Surface aesthetic appearance improver for hydraulic compositions

Abstract

To provide a surface aesthetic appearance improver for a hydraulic composition that is capable of controlling the behavior of bubbles in the hydraulic composition, which causes bubble marks on a surface of a hardened body of the hydraulic composition, thereby improving the surface aesthetic appearance of the hardened body.SOLUTION: A surface aesthetic appearance improver for a hydraulic composition has a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1,000 ms, as measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C).SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a surfactant for use as a surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions, a surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions, a hydraulic composition, a method for producing a hardened product of a hydraulic composition, a method for improving the surface aesthetic of a hardened product of a hydraulic composition, use of a surfactant as a surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions, and a kit for improving surface aesthetics. [Background technology]

[0002] Hydraulic compositions, such as concrete, can be produced, for example, by filling a formwork with an unhardened hardening composition, followed by hardening through drying or chemical reaction in a post-process to obtain a hardened body. One of the factors that influence the value of a hardened body is the aesthetic appearance of the surface. This literally means the beauty of the surface of the hardened body, and the more beautiful the surface is, the higher the value of the product tends to be evaluated.

[0003] One of the causes of the deterioration of the surface appearance of the cured body is the traces of air bubbles exposed on the surface of the cured body. To address this problem, measures have been taken to add a repair process to hide the traces of air bubbles after curing, but this is not desirable from the standpoint of cost and labor.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions, which contains a specific fatty acid alkanolamide, a polycarboxylic acid-based dispersant, and a specific solvent. Patent Document 2 discloses a resin emulsion used as a cement additive, which contains a specific emulsion resin, an aqueous solvent, and a nonionic emulsifier (polyoxyethylene alkyl ether) used in emulsion polymerization of the resin, and discloses that the use of the cement additive containing the resin emulsion can improve the surface aesthetics of the hardened product of the cement composition.

[0005] In addition, measures have been taken to reduce the number of bubbles that form at the interface between the composition and the form before the composition is completely hardened by applying a release agent to the form used when hardening the hydraulic composition, thereby promoting the rise of bubbles in the composition. For example, Patent Document 3 discloses a form release agent containing a specific fatty acid alkanolamide. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] JP 2019-196282 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2019-26506 A [Patent Document 3] JP 2018-130957 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide a surface appearance improver for a hydraulic composition, which can better control the behavior of air bubbles in a hydraulic composition, which cause air bubble marks on the surface of a hardened body of the hydraulic composition, and can improve the surface appearance of the hardened body. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The present invention provides a surface appearance improver for a hydraulic composition, which contains a surfactant having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a foam film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a foam film life of 1000 ms, as measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C).

[0009] The present invention also provides a surfactant for improving the surface appearance of a hydraulic composition, which, when a measuring aqueous solution obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05% by mass to bleeding water of the following hydraulic composition is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C), has a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms.

[0010] [Bleeding water for hydraulic composition] Put 4 kg of tap water and 1 kg of ordinary Portland cement into a 5L plastic bottle, shake thoroughly, and then leave the plastic bottle to stand for 24 hours in a 20°C environment. Filter the supernatant liquid from the plastic bottle with 5C filter paper to obtain the bleeding water of ordinary Portland cement.

[0011] The present invention also provides a hydraulic composition comprising the above-mentioned surface appearance improver for hydraulic compositions, a hydraulic powder, and water.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for producing a hardened body of a hydraulic composition, the method comprising the steps of: mixing a surface appearance improver for a hydraulic composition, the surface appearance improver having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a foam film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a foam film life of 1000 ms, when measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C), with hydraulic powder and water to prepare a hydraulic composition; filling the prepared hydraulic composition into a formwork and hardening it; and demolding the hardened hydraulic composition.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for improving the surface appearance of a hardened body of a hydraulic composition, which comprises adding a surfactant having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms, as measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C), to the hydraulic composition containing hydraulic powder and water.

[0014] The present invention also provides the use of a surfactant having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms when a measuring aqueous solution obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05 mass % to the bleeding water of the hydraulic composition is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C) as a surface aesthetic improver for the hydraulic composition.

[0015] The present invention also provides a kit for improving the surface appearance of a hardened body of a hydraulic composition, which comprises a combination of the aqueous solution α containing the surfactant for improving the surface appearance of a hydraulic composition and an aqueous solution β containing a cement dispersant described below.

[0016] [Cement dispersant] A copolymer containing, as constituent monomers, a monomer (1b) represented by the following general formula (1b) and a monomer (2b) represented by the following general formula (2b). [ka] [During the ceremony, R 1b , R 2b , R 3b may be the same or different, and may be a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or (CH2)rCOOM 2 and (CH2)rCOOM 2 COOM 1 Or it may form an anhydride with another (CH2)rCOOM2, in which case, M of those groups 1 , M 2 does not exist. M 1 , M 2 may be the same or different, and are a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal (1 / 2 atom), an ammonium group, an alkylammonium group, a substituted alkylammonium group, an alkyl group, a hydroalkyl group, or an alkenyl group. r: A number between 0 and 2 Indicates the following. [ka] [During the ceremony, R4b , R 5b : may be the same or different, hydrogen atom or methyl group R 6b : Hydrogen atom or -COO(AO) n1 R 7b R 7b : Hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms AO: an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms n1: the average number of moles of AO added, a number between 4 and 200 q1: A number between 0 and 2 p1: 0 or 1 Indicates the following. Effect of the Invention

[0017] By using the surface aesthetics improver for hydraulic compositions of the present invention, it is possible to control the behavior of bubbles in the hydraulic composition, which cause bubble marks on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, and to improve the surface aesthetics of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] Photograph of the surface of the hardened hydraulic composition of Comparative Example 1 (a) and (b) is a photograph of the surface of the hardened hydraulic composition of Comparative Example 2. [Diagram 2] Photograph of the surface of the hardened hydraulic composition of Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The present inventors have found that a specific surfactant that satisfies the dynamic surface tension described above adsorbs to bubbles in the hydraulic composition, particularly coarse bubbles of several centimeters that are noticeable as bubble marks, and enables the bubbles to be peeled off from the formwork. As a result, the number of bubbles between the hydraulic composition and the formwork is reduced, and the surface bubble marks of the hardened hydraulic composition are reduced, improving the surface aesthetics. Although not wishing to be bound by a specific theory, the reason for the manifestation of such an effect is presumed to be as follows. For example, a hydraulic composition such as concrete is applied to a metal formwork with release oil, and is filled into the formwork by pouring and vibrating, and then hardened. During hardening, the plasticization of the concrete is released due to the dilatant property, but once the plasticization is released, the bubbles formed by adhering to the formwork are held down by the concrete, and cannot be peeled off by the action of the surfactant. Therefore, it is desirable to peel off the bubbles before the time of about 1000 ms when the plasticization is released. It is known that many of the general-purpose release oils have a dynamic surface tension of about 25 to 35 mN / m at the gas interface. Therefore, it is presumed that a surfactant that has a dynamic surface tension of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms at the gas-liquid interface can adsorb to, for example, bubbles that appear at the contact portion between the hydraulic composition and the formwork via the release oil, particularly coarse bubbles of a size (several centimeters) that are noticeable as bubble marks, and can be peeled off.

[0020] On the other hand, the specific surfactant of the present invention has a dynamic surface tension of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms, and is adsorbed to bubbles relatively slowly (compared to other surfactants). Therefore, the surfactant is not bound to the surface of fine bubbles (which have an extremely large surface area) and a sufficient amount of free surfactant remains in the water, allowing it to be adsorbed to the surface of coarse bubbles, which are the original target, and therefore the specific surfactant of the present invention is considered to have a high effect of modifying coarse bubbles.

[0021] Due to such an action mechanism, when a hydraulic composition containing the surface aesthetics improver for hydraulic compositions of the present invention is filled into a formwork coated with a release agent, air bubbles appearing at the site where the hydraulic composition comes into contact with the release agent sequentially move into the hydraulic composition, reducing air bubble marks on the surface and improving the surface aesthetics.

[0022] <Surfactant for improving the surface appearance of hydraulic compositions> In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention relates to a surfactant for surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic composition (hereinafter referred to as "surfactant of the present invention"), which has a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms when a measuring aqueous solution obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05 mass % to bleeding water of the following hydraulic composition is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C).

[0023] [Bleeding water for hydraulic composition] Put 4 kg of tap water and 1 kg of ordinary Portland cement into a 5L plastic bottle, shake thoroughly, and then leave the plastic bottle to stand for 24 hours in a 20℃ environment. Filter the supernatant liquid from the plastic bottle with 5C filter paper to obtain ordinary Portland cement bleeding water. There is no particular manufacturer, place of origin, or brand of ordinary Portland cement, so any ordinary Portland cement can be used.

[0024] The dynamic interfacial tension at the gas-liquid interface in the present invention is dominated by the surfactant of the present invention and is hardly affected by ionic species and other optional components present in the cement particles and bleeding water. The reason for this is unclear, but is presumed to be as follows.

[0025] The surfactant of the present invention is rather strongly hydrophobic, and is assumed to not diffuse much in water, and to be mostly coordinated to the gas-liquid interface. Therefore, it is assumed to be unaffected by dissolved ion species, cement particles, soluble polymer compounds such as cement dispersants, etc. On the other hand, it is assumed that defoamers, air entrainers, product stabilizers, etc. are also coordinated to the gas-liquid interface, but in the ranges usually used as optional components in surface aesthetic improvers, the amount of these optional components coordinated to the gas-liquid interface (also called "coordination amount") is extremely small compared to the amount of the surfactant of the present invention coordinated to the gas-liquid interface (coordination amount) from the viewpoint of the added amount and the properties of the surfactant, and it is assumed to be almost unaffected for the above reasons.

[0026] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic surface tension of the surfactant of the present invention is measured using a measurement aqueous solution prepared by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05 mass % to the bleeding water of the hydraulic composition, for example, using a BP100 manufactured by KRUSS Co., Ltd., at 20°C, capillary diameter: 0.2 to 0.3 mm, measurement time: 10 ms to 10,000 ms.

