Adaptable sanitizing systems and methods

Abstract

To provide: systems and methods for adapting a UV light sanitizing system; and UV light sanitizing systems and methods that can be used for various different applications.SOLUTION: An adaptable sanitizing system (100) includes a sanitizing head (102) including an ultraviolet (UV) lamp (108) configured to emit UV light. One or more adapter modules (104) are configured to removably couple to the sanitizing head at a coupling interface (106). The one or more adapter modules are configured to provide a function relating to the UV light emitted by the UV lamp. The adapter module includes a shroud that is configured to removably couple to the sanitizing head at the coupling interface, and an optical filter coupled to the shroud. The optical filter is configured to filter the UV light emitted by the UV lamp.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to an adaptable sterilization system for use in vehicles such as civilian aircraft to sterilize structures and areas.

Background Art

[0002] Vehicles such as civilian aircraft are used to transport passengers from place to place. Currently, systems for disinfecting or sterilizing surfaces within an aircraft have been developed, for example, there is a sterilization system using ultraviolet (UV) light. As a technique for sterilizing the surface of a structure with UV light, a method of irradiating the structure with broad-spectrum UVC light is known.

[0003] Known UV sterilization systems are generally configured for a specific application. For example, one UV sterilization system is configured to irradiate UV light of a specific wavelength to sterilize a surface.

[0004] However, depending on the situation, UV light in another wavelength range may be desirable. In such cases, it is common to use another UV lamp that irradiates UV light of the desired wavelength.

Summary of the Invention

[0005] There is a need for systems and methods for adapting UV light sterilization systems. In addition, there is a need for UV light sterilization systems and methods that can be used for various different applications.

[0006] With these requirements in mind, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an adaptive sterilization system, the system including a sterilization head having a UV lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light. One or more adapter modules are configured to be detachably connected to the sterilization head at a coupling interface. The one or more adapter modules are configured to provide functions related to the UV light emitted by the UV lamp. For example, the functions include one of the following: light filtering, light wavelength conversion, fluid sterilization, or object sterilization.

[0007] In at least one embodiment, the one or more adapter modules include a first adapter module configured to perform a first specific function and a second adapter module configured to perform a second specific function different from the first specific function. The first and second adapter modules are interchangeable in relation to the sterilization head. In one embodiment, the first specific function includes one of optical filtering, optical wavelength conversion, fluid sterilization, or object sterilization, and the second specific function includes another one of optical filtering, optical wavelength conversion, fluid sterilization, or object sterilization.

[0008] In at least one embodiment, the coupling interface is common to both the first adapter module and the second adapter module.

[0009] In at least one embodiment, the sterilization head is included in a wand assembly. The wand assembly is connectable to a backpack assembly. In other embodiments, the wand assembly is connectable to a case assembly.

[0010] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide an adaptable sterilization method comprising detachably connecting one or more adapter modules to a sterilization head at a coupling interface. The sterilization head includes a UV lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light, and the one or more adapter modules are configured to provide functions related to the UV light emitted by the UV lamp.

[0011] A particular embodiment of the present disclosure provides an adapter module configured to be detachably connected to a sterilization head having a UV lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light. The adapter module includes a shroud or frame configured to be detachably connected to the sterilization head at a coupling interface, and a light filter connected to the shroud or frame. The light filter is configured to filter the UV light emitted by the UV lamp. The adapter module is separate from the sterilization head.

[0012] In one embodiment, the optical filter is a 230-nanometer low-pass filter. In at least one embodiment, the optical filter includes a panel fixed to the shroud or frame. In one embodiment, the shroud or frame and the optical filter are made of the same optical filtering material.

[0013] In at least one embodiment, the optical filter is made of silicon. The optical filter is configured to filter a predetermined wavelength of UV light by either having a metal coating, or by etching it into a predetermined pattern, or both.

[0014] In at least one embodiment, the coupling interface is common to the adapter module and to another adapter module different from the said adapter module.

[0015] Certain embodiments of this disclosure provide a method comprising connecting a light filter to a shroud or frame. The light filter is configured to filter UV light emitted by an ultraviolet (UV) lamp. The connection provides an adapter module configured to be detachably connected at a coupling interface to a germicidal head having the UV lamp.

[0016] A particular embodiment of this disclosure provides an adaptive sterilization system, as described herein, which includes a sterilization head having a UV lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light, and an adapter module detachably connected to the sterilization head.

[0017] A particular embodiment of the present disclosure provides an adapter module configured to be detachably connected to a sterilization head having a UV lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light. The adapter module includes a shroud configured to be detachably connected to the sterilization head at a coupling interface, and a fluid passage within the shroud having an inlet and an outlet for fluid communication. The fluid passage is configured for fluid to flow in from the inlet and discharge from the outlet. The UV lamp is configured to emit UV light into the fluid passage as the fluid passes through the fluid passage from the inlet to the outlet.

[0018] In at least one embodiment, the fluid passage is defined by the inner surface of the shroud, and the inner surface of the shroud is a reflective surface.

[0019] In at least one embodiment, the fluid is a gas. The gas is, for example, air.

[0020] In at least one embodiment, the fluid is a liquid. The liquid is, for example, water.

[0021] In at least one embodiment, a particle filter is provided inside the fluid passage. In at least one embodiment, an ozone filter is provided inside the fluid passage.

[0022] In at least one embodiment, the shroud includes one or more tubes. The one or more glass tubes define the fluid passage. For example, the one or more tubes include a plurality of straight segments that connect to one or more bends. As one example, the one or more tubes are made of glass.

[0023] In at least one embodiment, a blower is provided inside the shroud.

[0024] In at least one embodiment, the outlet is connected to a tube that leads to a breathing mask.

[0025] In at least one embodiment, one or both of a valve or a pump are disposed near the inlet. One or both of the valve or the pump are configured to control the flow of fluid in the fluid passage.

[0026] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method that includes providing a fluid passage in a shroud of an adapter module that is in fluid communication with an inlet and an outlet. Fluid flows into the fluid passage from the inlet and is discharged from the outlet. Ultraviolet (UV) light is irradiated inside the fluid passage as the fluid passes from the inlet to the outlet of the fluid passage.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] [Figure 1] It is a schematic block diagram of an adaptive sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] It is a flowchart of an adaptive sterilization method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3]A diagram showing a simplified connection interface between a sterilization head and an adapter module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] A diagram showing a simplified connection interface between a sterilization head and an adapter module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] A diagram showing a simplified connection interface between a sterilization head and an adapter module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] A diagram showing a simplified connection interface between a sterilization head and an adapter module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] A diagram showing a simplified connection interface between a sterilization head and an adapter module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] A diagram showing a simplified connection interface between a sterilization head and an adapter module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] A bottom perspective view of an adaptive sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] A cross-sectional view of the adapter module along line 10-10 of FIG. 9. [Figure 11] A bottom perspective view of an adaptive sterilization system in a state where the adapter module is separated from the sterilization head according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] A schematic block diagram of an adapter module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] A perspective view of a sterilization system in a state where the adapter module is removed from the sterilization head according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] In the sterilization system shown in FIG. 13, a perspective view showing a state where the adapter module is connected to the sterilization head. [Figure 15] A top perspective view of an adapter module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 16] A top view of a fluid passage according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 17] A diagram showing the inside of a sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 18] This figure shows the internal structure of a sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 19] This is a perspective view of a sterilization system connected to a breathing mask according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 20] This is a side view of a sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 21] This is a side view of a sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 22] This is a side view of a sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 23] This is a perspective view of a portable sterilization system worn by an operator, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 24] This is a perspective view of a wand assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, viewed from the side and above. [Figure 25] Figure 24 is a rear perspective view of the wand assembly. [Figure 26] Figure 24 is a side perspective view of the wand assembly shown. [Figure 27] This is a perspective view of a compact, unfolded portable sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 28] This is a perspective view of a portable sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the sterilization head is in the extended position. [Figure 29] This is a perspective view of a portable sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the sterilization head and the handle are in the extended position. [Figure 30] This is a perspective view of a portable sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, with the sterilization head rotated relative to the handle. [Figure 31] This is a perspective view of the end face of the UV lamp and reflector in a sterilization head according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 32] This is a perspective view of the end face of the UV lamp and reflector in a sterilization head according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 33] This is a perspective view of the end face of the UV lamp and reflector in a sterilization head according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 34] This is a top-view perspective of the sterilization head. [Figure 35] This is a floor-level perspective view of the sterilization head. [Figure 36] This is an axial cross-sectional view of the sterilization head cut along line 36-36 in Figure 34. [Figure 37] This is an end-face perspective view of a UV lamp fixed to a mounting bracket according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 38] This is a perspective view showing an exploded view of a backpack assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 39] This is a front perspective view of a harness connected to a backpack assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 40] This figure shows the ultraviolet light spectrum. [Figure 41] This is a perspective view of a portable sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 42] This is a perspective view of a portable sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, with the case assembly in an open state. [Figure 43] This is a perspective view of a portable sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, with the case assembly in an open state. [Figure 44] This is a perspective view of a portable sterilization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, with the case assembly in an open state. [Figure 45] This is a side perspective view of a wand assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 46] Figure 45 is a bottom perspective view of the wand assembly. [Figure 47] This is a front view of an aircraft according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0028] The above-described outline of the invention and the details of the embodiments described later will be more clearly understood by referring to the accompanying drawings. In this specification, elements or steps described in the singular form do not necessarily exclude multiple elements or steps. Furthermore, the reference to “one embodiment” is not intended to exclude the existence of other embodiments that incorporate the features described in that embodiment. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, embodiments that “comprising” or “having” one or more elements in a particular state may additionally include other elements that are not in that state.

[0029] As described herein, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an adaptive sterilization system having one or more adapter modules, the one or more adapter modules being configured to be detachably connected to a sterilization head having a UV lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light. The adapter modules are configured to provide functions related to the UV light emitted by the UV lamp. For example, the adapter modules are configured to filter the UV light. The adapter modules can be used to disinfect the skin or wounds of a user, the surfaces of objects (e.g., tools and equipment), fluids such as air and water, and / or other things.

