Fuel Dispenser Adapter for Automated Fuel Supply

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a fuel dispenser adapter kit including an adapter tool and a ferromagnetic unit configured to be part of or attached to a fuel dispenser, the adapter tool including a magnet configured to magnetically engage with the ferromagnetic unit and an actuator configured to actuate a lever of the fuel dispenser.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a fuel dispenser adapter kit and a robotic refueling system including the fuel dispenser adapter kit for automatically operating a fuel station to refuel a vehicle. [Background technology]

[0002] When using powerful robots, the automation of robot-guided refueling becomes a potential threat. Therefore, robots are usually equipped with external security systems to increase the safety of their operation. Various existing robot charging stations across various industries have been guarded by various safety techniques, such as monitoring the robot's working area by cameras or other sensors. Industrial robot systems are usually fixed within designated cells. However, there is a challenge to meet safety requirements so that automated refueling can take place in close proximity to humans or explosives.

[0003] Several safety requirements also apply to devices or tools that deliver fuel to the vehicle's fuel inlet. Electrical safety switches and sensors in the area around the fuel dispenser are required to support such devices. Furthermore, it is advantageous to minimize the electronics of such devices while taking the necessary safety precautions to avoid sparks occurring near the fuel.

[0004] Furthermore, there is a problem of providing a relatively simple and inexpensive automatic vehicle refueling device. A requirement of a fuel station is to make the filling process proceed as quickly as possible to reduce waiting times. Furthermore, the refueling tool or device needs to work efficiently while avoiding fuel spills and excessive energy consumption due to over-fueling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present disclosure relates to a fuel dispenser adapter kit for a robotic refueling system. The kit of the present disclosure can be implemented in a robotic refueling system so that the refueling operation of a vehicle can be automated. This means that the driver is relieved of the refueling task and given more freedom in the present disclosure.

[0006] Additionally, the disclosed fuel dispenser adapter kit is adapted to meet stringent safety requirements such that the disclosed kit can operate at fuel stations in close proximity to personnel and explosives.

[0007] In general, the present disclosure thus relates to a fuel dispenser adapter kit that can be implemented in an automatic fuel refueling system for automatic refueling of a vehicle, primarily, but not limited to, an automobile.

[0008] Accordingly, in a first aspect, the present disclosure relates to a fuel dispenser adapter kit including an adapter tool and a ferromagnetic unit that is part of or configured to be attached to a fuel dispenser, This adapter tool is a magnet configured to magnetically engage the ferromagnetic unit; and an actuator configured to actuate a lever of the fuel dispenser; Includes.

[0009] The disclosed refueling system uses an adapter tool and a ferromagnetic unit that simplifies the method of operation of the adapter tool to engage with a fuel station dispenser. The adapter tool includes a magnet that engages with the ferromagnetic unit. The magnetic engagement between the adapter tool and the ferromagnetic unit holds the fuel dispenser unit during refueling of the vehicle.

[0010] Thus, an important advantage of the present disclosure is that the magnetic engagement increases safety at the fuel station. Due to the magnetic engagement, the fuel dispenser unit can be separated from the adapter tool in a safe manner. This means that the force applied by the magnetic engagement can be controlled so that a safe refueling environment can be achieved.

[0011] A further advantage of the disclosed kit is that the ferromagnetic unit can be added to an existing fuel dispenser unit at a fuel station, which is expected to allow a robotic refueling solution, including the disclosed kit, to be integrated into an existing fuel island, for example, at a gas station.

[0012] Yet another advantage of the kit of the present disclosure is that the kit of the present disclosure is suitable for various types of fuel dispenser units for various fuel sources such as diesel, electric, natural gas, or hydrogen, etc. Since the ferromagnetic unit is configured to couple with a fuel dispenser of any type of fuel, the fuel dispensing kit of the present disclosure provides increased flexibility by exhibiting compatibility with fuel dispensers of various fuel types.

[0013] Another advantage of the kit of the present disclosure is that the adapter tool is suitable for various types of robotic arms, for example the robotic arm can be of the kind that can work between humans, such as a collaborative robot or cobot arm.

[0014] Preferably, the adapter tool can be configured to allow the kit of the present disclosure to meet safety requirements for operation in close proximity to humans and explosives. Lightweight construction materials, minimal electrical components, rounded edges, sensors such as displacement sensors, pressure sensors, electrical safety shutoff on-off mechanisms, and cameras can be adapted to ensure a safe construction of the kit of the present disclosure. This allows for an improved, compact, and lightweight fuel distribution adapter kit.

[0015] Thus, the present disclosure provides a fuel dispensing kit for a robot for automatic charging or refueling of a vehicle, which is technically simple, can be manufactured cost-effectively, can be manufactured to reduce materials, and can meet safety requirements such that operation of the kit of the present disclosure or a robot or system associated with the kit of the present disclosure is not threatening to humans.