[0027] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the surfactant of the present invention is added to the bleeding water of the hydraulic composition at a concentration of 0.05 mass % to obtain a measurement aqueous solution, and the measurement aqueous solution is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C). The dynamic surface tension (σ1) at a bubble film life of 10 ms is 55 mN / m or more, and from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, the dynamic surface tension (σ2) is 35 mN / m or less, and from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, the dynamic surface tension (σ2) at a bubble film life of 1000 ms is 35 mN / m or less, and from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, the dynamic surface tension (σ2) is 33 mN / m or less, and more preferably 31 mN / m or less, and even more preferably 29 mN / m or less.

[0028] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the surfactant of the present invention has a dynamic surface tension (σ3) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms when the surfactant aqueous solution having a concentration of 0.3% by mass is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C), and from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubbles on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, the dynamic surface tension (σ4) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms is preferably 33 mN / m or less, more preferably 31 mN / m or less, and even more preferably 29 mN / m or less, and even more preferably 28 mN / m or less from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubbles on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition.

[0029] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the surfactant of the present invention is preferably a surfactant having σ1 of 55 mN / m or more and σ2 of 35 mN / m or less, specifically, a nonionic surfactant having σ1 of 55 mN / m or more and σ2 of 35 mN / m or less, more specifically, one or more nonionic surfactants selected from polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, alkyl alkanolamides, and polyoxyethylene alkyl amines having σ1 of 55 mN / m or more and σ2 of 35 mN / m or less are more preferred, and from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, more specifically, a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether having σ1 of 55 mN / m or more and σ2 of 35 mN / m or less is even more preferred.

[0030] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the surfactant of the present invention is a nonionic surfactant having σ1 of 55 mN / m or more and σ2 of 35 mN / m or less, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the number of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether can be used in which the average carbon number of the alkyl group is preferably 9 or more, more preferably 10 or more, and preferably 12 or less, more preferably 11 or less.

[0031] In addition, when two or more types of polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers with different numbers of carbon atoms in the alkyl groups are used, the average carbon number of the alkyl group is the weight average carbon number calculated from the content ratio of all polyoxyalkylene ethers contained in the surfactant of the present invention and the carbon number of the alkyl group in each polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether.

[0032] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the surfactant of the present invention is a nonionic surfactant in which the σ1 is 55 mN / m or more and the σ2 is 35 mN / m or less, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, the alkylene oxide is preferably ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, more preferably ethylene oxide, and a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether can be used.

[0033] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the surfactant of the present invention is a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether in which the σ1 is 55 mN / m or more and the σ2 is 35 mN / m or less, the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more, and is preferably 6 or less, more preferably 5 or less.

[0034] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the surfactant of the present invention is a polyoxypropylene alkyl ether having σ1 of 55 mN / m or more and σ2 of 35 mN / m or less, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, the average number of moles of propylene oxide added is preferably 0 or more, and is preferably 6 or less, and more preferably 4 or less.

[0035] Incidentally, when, for example, two or more types of polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers having different numbers of carbon atoms in ethylene oxide are used, the average number of moles of alkylene oxide added is the weight average value of the content ratio of all polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers contained in the surfactant of the present invention and the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added in each polyoxyethylene alkyl ether.

[0036] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the surfactant of the present invention is a nonionic surfactant having σ1 of 55 mN / m or more and σ2 of 35 mN / m or less, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether can be used in which the average carbon number of the alkyl group is preferably 9 or more and preferably 12 or less, and the average added mole number of ethylene oxide is preferably 1 or more and preferably 6 or less.

[0037] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the surfactant of the present invention is a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether having σ1 of 55 mN / m or more and σ2 of 35 mN / m or less, the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether may be a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether having an added mole number of ethylene oxide of 0, that is, an alkyl alcohol having an alkyl group which is a raw material of the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether. In this case, in the present specification, the alkyl alcohol having an alkyl group is regarded as a part of the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether.

[0038] When the surfactant of the present invention is a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether having σ1 of 55 mN / m or more and σ2 of 35 mN / m or less, the content of the alkyl alcohol having the alkyl group in the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 2% by mass or more, even more preferably 5% by mass or more, and is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or less.

[0039] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the surfactant of the present invention is a nonionic surfactant having σ1 of 55 mN / m or more and σ2 of 35 mN / m or less, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, the HLB of the nonionic surfactant is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 7 or more, and is preferably 14 or less, more preferably 12 or less, and even more preferably 11 or less.

[0040] Here, HLB is an abbreviation of Hydrophile Lipophile Balance, and is an index to know whether a compound is hydrophilic or lipophilic. For general nonionic surfactants, it has a value of 0 to 20. The smaller the HLB value, the stronger the lipophilicity. HLB is calculated, for example, by the Griffin method.

[0041] The HLB value according to the Griffin method is calculated according to the following formula: HLB = (sum of molecular weights of hydrophilic parts / molecular weight) x 20

[0042] In addition, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the surfactant of the present invention is a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, further a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, having σ1 of 55 mN / m or more and σ2 of 35 mN / m or less, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, the HLB of the polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, further a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 7 or more, and is preferably 14 or less, more preferably 12 or less, and even more preferably 11 or less.

[0043] In the case of a nonionic surfactant having a polyoxyalkylene group, the HLB is calculated from the following specific formula according to the Griffin method. HLB value = [(molecular weight of polyoxyalkylene group in nonionic surfactant) / (molecular weight of nonionic surfactant)] x 20

[0044] The molecular weight of the polyoxyalkylene group portion in the nonionic surfactant is calculated using the average number of moles of oxyalkylene groups added.

[0045] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the surfactant of the present invention is preferably one or more selected from polyoxyethylene (5) lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene (2) decyl ether, and polyoxyethylene (3) decyl ether, and from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened hydraulic composition, one or more selected from polyoxyethylene (5) lauryl ether and polyoxyethylene (2) decyl ether is more preferable.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for using a surfactant as a surface aesthetic improver for a hydraulic composition, the surfactant having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms when a measurement aqueous solution obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05 mass% to the bleeding water of the hydraulic composition is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C). The surfactants having the σ1 and σ2 (e.g., nonionic surfactants, e.g., polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, e.g., polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers) can be the same as the specific examples and preferred aspects of the surfactants of the present invention described above.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for selecting a surfactant to be applied to a surface aesthetic improver for a hydraulic composition, comprising selecting a surfactant having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms, as measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C). The surfactants having the σ1 and σ2 (e.g., nonionic surfactants, such as polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers) can be the same as the specific examples and preferred aspects of the surfactants of the present invention described above.

[0048] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for selecting a surfactant to be applied to a surface aesthetic improver for a hydraulic composition, comprising selecting a surfactant (e.g., a nonionic surfactant, e.g., a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, e.g., a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether) having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms when a measurement aqueous solution obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05 mass% to the bleeding water of the hydraulic composition is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C). The surfactants (e.g., nonionic surfactants, e.g., polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, e.g., polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers) having the σ1 and σ2 can be the same as the specific examples and preferred aspects of the surfactant of the present invention described above.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the surfactant of the present invention can be used to prepare a surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions, which will be described later. That is, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions, which contains a surfactant (also referred to as the "surfactant of the present invention") having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms, as measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C).

[0050] <Surface appearance improver for hydraulic compositions> In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a surface aesthetic improver for a hydraulic composition (hereinafter also referred to as the "aesthetic improver of the present invention"), which has a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a foam film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a foam film life of 1000 ms, as measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C). In the present invention, the aesthetic appearance improver of the present invention refers to an agent that reduces air bubble marks on the surface of a hardened hydraulic composition and improves the aesthetic appearance of the surface of the hardened hydraulic composition.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention has a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a foam film life of 10 ms when measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C), and from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of a hardened hydraulic composition, the dynamic surface tension (σ2) is 35 mN / m or less at a foam film life of 1000 ms, and from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of a hardened hydraulic composition, the dynamic surface tension (σ2) is 35 mN / m or less, and from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of a hardened hydraulic composition, the dynamic surface tension is 33 mN / m or less, more preferably 31 mN / m or less, and even more preferably 29 mN / m or less.

[0052] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions containing a surfactant, the surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms when a measurement aqueous solution obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05% by mass to the bleeding water of the hydraulic composition is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C).

[0053] The aesthetic appearance improver of the present invention includes the above two surface aesthetic appearance improvers for hydraulic compositions.

[0054] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the aesthetic improver of the present invention contains a surfactant, the surfactant may be the above-mentioned surfactant for the surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic composition of the present invention (hereinafter, also referred to as "surfactant of the present invention" and also referred to as component (A)).

[0055] In addition, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the aesthetic improver of the present invention contains the surfactant of the present invention, the dynamic surface tension (σ1) at a bubble film life of 10 ms when the aqueous solution for measurement obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05 mass% to the bleeding water of the hydraulic composition is measured by the bubble pressure method (20°C) is 55 mN / m or more, and from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, it is preferably 58 mN / m or more, more preferably 60 mN / m or more, and the dynamic surface tension (σ2) at a bubble film life of 1000 ms is 35 mN / m or less, and from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, it is preferably 33 mN / m or less, more preferably 31 mN / m or less, and even more preferably 29 mN / m or less.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the surfactant of the present invention is contained, the content of the surfactant of the present invention is preferably 0.05 mass % or more, more preferably 0.5 mass % or more, and even more preferably 2.0 mass % or more from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, and from the viewpoint of the storage stability of the surface aesthetic improver, the content is preferably 8.0 mass % or less, and more preferably 4.0 mass % or less.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention contains a surfactant in which the σ1 is 55 mN / m or more and the σ2 is 35 mN / m or less, the content of the surfactant in which the σ1 is 55 mN / m or more and the σ2 is 35 mN / m or less is preferably 0.05 mass% or more, more preferably 0.5 mass% or more, and even more preferably 2.0 mass% or more from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, and from the viewpoint of the storage stability of the surface aesthetic enhancer, it is preferably 8.0 mass% or less, and more preferably 4.0 mass% or less.

