 40 minutes, with a wet pick-up controlled to 75%. Then, the fabric was pre-cured at 60°C and cured at 130°C to obtain a sericin finished fabric. The sericin finishing can improve the luster, softness, wrinkle resistance, skin affinity, antibacterial property, etc. of the fabric and further provide the fabric with functionality. The cross-linking agent glutaraldehyde added to the sericin protein solution can enhance the stability of sericin. 4) Antibacterial finishing: a. Curcumin was weighed and dissolved in anhydrous ethanol, and hydroxypropyl-P-cyclodextrin was added, where a molar ratio of the curcumin to the hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin was 2:1; high-speed stirring was carried out until the curcumin was completely dissolved to obtain a solution, which was then stood until bubbles disappeared; and centrifugal filtration and freeze drying were carried out to obtain an antibacterial reagent; b. The antibacterial reagent obtained in step a was dissolved in deionized water to obtain an antibacterial solution, and then the sericin finished fabric was immersed in the antibacterial solution, where the mass of the antibacterial reagent accounted for 5% of the total mass of the fabric; and after finishing, the fabric was pre-cured at 100°C for 3 minutes and cured at 170°Cfor 4 minutes to obtain an antibacterial finished fabric. Different from Example 1, the mass of the antibacterial reagent accounted for 5% of the total mass of the fabric in this example during antibacterial finishing. Example 3 (1) Fiber pretreatment: a. Cotton fiber pretreatment: Firstly, cotton was scutched with a plucker to loosen cotton fiber blocks and remove large impurities, and cotton fibers were carded with a carding machine into a single fiber state to remove short fibers and residual impurities, where parameters included: cylinder speed 400 r / min, licker-in speed 1050 r / min, carding sliver ration 5 g / 5 m, and cover plate-carding spacing 0.21 mm; subsequently, the cotton fibers were combed with a combing machine, where parameters included: combing waste noil 20%, small roll ration 55 g / m, and cylinder speed 400 picks / min; after combing, the cotton fibers were bleached with hydrogen peroxide to remove natural pigments. After the above pretreatment, the cotton fibers were hydrophilically modified by padding in a chitosan finishing solution at 40°C for 30 minutes with a pick-up controlled to 80%, drying at 80°C for 2 minutes, curing at 160°C for 3 minutes to esterify and cross-link chitosan and cellulose, and soaping in a sodium carbonate solution to remove unreacted substances, where the chitosan finishing solution included 1-3% of chitosan with a degree of deacetylation greater than or equal to 85% and 5-8% of citric acid. By hydrophilic modification, the moisture absorption and transmissibility of the cotton fibers can be enhanced, and the fabric can achieve rapid perspiration and improve wearing comfort. b. Silk fiber pretreatment: Firstly, silk fibers were put into an alkaline protease solution with a pH value of 8, degummed at 60°C for 100 minutes, and then thermally treated at 80°C for 10 minutes to kill enzymes. Subsequently, a hydrogen peroxide and a stabilizer sodium silicate were mixed to prepare a bleaching solution with a pH value of 8, and the silk fibers were bleached with the bleaching solution at 80°C for 60 minutes. After bleaching, the silk fibers were impregnated in a silicone oil lotion for softening treatment and then dried to obtain pretreated silk fibers. (2) Spinning: 50 parts of pretreated cotton fibers, 20 parts of pretreated silk fibers, 12 parts of reducer graphene oxide, and 18 parts of modified bamboo charcoal powder were taken. The reducer graphene oxide and the modified bamboo charcoal powder were dispersed in water, a dispersant polyvinylpyrrolidone was added to the dispersion, and the dispersion was subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 30-60 minutes until dispersed uniformly to obtain a graphene / bamboo charcoal dispersion, where the added dispersant polyvinylpyrrolidone can prevent agglomeration. The pretreated cotton fibers and silk fibers were impregnated in the graphene / bamboo charcoal dispersion at 50°C for 100 minutes while oscillating, and then dried at 100°C to remove the solvent and obtain functional cotton and silk fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal. By loading the graphene and the bamboo charcoal onto the cotton and silk fibers, the cotton / silk fabric is endowed with surface resistivity, thermal conductivity, antibacterial property, bacteriostatic property, anti-static property, mildew resistance, negative ion release function, etc., and the process is simple and easy to operate. At the same time, surface pre-modification improves the dispersibility and adhesion of the bamboo charcoal and increases the load capacity of the bamboo charcoal. A modification process for the modified