Disaster prevention system, and fire detector

Abstract

To make it possible to suppress non-fire alarm by determining reliability of a fire detector to which a fire signal is transmitted.SOLUTION: A fire detector 12 determines a fire when a plurality of fire determination conditions are satisfied; determines a failure sign of the fire detector 12 without determined as a fire when at least part of the plurality of fire determination conditions is not satisfied; and counts the number of failure signs each determined as the failure sign, or increments a cumulative value obtained by counting the number of the failure signs. Further, the fire detector 12 determines a failure when a level of a light-receiving signal received by a sensor part 64 satisfies a predetermined failure determination condition; determines the failure sign when the light-receiving signal received by the sensor part 64 satisfies a predetermined failure sign determination condition severer than the predetermined failure determination condition; and counts the number of the determined failure signs.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a disaster prevention system and a fire detector that monitors fires in a tunnel using a fire detector connected to a signal line drawn from a disaster prevention receiving panel. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, fire detectors are installed in tunnels on expressways and other roads to monitor for fires in order to protect people and vehicles from fires that may occur within the tunnel. These detectors are connected to signal lines drawn from a disaster prevention receiving panel to monitor for fires.

[0003] The fire detectors have detection areas on both the left and right sides and are arranged consecutively along the length of the tunnel, for example at intervals of 25 m or 50 m, so that the detection areas of adjacent fire detectors overlap in a mutually complementary manner.

[0004] In addition, the fire detector monitors radiation, such as infrared rays, from fire flames occurring inside the tunnel through a translucent window, and in order to maintain its flame monitoring function, sensitivity tests are conducted to check the sensitivity of the light-receiving element and dirt tests are conducted to monitor dirt on the translucent window.

[0005] However, with such conventional fire detectors, if the detector has been in operation for a long time and has deteriorated, even if it appears to be operating normally without any sensor failures being detected in sensitivity tests or abnormal dirt in dirt tests, there is a possibility that the fire detector will output a fire detection signal and a non-fire alarm will be issued from the disaster prevention receiving panel.In such a case, until it is confirmed that this is not a fire alarm, a no-entry alarm will be issued using an alarm display board or the like to prohibit vehicles from passing through the tunnel, and a person in charge will have to go to the site to check, which will take time and effort to reopen traffic through the tunnel, and will have a significant impact, such as causing traffic congestion.

[0006] For this reason, a tunnel disaster prevention system has been proposed in which the disaster prevention receiving panel determines the degree of deterioration of the fire detector based on environmental stresses such as temperature, humidity, shock vibration, and electrical noise, and issues an alert.By being able to grasp the progress of deterioration of the fire detector, it is possible to take action such as replacing the fire detector with a spare fire detector before a false fire alarm is issued.

[0007] In addition, in conventional tunnel disaster prevention systems, when the disaster prevention receiving panel receives a fire signal from a fire detector, the fire detector is temporarily restored after a specified time in order to prevent false fire alerts. If a fire signal is received again within the specified time, it is determined to be a fire and a no-entry warning is issued using an alarm display board or the like. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] JP 2002-246962 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2016-128796 A [Patent Document 3] JP 2018-169893 A [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-290370 Summary of the Invention

[0009] However, with such conventional fire detectors, if a fire signal is sent due to an erroneous fire judgment caused by a malfunction or an unexpected non-fire factor, etc., the fire signal may be sent again even after the detector has been restored if the malfunction or non-fire factor has not been resolved, and the problem of non-fire alarms still remains.

[0010] An object of the present invention is to provide a disaster prevention system and a fire detector that are capable of suppressing false fire alarms by determining the reliability of a fire detector that has transmitted a fire signal. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] (Fire detector: Counting the number of malfunction signs based on fire judgment criteria1) The present invention is a fire detector that determines that a fire has occurred when a plurality of fire determination conditions are satisfied, If at least some of the multiple fire judgment conditions are not satisfied, the system does not judge it to be a fire but judges it to be a sign of a malfunction of the fire detector, and counts the number of times that the malfunction sign is judged to be a sign of a malfunction.

[0012] (Fire detector: Counting the number of malfunction signs based on fire judgment criteria 2) Another aspect of the present invention is a fire detector that determines that a fire occurs when a plurality of fire determination conditions are satisfied, If at least some of the multiple fire judgment conditions are not satisfied, the system does not judge it to be a fire but judges it to be a sign of a malfunction in the fire detector, and each time it is judged to be a sign of a malfunction, the cumulative value of the count of the number of malfunction signs is incremented.

[0013] (Fire detector: Counting the number of malfunction signs based on fire judgment criteria3) Another aspect of the present invention is a fire detector that determines a fire based on a plurality of fire determination conditions, If all of the fire determination conditions are met, it is determined to be a fire. If some of the multiple fire judgment conditions are not satisfied, it is judged to be a sign of a fire detector malfunction, and the number of times that such a malfunction sign has been judged to be a sign of a malfunction is counted.

[0014] (Fire detector: Counting the number of malfunction indications based on the level of the received light signal) Another aspect of the present invention is a fire detector based on light received by a sensor unit, If the level of the light reception signal received by the sensor unit satisfies a predetermined failure judgment condition, it is judged that the fire detector has failed, When the level of the light reception signal received by the sensor unit satisfies a specified failure indication judgment condition that is stricter than the predetermined failure judgment condition, it is judged to be a failure indication of the fire detector, and the number of failure indications judged to be failure indications is counted.

[0015] (Sending a fault signal) If it determines that the fire detector has failed, it sends a failure signal.

[0016] (Sending a failure prediction signal) When the number of failure signs satisfies a predetermined condition, a failure sign signal is transmitted.

[0017] (Transmission of failure prediction information) Fault sign information including information indicating the number of times the fault sign has occurred is transmitted.

[0018] (Resetting the counted number of occurrences of the failure symptoms) The count of the number of occurrences of a fault sign is reset when a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the number of occurrences of a fault sign was counted.

[0019] (Disaster prevention system: sending and receiving failure warning signals) Another aspect of the present invention is a fire detector as described above, comprising: A disaster prevention receiving panel to which a fire detector is connected by a signal line; A disaster prevention system comprising: The fire detector is characterized in that, when the number of malfunction indications meets a predetermined condition, it transmits a malfunction indication signal to a disaster prevention receiving panel via a signal line.

[0020] (Disaster prevention system: sending and receiving failure warning information) Another aspect of the present invention is a fire detector as described above, comprising: A disaster prevention receiving panel to which a fire detector is connected by a signal line; A disaster prevention system comprising: The disaster prevention receiving panel is characterized by receiving failure sign information including information indicating the number of occurrences of failure signs from the fire detector via a signal line. Effect of the Invention

[0021] (Fire detector: Effect of counting the number of failure signs based on fire judgment criteria) The invention of a fire detector characterized by counting the number of failure signs based on fire judgment conditions can be used as a basis for judging reliability by determining the number of failure signs that occurred that did not lead to a fire being determined based on multiple fire judgment conditions by the fire detector.Even if the fire detector determines a fire, if there are a large number of failure signs, it can be judged as a decrease in reliability as there is a high possibility that it is not a fire alarm, making it possible to reliably prevent fires being handled due to non-fire alarms.