[0058] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention contains a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, the content of the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether is preferably 0.05 mass %, more preferably 0.5 mass % or more, and even more preferably 2.0 mass % or more from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, and from the viewpoint of the storage stability of the surface aesthetic enhancer, it is preferably 8.0 mass % or less, and more preferably 4.0 mass % or less.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the surface aesthetics improver for hydraulic compositions of the present invention is preferably in a liquid form from the viewpoint of ease of handling. Therefore, the surface aesthetics improver for hydraulic compositions of the present invention is preferably used in a liquid form such as a homogeneous solution, and more preferably contains water, and further preferably is an aqueous solution. That is, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an aqueous solution containing the surfactant of the present invention can be used as the surface aesthetics improver for hydraulic compositions of the present invention.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the surface aesthetics improver for a hydraulic composition of the present invention exhibits excellent improvement in surface aesthetics even with a small amount of the surfactant of the present invention, and as a specific embodiment, it may contain a cement dispersant, a product stabilizer, an antifoaming agent, etc.

[0061] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the surface appearance improver for a hydraulic composition of the present invention may further contain (B) a cement dispersant (hereinafter also referred to as component (B)).

[0062] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the component (B) of the present invention may be one or more cement dispersants selected from a lignin sulfonic acid polymer, a polycarboxylic acid polymer, a naphthalene polymer, a melamine polymer, and a phenol polymer. From the viewpoint of dispersibility, one or more cement dispersants selected from a lignin sulfonic acid polymer, a polycarboxylic acid polymer, and a naphthalene polymer are preferred, and from the viewpoint of fluidity retention of the hydraulic composition, a polycarboxylic acid dispersant is more preferred.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the polycarboxylic acid polymer used as component (B) of the present invention may be, for example, a copolymer of a monoester of polyalkylene glycol and (meth)acrylic acid and a carboxylic acid such as (meth)acrylic acid (for example, the compound described in JP-A-8-12397), a copolymer of an unsaturated alcohol having polyalkylene glycol and a carboxylic acid such as (meth)acrylic acid, a copolymer of an unsaturated alcohol having polyalkylene glycol and a dicarboxylic acid such as maleic acid, etc. Here, (meth)acrylic acid means a carboxylic acid selected from acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.

[0064] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the component (B) of the present invention is preferably a polycarboxylic acid-based dispersant containing a copolymer containing, as constituent monomers, a monomer (1b) represented by the following general formula (1b) and a monomer (2b) represented by the following general formula (2b), and a polycarboxylic acid-based dispersant that is the copolymer is more preferable.

[0065] [ka]

[0066] [During the ceremony, R 1b , R 2b , R 3b may be the same or different, and may be a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or (CH2)rCOOM 2 and (CH2)rCOOM2 is COOM 1 Or it may form an anhydride with another (CH2)rCOOM2, in which case, M of those groups 1 , M 2 does not exist. M 1 , M 2 may be the same or different, and are a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal (1 / 2 atom), an ammonium group, an alkylammonium group, a substituted alkylammonium group, an alkyl group, a hydroalkyl group, or an alkenyl group. r: A number between 0 and 2.

[0067] [ka]

[0068] [During the ceremony, R 4b , R 5b : may be the same or different, hydrogen atom or methyl group R 6b : Hydrogen atom or -COO(AO) n1 R 7b R 7b : Hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms AO: an alkyleneoxy group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms n1: the average number of moles of AO added, a number between 4 and 200 q1: A number between 0 and 2 p1: 0 or 1.

[0069] In the general formula (1b), R 1b , R 2b , R 3b may be the same or different, at least one of which is preferably a methyl group and the rest being hydrogen atoms; R 1b is a hydrogen atom, R 2b is a methyl group, R 3b In the general formula (1b), (CH2)rCOOM is more preferably a hydrogen atom. 1 About COOM 1 or other (CH2)rCOOM 1 and an anhydride may be formed, in which case, M 1 , M 2 does not exist. In the general formula (1b), M 1 , M 2 may be the same or different and may be a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal (1 / 2 atom), an ammonium group, an alkylammonium group, a substituted alkylammonium group, an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group or an alkenyl group; M 1 , M 2The alkyl group, the hydroxyalkyl group, and the alkenyl group each preferably have 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

[0070] In the general formula (1b), M 1 , M 2 may be the same or different, and are preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal (1 / 2 atom), an ammonium group, or an alkylammonium group, more preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal (1 / 2 atom), or an ammonium group, further preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, or an alkaline earth metal (1 / 2 atom), and even further preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal. 1 In the above formula, r is preferably 1.

[0071] In the general formula (2b), R 4b , R 5b may be the same or different and may be a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. From the viewpoint of improving the surface appearance, R 4b is a hydrogen atom, R 5b In the general formula (2b), R is preferably a methyl group. 6b is a hydrogen atom or -COO(AO) n1 R 7b In view of improving the appearance of the surface, a hydrogen atom is preferable. 7b may be a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and is preferably a methyl group. In the general formula (2b), AO may be an alkyleneoxy group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and is preferably an ethyleneoxy group. It is preferable that AO contains an ethyleneoxy group.

[0072] In the general formula (2b), n1 is the average number of moles of AO added, and may be 4 or more, preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, even more preferably 20 or more, and may be 200 or less, preferably 150 or less, more preferably 120 or less, even more preferably 60 or less, from the viewpoint of viscosity and dispersibility of the hydraulic composition. In the general formula (2b), q1 may be a number of 0 or more and 2 or less, and is preferably 0. In the general formula (2b), p1 may be 0 or 1, and is preferably 1.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the copolymer used as component (B) of the present invention has a total amount of monomer (1b) and monomer (2b) in the constituent monomers of 90% by mass or more, more preferably 92% by mass or more, even more preferably 95% by mass or more, and 100% by mass or less. This total amount may be 100% by mass.

[0074] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the copolymer used as component (B) of the present invention has a ratio of monomer (1b) in the total of monomer (1b) and monomer (2b) of preferably 1 mass% or more, more preferably 2 mass% or more, even more preferably 3 mass% or more, even more preferably 5 mass% or more, and preferably 50 mass% or less, more preferably 40 mass% or less, even more preferably 30 mass% or less, and even more preferably 25 mass% or less, from the viewpoint of dispersibility of the hydraulic composition.

[0075] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the copolymer used as the component (B) of the present invention has a weight average molecular weight of preferably 10,000 or more, more preferably 20,000 or more, even more preferably 30,000 or more, even more preferably 35,000 or more, and is preferably 100,000 or less, more preferably 90,000 or less, and even more preferably 80,000 or less, from the viewpoint of dispersibility in the hydraulic composition.

[0076] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer used as the component (B) of the present invention is measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the following conditions.

[0077] *GPC conditions Equipment: GPC (HLC-8320GPC) manufactured by Tosoh Corporation Column: G4000PWXL+G2500PWXL (Tosoh Corporation) Eluent: 0.2M phosphate buffer / CH3CN=9 / 1 Flow rate: 1.0mL / min Column temperature: 40℃ Detection: RI Sample size: 0.2mg / mL Standard substance: Polyethylene glycol equivalent (monodisperse polyethylene glycol with known molecular weight, molecular weight 87,500, 250,000, 145,000, 46,000, 24,000)

[0078] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the copolymer used as the component (B) of the present invention may be, for example, one or more selected from the following copolymers. Polycarboxylic acid copolymer 1: Methacrylic acid / methoxypolyethylene glycol (23) monomethacrylate (polymerization ratio 75 / 25 molar ratio) copolymer, weight average molecular weight = 50,000 (the number in parentheses is the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added) Polycarboxylic acid copolymer 2: Methacrylic acid / methoxypolyethylene glycol (120) monomethacrylate (polymerization ratio 80 / 20 molar ratio) copolymer, weight average molecular weight = 50,000 (the number in parentheses is the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added) Polycarboxylic acid copolymer 3: acrylic acid / polyethylene glycol (50) isoprenyl ether (polymerization ratio 75 / 25 molar ratio) copolymer, weight average molecular weight = 50,000 (the number in parentheses is the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added)

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the polycarboxylic acid copolymers 1, 2, and 3 listed above are used in combination as the component (B) of the present invention, they can be used in a mass ratio of, for example, 50 / 25 / 25, of the copolymer 1 / the copolymer 2 / the copolymer 3. When a plurality of polycarboxylic acid copolymers are used in this manner, the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added to each polycarboxylic acid copolymer is calculated by taking the mass average based on the blending ratio of the copolymers, and this is defined as the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added in the (combined) polycarboxylic acid copolymers.

[0080] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the content of the component (B) of the present invention in the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention is preferably 10 mass% or more, more preferably 20 mass% or more, and is preferably 60 mass% or less, more preferably 50 mass% or less, from the viewpoint of the fluidity retention of the hydraulic composition.

[0081] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the surface appearance improver for a hydraulic composition of the present invention may further contain (C) a product stabilizer (hereinafter also referred to as component (C)).

[0082] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples of the component (C) of the present invention include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate or a salt thereof, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ether sulfate or a salt thereof; polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (excluding the component (A) of the present invention), sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, and the like.

[0083] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the component (C) of the present invention is preferably one or more compounds selected from compounds represented by the following general formula (c) [hereinafter referred to as component (c-1)]:

[0084] R 1c -O-[(EO) n (PO) m ]-SO3M (c) [In the formula, R 1cis a hydrocarbon group having an average carbon number of 4 to 20, EO is an ethyleneoxy group, PO is a propyleneoxy group, n is the average number of moles of EO added and is a number of 1 to 50, m is the average number of moles of PO added and is a number of 0 to 10, and EO and PO may be bonded in blocks or randomly. M represents a counter cation.

