Drum can pallet, fastening member, conveyance system, and method of using the same

Abstract

To provide a drum can pallet, a fastening member, a pallet system, a conveying method and the like that are suitable for conveying a drum can.SOLUTION: There is provided a drum can pallet that lies along a shape of a drum can thereof. Provided is a method of conveying the drum can pallet on which the drum can is placed, in a suitable state. The drum can pallet is provided with at least three leg parts, a base board, and a support pad. A fastening member for constraining a plurality of drum cans can be further included. There is provided a pallet system that is extremely effective for recycling and reusing.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to pallets, fasteners, transport systems, and methods of using same for drums. The present disclosure relates to reuse, recycling, and the like. [Background technology]

[0002] A drum can generally refers to a cylindrical container of 18 L to 400 L, whose main material is metal. Drum cans are generally classified into three types: 200 L cans, small and medium-sized cans, and pail cans. A commonly used 200 L can has an outer diameter of 585 mm and a height of 890 mm (see, for example, JIS Z 1601). Such drum cans are generally transported on plastic or wooden pallets (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] In recent years, the three R's of reduce, reuse, and recycle have been emphasized from the perspective of the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). Steel drums can be reused. However, for plastic pallets or wooden pallets on which drums are placed, pallets made for repeated use (reusable pallets) can be used between businesses that have a continuous business relationship, because the return and collection of pallets can be systemized. However, it is difficult to build a similar system between businesses that do not have a continuous business relationship or for long-distance delivery, etc., and one-way pallets are often used due to the cost of return and collection. One-way pallets are often not reusable due to issues with standards and quality, and most of them are discharged as waste from the place where the packaging is unpacked after the cargo is brought in (such as a logistics facility or the business to which the cargo is delivered). This makes the disposal of pallets a problem.

[0004] Up until now, pallets such as plastic pallets and wooden pallets have been used that are low and rectangular, with gaps through which forks can be inserted. Such pallets are preferable because they can be easily and inexpensively assembled and manufactured. However, they do not match well with cylindrical shapes such as drums in appearance. On the other hand, drums placed on a rectangular pallet are placed side by side so as to match the rectangle (for example, Patent Document 2). In this state, they are loaded and transported in trucks, trailers, containers, etc. that have a rectangular (or rectangular parallelepiped) internal volume. At this time, a rectangular pallet is easily matched with a rectangular internal volume and is thought to have excellent filling efficiency, but it cannot necessarily be said that drums can be loaded sufficiently. In addition, rectangular plastic pallets, wooden pallets, etc. may have restrictions on the insertion direction of the forks, either vertically or horizontally.

[0005] Furthermore, drums generally have edges called chimes that protrude beyond the base or top plate, making the contact area with the surface on which the drum is placed small. This makes the drums slippery on hard surfaces. Although drums have the advantage of being easily moved laterally, when they are transported on plastic or wooden pallets, they need to be secured to the surface by a separate member (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 3).

[0006] By the way, marine containers used for marine transport are determined by international standards (ISO standards) according to their functions and shapes. The most widely used are 20-foot or 40-foot containers, which may have internal dimensions of, for example, 5,867 mm length x 2,352 mm width x 2,385 mm height. Therefore, when lining up drums widthwise, it is practically very difficult to line up four drums, and in practice only three drums can be lined up.

[0007] Also, reusable pallet devices and reusable pallet recycling systems have been proposed (for example, Patent Documents 4 and 5). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-265055 [Patent Document 2] Patent Publication No. 2001-130571 [Patent Document 3] JP 2010-132330 A [Patent Document 4] JP 2004-75185 A [Patent Document 5] JP 2006-248745 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] However, it is not necessarily desirable to uniformly reuse or recycle all the components of a drum pallet. It is considered that there is a mixture of components that require strength and components that are suitable for recycling. It is also desirable to increase the efficiency of filling drums. It is also desirable to consider drum pallets and methods of mounting drum pallets that are more compatible with containers that are standardized and used worldwide. In some cases, it is desirable to prevent the drums from sliding sideways relative to the surface on which they are placed. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] In view of the above-mentioned problems, in the embodiments of the present application, a distinction is made between parts suitable for reuse and parts suitable for disposal, the parts suitable for reuse are made to have high durability, and the parts suitable for disposal are made of materials with low environmental impact, and the shape and structure can be changed to facilitate reuse and recycling. In addition, for parts suitable for reuse, material and structural improvements can be made to improve durability. On the other hand, for parts suitable for disposal, material and structural improvements can be made to make disposal easier. Furthermore, a transport system and a transport method can be provided that use these to reduce the environmental impact of logistics.