bamboo charcoal powder included: Bamboo charcoal particles were immersed in concentrated nitric acid and heated to 70°C for 3 hours of reaction, followed by centrifuging and cleaning to neutrality after oxidation reaction, and drying. A silane coupling agent KH-550 was dissolved in a mixed solution of ethanol / water, the oxidized bamboo charcoal particles were added to the solution, a reaction occurred at 65°C for 5 hours, and the modified bamboo charcoal powder was obtained after centrifuging and cleaning. The other end of the silane coupling agent can react with fibers or a polymer adhesive to significantly enhance the adhesion of the bamboo charcoal. Cotton / silk (cotton or silk) fibers not loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal were used as an outer layer, and the functional fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal were used as a core layer. The core layer was unwound from a spool and fed at a controlled speed through a tension device to ensure stability at a center position of yarns; the sheath fibers were pre-spun into slivers through blowing, carding, and drawing, and stretched into rovings by a roving frame; and the core layer was directly fed into a front roller nip of a spinning frame and twisted with strands of the stretched outer-layer rovings that wrap the core layer to form a wrapping structure, which was then wound and set to obtain core-spun yarns. The core-spun yarns were used for spinning, the functional fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal were used as the core layer, and the cotton fibers and silk fibers not loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal were used as the outer layer, endowing the fabric with surface resistivity, thermal conductivity, antibacterial property, bacteriostatic property, anti-static property, mildew resistance, negative ion release function, etc. of the core layer, and with basic fabric properties such as comfort, durability, moisture absorption and air permeability of cotton / silk. (3) Weaving: The yarns obtained in step (2) were woven into a fabric, including: 1) The yarns were warped with a batch warping machine at a speed of 250 m / min and a humidity of 65%, and then sized with a sizing agent at a rate of 7% and a temperature of 60°C, where the sizing agent included 7% of polyvinyl alcohol, 3% of acrylic ester, and 1% of anti-static agent; 2) The yams were twill-woven into a fabric with a rapier loom at a speed of 330 rpm, where the height of a rear beam of the rapier loom was 12% lower than that of the cotton fabric. (4) Fabric post-finishing: After the fabric was desized and pre-set, the fabric was subjected to sericin finishing, followed by antibacterial finishing, including: 1) Desizing: Biological amylase was used for desizing at a temperature of 60°C and a pH value of 7. 2) Pre-setting: Pre-setting at 110°C for 30 seconds, and overfeeding by 6%. 3) Sericin finishing: a. The used waste silk fibers were dissolved in a CaC12 / ethanol / water system and purified by dialysis to obtain a 5% sericin protein solution, glutaraldehyde was added to the solution, and the solution was dispersed by ultrasound for later use, where the glutaraldehyde, as a cross-linking agent, can enhance the stability of sericin. b. The fabric was immersed in the sericin protein solution at room temperature for 40 minutes, with a wet pick-up controlled to 75%. Then, the fabric was pre-cured at 60°C and cured at 130°C to obtain a sericin finished fabric. The sericin finishing can improve the luster, softness, wrinkle resistance, skin affinity, antibacterial property, etc. of the fabric and further provide the fabric with functionality. The cross-linking agent glutaraldehyde added to the sericin protein solution can enhance the stability of sericin and improve the effect of sericin finishing. 4) Antibacterial finishing: a. Curcumin was weighed and dissolved in anhydrous ethanol, and hydroxypropyl-P-cyclodextrin was added, where a molar ratio of the curcumin to the hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin was 2:1; high-speed stirring was carried out until the curcumin was completely dissolved to obtain a solution, which was then stood until bubbles disappeared; and centrifugal filtration and freeze drying were carried out to obtain an antibacterial reagent; b. The antibacterial reagent obtained in step a was dissolved in deionized water to obtain an antibacterial solution, and then the sericin finished fabric was immersed in the antibacterial solution, where the mass of the antibacterial reagent accounted for 6% of the total mass of the fabric; and after finishing, the fabric was pre-cured at 100°C for 3 minutes and cured at 170°Cfor 4 minutes to obtain an antibacterial finished fabric. Different from Example 1, the mass of the antibacterial reagent accounted for 6% of the total mass of the fabric in this example during antibacterial finishing. Comparative Example 