[0016] The present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates one embodiment of a fuel dispenser adapter kit for mating with a fuel dispenser. [Diagram 2] 1 illustrates one embodiment of a ferromagnetic unit attached to a fuel dispenser. [Diagram 3] 13 illustrates one embodiment of a detailed cross-sectional view of a ferromagnetic unit mating with an adapter tool. [Figure 4A] 1 illustrates one embodiment of an adapter tool in a cross-sectional position. [Figure 4B] 1 illustrates one embodiment of a cross-sectional side view of an adapter tool. [Figure 5A] 1 illustrates one embodiment of an adapter tool and a cross section location. [Figure 5B] 1 illustrates one embodiment of a top cross-sectional view of an adapter tool. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates one embodiment of an adapter tool. [Figure 7] 1 illustrates one embodiment of a cross-sectional view of an actuator. [Figure 8] 1 illustrates one embodiment of an actuator with the lever in a failed position. [Figure 9A] 1 illustrates one embodiment of an adapter tool with the actuator in a retracted position. [Figure 9B] 1 illustrates one embodiment of an adapter tool with an actuator in an extended position. [Figure 10] 1 illustrates one embodiment of an actuator assembly and a suction cup assembly. [Figure 11] 1 illustrates one embodiment of a cross-sectional side view of an adapter tool. [Figure 12] 1 illustrates one embodiment of a tool free drive button assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0018] As used herein, the term fuel dispenser refers to a device that dispenses fuel to a vehicle. Generally, a fuel dispenser may be a fuel dispensing unit at a gas station that supplies fuel to a vehicle. The type of fuel dispenser may vary depending on the fuel type consumed by the vehicle.

[0019] As used herein, the term fuel door refers to a portion of a vehicle, such as a cap on the body of the vehicle. Generally, when the fuel door can be opened or actuated, etc., fuel can be provided through, for example, a fuel inlet. Typically, the fuel inlet may be located behind the fuel door.

[0020] As used herein, the term refueling refers to supplying an energy source. That is, refueling may refer to the supply of a fluid fuel or a gaseous fuel. Additionally, refueling may refer to the supply of various energy sources, such as electricity.

[0021] In a first aspect, the present disclosure relates to a fuel dispenser adapter kit. The fuel dispenser adapter kit includes an adapter tool and a ferromagnetic unit. The ferromagnetic unit can be attached to the fuel dispenser. In one embodiment, the ferromagnetic unit is attached to a collar configured to fasten to the fuel dispenser. Alternatively, the fuel dispenser can be provided such that the fuel dispenser includes the ferromagnetic unit.

[0022] Advantageously, the adapter tool including a magnet can engage with a ferromagnetic unit of the fuel dispenser.Thus, in a further embodiment, the adapter tool and the fuel dispenser engage with each other by magnetic forces during a refueling operation.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the magnet can be operated by a cylinder with a piston located inside the cylinder. In a further advantageous embodiment, the magnet can be mounted in a first position movable within a first cylinder, the first position being controlled pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically. This means that the magnet can be attached to a rod or bar that is engaged with the first piston.

[0024] An advantage of the adapter kit of the present disclosure is that it provides an effective, safe, lightweight design in which the magnet can move within the cavity while providing magnetic engagement. For example, when the piston moves inside the cylinder, the magnet positioned outside the cylinder relative to the piston can be displaced within the cavity of the adapter tool. In one embodiment, the magnet can be movable within the adapter tool between an advanced position and a retracted position. When the magnetic engagement is limited or not activated, the piston can be stationary in the retracted position. When a refueling operation is initiated, such as by engaging the adapter tool with a dispenser unit, the magnetic elements can attract each other and displace the piston to the advanced position. Thus, the advanced position may be configured to be closer to the ferromagnetic unit than the retracted position. Thus, the advanced position can be the position of the magnet when the magnet and the ferromagnetic unit are magnetically engaged with each other.

[0025] In one embodiment, the ferromagnetic unit may be rigidly fixed to the fuel dispenser. When the fuel dispenser is within a certain distance from the adapter tool, a magnetic force attracts the ferromagnetic unit of the fuel dispenser. A magnet in the adapter tool may be configured to be displaced towards the ferromagnetic unit. Displacement of the piston in the cylinder may displace the magnet coupled to the piston from a retracted position to an advanced position in the cavity of the adapter tool.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the piston can reach a retracted position where the magnet is further away from the ferromagnetic unit than in the advanced position of the magnet. The retracted position can be obtained if the magnetic force is interrupted, for example if separation of the ferromagnetic unit and the adapter tool is performed while the magnet is pneumatically actuated in the advanced position. After the magnet advances towards the advanced position, it can engage with the ferromagnetic unit of the fuel dispenser. A first pressure can be applied in the first cylinder to act on the first piston in a direction towards the retracted position while maintaining magnetic engagement with the ferromagnetic unit. If an external force is applied to the dispenser, this external force can be large enough to overcome the magnetic engagement force, causing the fuel dispenser to disengage from the adapter tool. The first pressure applied to the first cylinder then moves the magnet to the retracted position. In such a case, the first sensor can sense that a malfunction has occurred. Generally, when refueling is completed without malfunction and the fuel dispenser is positioned in the fuel dispenser holder of the fuel island, pressure can be applied in the cylinder such that the magnetic engagement between the magnet and the ferromagnetic unit is interrupted.

[0027] It is common practice to use sensors to provide position feedback to the control system of an automated machine. To sense the linear position of a piston in a pneumatic cylinder, one of the commonly used types of sensors can be a magnetic proximity sensor. A magnetic sensor can sense the magnetic field of a magnet integrated into the cylinder piston.

[0028] Thus, the piston may include a magnet and a sensor attached to the cylinder body may indicate "on" or "off" based on proximity to the magnet. Thus, in one embodiment, the adapter tool may further include at least a first sensor unit configured to detect when the first piston has reached a retracted position. The first sensor unit may thereby control the power supplied to the adapter tool. The first sensor unit may be a reed switch operated by an applied magnetic field, an electrical switch, or a position sensor for sensing the position of the piston. Thus, the present disclosure may be configured such that, for example, if the vehicle starts while the adapter tool is engaged with a dispenser unit of a fuel station, but the dispenser unit is attached to the vehicle via a fuel inlet, all electricity supplied to the adapter tool may be switched off (or stopped) based on the first sensor unit data. When a fuel dispenser attached to a fuel hose that supplies fuel is disengaged from the fuel hose, some fuel may leave the hose and enter the atmosphere surrounding the adapter tool. Switching off the electricity means that there is no risk of explosion due to sparks from the adapter tool.