[0011] Specifically, the following is provided: A drum pallet on which multiple drums can be placed vertically, the drum pallet comprising at least three legs spaced apart from a surface on which the pallet is placed, a baseboard for placing the legs at predetermined positions, and a support pad provided on the baseboard for supporting at least a portion of the weight of each drum; The support pads are provided on the base board so that the support pads can come into contact with the bottom surface of each drum other than the outer periphery thereof, and so that, for the drums supported by the support pads, two adjacent drums can be brought into close proximity to each other while being capable of restricting their positional relationship, and one other drum can be placed into close proximity to the recess defined by the two adjacent drums while being capable of being restricted; A pallet for drums, wherein each of the at least three legs is capable of supporting a main weight of the two drums lined up next to each other and the other drum. (1) A drum pallet capable of carrying multiple drums vertically, At least three feet spaced apart from the surface on which the pallet rests; A base board for placing the legs in a predetermined position; A support pad provided on the baseboard for supporting at least a portion of the weight of each drum; Equipped with The support pad is capable of contacting the bottom surface of each drum other than the outer peripheral edge portion, The support pads each support a drum, Two drums are placed side by side and are close enough to each other that their relative positions can be restricted. Another drum can be inserted into the recess defined by the two drums arranged side by side in a restrainable manner in close proximity to the recess. provided on the baseboard, each of the at least three legs is capable of supporting a major weight of the two drums arranged side by side and the other drum; the baseboard and the support pad are constructed from recyclable materials; A drum pallet, wherein the legs can be separated from the base board and reused. Drums are usually placed vertically with the circular bottom or top surface of the right cylindrical shape facing / in contact with the surface on which the drum is placed, or horizontally with the curved side surface of the right cylindrical shape facing / in contact with the surface on which the drum is placed. The predetermined interval may be an interval at which an insertion tool (e.g., forks, etc.) of a forklift or the like can be inserted. The predetermined position may include the positions described below. Here, recyclable materials may include, for example, paper such as cardboard. Paper is defined as "a material made by agglutinating plant and other fibers. In a broad sense, it includes synthetic paper made using synthetic polymers as a material, as well as paper mixed with fibrous inorganic materials." For example, it may include "a material made by dispersing fibers in water, filtering them thinly and flat, and dehydrating and drying them." Here, recycling may mean recycling unnecessary items or by-products as resources. For example, it may include making recycled paper from raw materials including paper waste. In a broad sense, it may also include items that are relatively easy to dispose of. It may be made of paper. Reuse may mean repeated reuse. It is preferable that the legs are reusable. It is preferable that they are reusable. For example, it is preferable that they are made of a durable material. For example, it may be made of resin such as polypropylene. The resin may be either natural resin or synthetic resin. It may also be made of wood, metal, or inorganic compounds. It may also be a composite material containing any of these. The load of the drums placed on the drum pallet described above is mainly supported by the legs. Therefore, it is not necessary for the baseboard to support the load in a cantilever manner. In a load-bearing system provided by a plurality of legs, the plurality of legs are arranged and configured as a whole so that the load consisting of the weight of all the drums can be stably received so that the drums do not fall over. For example, at least one leg arranged under the support pad may be arranged under or directly under the center of gravity of the drums above it. For example, the same number of legs as the number of drums may be provided, and each leg may be arranged under or directly under the center of gravity of each drum. In addition, one more leg may be provided under the composite center of gravity of all the drums. In addition, although the baseboard does not need to bear the load in a cantilever manner, it is preferable that it can withstand a certain degree of tension (within the plane of the board) or compression (within the plane of the board). If the drums are shaken due to vibration or the like, the position of the center of gravity may be shifted. In addition, since drums are used to store liquid or fluid materials, it is expected that there will be little weight imbalance (at the bottom, etc.). However, there may be some shaking due to vibration, etc. It is desirable to optimize the number and arrangement of legs, etc., taking these dynamic fluctuations into account. At least three legs are required in order to stably hold the object placed on it. It is generally believed that the greater the number, the greater the stability. However, since it is necessary to secure space and passages for inserting the forks, it is preferable not to have too many. The spacing between the forks may be selected as appropriate. Also, the forks do not have to be inserted in only one direction as in the case of a rectangular pallet. The forks may be inserted at multiple and wide range of angles. (2) Any of the above drum pallets, wherein the base board is a plate-shaped board connecting at least three legs. (3) Any of the above drum pallets, wherein the baseboard has the shape of a collection of three circles of substantially the same diameter that roughly circumscribe each other when viewed from above. The baseboard and support pad are constructed from recyclable materials and the legs may be detachable from the baseboard and reusable. (4) Any of the above drum pallets, wherein at least one of the legs is positioned on a baseboard portion having the support pad thereon. (5) Any of the above drum pallets, wherein the legs include combination leg members. (6) Any of the above drum pallets, characterized in that in the shape of a collection of three circles, the legs are located on a line passing through the center of one of the circles and the center of gravity of a triangle connecting the centers of the circles, at a position outside the center. The triangle may be a two-dimensional imaginary one, and may simply mean a shape that can be drawn. The center of gravity may mean a location that corresponds to the position of the center of gravity that is generally said in the two-dimensional triangle. One circle may mean at least one of the three circles mentioned above. (7) Any of the drum pallets described above; and A fastening member capable of mutually restraining a plurality of drums to be placed; A drum pallet system comprising: The fastening member may include a fixed lid and / or a stop member. The fastening member may also include a threaded rod including a fixed lid and / or a stop member and a rod. It may further include a tightening nut and a locking portion. The fastening member may be capable of directly or indirectly abutting at least a portion of the top surface of the drum to be loaded and holding the drum. (8) Any of the above drum pallet systems further including a drum pallet capable of carrying one or two drums. (9) A container containing multiple drums mounted on any of the drum pallets described above. (10) A method for transporting drums, comprising storing a plurality of drums in a container using any one of the drum pallets described above. (11) Any of the above-mentioned drum transport methods, characterized in that drums placed on a drum pallet are stored in the container in such a manner that a recess formed by two adjacent drums fits closely into another drum. (12) A fastening member used in any one of the drum can pallets described above, A hub portion, Arms extending radially in three directions from the hub portion; A fastening member having a hook portion that can engage with the outer peripheral edge portion of a drum. (13) Using any of the drum pallets described above, A method of transporting drums placed on the drum pallet, in which a recess formed by two adjacent drums is filled with another drum adjacent to the recess. (14) Any of the above-mentioned transportation methods, characterized in that the drums placed on the drum pallet are loaded onto a vehicle. (15) A method for reusing and recycling a pallet using any of the drum pallets described above, wherein the baseboard and support pad are made of recyclable materials and the legs are reusable by separating them from the baseboard, and the baseboard and support pad are recycled and the legs are reused. (16) A fastening member used in any one of the drum can pallets described above, A fixed cover and / or stopper; Rod and A fastening nut; A fastening member comprising:

[0012] It can also be written as follows: (1) A drum pallet capable of carrying multiple drums vertically, At least three feet spaced apart from the surface on which the pallet rests; A base board for placing the legs in a predetermined position; A support pad provided on the baseboard for supporting at least a portion of the weight of each drum; Equipped with The support pad is capable of contacting the bottom surface of each drum other than the outer peripheral edge portion, The support pads each support a drum, Two drums are placed side by side and are close enough to each other that their relative positions can be restricted. Another drum can be inserted into the recess defined by the two drums arranged side by side in a restrainable manner in close proximity to the recess. provided on the baseboard, A pallet for drums, wherein each of the at least three legs is capable of supporting a main weight of the two drums lined up next to each other and the other drum. (2) The drum pallet described in (1) above, wherein the base board is a plate-shaped board connecting the at least three legs. (3) The base board has a shape of an aggregate of three circles of substantially the same diameter that are approximately circumscribed to each other when viewed from above, the baseboard and the support pad are constructed from recyclable materials; The drum pallet according to (1) above, wherein the legs can be separated from the base board and reused. (4) A drum pallet according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein at least one of the legs is positioned on a baseboard portion having the support pad thereon. (5) A drum pallet according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein the legs include combination leg members. (6) The drum pallet described in (3) above, characterized in that in the aggregate shape of the three circles, the legs are positioned on a line passing through the center of gravity of a triangle connecting the centers of each circle and the center of one of the circles, at a position outside the center. (7) A drum pallet according to any one of (1) to (6) above; A fastening member capable of mutually restraining a plurality of drums to be placed; A drum pallet system comprising: (8) The drum pallet system according to (7) above, further comprising a drum pallet capable of carrying one or two drums. (9) A container containing multiple drums placed on a drum pallet described in any one of (1) to (6) above. (10) A method for transporting drums, comprising storing a plurality of drums in a container using a drum pallet according to any one of (1) to (6) above. (11) A method for transporting drums as described in (10) above, characterized in that drums placed on the drum pallet are stored in the container in such a manner that another drum fits closely into a recess formed by two adjacent drums. (12) A fastening member used for the drum can pallet according to any one of (1) to (6) above, A hub portion, Arms extending radially in three directions from the hub portion; A fastening member having a hook portion that can engage with the outer peripheral edge portion of a drum. (13) Using the drum pallet described in any one of (1) to (6) above, A method of transporting drums placed on the drum pallet, in which a recess formed by two adjacent drums is filled with another drum adjacent to the recess. (14) The transportation method according to (13) above, characterized in that the drums placed on the drum pallet are loaded onto a vehicle. (15) A pallet using a drum pallet according to any one of (1) to (6) above, The baseboard and support pad are constructed from recyclable materials; The legs can be separated from the baseboard and reused. Recycling the baseboards and the support pads; A method for reusing and recycling the leg portion. (16) A fastening member used for the drum pallet according to any one of (1) to (6) above, A fixed cover and / or stopper; Rod and A fastening nut; A fastening member comprising:

[0013] Here, corrugated board generally refers to a board-shaped paper product that is made strong by multi-layering paperboard and processed so that it can be used as packaging and packing materials. Also, corrugated board is the name for a structure in which flat paper (liner) and corrugated paper (medium) are glued together. Depending on the number of liners and media, it is classified as single-sided, double-sided, and multi-sided. In the narrow sense, corrugated board refers to this corrugated board sheet, and the original corrugated board was also this. It is the material for various corrugated board products, and is a sheet (board) type in which a fluted (corrugated) core is attached to the liner and the back side is reinforced with a liner. (The above is from Wikipedia) Also, corrugated board sheets can be used by stacking two or more sheets. In order to obtain the necessary strength, the appropriate thickness may be ensured.

[0014] The main surfaces of the member such as the base boat may be the upper surface and the lower surface. The space provided by the leg member or the like may be provided so that an insert member, for example, the forks of a forklift, can be inserted. For example, the above-mentioned space may be about 100 mm or more from (the bottom surface of the leg member or) the floor. It may be 120 mm or more. It may be 150 mm or more. If it is too low, the insert member cannot be inserted, and if it is too high, the height of the pallet alone or the pallet with the load mounted thereon may be too high. It may not be appropriate to place it in a container with a limited internal height. The leg member may include a spacer portion having a space-maintaining function and a support surface that receives a load from the flat plate portion. The spacer portion can support the load of the stacked tiles and the like to maintain the space. In addition, the support surface can receive the load by contacting at least a part of the lower surface of the flat plate portion. The leg member may be molded as a single unit including the spacer portion and the support surface. In addition, the support surface and the lower surface may be bonded with an adhesive or the like at the contact surface between the support surface and the lower surface. The adhesive force may be a force capable of supporting the weight of the leg member itself. For example, a commercially available adhesive (which may include various adhesives such as inorganic adhesives, organic adhesives, water-dispersed adhesives, solution-based adhesives, solvent-free adhesives, solid adhesives, etc.) may be used. The adhesive strength may be such that the pallet can maintain its own weight when lifted from the bottom surface of the flat plate portion with a fork or the like. When the flat plate portion is made of a recyclable material such as cardboard, the adhesive strength is preferably such that the pallet can be easily peeled off after use. For example, the adhesive may be such as hot melt that melts at high temperatures and loses almost all adhesive strength. Apart from adhesion, mechanical joining may be used. For example, clamps may be used, or a detachable material such as hook-and-loop fastener may be used. The material for molding may be, for example, synthetic resin such as plastic, fiber-reinforced synthetic resin, etc. It is preferable that the leg members are made of a recyclable or reusable material. The leg members may be peeled off from the flat plate portion and made reusable. The leg members may be arranged around the flat plate portion in a well-balanced manner. It is preferable that at least four leg members are arranged to support the plane. For example, they may be arranged near the four corners of the rectangular flat plate portion.In addition, in the case of a pallet for laying two tiles side by side flat, each tile may be provided with one leg member approximately in the center of the longitudinal direction. These leg members are preferably of the same shape. For example, they may be classified into two types of shapes. Fewer types of shapes will facilitate manufacturing. Effect of the Invention

[0015] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a pallet, fastening members, conveying system, and method of using the same for drums as described above, thereby reducing waste and lowering the environmental burden. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a drum pallet in an embodiment of the present application. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a bottom perspective view of the drum pallet of FIG. 1. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion of the drum pallet of FIG. 1 where a leg member is attached. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion of the drum pallet of FIG. 1 where a leg member is attached. [Figure 5A] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a leg member constituting a leg of the drum pallet of FIG. 1. [Figure 5B] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the force decomposition of a load on a leg member according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a lid member constituting a leg portion of the drum pallet in FIG. 1. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a lid member constituting a leg portion of the drum pallet in FIG. 1. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of another drum pallet in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing the attachment positions of leg members of a drum pallet in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 10]FIG. 2 is a perspective view of another drum pallet in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of another drum pallet in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 12] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing how leg members are attached to a drum pallet according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 13] FIG. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a side view of a drum (including a partial cross-sectional view showing a protruding portion at the end of the top surface). [Figure 15A] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing how a hand fork is applied to a drum can pallet loaded with drums in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 15B] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating the insertion state of forks using a bottom view of a pallet when a hand lift is applied to a drum pallet in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 15C] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing how the drums are loaded onto a drum pallet and secured with fixed lids in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 15D] FIG. 2 is a side view, partially broken away and transparent, showing how the drums are loaded onto a drum pallet and secured with fixed lids in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 15E] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a fixed lid of a drum in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 15F] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a fastening member for fastening a fixed lid of a drum in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 15G] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of a drum pallet in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 15H] FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing another embodiment of a drum pallet in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16A] FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a joint that is fastened using the upper end of a drum in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16B] FIG. 13 is a partial perspective view of another joint that is fastened using the upper end of a drum in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16C] FIG. 13 is an exploded cross-sectional view (partially a side view) of another joint that is fastened using the upper end of a drum in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16D] FIG. 13 is a partial top view of another joint that is fastened using the upper end of a drum in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16E] FIG. 13 is a partial perspective view of another joint that is fastened using the upper end of a drum in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16F] FIG. 13 is a partial perspective view of another joint that is fastened using the upper end of a drum in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16G] FIG. 13 is a partial perspective view of another joint that is fastened using the upper end of a drum in an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 17] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a commonly used container. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 is a top view with a transparent container roof showing a group of drum pallets loaded with drums housed within the container. [Figure 19] FIG. 1 is a top view showing the closest-packed state using circles that resemble drums. [Figure 20] FIG. 2 is a top view showing a normal loading state using circles that resemble drums. [Figure 21] FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a flat plate portion that is a material for a baseboard that can be used to construct a drum pallet according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 22] FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a flat plate portion that is a material for a baseboard that can be used to construct a drum pallet according to an embodiment of the present application. [Diagram 23] This is a schematic diagram illustrating a system for managing recycled pallets from the drum collection site to the drum use site. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0017] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, components and corresponding parts having the same configuration or function are given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted. In addition, the following description merely shows examples of the embodiment of the present invention, and can be appropriately modified based on the technical common sense of those skilled in the art without exceeding the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these specific examples. In addition, these drawings are shown with emphasis for the purpose of explanation, and may differ from the actual dimensions. EXAMPLES

[0018] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a pallet according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the pallet as viewed from the bottom. Such a drum pallet 10 includes a baseboard 12 having a trefoil pattern when viewed from above, disk-shaped support pads 14 at the positions of the three leaves, and four legs 19 at four positions on the bottom side of the baseboard 12 that are approximately rotationally symmetrical. The baseboard 12 and the support pads 14 may be made of a recyclable material such as cardboard. A leg mounting opening 16 is provided around the center of the baseboard 12 and each support pad 14. The legs 19 can receive a load from the baseboard 12 via a leg support plate 18. The mounting specifications, method, etc. will be described later. The legs 19 may be made of a reusable material. They may also be made of a recyclable material. Typically, resin, engineering plastic, etc. may be used. The legs 19 and / or the leg support plate 18 are removable from the baseboard 12, etc. The support pad 14 may be configured to be detachable. The support pad 14 may come into contact with the bottom surface of the drum can placed thereon and bear the load of the drum can.