[0022] (Fire detector: Effect of counting the number of failure signs based on the level of the received light signal) In addition, the fire detector is configured so that when the level of the light receiving signal of the light received by the sensor unit satisfies predetermined failure judgment conditions, it is judged to be a failure of the fire detector, and when the level of the light receiving signal of the light received by the sensor unit satisfies predetermined failure sign judgment conditions that are stricter than the predetermined failure judgment conditions, it is judged to be a failure sign of the fire detector, and the number of failure signs judged to be failure signs is counted.Therefore, for example, when the level of the light receiving signal in a fire detector test satisfies predetermined failure sign judgment conditions that are stricter than the predetermined failure judgment conditions, it is judged to be a failure sign and the number of occurrences of the failure sign can be calculated, which can be used as a basis for judging reliability.Even if the fire detector does not detect a failure of the light receiving element, if the number of occurrences of the failure sign is high, it is highly likely that it is a non-fire alarm, so it is judged to have a reduced reliability, making it possible to reliably prevent fires from being handled due to non-fire alarms. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] An explanatory diagram showing the overview of the tunnel disaster prevention system [Diagram 2] An explanatory diagram showing the detection area of ​​a fire detector [Diagram 3] An explanatory diagram showing the appearance of a fire detector [Figure 4] Block diagram showing the outline of the functional configuration of a fire detector [Diagram 5] Flowchart showing the control operation of the fire detector [Figure 6] Block diagram showing the outline of the functional configuration of the disaster prevention receiving panel [Figure 7] A time chart showing the control operations when the disaster prevention receiving panel determines that the fire detector is reliable. [Figure 8] A time chart showing the control action taken when the disaster prevention receiving panel determines that the reliability of the fire detector has decreased. [Figure 9] A time chart showing the control operation of the disaster prevention receiving panel when a malfunction warning is received from a fire detector. [Figure 10] An explanatory diagram showing the peak level of the received light signal and the number of occurrences of failure signs when the internal test light source is activated during a fire detector sensitivity test. [Figure 11] Flowchart showing sensitivity testing of fire detectors with failure prediction judgment DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0024] [Tunnel disaster prevention system] [Basic Concept of the Embodiment] Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of a tunnel disaster prevention system, and Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the detection area of ​​a fire detector. The basic concept of the tunnel disaster prevention system according to this embodiment is that the fire detectors 12 in the tunnel connected to the signal lines 14a, 14b for each signal system from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 at least temporarily store failure sign information based on the number of occurrences of a predetermined failure sign, for example, failure sign information indicating the number of occurrences of the failure sign, and when the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 receives a fire signal from the fire detector 12, it acquires the failure sign information from the fire detector 12 and evaluates and judges the reliability of the fire detector 12, and when it judges that the fire detector 12 is reliable, it performs a predetermined fire process when it receives a fire signal again after recovering the fire detector 12, and when it judges that the reliability has decreased, it sets a predetermined first fire judgment accumulation condition (for example, a first accumulation number threshold) of the fire detector 12 to the first fire judgment accumulation condition. The first fire detection condition is changed to a second fire judgment accumulation condition (a second accumulation count threshold higher than the first accumulation count threshold) which is stricter than the first fire detection condition, and then a prescribed fire processing is carried out when a fire signal is received from the fire detector 12 for which the fire judgment accumulation condition has been changed and from at least one of the adjacent fire detectors which are overlappingly monitoring the detection area of ​​the fire detector 12. Even if the fire detector 12 transmits a fire signal due to a failure of the light receiving element or an unexpected non-fire cause, the reliability is evaluated from the failure sign information of the fire detector 12 that transmitted the fire signal and a determination is made as to whether the reliability is reliable or has decreased. If it is determined that the reliability has decreased, the fire is regarded as not being a fire and fire processing involving a tunnel entry no-entry alarm, etc. is not carried out, thereby making it possible to more reliably prevent passage through the tunnel being stopped due to a non-fire alarm than before.

[0025] In addition, even if the reliability of the fire detector 12 is evaluated based on the failure prediction information and a decrease in reliability is determined, and thus a non-fire alarm is deemed to have occurred, if it is an actual fire, the first fire judgment accumulation condition of the fire detector that sent the first fire signal can be changed to a stricter second fire judgment accumulation condition, making it less likely to issue a non-fire alarm.In addition, by receiving a fire signal from the fire detector whose fire judgment accumulation condition has been changed and from at least one adjacent fire detector that is overlappingly monitoring the detection area of ​​the fire detector, a fire can be determined and fire treatment, including a no-entry warning for the tunnel, can be carried out, making it possible to reliably detect and deal with fires.

[0026] In addition, by having the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 determine the reliability of the fire detector, the burden on the fire detector 12 is reduced.

[0027] Furthermore, environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, electrical noise, etc. may be specific to each tunnel, each signal system, or each section. Taking this into consideration, the reliability of the fire detectors 12 for each tunnel, each signal system, or each section can be evaluated from the failure symptom information indicating the number of occurrences of failure symptoms of the fire detectors 12 installed on a tunnel (tube) basis, a signal system basis, or a section basis, and it can be determined whether the detectors are reliable or have a reduced reliability.

[0028] In this embodiment, a failure sign refers to a phenomenon that predicts a failure that will occur in the future, and can also be called a sign of failure, a precursor to failure, a sign of failure, or the like.

[0029] In addition, while in the example of Figure 1 there is a one-to-one correspondence between signal systems and tunnels, for example, one tunnel can be provided with multiple signal systems, or multiple tunnels can be treated as one signal system, and the relationship between signal systems and tunnels is arbitrary.

[0030] In the following description, the explanations of Figures 1 to 9 correspond to the tunnel disaster prevention system of the first invention and the fire detectors of the third and fourth inventions, and the explanations of Figures 10 to 11 correspond to the tunnel disaster prevention system of the second and seventh inventions and the fire detectors of the fifth and sixth inventions. Note that the third to sixth inventions do not preclude only one fire detector from being connected to one signal system.

[0031] [Outline of tunnel disaster prevention system] As shown in Fig. 1, an up-line tunnel 1a and an out-line tunnel 1b are constructed as tunnels for a motorway. Inside the up-line tunnel 1a and the out-line tunnel 1b, fire detectors 12 are installed at intervals of, for example, 25 meters or 50 meters along the walls in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

[0032] The fire detector 12 is equipped with two sets of fire detection parts, a right eye and a left eye, and has detection areas 15 in both the upward and downward directions of the tunnel length, as shown in Figure 2. Adjacent fire detectors 12 and their detection areas 15 are continuously arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel so that, for example, the right eye 13R and the left eye 13L overlap in a mutually complementary manner, and monitor and detect fires by observing infrared rays from flames caused by a fire within the detection area 15.

[0033] In addition, emergency facilities such as manual reporting devices and emergency telephones for reporting fires, fire hydrant devices for extinguishing fires and preventing the spread of fires, and water spray equipment that sprays fire water from water spray heads to protect the tunnel structure and ducts from fires are also installed in the up-bound tunnel 1a and the down-bound tunnel 1b, but these are not shown in the figure.

[0034] A power signal line and signal lines 14a, 14b are drawn from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to the up line tunnel 1a and the down line tunnel 1b, and multiple fire detectors 12 are connected to each of them, and each fire detector 12 is assigned a unique address. In the following explanation, the signal lines 14a, 14b may be referred to as signal line 14 when there is no need to distinguish between them.

[0035] In addition, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 is provided with a fire pump equipment 16, duct cooling pump equipment 18, IG substation equipment 20, ventilation equipment 22, alarm display board equipment 24, radio rebroadcast equipment 26, television monitoring equipment 28 and lighting equipment 30, etc., and the fire detector 12 and the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 communicate via a signal line 14 using the so-called R-type transmission method.

[0036] Here, the IG slave station equipment 20 is a communication equipment that connects the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 and a remote monitoring and control equipment 32, which is a higher-level equipment provided externally, via a network.

[0037] The ventilation equipment 22 is equipment that generates ventilation airflow in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel by operating jet fans installed on the ceiling side inside the tunnel.

[0038] The warning display board equipment 24 is equipment that displays information such as no entry warnings due to fires on an electronic display board to inform users. The radio rebroadcast equipment 26 is equipment that enables drivers and others inside the tunnel to receive information from the road administrator. The television monitoring equipment 28 is equipment for checking the scale and location of a fire, activating the water spray equipment, and grasping the situation inside the tunnel when providing evacuation guidance. The lighting equipment 30 is equipment that drives and manages the lighting equipment inside the tunnel.

[0039] [Fire detector] (Appearance of a fire detector) FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the external appearance of the fire detector, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the fire detector.

[0040] 3, the fire detector 12 has two pairs of light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L separated into left and right in a sensor storage section 46 provided in the upper part of the housing 44, and a sensor section is built in corresponding to each of the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L. In addition, two pairs of light-transmitting windows 52R, 52L for test light sources that store external test light sources used for soiling tests of the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L are provided near the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L at positions where the sensor sections can be seen through.

[0041] In the following description, the light-transmitting window 50R may be referred to as the right-eye light-transmitting window 50R, and the light-transmitting window 50L may be referred to as the left-eye light-transmitting window 50L.

[0042] (Outline of fire detector configuration) 4, the fire detector 12 is provided with a detector control unit 54, a transmission unit 56, a power supply unit 58, two sets of left and right fire detection units 60R, 60L, a test light emission drive unit 76, internal test light sources 78R, 80R, 82R and internal test light sources 78L, 80L, 82L used in sensitivity tests, and external test light sources 84R, 84L used in dirt tests. In the following description, the fire detection unit 60R may be referred to as the right eye fire detection unit 60R, and the fire detection unit 60L may be referred to as the left eye fire detection unit 60L.

[0043] The detector control unit 54 has a function realized by, for example, executing a program, and as hardware, a computer circuit equipped with a CPU, memory, various input / output ports, etc. is used.

[0044] The transmission unit 56 is connected to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 shown in FIG. 1 by the transmission line S and the transmission common line SC of the signal line 14, and various signals are transmitted and received by R-type transmission.

[0045] The power supply unit 58 receives power from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 shown in Figure 1 via the power line B and power common line BC included in the signal line 14, and a predetermined power supply voltage is supplied to, for example, the detector control unit 54, the transmission unit 56, the two sets of fire detection units 60R, 60L (left and right), and the test light emission driving unit 76.

[0046] The test light emission driver 76 is connected to internal test light sources 78R, 80R, 82R, 78L, 80L, and 82L used for sensitivity tests, and also to external test light sources 84R and 84L used for dirt tests, each of which is provided with a krypton lamp as a light emitting element.