[0030] The term "adapter module" refers to a device or assembly that can be attached to and / or removed from a sterilization head, for example, to assist and / or complement a given UV disinfection or sterilization process.

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of an adaptive sterilization system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The sterilization system 100 includes a sterilization head 102 and a plurality of adapter modules 104, which are configured to be detachably attached to the sterilization head 102 at a coupling interface 106.

[0032] The sterilization head 102 includes a UV lamp 108 configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light. The sterilization head 102 can be used without the adapter module 104. For example, the sterilization head 102 can sterilize a surface by emitting UV light even with the adapter module 104 removed. In at least one embodiment, the sterilization head 102 is part of a portable mobile platform. For example, the sterilization head 102 is part of a wand assembly, as described herein. The wand assembly can be connected to a backpack assembly, a case assembly, a cart assembly, etc. In other embodiments, the wand assembly is an independent unit and is not connected to other assemblies such as a backpack assembly.

[0033] Each adapter module 104 is fixed to the sterilization head 102 in a detachable manner (i.e., in a manner that allows for easy attachment and detachment) at the coupling interface 106. For example, the coupling interface 106 may include a track groove, a latch, a detent, an interference fit, a spring-biased coupling, and integrated or separate fasteners. In at least one embodiment, the coupling interface 106 is common to all adapter modules 104. That is, the coupling interface 106 has the same configuration for all adapter modules 104.

[0034] The adapter module 104 is configured to provide functions related to the UV light emitted by the UV lamp 108. Each adapter module 104 provides a different function from the other adapter modules. Such functions include, for example, light filtering, light wavelength conversion, fluid sterilization, and object sterilization.

[0035] For example, at least one adapter module 104 is an optical filter that optically filters UV light, and the first adapter module 104 is configured to block UV light of undesirable wavelengths. In this way, the first adapter module 104 can be configured so that only light of a desired wavelength from the UV light irradiated from the UV lamp 108 passes through the first adapter module 104. In one embodiment, the first adapter module 104 includes an optical filter such as a low-pass filter that blocks light with wavelengths greater than 230 nanometers (nm).

[0036] As another example, at least one adapter module 104 is a photoconverter configured to convert first-wavelength UV light emitted from the UV lamp 108 into second-wavelength light. For example, the adapter module 104 is configured to convert the light emitted from the UV lamp 108 into either longer-wavelength or shorter-wavelength light.

[0037] As another example, at least one adapter module 104 is a fluid sanitizer, configured to disinfect a fluid by passing it through UV light emitted by a UV lamp 108. For example, the adapter module 104 has a channel through which a gas (e.g., air) or liquid (e.g., water) passes. The fluid flowing through this internal channel is disinfected by UV light emitted by the UV lamp 108.

[0038] In other embodiments, at least one adapter module 104 is an object sanitizer having a chamber inside, configured to disinfect an object (e.g., furniture, equipment, balls, etc.) placed inside the chamber. In at least one embodiment, the internal chamber is configured to accommodate a part of the human body, such as a hand. The UV light emitted by the UV lamp can be used to disinfect the part of the human body.

[0039] Each adapter module 104 is configured to perform a different specific function, such as optical filtering, optical wavelength conversion, fluid disinfection, or object disinfection. For example, the first adapter module 104 includes an optical filter, the second adapter module 104 includes a wavelength converter, the third adapter module 104 includes a fluid sterilization device, and the fourth adapter module 104 includes an object sterilization device. Each adapter module 104 is interchangeable with one another and is either detachably attached to, fixed to, or otherwise connected to the sterilization head 102 at the connecting interface 106. In this way, the sterilization system 100 can be adapted to perform various different functions by using different adapter modules 104. The number of adapter modules 104 included in the sterilization system 100 may be more or less than those shown in the figure.

[0040] As described herein, the adaptive sterilization system 100 includes a sterilization head 102 having a UV lamp 108 configured to emit UV light. One or more adapter modules 104 are configured to be detachably connected to the sterilization head 102 at a coupling interface 106. The adapter modules 104 are configured to provide functions related to the UV light emitted by the UV lamp 108 (e.g., light filtering, light wavelength conversion, sterilization / disinfection of fluids, sterilization / disinfection of objects, etc.). For example, a first adapter module 104 is configured to perform a first specific function (e.g., light filtering), and a second adapter module 104 is configured to perform a second specific function (e.g., sterilization of fluids) that is different from the first specific function.

[0041] Figure 2 is a flowchart of an adaptive sterilization method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, in this method, first, a sterilization head 102 having a UV lamp 108 is prepared at 110. No adapter module 104 is attached to the sterilization head 102. The sterilization head 102 is configured to irradiate UV light of a specific wavelength, such as in the far ultraviolet region (e.g., 220-230 nm) and / or the UVC region (e.g., 230-280 nm).

[0042] In step 112 of this method, it is determined whether or not to adapt (for example, change) the application of the sterilization head 102. That is, it is determined whether or not to change the application provided by the configuration of the sterilization head 110 itself. The sterilization head 102 is configured to sterilize the surface of an object with light of a specific wavelength, such as 222 nm or 254 nm. The method then returns to step 112. If it is determined in step 112 of this method that the application should not be changed, the process proceeds to step 114, and the sterilization head 102 is activated without the adapter module 104 installed.

[0043] On the other hand, in this method 112, if it is determined that the use of the sterilization head 102 should be changed, the process proceeds to 116, where the first adapter module 104 (corresponding to the desired function) is attached to the sterilization head 102. Next, in 118, the sterilization head 102 is operated with the first adapter module 104 attached to achieve the desired function.

[0044] In step 120, it is determined whether or not to change the purpose of the sterilization head 102 with the first adapter module 104 attached. If not to change it, the process returns to step 118.

[0045] On the other hand, if it is determined that the purpose of the sterilization head 102 with the first adapter module 104 attached should be changed, the method proceeds to step 122, where the first adapter module 104 is removed from the sterilization head 102. The method then returns to step 112. Optionally, the method may proceed to step 124, in which a second adapter module 104 having a different function from the first adapter module 104 is attached to the sterilization head 102. The method is repeated in the same manner thereafter.

[0046] Figure 3 is a simplified diagram showing a connecting interface 106 between a sterilization head 102 and an adapter module 104 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the connecting interface 106 includes one or more track grooves 126 provided in the housing or shroud of the sterilization head 102, and one or more complementary members 128 (e.g., ridges, tabs, ledges, fins, etc.) provided on the adapter module 104 are configured to fit into and slide in these track grooves. Optionally, the sterilization head 102 may have complementary members 128 and the adapter module 104 may have track grooves 126. In at least one embodiment, the connecting interface 106 is common to all adapter modules 104, as shown in Figure 1.

[0047] Figure 4 is a simplified diagram showing a connecting interface 106 between a sterilization head 102 and an adapter module 104 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the connecting interface 106 includes one or more latches 130 fixed to the housing or shroud of the sterilization head 102. The latches 130 are configured to engage with and release complementary members 132 (e.g., openings or protrusions) provided on the adapter module 104. Optionally, the sterilization head 102 may have complementary members 132 and the adapter module 104 may have latches 130. In at least one embodiment, the connecting interface 106 is common to all adapter modules 104, as shown in Figure 1.

[0048] Figure 5 is a simplified diagram showing a connecting interface 106 between a sterilization head 102 and an adapter module 104 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the connecting interface 106 includes a hook-and-loop fastener 134 (e.g., Velcro tape) fixed to the housing or shroud of the sterilization head 102. The hook-and-loop fastener 134 is configured to be able to be fitted and fixed to a complementary hook-and-loop fastener 136, and to be able to be released from being fixed. For example, the hook-and-loop fastener 134 is fixed to the exposed lower surface of the sterilization head 102, and the hook-and-loop fastener 136 is fixed to the upper surface of the adapter module 104. In at least one embodiment, the connecting interface 106 is common to all adapter modules 104, as shown in Figure 1.

[0049] Figure 6 is a simplified diagram showing a connecting interface 106 between a sterilization head 102 and an adapter module 104 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the connecting interface 106 includes one or more through holes 138 fixed to the housing or shroud of the sterilization head 102. The adapter module 104 is provided with one or more flexible spring arms 140, the tips 142 of which are configured to bend and enter into the through holes 138 (e.g., snap-fit). A latch 130 is configured to be able to be fitted and fixed to a complementary member 132 (e.g., an opening or protrusion) provided on the adapter module 104, and to be able to be released from being fixed. Optionally, the sterilization head 102 may have flexible spring arms 140 and the adapter module 104 may have through holes 138. In at least one embodiment, the connecting interface 106 is common to all adapter modules 104, as shown in Figure 1.

[0050] Figure 7 is a simplified diagram showing a connecting interface 106 between a sterilization head 102 and an adapter module 104 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the connecting interface 106 includes a surface 144 configured to fit into an opening 146 provided in the sterilization head 102 by a crimp fit and / or by a plug-socket connection. Optionally, the sterilization head 102 may have the surface 144 and the adapter module 104 may have the opening 146. In at least one embodiment, the connecting interface 106 is common to all adapter modules 104, as shown in Figure 1.

[0051] Figure 8 is a simplified diagram showing the connecting interface 106 between the sterilization head 102 and the adapter module 104 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the connecting interface 106 is integrally provided with one or more fasteners 148 (e.g., quarter-turn fasteners, half-turn fasteners, or bayonet-type fasteners of the same configuration) and is configured to fit into a complementary cavity 150 provided in the adapter module 104. Optionally, the sterilization head 102 may have a cavity 150 and the adapter module 104 may have fasteners 148. In at least one embodiment, the connecting interface 106 is common to all adapter modules 104, as shown in Figure 1.

[0052] Figure 9 is a bottom perspective view of an adaptive sterilization system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The adaptive sterilization system 100 includes a sterilization head 102 and an adapter module 104 detachably connected to the sterilization head 102 as described herein. In at least one embodiment, the adapter module 104 includes a shroud 160, which is detachably fixed to the shroud 162 of the sterilization head 102 at a connecting interface 106. The shroud 160 holds a light filter 164. Referring to Figures 1 and 9, UV light is emitted from the UV lamp 108 toward the light filter 164, where light of a predetermined wavelength from the light irradiated from the UV lamp 108 is blocked. Thus, filtered UV light 166 is emitted from the light filter 164.