[0085] In the general formula (c), R 1c R may be a hydrocarbon group having an average carbon number of 4 to 20, and from the viewpoints of compatibility with surfactants and solubility in water, R is preferably 8 or more, more preferably 10 or more, even more preferably 12 or more, even more preferably 16 or more, and is preferably 20 or less, and more preferably 18 or less. 1c is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group or a linear or branched alkenyl group, more preferably a linear or branched alkenyl group, and further preferably a linear alkenyl group.

[0086] In the general formula (c), n is the average number of moles of EO added, and may be a number of 1 to 50, and from the viewpoint of one-component stability, is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 10 or more, even more preferably 15 or more, even more preferably 20 or more, and is preferably 40 or less, more preferably 35 or less, even more preferably 30 or less, and even more preferably 25 or less. Since excessive air entrainment into the hydraulic composition causes a decrease in the strength of the hydraulic composition hardened body, it is preferable that the air entrainment of the component (C) of the present invention into the hydraulic composition is small.

[0087] In the general formula (c), m is the average number of moles of PO added, and may be a number of 0 to 10, and from the viewpoints of compatibility with the surfactant and solubility in water, it is preferably 5 or less, more preferably 3 or less, and even more preferably 1 or less. EO and PO may be bonded in a block or random manner, and from the viewpoint of manufacturability, block addition is preferred. From the viewpoints of compatibility with the surfactant of the present invention and air entrainment in the hydraulic composition, m is preferably 0.

[0088] In the general formula (c), M may be an inorganic ion selected from a sodium ion, an ammonium ion, a potassium ion, a calcium ion, a magnesium ion, etc., or an organic ammonium ion selected from a monoethanolammonium ion, a diethanolammonium ion, a triethanolammonium ion, a morpholinium ion, etc., and from the viewpoint of availability, a sodium ion is preferred.

[0089] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, for example, sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate (average carbon number: 18, average number of moles of polyoxyethylene added: 23) can be used as the component (c-1) of the present invention.

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the component (C) of the present invention may be a combination of the component (c-1) and a component other than the component (c-1) [hereinafter referred to as component (c-2)]. Specific examples of the component (c-2) include phenyl glycol, phenyl diglycol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, tetraethylene glycol monobutyl ether, octyl dimethylamine, decyl dimethylamine, and the like.

[0091] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, from the viewpoints of product stability and cost reduction, the component (C) of the present invention is preferably one or more selected from (c-1) polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate or a salt thereof, and (c-2) phenyl glycol, and more preferably (c-1) polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate or a salt thereof, and (c-2) phenyl glycol. Specifically, (c-1) polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate or a salt thereof having an average carbon number of 18 and an average number of ethylene oxide added of 23, and (c-2) phenyl glycol are more preferable.

[0092] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the (C) component of the present invention has a mass ratio (c-2) / (c-1) of the content of the (c-1) component to the content of the (c-2) component in the total content of the (c-1) component and the (c-2) component, which is preferably 0.050 or more, more preferably 0.10 or more, from the viewpoint of product stability, and preferably 1.0 or less, more preferably 0.50 or less, particularly preferably 0.125, from the viewpoint of cost reduction. The product stabilizer preferably has an alkali metal salt such as sodium as a counter cation.

[0093] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the content of the (C) component of the present invention in the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention is preferably 1.0 mass% or more, and more preferably 5.0 mass% or more, from the viewpoint of product stability, and is preferably 15 mass% or less, and more preferably 10 mass% or less, from the viewpoint of cost reduction.

[0094] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention may further contain (D) an antifoaming agent (hereinafter also referred to as component (D)).

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the component (D) of the present invention includes an antifoaming agent having an HLB of less than 3. Specifically, the component (D) of the present invention includes a polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether-based antifoaming agent (excluding the component (A) of the present invention), a polyalkylene glycol alkyl ester-based antifoaming agent, a polyol polyether-based antifoaming agent, a polyalkylene glycol block polymer-based antifoaming agent, a silicone-based antifoaming agent, and among these, an antifoaming agent having an HLB of less than 3. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the component (D) of the present invention is preferably one or more selected from a polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether-based antifoaming agent having an HLB of less than 3 (excluding the component (A) of the present invention), a polyalkylene glycol alkyl ester-based antifoaming agent having an HLB of less than 3, and a silicone-based antifoaming agent having an HLB of less than 3, from the viewpoint of adjusting the amount of air in the hydraulic composition and the viewpoint of the storage stability of the surface aesthetic improving agent, and more preferably a polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether-based antifoaming agent having an HLB of less than 3. The HLB value of the antifoaming agent is calculated using the Griffin method.

[0096] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the content of the component (D) of the present invention in the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention is preferably 0.01 mass% or more, more preferably 0.05 mass% or more, from the viewpoint of adjusting the amount of air in the hydraulic composition, and is preferably 0.5 mass% or less, more preferably 0.1 mass% or less, from the viewpoint of the storage stability of the surface aesthetic enhancer.

[0097] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as a further specific aspect, the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention can contain the (A) component, the (B) component, the (C) component, and the (D) component.

[0098] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the content of the component (A) in the total content of the components (A), (B), (C) and (D) as the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention is preferably 1.0 mass% or more, and more preferably 3.0 mass% or more, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, and is preferably 15 mass% or less, and more preferably 10 mass% or less, from the viewpoint of the storage stability of the surface aesthetic enhancer.

[0099] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention, the content of the component (B) in the total content of the components (A), (B), (C) and (D) is preferably 60 mass % or more, more preferably 70 mass % or more, and is preferably 90 mass % or less, more preferably 85 mass % or less, from the viewpoint of the fluidity retention of the hydraulic composition.

[0100] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention, the content of component (C) in the total content of components (A), (B), (C), and (D) is preferably 1 mass % or more, and more preferably 5 mass % or more, from the viewpoint of product stability, and is preferably 30 mass % or less, and more preferably 20 mass % or less, from the viewpoint of cost reduction.

[0101] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention, the content of the component (D) in the total content of the components (A), (B), (C) and (D) is preferably 0.01 mass % or more, more preferably 0.1 mass % or more, from the viewpoint of adjusting the air content in the hydraulic composition, and is preferably 1.0 mass % or less, more preferably 0.5 mass % or less, from the viewpoint of the storage stability of the surface aesthetic enhancer.

[0102] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio (A) / (B) of the (A) component to the (B) component of the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention is preferably 0.01 or more, more preferably 0.05 or more, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the cured product of the hardening composition, and is preferably 1.0 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, from the viewpoint of cost reduction.

[0103] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio (A) / (D) of the component (A) to the component (D) of the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 15 or more, from the viewpoint of product stability, and is preferably 100 or less, more preferably 50 or less, from the viewpoint of adjusting the amount of air in the hydraulic composition.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as a more specific aspect, the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention can be blended in mixing water used when preparing a hydraulic composition.

[0105] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention can be added so that the content of component (A) in the mixing water is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, and preferably 1.0% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, within the above range. The aesthetic enhancer of the present invention can be added so that the content of component (B) in the mixing water is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, and preferably 1.0% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, within the above range. The aesthetic enhancer of the present invention can be added so that the content of component (C) in the mixing water is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, and preferably 0.5% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.1% by mass or less, within the above range. Specifically, the content of the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention in the mixing water is preferably 0.0001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.0005% by mass or more, and is preferably 0.01% by mass or less, more preferably 0.005% by mass or less, and the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention can be added so that the content is within the above range.

[0106] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention may further contain at least one (poly)glycoside having an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms and a sugar condensation degree of 1 to 5 (hereinafter, also referred to as the (poly)glycoside of the present invention). In this case, the mass ratio of the content of the (poly)glycoside to the content of the surfactant of the present invention having the above-mentioned dynamic surface tension, i.e., (poly)glycoside / component (A) (mass ratio), is preferably 0 or more, and preferably 0.05 or less, more preferably 0.01 or less. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention is preferably a (poly)glycoside / component (A) (mass ratio) of 0 from the viewpoint of strength development of the hydraulic composition hardened body.

[0107] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the (poly)glycoside used in the present invention is at least one type of (poly)glycoside having an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms and a sugar condensation degree of 1 to 5.

[0108] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the (poly)glycoside used in the present invention preferably has an alkyl or alkenyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, and preferably 20 or less, more preferably 18 or less, even more preferably 16 or less, even more preferably 14 or less, and even more preferably 12 or less. From the viewpoint of one-liquid stability, the (poly)glycoside of the present invention preferably has an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms.

[0109] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the sugar condensation degree of the (poly)glycoside used in the present invention is preferably 1 or more from the viewpoint of water solubility, and is more preferably 5 or less, even more preferably 4 or less, even more preferably 3 or less, and even more preferably 2 or less.

[0110] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples of sugars constituting the (poly)glycoside used in the present invention include glucose, maltose, and sucrose. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the (poly)glycoside used in the present invention is preferably at least one type of (poly)glucoside having an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms and a sugar condensation degree of 1 to 5, and more preferably at least one type of (poly)glucoside having an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms and a sugar condensation degree of 1 to 5.

[0111] <Hydraulic composition> In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, according to the present invention, there is provided a hydraulic composition containing a surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions, hydraulic powder, and water, in which the dynamic surface tension (σ1) at a bubble film life of 10 ms is 55 mN / m or more and the dynamic surface tension (σ2) at a bubble film life of 1000 ms is 35 mN / m or less when measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C). In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples and preferred aspects of the surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions of the present invention can be the same as the above-mentioned surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as the "aesthetic improver of the present invention").