[0019] 3 and 4 show side cross-sectional views of an assembled combination leg member 20' in which the top of another leg member 20 is inserted into the bottom opening 34 of the leg member 20, which is a component of the leg section 19, and the leg members 20 and 20 overlap to form a leg. The inserting leg member 20 and the inserted leg member 20 may have the same shape or different shapes. For example, the height of the inserting leg member 20 may be relatively low. The partially internally threaded portion 32 of the thin-walled cylindrical portion 30 of the inserting leg member 20 is screwed into the threaded portion 44 of the common cover member 40 that is screwed into the corresponding partially internally threaded portion 32 of the inserted leg member 20 (see FIGS. 6 and 7). In this way, the assembled leg member 20' consisting of the leg members 20 and 20 is integrated, but the load as described above is transmitted from the inner surface 24 of the inserted leg member 20 through the outer surface 22 of the inserting leg member 20 that is in contact with it, and is supported and transmitted to the side wall of the inserting leg member 20. The load is transferred from the bottom surface of the inserting leg member 20 to the installation surface (the surface on which the pallet is placed), and the installation surface supports the weight of the drum pallet 10 including the loaded items. Each leg member 20 has a thin-walled hollow right circular truncated cone shape, and is provided with a circular ring-shaped installation surface 26 at the top of the truncated cone and a thin-walled cylindrical portion 30 that stands substantially vertically on the inner ring portion, and the top end has a circular ring shape (FIG. 5A). The load described above may also be transferred from the lower surface of the circular ring portion that constitutes the installation surface 26 of the inserted leg member 20 to the top end of the thin-walled cylindrical portion 30 of the inserting leg member 20. As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, these are substantially in contact. In the combined leg member 20', the height of the inserting leg member 20 may be such that the bottom surface of the ring member 36 of the inserted leg member 20 does not abut the upper surface of the ring member 36 of the inserting leg member 20. The weight of the drum pallet 10 on which the objects are placed may cause the objects to deform and come into contact with each other. Also, a gap 27 may be present.

[0020] Also, the thin-walled cylindrical portion 30 of the leg member 20 is inserted into the opening of the leg support plate 18 and the opening of the base board 12, and is placed on the mounting surface 26 in this order, and the partially internally threaded portion 32 of the thin-walled cylindrical portion 30 is screwed into the lid member 40 in a cross-sectional view. The leg support plate 18 and the base board 12 are sandwiched between the head 42 of the lid member 40 and the mounting surface 26. In this case, other elements such as adhesives or fastening members are not required. This is because the frictional force and sandwiching force between the outer circumferential surface of the thin-walled cylindrical portion 30 and the opening and the side surface of the opening are sufficient to hold the leg member 20 (and the lid member 40). However, an adhesive can be used as an auxiliary. The bottom surface of the bottom opening of the leg member 20 contacts the mounting surface (the surface on which the pallet 10 is placed) and supports the load of the object (such as a drum) placed on the leg member 20 and the base board 12. The cover member 40 is mainly composed of a head 42 and a screw portion 44. The screw portion 44 is screwed into a partially internally threaded portion of a thin-walled cylindrical portion that extends in the same direction around the conical axis at the upper opening of the leg member 20. The upper surface of the head 42 is provided with two annular convex portions spaced apart in a substantially concentric manner. The load of an object placed on the base board 12 of the pallet 10 is transmitted to the mounting surface 26 via the base board 12 and the leg support plate 18. This load is supported and transmitted to the side wall defined by the outer surface 22 and the inner surface 24 of the leg member 20, and transmitted from the bottom surface to the installation surface, and the installation surface supports the weight of the pallet 10 including the object. The load may also be transmitted from the lower surface of the annular portion that constitutes the mounting surface 26 of the inserted leg member 20 to the top end of the thin-walled cylindrical portion 30 of the inserting leg member 20. A ring member 36 is provided on the outer periphery of the bottom opening of the leg member 20, and together they constitute the bottom surface.

[0021] FIG. 1 shows a side cross-sectional view of an assembled combination leg member in which the top of another leg member 20 is inserted into the bottom opening of the leg member 20, and the leg members 20 and 20 overlap to form a combined leg member 30'. The inserting leg member 20 can be said to be substantially the same shape. The partially internally threaded portion 32 of the thin-walled cylindrical portion 30 of the inserting leg member 20 is screwed into the threaded portion 44 of the common cover member 40 that is screwed into the corresponding partially internally threaded portion 32 of the inserted leg member 20. In this way, the combined leg member consisting of the leg members 20 and 20 is integrated, but the load as described above is transmitted from the inner surface 24 of the inserted leg member 20 through the outer surface 22 of the inserting leg member 20 that is in contact with it, and is supported and transmitted to the side wall of the inserting leg member 20. It may also be transmitted from the lower surface of the annular portion that constitutes the mounting surface 26 of the inserted leg member 20 to the top end of the thin-walled cylindrical portion 30 of the inserting leg member 20. The load is then transmitted from the bottom surface of the insertion leg member 20 to the installation surface, and the installation surface supports the weight of the pallet 10 including the object to be placed. At this time, the height of the insertion leg member 20 may be such that the bottom surface of the ring member 36 of the inserted leg member 20 does not come into contact with the upper surface of the ring member 36 of the insertion leg member 20. It may deform and come into contact due to the weight of the pallet 10 on which the object is placed. There may also be a gap. However, this gap is preferably 20 mm or less. Preferably 15 mm or less. It may be 10 mm or less.

[0022] 5A shows in more detail the configuration of the leg member 20, which is a component of the leg 19 that can constitute a drum pallet, in a cross-sectional view according to one embodiment of the present invention. As described above, the leg member 20 may be combined with another leg member 20 to form a leg member 20', or may form the leg 19 alone. The leg member 20 is based on a thin-walled hollow truncated right circular cone shape, and includes a bottom opening 34 at the bottom, an annular mounting surface 26 at the top of the truncated cone, a thin-walled cylindrical portion 30 that stands substantially vertically on its inner ring, and an upper opening 31 that is an opening of the bottom opening, an inclined outer side surface 22, an inclined inner side surface 24, an annular mounting surface 26 at the upper opening, a thin-walled cylindrical portion 30 at the inner ring of the mounting surface, and an annular ring member 36 at the bottom opening 34. The bottom opening 34 has an inner diameter D4, the inner diameter of the frustum top has a diameter D2, the inclination angle of the outer surface 22 is α degrees with respect to the axis of the cone, and the inclination angle of the inner surface 24 is β degrees with respect to the axis of the cone. The inner diameter of the annular mounting surface 26 is D1, and the outer diameter is D3. Therefore, the area of ​​the mounting surface 26 is π[(D3 / 2)^2-(D1 / 2)^2]. The thin-walled cylindrical portion 30 has a partial female thread portion 32 with multiple protrusions on the inside of the cylindrical shape. These protrusions are formed by partially breaking the spiral recess that constitutes the female thread. A compatible male thread is screwed into this portion, and the leg member 20 can be fixed. The inner diameter of the ring member 36 is D5, and the outer diameter is D6. The height of the hollow portion of the hollow leg member 20 is H1, and the height of the leg member 20 including the thin-walled cylindrical portion 30 is H2. In order to satisfy the above-mentioned relationships, it is preferable that these dimensions have certain rules.