[0053] Referring to Figures 1 and 9, the adapter module 104 is a separate unit independent of the sterilization head 102. In other words, the sterilization head 102 and the adapter module 104 are not in a relationship where one includes the other. The adapter module 104 is detachably connected to the sterilization head 102 (for example, so that it can be connected and disconnected). The sterilization head 102 is operational (for example, capable of emitting UV light) whether or not the adapter module 104 is attached to the sterilization head 102.

[0054] For example, the UV lamp 108 is configured to emit UV light, such as a specific wavelength (e.g., 222 nm) included in the far-ultraviolet region. However, the UV light emitted from the UV lamp 108 also includes some light with wavelengths longer than, for example, 230 nm. Therefore, in at least one embodiment, the optical filter 164 is a 230 nm low-pass filter that blocks light with wavelengths longer than 230 nm, so that light with wavelengths shorter than 230 nm is emitted from the optical filter 164. For example, the optical filter 164 filters the UV light emitted from the UV lamp 108 so that UV light 166 with a wavelength of 222 nm, which can neutralize (e.g., kill) microorganisms (e.g., viruses and bacteria) without risk to the human body, is emitted from the optical filter 164.

[0055] Naturally, passing through the light filter 164 causes the UV light to attenuate or its output to decrease. Therefore, if a higher output is desired, or if there is no possibility of human exposure, the adapter module 104 can be removed from the sterilization head 102 to emit unfiltered, higher-output UV light. The adapter module 104 can be selectively attached to and detached from the sterilization head 102 as needed.

[0056] As described above, in at least one embodiment, the sterilization system 100 includes an adapter module 104 having a light filter 164. The adapter module 104 is selectively removable from the sterilization head 102. When there is little possibility of human exposure, the sterilization system 100 can be used without the adapter module 104 to irradiate the desired surface with UV light. However, when there is a possibility of human exposure, the adapter module 104 can be attached to the sterilization head 102 to efficiently block UV light of inappropriate wavelengths with the light filter 164.

[0057] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the adapter module 104 along line 10-10 in Figure 9. In at least one embodiment, the optical filter 164 is configured as a panel 168 fixed to the shroud 160. In at least one other embodiment, the adapter module 104 is or includes a homogeneous optical filter 164. For example, the adapter module 104 is made of the same material as the optical filter 164. In at least one embodiment, the shroud 160 and the optical filter 164 are made of the same optical filtering material.

[0058] In at least one embodiment, the optical filter 164 is made of silicon. The optical filter 164 is coated with a metal and / or etched into a predetermined pattern so that it can filter UV light of a predetermined wavelength. As described above, the optical filter 164 may be a 230nm low-pass filter that blocks UV light with wavelengths longer than 230nm from the UV lamp 108. Optionally, the optical filter 164 can be configured to block light with wavelengths longer or shorter than 230nm. For example, the optical filter 164 can be configured to block UV light with wavelengths other than 254nm from the UV lamp 108.

[0059] Figure 11 is a bottom perspective view of an adaptive sterilization system 100 with the adapter module 104 separated from the sterilization head 102, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In at least one embodiment, the adapter module 104 includes a frame 170 that holds a light filter 164. The frame 170 is detachably attached to an outer edge 172 exposed at the lower end of the shroud 162 of the sterilization head 102 via one of the coupling interfaces 106 described herein.

[0060] Referring to Figures 1 and 9-11, the adapter module 104 is configured to be detachably connected to a sterilization head 102, which includes a UV lamp 108 configured to emit UV light. The adapter module includes a shroud 160 or frame 170 configured to be detachably connected to the sterilization head 102 at a coupling interface 106. A light filter 164 is connected to the shroud 160 or frame 170. The light filter 164 is configured to filter the UV light emitted by the UV lamp 108.

[0061] Figure 12 is a schematic block diagram of an adapter module 104 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the adapter module 104 includes a shroud 180. The shroud 180 includes a fluid passage 186 that provides fluid communication from an inlet 182 to an outlet 184 within the shroud 180. The fluid passage 186 is defined by an inner surface 185 of the shroud 180. In at least one embodiment, the inner surface 185 is a reflective surface. For example, the inner surface 185 is covered with and / or coated with a mirror or other reflector (such as Teflon, Porex, or polished aluminum).

[0062] During operation, a fluid (e.g., gas or liquid) enters the shroud through the inlet 152 and passes through the fluid passage 186. Referring to Figures 1 and 12, UV light from the UV lamp 108 is irradiated into the fluid passage 186 to sterilize the fluid. The sterilized fluid is then discharged from the outlet 184.

[0063] If the inner surface 185 of the fluid passage 186 is a reflective surface, UV light that reaches the reflective surface is reflected into the interior of the passage. Furthermore, the sterilization head 102 can also be provided with a reflective inner surface, so that the emitted UV light is repeatedly reflected into the fluid passage 186 (reducing or eliminating absorption), thereby enabling more efficient sterilization / disinfection. Alternatively, the adapter module 104 may be configured without a reflective surface.

[0064] In at least one embodiment, a particle filter 191 is provided inside the fluid passage 186. For example, the particle filter 191 is located at or near the inlet 182. The particle filter 191 can remove particulate matter (dust, debris, or other impurities) from the fluid, whether it is a gas or a liquid. Particulate matter can cause shadows to be cast by UV light. Therefore, by providing the particle filter 191, the disinfection process can be performed more effectively and efficiently. Alternatively, the adapter module 104 may be configured without a particle filter.

[0065] In at least one embodiment, an ozone filter 193 is provided inside the fluid passage 186. For example, the ozone filter 193 is located at or near the outlet 184. The ozone filter 193 can remove ozone from the fluid (which may be generated, for example, by the interaction of UV light with the fluid). Alternatively, the adapter module 104 may be configured without an ozone filter.

[0066] Referring to Figures 1 and 12, the adapter module 104 is configured to be detachably connected to a sterilization head 102 having a UV lamp 108 configured to emit UV light. The adapter module 104 includes a shroud 180 configured to be detachably connected to the sterilization head 102 at a coupling interface 106. The shroud 180 is provided with a fluid passage 186 that is in fluid communication from an inlet 182 to an outlet 184 inside (for example, an internal chamber 181 defined by the shroud 180). Fluid (for example, gas or liquid) enters the fluid passage 186 through the inlet 182 and is discharged from the outlet 184. UV light from the UV lamp 108 is irradiated into the fluid passage 186 as the fluid flows from the inlet 182 to the outlet 184.

[0067] Figure 13 is a perspective view of the sterilization system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing the adapter module 104 removed from the sterilization head 102. Figure 14 is a perspective view of the sterilization system 100 shown in Figure 13, showing the adapter module 104 connected to the sterilization head 102. Referring to Figures 12 to 14, the shroud 180 of the adapter module 104 defines a fluid passage 186. In at least one other embodiment, the fluid passage 186 is defined by one or more tubes 187 (e.g., glass tubes).

[0068] Figure 15 is a top perspective view of an adapter module 104 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 16 is a top view of a fluid passage 186 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 17 shows the interior of a sterilization system 100. As shown in Figures 15 to 17, the adapter module 104 includes a tube 187, which has a number of straight segments 190, 192, and 194 connected to bends 196 and 198, forming a long continuous passage through which a fluid passes inside the adapter module 104. The fluid is, for example, a gas (e.g., air) or a liquid (e.g., water).

[0069] In at least one embodiment, a blower 199, such as a fan, is provided inside the adapter module 104 (for example, on or inside the shroud 180). The blower 199 may be located, for example, at or near the inlet 182 (for example, within 3 inches). Optionally, the blower 199 may be located inside the tube 187. The blower 199 draws air from outside the adapter module 104 into the fluid passage 186.

[0070] In at least one embodiment, the tube 187 is made of a permeable material such as glass. The glass tube 187 is known to absorb little to no UV light, and the fluid flowing through the fluid passage 186 formed by the tube 187 can be effectively and efficiently disinfected by the light of the UV lamp 108. The provision of multiple segments 190, 192, and 194 and bends 196 and 198 allows for the formation of a relatively long fluid path, which increases the time the fluid flows through the fluid passage 186. By increasing the time the fluid flows through the fluid passage 186, the exposure time to UV light can also be increased, further improving the sterilization efficiency.

[0071] Optionally, the number of segments and bends in tube 187 may be more or less than those shown. For example, tube 187 may consist of a single straight segment and no bends. In other examples, tube 187 may consist of four or more straight segments and three or more bends. In other examples, multiple discontinuous tubes 187 may be used.

[0072] Figure 18 shows the interior of a sterilization system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the adapter module 104 does not include a tube. Instead, a fluid passage 186 is defined by the inner surface 185 (which may or may not be reflective) of the shroud 180.

[0073] Figure 19 is a perspective view of a sterilization system 100 connected to a breathing mask 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The sterilization head 102 is part of a wand assembly 202 connected to a backpack assembly 204. The adapter module 104 is configured to sterilize a fluid, as described with reference to Figures 12 to 19. The first end 205 of the hose or tube 206 is connected to the outlet 184. The second end 207 of the tube 206 is connected to the inlet 210 of the breathing mask 200. Thus, the sterilization system 100 can be combined with the adapter module 104 to sterilize the air and supply sterilized, clean air to the breathing mask 200 worn by the worker. The sterilization system 100 and breathing mask 200 can be worn in situations where the user is susceptible to airborne pathogens, such as in areas where infectious diseases are prevalent or widespread.

[0074] Figure 20 is a side view of a sterilization system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the sterilization system 100 can be installed inside the cabin or passenger compartment of a vehicle. Air is drawn into the adapter module 104 by a blower 199, and the drawn-in air passes through the fluid passage 186 as described with reference to Figures 12 to 18. As the air flows through the fluid passage 186, UV light emitted from the UV lamp 108 sterilizes the air. Thus, sterilized clean air 220 is released from the outlet 184 and supplied to the installation location.