[0047] (Fire detection section) The fire detection units 60R, 60L include sensor units 64, 68, 72 and amplification processing units 66, 70, 74. For example, in the case of the right eye fire detection unit 60R, a right eye light-transmitting window 50R provided in the sensor storage unit 46 is disposed in front of the sensor units 64, 68, 72, and infrared energy from an external detection area is incident on the sensor units 64, 68, 72 through the right eye light-transmitting window 50R.

[0048] The right eye fire detection unit 60R monitors fires, for example, by a three-wavelength flame detection. The sensor unit 64 selectively transmits (passes) infrared rays in the 4.5 μm band, which is a resonance radiation band of CO2 specific to flames, from the infrared energy incident through the right eye transparent window 50R using an optical wavelength bandpass filter, receives the infrared rays using a light receiving sensor, converts them photoelectrically, and then performs predetermined processing such as amplification using an amplification processing unit 66 to output the result as a flame light receiving signal E1R corresponding to the amount of received light energy to the detector control unit 54.

[0049] The sensor unit 68 selectively transmits (passes) infrared energy in the first non-flame wavelength band, for example the 5.0 μm band, from the infrared energy incident through the right eye transparent window 50R using an optical wavelength bandpass filter, receives the infrared energy using a light receiving sensor and performs photoelectric conversion, and then performs predetermined processing such as amplification using the amplification processing unit 70 to output the first non-flame light receiving signal E2R corresponding to the amount of received light energy to the detector control unit 54.

[0050] The sensor unit 72 selectively transmits (passes) infrared energy in the second non-flame wavelength band, for example, 2.3 μm, from the infrared energy incident through the right eye transparent window 50R using an optical wavelength bandpass filter, receives the infrared energy using a light receiving sensor and performs photoelectric conversion, and then performs predetermined processing such as amplification using the amplification processing unit 74 to output the second non-flame light receiving signal E3R corresponding to the amount of received light energy to the detector control unit 54.

[0051] The amplification processing units 66, 70, 74 are provided with a preamplifier, a frequency filter that selectively passes a predetermined frequency band including the flame flicker frequency, a main amplifier, and the like.

[0052] (Fire judgment) The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a fire determination unit 86, which is realized by executing a program. The fire determination unit 86 determines a fire in a plurality of fire determination stages based on the flame reception signal E1R, the first non-flame reception signal E2R, and the second non-flame reception signal E3R. The fire determination unit 86 performs fire determination in the following three stages, for example.

[0053] When the flame reception signal E1R is equal to or exceeds a predetermined threshold, the fire judgment unit 86 calculates the relative ratio (E1R / E2R) to the first non-flame reception signal E2R, and when the relative ratio (E1R / E2R) exceeds a predetermined threshold, it judges that the first-stage fire judgment condition is met, judging that there is a fire (fire candidate), and performs the next second-stage fire judgment.

[0054] The second stage fire judgment by the fire judgment unit 86 calculates the relative ratio (E1R / E3R) of the flame reception signal E1R to the second non-flame reception signal E3R, and if the relative ratio (E1R / E3R) exceeds a predetermined threshold, it judges that a fire has occurred as the second stage fire judgment conditions are met.

[0055] Next, the fire judgment unit 86 performs the third stage of fire judgment. The third stage fire judgment condition by the fire judgment unit 86 is to perform a fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the flame light receiving signal E1R, analyze the result, calculate the relative ratio of the relative intensity of the low frequency component of 4 Hz or less to the relative intensity of the high frequency component of more than 4 Hz and 8 Hz or less, for example, and if this relativization is equal to or exceeds a predetermined threshold value, it is judged that a fire exists as the third stage fire judgment condition is satisfied, and thus it is judged that a fire exists in all of the first to third fire judgment stages, and it is judged that a fire exists overall.

[0056] Furthermore, when the first to third stage fire judgment conditions are satisfied a predetermined number of times in succession, it is determined that a fire has occurred as a predetermined fire judgment accumulation condition is satisfied, and a fire signal is transmitted to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10. The same is done in the left eye fire detection unit 60L.

[0057] The fire judgment by the fire judgment unit 86 based on a plurality of fire judgment stages is not limited to the above fire judgment, and one or more fire judgment stages may be added, or, for example, any of the above three stages may be omitted to make it two stages, or, for example, it may be four stages including the accumulation judgment stage.

[0058] (Determining signs of failure) The fire judgment unit 86 judges that a malfunction symptom has occurred if a fire is not judged to be a fire in the middle of the three fire judgment stages described above and does not reach the stage of judging that a fire has occurred, and performs control to count the number of times N that a malfunction symptom has occurred using a counter.

[0059] Furthermore, when the number of occurrences N of the failure sign satisfies a predetermined failure sign judgment accumulation condition, for example, when the number of occurrences N of the failure sign reaches a predetermined threshold value Nth, the fire judgment unit 86 judges (confirms) it as a failure sign, transmits a failure sign signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and then performs a predetermined failure sign processing. The fire judgment unit 86 may further perform a predetermined failure sign processing when the number of confirmed failure signs reaches a predetermined number.

[0060] The predetermined failure indication processing by the fire judgment unit 86 is, for example, processing to stop the transmission of a fire signal, processing to increase the threshold for the number of accumulated fire judgments to make the fire judgment accumulation condition stricter, etc. The failure indication processing to stop the transmission of a fire signal is to stop the transmission of a fire signal and prevent the generation of a non-fire alarm, since even if a fire is judged after judging a failure indication, it is highly likely that the fire judgment is an erroneous fire judgment due to a failure. Note that it is also possible not to perform the processing to stop the transmission of a fire signal.

[0061] Furthermore, when the fire judgment unit 86 receives an internal status request command signal from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, it performs control to generate and transmit failure sign information indicating the number of occurrences N of failure signs obtained at that time, and the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 is used to evaluate the reliability of the fire detector 12 based on the number of occurrences N of failure signs extracted from the acquired failure sign information, and to determine whether the fire detector 12 is reliable or has deteriorated reliability. Note that the deterioration of reliability may be divided into multiple stages depending on the degree of deterioration, so that, for example, a deteriorated reliability state and an unreliable state can be distinguished.

[0062] The number of occurrences N of the failure signs counted by the counter is reset at every predetermined period or when a predetermined period has elapsed since the failure signs were counted. However, the number of occurrences N of the failure signs before the reset may be stored as failure sign information.

[0063] (Sensitivity test) The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a sensitivity test unit 88 as a function realized by executing a program. The sensitivity test unit 88 operates when it receives a test command signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56, and commands the test light emission driving unit 76 to drive the internal test light sources 78R, 80R, 82R, 78L, 80L, and 82L to emit light in sequence to perform a sensitivity test of the fire detection units 60R and 60L. Note that the internal test light sources 78R, 80R, and 82R and the internal test light sources 78L, 80L, and 82L may each be shared by one light source.

[0064] For example, taking the circuit system of the sensor unit 64 and amplification processing unit 66 in the right eye fire detection unit 60R as an example, the test light emission driving unit 76 drives the internal test light source 78R to emit light, thereby causing simulated flame light (infrared light simulating a flame) equivalent to a fire flame to be incident on the sensor unit 64.

[0065] For the circuit blocks of the sensor unit 64 and the amplification processing unit 66, a reference light reception value from an initial sensitivity test at the time of shipment from the factory is stored in memory, and the detected light reception value obtained in a sensitivity test at system startup approximately matches the reference light reception value, and the detection sensitivity coefficient obtained by dividing the detected light reception value by the reference light reception value is 1. As the operation period passes, the detected light reception value gradually decreases, and the detection sensitivity coefficient decreases to 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, and so on.

[0066] In this way, when the detection sensitivity coefficient falls below 1, the sensitivity testing unit 88 calculates a correction coefficient which is the reciprocal of the detection sensitivity coefficient and stores it in memory. Then, the sensitivity is corrected by multiplying the received light value detected during subsequent operation by the correction coefficient. The fire detection unit 86 then detects a fire based on the sensitivity-corrected received light value.

[0067] In addition, the sensitivity test unit 88 is preset with a sensitivity correction limit threshold value corresponding to the correction coefficient that is the limit of sensitivity correction, for example a sensitivity correction limit threshold value of 0.5, and if the sensitivity coefficient obtained in the sensitivity test is equal to or lower than the sensitivity correction limit threshold value, it determines that there is an abnormality in the sensitivity of the sensor unit 64, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set information indicating an abnormality in the sensitivity in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address, and controls the transmission unit 56 to transmit a sensitivity abnormality signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0068] In addition, the sensitivity test unit 88 is preset with a sensitivity abnormality precursor threshold of, for example, 0.6, corresponding to the sensitivity coefficient that indicates a sensitivity abnormality precursor before the sensitivity correction limit is reached. If the detection sensitivity coefficient obtained in the sensitivity test is equal to or falls below the sensitivity abnormality precursor threshold, it is determined that this is a precursor to a sensitivity abnormality state in which sensitivity correction will likely become impossible in the near future, and controls the transmission unit 56 to transmit a sensitivity abnormality precursor signal, indicating a sensitivity abnormality precursor, to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to alert the user.