[0112] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a hydraulic composition containing a surfactant, hydraulic powder, and water, in which the dynamic surface tension (σ1) at a bubble film life of 10 ms is 55 mN / m or more and the dynamic surface tension (σ2) at a bubble film life of 1000 ms is 35 mN / m or less when the measurement aqueous solution obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05 mass% to the bleeding water of the hydraulic composition is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C). In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples and preferred aspects of the surfactant for the hydraulic composition of the present invention can be the same as the surfactant for the surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic composition of the present invention described above (hereinafter also referred to as "surfactant of the present invention" and also referred to as component (A)).

[0113] The hydraulic composition of the present invention includes the above two hydraulic compositions.

[0114] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic powder used in the present invention includes cement. Examples of the cement used in the present invention include ordinary Portland cement, early strength Portland cement, ultra-early strength Portland cement, sulfate-resistant Portland cement, low-heat Portland cement, white Portland cement, and ecocement (e.g., JIS R5214, etc.). Among these, the cement used in the present invention is preferably ordinary Portland cement, sulfate-resistant Portland cement, and white Portland cement, and more preferably ordinary Portland cement.

[0115] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the cement used in the present invention may include blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fume, etc., and may also include non-hydraulic limestone fine powder, etc.

[0116] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic powder used in the present invention may be silica fume cement or blast furnace cement mixed with cement.

[0117] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the hydraulic composition of the present invention, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention is preferably 0.001 parts by mass or more relative to 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic powder, more preferably 0.005 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 0.010 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 0.03 parts by mass or more, and is preferably 10 parts by mass or less, more preferably 3.0 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 2.5 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 2.0 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 1.0 part by mass or less.

[0118] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the content of the surfactant of the present invention in the hydraulic composition of the present invention is, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, preferably 0.001 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.005 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 0.010 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 0.03 parts by mass or more, and preferably 10 parts by mass or less, more preferably 3.0 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 2.5 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 2.0 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 1.0 part by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic powder.

[0119] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic composition of the present invention may contain a (B) cement dispersant (hereinafter also referred to as component (B)) in addition to the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention or the surfactant of the present invention. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples and preferred aspects of the cement dispersant of the hydraulic composition of the present invention may be the same as the (B) cement dispersant contained in the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention described above.

[0120] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the hydraulic composition of the present invention contains component (B), the content of component (B) is preferably 0.10 part by mass or more, and more preferably 0.20 part by mass or more, relative to 100 parts by mass of hydraulic powder from the viewpoint of improving the fluidity of the hydraulic composition, and is preferably 1.0 part by mass or less, and more preferably 0.50 part by mass or less, from the viewpoint of durability of the set body of the hydraulic composition.

[0121] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the hydraulic composition of the present invention contains the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention described above and the aesthetic enhancer contains a cement dispersant as component (B), the total content of component (B) in the hydraulic composition of the present invention is preferably 0.10 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.20 parts by mass or more, relative to 100 parts by mass of hydraulic powder, from the viewpoint of improving the fluidity of the hydraulic composition, and is preferably 1.0 part by mass or less, more preferably 0.50 part by mass or less, from the viewpoint of durability of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition.

[0122] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic composition of the present invention may further contain (C) a product stabilizer (hereinafter also referred to as component (C)) in addition to the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention or the surfactant of the present invention. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples and preferred aspects of the component (C) of the hydraulic composition of the present invention may be the same as the (C) product stabilizer contained in the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention described above.

[0123] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the hydraulic composition of the present invention contains the product stabilizer, the content of component (C) is preferably 0.01 part by mass or more, and more preferably 0.02 part by mass or more, relative to 100 parts by mass of hydraulic powder from the viewpoint of product stability, and is preferably 1.0 part by mass or less, and more preferably 0.1 part by mass or less, from the viewpoint of cost reduction.

[0124] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the hydraulic composition of the present invention contains the component (c-1), the content of the component (c-1) is preferably 0.01 part by mass or more, and more preferably 0.02 part by mass or more, relative to 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic powder from the viewpoint of product stability, and is preferably 1.0 part by mass or less, and more preferably 0.1 part by mass or less, from the viewpoint of cost reduction.

[0125] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic composition of the present invention may further contain (D) an antifoaming agent (hereinafter also referred to as component (D)) in addition to the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention or the surfactant of the present invention. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples and preferred aspects of the antifoaming agent of the hydraulic composition of the present invention may be the same as the (D) antifoaming agent contained in the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention described above.

[0126] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the hydraulic composition of the present invention contains the component (D), the content of the component (D) is preferably 0.0001 part by mass or more, more preferably 0.0005 part by mass or more, and is preferably 1.0 part by mass or less, more preferably 0.5 part by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic powder, from the viewpoint of durability of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition.

[0127] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the hydraulic composition of the present invention contains the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention described above and the aesthetic enhancer contains an antifoaming agent as component (D), the total content of component (D) in the hydraulic composition of the present invention is preferably 0.0001 part by mass or more, more preferably 0.0005 part by mass or more, and is preferably 1.0 part by mass or less, more preferably 0.5 part by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of hydraulic powder, from the viewpoint of durability of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition.

[0128] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic composition of the present invention may further contain an air entraining agent in addition to the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention or the surfactant of the present invention.

[0129] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the hydraulic composition of the present invention contains an air entraining agent, it is preferable to use an air entraining agent whose diffusion coefficient is smaller than that of the surfactant of the present invention, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened hydraulic composition.

[0130] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the hydraulic composition of the present invention contains an air entraining agent, specific examples include rosin acid, alkyl sulfuric acid or its salt, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfuric acid or its salt (excluding component (c-1) of the present invention), polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate or its salt, etc. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the air entraining agent used in the hydraulic composition of the present invention is preferably polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfuric acid or its salt (excluding component (c-1) of the present invention) from the viewpoint of improving the durability of the set body of the hydraulic composition.

[0131] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the hydraulic composition of the present invention contains the air entraining agent, the content of the air entraining agent is, from the viewpoint of durability of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, preferably 0.001 part by mass or more, more preferably 0.01 part by mass or more, and preferably 1.0 part by mass or less, more preferably 0.5 part by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of hydraulic powder.

[0132] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic composition of the present invention may contain the components (A), (B), (C), and (D), hydraulic powder, and water of the present invention as a specific embodiment. In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic composition of the present invention may contain the components (A), (B), and (D), hydraulic powder, and water of the present invention.

[0133] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio (A) / (B) of the component (A) to the component (B) of the hydraulic composition of the present invention is preferably 0.01 or more, more preferably 0.05 or more, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, and is preferably 1.0 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, from the viewpoint of cost reduction.

[0134] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio (A) / (D) of the component (A) to the component (D) of the hydraulic composition of the present invention is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 15 or more, from the viewpoint of product stability, and is preferably 100 or less, more preferably 50 or less, from the viewpoint of adjusting the amount of air in the hydraulic composition.

[0135] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, from the viewpoints of workability and economy, the hydraulic composition of the present invention has a water / hydraulic powder ratio [water and hydraulic powder in the hydraulic composition (mass of water / mass of hydraulic powder×100), usually abbreviated as W / P, and when the hydraulic powder is cement, abbreviated as W / C] of preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more, and more preferably 95% or less, more preferably 80% or less.

[0136] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the amount of air contained in the hydraulic composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of durability of the set body of the hydraulic composition, it is preferably 0% or more and preferably 3.0% or less. The amount of the defoaming agent added as the component (D) of the present invention can be adjusted so that the amount of air in the hydraulic composition of the present invention is within the above range.

[0137] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic composition of the present invention may further contain aggregate. Examples of aggregate include fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, and the fine aggregate is preferably mountain sand, land sand, river sand, or crushed sand, and the coarse aggregate is preferably mountain gravel, land gravel, river gravel, or crushed stone. Depending on the application, lightweight aggregate may be used. The term aggregate is based on "Concrete Overview" (published by Gijutsu Shoin on June 10, 1998).

[0138] The aggregate may be used in the usual range used in preparing concrete, mortar, etc. When the hydraulic composition is concrete, the amount of coarse aggregate used is preferably 50% or more by bulk volume, more preferably 55% or more, even more preferably 60% or more, and preferably 100% or less, more preferably 90% or less, even more preferably 80% or less, from the viewpoint of the properties of the concrete. The bulk volume is the amount of coarse aggregate per 1 m of concrete. 3 In addition, when the hydraulic composition is concrete, the amount of fine aggregate used is 500 kg / m from the viewpoint of improving the filling property into the formwork, etc. 3 More than 600kg / m is preferable. 3 More preferably, 700 kg / m 3 More preferably, 1000 kg / m 3 Less than 900kg / m is preferable. 3 When the hydraulic composition is mortar, the amount of fine aggregate used is preferably 800 kg / m 3 More than 900kg / m is preferable. 3 More preferably, 1000kg / m 3 More preferably, 2000 kg / m 3 Less than 1800kg / m is preferable. 3Less than 1700kg / m is more preferable. 3 The following is even more preferred:

[0139] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic composition of the present invention may further contain other components in addition to the above-mentioned components, such as a retarder, a thickener, a waterproofing agent, a fluidizing agent, and an early strength agent.

[0140] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the early strength agent contained in the hydraulic composition of the present invention includes a compound selected from hydrochlorides, sulfates, nitrates, nitrites, cyanates, thiocyanates, thiosulfates, and formates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, or an organic compound selected from alkanolamines, glycerin derivatives, formaldehyde derivatives, and catechol derivatives, and nanoparticles of Portland cement hydration products (CSH and calcium hydroxide).

[0141] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic composition of the present invention can be used for concrete or mortar. The hydraulic composition of the present invention is useful in any field such as self-leveling, refractory, plaster, light or heavy concrete, air entrainment, repair, prepacked, trame, ground improvement, grout, and cold weather.

[0142] <Method for producing hydraulic composition> In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a hydraulic composition, which is prepared by mixing a surface aesthetic improver for a hydraulic composition (hereinafter also referred to as the "aesthetic improver of the present invention") having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms, as measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C), with hydraulic powder and water.