[0075] Figure 21 is a side view of a sterilization system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the outlet 184a of the first adapter module 104a (connected to the first sterilization head 102a) is in fluid communication with the inlet 182b of the second adapter module 104b (connected to the second sterilization head 102b). As a result, the air passing through the inlet 182a of the first adapter module 104a is first sterilized, and then this first sterilized air passes through the outlet 184a and is sent to the inlet 182b of the second adapter module 104b, where it is further sterilized. The sterilized air in this manner is finally released from the outlet 184b and supplied to the installation location. By connecting multiple adapter modules 104 in this way, the air can be sterilized to a high degree. The number of sterilization heads and adapter modules included in the sterilization system 100 may be more or less than those shown. For example, it is also possible to configure the system so that the sterilization head 102a is connected to the first backpack assembly 204a and the sterilization head 102b is connected to the second backpack assembly 204b.

[0076] Figure 22 is a side view of a sterilization system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to Figures 12 to 18 and Figure 22, in at least one embodiment, the fluid passage 186 can be configured to carry a liquid, such as water. The adapter module 104 includes a valve 230 and a pump 232 at or near the inlet 182. A liquid inlet line 240 is connected to the valve 230, the pump 232, and / or the inlet 182. The valve 230 controls the flow of fluid into the fluid passage 186. The pump 232 moves the fluid in the fluid passage 186. The UV lamp 108 irradiates UV light as the fluid flows through the fluid passage 186, sterilizing the fluid flowing through it. This allows a sterilized, clean liquid suitable for drinking to be supplied from the outlet 184 to a discharge hose 244, for example. Optionally, the adapter module 104 may be configured without the valve 230 and / or the pump 232.

[0077] Figure 23 is a perspective view showing a portable sterilization system 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, mounted on a worker 301. The portable sterilization system 300 includes a wand assembly 302 connected to a backpack assembly 304. The backpack assembly is secured to the worker in a detachable manner by a harness 305. The wand assembly 302 includes a sterilization head 306 connected to a handle 308. In at least one embodiment, the sterilization head 306 is movably connected to the handle 308 via a connecting member 310.

[0078] The sterilization head 306 is an example of the sterilization head 102 described with reference to Figures 1 to 22. The adapter module 104 is detachably connected to the sterilization head 102 as described above.

[0079] In at least one other embodiment, the portable sterilization system 300 is not attached to the operator 301. For example, the portable sterilization system 300 includes a case assembly that can be opened and closed. When the wand assembly 302 is not in use, it can be stored in the case assembly. The case assembly can be opened when the wand assembly 302 is removed and operated.

[0080] The wand assembly 302 shown in Figure 23 is in the stowed position. In the stowed position, the wand assembly 302 is detachably secured to a part of the backpack assembly 304 by one or more track grooves, clips, latches, belts, straps, etc.

[0081] In at least one other embodiment, the wand assembly 302 is housed in a case assembly when stored. For example, in the stored state, the wand assembly 302 is housed in a closed case assembly. When the wand assembly 302 is removed and unfolded, the case assembly can be opened.

[0082] Figure 24 is a side-up perspective view of a wand assembly 302 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The sterilization head 306 is connected to the handle 308 via a connecting member 310. The sterilization head 306 includes a shroud 312, which is provided with an outer cover 314 extending from a base end 316 to a tip end 318. A UV lamp is housed inside the shroud 312 as described herein.

[0083] Optionally, the wand assembly 302 may include a sterilization head 306 connected to a fixed handle. Furthermore, the size and shape of the wand assembly 302 may differ from those shown.

[0084] A port 320 is provided at the base end 316. The port 320 is connected to a hose 322, which is connected to a backpack assembly 304 (not shown in Figure 23). The hose 322 includes an electrical cord, electrical cable, electrical wiring, etc., which connects a power supply unit (e.g., one or more batteries) included in the backpack assembly 304 (shown in Figure 23) to a UV lamp 340 included in the shroud 312. Optionally, the electrical cord, electrical cable, electrical wiring, etc., may be configured to be located outside the hose 322. In at least one embodiment, the hose 322 further includes an air supply tube (e.g., an air tube) which fluidly connects the internal chamber of the shroud 312 to a blower, vacuum generator, air filter, etc., located inside the backpack assembly 304.

[0085] The connecting member 310 is fixed to the outer cover 314 near the base end 316 of the shroud 312. The connecting member 310 includes a fixed beam member 324 joined to the outer cover 314 by, for example, a fastener or adhesive. An extension beam member 326 extends outward from the fixed beam member 324, separating the handle 308 from the shroud 312. The extension beam member 326 is provided with a bearing assembly 328 on the side opposite to the fixed beam member 324. The bearing assembly 328 includes one or more of the following: a bearing, a track groove, etc., which allows the handle 308 to translate linearly in the direction of arrow A relative to the connecting member 310 and / or rotate in the direction of arc B along the pivot axle. Optionally, the fixed beam member 324 may include a bearing assembly, and in addition to the handle 308 being connected to the bearing assembly 328, or alternatively, this bearing unit may enable the sterilization head 306 to translate in the direction of arrow A and / or rotate (e.g., swivel) in the direction of arc B (in this case, for example, the handle 308 may be fixed to the connecting member 310).

[0086] In at least one other embodiment, the wand assembly 302 may be configured without the connecting member 310. In this case, the handle 308 is fixed to, for example, the shroud 312.

[0087] In at least one embodiment, the handle 308 includes a member 330 such as a rod, pole, or beam, which may be longer than the shroud 312. Optionally, the rod 330 may be shorter than the shroud 312. One or more gripping portions 332 are fixed to the rod 330. The gripping portions 332 are configured to be held by an operator. The gripping portions 332 may also include an ergonomic tactile feature 334.

[0088] Optionally, the size and shape of the wand assembly 302 may differ from those shown. For example, in at least one embodiment, the handle 308 may be fixed to the shroud 312. Furthermore, the handle 308 does not have to be movable relative to the handle itself and / or the shroud 312. For example, the handle 308 and the shroud 312 may be a single component formed by integral molding.

[0089] Figure 25 is a rear perspective view of the wand assembly 302 shown in Figure 24. Figure 26 is a side perspective view of the wand assembly 302 shown in Figure 24. Referring to Figures 25 and 26, the handle 308 is pivotally connected to the connecting member 310 via a bearing 336 having a pivot shaft 338 that pivotally connects the handle 308 to the connecting member 310. The handle 308 may also be configured to extend and retract linearly from the bearing 336. For example, the handle 308 may be configured to be retractable in a nesting manner. In at least one embodiment, optionally or alternatively, the handle 308 has a nesting body that allows the handle 308 to extend outward and retract inward. In at least one other embodiment, the handle 308 does not have to be configured to be movable, extendable, or retractable relative to the shroud 312.

[0090] Figure 27 is a perspective view of a portable sterilization system 300 in a compact, unfolded state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wand assembly 302 is detached from the backpack assembly 304 (shown in Figure 23) and placed in a compact, unfolded state, as shown in Figure 27. A hose 322 connects the wand assembly 302 to the backpack assembly 304. In the compact, unfolded state, the sterilization head 306 is fully retracted relative to the handle 308.

[0091] Figure 28 is a perspective view of the portable sterilization system 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the sterilization head 306 is in the extended position. When extending the sterilization head 306 from the handle 308, the sterilization head 306 is slid forward relative to the handle 308 along the direction of arrow A' (or the handle 308 is slid backward relative to the sterilization head 306). As described above, the sterilization head 306 is linearly translatable relative to the handle 308 in the direction of arrow A' via the connecting member 310. As shown in Figure 28, by extending the sterilization head 306 outward, the sterilization system 300 can be easily made to reach further distances. Alternatively, the sterilization head 306 does not have to be configured to be linearly translatable relative to the handle 308.

[0092] Figure 29 is a perspective view of a portable sterilization system 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing the sterilization head 306 in the extended position and the handle 308 in the extended position. The handle 308 may be configured to extend and retract linearly, such as by being nested, to allow it to reach further. This allows the sterilization head 306 to reach further. Alternatively, the handle 308 does not have to be retractable.

[0093] In at least one embodiment, the handle 308 includes a locking mechanism 309. The locking mechanism 309 can be selectively actuated to fix the handle 308 in a desired extended (or retracted) position.

[0094] Figure 30 is a perspective view of a portable sterilization system 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing the sterilization head 306 rotated relative to the handle 308. As described above, the sterilization head 306 is configured to be rotatable relative to the handle 308 via a connecting member 310. Because the sterilization head 306 can be rotated relative to the handle 308, it becomes possible to bring the sterilization head 306 closer to areas that would be difficult to reach if the sterilization head 306 were rigidly joined to the handle 308, and to perform actions such as swinging it around. Alternatively, the sterilization head 306 may be configured not to be rotatable relative to the handle 308.

[0095] Figure 31 is an end-face perspective view of the UV lamp 340 and reflector 342 in a sterilization head 306 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The sterilization head 306 is also an example of the sterilization head 102 described with reference to Figure 1. Furthermore, the UV lamp 340 is an example of the UV lamp 108 shown in Figure 1.

[0096] The UV lamp 340 and the reflector 342 are fixed within the shroud 312 of the sterilization head 306 (for example, shown in Figure 24). In at least one embodiment, the reflector 342 is fixed to the lower surface 341 of the shroud 312, for example, by adhesive. In other embodiments, the reflector 342 is an integral part of the shroud 312. For example, the reflector 342 constitutes the lower surface 341 of the shroud 312. The reflector 342 may constitute a reflective surface 343 (for example, Teflon and / or a mirror surface) that reflects UV light irradiated from the UV lamp 340 outward. In at least one embodiment, the shroud 312 is or contains a fiberglass shell, and the reflector 342 may be made of Teflon with a reflectivity of 98%. In at least one embodiment, the reflector 342 is a reflector made of multiple pieces.