[0029] Thus, an advantage of the adapter kit of the present disclosure is that the adapter kit can be configured to be electrically switched off when the first sensor unit detects that the first piston has reached the retracted position. Preferably, the sensor is of a type capable of generating a signal that can be used to control the electronics of the adapter kit. The sensor can be a reed switch that is switched on under a magnetic field such that a circuit generating a signal is closed. This indicates that if the adapter tool is engaged with a dispenser unit of a fuel station and the vehicle is started while the fuel dispenser is positioned in the fuel inlet of the vehicle, the ferromagnetic unit of the fuel dispenser will disengage from the magnet of the adapter tool and the first piston will be displaced to the retracted position, thereby activating the sensor to electrically switch off the adapter tool and avoid a spark igniting any leaked gasoline. Depending on the estimated risk or risk assessment, the electrical means of the adapter tool can be switched off (deactivated). Alternatively, the adapter tool may be configured to be electrically switched off when the pressure in the airtight cavity of the adapter tool falls below a threshold value.

[0030] Additionally, the magnet can be a rare earth magnet, such as a neodymium magnet. The ferromagnetic unit or a portion of the ferromagnetic unit can be manufactured from a material that can magnetically engage with the magnet. In one embodiment, the ferromagnetic unit is a steel ring. To minimize electrostatic charges that can cause sudden discharges, a portion of the adapter tool can be made from an antistatic material. The portion of the adapter tool may be made of aluminum.

[0031] Further, the actuator may include a stem and a tip, the tip configured to pull or engage a lever of the fuel dispenser. Preferably, the tip of the actuator may engage the lever of the fuel dispenser, such as by a linear motion, such that the lever is displaced to actuate refueling. During refueling, the position of the tip relative to the stem may be a first position. In an advantageous embodiment, when a force is applied to the tip, the tip is pivotable such that the tip can pivot from the first position relative to the stem, and the tip is configured to pull or engage the lever to a second position relative to the stem, the second position being a position to which the tip can be displaced as a result of a force being applied to the tip. This means that the tip of the actuator may pivot if a force acting on the tip or the adapter tool is above a predetermined threshold.

[0032] Thus, in a further embodiment, when a force above a certain threshold acts on the tip, the tip can pivot from a first position relative to the stem to a second position relative to the stem, and the tip is configured not to pull or engage the lever. Advantageously, the tip of the adapter tool can be configured such that, if the adapter tool is displaced in a direction other than the lever actuation direction, the tip can pivot to avoid damage, such as breaking the tip of the adapter tool or the lever of the fuel dispenser unit. This means that in the case of a quick launch situation during or after refueling, when the fuel dispenser unit is still in the fuel inlet, the tip can pivot. In such a launch situation, the magnetic engagement between the ferromagnetic unit of the fuel dispenser unit and the magnet of the adapter tool is interrupted. However, the tip can still engage the lever of the fuel dispenser. Thus, the tip can be configured to be pivotable above a certain threshold to reduce harm to the adapter tool or a robotic system provided in connection with the adapter tool.

[0033] In one embodiment, the actuator may be pneumatically, hydraulically, or electrically actuated.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the actuator may include a second piston movable within a second cylinder, which may be pneumatically or hydraulically controlled. Alternatively, the second piston may be electrically controlled. The stem may be coupled to the second piston such that moving the second piston moves the stem and tip to control actuation of the lever.

[0035] Further, the actuator may include a spring. The actuator may be configured to actuate the lever of the fuel dispenser by pressure acting on the second piston. Upon magnetic engagement between the adapter tool and the fuel dispenser unit, the second piston may be moved such that the tip of the adapter tool may actuate the lever of the dispenser unit. The lever of the fuel dispenser may include a second spring, which biases the lever toward a closed position where the fuel dispenser is not refueling, such that the fuel dispenser is closed or closed by itself in the absence of other forces acting on the lever. During refueling, the force from the actuator acting on the lever may balance the force from the spring and the second spring such that the lever is in an intermediate refueling state. The fuel dispenser, such as for use with gasoline and diesel, may include a fuel dispenser sensor for detecting when the gasoline / diesel level has reached the fuel dispenser. If the fuel dispenser sensor detects that the gasoline / diesel level has reached the fuel dispenser, it shuts off the fuel dispenser to avoid spilling of gasoline / diesel. When the fuel dispenser is shut off, the second spring is no longer acting on the lever, which is how fuel dispensers are typically constructed.

[0036] The second piston may be configured such that the second piston, and thus a tip connected to the second piston, can move between an advanced position in which the second cylinder is not pressurized and an actuated position in which the second cylinder is pressurized so that the lever of the fuel dispenser can be loaded, and the lever is in an intermediate refueling state. When the fuel dispenser sensor detects that the petrol / diesel level in the fuel tank of the vehicle has reached the fuel dispenser sensor, the fuel dispenser is shut off and the second spring is not acting on the lever. The fuel dispenser sensor may be an overflow sensor. This means that if the fuel level rises above a certain level relative to the orifice of the fuel nozzle, the fuel dispenser can be shut off while restricting the supply of fuel. Alternatively, the fuel dispenser sensor can be configured such that the fuel dispenser can be shut off at a predetermined fuel supply level. When the fuel dispenser sensor detects that the fuel level in the fuel tank of the vehicle has reached the fuel dispenser sensor, the force acting on the lever is only the force from the actuator and the force from the spring, which is smaller than the force acting on the second piston. The second piston can then be moved away from the advanced position to a fully actuated position.