1 Different from Example 1, the fabric was not subjected to sericin finishing in this example. Comparative Example 2 This example differs from Example 1 in that conventional blending was used instead of core-spun yams. Specifically, step (2) spinning: 50 parts of pre-treated cotton fibers, 30 parts of pre-treated silk fibers, 8 parts of graphene fibers, and 12 parts of bamboo charcoal powder fibers were taken, and composite yarns were obtained after opening picking, combing, drawing, spinning (ring spinning), and spooling. The fabrics prepared from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were characterized as follows: (1) Antibacterial rate testing and evaluation methods followed IOS 20743, and tested strains were Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus; (2) Surface resistivity testing and evaluation methods followed ISO 3915; (3) Softness testing and evaluation methods followed AATCC EP5; (4) Air permeability testing and evaluation methods followed ISO 9237. Characterization results are shown in the following table: Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Percentage of antibacterial reagent 4% 5% 6% 4% 4% Core-spun yam structure (Yes / No) Yes Yes Yes Yes No Sericin finishing Yes Yes Yes No Yes Antibacterial rate (Escherichia coli) 93.2% 94.5% 96.7% 91.9% 94.2% Antibacterial rate (Staphylococcus aureus) 96.8% 97.6% 98.9% 96.1% 97.2% Surface resistivity 258 Q / sq 288 Q / sq 269 Q / sq 285 Q / sq 290 Q / sq Softness 3.7 scores 3.6 scores 3.5 scores 3.0 scores 3.3 scores Air permeability 230 mm / s 232 mm / s 234 mm / s 236 mm / s 228 mm / s From the characterization results, it can be seen that: a. The present invention can improve the luster, softness, wrinkle resistance, skin affinity, antibacterial property, etc. of the fabric through sericin finishing. The examples differ from Comparative Example 1 in that the antibacterial property and softness of the fabric not subjected to sericin finishing in Comparative Example 1 are significantly inferior to those of the fabrics prepared in the examples, indicating that the sericin finishing can improve the antibacterial property and softness of fabrics. b. The present invention uses a core-spun yarn manner for spinning to provide the fabric with the aforementioned functionality and basic fabric properties of cotton / silk, such as comfort, durability, moisture absorption, and air permeability; the examples differ from Comparative Example 2 in the spinning method, and the softness of the fabric not spun from core-spun yarns in Comparative Example 2 is inferior to those of the fabrics prepared in the examples, indicating that the spinning of core-spun yarns reserves the basic fabric properties of cotton and silk, where the softness is one indicator of the basic fabric properties; the loaded graphene and modified bamboo charcoal increase the rigidity of cotton fibers and silk fibers and reduce their softness, thereby decreasing the softness of the fabric; and in the present invention, the cotton fibers and silk fibers loaded with graphene and modified bamboo charcoal were wrapped inside the core-spun yams to reduce the impact of softness on the fabric. c. Examples 1 / 2 / 3 show a trend of changes in antibacterial rate and softness, indicating that the present invention has good performance regulation ability and can flexibly balance antibacterial strength and fabric comfort according to the application. d. The examples achieve better comprehensive performance than the control groups (high antibacterial rate, low surface resistivity, better softness and air permeability), showing that the present invention has outstanding technical advantages and practical application prospects in the field of functional textiles. The present invention provides the fabric with functionality and basic fabric properties of cotton / silk, and is applicable to maternal and infant clothing, medical textiles, and antibacterial functional clothing. The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions, or modifications made based on the present invention to solve substantially the same technical problems and achieve substantially the same technical effects fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A method for preparing a cotton / silk composite functional fabric, comprising the following steps:(1) pretreating cotton fibers and silk fibers, and preparing graphene and modified bamboo charcoal;(2) dispersing the graphene and the modified bamboo charcoal in water, adding a dispersant to form a dispersion, and loading the dispersion onto surfaces of the cotton fibers and the silk fibers to obtain functional fibers;(3) obtaining yams in a core-spun yarn manner with the functional fibers as a core layer and the unloaded cotton fibers and silk fibers as an outer layer;(4) weaving the yarns into a fabric; and(5) carrying out desizing, pre-setting, sericin finishing, and antibacterial finishing on the fabric.