[0143] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for producing a hydraulic composition, which is prepared by mixing a surfactant for surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic composition of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as "surfactant of the present invention" and also referred to as component (A)), hydraulic powder, and water, and the surfactant has a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms when a measurement aqueous solution obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05 mass% to the bleeding water of the hydraulic composition is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C).

[0144] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples and preferred aspects of the aesthetic improver of the present invention used in the method for producing a hydraulic composition of the present invention can be the same as those of the surface aesthetic improver for a hydraulic composition of the present invention. In addition, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples and preferred aspects of the surfactant and optional components of the present invention used in the method for producing a hydraulic composition of the present invention can be the same as those of the surfactant and optional components described in the surface aesthetic improver for a hydraulic composition of the present invention. In addition, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples and preferred aspects of the hydraulic powder used in the method for producing a hydraulic composition of the present invention can be the same as those of the hydraulic composition of the present invention. In addition, the matters described in the surface aesthetic improver for a hydraulic composition of the present invention and the hydraulic composition of the present invention can be appropriately applied to the method for producing a hydraulic composition of the present invention.

[0145] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic composition of the present invention can be prepared by mixing the surfactant of the present invention, the hydraulic powder, and water. Also, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic composition of the present invention can be prepared by mixing the surfactant of the present invention, an optional component, the hydraulic powder, and water.

[0146] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as a method for producing the hydraulic composition of the present invention, the surfactant of the present invention and the optional components described above can be mixed separately with a hydraulic powder to prepare a hydraulic composition, but as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, if the surfactant of the present invention and the optional components are mixed in advance, there is no need to add a new tank, and the integrated product can be mixed with the hydraulic powder. That is, as a method for producing the hydraulic composition of the present invention, the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention can be mixed with the hydraulic powder.

[0147] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the mixing amounts of each component, hydraulic powder, and water used in the manufacturing method of the hydraulic composition of the present invention can be applied by replacing the contents of each component, hydraulic powder, and water described in the hydraulic composition of the present invention with the mixing amounts.

[0148] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in order to smoothly mix the surfactant and optional components of the present invention with hydraulic powder such as cement, the surfactant, optional components, and water may be mixed in advance as a method for producing the hydraulic composition of the present invention, and then the mixture may be mixed with the hydraulic powder. In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in order to produce the hydraulic composition of the present invention, the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention containing water, (optional components used in the hydraulic composition as necessary), and water may be mixed in advance as a method for producing the hydraulic composition of the present invention, and then the mixture may be mixed with the hydraulic powder.

[0149] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention can be added to hydraulic powder such as cement and mixed as a method for producing the hydraulic composition of the present invention. In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention is preferably added to the hydraulic powder so that the surfactant and optional components of the present invention are added in the above-mentioned amounts (contents) thereof.

[0150] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as a method for producing a hydraulic composition of the present invention, specifically, the amount of the aesthetic enhancer of the present invention added, as parts by mass of solid content, relative to 100 parts by mass of hydraulic powder, is preferably 0.001 parts by mass or more from the viewpoint of improving surface aesthetics, more preferably 0.005 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 0.03 parts by mass or more, and from the viewpoint of improving surface aesthetics by ensuring high fluidity, is preferably 10 parts by mass or less, more preferably 3.0 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 2.5 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 2.0 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 1.0 part by mass or less.

[0151] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic composition of the present invention can be prepared by mixing using a mixer such as a mortar mixer or a forced twin-shaft mixer. The mixing time is preferably 1 minute or more, more preferably 2 minutes or more, and preferably 5 minutes or less, more preferably 3 minutes or less. In preparing the hydraulic composition, the materials and chemicals described in the hydraulic composition and their amounts can be used.

[0152] <Method for producing a hardened product of hydraulic composition> In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a hardened body of a hydraulic composition (hereinafter also referred to as "the method for producing the hardened body of the present invention"), which includes a step of mixing a surface aesthetic improver for a hydraulic composition (hereinafter also referred to as "the aesthetic improver of the present invention"), a step of preparing a hydraulic composition by mixing hydraulic powder and water, a step of filling the prepared hydraulic composition into a formwork and hardening it, and a step of demolding the hardened hydraulic composition, when measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C), of 55 mN / m or more in a foam film life of 10 ms and 35 mN / m or less in a foam film life of 1000 ms.

[0153] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for producing a hardened product of a hydraulic composition, comprising the steps of mixing a surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic composition, hydraulic powder, and water to prepare a hydraulic composition, filling a formwork with the prepared hydraulic composition and hardening it, and demolding the hardened hydraulic composition, wherein the surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic composition (hereinafter also referred to as "aesthetic improver of the present invention") contains a surfactant (hereinafter also referred to as "surfactant of the present invention" or (A) component) having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms, when a measurement aqueous solution obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05 mass% to the bleeding water of the hydraulic composition is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C).

[0154] The method for producing the cured product of the present invention includes the above two methods for producing the cured product of the present invention.

[0155] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples and preferred aspects of the surfactant and optional components of the present invention used in the method for producing a hardened product of the hydraulic composition of the present invention can be the same as those of the surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic composition of the present invention. In addition, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples and preferred aspects of the aesthetic improver of the present invention used in the method for producing a hardened product of the hydraulic composition of the present invention can be the same as those of the surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic composition of the present invention. In addition, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples and preferred aspects of the hydraulic powder used in the method for producing a hardened product of the hydraulic composition of the present invention can be the same as those of the hydraulic composition of the present invention. In addition, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the matters described in the surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic composition of the present invention and the hydraulic composition used in the method for producing a hardened product of the hydraulic composition of the present invention can be appropriately applied to the method for producing a hardened product of the hydraulic composition of the present invention.

[0156] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the step of preparing a hydraulic composition included in the method for producing a hardened product of the hydraulic composition of the present invention may be the same as the method for producing the hydraulic composition of the present invention.

[0157] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic composition obtained by the preparation of the hydraulic composition included in the method for producing a hardened product of the hydraulic composition of the present invention is further filled into a formwork, cured, and hardened.

[0158] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the formwork used in the step of filling and hardening the hydraulic composition in a formwork included in the method for producing a hardened product of the hydraulic composition of the present invention includes a formwork for a building, a formwork for a concrete product, etc. Methods for filling the formwork include a method of directly pouring the hydraulic composition from a mixer, a method of pumping the hydraulic composition with a pump and introducing it into the formwork, etc.

[0159] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to apply a release agent to a form used in the process of filling and curing the hydraulic composition in a form, which is included in the method of producing a hardened body of the hydraulic composition of the present invention, from the viewpoint of releasability of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition when demolded. The release agent may be (1) mineral oil such as kerosene, light oil, spin oil, transformer oil, machine oil, etc., (2) synthetic oil such as polyalkylene glycol, (3) vegetable oil such as rapeseed, coconut, palm, soybean oil, etc., (4) fats and oils, (5) fatty acid esters, etc., and may be an "oil-based release agent" in which the above is applied as is, or an "aqueous-based release agent" emulsified in water.

[0160] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the process for filling a form with the hydraulic composition and curing the form, which is included in the method for producing a hardened product of the hydraulic composition of the present invention, may include heat curing to promote hardening during curing of the hydraulic composition. Here, the heat curing may be performed by maintaining the hydraulic composition at a temperature of 40° C. or more and 80° C. or less to promote hardening.

[0161] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hardened hydraulic composition can be demolded to obtain a hardened body of the hydraulic composition. At the time of demolding, it is preferable that the hardened body of the hydraulic composition has sufficient compressive strength. The compressive strength at the time of demolding is preferably equal to or greater than the strength described in, for example, "2023 JSCE Standard Specifications [Construction Section] Commentary Table 8.8.1".

[0162] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, examples of the hardened product of the hydraulic composition produced using a formwork for a concrete product obtained by the method for producing a hardened product of the hydraulic composition of the present invention include, as civil engineering products, concrete piles, concrete poles, various block products for revetments, box culvert products, segment products used in tunnel construction and the like, girder products for bridge piers, etc., and as architectural products, as curtain wall products, and architectural component products used for columns, beams, and floor panels, etc.

[0163] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the preparation of the hydraulic composition included in the method for producing a hardened product of the hydraulic composition of the present invention, the time from contacting the hydraulic powder with water to demolding is preferably 16 hours or more and 72 hours or less, from the viewpoint of obtaining the strength required for demolding and improving the production cycle.

[0164] <Method for improving the surface appearance of a hardened body of a hydraulic composition> In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for improving the surface appearance of a hardened body of a hydraulic composition (hereinafter also referred to as the "method for improving the appearance of the present invention"), which comprises adding a surfactant (hereinafter also referred to as the "surfactant of the present invention") having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms, as measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C), to a hydraulic composition containing hydraulic powder and water.

[0165] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for improving the aesthetic appearance of a surface of a hardened body of a hydraulic composition, which comprises adding a surfactant of the present invention to a hydraulic composition containing hydraulic powder and water, and the surfactant has a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms when a measurement aqueous solution obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05 mass% to the bleeding water of the hydraulic composition is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C) (hereinafter, also referred to as "the surfactant of the present invention").

[0166] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for improving the surface aesthetics of a hardened body of a hydraulic composition, which comprises adding a surface aesthetics improver for hydraulic compositions of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as "the aesthetics improver of the present invention") to a hydraulic composition containing hydraulic powder and water, the aesthetics improver having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms (hereinafter also referred to as "the aesthetics improver of the present invention").

[0167] The aesthetic improvement method of the present invention includes the above three aesthetic improvement methods of the present invention.

[0168] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specific examples and preferred aspects of the surfactant and optional components of the present invention used in the aesthetic improvement method of the present invention can be the same as those described in the surfactant for the surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic composition of the present invention. Also, specific examples and preferred aspects of the aesthetic improver and optional components of the present invention used in the aesthetic improvement method of the present invention can be the same as those described in the surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic composition of the present invention. Also, specific examples and preferred aspects of the hydraulic powder used in the aesthetic improvement method of the present invention can be the same as those described in the hydraulic composition of the present invention. Also, the matters described in the aesthetic improver, hydraulic composition and method for producing the hardened product thereof of the present invention can be appropriately applied to the aesthetic improvement method of the present invention.