[0069] In addition, if the sensitivity testing unit 88 detects a sign of sensitivity abnormality, this may be regarded as one of the signs of failure, and the number of occurrences N of the signs of failure may be increased by performing a counting operation using a counter in the fire judgment unit 86.

[0070] In addition, if the detection sensitivity coefficient increases to 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, etc. over the course of the operation period, it is corrected in the same way, and when it reaches its limit, it is deemed to be abnormal.

[0071] Sensitivity tests are also performed on the circuit systems of the sensor unit 68 and the amplification processing unit 70, and the sensor unit 72 and the amplification processing unit 74. Similarly, a sensitivity test is performed on the left fire detection unit 60L by driving the internal test light sources 78L, 80L, and 82L to emit light using the test light emission driving unit 76.

[0072] (Stain test) The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a dirt test unit 90 as a function realized by executing a program. The dirt test unit 90 operates when it receives a test instruction signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56, similar to the sensitivity test, and instructs the test light emission driving unit 76 to sequentially drive the external test light sources 84R, 84L to emit light to test the dirt on the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L.

[0073] For example, in the case of a stain test on the light-transmitting window 50R, the test light emission driving unit 76 drives the external test light source 84R to emit light, thereby causing simulated flame light equivalent to a fire flame to be incident on the sensor unit 64 via the test light-transmitting window 52R for test light source and the light-transmitting window 50R. The test light-transmitting window 52R for test light source and the light-transmitting window 50R are free of stains when shipped from the factory, and the light reception value obtained in the stain test at that time is stored in memory as a reference light reception value and is used to calculate the light attenuation rate.

[0074] The detected light reception value obtained in the dirt test at system startup roughly matches the reference light reception value, and the light attenuation rate obtained by subtracting the detected light reception value from the reference light reception value and dividing the value by the reference light reception value is 0. As the operation period passes, dirt adheres to the light-transmitting window 50R, and the light attenuation rate gradually increases to 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and so on.

[0075] When the light attenuation rate increases in this manner, the dirt test unit 90 determines the light attenuation rate through a dirt test and also determines a correction value which is the reciprocal of (1 - light attenuation rate) and stores this in memory. The light reception value detected in the subsequent operating state (the light reception value corrected by the correction value of the sensitivity test) is then divided by the correction value to perform a dirt correction, and the fire judgment unit 86 judges a fire based on the dirt-corrected light reception value.

[0076] The dirt test unit 90 also has a preset dirt threshold, e.g., a dirt threshold of 0.5, which is the light attenuation rate corresponding to the limit of dirt correction. If the light attenuation rate found in the dirt test is equal to or exceeds the dirt threshold, it determines that a dirt abnormality has occurred in which dirt correction of the translucent window 50R is impossible, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set dirt abnormality information in the response signal to a call signal that matches its own address, and controls the transmission of a dirt signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to alert the user.

[0077] The dirt test unit 90 is also preset with a dirt precursor threshold, e.g., a dirt precursor threshold of 0.6, which is the light attenuation rate corresponding to the precursor stage where dirt correction reaches its limit. If the light attenuation rate found in the dirt test is equal to or exceeds the dirt precursor threshold, it is determined to be in a dirt precursor state in which it is highly likely that dirt correction of the translucent window 50R will become impossible in the near future, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to transmit a dirt precursor signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to alert the user.

[0078] If the dirt test section 90 detects a sign of dirt, this may be regarded as a sign of failure, and the number of occurrences N of the sign of failure may be increased by performing a counting operation using a counter in the fire detection section 86.

[0079] (Fire detector control operation) FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the control operation of the fire detector, which is the control operation by the fire determination unit 86 shown in FIG.

[0080] As shown in FIG. 5, taking the fire detection unit 60R of FIG. 4 as an example, the fire judgment unit 86 takes in the flame reception signal E1R, the first non-flame reception signal E2R and the second non-flame reception signal E3R output from the amplification processing units 66, 70, 74 by AD conversion in step S1, and if the flame reception signal E1R is equal to or greater than a predetermined value in step S2, proceeds to step S3 and calculates the ratio (E1R / E2R) of the flame reception signal E1R to the first non-flame reception signal E2R, and if it is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, proceeds to step S4 as the first stage of fire judgment conditions are met, and in step S4, calculates the ratio (E1R / E3R) of the flame reception signal E1R to the second non-flame reception signal E3R, and if it is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, proceeds to step S5 as the second stage of fire judgment conditions are met.

[0081] Next, the fire judgment unit 86 performs a fast Fourier transform (FFT calculation) of the flame reception signal E1R in step S5, and if in step S6 the relative intensity ratio of the components on the low frequency side of, for example, 4 Hz or less and the high frequency side of, for example, more than 4 Hz and less than 8 Hz is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, it proceeds to step S7, determining that the third stage fire judgment condition is satisfied, and judges whether the first stage to third stage fire judgment conditions in steps S1 to S6 have been satisfied consecutively for a predetermined accumulated number threshold value.

[0082] Next, if the fire judgment unit 86 satisfies the accumulation count threshold as a predetermined fire judgment accumulation condition in step S7, the process proceeds to step S8, where it judges that a fire has occurred, and transmits a fire signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to cause the fire to be dealt with. Next, if it determines in step S9 that a fire restoration signal (restoration instruction signal) has been received from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, the fire detection is restored to the initial state in step S10, and the process returns to step S1.

[0083] On the other hand, if the first-stage fire judgment conditions are not satisfied in step S3, the fire judgment unit 86 judges that a fault sign has occurred, proceeds to step S11, and increments the counter N that counts the number of times the fault sign has occurred by +1. If the number of times N that the fault sign has occurred is less than a predetermined threshold number Nth in step S12, the process from step S1 is repeated.

[0084] In addition, when the fire judgment unit 86 determines that the first-stage fire judgment conditions in step S3 are satisfied but the second-stage fire judgment conditions in step S4 are not satisfied, the process proceeds to step S11 to increment the counter N that counts the number of times a failure sign has occurred by +1, and if the number of times N that a failure sign has occurred is less than a predetermined threshold number Nth in step S12, the process repeats from step S1.

[0085] Furthermore, when the fire judgment conditions for the first stage of step S3 and the second stage of step S4 are satisfied but the fire judgment conditions for the third stage of step S6 are not satisfied, the fire judgment unit 86 proceeds to step S11 and increments the counter N that counts the number of times a failure sign has occurred by +1, and if the number of times N that a failure sign has occurred is less than a predetermined threshold number Nth in step S12, the process from step S1 is repeated.

[0086] By repeatedly counting the number of times a failure sign has occurred in this manner, the fire judgment unit 86 judges (confirms) it to be a failure sign when the failure sign judgment accumulation condition is met in step S12, where the number of times a failure sign has occurred N is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold number Nth, and proceeds to step S13 to transmit a failure sign signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to be notified, and then performs a predetermined failure sign processing in step S14.

[0087] In step S13, a determination of whether the failure sign determination accumulation condition in step S12 is satisfied may be added to the failure sign determination accumulation condition in step S12, that is, whether the number of times the failure sign has been determined in step S12 has reached a predetermined threshold number.

[0088] Furthermore, the failure prediction process tightens the fire determination accumulation condition by, for example, increasing the accumulation count threshold in step S7, and the fire detector 12 stops at least the latter of the monitoring operations in steps S1 to S7 and the transmission of the fire signal in step S8.

[0089] If the relative ratio is less than the predetermined value in step S3, the process may return to step S1, and if it is determined in step S7 that the fire judgment accumulation condition is not satisfied, the process may proceed to step S11.

[0090] In addition, when the fire judgment unit 86 receives an internal status request command from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 during control operation, it responds by transmitting information regarding (indicating) the number of occurrences N of failure symptoms counted by the counter at that time as failure symptom information, which the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 uses to judge the reliability of the fire detector 12.

[0091] [Disaster prevention receiving panel] (Outline of the disaster prevention receiving panel) Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the disaster prevention receiving panel. As shown in Fig. 6, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 includes a panel control unit 34, which is a function realized by, for example, executing a program, and uses, as hardware, a computer circuit equipped with a CPU, memory, various input / output ports, etc.

[0092] Transmission units 36a, 36b are provided for the panel control unit 34, and multiple fire detectors 12 installed in the up-line tunnel 1a and the down-line tunnel 1b are connected to signal lines 14a, 14b drawn from the transmission units 36a, 36b, respectively.

[0093] In addition, the panel control unit 34 is provided with an alarm unit 38 equipped with a speaker, alarm indicator lights, etc., a display unit 40 equipped with an LCD display, a printer, etc., an operation unit 41 equipped with various switches, etc., and a modem 42 connecting the IG child station equipment 20, and further provided with an IO unit 43 to which the fire pump equipment 16, cooling pump equipment 18, ventilation equipment 22, alarm display board equipment 24, radio rebroadcast equipment 26, television monitoring equipment 28 and lighting equipment 30 shown in Figure 1 are connected.