[0037] In one embodiment, the spring can be configured to prevent the actuator from reaching a fully actuated position when pressure is acting on the second piston during refueling. The fully actuated position may be, for example, an arrangement in which the piston of the second cylinder is further retracted than the actuated position. An advantage of the spring is that the spring can be loaded during refueling to adjust the pressure in the second cylinder accordingly. An advantage of this feature is that the spring engagement can increase the load capacity of the second piston to control the actuator. Preferably, the adapter tool can be configured such that when a shutoff mechanism of the fuel dispenser is actuated, the spring of the fuel dispenser stops acting on the lever, so that the piston of the second cylinder can move further retracted. In one embodiment, the second sensor unit can detect the positioning of the adapter tool based on the actuated shutoff mechanism. Thus, an advantage of the second sensor unit is that the sensor can sense when the refueling process is completed. As a result, in a system including the approach of the present disclosure, the system can detect the completion of the refueling process based on the sensor data and position the fuel dispenser in a fuel island of a gas station.

[0038] Thus, in one embodiment, the adapter tool may further comprise a second sensor unit configured to stop the actuator when it reaches a fully actuated position. The fully actuated position of the actuator may be a position where the piston is retracted further away from the lever or when the spring is further loaded compared to the load during refueling. It is envisaged that when the shut-off mechanism is actuated, the reaction force of the lever may be configured such that the spring is further loaded and the piston is further retracted, thereby allowing the second sensor to be actuated. The second sensor may be a reed sensor, a pressure sensor, an optical sensor, a position sensor, a laser sensor or any sensor configured to detect the completion of the refueling process.

[0039] Further, in one embodiment, the adapter tool can have a receiving surface for receiving the fuel dispenser, the receiving surface being concave for orienting the fuel dispenser.

[0040] In one embodiment, the adapter tool further includes a sealing unit configured to separate the magnet and the ferromagnetic unit when the magnet engages with the ferromagnetic unit. The sealing unit can be provided as part of the receiving surface of the adapter tool or as an extension thereof. In a further embodiment, the sealing unit can include a non-magnetic membrane. The non-magnetic membrane can be configured such that when the receiving surface receives the ferromagnetic unit of the fuel dispenser, the non-magnetic membrane can be located between an upper surface of the ferromagnetic unit and a lower surface of the magnet. Furthermore, the non-magnetic membrane can seal an interior of the adapter tool from the external environment.

[0041] This membrane can be made of a non-magnetic material. The advantage of having a sealing membrane between the magnet and the ferromagnetic unit can be to increase the efficiency of the magnetic coupling. During magnetic engagement, the magnetic forces are high and can activate wear modes such as adhesive wear, which can negatively affect the lifespan of the magnetic components as well as the efficiency in holding the ferromagnetic unit. Thus, a non-magnetic thin film with high durability and strength can increase the efficiency of the magnetic engagement while sealing the adapter tool from the external environment.

[0042] In a further embodiment, the sealing unit may include a spring. When the magnet engages with the ferromagnetic unit, the spring may be compressed. During disengagement of the magnet and the ferromagnetic unit, the spring may be unloaded. This arrangement may provide a flexible engagement. Thus, the spring may provide a flexible design to accommodate membrane misalignment, for example when the membrane has low elasticity.

[0043] In one embodiment, the adapter kit can include a suction cup configured to engage with a vehicle fuel door. The suction cup can use air pressure to seal against a surface, such as a vehicle fuel door. Preferably, the pressure between the suction cup and the fuel door surface can be negative so that a partial vacuum can be provided. For example, a vacuum ejector can be used to create the vacuum by ejecting pressurized air through an injector. Advantageously, the pressure in the mating area between the suction cup and the fuel door can be adjusted.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the suction cup may include an opening configured to apply a vacuum between the suction cup and the fuel door When the pressurized air flow is terminated, the injector exhaust may suck air back in, releasing the vacuum in the suction cup circuit.

[0045] In one embodiment, the adapter kit can include a spring for biasing the suction cup toward the retracted position. The spring can be provided in connection with the concave ring, which can be configured such that in the retracted position of the adapter tool, the suction cup can be fitted into the concave ring and / or held by the spring-engaged concave ring or the spring-engaged housing. Thus, generally, the suction cup can be maintained in a position defined by the spring-engaged housing unless the suction cup engages the fuel door. When the suction cup engages the fuel door, the spring-engaged housing can move according to the movement of the adapter tool. Thus, when the suction cup engages the fuel door, the spring can be compressed according to the movement of the spring-engaged housing. An advantage of the spring engagement can be to provide flexible movement of the suction cup while ensuring that the suction cup can be stably maintained within the housing unless the suction cup engages the fuel door.

[0046] In one embodiment, the adapter tool can include an optical sensor configured to capture an image of the vehicle's fuel door. Additionally, the optical sensor, such as a camera, can capture an image of the vehicle's fuel inlet. In a further embodiment, the adapter tool includes an optical sensor configured to capture an image of the vehicle's fuel inlet so that the fuel dispenser can be guided to the fuel inlet. An advantage of the adapter tool of the present disclosure is that it can enhance the guiding of the suction cup to the fuel door and / or the guiding of the fuel nozzle to the fuel inlet because the optical sensor can sense and determine the exact position of the fuel inlet so that the fuel nozzle (fuel dispenser) can be inserted after opening the fuel door. The visual guide can support an accurate refueling operation during opening and closing of the fuel door and / or engagement of the fuel nozzle with the fuel inlet. Thus, because the spring-engaged housing can hold the suction cup, the optical sensor can have a clearer image of the fuel door without obstruction of the suction cup or any other components of the adapter tool.