[0097] The reflector 342 extends along the entire length of the lower surface 341 of the shroud 312. Optionally, the reflector 342 may be shorter than the entire length of the lower surface 341 of the shroud 312.

[0098] The UV lamp 340 extends along its entire length (or substantially along its entire length, such as from the base end 316 to the tip end 318). The UV lamp 340 is fixed to the reflector 342 and / or shroud 312 via one or more mounting members, such as a bracket. The UV lamp 340 includes one or more UV light-emitting components, such as a light bulb or a light-emitting element (e.g., a light-emitting diode). In at least one embodiment, the UV lamp 340 is configured to emit UV light in the far-ultraviolet region, such as light with a wavelength of 200-230 nm. In at least one embodiment, the UV lamp 340 is configured to emit UV light with a wavelength of 222 nm. For example, the UV lamp 340 may be, or include, a 300W light bulb configured to emit UV light with a wavelength of 222 nm. Alternatively, the UV lamp 340 is configured to emit UV light in other ultraviolet wavelength ranges, such as the UVC range.

[0099] As shown in the figure, the reflector 342 may also have a configuration having a flat, upright side wall 344 connected to a curved upper wall 346. The curved upper wall 346 has a shape that bulges outward so as to be spaced away from the UV lamp 340. For example, the curved upper wall 346 has a parabolic cross-section and / or contour shape.

[0100] It has been found that if the side wall 344 is flat and straight, the UV light emitted from the UV lamp 340 can be reflected and / or focused to a desired position. Alternatively, the side wall 344 does not necessarily have to be a flat and straight wall.

[0101] Figure 32 is an end-face perspective view of the UV lamp 340 and reflector 342 in a sterilization head according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The reflector 342 shown in Figure 32 is the same as the reflector 342 in Figure 31, except that the side wall 344 is inclined outward from the curved upper wall 346.

[0102] Figure 33 is an end-face perspective view of the UV lamp 340 and reflector 342 in a sterilization head according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the side wall 344 has a curved shape that follows the curvature of the curved upper wall 346.

[0103] Figure 34 is a top perspective view of the sterilization head 306. Figure 35 is a bottom perspective view of the sterilization head 306. Figure 36 is an axial cross-sectional view of the sterilization head 306 cut along line 36-36 in Figure 34. Referring to Figures 34 to 36, the sterilization head 306 is configured to draw in air 350 through one or more openings 352 in the shroud 312 (or by configuring it as an open space from the beginning). The air 350 is drawn into the sterilization head 306 by the action of a vacuum generator located in, for example, the backpack assembly 304 (shown in Figure 23). The air 350 drawn into the shroud 312 passes around the UV lamp 340 to cool it. The air 350 flows from the port 320 into a hose 322, such as an air tube located inside the hose 322. The air 350 not only cools the UV lamp 340 but also functions to remove ozone that may be generated by the operation of the UV lamp 340 from the shroud 312. The air 350 may also be taken in by passing through an air filter, such as an activated carbon filter, provided in the backpack assembly 304.

[0104] In at least one embodiment, the portable sterilization system 300 may include an alternative ozone reduction system. For example, the ozone reduction system may include a bath of inert gas located in the shroud 312 or other part of the system, or a face inert gas system such as that disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 10,232,954.

[0105] Referring particularly to Figure 35, a bumper 353 is attached to the outer edge 355 exposed at the lower end of the shroud 312. The bumper 353 is made of an elastic material such as rubber, another elastomer material, or a continuous or closed-cell foam material. The bumper 353 can protect the sterilization head 306 in the event that the sterilization head 306 unintentionally comes into contact with a surface. The bumper 353 can also prevent damage to the surface that comes into contact with it.

[0106] The opening 352 is positioned away from the lower surface of the shroud 312 so that the UV lamp 340 cannot be directly seen through. For example, the opening 352 is positioned at a downward distance from the UV lamp 340.

[0107] Referring particularly to Figure 36, the sterilization head 306 includes a cover plate 354 located below the UV lamp 340. The cover plate 354 is made of, for example, glass and is configured to filter the UV light emitted from the UV lamp 340. The UV lamp 340 is fixed in an internal chamber 356 defined between a reflector 342 and the cover plate 354. In at least one embodiment, the cover plate 354 includes a far UV band pass filter. For example, the cover plate 354 is a 222 nm low-pass filter that filters the UV light emitted from the UV lamp 340 to light with a wavelength of 222 nm. Thus, of the UV light emitted from the sterilization head 306, light with a wavelength of 222 nm is emitted. The optical filter 164 shown in Figures 9 to 11 is, for example, a band pass filter that transmits light with a wavelength of 222 nm.

[0108] Referring to Figures 35 and 36, a rim 357 (for example, a titanium rim with a thickness of 0.020 inches) is connected between the cover plate 354 and the shroud 312. The rim 357 functions to distribute the impact load to the periphery.

[0109] In at least one embodiment, a light-emitting diode (LED) 359 for range measurement is located near the end of the UV lamp 340. The range-measuring LED 359 is used, for example, to measure a desired differential distance to a structure to be sterilized. In at least one embodiment, the range-measuring LED 359 is provided on the rim 357 and / or cover plate 354. In other embodiments, the sterilization head 306 may be configured for range guidance, as disclosed in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 027,869 filed May 20, 2020.

[0110] Figure 37 is an end-face perspective view of a UV lamp 340 fixed to a mounting bracket or clamp 360 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Each end of the UV lamp 340 is connected to the bracket or clamp 360, thereby fixing the UV lamp 340 to the shroud 312 (shown in Figures 34 to 36). A buffer material, such as a thin sheet of silicone (e.g., 0.040 inches), may be placed between the ends of the UV lamp 340 and the bracket 360. Optionally, the UV lamp 340 may be fixed to the shroud 312 via a bracket or clamp of a different size and shape than shown. In other embodiments, the UV lamp 340 may be fixed to the shroud 312 by adhesive, fasteners, etc.

[0111] Figure 38 is an exploded perspective view of a backpack assembly 304 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The backpack assembly 304 has a front wall 370 connected to a rear shell 372, a base 374, and a top lid 376. The internal chamber 378 is a space enclosed by the front wall 370, the rear shell 372, the base 374, and the top lid 376. The internal chamber 378 houses one or more batteries 380, such as a rechargeable lithium battery. The internal chamber 378 also houses an air generation subsystem 382. The air generation subsystem 382 is in fluid communication with an air pipe located in a hose 322 (for example, shown in Figure 24). The air generation subsystem 382 includes, for example, an airflow device such as a vacuum generator or a blower. The airflow device is configured to generate an airflow to cool the UV lamp, send air from the sterilization head 306 to the backpack assembly 304, discharge it from the exhaust port, and remove ozone by drawing it out from the shroud 312 or the like.

[0112] The backpack assembly 304 is provided with one or more air filters 383, such as carbon filters. The air filters 383 communicate with an air pipe or other similar air duct or air line that supplies air to the backpack assembly 304 through a hose 322. The air filters 383 are configured to filter the air taken into the backpack assembly 304 from the shroud 312. For example, the air filters 383 may be configured to remove, inactivate, or neutralize ozone.

[0113] The battery 380 and / or power supply unit housed in the backpack assembly 304 provides power for the UV lamp 340 of the sterilization head 306 (shown, for example, in Figure 24) to operate. The top wall 376 can be detachably connected to the front wall 370 and the rear shell 372. For example, removing the top wall 376 allows access to the battery 380 (for battery removal and / or charging). Additional space may also be provided inside the backpack assembly 304 for storing consumables, additional batteries, additional parts, etc. In at least one embodiment, the front wall 370, the rear shell 372, the base 374, and the top cover 376 can be formed from glass fiber epoxy.

[0114] Figure 39 is a front perspective view of a harness 305 connected to a backpack assembly 304 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The harness 305 includes shoulder straps 390 and / or waist belts or straps 392, which allow the worker to comfortably wear the backpack assembly 304.

[0115] Referring to Figures 23 to 39, during the operation, the worker can walk around the target area while wearing, for example, the backpack assembly 304. When a structure to be sterilized is found, the worker grasps the handle 308 and positions the sterilization head 306 in the desired position, extending and / or rotating the sterilization head 306 relative to the handle 308 as needed. Next, the worker activates the UV lamp 340, for example by operating a start button provided on the handle 308, and irradiates the structure with sterilizing UV light. When the UV lamp 340 is activated, air 350 is drawn into the shroud 312 to cool the UV lamp 340, and the generated ozone is sent to the backpack assembly 304, where it is filtered by the air filter 383.

[0116] If the wand assembly 302 is extendable, the sterilization head 306 can reach distant areas, for example, all of the passenger seats arranged in sets of three in each row in the interior cabin of a commercial aircraft.

[0117] Figure 40 shows the ultraviolet light spectrum. Referring to Figures 23 to 40, in at least one embodiment, the sterilization head 306 is configured to irradiate germicidal UV light in the far-ultraviolet region with wavelengths of 200 to 230 nm (by activating the UV lamp 340). In at least one embodiment, the sterilization head 306 irradiates germicidal UV light with a wavelength of 222 nm. In at least one other embodiment, the sterilization head 306 is configured to irradiate germicidal UV light in the UVC region, for example, with wavelengths of 230 to 280 nm. In at least one embodiment, the sterilization head 306 irradiates germicidal UV light with a wavelength of 254 nm. Optionally, the sterilization head 306 can be configured to irradiate UV light with wavelengths in the far-ultraviolet or UVC region.

[0118] Figure 41 is a perspective view of a portable sterilization system 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The portable sterilization system 300 includes a case assembly 400 configured to house a wand assembly 302 (hidden and not visible in Figure 41), the case assembly 400 being in a closed state as shown in Figure 41.

[0119] The adapter module 104, as described with reference to Figures 1 to 22, can be used together with the sterilization head of the wand assembly 302.

[0120] The case assembly 400 is made of, for example, plastic. The case assembly 400 includes a main body 401, such as a shell or a lower body. A lid 402, such as a lid plate or an upper body, is movably connected to the main body 401. For example, the lid 402 is connected to the main body 401 by a hinge, and the lid 402 is configured to be openable and closable relative to the main body 401.