[0094] The panel control unit 34 is provided with the function of a fire monitoring control unit 48 as a function realized by executing a program.

[0095] The fire monitoring control unit 48 instructs the transmission units 36a, 36b to repeatedly send call signals including polling commands that sequentially specify the addresses of the fire detectors 12 via the signal lines 14a, 14b, and when the fire detector 12 receives a call signal that matches its own address, it replies with a response signal such as a fire signal, a sensitivity abnormality prediction signal, a sensitivity abnormality signal, a contamination prediction signal, a contamination signal, etc.

[0096] In addition, when the fire monitoring and control unit 48 determines that a fire has occurred based on receiving a fire signal from the fire detector 12, it performs predetermined fire processing including outputting a fire alarm by the alarm unit 38, linking control of other equipment via the IO unit 43, for example displaying a no entry alarm by the alarm display board equipment 24, and transmitting a fire report signal to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32.

[0097] In addition, when the system is started up or at predetermined intervals during operation (for example, once a day, i.e., a 24-hour cycle), the fire monitoring control unit 48 transmits a test instruction signal sequentially specifying the addresses of the fire detectors 12, causes the fire detectors 12 to conduct sensitivity tests and contamination tests, and responds with the results of each test. For example, when a response signal indicating a sensor failure is received, the fire monitoring control unit 48 controls the alarm unit 38 to sound a sensor failure alarm, the display unit 40 to display a signal, and the display unit 40 to print a signal indicating the address of the fire detector 12.

[0098] In addition, when the fire monitoring control unit 48 receives a response signal indicating a contamination abnormality obtained by a contamination test of the fire detector 12, it controls the alarm unit 38 to issue an alarm, the display unit 40 to display a contamination alarm that identifies the address of the fire detector, and the display unit 40 to print the alarm.

[0099] In addition, when the fire monitoring control unit 48 receives a response signal indicating a sensor failure or a contamination abnormality obtained by the sensitivity test and the contamination test of the fire detector 12, it transmits a transfer signal from the modem 42 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG slave station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1, and controls the issuance of a failure alarm or an abnormality alarm.

[0100] (Fire Judgment and Control) When the fire monitoring control unit 48 receives a fire signal from the fire detector 12, it sends an internal status request command signal specifying the address of the fire detector 12 that sent the fire signal, and obtains failure indication information including information indicating the number N of occurrences of failure indications counted by the counter of the fire detector 12, and based on this, evaluates the reliability of the fire detector 12 that sent the fire signal and determines whether it is reliable or has a reduced reliability.

[0101] The fire monitoring control unit 48 evaluates the reliability of the fire detector 12 by, for example, judging that the fire detector 12 is reliable if the number of occurrences N of failure signs of the fire detector 12 acquired and extracted as failure sign information is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold number Nref set as a reliability judgment accumulation condition, and judging that the reliability has decreased if the number of occurrences N is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold number Nref or exceeds the threshold number Nref.

[0102] In the case where the fire detector 12 is to not send a fire signal when it determines that a failure sign has occurred, for example, the threshold number Nref for setting the reliability judgment accumulation condition can be set to a value lower than the threshold number Nth set as the failure sign judgment accumulation condition in the fire judgment unit 86 shown in Figure 4.

[0103] When the fire monitoring and control unit 48 determines that the fire detector 12 that sent the fire signal is reliable, it sends a fire recovery command signal to the fire detector 12 to restore it, and if it receives a fire signal again, it determines that there is a fire, and performs specified fire processing including outputting a fire alarm, controlling the linkage of other equipment including displaying at least a no-entry alarm by the alarm display board equipment 24, and sending a fire report signal to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32.

[0104] On the other hand, when the fire monitoring control unit 48 determines that the reliability of the fire detector 12 that transmitted the fire signal has decreased, it increases the accumulation count threshold that sets the first fire judgment accumulation condition (accumulation condition of step S7 in Figure 5) of the fire detector 12 by transmitting an accumulation condition change command signal (accumulation condition tightening command) to change it to a stricter second fire judgment accumulation condition (accumulation condition making it more difficult to reach a fire judgment), specifically, for example, by increasing the accumulation count threshold to essentially reduce the sensitivity to fire, and then transmits a restoration command signal to restore it.

[0105] In this state, when the fire monitoring control unit 48 receives a second fire signal due to the satisfaction of the second fire judgment accumulation condition from the fire detector 12 that sent the first fire signal with the fire judgment accumulation condition changed, and / or receives a fire signal from an adjacent fire detector 12 that is overlappingly monitoring the same detection area as the fire detector 12 that sent the first fire signal, it determines that there is a fire, and performs predetermined fire processing including outputting a fire alarm, controlling the linkage of other equipment including displaying at least a no-entry alarm by the alarm display board equipment 24, and transmitting a fire report signal to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32.

[0106] In this way, when the fire monitoring control unit 48 judges that the reliability of the fire detector 12 that sent a fire signal has decreased, even if the fire detector 12 judges that there is a fire due to a symptom of a malfunction other than a fire and sends a fire signal, the fire judgment accumulation conditions of the fire detector are strictly changed, so that the possibility of the fire detector sending a fire signal again due to an unknown non-fire factor after recovery is low. Also, at this time, the reliability of the adjacent fire detector 12 has not decreased, and the possibility of sending a fire signal when there is no actual fire is extremely low. Therefore, by judging that there is a fire when a fire signal is received from either or both of the fire detector 12 that has sent the first fire signal and recovered and the adjacent fire detector 12a, it is possible to reliably prevent a fire being judged as a fire and fire treatment being carried out when there is no fire.

[0107] In addition, if the fire monitoring control unit 48 determines that the reliability of the fire detector 12 that transmitted the first fire signal has decreased and then a fire judgment is not made based on the fire detector 12 and / or the adjacent fire detector 12a, the fire monitoring control unit 48 controls the transmission of a non-fire report signal indicating that a (false) fire signal of a non-fire has been received from the fire detector 12 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 to alert the user.

[0108] This allows the management personnel at the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 to know when the reliability of the fire detector 12 has decreased, which could result in a false fire alarm, and this can be used to improve the efficiency of tunnel operation and management, such as by strengthening inspections of the fire detector 12.

[0109] In addition, if the fire monitoring control unit 48 determines that the reliability of the fire detector 12 that transmitted a fire signal has decreased, it may send an accumulation condition change command signal (accumulation condition relaxation command) to adjacent fire detectors 12 that are overlappingly monitoring the detection area of ​​the fire detector 12 in question, and by lowering the accumulation count threshold in step S7 of Figure 5, it may change to a third fire judgment accumulation condition that relaxes the first fire judgment accumulation condition (makes it easier to reach a fire judgment), thereby essentially increasing the sensitivity to fire.

[0110] Specifically, for example, by lowering the accumulation count threshold set as the first fire judgment accumulation condition of the adjacent fire detector 12 and changing it to the third fire judgment accumulation condition, in the event of an actual fire, a fire signal will be transmitted quickly from the adjacent fire detector 12a, and / or the fire detector 12 that transmitted the first fire signal and was determined to have a reduced reliability will be able to quickly handle the fire by transmitting a fire signal again after recovery.

[0111] In addition, if the fire detector 12 can transmit a fire signal that distinguishes between the right eye and the left eye, for example, the fire detector (the left eye) that is overlappingly monitoring the detection area of ​​the right eye of this fire detector 12 with its left eye can be regarded as the adjacent fire detector 12. If the right eye cannot be distinguished from the left eye, either of the adjacent fire detectors 12 can be regarded as the adjacent fire detector 12.

[0112] [Control operation of tunnel disaster prevention system] (Fire detectors are reliable) FIG. 7 is a time chart showing the control operation when the disaster prevention receiving panel judges that the fire detector is reliable.

[0113] 7, when the fire detector 12 determines that there is a fire in step S21, the process proceeds to step S22 and transmits a fire signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10. When the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 receives a fire signal from the fire detector 12, it transmits an internal state request command signal to the fire detector 12 in step S23, and in response, the fire detector 12 generates failure sign information including information indicating the number N of occurrences of failure signs that are being counted by a counter at that time, and transmits the information to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 in step S24.

[0114] The disaster prevention receiving panel 10, which has received the failure indication information from the fire detector 12, evaluates its reliability based on the number of occurrences N of failure indications extracted from the failure indication information in step S25. If it determines that the failure indication information is reliable in step S26, it proceeds to step S27, sends a recovery command signal to the fire detector 12, and causes recovery in step S28. If the fire detector 12 again determines that there is a fire in step S29 and sends a fire signal in step S30, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, which has received this fire signal, determines that there is a fire in step S31, and performs prescribed fire processing including outputting a fire alarm, controlling the equipment in conjunction with at least the display of a no-entry alarm by the alarm display board equipment 24, and sending a fire report signal to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32.

[0115] (Decreased reliability of fire detectors) FIG. 8 is a time chart showing the control operation when the disaster prevention receiving panel determines that the reliability of the fire detector has decreased.