[0023] The basic shape of the leg member 20 can be roughly defined by the inner diameter D4 of the bottom or large diameter part, the outer inclination angle α≧the inner inclination angle β, the thickness t, and the inner height H1. Here, the thickness t may be the same as the height H4 of the central annular part of the small diameter part. It can also be obtained by multiplying the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter at the same height by the cosine of the inclination angle. That is, the height from the bottom surface is y, and the difference between the outer diameter Dout(y) and the inner diameter Din(y) at a certain height H(y) may be multiplied by cos(α(≧β)) (t=(Dout(y)-Din(y))×cos(α or β)). Here, it is preferable that α=β. α>β may be satisfied. α≦1.1×β may be satisfied. The annular ring member 36 may be a separate part (which may include an O-ring-like hoop, etc.) that fits the annular ring to the base of the hollow truncated cone, or may be molded integrally. Its characteristic dimensions are the outer diameter D6 and the thickness (or height) H3.

[0024] The leg members 20 constituting the drum can pallet have a function of holding a space into which the claws (forks) of a forklift or the like can be inserted. Therefore, it is preferable that the height (for example, H1) is such that the claws can be inserted. Specifically, H1≧50mm is preferable. H1≧70mm is preferable. H1≧80mm is preferable. H1≧100mm is preferable. On the other hand, it is not preferable that the height is unnecessarily too high, since this reduces the loadable weight. For example, H1≦700mm is preferable. H1≦500mm is preferable. H1≦300mm is preferable. H1≦200mm may be acceptable. For example, in a commercially available hand lift, the lift height is approximately 60mm to 200mm, the fork length is approximately 1000mm to 1200mm, the fork width is approximately 150mm to 200mm, and the claw spacing is approximately 190mm to 230mm. For example, in the case of a pallet as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, it can be seen that when the central leg 19 enters between the forks (between the claws), it is easy to stably lift up three drums placed thereon. Since the distance between the legs 19 arranged under two drums is typically the diameter of the drums + α (gap, etc.), the central leg 19 and the leg 19 under one drum may enter between the forks. In such a case, the distance between the forks + the width of the two forks is typically considered to be 400 to 500 mm, so that the forks can be inserted with 120 degree rotational symmetry as shown in FIG. 15B. In this way, there is a large degree of freedom in the insertion direction. Also, as discussed in FIG. 9, it is possible to roughly simulate the state in which the forks are inserted when the positions of the legs are shifted.

[0025] The outer diameter D5 or D6 or the inner diameter D4, which corresponds to the thickness of the leg member 20 constituting the assembled pallet, which is a pallet for drums, affects the load-bearing performance of the leg member 20. The thickness t may be determined by D4, D5, and H3, as well as β (or α). For example, t may be (D5-D4+2×H3·tan(β)) / 2·cos(α or β). If α=β=5 degrees, H3=5 mm, D4=100 mm, and D5=106 mm, t may be 3.4 mm. For example, the compressive strength of polypropylene is about 40 MPa, so this leg member 20 may be crushed by about 1 ton. If the diameter is doubled while the inclination angle α (and β) and the thickness t are constant, the supporting area is doubled, and the load-bearing performance is improved. However, in order to maintain the insertion space for the claws (forks) of a forklift or the like, if the diameter is too large, the function as a loading pallet may be reduced. Specifically, D4≧30mm is preferable. D4≧40mm is preferable. D4≧50mm is preferable. D4≧60mm is preferable. D4≧70mm is preferable. D4≧80mm is preferable. D4≧90mm is preferable. Also, taking functionality into consideration, D4≦300mm is preferable. D4≦250mm is preferable. D4≦230mm is preferable. D4≦210mm is preferable. D4≦200mm is preferable. D4≦190mm is preferable.

[0026] Also, the thickness t directly affects the load bearing area, and simply, it can be said that the thickness t is equivalent to the load bearing area when multiplied by the length of the circumference of the hollow truncated cone. The thinner the thickness t, the lighter the leg member 20 can be. However, considering the load bearing, if the thickness t is too thin, it is difficult to construct an assembled pallet. From the viewpoint of ease of manufacture, it is preferable that the thickness t is not too thin. On the other hand, if the thickness t is too thick, it may be difficult to use the leg members 20 in a stacked manner. In addition, the weight may become excessive. It may be determined individually in consideration of the required load resistance, etc. For example, t≧0.5 mm is preferable. t≧0.7 mm is preferable. t≧0.9 mm is preferable. t≧1 mm is preferable. t≧1.2 mm is preferable. t≧1.3 mm is preferable. t≧1.5 mm is preferable. t≧2 mm is also acceptable. On the other hand, t≦10 mm is preferable. t≦8 mm is preferable. t≦7 mm is preferable. t≦6 mm is preferable. t≦5 mm is preferable. t≦4 mm is preferable. t≦3 mm is also acceptable. Meanwhile, the thickness t can also be specified in terms of a relative ratio to the inner diameter D4 (or the outer diameter D5 or D6). For example, it may be 1% or more of the inner diameter D4, 1.2% or more of the inner diameter D4, 1.4% or more of the inner diameter D4, 1.5% or more of the inner diameter D4, or 1.6% or more of the inner diameter D4. It may also be 10% or less of the inner diameter D4, 9% or less of the inner diameter D4, 8% or less of the inner diameter D4, 7% or less of the inner diameter D4, or 6% or less of the inner diameter D4.