[0121] The main body 401 includes a base 404 connected to a rear wall 406, a side wall 408, and a top wall 410. The lid 402 is movably connected to the first side wall 408 by a hinge or the like. One or more latches 412 are provided on the second side wall 408 opposite to the first side wall 408. The latches 412 are configured to engage with one or more complementary latch members 413 protruding from the lid 402 to hold the lid 402 in a closed position. The latches 412 can be engaged with the latch members 413 by an operator, and the engagement can be released to rotate the lid 402 to the open position.

[0122] A handle 414 is fixed to the case assembly 400. For example, the handle 414 is pivotally fixed to the side wall 408. The handle 414 is configured to be grasped by an operator so that the portable sterilization system 300 can be easily carried. Optionally, the handle 414 may be fixed to other parts of the case assembly 400, such as the top wall 410. In at least one embodiment, the handle 414 is configured (for example, in a nesting manner) so that it can be retracted completely into the case assembly 400 or extended completely out of the case assembly 400.

[0123] The case assembly 400 may be rotatably fitted with wheels, such as casters 416. For example, two casters 416 are rotatably fitted to the base 404 near the rear wall 406. When the worker tilts the case assembly 400, the casters 416 come into contact with the floor. This allows the worker to carry the portable sterilization system 300 by rotating the casters 416 (and optionally extending a handle from the top wall 410). Alternatively, the case assembly 400 may be configured without casters 416.

[0124] The hose 322 extends outward from the case assembly 400. When the wand assembly 302 is housed in the case assembly 400 and closed, the hose 322 can be wrapped around the lid 402. The hose retainer 418 can secure the hose 322 to the lid 402. For example, the hose retainer 418 includes a flexible fabric sheet 420 fixed to the first surface 421 of the lid 402, which is removablely secured on the second surface 422 opposite the lid 402 by one or more fasteners 424, such as hooks and loops, latches, or clips. The hose retainer 418 is configured to secure the hose 322 to the outside of the lid 402 when the wand assembly 302 is housed in the storage chamber of the case assembly 400 and the lid 402 is closed. Alternatively, the hose 322 may be housed in a storage chamber of the case assembly 400 when the wand assembly 302 is not in use. That is, the storage chamber is sized and shaped to accommodate the hose 322 together with the wand assembly 302 when the lid 402 is closed.

[0125] When the wand assembly 302 is housed in the closed case assembly 400, it is adequately protected from accidental contact or collision. In other words, since the portable sterilization system 300 is configured to house the wand assembly 302 in the case assembly 400 and close the case assembly when the wand assembly 302 is not in use, the portable sterilization system 300 can protect the wand assembly 302 from damage and extend its service life.

[0126] Figure 42 is a perspective view of the portable sterilization system 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, with the case assembly 400 in the open position. As shown, the lid 402 is pivotably connected to the main body 401 by a hinge 426, and the lid 402 is in the open position.

[0127] A storage chamber 428 is defined internally by the base 404, side walls 408, rear wall 406, and top wall 410 (and, in the closed state, by the lid 402). Various components of the portable sterilization system 300 can be stored in this storage chamber 428. For example, the components of the backpack assembly 304, as described with reference to Figure 38, can be stored in this storage chamber 428.

[0128] For example, the wand assembly 302 can be stored in the storage chamber 428 when not in use. In addition, one or more batteries, such as rechargeable lithium batteries, can be housed in the internal chamber 428.

[0129] Furthermore, an air generation subsystem (e.g., a cooling fan) can be housed in the storage chamber 428. The air generation subsystem can be connected to an air pipe located in the hose 322. The hose 322 is detachably connected to the air generation subsystem. In at least one embodiment, the hose 322 is configured to be detachably connected to the wand assembly 302 and the air generation subsystem. In other words, the hose 322 can be detachably connected to the wand assembly 302 and the air generation subsystem.

[0130] The storage chamber 428 may be equipped with one or more air filters, such as carbon filters. The air filters can be connected to an air pipe or other similar air duct or air line that supplies air through the hose 322.

[0131] Figure 43 is a perspective view of the portable sterilization system 300 with the case assembly 400 in the open position, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wand assembly 302 is configured to be housed in the storage chamber 428. When the wand assembly 302 is in use, the lid 402 is opened and the first end 430 of the hose 322 is connected to the port 320 of the wand assembly 302. In at least one embodiment, the hose 322 is configured to supply cooling air to the wand assembly 302 to cool the operating UV lamp 340.

[0132] The second end 432 of the hose 322 is connected to a port 434 that penetrates a part of the main body 401, such as the top wall 410. The port 434 connects the hose 322 to an air generation subsystem, such as a cooling fan 436, which is located inside the storage chamber 428. When the cooling fan 436 is activated, cooling air is generated and sent to the wand assembly 302 through the hose 322 (for example, an air tube located inside the hose 322 or an internal flow path in the hose 322).

[0133] In addition, the storage chamber 428 can accommodate one or more batteries 380. For example, the storage chamber 428 can accommodate three batteries 380.

[0134] The storage chamber 428 can also house the power supply unit 438. The power supply unit 438 is connected to the wand assembly 302 via a power cord (e.g., a plug and socket) and supplies power to the wand assembly 302. The power supply unit 438 may also be configured to supply power to the battery 380 (e.g., to charge the battery 380). If the battery 380 is fixed to the wand assembly 302 and power is supplied to the wand assembly 302 from the battery, the wand assembly 302 can be used without being connected to the power supply unit 438.

[0135] The hose 322 is connected to the cooling fan 436 via port 434. The cooling fan 436 may further include a diversion port that leads to the inside of the power supply unit 438. With this configuration, cooling air is supplied to both the hose 322 (and thus the wand assembly 302) and the power supply unit 438, so that both the wand assembly 302 and the power supply unit 438 can be cooled.

[0136] The case assembly 400 is provided with a hole 440 that passes through a portion of it. The hole 440 is provided, for example, in the top wall 410 and has a size and shape that allows the hose 322 to pass through. With this configuration, the wand assembly 302 can be housed in the storage chamber 428 and the lid 402 closed while the hose 322 remains connected to the wand assembly 302. The remaining portion of the hose 322 between the first end 430 and the second end 432 is secured to the lid 402 by the hose holder 418, as described with reference to Figure 41.

[0137] As shown in the figure, the handle 414 is fixed to the top wall 410 of the main body 401. The handle 414 can be pulled out from the main body 401 or retracted into it. For example, the handle 414 is a nesting handle.

[0138] The wand assembly 302 is removably secured to the storage chamber 428. For example, the wand assembly 302 is removably secured to the storage chamber 428 by latches or clips, or by interlocking with corresponding parts of the case assembly 400.

[0139] The power supply unit 438 is fixed in place within the storage chamber 428. For example, the power supply unit 438 is fixed inside the storage chamber 428 by one or more fasteners, adhesive, etc. Optionally, the power supply unit 438 is fixed in place by one or more latches, clips, etc.

[0140] Similarly, the battery 380 is secured in place within the storage chamber 428. For example, the battery 380 is secured inside the storage chamber 428 by one or more fasteners, adhesives, etc. Optionally, the battery 380 is secured in place by one or more latches, clips, etc. In at least one other embodiment, the battery 380 is removable and connected directly to the wand assembly 302 to supply power.

[0141] Figure 44 is a perspective view of the portable sterilization system 300 with the case assembly 400 in the open position, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The power cord 450 can also be housed in the storage chamber 428. When the lid 402 is closed and the portable sterilization system 300 is moved while the wand assembly 302 is not in operation, the power cord 450 is housed in the case assembly 400.

[0142] Optionally, the power cord 450 connects the power supply unit 438 to a power source (for example, a wall outlet). In addition to supplying air to the wand assembly 302, the hose 322 is also used to route power cables and the like from the power supply unit 438 and battery 380 to the wand assembly 302.

[0143] Optionally, the hose 322 may be configured without an electrical connection to the wand assembly 302. Alternatively, power may be supplied to the wand assembly 302 from the power supply unit 438 and / or battery 380 by plugging the plug 452 of the power cord 450 into the wand assembly 302. In this example, when operating the wand assembly 302, the plug 452 of the power cord 450 is connected to a complementary socket provided on the wand assembly 302. The other end of the power cord 450 is connected to the power supply unit 438 (and / or battery 380). The power cord 450 extends out of the case assembly 400 through the hole 440. Thus, the wand assembly 302 can be removed from the storage chamber 428 and connected to the hose 322 and power cord 450 extending out of the hole 440. The lid 402 can then be closed to safely hold the power supply unit 438, battery 380, etc., inside the storage chamber 428. Next, when the wand assembly 302 is activated, power is supplied from the power supply unit 438 or one or more batteries 380, so that the worker can grasp the handle 414 and move the case assembly 400 in the closed state by rotating the casters 416 (shown in Figures 41 and 42) of the case assembly 400.

[0144] Furthermore, the presence of the hole 440 allows outside air to be drawn into the storage chamber 428 even when the lid 402 is placed over the main body 401 and closed. Therefore, even when the lid 402 is closed, outside air is drawn into the cooling fan 436.

[0145] The power supply unit 438 is configured to receive power from a standard power source, such as an AC power supply. For example, the power supply unit 438 is connected to an AC power supply by a power cord. The power cord 450 is connected to a plug 452 and is configured to supply power to operate the UV lamp 340 to the wand assembly 302 from the power supply unit 438 and, in some cases, from the battery 380. For example, when the power supply unit 438 is connected to an AC power supply, power is supplied from the power supply unit 438 to the wand assembly 302. If such a power supply is not available, power can be supplied to the wand assembly 302 from the battery 380. For example, when the power supply unit 438 is not connected to a power outlet, the wand assembly 302 receives power from the battery 380. When the power supply unit 438 is connected to a power outlet, one or more relays in the power supply unit 438 are switched to receive power from the AC power supply connected to the power outlet instead of from the battery 380.