[0169] <Surface appearance improvement kit for hardened hydraulic composition> In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a surface aesthetic improvement kit for a hardened body of a hydraulic composition, which is a combination of a first agent containing the surfactant of the present invention and a second agent containing the cement dispersant described above. That is, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a surface aesthetic improvement kit for a hardened body of a hydraulic composition, which is a combination of a first agent containing a surfactant (hereinafter also referred to as "surfactant of the present invention") having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms when the surfactant is added at a concentration of 0.05 mass% to the bleeding water of the hydraulic composition and the aqueous solution for measurement is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C), and a second agent containing the cement dispersant (hereinafter also referred to as "cement dispersant of the present invention").

[0170] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a surface aesthetic improvement kit for a hardened body of a hydraulic composition, which is a combination of an aqueous solution α containing the surfactant of the present invention and an aqueous solution β containing the cement dispersant. That is, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a surface aesthetic improvement kit for a hardened body of a hydraulic composition, which is a combination of an aqueous solution α containing a surfactant (hereinafter also referred to as "surfactant of the present invention") having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms, when the aqueous solution obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05 mass% to the bleeding water of the hydraulic composition is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C), and an aqueous solution β containing the cement dispersant (hereinafter also referred to as "cement dispersant of the present invention").

[0171] The aesthetic improvement kit of the present invention includes the above two aesthetic improvement kits.

[0172] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aesthetic improvement kit of the present invention is specifically configured to contain, in a separated state, an aqueous solution α containing the surfactant of the present invention and an aqueous solution β containing the cement dispersant of the present invention described above.

[0173] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as the aesthetic improvement kit of the present invention, the matters described in the surfactant for surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic composition of the present invention, the surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic composition, the hydraulic composition, the method for producing a hydraulic composition, the method for producing a hardened body of a hydraulic composition, and the method for improving the surface aesthetic of a hardened body of a hydraulic composition can be appropriately applied to a first agent containing the surfactant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution α, and a second agent containing the above-mentioned cement dispersant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution β.

[0174] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the beauty improvement kit of the present invention is preferably a kit in which the first agent containing the surfactant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution α, and the second agent containing the cement dispersant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution β, are filled in separate containers for storage.

[0175] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the amount of the surfactant of the present invention in the first agent, preferably in the aqueous solution α, is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and is preferably 100% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or less, and even more preferably 20% by mass or less.

[0176] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the cement dispersant of the present invention is preferably a copolymer containing, as constituent monomers, a monomer (1b) represented by the general formula (1b) and a monomer (2b) represented by the general formula (2b). The amount of the cement dispersant of the present invention is preferably such that the content of the copolymer in the second agent, preferably the aqueous solution β, is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 20% by mass or more, and is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or less.

[0177] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the aesthetic improvement kit of the present invention, from the viewpoint of compatibility between the aqueous solutions α and β, it is preferable that an optional product stabilizer is contained in at least one of the first agent containing the surfactant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution α, and the second agent containing the cement dispersant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution β.

[0178] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aesthetic improvement kit of the present invention preferably contains an optional defoaming agent or air entraining agent in at least one of the first agent containing the surfactant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution α, and the second agent containing the cement dispersant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution β, from the viewpoint of the air entrainment property of the hydraulic composition.

[0179] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as the aesthetic improvement kit of the present invention, from the viewpoint of air entrainment property of the hydraulic composition, it is preferable that an optional defoaming agent is included in at least one of the first agent containing the surfactant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution α, and the second agent containing the cement dispersant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution β, and from the viewpoint of air entrainment property of the hydraulic composition, it is preferable that an optional air entraining agent is included in at least one of the first agent containing the surfactant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution α, and the second agent containing the cement dispersant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution β.

[0180] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the aesthetic improvement kit of the present invention, a first agent containing the surfactant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution α, and a second agent containing the cement dispersant of the present invention, preferably the aqueous solution β, are mixed in such a manner that the mass ratio of the surfactant of the present invention and the cement dispersant of the present invention, preferably the copolymer which is the cement dispersant of the present invention, "surfactant / cement dispersant" is preferably 10 / 90 or more and preferably 90 / 10 or less, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble marks on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition, within the above range.

[0181] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the aesthetic improvement kit of the present invention, a first agent containing the surfactant of the present invention and a second agent containing the cement dispersant of the present invention are used by mixing with water, and the total content of the surfactant of the present invention and the cement dispersant of the present invention, preferably the above-mentioned copolymer which is the cement dispersant of the present invention, is preferably 0.1 part by mass or more, more preferably 0.15 part by mass or more, and is preferably 1 part by mass or less, more preferably 0.5 part by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of water, from the viewpoint of the effect of reducing the amount of air bubble traces on the surface of the hardened body of the hydraulic composition. EXAMPLES

[0182] The formulation of the hydraulic composition is shown in Table 1, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 2. The compounds in the table are as follows. The numbers in parentheses indicate the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added. The HLB of component (A) is the HLB measured by the Griffin method.

[0183] <Surfactants used in Comparative Examples> Palm kernel oil fatty acid diethanolamide: Product name: Aminone PK02-S, manufactured by Kao Corporation

[0184] <Surfactants used in the examples> Polyoxyethylene (3) decyl ether; the surfactant obtained in Production Example 1 (when a 0.3% by mass aqueous solution of the surfactant was measured by the bubble pressure method (20°C), the σ3 was 56 mN / m and the σ4 was 29 mN / m), HLB 9.1 Polyoxyethylene (5) lauryl ether: surfactant obtained in Production Example 2 (when a 0.3% by mass aqueous surfactant solution was measured by the bubble pressure method (20°C), the σ3 was 62 mN / m and the σ4 was 25 mN / m), HLB 10.8 Polyoxyethylene (2) decyl ether; a surfactant obtained in Production Example 3 (when a 0.3% by mass aqueous surfactant solution was measured by the bubble pressure method (20°C), the σ3 was 60 mN / m and the σ4 was 25 mN / m), HLB 7.2

[0185] [Production Example 1] Preparation of polyoxyethylene (3) decyl ether 1060g (6.71 mol) of decyl alcohol and 4.36g (0.067 mol) of potassium hydroxide (86% pure content) were charged into a 2L autoclave equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, and EO inlet tube, and after replacing with nitrogen, dehydration was performed for 30 minutes at 110°C and -0.101 MPa. Then, 884g (20.1 mol) of ethylene oxide was supplied to the above-mentioned mixed reaction product at an initial nitrogen pressure of 0.005 MPa and 155±5°C to react. Then, 4.095g (0.068 mol) of acetic acid was added to neutralize. The average number of moles of EO added in the obtained product was 1 When confirmed by 1 H-NMR, the average number of moles of EO added was 3 moles.

[0186] [Production Example 2] Preparation of polyoxyethylene (2) decyl ether The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Production Example 1, except that 884 g (20.1 mol) of ethylene oxide in Production Example 1 was replaced with 590 g (13.4 mol) of ethylene oxide. The average number of moles of EO added in the obtained product was 1 When confirmed by 1 H-NMR, the average number of moles of EO added was 2 moles.

[0187] [Production Example 3] Preparation of polyoxyethylene (5) lauryl ether 1250g (6.71 mol) of lauryl alcohol and 4.36g (0.067 mol) of potassium hydroxide (86% pure content) were charged into a 2L autoclave equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, and EO inlet tube, and after replacing with nitrogen, dehydration was performed at 110°C and -0.101 MPa for 30 minutes. Then, 1474g (33.5 mol) of ethylene oxide was supplied to the mixed reaction product at an initial nitrogen pressure of 0.005 MPa and 155±5°C to react. Then, 4.095g (0.068 mol) of acetic acid was added to neutralize. The average number of moles of EO added in the obtained product was 1 When confirmed by 1 H-NMR, the average number of moles of EO added was 5 moles.

[0188] [Table 1]

[0189] The mass ratio of water to hydraulic powder (W / C) was 30 parts by mass for 100 parts by mass of hydraulic powder. The amount of fine aggregate was 115 parts by mass for 100 parts by mass of hydraulic powder. The ingredients used were as follows: W: Mixing water (tap water (Wakayama City tap water)) C: Ordinary Portland cement (manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement Corporation, density 3.16g / cm 3 ) ·S: Fine aggregate (yama sand from Joyo, Kyoto Prefecture, density 2.50g / cm 3 ) G: Coarse aggregate (andesite crushed stone from Nishijima, Hyogo Prefecture (10-20 mm diameter crushed stone / 5-10 mm diameter crushed stone mixed at a mass ratio of 1 / 1), density 2.63 g / cm 3 )

[0190] (1) Preparation of hydraulic composition Under the mixing conditions shown in Table 1, coarse aggregate (G), half of the fine aggregate (S), half of the cement (C), and the remaining half of the fine aggregate (S) were charged in this order into a forced twin-shaft mixer (manufactured by IHI Corporation), and dry-mixed for 15 seconds. Then, mixing water of the following composition was charged, and mixing was performed for 90 seconds to prepare a hydraulic composition. The mixing water contained the surfactant shown in Table 2, the following component (B), the following component (C), and the following component (D), and the concentrations of each component in the mixing water were adjusted to 0.05 mass% of the surfactant shown in Table 2, 0.82 mass% of the following component (B), 0.15 mass% of the following component (C) (the mass ratio (c-2) / (c-1) of the following component (c-2) to the following component (c-1) in the above component (C) was 0.125), and 0.0033 mass% of the following component (D).