[0027] The outer inclination angle α≧the inner inclination angle β becomes important when two or more leg members 20 of the same shape are stacked. The outer inclination angle α is preferably substantially the same as or slightly larger than the inner inclination angle β. When two or more leg members 20 of the same shape are stacked, the upper part of the leg member 20 (e.g., the outer diameter indicated by D3) is inserted into the opening of the bottom (e.g., the inner diameter indicated by D4), and the outer surface 22 of the inserted leg member 20 (hereinafter, the "inserted leg member") contacts and prevents further insertion with the inner surface 24 of the inserted leg member (hereinafter, the "inserted leg member") that receives the inserted leg member. At this time, when the outer inclination angle α is particularly smaller than the inner inclination angle β, the upper part of the outer surface 22 contacts the inner surface 24, but the lower part of the outer surface 22 may have difficulty contacting the inner surface 24. Therefore, the support load is applied only to the upper part of the outer surface 22 of the inserting leg member and the inner surface 24 of the corresponding inserted leg member, and there is a risk of excessive surface pressure being generated. For example, the outer inclination angle α is preferably 0.9 times or more the inner inclination angle β. The outer inclination angle α is preferably 0.95 times or more the inner inclination angle β. The outer inclination angle α is preferably 0.97 times or more the inner inclination angle β. Also, it is preferably 1.2 times or less. The outer inclination angle α is preferably 1.1 times or less the inner inclination angle β. The outer inclination angle α is preferably 1.05 times or less the inner inclination angle β. For example, β≧1 degree is preferable. β≧1.2 degrees is preferable. β≧1.4 degrees is preferable. β≧1.5 degrees is preferable. β≧1.7 degrees is also acceptable. β≧1.9 degrees is also acceptable. β≧2 degrees is also acceptable. On the other hand, if the inclination angle is too large, the load along the wall applied to the side wall defined by the outer surface 22 and the inner surface 24 may be excessive. For example, as shown in FIG. 5B, the support load F of the leg member 20 may be decomposed into a force fw along the side wall in the cross section and a force fh toward the center of the circle in the top view of the truncated cone in the horizontal direction. fw may correspond to the support load F divided by cos(β). For example, if β is 3 degrees, 1 / cos(β) is 1.001372346, fw is almost the same as the support load F, tan(β) is 0.052407779, and fh is about 5% of the support load F. As shown in Table 1, fw and fh do not change much until β is about 6 degrees, but when β exceeds 7 degrees, fh in particular increases by about 12% of F. And when β exceeds 10 degrees, it increases by about 12% of F.The increase in fw increases when β exceeds 45 degrees. Therefore, β≦45 degrees is preferable. β≦35 degrees is preferable. β≦30 degrees is preferable. β≦25 degrees is also acceptable. β≦20 degrees is also acceptable. β≦15 degrees is also acceptable. β≦10 degrees is also acceptable.

[0028] In addition, when α=β and the thickness is t, the portion where the periphery of the outer surface of the insertion leg member can be inserted into the inner diameter D4 of the bottom of the insertion leg member is from the bottom opening surface of the insertion leg member to y (mm)≧t / 2 / sinα. For example, if α=β=1.5 degrees and t=3 mm, the insertion leg member can enter the hollow part of the insertion leg member from its top to 57.30 mm from the bottom opening surface. If H1, which corresponds to the height of the hollow part, is 100 mm, the insertion leg member and the insertion leg member may overlap up to (100-57) / 100=43%. The overlapping portion transmits the support load from the top of the insertion leg member to the insertion leg member, and the annular surface that defines the periphery of the bottom opening of the insertion leg member transmits it to the installation surface. If the overlapping portion is too small, the force transmission may be poor. On the other hand, if the overlapping portion is too large, it is necessary to reduce the thickness t and / or increase the inclination angle. Therefore, there is a risk that the load that can be supported will become too small. Generally, with respect to H1 corresponding to the height of the hollow portion, it is preferably 40% or more. It is preferably 50% or more. It may be 60% or more. It may be 70% or more. It may be 80% or more. On the other hand, taking into consideration the mechanical strength, the thickness t and the inclination angle, it is preferably 99% or less. It is preferably 98% or less. It may be 97% or less. It may be 95% or less. It may be 93% or less. It may be 91% or less. It may be 90% or less.

[0029] When H1, which corresponds to the height of the hollow portion, is in the range of 50 mm≦H1≦200 mm, it is preferable that the overlapping distance is 20 mm from the bottom opening surface of the insertion leg member. It is preferable that the overlapping distance is 25 mm. It is preferable that the overlapping distance is 30 mm. On the other hand, since it is better that the thin-walled cylindrical portion 24 at the top of the truncated cone does not come into contact, it is preferable that the overlapping distance is larger than H2-H1. [Table 1]

[0030] In the above, the transfer of the load at the side surfaces when the two leg members 20 are stacked has been described. Also, the load can be transferred not only by the side surfaces but also by the contact between the support surface 26 or the lower surface 28 of the support surface and the upper surface of the thin-walled cylindrical portion 30. Also, the main load may be transferred by this contact.

[0031] 6 and 7 are perspective views showing the lid member 40. The lid member 40 is composed of a head portion 42 and a threaded portion 44. The head portion 42 has two openings 46 to facilitate rotation.

[0032] FIG. 8 shows a top view of a drum pallet 10a. In this pallet, the support pad 14a is smaller than the outer edge of the baseboard 12. In this case, the drum placed on the pallet may or may not protrude beyond the outer edge of the baseboard 12. The support pad 14a is large enough to support the main weight of the drum. The legs 19 disposed below the support pad 14a are located below the leg attachment openings 16 and support the weight of the drum.

[0033] FIG. 9 shows a bottom view of the drum pallet 10. Here, as a modified example, the legs 19 are positioned further outward than in FIG. 8. In this case, taking into consideration the overall balance, the legs 19 can be shifted outward so that they are rotatably symmetrical at 120 degrees on the support pad 14 that spreads out like a trefoil. In this case, it is believed that tension will be more easily applied to the base board 12 when three drums are placed on it. Such a change in the arrangement is also possible.

[0034] FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of a two-drum pallet 100 as a modified example of a drum pallet. In this case, it is an example in which one leaf has been removed from the trefoil-like structure shown in FIG. 1. In this case, each drum (two drums) is supported by a leg 19 located at the center of the support pad 14 and the central leg 19 of the trefoil-like structure shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 11 shows an example 100' in which two leaves have been removed from the trefoil-like structure shown in FIG. 1. In this case, one drum is placed at a position other than the center of the support pad 14, and is supported at three points, including the central leg 19 of the trefoil-like structure shown in FIG. 1.

[0035] FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view illustrating how two leg members 20 are stacked to form a combined leg member, the thin-walled cylindrical portion of the head of the inserted leg member 20 penetrates the opening of the leg support plate and the opening of the base board 12, and the cover member 40 is screwed into the partial female thread from above. The cover member 40 is placed on the mounting surface 26 of the upper leg member 20 and supports an object to be placed on the base board 12. The head 42 of the cover member 40 is provided with two openings 46, which function as locking portions that assist the head member 42 in being screwed into the partial female thread and in turning the head member 42 to be removed from the partial female thread. The outer peripheral surface of the head 42 is formed with an uneven shape, which functions as a friction member. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the cover member 40 and the leg member 20 arranged in a direction to be engaged. The leg member 20 is provided with an uneven shape, which acts as an anti-slip member.

[0036] 13 and 14 show a top view and a side view of a drum. Drum 200 is a typical drum of 212 liters or more, as specified by, for example, JIS Z 1601. For example, the inner diameter of the drum is about 566±2 mm, the outer diameter OD is about 585 mm, and the height L is about 890±5 mm. The chime (h4) is about 22±3 mm.