[0116] The processing of steps S41 to S45 in Fig. 8 is the same as the processing of steps S21 to S25 in Fig. 7. In Fig. 8, reliability is evaluated based on the occurrence count N of the failure sign extracted from the failure sign information in step S45, and if it is determined in step S46 that the reliability has decreased, the process proceeds to step S47, and an accumulation condition change command signal for relaxing the fire judgment accumulation condition for the overlappingly monitored detection area is transmitted to the adjacent fire detectors 12 that overlap-monitor the detection area corresponding to the fire detection unit that caused the reliability decrease of the fire detector 12 determined to have decreased reliability, specifically, an accumulation condition change command signal for decreasing the accumulation count threshold that is the fire judgment accumulation condition in step S7 in Fig. 5, and at the same time, an accumulation condition change command signal for changing the first fire judgment accumulation condition corresponding to the fire detection unit that caused the transmission of the fire signal to a stricter second fire judgment accumulation condition is transmitted to the fire detector 12 that transmitted the first fire signal. Specifically, an accumulation condition change command signal for increasing the accumulation count threshold for fire judgment is transmitted.

[0117] Adjacent fire detectors 12 (on both sides or on one side) that receive the accumulation condition change command signal from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 relax the fire determination accumulation conditions by lowering the accumulation count threshold in step S48, and as a result, the fire sensitivity is effectively increased, and if there is an actual fire, it is promptly determined to be a fire in step S49 and a fire signal is transmitted in step S50.

[0118] Furthermore, the fire detector 12 that receives the accumulation condition change command signal to increase the accumulation count threshold from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 increases the accumulation count threshold in step S51, effectively lowering the fire sensitivity. Next, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 transmits a recovery command signal to the fire detector 12 that transmitted the first fire signal in step S52, and the fire detector 12 that receives this is temporarily restored in step S53. If an actual fire is still occurring at this time, the fire detector 12 that lowered its sensitivity also judges it to be a fire again in step S54 and transmits a fire signal again in step S55.

[0119] If the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 receives either or both of the second fire signal from the fire detector 12 that transmitted the first fire signal in step S56 before the predetermined time has elapsed in step S57, or a fire signal from an adjacent fire detector 12 (one or both if there are two adjacent fire detectors) whose fire judgment accumulation conditions have been changed to stricter, it proceeds to step S58 and performs predetermined fire processing including outputting a fire alarm, controlling the equipment interlocking including displaying at least a no-entry alarm by the alarm display panel equipment 24, and transmitting a fire notification signal to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32. Here, the predetermined time in step S57 is a time corresponding to the accumulation time taking into account the accumulation count threshold increased in step S51.

[0120] In addition, in a system that can distinguish between the right and left eyes, fire treatment can be performed only when a fire signal is received from one of the units (of the eye monitoring the detection area) that is overlappingly monitoring the detection area of ​​the eye in which a fire is believed to have occurred.

[0121] On the other hand, if a predetermined time has elapsed in step S57 without determining whether a second fire signal has been received from the fire detector 12 that transmitted the first fire signal in step S57 or either or both of a fire signal from an adjacent fire detector 12, the process proceeds to step S59, and a non-fire report signal indicating that a non-fire fire signal has been received from the fire detector 12 is transmitted to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 to alert the user.

[0122] [Embodiment for determining reliability using fire detectors] In the above embodiment, when the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 receives a fire signal, failure indication information including information indicating the number of times failure indications have occurred is obtained from the fire detector 12 that sent the fire signal, and the reliability of the fire detector 12 that sent the fire signal is evaluated to determine whether it is reliable or has a reduced reliability. However, in another embodiment, the reliability may be evaluated on the fire detector 12 side from the number of times failure indications have occurred to determine whether it is reliable or has a reduced reliability.

[0123] That is, the fire judgment unit 86 of the fire detector 12 shown in FIG. 4, as shown in the control operation of FIG. 5, determines the number of times N that a failure sign has occurred in step S11, and when it receives an internal status request command signal from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 after transmitting the fire signal, it compares the number of times N that a failure sign has occurred that is being sought at that time with a predetermined threshold number of times Nref that has been set as a reliability judgment accumulation condition, and if the number of times N is less than the predetermined threshold number of times Nref or falls below the threshold number of times Nref, it judges that there is reliability, and if the number of times N is more than the predetermined threshold number of times Nref or exceeds the threshold number of times Nref, it judges that there is a decrease in reliability, and transmits reliability information including information showing the reliability judgment result to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0124] In the reliability judgment process in step S25 of Fig. 7 and in step S45 of Fig. 8, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 only needs to extract the reliability judgment result from the reliability information acquired from the fire detector 12, and the rest is the same as in the above-mentioned embodiment. By making the reliability judgment on the fire detector 12 side in this way, the processing load on the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 side can be reduced.

[0125] (Control operation of disaster prevention receiving panel when fire detector malfunction indication is detected) Fig. 9 is a time chart showing the control operation of the disaster prevention receiving panel when a fire detector detects a malfunction sign and judges it to be a malfunction sign. Note that even if the fire detector judges it to be a malfunction sign, it does not stop sending the fire signal as a malfunction sign processing, but sends a fire signal if it judges it to be a fire.

[0126] 9, when the number of occurrences N of a failure sign in the fire detector 12 reaches a predetermined threshold value Nth in step S61 and it is determined (confirmed) to be a failure sign, a failure sign signal is sent to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 in step S62, and if failure sign processing is to be performed, a predetermined failure sign processing is performed in step S62a, but as described above, in order to explain the control thereafter, an example is given here in which the failure sign processing does not stop the transmission of the fire signal. The disaster prevention receiving panel 10 that has received the failure sign signal from the fire detector 12 notifies the fire detector 12 that has become a failure sign by displaying an alarm on a display or the like in step S63, and transmits a failure sign transfer signal to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 to notify the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 in step S64.

[0127] In this state, if the fire detector 12 determines that there is a fire in step S65 and transmits a fire signal in step S66, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 determines in step S67 whether or not the fire detector 12 has detected signs of a malfunction, and if it is not the fire detector 12 that has detected signs of a malfunction, proceeds to step S68 and performs predetermined fire processing including outputting a fire alarm, controlling the linkage of other equipment including displaying a no-entry alarm by the alarm display board equipment 24, and transmitting a fire report signal to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32.

[0128] On the other hand, if it is determined in step S67 that the second fire signal was sent from a fire detector 12 in which signs of a malfunction were detected, the process proceeds to step S69, where it is determined to be a non-fire alarm, no fire processing is performed, and instead, for example, the reception of a non-fire alarm is notified, and then the process proceeds to step S70, where a non-fire alarm transfer signal indicating a malfunction of the fire detector 12 is transmitted to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 as malfunction information of the fire detector 12, causing the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 to notify the user.

[0129] When the fire detection unit 86 of the fire detector 12 stops transmitting the fire signal as a failure prediction process, the processes after step S65 are not performed.

[0130] [Embodiment for determining reliability for each tunnel or section] In the above embodiment, the reliability is judged for each fire detector 12. In another embodiment, the reliability may be evaluated on a tunnel-by-tunnel, signal system-by-signal section-by-section basis based on failure prediction information from a plurality of fire detectors 12 grouped by tunnel, signal system, or predetermined section of a tunnel, and a judgment may be made as to whether the detector is reliable or has decreased reliability.

[0131] For this reason, for example, when reliability is judged for each section of a tunnel, when the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 receives a fire signal from a fire detector 12, it sends an internal information request command signal to multiple fire detectors 12 grouped by the section to which the fire detector 12 that sent the fire signal belongs, receives each of the failure sign information, obtains the number of times N1, N2, ... Nn that the failure sign has occurred from this information, calculates the average number Nave of the number of times N1, N2, ... Nn that the failure sign has occurred and compares it with a predetermined threshold number Nref, judges that there is reliability if the average number Nave is less than or equal to the predetermined threshold number Nref, and judges that there is reduced reliability if the average number Nave is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold number Nref, and performs the same control operation as in the above embodiment depending on the reliability judgment result.

[0132] In this embodiment, the reliability of the fire detector 12 is evaluated based on the difference in environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, electrical noise, etc., specific to each section in the tunnel, and it can be judged whether the fire detector 12 is reliable or has a reduced reliability. This judgment result and the information indicating the above Nref are temporarily stored as reliability information.

[0133] Furthermore, when judging reliability on a tunnel-by-tunnel basis, for example when the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 receives a fire signal from the fire detector 12, it sends an internal information request command signal to all fire detectors 12 installed in the tunnel, obtains the number of occurrences of failure signs N1, N2, ... Nn as all failure sign information, calculates the average number Nave, judges that there is reliability if the number is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold number Nref, and judges that there is a decrease in reliability if the number is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold number Nref, and performs the same control operation as in the above embodiment depending on the reliability judgment result.