[0047] The intended use of the adapter kit of the present disclosure may be in a potentially explosive atmosphere requiring safety measures. In an explosive atmosphere, if there is a flammable material well mixed with air, an ignition source may cause an explosion. Thus, the adapter kit of the present disclosure may include a protective measure to protect workers, customers or items that may be at risk.

[0048] In one embodiment, any or any combination or all of the group of optical sensor, first sensor, second sensor, actuator, light source, inductive sensor can be positioned in the gas inlet and airtight cavity configured to receive gas to pressurize the cavity. The optical sensor, first sensor, and second sensor can be the optical sensor, first sensor, and second sensor described above, respectively, and can have any or any combination or all of the features and advantages of the optical sensor, first sensor, and second sensor, respectively, as described above. Preferably, the electronic element of the adapter tool can be located in the cavity in the adapter tool so that the cavity housing the electronic element can be pressurized. The electronic element can be various sensors used to improve the adapter tool of the present disclosure. The sensor can be a reed sensor, an inductive sensor, or a light source that senses the movement of the piston. The light source can be any light source preferably provided for illumination to the optical sensor. The inductive sensor is configured so that the adapter kit can be operated manually. Advantageously, the adapter tool is pressurized such that it is capable of maintaining a predetermined pressure level, thus preventing any explosive gases from reaching the electronics inside the adapter tool.

[0049] Moreover, an advantage of the adapter kit of the present disclosure is that the adapter kit can be added to an existing fuel station, and thus the fuel dispenser may be for dispensing conventional fuels, such as gasoline or diesel, or non-conventional fuels, such as hydrogen or electricity.

[0050] The present disclosure further relates to a robotic refueling system for automatically operating a fuel station to refuel a vehicle. The robotic refueling system may include a detection unit for identifying a vehicle, a robotic arm, and an adapter kit. The system may be configured to detect and identify the vehicle and control the robotic arm. Preferably, an adapter tool may be engaged with the robotic arm. Thus, the system may be configured to control the adapter tool to engage a fuel dispenser of the fuel station to refuel the vehicle.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the robotic arm can be a collaborative robotic arm. An advantage of the robotic refueling system of the present disclosure is that the adapter kit is configured to be guided by a collaborative robotic arm that is designed to work among humans and provides a safe working environment outside of a dedicated work cell.

[0052] In one embodiment, the robotic refueling system can be configured such that the suction cup can follow a predefined coordinate. The predefined coordinate can be defined according to data on two coordinates provided to the system. The two coordinates may relate to a coordinate when the fuel door is activated (open) for fuel intake and a coordinate when the fuel door is not activated (closed). Thus, in a further embodiment, the predefined coordinate can be defined by a two-point teach-in. This two-point teach-in can be applied to opening and closing the fuel door.

[0053] In one embodiment, the suction cup can be configured to follow a predetermined path, defined by a straight line between two points, the two coordinates representing the coordinates of the suction cup when the fuel door is closed and when it is open. For each vehicle model, the robotic refueling system can be taught these two coordinates.

[0054] Preferably, the suction cup can be held by a housing extending from the actuator, for example from a stem of the actuator. The housing can be a spring-engaged housing. Thus, the suction cup can be held in place when the actuator is in the extended position. When the suction cup is coupled to the fuel door, the actuator can move away from the suction cup and return to a retracted position, allowing the suction cup to move freely. Preferably, the movement of the suction cup between the fixed and free positions is controlled by the actuator of the adapter tool, such that a two-point teach-in can be applied. Thus, in one embodiment, the adapter tool can be configured such that the adapter tool can be displaced while the suction cup is engaged with the fuel door of the vehicle.

[0055] A major advantage of two-point teach-in is that it provides an efficient and fast teaching method. The system can be configured to receive data regarding two positions of the suction cup. The first position may be when the suction cup first engages with the fuel door and the second position of the suction cup may be when the fuel door is available for fuel intake, for example. A major advantage of two-point teach-in is that it provides an efficient and fast teaching method leading to a cost-effective automated solution. It is not necessary for the robotic refueling system to be adapted to the size and / or rotation axis of the fuel door of every single type of vehicle.

[0056] Further, in an embodiment, the adapter may include an inductive sensor configured to activate a free drive function so that the adapter tool can be manually controlled. Particularly during a vehicle teach-in process, manual control (free drive function) of the adapter tool may be desirable. Thus, in an embodiment, the adapter tool and / or the robotic refueling system may include a button unit, the button unit configured to activate the free drive function during an active state. In an advantageous embodiment, the button unit may be configured such that the button unit is an airtight button unit, so that the button unit can be sealed against the adapter tool. As the button unit is airtight, any explosive gases may be prevented from reaching the electronics. Thus, the button unit may be an explosion-proof button unit, and may meet the requirements needed by the equipment to work safely in an explosive environment without any accidents. The button unit may be disengaged under conditions where the robotic refueling system is over-pressurized. Advantageously, an explosion-proof adapter tool and / or robotic refueling system may be provided.