[0037] 15A is a perspective view showing the drum pallet 10 on which drums 200 are placed, together with a movable hand fork 260. The three drums are arranged in a so-called close-packed configuration (a configuration in which the third drum fits into a recess formed by two drums). The three drums are hooked onto the upper edge of each drum 200, and a joint (fastening member) 220 is provided to join the third drum. This fastening member supports (or restrains) the third drum so that it does not come apart, and therefore preferably has a predetermined tensile strength. For example, it may be made of the same material as the legs 19.

[0038] 16A shows an oblique view of one embodiment of joint (fastening member) 220. It has a hub portion 222 that is triangular when viewed from above at the center, and arms 224 extend radially with 120-degree rotational symmetry, each of which has a hook portion 226 at its tip, and is equipped with an adjustment member (e.g., a bolt) 228 that fastens to the upper edge of the drum. Since a certain tensile strength is required for these, they may be made of metal or the like. They may also be made of the same material as the leg portion 19 (the adjustment member may be metal).

[0039] 16B to 16E illustrate another joint (fastening member) 240. The joint includes a mounting portion 242 (corresponding to a hook portion) that is mounted so as to be hooked onto the upper edge (chime) 206 of the drum can, an opening 244 on the inner diameter side, a bolt 246 (corresponding to an arm) with a bolt head disposed on the outer diameter side and passing through the opening 244, a bracket 248 that constitutes a hub portion, and a nut portion 249 that is a counterpart of the bolt 246. The bracket 248 includes a center portion 248b and a vertical portion 248a that is symmetrical at 120 degrees. The vertical portion 248a includes a horizontal hole 248c through which the bolt 246 passes (penetrates). FIGS. 16F and 16G show another embodiment of the bracket. The cylindrical brackets 252 and 254 are highly versatile, and the openings 252c and 254c are horizontally long and generally allow fastening parts such as bolts to pass through. The opening 254d is open as a passage for an arm (eg, bolt 246) that can be placed over the bracket.

[0040] FIG. 15C is an exploded perspective view showing how the drums are mounted on a drum pallet and fixed with a fixed lid in an embodiment of the present application. The process up to the point where the drums are mounted on the drum pallet 10 is the same as that shown in FIG. 15A, so a description will be omitted. The fixed lid 11 is brought close to the drum pallet 10 so as to cover the fixed pad 14' facing downward from above the three drums 200 mounted on it. As shown in FIG. 15E, this fixed lid 11 is similar to the drum pallet 10 shown in FIG. 1. The difference is that the fixed pad 14' is placed and fixed on the base board 12, and the legs 19 are not provided. In addition, a through hole 17 is provided in the center, which is provided to allow the threaded rod 50 for fixing the drums to pass through. The threaded rod 50 is at least partially threaded, and the fixed lid 11 can be tightened via a washer 54 by a tightening nut like a wing nut. A locking part 56 is provided at the lower end of the threaded rod 50. After the locking portion enters any of the openings 46 of the lid member 40, it may be fixed at the inner side edge of the opening 46 so as not to come out. The locking portion 56 may have a tip deployment portion or a tip fixed horizontal bar. Fig. 15D is a side view showing the drum pallet system with drums loaded after being fixed by the fixed lid 11. A part of the central assembly leg member 20' has been broken off to allow a view inside. When fixed in this manner, the drums can withstand strong lateral shaking.

[0041] It is understood that if the washer 54 is large enough, the drum can be fixed without the fixed lid 11. Moreover, the washer 54 does not necessarily have to be annular, and may be a stop member 54a having a cutout portion (opening) 55 as shown in Fig. 15F. Moreover, it does not have to be circular, and may be horseshoe-shaped.

[0042] FIG. 15G is a perspective view showing another embodiment of a drum pallet in the embodiment of the present application. Up to now, the support pads 14 attached to the base board 12 have been shown to be circular (disk-shaped) so as to fit into the inner diameter of the recess on the top surface of the drum, but as long as the load can be supported, they do not need to be circular. For example, as in the drum pallet 10b shown in this figure, three small disk support pads 14b may be provided for each. The reason for providing three pads is to stably support the load of the drum. That is, since a plane can be determined by three points, three or more pads are preferable when using small pads (not necessarily disks, and may be rectangular). In addition, although recycled materials have been used for the support pads up to now, this is not the only option. They may be made of wood. They may be made of metal. They may be made of resin. They may be made of other materials or composite materials.

[0043] FIG. 15H is a bottom view showing another embodiment of a drum pallet in the embodiment of the present application. Up to now, the base board 12 has been described as being made of recycled materials, but this is not necessarily so. It may be made of wood. It may be made of metal. It may be made of resin. It may be made of other materials or composite materials. In addition, a trefoil-like one consisting of three circles (corresponding to the shape of a drum when viewed from above) has been shown, but this is not necessarily so. For example, a drum pallet 10c shown in this figure may have a hub-and-spoke shape. In this figure, the part corresponding to the base board is composed of a base portion 60 (corresponding to a hub), spoke portions 62 (corresponding to spokes) extending radially in three directions from the base portion 60, and horizontal plates 64 (also corresponding to spokes) perpendicular to these spoke portions 62. The base portion 60, the spoke portions 62, and the horizontal plates 64 may be plate-shaped. The three imaginary lines 101 drawn by two-dot chain lines correspond to the circular shape of the inner diameter of the bottom surface of the drum. Along these lines, support pads 14b are provided on the upper surfaces of the spoke portions 62 and the cross plates 64. These support pads 14b are similar to those in Fig. 15G.

[0044] The base portion 60, spoke portion 62, and side plate 64 have a small area when viewed from above, so recycled materials such as paper may not be strong enough. For example, they may be made of wood, metal, or resin. These wood, metal, or resin members are mainly shaped like thin plates, so they are considered relatively easy to reuse. Naturally, they can also be recycled to produce recycled materials. They may also be disposed of after use as a one-through item.

[0045] FIG. 17 shows a container 300 generally used for transportation by ships and the like. FIG. 18 illustrates a top view of a cluster of loaded pallets as shown in FIG. 15A arranged on the container shown in FIG. 17. This arrangement dramatically improves the efficiency of filling drums. Usually, drums are loaded in a so-called non-closest packed manner, as shown in FIG. 20. If drums are loaded on a 3×3 arrangement pallet, as shown in FIG. 18, one side needs to be six times the radius r of the drum. On the other hand, in the case of so-called closest packed, as shown in FIG. 19, a 15% improvement in the filling efficiency can be obtained. In addition, since the drums have a closest packed structure, they are interlocked with each other and are unlikely to shift. On the other hand, in the configuration shown in FIG. 20, almost no restraint between the drums can be expected. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 18, when loading drums on the drum pallet of the present application into the container 300, they can be loaded directly into the container 300 without changing the pallet to load one or two drums. In addition, the inside dimensions of a typical container are 2300 x 5800, and only 3 x 9 = 27 drums can be stored in the way shown in Figure 20. However, if the drum pallet of the present invention is used, 36 drums can be stored. Although this is due to the gaps caused by the typical dimensions of a typical container, an increase in loading efficiency of 30% or more is desired. Furthermore, if the height of a drum is typically about 900 mm and the height of a pallet is typically about 150 mm, the inside dimension height of the container is 2300, so two levels are possible. When drums are loaded tightly like this, the inner wall of the container can directly support the drums even when the container is shaking during transportation. Therefore, a separate fastening device such as a lashing belt may not be necessary.