[0134] Here, in the embodiments of Figures 7 and 8 and in this embodiment in which reliability information is generated for each tunnel, each signal system, and each section, when a fire signal is received from a fire detector 12, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 acquires failure precursor information from the fire detector 12 or from the fire detector of the tunnel, signal system, or section, but it is also possible to acquire failure precursor information prior to receiving a fire signal and perform each process related to receiving a fire signal based on this.

[0135] When determining the reliability for each system, the average number of occurrences of the failure signs of the fire detector 12 for each signal line 14a, 14b is calculated in the same manner, and the reliability is determined based on this. Note that the failure sign information is not limited to the number of occurrences of the failure signs, and may be a moving average number of occurrences, the occurrence frequency of the failure signs, the occurrence rate for a specified period, etc.

[0136] [Another embodiment of failure sign determination] (Determination of failure signs through sensitivity testing) FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the peak level of the received light signal and the number of occurrences of failure signs when an internal test light source is driven in a sensitivity test of a fire detector.

[0137] The sensitivity test unit 88 provided in the detector control unit 54 of the fire detector 12 shown in FIG. 4 operates when it receives a test instruction signal transmitted periodically (e.g., once a day) from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and instructs the test light emission drive unit 76 to perform light emission drive to blink the internal test light sources 78R, 80R, 82R, 78L, 80L, and 82L in sequence at, for example, 2 Hz for a predetermined period of time (e.g., 1 second), thereby irradiating the fire detection units 60R and 60L with flame-simulated light (test light) equivalent to a fire flame to perform a sensitivity test.

[0138] The sensitivity test by the sensitivity test section 88 is the same as that already explained with reference to Fig. 4. In addition, the sensitivity test section 88 of this embodiment detects the peak level of each received light signal for the flame light receiving signal E1R, the first non-flame light receiving signal E2R, and the second non-flame light receiving signal E3R output from the fire detection section 60R in association with the sensitivity test, and the flame light receiving signal E1L, the first non-flame light receiving signal E2L, and the second non-flame light receiving signal E3L output from the fire detection section 60L during the sensitivity test, and as shown by the black circle in Fig. 10(A), if the peak level detected once a day, for example, is out of a predetermined normal range 94 based on the initial value 92 of the peak level detected in a state without deterioration at the time of shipment from the factory, but is not below a predetermined failure threshold 96 or is not below the failure threshold 96 and does not satisfy the failure judgment condition, that is, if it is within a failure prediction range 98, it is judged to be a failure prediction, and performs control to count the number of occurrences N of the failure prediction by a counter, as shown in Fig. 10(B).

[0139] Here, a normal range 94 of the received light signal is a range between an upper limit value 94a and a lower limit value 94b with the initial value 92 at the center, and is, for example, ±10 percent of the initial value 92. Also, a failure threshold value 96 is, for example, a value of about 50 percent of the initial value 92.

[0140] The failure prediction range is, for example, a range from the upper limit 94a of the normal range 94 to the range obtained by adding 50 percent of the initial value 92 to the initial value 92, that is, (Upper limit 94a) Exceeds {(Initial value 92) + (50 percent of initial value 92)} It is also possible to add a range to determine whether the detected condition is a sign of failure.

[0141] On the other hand, the fire judgment unit 86 compares the number of occurrences N of the failure sign counted by the counter of the sensitivity test unit 88 with a predetermined threshold number Nth set as a failure sign judgment accumulation condition, and when the number of occurrences N of the failure sign is equal to or exceeds the predetermined threshold Nth and satisfies the failure sign judgment accumulation condition, it judges (confirms) it as a failure sign, transmits a failure sign signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and then performs a predetermined failure sign processing. The failure sign processing by the fire judgment unit 86 is, for example, processing to stop transmission of the fire signal.

[0142] In addition, when the fire judgment unit 86 receives an internal status request command signal from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, it controls the transmission of predictive failure information including information indicating the number of times N that a failure symptom has occurred at that time, extracts the number of times N that a failure symptom has occurred in the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and is used to evaluate the reliability of the fire detector 12 that transmitted the fire signal based on this and determine whether it is reliable or has a reduced reliability.

[0143] The number of occurrences N of the failure signs counted by the counter is reset, for example, at predetermined intervals or when a predetermined period has elapsed since the failure signs were counted. The number of occurrences N of the failure signs before the reset may be stored as a failure sign information history.

[0144] (Fire detector sensitivity test operation) FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing a sensitivity test of a fire detector accompanied by a judgment of a failure sign, and is a control operation by the sensitivity test unit 88 and the fire judgment unit 86 of the fire detector 12 shown in FIG.

[0145] As shown in FIG. 11, taking the fire detection unit 60R in FIG. 4 as an example, the sensitivity test unit 88 determines in step S71 whether a test command signal (indicating its own address) is received, which is sent once a day from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 by assigning an address in sequence, and proceeds to step S72, where it instructs the test light emission driving unit 76 to flash the internal test light source 78R at 2 Hz for a predetermined period (e.g., 1 second) to emit a flame-simulating light (test light) equivalent to a fire flame into the sensor unit 64.

[0146] Next, the sensitivity test unit 88 proceeds to step S73, where it detects the peak level of the flame light reception signal (light reception signal) E1R due to the test light output from the amplification processing unit 66, and in step S74 determines whether it is within the normal range 94 shown in Figure 10 (A).If it is within the normal range 94, it proceeds to step S75, where it calculates a detection sensitivity coefficient by dividing, for example, the peak level of the light reception signal by the initial value (reference light reception value) 92 stored during the initial sensitivity test at the time of shipment from the factory, and in step S77 calculates and stores a correction coefficient for the light reception signal as the reciprocal of the detection sensitivity coefficient, and uses it to correct the light reception signal level.

[0147] Next, the sensitivity test unit 88 proceeds to step S77, and repeats the process from step S71 until the detection sensitivity coefficient calculated in step S75 reaches a predetermined sensitivity correction limit threshold (e.g., 0.5). Note that the correction limit in step S75 may be the peak level equal to or lower than the failure threshold, as in step S81.

[0148] If the sensitivity testing unit 88 determines in step S77 that the detection sensitivity coefficient has reached the sensitivity correction limit threshold, it repeats the processing from step S71 in step S78 until a predetermined sensitivity abnormality judgment accumulation condition, for example a predetermined accumulation count threshold, is reached, and when the sensitivity abnormality judgment accumulation condition of step S78 is satisfied, it transmits a sensitivity abnormality signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 in step S79.

[0149] Next, the fire judgment unit 86 performs a predetermined sensitivity abnormality process in step S80 in response to the determination of sensitivity abnormality in the sensitivity test unit 88. Since there is a high possibility that an erroneous fire judgment will be made due to a sensitivity abnormality (for example, a light receiving element failure or an electric circuit failure accompanied by a sensitivity abnormality) after a sensitivity abnormality is determined, this sensitivity abnormality process is a process in which, for example, an accumulation count threshold for setting a fire judgment accumulation condition in the fire judgment unit 86 is increased to substantially lower the fire sensitivity, or the transmission of a fire signal is stopped.

[0150] On the other hand, when the sensitivity test unit 88 determines in step S74 that the peak level of the light receiving signal E1R during the test is outside the normal range 94, the process proceeds to step S81, and if the peak level is equal to or lower than the failure threshold 96 or is not below the failure threshold, that is, if it is within the failure sign range 98 shown in Fig. 10(A), it determines that a failure sign has occurred and notifies this to the fire judgment unit 86. Note that the determination of the failure sign in step S81 is not limited to the peak level of the light receiving signal, and may be made based on, for example, an integral value or an average level.

[0151] Next, the fire judgment unit 86, having received notification of the failure sign judgment result from the sensitivity testing unit 88, increments the counter N that counts the number of times the failure sign has occurred in step S82 by +1 (increments), and if the number of times N that the failure sign has occurred is less than or equal to the threshold number Nth set as a specified failure sign judgment accumulation condition in step S83, repeats the processing from step S71.

[0152] By repeatedly counting the number of times N that a failure sign has occurred in this manner, the fire judgment unit 86 judges (confirms) it as a failure sign in step S83 when the number of times N that a failure sign has occurred becomes equal to or exceeds a predetermined threshold number Nth and satisfies the failure sign judgment accumulation condition, proceeds to step S85, and transmits a failure sign signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to be notified, and then performs a predetermined failure sign processing in step S86.

[0153] This failure prediction process, for example, increases the accumulation count threshold set as the fire judgment accumulation condition by the fire judgment unit 86, thereby tightening the fire judgment accumulation condition and effectively lowering the fire sensitivity. Also, even if the fire judgment unit 86 subsequently judges a fire, it may be possible to perform a process of stopping the transmission of the fire signal and suppressing the generation of a non-fire alarm since there is a high possibility that the fire judgment was erroneous due to a malfunction.

[0154] In addition, when the fire judgment unit 86 receives an internal status request command from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, it responds by transmitting failure sign information including information indicating the number N of occurrences of failure signs counted by the counter at that time, and the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 extracts the number of occurrences of failure signs from the acquired failure sign information of the fire detector 12, evaluates the reliability, and determines whether the reliability is reliable or has decreased.