2. The method for preparing the cotton / silk composite functional fabric according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), pretreating cotton fibers comprises: firstly, scutching, carding, combing, and bleaching the cotton fibers, and then carrying out hydrophilic modification to obtain pretreated cotton fibers; and pretreating silk fibers comprises: sequentially degumming, bleaching, softening, and drying the silk fibers.

3. The method for preparing the cotton / silk composite functional fabric according to claim 2, wherein the hydrophilic modification of cotton fibers comprises: padding the cotton fibers in a chitosan finishing solution, and then drying and curing the cotton fibers to obtain finished cotton fibers, wherein the chitosan finishing solution comprises 1-3% of chitosan with a degree of deacetylation greater than or equal to 85% and 5-8% of citric acid.

4. The method for preparing the cotton / silk composite functional fabric according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the loading process comprises: dispersing the graphene and modified bamboo charcoal powder in water, adding a dispersant polyvinylpyrrolidone, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30-60 minutes to obtain a graphene / bamboo charcoal dispersion, impregnating the cotton fibers and silk fibers in the graphene / bamboo charcoal dispersion at 30°C-60°C for 45-120 minutes while oscillating, and then drying the cotton fibers and silk fibers at 90°C-105°C to obtain cotton fibers and silk fibers loaded with graphene and bamboo charcoal.

5. The method for preparing the cotton / silk composite functional fabric according to claim 4, wherein the modification of modified bamboo charcoal powder comprises: first oxidizing the bamboo charcoal, then dissolving a silane coupling agent in a mixed solution of ethanol / water, adding the oxidized bamboo charcoal particles to the mixed solution, reacting at 65°C for 4-6 hours, and centrifuging and cleaning to obtain the modified bamboo charcoal powder.

6. The method for preparing the cotton / silk composite functional fabric according to claim 1, wherein in step (4), the weaving process comprises: a. warping the yarns with a batch warping machine at a speed of 200-300 m / min and a humidity of 60-70%; then sizing the yarns with a sizing agent at a rate of 6-8% and a temperature of 50°C-60°C, wherein the sizing agent comprises 5-8% of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-5% of acrylic ester, and 0.5-1.5% of anti-static agent; and b. twill-weaving the yams into a fabric with a rapier loom at a speed of 300-400 rpm, wherein the height of a rear beam of the rapier loom is 10-15% lower than that of the cotton fabric.

7. The method for preparing the cotton / silk composite functional fabric according to claim 1, wherein in step (5), the desizing comprises: desizing with biological amylase at a temperature of 50°C-60°C and a pH value of 6-7.

8. The method for preparing the cotton / silk composite functional fabric according to claim 1, wherein in step (5), the pre-setting comprises: pre-setting at 110°C-120°C for 30 seconds and overfeeding 5-8%.

9. The method for preparing the cotton / silk composite functional fabric according to claim 1, wherein in step (5), the sericin finishing comprises:a. dissolving the used waste silk fibers in a CaCh / ethanol / water system, purifying by dialysis to obtain a 3-6% sericin protein solution, adding glutaraldehyde, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the sericin protein solution for later use; andb. immersing the fabric in the sericin protein solution at room temperature for 30-60 minutes, with a wet pick-up controlled to 70-80%, then pre-curing the fabric at 60°C and curing the fabric at 130°C to obtain a sericin finished fabric.

10. The method for preparing the cotton / silk composite functional fabric according to claim 9, wherein in step (5), the antibacterial finishing comprises:a. weighing curcumin, dissolving the curcumin in anhydrous ethanol, and adding hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin, wherein a molar ratio of the curcumin to the hydroxypropyl-P-cyclodextrin is 1:1 to 2:1; carrying out high-speed stirring until the curcumin is completely dissolved to obtain a solution, which is then stood until bubbles disappear; carrying out centrifugal filtration and freeze drying to obtain an antibacterial reagent; andb. dissolving the antibacterial reagent obtained in step a in deionized water to obtain an antibacterial solution, and then immersing the sericin finished fabric in the antibacterial solution, wherein the mass of the antibacterial reagent accounts for 4-6% of the total mass of the fabric; and after finishing, pre-curing the fabric at 100°C for 3 minutes and curing the fabric at 170°C for 4 minutes to obtain an antibacterial finished fabric.

11. A cotton / silk composite functional fabric prepared by the method according to any one ofclaims 1 to 10.

12. The cotton / silk composite functional fabric according to claim 11, wherein the fabric has a surface resistivity less than 290 Q / sq, an antibacterial rate greater than 93% against Escherichia coli, and an antibacterial rate greater than 96% against Staphylococcus aureus.

13. The cotton / silk composite functional fabric according to claim 11, wherein the fabric has an air permeability not less than 230 mm / s and a softness rating not less than 3.3 scores.

14. Application of the cotton / silk composite functional fabric, wherein the fabric prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is applied to clothes, medical textiles, or antibacterial functional clothing.

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