[0057] The button unit may include a button that may be actuated by a user. Actuation of the button unit may be provided automatically, such as by a control system. The button unit may further include a sealing member that provides a sealed connection to an adapter tool. In a further embodiment, the button unit may include a sensor, such as an inductive sensor, to sense when the button unit is in an actuated position. The actuated position of the button unit may be desired to reset a refueling operation, to activate a manual refueling process, to retract the robotic arm, and / or to perform a teach-in process. The actuated position may also be desired to reset the robotic refueling system. For example, if an operator mistakenly causes the robotic refueling system to shut down, the operator may be able to reset the refueling system without requiring a technician on-site.

[0058] As a result, an advantage of the disclosed system is that the adapter tool can engage a fuel dispenser unit at a fuel station, prepare a fuel intake at a fuel door of a vehicle, provide a fuel dispenser to a fuel receiving portion of the vehicle, and dispense fuel.

[0059] Detailed Description of the Drawings Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings, where applicable. However, it should be noted that the systems and methods of the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms. The embodiments provided herein are intended to provide a thorough and complete disclosure. Thus, the embodiments described herein should not be construed as limiting, but as a tool for conveying the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals refer to the same elements throughout this document.

[0060] 1 shows one embodiment of a fuel dispenser adapter kit for engagement with a fuel dispenser 3. The adapter kit comprises an adapter tool 1 and a ferromagnetic unit 2. The ferromagnetic unit 2 comprises an annular collar 21, which is assembled around a tubular retaining frame 32 of the fuel dispenser 3.

[0061] In Figure 2, one embodiment of a detailed view of the ferromagnetic unit 2 attached to the fuel dispenser 3 is shown. The ferromagnetic unit 2 can be a ferromagnetic element such as a cylinder made of plated steel such as stainless steel or nickel plated steel. The ferromagnetic unit 2 is fixed to a collar 21 such that the top surface of the ferromagnetic unit 2 engages a cylindrical magnet located in the adapter tool 1. The bottom surface 14 of the adapter tool 1 has a circular hole through which the ferromagnetic unit 2 is received and engages with the magnet 11 as shown in Figure 3. Alternatively, the ferromagnetic unit 2 can be integrated into the fuel dispenser, in which case the annular collar 21 is not required.

[0062] FIG. 4A shows the location of the section line of one embodiment of a side cross-sectional view of the adapter tool. A detail of the side cross-sectional view is shown in FIG. 4B. The adapter tool 1 includes a first cylinder 12, such as a pneumatic cylinder, and a piston 7 movable in the first cylinder 12 in the direction of magnetic attraction. The piston 7 includes a rod 13 extending from the center of the piston 7 such that the rod 13 is connected at the other end to a magnet 11. The magnet 11 can be connected to the rod 13 by a threaded circular extension extending from the center of the magnet 11 and connecting to a threaded hole in the rod 13. The magnet 11 is movable in the cavity 8 between an advanced position and a retracted position. An embodiment of the advanced position is shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4B. In the advanced position, the magnet 11 is magnetically engaged with the ferromagnetic unit 2. Since the ferromagnetic unit 2 is fixed to the fuel dispenser 3, when the adapter tool 1 approaches the fuel dispenser 3, the piston moves towards the bottom wall portion 27 in the first cylinder 11 and the magnet 11 moves within the cavity 8 towards the bottom surface 14 of the adapter tool 1, attracting the ferromagnetic unit 2.

[0063] Furthermore, the adapter tool 1 includes at least a first sensor for detecting that the first piston 7 has reached a retracted position, which is further away from the ferromagnetic unit 2 compared to the advanced position in which the adapter tool engages the fuel dispenser. The retracted position may be reached, for example, if the fuel dispenser is accidentally removed. In such a case, when the magnetic force is interrupted, the piston 7 is pushed towards the top wall 37 of the first cylinder 12, which is the wall opposite to the bottom wall 27, where the piston 7 is attracted under the magnetic field. A sensor, such as a reed sensor, is located on the upper side of the first cylinder 12 close to the top wall 37, so that the sensor can sense the magnetic field introduced by the magnet embedded in the piston 7. Thus, when the sensor detects the retracted position of the piston 7, the adapter tool 1 can be controlled accordingly, such as by electrically switching it off.

[0064] Fig. 5A shows an embodiment of an adapter tool and a cutaway section. A corresponding embodiment of a detailed top cross-sectional view of the adapter tool is shown in Fig. 5B. The adapter tool 1 further comprises an actuator 10 configured to engage with a lever 31 (see Fig. 1) of a fuel dispenser 3. The actuator 10 comprises a second piston movable in a second cylinder 42, which is pneumatically or hydraulically or electrically controlled. The piston of the second cylinder 42 has a working mode between retraction and forward movement. In the retracted position, the piston of the second cylinder is configured such that the actuator engages with the lever of the fuel dispenser.

[0065] The actuator 10 further includes a stem 16 that extends longitudinally from the bottom surface 14 of the adapter tool 1, as shown in Figures 4A and 6. A tubular tip 17 is attached to the stem 16 such that the tip 17 extends from a side of the stem 16. Thus, the tip 17 is capable of pulling or engaging a lever 31 of the fuel dispenser 3, as shown in Figure 1.