[0155] On the other hand, if the sensitivity testing unit 88 determines in step S81 that the peak level of the received light signal has dropped below the failure threshold 96, it proceeds to step S78, and repeats the processing from step S71 until a predetermined accumulation count threshold set as the sensitivity abnormality determination accumulation condition is reached.If the sensitivity abnormality determination accumulation condition of step S78 is satisfied, it transmits a sensitivity abnormality signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 in step S79, and then performs a predetermined sensitivity abnormality processing in step S80.

[0156] In addition, this embodiment takes as an example a case where the number of occurrences of a malfunction sign is obtained by a sensitivity test periodically performed on a fire detector, but is not limited to this, and includes tests performed at any time by a test instruction operation from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and also includes appropriate tests that drive an internal test light source other than the sensitivity test. The same can be performed for the left eye fire detection unit 60L. The same can also be performed for the first non-flame light receiving signals E2R, E2L and the second non-flame light receiving signals E3R, E3L during testing.

[0157] [Fire detection and sensitivity testing units determine signs of failure] As another embodiment of the fire detector 12 according to the present invention, the determination of failure signs by the fire determination unit 86 shown in the flowchart of Figure 5 and the determination of failure signs by the sensitivity test unit 88 shown in the flowchart of Figure 11 are combined, and the number of occurrences N of the failure signs determined by each is accumulated and counted. Failure sign information including information indicating the cumulative number of occurrences of failure signs is obtained by the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 from the fire detector 12 that transmitted a fire signal, and reliability is evaluated from the cumulative number of occurrences of the extracted failure signs to determine whether there is reliability or a decrease in reliability.

[0158] In addition, when the cumulative number of occurrences of a failure sign reaches or exceeds a predetermined threshold number Nth, satisfying the failure sign determination accumulation condition, the system determines that a failure sign has occurred and sends a failure sign signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to notify the user, and then performs a predetermined failure sign processing.

[0159] [Modifications of the present invention] (Fire detector) Although a three-wavelength fire detector has been used as an example, other methods may be used as well. For example, it may be a two-wavelength flame detector that detects infrared energy in the 4.5 μm band, which is the resonant radiation band of CO2, and in a wavelength band on the shorter wavelength side, for example, around 5.0 μm, and determines the presence or absence of a flame based on the relative ratio of the received light signals in these two wavelength bands.

[0160] (Changes in accumulation conditions) In addition, in the above embodiment, changes to the fire judgment accumulation conditions of the fire detector 12, for example changes to the fire judgment accumulation count threshold, are made in two cases: the fire detector 12 itself increases the accumulation count threshold to tighten the failure sign judgment conditions (lower the fire sensitivity) as a failure sign processing (step S14 in Figure 5), and the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 increases the accumulation count threshold to tighten the fire judgment accumulation conditions (relax the sensitivity) in response to an instruction when it judges that reliability has decreased (step S51 in Figure 8).If both are performed at the same time, an appropriate change is made so that the overall accumulation time is not longer than necessary and fire detection is not delayed.

[0161] (P-type tunnel disaster prevention system) The above embodiment has shown a so-called R-type tunnel disaster prevention system that monitors for fires by connecting a fire detector with an address set to a signal line pulled out from a disaster prevention receiving panel, but the present invention is not limited to this and also applies to a so-called P-type tunnel disaster prevention system in which a signal line is pulled out from the disaster prevention receiving panel on a fire detector basis and a fire detector is connected to each signal line.

[0162] In a typical P-type tunnel disaster prevention system, since it is not possible to communicate information such as the specific number of times a warning sign occurs between the disaster prevention receiving panel and the fire detector, a function for evaluating the reliability of the fire detector in the disaster prevention receiving panel shown in the above embodiment and determining whether it is reliable or has decreased reliability is provided on the fire detector side, and if the fire detector determines that its reliability has decreased, the reliability information is sent to the disaster prevention receiving panel to notify of the decreased reliability, for example, by disconnecting the signal line or by providing a dedicated line for the reliability decrease signal.

[0163] (others) Furthermore, the present invention includes appropriate modifications that do not impair the objects and advantages of the present invention, and is not limited to the numerical values ​​shown in the above embodiment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0164] 1a: Up line tunnel 1b: Down line tunnel 10: Disaster prevention receiving panel 12: Fire detector 14a, 14b: Signal line 16: Fire pump equipment 18: Cooling pump equipment 20:IG slave station equipment 22: Ventilation equipment 24: Alarm display board equipment 26: Radio rebroadcasting equipment 28: TV surveillance equipment 30: Lighting equipment 32: Remote monitoring and control equipment 34: Panel control unit 36a, 36b: Transmission section 48: Fire monitoring and control unit 50R,50L: Translucent window 52R, 52L: Light-transmitting window for test light source 54: Detector control unit 56: Transmission section 58: Power supply section 60R, 60L: Fire detection unit 64, 68, 72: Sensor section 66, 70, 74: Amplification processing section 76: Test light emission driver 78R, 78L, 80R, 80L, 82R, 82L: Internal test light source 84R, 84L: External test light source 86:Fire Judgment Department 88: Sensitivity test section 90: Soil test section

Claims

1. A fire detector that judges whether a fire has occurred based on the result of a fire judgment that is performed when a flame reception signal obtained from light in a characteristic wavelength band specific to a flame contained in received light is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, This fire detector is characterized in that, when the fire judgment does not determine that there is a fire, it does not determine that there is a fire, but determines that there is an occurrence of a malfunction symptom of the fire detector, and counts the number of occurrences of the malfunction symptom that has been determined to be the occurrence of the malfunction symptom.

2. A fire detector that judges whether a fire exists based on the result of a fire judgment that is performed when a flame reception signal obtained from light in a characteristic wavelength band specific to a flame contained in received light is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, This fire detector is characterized in that, when the fire judgment does not determine that there is a fire, it does not determine that there is a fire, but rather determines that there is an occurrence of a malfunction symptom in the fire detector, and each time it determines that a malfunction symptom has occurred, the cumulative value of the count of the number of times the malfunction symptom has occurred is incremented.

3. A fire detector that judges whether a fire exists based on the result of a fire judgment that is performed when a flame reception signal obtained from light in a characteristic wavelength band specific to a flame contained in received light is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, If the fire is judged to be a fire, the fire is judged to be a fire. A fire detector characterized in that, if the fire judgment does not determine that there is a fire, it is judged that a malfunction symptom has occurred in the fire detector, and the number of occurrences of the malfunction symptom that has been judged to be the occurrence of a malfunction symptom is counted.

4. A fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The fire determination has a plurality of fire determination conditions, A fire detector which does not determine that a fire exists if at least some of a plurality of fire determination conditions are not satisfied.

5. A fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, A fire detector characterized in that the fire judgment includes a fire judgment using a fire judgment condition based on the flame reception signal and a non-flame reception signal obtained from light in a wavelength band different from the characteristic wavelength band contained in the received light.

6. A fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The fire detector, characterized in that the fire judgment includes a fire judgment using a fire judgment condition based on a frequency of the flame receiving signal.

7. A fire detector that uses a light reception value of a light reception signal obtained from light received by a sensor unit to determine an abnormality of the fire detector that affects the light reception value, When a predetermined value obtained using the received light value satisfies a predetermined abnormality determination condition, it is determined that an abnormality exists in the fire detector that affects the received light value; When a predetermined value obtained using the received light value satisfies a predetermined abnormality sign judgment condition stricter than the predetermined abnormality judgment condition, the value is judged to be an abnormality sign of the fire detector that affects the received light value, This fire detector is characterized in that when it is determined that the fire detector has an abnormality sign, it regards the abnormality sign as a failure sign of the fire detector, and counts the number of times that it has been determined that the fire detector has an abnormality sign as the number of occurrences of a failure sign.

8. 8. The fire detector of claim 7, A fire detector characterized in that it transmits an abnormality signal when it is determined that an abnormality occurs in the fire detector.

9. A fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 8, A fire detector characterized in that, when the number of occurrences of the failure sign satisfies a predetermined condition and it is determined that the failure sign is present, a failure sign signal is transmitted.

10. A fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, A fire detector characterized in that it transmits failure symptom information including the number of occurrences of the failure symptom.

11. A fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 10, A fire detector characterized in that the count of the number of occurrences of the failure signs is reset when a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the count of the number of occurrences of the failure signs.

12. A fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 7; a disaster prevention receiving panel to which the fire detector is connected by a signal line; A disaster prevention system comprising: A disaster prevention system characterized in that the fire detector transmits a failure indication signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel via the signal line when the number of occurrences of the failure indication meets a predetermined condition and determines that the failure indication is a failure indication.

13. A fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 7; a disaster prevention receiving panel to which the fire detector is connected by a signal line; A disaster prevention system comprising: A disaster prevention system characterized in that the disaster prevention receiving panel receives failure sign information including the number of occurrences of the failure signs from the fire detector via the signal line.

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