[0146] Figure 45 is a side perspective view of a wand assembly 302 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the handle 308 is fixed to the shroud 312. For example, the handle 308 is formed integrally with the shroud 312 by molding. The wand assembly 302 is configured to be small and lightweight so that it can be placed in a limited space, such as the flight deck of an aircraft.

[0147] The handle 308 is provided with a movable start trigger 460. For example, the start trigger 460 is fixed to the underside 462 of the main beam material 464 of the handle 308. The start trigger 460 is configured to selectively push down and / or push in, thereby activating and stopping the UV lamp 340 of the wand assembly 302 as needed.

[0148] The activation trigger 460 can be positioned at any position along the length of the handle 308. The activation trigger 460 may have a different shape from that shown in the figure. Furthermore, the activation trigger 460 may be larger or smaller than that shown. In one embodiment, the activation trigger 460 may be a circular button instead of the elongated bar or beam shown in the figure. Also, in an optional configuration, the activation trigger 460 may be provided on the upper part of the main beam material 464, or on the extension beam material 466 that separates the handle 308 from the shroud 312. In another embodiment, the activation trigger 460 may be provided on a part of the shroud 312.

[0149] Figure 46 is a bottom perspective view of the wand assembly 302 shown in Figure 45. As shown, a reflector 342 is fixed to the lower surface of the shroud 312.

[0150] Figure 47 is a front perspective view of an aircraft 510 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The aircraft 510 includes a propulsion system 512, such as engines 514. Optionally, the propulsion system 512 may include more engines 514 than shown. The engines 514 are mounted on the wings 516 of the aircraft 510. In other examples, the engines 514 may be mounted on the fuselage 518 and / or the tail 520. The tail 520 may also support a horizontal stabilizer 522 and a vertical stabilizer 524.

[0151] The fuselage 518 of the aircraft 510 defines an interior cabin 530, which includes a flight deck or cockpit, one or more work sections (e.g., a galley, carry-on baggage area, etc.), one or more passenger sections (e.g., first class, business class, economy class sections), one or more lavatories, etc. The sterilization system described herein can be used to sterilize surfaces and components in the interior cabin 530.

[0152] Optionally, embodiments of the present disclosure can be used in various other vehicles, such as automobiles, buses, locomotives and railway vehicles, and ships, instead of aircraft. Furthermore, embodiments of the present disclosure can also be used in fixed structures such as commercial buildings and residential buildings. In addition, embodiments of the present disclosure can be used for surface sterilization in outdoor facilities such as baseball stadiums, concert venues, and open spaces.

[0153] This disclosure further includes embodiments as noted below.

[0154] Note 1. A sterilization head including a UV lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light, The sterilization head is provided with one or more adapter modules configured to be detachably connected at the connecting interface, An adaptive sterilization system in which one or more adapter modules are configured to provide a given function related to UV light emitted by the UV lamp.

[0155] Note 2. The adaptive sterilization system described in Note 1, wherein the function includes one of the following: optical filtering, optical wavelength conversion, fluid sterilization, or object sterilization.

[0156] Note 3. The one or more adapter modules mentioned above are: A first adapter module configured to perform a first specific function, The adaptive sterilization system according to Appendix 1 or 2, comprising a second adapter module configured to perform a second specific function different from the first specific function described above.

[0157] Note 4. The adaptive sterilization system as described in Note 3, wherein the first adapter module and the second adapter module are interchangeable in relation to the sterilization head.

[0158] Note 5. The adaptive sterilization system as described in Note 3, wherein the first specific function includes one of optical filtering, optical wavelength conversion, fluid sterilization, or object sterilization, and the second specific function includes another one of optical filtering, optical wavelength conversion, fluid sterilization, or object sterilization.

[0159] Note 6. The adaptive sterilization system described in Note 3, wherein the connecting interface is common to the first adapter module and the second adapter module.

[0160] Appendix 7. An adaptive sterilization system according to any one of the appendices 1 to 6, further comprising a wand assembly including the sterilization head.

[0161] Note 8. The wand assembly is connected to the backpack assembly, and is part of the adaptive sterilization system described in Note 7.

[0162] Note 9. The wand assembly is connected to the case assembly, and is part of the adaptive sterilization system described in Note 7.

[0163] Note 10. An adaptive sterilization method comprising detachably connecting one or more adapter modules to a sterilization head at a connecting interface, wherein the sterilization head includes a UV lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light, and the one or more adapter modules are configured to provide functions related to the UV light emitted by the UV lamp.

[0164] Note 11. The adaptive sterilization method described in Note 10, wherein the function includes one of the following: light filtering, light wavelength conversion, fluid sterilization, or object sterilization.

[0165] Note 12. The one or more adapter modules mentioned above are: A first adapter module configured to perform a first specific function, The adaptive sterilization method according to Appendix 10 or 11, comprising a second adapter module configured to perform a second specific function different from the first specific function described above.

[0166] Appendix 13. The adaptive sterilization method according to Appendix 12, further comprising exchanging the first adapter module and the second adapter module in relation to the sterilization head.

[0167] Note 14. The adaptive sterilization method according to Note 12 or 13, wherein the first specific function includes one of optical filtering, optical wavelength conversion, fluid sterilization, or object sterilization, and the second specific function includes another one of optical filtering, optical wavelength conversion, fluid sterilization, or object sterilization.

[0168] Note 15. The adaptive sterilization method described in any of Notes 12 to 14, wherein the connecting interface is common to the first adapter module and the second adapter module.

[0169] Note 16. The sterilization head is included in the wand assembly and is part of the adaptive sterilization method described in any of Notes 10 to 15.

[0170] Appendix 17. The adaptive sterilization method described in Appendix 16, further comprising connecting the wand assembly to the backpack assembly.

[0171] Appendix 18. The adaptive sterilization method described in Appendix 16, further comprising connecting the wand assembly to the case assembly.

[0172] Note 19. A sterilization head including a UV lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light, A first adapter module, which is detachably connected to the sterilization head at a connecting interface, is configured to perform a first specific function related to the UV light irradiated by the UV lamp, The sterilization head includes a second adapter module, which is detachably connected at the connecting interface, and is configured to perform a second specific function different from the first specific function, related to the UV light irradiated by the UV lamp. The first adapter module and the second adapter module are interchangeable in relation to the sterilization head. The aforementioned connecting interface is common to both the first adapter module and the second adapter module, in an adaptive sterilization system.

[0173] Note 20. The adaptive sterilization system as described in Note 19, wherein the first specific function includes one of optical filtering, optical wavelength conversion, fluid sterilization, or object sterilization, and the second specific function includes another one of optical filtering, optical wavelength conversion, fluid sterilization, or object sterilization.

[0174] Note 21. An adapter module configured to be detachably connected to a sterilization head having a UV lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light, The sterilization head is provided with a shroud or frame configured to be detachably connected at the connecting interface, The system comprises an optical filter connected to the shroud or frame, The aforementioned light filter is an adapter module configured to filter the UV light emitted by the UV lamp.

[0175] Note 22. The adapter module is separate from the sterilization head, as described in Note 21.

[0176] Note 23. The adapter module described in Note 21 or 22, wherein the optical filter is a 230 nanometer low-pass filter.

[0177] Note 24. The optical filter is an adapter module as described in any of Notes 21 to 23, including a panel fixed to the shroud or frame.

[0178] Note 25. The adapter module according to any one of Notes 21 to 24, wherein the shroud or frame and the optical filter are made of the same optical filtering material.

[0179] Note 26. The optical filter is an adapter module made of silicon, as described in any of Notes 21 to 25.

[0180] Note 27. The adapter module according to Note 26, wherein the optical filter is configured to filter a predetermined wavelength of UV light by either having a metal coating, or by having an etching in a predetermined pattern, or both.

[0181] Note 28. The aforementioned coupling interface is common to the adapter module and to another adapter module different from the said adapter module, as described in any of Notes 21 to 27.

[0182] Note 29. Connect a light filter configured to filter the UV light emitted by the ultraviolet (UV) lamp to the shroud or frame, A method comprising providing an adapter module configured to be detachably connected at a connecting interface to a sterilization head having a UV lamp, through the aforementioned connection.

[0183] Note 30. The method according to Note 29, wherein the adapter module is separate from the sterilization head.

[0184] Note 31. The method according to Note 29 or 30, wherein the optical filter is a 230 nanometer low-pass filter.

[0185] Note 32. The method described above, including fixing the panel to the shroud or frame, as described in any of Notes 29 to 31.

[0186] Appendix 33. The method according to any one of the appendices 29 to 32, further comprising comprising the shroud or frame and the optical filter being made of the same optical filtering material.

[0187] Appendix 34. The method according to any one of the appendices 29 to 33, further comprising making the optical filter out of silicon.

[0188] Note 35. The optical filter is coated with a metal coating, The method according to Appendix 34, further comprising etching the optical filter with a predetermined pattern, or both of the above.

[0189] Note 36. The method according to any one of Notes 29 to 35, wherein the coupling interface is common to the adapter module and to another adapter module different from the said adapter module.

[0190] Note 37. A sterilization head including a UV lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light, The sterilization head is separate from the adapter module, which is detachably connected to the sterilization head, and the adapter module is In a connecting interface common to another adapter module different from the adapter module in question, a shroud or frame that is detachably connected to the sterilization head, Includes an optical filter connected to the shroud or frame, The aforementioned light filter is configured to filter the UV light emitted by the UV lamp in an adaptive sterilization system.

[0191] Note 38. The adaptive sterilization system described in Note 37, wherein the optical filter is a 230 nanometer low-pass filter.

[0192] Note 39. The adaptive sterilization system according to Note 37 or 38, wherein the light filter includes a panel fixed to the shroud or frame.

[0193] Appendix 40. The adaptive sterilization system according to any one of the appendices 37 to 39, wherein the optical filter is made of silicon and is configured to filter a predetermined wavelength of UV light by either having a metal coating or etching a predetermined pattern, or both.

[0194] Note 41. An adapter module configured to be detachably connected to a sterilization head having a UV lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light, The sterilization head is provided with a shroud that is detachably connected at the connecting interface, The shroud is provided with a fluid passage that allows fluid to communicate with the inlet and outlet, The fluid passage is configured such that fluid flows in from the inlet and is discharged from the outlet, and the UV lamp is configured to irradiate the inside of the fluid passage with UV light as the fluid passes through the fluid passage from the inlet to the outlet, in an adapter module.