[0066] FIG. 7 illustrates one embodiment of a cross-sectional view of the actuator 10. The actuator 10 includes a spring 18 configured to be loaded during refueling. Additionally, the tip 17 is pivotable from a first position relative to the stem 16. During refueling, the tip 17 is perpendicular to the stem 16 so that the tip can be actuated to move linearly in response to the movement of the piston of the second cylinder 42 to engage the lever of the fuel dispenser 3. When a force above a predetermined threshold acts on the tip 17, the tip 17 can pivot relative to the stem 16 to a second position where the tip is approximately collinear with the stem, resulting in a lever failure position. An embodiment of the actuator 10 in the lever failure position is illustrated in FIG. 8. In this lever failure position, the fuel dispenser 3 can easily slip out of the grip of the adapter tool 1 so that the adapter tool 1 and / or the robotic arm holding the adapter tool are not destroyed if the driver accidentally drives away while the fuel dispenser is still attached to the vehicle. The adapter tool is configured such that the tip 17 engages the stem 16 of the actuator 10 via a conical surface 19. An advantage of the location of the conical surface 19 and the design of the pivotable tip 17 is that it can accommodate pivoting of the tip 17 under forces resulting in a lever fail position with reduced damage to tool components.

[0067] According to Fig. 6, the adapter tool 1 may further include a receiving surface 15 for receiving the fuel dispenser 3. The receiving surface 15 is concave for orienting the fuel dispenser 3. Furthermore, the adapter tool 1 includes a camera 5, which is configured to capture images such that the suction cup 6 can be guided to the fuel door and the fuel dispenser can be guided to the fuel inlet of the vehicle. The camera 5 is thus located in a cavity of the adapter tool 1, which includes an opening in a bottom surface 14 of the adapter tool 1 such that the camera 5 can capture images from the bottom surface 14.

[0068] When the suction cup 6 engages with the fuel door of the vehicle, a vacuum is created between the suction cup 6 and the fuel door. The suction cup 6 is connected to a vacuum tube 26 (see Figures 5A and 9A). The vacuum tube 26 can be arranged such that the vacuum between the suction cup and the fuel door can be created by a vacuum ejector, providing a simple and cost-effective solution. When the pressurized air stops, the vacuum is interrupted. When the pressurized air flow is terminated, the exhaust of the vacuum tube 26 sucks the air back in, releasing the vacuum in the circuit of the suction cup 6. Alternatively, a vacuum pump of some type can be configured to create a vacuum between the suction cup and the fuel door.

[0069] A recessed ring 36 attached to the stem 16 can hold the suction cup 6 in place when the stem 16 is in the extended position. In the extended position, the actuator 10 extends longitudinally from the bottom surface 14 of the adapter tool compared to the retracted position of the actuator 10, and the piston of the second cylinder 42 can retract the stem 16 and / or tip 17 of the actuator 10.

[0070] In the embodiment of the extended position shown in Figure 9B, the suction cup 6 is fixed. When the suction cup 6 is coupled to the fuel door, the stem 16, and thus the concave ring 36, return to the retracted position as shown in Figure 9A, allowing the suction cup 6 to move freely. Thus, the adapter tool can remain in the same orientation relative to the vehicle while opening the fuel door, for example by rotating 90 degrees.

[0071] Alternatively, there may be one or more magnets in the recessed ring 36 and a ferromagnetic ring attached to the suction cup 6 such that the suction cup 6 is not coupled to the fuel door but can be retained within the recessed ring 36 when the stem 16 is manipulated to actuate the lever. Retaining the suction cup 6 within the recessed ring 36 may reduce stress on the vacuum tube 26. Additionally, the suction cup 6 can be retained by the recessed ring 36 during operation of the lever of the fuel dispenser and / or possible interference with the refueling operation.

[0072] Furthermore, the freedom of movement of the suction cup 6 allows two-point teach-in to be applied to opening and closing the fuel door.

[0073] FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of an actuator assembly comprising an actuator 10 and a suction cup assembly including a spring-engaged housing. The spring-engaged housing includes a spring 37, a stopper 38, and a concave ring 36. The spring 37 is mounted around a vacuum tube (not shown) and provides a vacuum to the suction cup 6. The spring 37 is fixed to the stopper 38 and is mounted between the stopper 38 and the concave ring 36. The spring 37 can be configured to press the concave ring 36 against the suction cup 6 so that when the suction cup 6 is not actuated, e.g., not engaged with the fuel door, the spring 37 remains within the housing of the concave ring 36. The spring engagement can be an alternative solution to mounting a ferromagnetic magnetic ring on the suction cup.

[0074] Figure 11 shows one embodiment of a side cross-sectional view of the adapter tool 1. The section line of this embodiment is similar to the position of the side cross-sectional view of the adapter tool shown in Figure 4A. In the drawing of Figure 11, for ease of presentation, some of the parts housed by the adapter tool 1 are hidden, such as cylinders, pistons, magnets, etc. The adapter tool 1 comprises a sealing unit 30 having a separation membrane 34 towards the bottom surface 14 of the adapter tool 1, which separates and seals the inner cavity 8 of the adapter tool 1 from the outside.

[0075] The bottom surface 14 of the adapter tool includes a conical recess 35 for receiving a ferromagnetic unit (not shown) positioned on a fuel dispenser (not shown). A membrane 34 is located at the top of the recess 35 so that the membrane can separate the ferromagnetic unit and the magnet during magnetic engagement of the magnet and the ferromagnetic unit by engaging with the bottom surface of the magnet and the top surface of the ferromagnetic unit. The membrane 34 is made of a non-magnetic material. The membrane 34 is positioned with a spring 33 provided in the cavity 8 of the adapter tool 1. The spring 33 is positioned to improve smooth engagement and disengagement of the magnet above the membrane 34 with the ferromagnetic unit positioned on the fuel dispenser and therefore below the membrane 34.