[0046] 21 and 22 show examples of board materials that can constitute the baseboard 12. FIG. 22 shows an example of a corrugated board (which may be made of paper or resin) with W-flute consisting of fine flutes 122 and large flutes 124. This corrugated board may have openings. FIG. 21 also shows an example of a honeycomb board by destroying the surface member to show a honeycomb structure 120 arranged vertically. Such a honeycomb structure may be made of paper or resin. The resin may contain synthetic resin. Similarly, openings may be provided. All of these members can be easily recycled when separated from the legs. However, they often come into direct contact with the object to be mounted, and are often not suitable for reuse.

[0047] FIG. 23 illustrates a system for managing drum pallets as recycling pallets from a drum collection site A to a drum use site B. At the drum collection site A, drums filled with materials to be used or empty are collected. At the same time, recycled baseboards and holding pads are prepared, and reused leg support plates, leg members, lid members, and fastening members are also prepared as necessary. With these, a pallet for drums is assembled. The collected drums are then placed on the pallet and fixed with fastening members. A communication terminal (e.g., a smartphone, a mobile phone, etc.) located at the collection site is used for preparing such recycling materials and reuse materials. That is, a signal transmitted from the management system is delivered to this communication terminal via the cloud. In response to this, the communication terminal issues an instruction to transport the recycling materials from the nearest production site or collection site to the collection site A. Similarly, the communication terminal issues an instruction to transport the reuse materials from the nearest collection site to the collection site A. Then, a drum pallet is assembled from the materials collected in response to the instruction, and the drums are placed on it and secured with fastening members, if necessary. The recycled baseboard and the recycled holding pad may be cut from common recycled cardboard obtained near the manufacturing site. The reusable legs may be disassembled from a drum pallet that has been used at least once. The reusable legs have a shape and structure that improves space efficiency so that the drums can be easily packed and transported by disassembly. The drums loaded on such a pallet are shipped together with the pallet and transported by truck or the like. At this time, information about the shipped drum-loaded pallet may be stored in a communication terminal and / or transmitted to a management system.

[0048] The drum-loaded pallet is transported to the port of Hout for marine transportation as necessary, and is stored in a typical container. Examples of the storage method and the like include those disclosed in this specification. The dimensions of the container may be typical. Therefore, a larger amount of drums can be transported compared to the conventional amount of drums. The drum-loaded pallet stored in the container is transported by sea by a container ship. In marine transportation, large shaking is expected due to weather conditions, but since the container is filled with the closest packing, the inner wall of the container can prevent the drums from falling over. At this time, the environment of the drum-loaded pallet may be automatically measured and stored in a communication terminal and / or transmitted to a management system. Then, the drum-loaded pallet enters the destination port of Hin. The port entry date and time may be stored in a communication terminal and / or transmitted to a management system. At the port, the drum-loaded pallet is unloaded as it is and transported by a truck or the like. At this time, the drum-loaded pallet transported to the vicinity of the drum use site may be delivered to the use site by a forklift or the like while still mounted on the pallet. Since the drums are in small lots of three each, there is a large degree of freedom. At the site, the drums may be used while still on the drum pallet, or after being removed from the drum pallet. Since the fastening members are merely attached to the upper edge of the drums, it is considered that there is no particular problem in opening the lids of the drums. The drum pallets that are no longer needed are disassembled into reused legs and recycled boards. The recycled base boards and holding pads may be used in a general recycling process for cardboard and the like. In addition, the reused leg members, leg support plates, lid members, and the like may be stored at the site of use, or may be appropriately packaged and sent to a storage location or a location where they are scheduled to be used. Using the reused leg members, and the like, drum pallets may be assembled as recycled pallets at the above-mentioned collection site A. In this way, unnecessary packaging materials can be reduced, which not only reduces costs but is also environmentally friendly.

[0049] In addition, a communication terminal is attached to the assembled recycling pallet, and the attributes (including manufacturing date, manufacturing place, and manufacturer), specifications, destination, etc. of the tiles to be mounted are recorded in the communication terminal (e.g., a smartphone, a mobile phone, etc.). This information is sent from the communication terminal to the computer of the management system via the cloud or other communication means (wired or wireless electromagnetic communication means (radio waves, telegraphs, signals, etc.)). This computer also communicates with the tile installation site, etc., and matches it with needs. For example, materials in drums prepared based on expectations can be appropriately identified as to the site where they are needed between shipment and delivery, and the destination, etc. can be changed. Then, at the usage site B, it is easy to know what time the necessary materials in drums will arrive, so the usage schedule can be adjusted. A system for such adjustments may include software and may be installed in a computing system such as the computer of the management system. Also, an app for this purpose may be installed in the communication terminal. [Explanation of symbols]

[0050] 10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 100 Drum Pallets 12 Baseboard 14, 14a, 14b Support pads 16 leg mounting opening 18 leg support plate 19 leg (general term) 20 leg member 22 outer surface 24 inner surface 26 support surface 30 thin-walled cylindrical portion 30b partial male thread portion 32 partial female thread portion 34 Bottom opening 36 Ring member 40 Lid member 42 Head 44 Threaded portion 46 Opening 120 Honeycomb structure 122 fine flute 124 large flute 200 drum 220 Fastening member 222 Hub portion 224 Arm portion 226 hook portion 228 adjustment member 260 hand fork 300 container r radius

Claims

1. A baseboard having a trefoil pattern when viewed from above; A leg portion on the bottom side of the base board for providing a predetermined distance from the installation surface; A palette comprising:

2. 2. The pallet according to claim 1, wherein the base board has a shape of an aggregate of three circles of substantially the same diameter that are approximately circumscribed to each other when viewed from above.

3. A pallet as described in claim 1, characterized in that the legs are provided in at least three rotationally symmetric positions on the bottom side of the baseboard.

4. The baseboard is made of recyclable materials; 4. A pallet according to claim 1, wherein the legs are detachable from the baseboard and reusable.

5. the leg portion includes a combination leg member; The combination leg member includes an insertion leg member and an insertion leg member, 4. A pallet according to claim 1, wherein the top of the insertion leg member is inserted into the bottom opening of the insertion leg member and overlaps with the insertion leg member to form the leg portion.

6. A pallet as described in Claim 2, characterized in that in the aggregate shape of the three circles, the legs are positioned on a line passing through the center of gravity of a triangle connecting the centers of each circle and the center of one of the circles, at a position outer than the center.

7. A pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 3; A fixed cover for fixing an object to be placed on the pallet; a rod; A pallet system characterized in that the rod fastens the fixed lid and base board.

8. A pallet system as described in claim 7, characterized in that the rod passes through a central, mutually adjacent through hole in the fixed lid and baseboard.

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