[0195] Note 42. The adapter module as described in Note 41, wherein the fluid passage is defined by the inner surface of the shroud.

[0196] Note 43. The adapter module according to Note 41 or 42, wherein the inner surface of the shroud is a reflective surface.

[0197] Note 44. The fluid is a gas, as specified in any of Notes 41 to 43, for the adapter module.

[0198] Note 45. The gas is air, as specified in Note 44 for the adapter module.

[0199] Note 46. The fluid is a liquid, as described in any of the adapter modules in Notes 41 to 43.

[0200] Note 47. The adapter module described in Note 46, wherein the liquid is water.

[0201] Appendix 48. An adapter module according to any one of the appendices 41 to 47, further comprising a particle filter disposed inside the fluid passage.

[0202] Appendix 49. An adapter module according to any one of the appendices 41 to 48, further comprising an ozone filter disposed inside the fluid passage.

[0203] Note 50. An adapter module according to any one of Notes 41 to 49, further comprising one or more tubes inside the shroud, the one or more tubes defining the fluid passage.

[0204] Note 51. The adapter module described in Note 50, wherein the one or more tubes include a plurality of straight segments connected to one or more bends.

[0205] Note 52. The adapter module described in Note 50 or 51, wherein one or more of the tubes are made of glass.

[0206] Note 53. An adapter module according to any one of Notes 41 to 52, further comprising a blower located inside the shroud.

[0207] Note 54. The outlet is connected to a tube that leads to a breathing mask, and is an adapter module as described in any of Notes 41-45 or 48-54.

[0208] Appendix 55. An adapter module according to any one of Appendix 41-43 and 46-52, further comprising one or both of a valve and / or a pump near the inlet, wherein one or both of the valve and / or pump are configured to control the flow of fluid in the fluid passage.

[0209] Note 56. A method comprising providing a fluid passage within the shroud of an adapter module that has fluid communication between an inlet and an outlet, wherein fluid flows into the fluid passage from the inlet and is discharged from the outlet, and ultraviolet (UV) light is irradiated into the fluid passage as the fluid passes from the inlet to the outlet.

[0210] Note 57. A sterilization head including a UV lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light, The sterilization head is separate from the adapter module, which is detachably connected to the sterilization head, and the adapter module is The sterilization head is provided with a shroud or frame that is detachably connected at the connecting interface, The shroud includes a fluid passage that provides fluid communication between the inlet and outlet, An adaptive sterilization system comprising: a fluid passage configured such that fluid flows in from the inlet and is discharged from the outlet; and a UV lamp configured to irradiate the inside of the fluid passage with UV light as the fluid passes through the fluid passage from the inlet to the outlet.

[0211] Note 58. The adaptive sterilization system as described in Note 57, wherein the fluid passage is defined by the inner surface of the shroud, and the inner surface of the shroud is a reflective surface.

[0212] Note 59. The aforementioned adapter module is A particle filter disposed inside the fluid passage, The adaptive sterilization system according to Appendix 57 or 58, further comprising an ozone filter disposed inside the fluid passage.

[0213] Note 60. The adaptive sterilization system according to any one of Notes 57 to 59, wherein the adapter module includes one or more glass tubes inside the shroud, the one or more glass tubes defining the fluid passage, and the one or more glass tubes include a plurality of straight segments connected to one or more bends.

[0214] Note 61. The adaptive sterilization system according to any one of Notes 57 to 60, further comprising a blower located inside the shroud, wherein the adapter module further includes a blower.

[0215] Note 62. The adaptive sterilization system according to any one of Notes 57 to 61, wherein the adapter module further includes one or both of a valve and / or a pump near the inlet, and one or both of the valve and / or pump are configured to control the flow of fluid in the fluid passage.

[0216] As described herein, the embodiments of this disclosure provide systems and methods for adapting UV sterilization systems. Furthermore, the embodiments of this disclosure provide UV sterilization systems and methods adaptable to a variety of different applications.

[0217] For the purposes of describing the embodiments of this disclosure, various spatial and directional terms such as top, bottom, underside, center, side, horizontal, vertical, and front have been used, but these terms are merely used in reference to the orientations shown in the drawings. These orientations can be reversed, rotated, or otherwise changed, in which case the top side becomes the bottom side, or vice versa, and the horizontal direction becomes the vertical direction, or vice versa.

[0218] In this specification, a structure, limitation, or element "configured to perform a certain process or operation" is one that has been specifically structurally formed, configured, or adapted to correspond to such process or operation. For the sake of clarity and to avoid any doubt, anything that can merely be modified to perform such process or operation is not considered "configured" to perform such process or operation.

[0219] The above descriptions are illustrative and not intended to be limiting. For example, the above embodiments (and / or embodiments thereof) can be used in combination with each other. In addition, many modifications are possible to adapt the teachings of these embodiments to specific situations or materials without departing from the scope of the various embodiments of this disclosure. The dimensions and material types described herein are for the purpose of clarifying the parameters in the various embodiments of this disclosure, and these embodiments are not limiting but merely illustrative. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the above descriptions. Therefore, the scope of the various embodiments of this disclosure should be determined by referring to the appended claims in conjunction with the equivalent scopes found therein. The terms “including” and “in which” as used in the appended claims and the detailed description herein are general English expressions that have the same meaning as “comprising” and “wherein,” respectively. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are used merely as distinguishing markers and do not impose any numerical requirements on the objects referred to by them.

[0220] This specification discloses, by example, various embodiments, including the best mode, and enables a person skilled in the art to implement various embodiments of the disclosure, including the fabrication and use of any apparatus or system, and the execution of the incorporated methods. The patentable scope of various embodiments of the disclosure is defined by the claims and may include other embodiments that a person skilled in the art may conceive. Such other embodiments should be considered to be included in the claims if they have components identical to the language of the claims, or if they contain equivalent components that differ only non-essentially from the language of the claims.

Claims

1. a germicidal head including an ultraviolet (UV) lamp configured to emit UV light; one or more adapter modules adapted to be removably connected to the sterilization head at a coupling interface; The one or more adapter modules are configured to provide a given function related to the UV light emitted by the UV lamp.

2. 10. The adaptive sterilization system of claim 1, wherein the function includes one of light filtering, light wavelength conversion, sterilization of a fluid, or sterilization of an object.

3. The one or more adapter modules: a first adapter module configured to perform a first specific function; 2. The adaptive disinfection system of claim 1, further comprising: a second adapter module configured to perform a second specific function different from the first specific function.

4. 4. The adaptive sterilization system of claim 3, wherein the first adapter module and the second adapter module are interchangeable in relationship to the sterilization head.

5. 4. The adaptive sterilization system of claim 3, wherein the first specific function comprises one of light filtering, light wavelength conversion, sterilization of a fluid, or sterilization of an object, and the second specific function comprises another one of light filtering, light wavelength conversion, sterilization of a fluid, or sterilization of an object.

6. 4. The adaptive sterilization system of claim 3, wherein the connection interface is common to the first adapter module and the second adapter module.

7. 7. The adaptive disinfection system of any preceding claim, further comprising a wand assembly including the disinfection head.

8. 8. The adaptive sterilization system of claim 7, wherein the wand assembly is connected to a backpack assembly.

9. 8. The adaptive sterilization system of claim 7, wherein the wand assembly is connected to a case assembly.

10. 1. A method of adaptive sterilization comprising removably connecting one or more adapter modules at a coupling interface to a germicidal head including an ultraviolet (UV) lamp configured to emit UV light, the one or more adapter modules configured to provide functionality related to the UV light emitted by the UV lamp.

11. a germicidal head including an ultraviolet (UV) lamp configured to emit UV light; a first adapter module removably connected to the germicidal head at a coupling interface, the first adapter module configured to perform a first specific function related to UV light emitted by the UV lamp; a second adapter module removably connected to the germicidal head at the connection interface, the second adapter module configured to perform a second specific function related to UV light emitted by the UV lamp, the second adapter module being different from the first specific function; the first adapter module and the second adapter module are interchangeable in relationship to the sterilization head; The adaptive sterilization system, wherein the connection interface is common to the first adapter module and the second adapter module.

12. 1. An adapter module adapted to be removably connected to a germicidal head having an ultraviolet (UV) lamp configured to emit ultraviolet (UV) light, a shroud or frame adapted to be removably connected to the sterilization head at a coupling interface; an optical filter connected to the shroud or frame; The adapter module, wherein the light filter is configured to filter UV light emitted by the UV lamp.

13. 13. The adapter module of claim 12, wherein the adapter module is separate from the disinfection head.

14. The adapter module of claim 12 , wherein the optical filter is a 230 nanometer low pass filter.

15. The adapter module of claim 12 , wherein the optical filter comprises a panel secured to the shroud or frame.

16. The adapter module of claim 12 , wherein the shroud or frame and the optical filter are constructed from the same optical filtering material.

17. The adapter module of claim 12 , wherein the optical filter is made of silicon.

18. 20. The adapter module of claim 17, wherein the light filter is metallized and / or etched in a predetermined pattern and configured to filter out predetermined wavelengths of the UV light.

19. The adapter module according to any one of claims 12 to 18, wherein the connection interface is common to the adapter module and another adapter module different from the adapter module.

20. connecting an optical filter to the shroud or frame, the optical filter being configured to filter ultraviolet (UV) light emitted by the UV lamp; and providing an adapter module configured to be removably connected at a coupling interface to a germicidal head having the UV lamp by said connection.

21. a germicidal head including an ultraviolet (UV) lamp configured to emit UV light; a first adapter module separate from the sterilization head and removably connectable to the sterilization head, the first adapter module comprising: a shroud or frame removably connected to the sterilization head at a connection interface common to a second adapter module different from the first adapter module and the second adapter module; an optical filter connected to the shroud or frame; The adaptive germicidal system, wherein the light filter is configured to filter UV light emitted by the UV lamp.

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