[0076] FIG. 12 shows one embodiment of a button unit, such as a tool free drive button assembly 40. In this embodiment, actuating a button 43 by pressing the button can be advantageous for purposes of, for example, teaching, resetting, free driving, and retracting the adapter tool. This actuating button can also be actuated manually and / or automatically. The free drive button assembly 40 includes a housing 44 assembled in a sealed manner to the adapter tool. The housing 44 partially houses a user accessible button 43 at its lower end. The button 43 can be pushed towards a cavity in the housing 44 by engaging a sleeve bearing 48. Within the housing 44, a spring 46 engages an upper portion of the button 43. A button seal 45 is provided within the housing above the spring 43. An inductive sensor 47 is located above the button seal 45. When the button 43 is pushed, the sensor 47 senses the pushing action.

Claims

1. 1. A fuel dispenser adapter kit including an adapter tool and a ferromagnetic unit that is part of a fuel dispenser or configured to be attached to the fuel dispenser, the adapter tool comprising: a magnet configured to magnetically engage the ferromagnetic unit; and an actuator configured to actuate a lever of the fuel dispenser; Includes adapter kit.

2. The adapter kit of claim 1 , wherein the actuator is pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically actuated.

3. 3. The adapter kit of claim 1, wherein the magnet is movable between an advanced position and a retracted position within the adapter tool, the advanced position being configured to be closer to the ferromagnetic material than the retracted position when the magnet and the ferromagnetic unit are magnetically engaged with each other.

4. An adapter kit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the magnet is attached to a first piston movable within a first cylinder, the first piston being pneumatically or hydraulically or electrically controlled.

5. The adapter kit of claim 4 , wherein the adapter tool further comprises at least a first sensor unit configured to detect when the first piston reaches the retracted position.

6. The adapter kit of claim 5 , wherein the adapter kit is configured to be electrically turned off when the first sensor unit detects that the first piston has reached the retracted position.

7. 7. The adapter kit of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the actuator has a stem and a tip attached to the stem, the tip configured to pull or engage a lever of the fuel dispenser.

8. 8. The adapter kit of claim 7, wherein when a force above a predetermined threshold acts on the tip, the tip is pivotable from a first position relative to the stem, the tip is configured to pull or engage the lever to a second position relative to the stem, and the tip is configured not to pull or engage the lever.

9. An adapter kit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the actuator comprises a second piston coupled to the stem and movable within a second cylinder.

10. 10. The adapter kit of claim 9, wherein the actuator includes a spring, the actuator configured to actuate the lever by pressure acting on the second piston, the spring configured to prevent the actuator from reaching a fully actuated position during filling when the pressure is acting on the second piston, and the spring configured to allow the actuator to reach the fully actuated position when the filling is terminated and while the pressure is acting on the second piston.

11. The adapter kit of claim 10 , wherein the adapter tool further comprises a second sensor unit, the second sensor unit configured to stop the actuator when the actuator reaches the fully actuated position.

12. The fuel dispenser includes: conventional fuels such as gasoline or diesel, or non-conventional fuels such as hydrogen or electricity; 12. An adapter kit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which is a fuel dispenser for dispensing

13. An adapter kit according to any preceding claim, including a suction cup configured to engage a fuel door of a vehicle.

14. The adapter kit of claim 13 , wherein the suction cup has an opening configured to create a vacuum between the suction cup and the fuel door.

15. An adapter kit according to any one of claims 13 to 14, wherein the adapter kit includes a spring for biasing the suction cup towards a retracted position.

16. An adapter kit according to any preceding claim, wherein the ferromagnetic unit is attached to a collar configured to fasten to a fuel dispenser.

17. 17. The adapter kit of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the adapter tool includes an optical sensor configured to capture an image of a fuel door of a vehicle so as to guide a suction cup to the fuel door to open the fuel door.

18. 18. The adapter kit of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the adapter tool includes an optical sensor configured to capture an image of a fuel inlet of a vehicle so as to guide the fuel dispenser to the fuel inlet.

19. Optical sensor, A first sensor, A second sensor, and The actuation device, a light source, preferably for providing illumination to said light sensor; an inductive sensor configured so that the adapter kit can be manually operated; 19. The adapter kit of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein any or any combination or all of the group of are positioned within an airtight cavity with a gas inlet configured to receive gas to pressurize the cavity.

20. An adapter kit according to any preceding claim, wherein the adapter tool has a receiving surface for receiving the fuel dispenser, the receiving surface being concave to accommodate the fuel dispenser.

21. 21. The adapter kit of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the adapter tool includes a sealing unit, the sealing unit configured to separate the magnet and the ferromagnetic unit when the magnet engages the ferromagnetic unit.

22. The adapter kit of claim 21 , wherein the sealing unit includes a non-magnetic membrane.

23. 23. A robotic refueling system for automatically operating a fuel station to refuel a vehicle, the robotic refueling system comprising a detection unit for identifying a vehicle, a robotic arm, and an adapter kit according to any one of claims 1 to 22, the robotic refueling system being configured to detect and identify the vehicle and control the robotic arm and the adapter tool to engage a fuel dispenser of the fuel station and refuel the vehicle.

24. 24. The robotic refueling system of claim 23, wherein the robotic arm is a collaborative robotic arm.

25. The robotic refueling system of any one of claims 23 to 24, further comprising a suction cup configured to follow predetermined coordinates.

26. 26. The robotic refueling system of claim 25, wherein the predetermined coordinates are defined by a two-point teach-in.

27. The robotic refuelling system of any one of claims 23 to 26, wherein the suction cups are configured to follow a predetermined path, the predetermined path being defined by a straight line between two points.

28. 28. The robotic refueling system of claim 23, further configured to: engage the adapter tool with the fuel dispenser unit to prepare the fuel door for fuel intake; provide the fuel dispenser to a fuel receptacle of the vehicle; and dispense the fuel.

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