[0191] <Optional components used in preparation of the hydraulic composition (1)> (B) Polycarboxylic acid dispersant; methacrylic acid / methoxypolyethylene glycol (23) monomethacrylate copolymer (the number in parentheses is the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added) (C) (c-1) Compound represented by the above general formula (c); sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate (in the above general formula (c), R 1c represents a hydrocarbon group having an average carbon number of 18, n is 23, m is 0, and M is a sodium ion. ), (c-2); phenoxyethanol, manufactured by Dow Chemical Company (D) Defoamer: Silicone-based defoamer (Antifoam E-20, manufactured by Kao Corporation; HLB according to the Griffin method cannot be calculated because the structure is unknown)

[0192] (2) Dynamic surface tension measurement (2-1) Dynamic surface tension measurement of surfactants The dynamic surface tensions (σ3 and σ4) of the surfactants were measured using a bubble pressure dynamic surface tensiometer (product name: BP100) manufactured by KRUSS (20°C, capillary diameter: 0.2-0.3 mm, measurement time: 10 ms-10,000 ms).

[0193] (2-2) Dynamic surface tension measurement of surface aesthetic improvers for hydraulic compositions A 5L plastic bottle was filled with 4kg of tap water and ordinary Portland cement (manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement Corporation, density 3.16g / cm 3 ) was poured into the plastic bottle, and after sufficient shaking, the plastic bottle was left to stand for 24 hours in a 20°C environment. The supernatant liquid of the plastic bottle was filtered through 5C filter paper to obtain ordinary Portland cement bleeding water. The (A) surfactant shown in Table 2 was added at 0.05 mass%, the following (B) at 0.82 mass%, the following (C) at 0.15 mass%, and the following (D) at 0.0033 mass% were added to the obtained bleeding water. The dynamic surface tension of the obtained aqueous solution was measured by the method described in (2-1) above. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0194] <Optional components contained in the surface appearance improver for hydraulic composition (2-2)> (B): Polycarboxylic acid dispersant; methacrylic acid / methoxypolyethylene glycol (23) monomethacrylate (polymerization ratio 75 / 25 molar ratio) copolymer (the number in parentheses is the average number of moles of oxyethylene groups added) (C): (c-1) A compound represented by the general formula (c); sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate (in the general formula (c), R 1c is a hydrocarbon group with an average of 18 carbon atoms, n is 23, m is 0, and M is a sodium ion.) (D): Silicone-based defoamer (Antifoam E-20, Kao Corporation)

[0195] (3) Measurement of air bubble traces in hardened hydraulic compositions (3-1) Preparation of hardened hydraulic composition The hydraulic composition obtained above was filled into a 0.1m x 0.2m x 0.5m steel formwork from the 0.2m x 0.5m surface without vibration, and cured at 20°C to harden. The hardened hydraulic composition was removed from the formwork 24 hours after preparation. An oil-based straight type release agent was applied to the inside of the formwork.

[0196] (3-2) Measurement of air bubble traces in hardened hydraulic composition The surface of one side (0.2m x 0.5m) of the removed hardened body was rubbed with a plastic brush to remove the thin skin, and the image data of the surface was photographed with a smartphone and converted to two colors using ImageJ (areas with air bubble marks were black, and other areas were white). The area ratio of the air bubble marks on the hardened body surface was calculated from the ratio of each color using the following formula, which was used to determine the amount of air bubble marks (area %). The results are shown in Table 2. Bubble trace amount (area%) = [Bubble trace area (m 2 ) / 0.2m x 0.5m surface of poured side (m 2 )] x 100

[0197] [Table 2]

[0198] From the results of Examples 1 to 3, it was confirmed that the hardened hydraulic composition using the surface appearance improver for hydraulic composition of the present invention had few air bubble marks on its surface, with less than 1% of the marks being small.

Claims

1. A surface aesthetic improver for a hydraulic composition, which has a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more after a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less after a bubble film life of 1000 ms, when measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C), The surface appearance improver for a hydraulic composition contains a surfactant, The surface appearance improver for a hydraulic composition, wherein the mass ratio of the content of the (poly)glycoside to the content of the surfactant is 0.01 or less.

2. A surface aesthetic improver for a hydraulic composition according to claim 1, wherein when a measuring aqueous solution obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05% by mass to bleeding water of the hydraulic composition described below is measured by the bubble pressure method (20°C), the dynamic surface tension (σ1) at a bubble film life of 10 ms is 55 mN / m or more and the dynamic surface tension (σ2) at a bubble film life of 1000 ms is 35 mN / m or less. [Bleeding water for hydraulic composition] 4 kg of tap water and 1 kg of ordinary Portland cement are placed in a 5 L plastic bottle and shaken thoroughly, after which the plastic bottle is left to stand for 24 hours in an environment at 20°C. The supernatant liquid from the plastic bottle is filtered through 5C filter paper to obtain bleeding water for ordinary Portland cement.

3. A surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the surfactant is a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether having an average carbon number of the alkyl group of 9 or more and 12 or less and an average added mole number of ethylene oxide of 1 or more and 6 or less.

4. A surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the surfactant is one or more selected from polyoxyethylene (5) lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene (2) decyl ether, and polyoxyethylene (3) decyl ether.

5. The surface appearance improver for a hydraulic composition according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a cement dispersant.

6. The surface appearance improver for a hydraulic composition according to claim 5, wherein the cement dispersant comprises a copolymer containing, as constituent monomers, a monomer (1b) represented by the following general formula (1b) and a monomer (2b) represented by the following general formula (2b): 【Chemistry 1】 [During the ceremony, R 1b , R 2b , R 3b may be the same or different, and may be a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or (CH 2 ) rCOOM 2 and (CH 2 ) rCOOM 2 is COOM 1 or other (CH 2 ) rCOOM2 and may form an anhydride, in which case, M of these groups 1 , M 2 does not exist. M 1 , M 2 may be the same or different, and are a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal (1 / 2 atom), an ammonium group, an alkylammonium group, a substituted alkylammonium group, an alkyl group, a hydroalkyl group, or an alkenyl group r: a number between 0 and 2 indicates.] 【Chemistry 2】 [During the ceremony, R 4b , R 5b : may be the same or different, and may be a hydrogen atom or a methyl group R 6b : a hydrogen atom or -COO(AO) n1 R 7b R 7b : a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms AO: an alkyleneoxy group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms n1: average number of moles of AO added, a number of 4 or more and 200 or less q1: a number between 0 and 2 p1: 0 or 1 indicates.]

7. A surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions as described in claim 5, wherein the content of the cement dispersant in the surface aesthetic improver for hydraulic compositions is 10% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less.

8. The surface appearance improver for a hydraulic composition according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formula (c): 2 1c --[(5O) n ・(P) m )-39 3 M (c) [In the formula, R 1c represents a hydrocarbon group having an average carbon number of 4 to 20, EO represents an oxyethylene group, PO represents an oxypropylene group, n represents the average number of moles of EO added and is a number of 1 to 50, m represents the average number of moles of PO added and is a number of 0 to 10, and EO and PO may be bonded in blocks or randomly. M represents a counter cation.

9. The surface aesthetic improver according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an antifoaming agent.

10. A hydraulic composition comprising the surface appearance improver for hydraulic compositions according to claim 1 or 2, hydraulic powder, and water.

11. The hydraulic composition according to claim 10, wherein the amount of the surfactant added is 0.005 parts by mass or more and 1.0 part by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic powder.

12. A method for producing a hardened hydraulic composition, comprising the steps of: preparing a hydraulic composition by mixing the surface aesthetics improver for hydraulic compositions described in claim 1 or 2, hydraulic powder, and water; filling the prepared hydraulic composition into a formwork and hardening it; and demolding the hardened hydraulic composition.

13. Use of a surfactant as a surface aesthetic improver for a hydraulic composition, the surfactant having a dynamic surface tension (σ1) of 55 mN / m or more at a bubble film life of 10 ms and a dynamic surface tension (σ2) of 35 mN / m or less at a bubble film life of 1000 ms when a measuring aqueous solution obtained by adding a surfactant at a concentration of 0.05 mass % to bleeding water of the following hydraulic composition is measured by a bubble pressure method (20°C). [Bleeding water for hydraulic composition] 4 kg of tap water and 1 kg of ordinary Portland cement are placed in a 5 L plastic bottle and shaken thoroughly, after which the plastic bottle is left to stand for 24 hours in an environment at 20°C. The supernatant liquid from the plastic bottle is filtered through 5C filter paper to obtain ordinary Portland cement bleeding water.

14. 3. A kit for improving the surface appearance of a hardened hydraulic composition, comprising a combination of an aqueous solution α containing the surfactant according to claim 1 or 2 and an aqueous solution β containing the cement dispersant described below. [Cement dispersant] A copolymer containing, as constituent monomers, a monomer (1b) represented by the following general formula (1b) and a monomer (2b) represented by the following general formula (2b). 【Chemistry 1】 [During the ceremony, R 1b , R 2b , R 3b may be the same or different, and may be a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or (CH 2 ) rCOOM 2 and (CH 2 ) rCOOM 2 is COOM 1 or other (CH 2 ) rCOOM2 and may form an anhydride, in which case, M of these groups 1 , M 2 does not exist. M 1 , M 2 may be the same or different, and are a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal (1 / 2 atom), an ammonium group, an alkylammonium group, a substituted alkylammonium group, an alkyl group, a hydroalkyl group, or an alkenyl group r: a number between 0 and 2 indicates.] 【Chemistry 2】 [During the ceremony, R 4b , R 5b : may be the same or different, and may be a hydrogen atom or a methyl group R 6b : a hydrogen atom or -COO(AO) n1 R 7b R 7b : a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms AO: an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms n1: average number of moles of AO added, a number of 4 or more and 200 or less q1: a number between 0 and 2 p1: 0 or 1 indicates.]

15. A kit for improving the surface appearance of a hardened hydraulic composition as described in Claim 14, wherein the aqueous solution α and the aqueous solution β are mixed in a mass ratio [surfactant / cement dispersant] of the surfactant contained in the aqueous solution α to the cement dispersant contained in the aqueous solution β in the range of 10 / 90 or more and 90 / 10 or less.

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