Open / close detection device, open / close detection system, and management system

Abstract

To reduce the power consumption and cost of an open / close detection device.SOLUTION: An open / close detection device 1 features to include a photovoltaic cell 3 which generates electric power by light energy and supplies the power to the open / close detection device 1, a voltage detection unit 13 which detects a voltage change inside the photovoltaic cell 3, and an open / close state determination unit 15 which determines an open / close state of an open / close body 35 which opens / closes an opening 33 provided in a fixed section 31 according to the voltage change detected by the voltage detection unit 13. With such a configuration, the power consumption and cost of the open / close detection device 1 can be reduced.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an open / close detection device, an open / close detection system, and a management system. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art For security reasons, opening / closing detection devices are installed at entrances and window openings of buildings in order to detect whether doors or the like are open or closed and their open / closed states. As an open / close detection device, a type that detects the open / close state of a door or the like by an optical sensor is known. In hotels and other facilities, opening and closing detection devices are used to remotely check the opening and closing status of doors, etc., for use in security responses and to provide services to users. Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a configuration for detecting the open / closed state of a door by placing a light-emitting portion and a light-receiving portion of an optical sensor opposite each other, with the aim of detecting the open / closed state of the door with high accuracy. However, the open / close state detection devices using optical sensors disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 require a sensor having a light-emitting unit and a light-detecting unit as an optical sensor in addition to a power source, which poses the problem of increased power consumption and costs for the light-emitting unit. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the power consumption and cost of an open / close detection device. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] In order to solve the above problem, the invention described in claim 1 is an open / close detection device comprising a photocell that generates electricity from light energy and supplies power to the open / close detection device, a voltage detection unit that detects voltage changes inside the photocell, and an open / close state discrimination unit that discriminates the open / close state of the open / close body that opens and closes an opening provided in a fixed part based on the voltage change detected by the voltage detection unit. Effect of the Invention

[0005] According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the power consumption and cost of an open / close detection device. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0006] [Figure 1] 1 is an explanatory diagram of an external appearance of an open / close detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit of an open / close detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 3] 3 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a detailed circuit of each functional unit shown in FIG. 2. [Figure 4] 4 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration for detecting the voltage of each cell in a voltage detection unit. FIG. [Diagram 5] 4 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration for a voltage detection unit to detect a voltage as a digital value. FIG. [Figure 6] 1 is a front view of an opening / closing detection device installed in the gap between the lower end of the opening / closing body and the floor. FIG. [Figure 7] 5(a) to (c) are schematic diagrams showing a comparison of the change in output voltage due to the effect of shadow depending on the position of the opening / closing body, and FIG. 5(d) is a graph showing the value of the output current corresponding to the output voltage in each example. [Figure 8] 13(a) to 13(d) are schematic diagrams showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and a photoelectric cell when the opening / closing body is being opened. [Figure 9] 9 is a diagram showing voltages Va1 to Vc1 corresponding to each position of the opening / closing body shown in FIGS. 8(a) to (d). FIG. [Figure 10] 13(a) to 13(d) are schematic diagrams showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and a photoelectric cell when the opening / closing body is being opened. [Figure 11] FIG. 12 is a diagram showing voltages Va1 to Vc1 corresponding to each position of the opening / closing body shown in FIGS. 10(a) to (d). [Figure 12] 13(a) to 13(d) are schematic plan views showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and a photoelectric cell when the opening / closing body moves from a closed state to an open state. [Figure 13]FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a table of voltages Va1 to Vc1 corresponding to each position in FIG. 12(a) to (d). [Figure 14] 14(i) to 14(iii) are graphs showing voltage changes corresponding to the positional state of the opening / closing body when the opening / closing body is moved from a closed state to an open state in FIGS. [Figure 15] 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the open / close detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 16] 11 is a flowchart of a subroutine for recording and setting a pattern of a voltage change when an opening / closing body is opened and closed. [Figure 17] 13 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the lower edge of the opening / closing body and the cells in a configuration example in which no cells are arranged under the opening / closing body when the opening / closing body is in a closed state. FIG. [Figure 18] 13 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the cells in a configuration example in which the series connection portions of the cells are arranged to overlap the lower end surface of the opening / closing body when the opening / closing body is in a closed state. FIG. [Figure 19] 13 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the cell in a configuration example in which the cell is not arranged below the opening / closing body when the opening / closing body is in a closed state. FIG. [Figure 20] 13 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the cell in a configuration example in which the opening / closing body is positioned so that the shadow of the opening / closing body does not fall on the cell when the opening / closing body is in a closed state. FIG. [Figure 21] 1 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the cells in an example configuration in which the shadow of the opening / closing body falls on one row of cells connected in series when the opening / closing body is in a closed state. FIG. [Figure 22] 13 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and cells in a configuration example in which the shadow of the opening / closing body falls on one row of cells connected in series when the opening / closing body is in a closed state. FIG. [Diagram 23] 1A is a front view of the open / close detection device installed on the upper edge of the open / close body, and FIG. 1B is a front view of the open / close detection device installed along one side edge of the open / close body. [Figure 24]13A and 13B are schematic plan views showing how the opening / closing body is opened and closed in an example configuration in which an opening / closing detection device is installed at a position along the upper edge of the opening / closing body. [Diagram 25] 1A is a front view of the opening / closing detection device installed in a position along the upper edge of the opening of the fixed part, and FIG. 1B is a front view of the opening / closing detection device installed on one side edge of the opening of the fixed part. [Figure 26] 13(a) and 13(b) are schematic diagrams showing an example of a configuration in which an open / close body is opened and closed in a configuration in which an open / close detection device is installed on the upper edge of the opening of the fixed part. [Figure 27] 1(a) is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of an open / close detection system in which a shadow forming member is installed on the upper edge side of the opening of the fixed part and an open / close detection device is installed on the upper edge of the opening / closing body, and FIG. 1(b) is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of an open / close detection system in which a shadow forming member is installed at a position along one side edge of the opening of the fixed part and an open / close detection device is installed on one side edge of the opening / closing body. [Figure 28] 13(a) and 13(b) are schematic diagrams showing the opening and closing of an opening / closing body in an example configuration of an opening / closing detection system in which a shadow forming member is placed along the upper edge of the opening of the fixed part and an opening / closing detection device is placed on the upper edge of the opening / closing body. [Figure 29] 1A is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of an open / close detection system in which a shadow forming member is installed along the upper end of the open / close body and an open / close detection device is installed along the upper end of the opening of the fixed part, and FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of an open / close detection system in which a shadow forming member is installed along one side edge of the open / close body and an open / close detection device is installed along one side edge of the opening of the fixed part. [Diagram 30] 13(a) and 13(b) are schematic diagrams showing the opening and closing of an opening / closing body in an example configuration of an opening / closing detection system in which a shadow forming member is installed along the upper end of the opening / closing body and an opening / closing detection device is installed along the upper end of the opening of the fixed part. [Diagram 31] 13(a) and 13(b) are schematic diagrams showing the opening and closing of a sliding door in an example configuration of an opening and closing detection system in which an opening and closing detection device is installed along the upper edge of the sliding door and a shadow forming member is installed along the upper edge of the opening. [Diagram 32] 13(a) and 13(b) are schematic diagrams showing the opening and closing of a sliding door in an example configuration of an opening and closing detection system in which an opening and closing detection device is installed along the upper end of the sliding door and a shadow forming member is installed along the upper end of the opening of the fixed part. [Diagram 33] 2 is a top view showing an example in which the number of cells connected in series is increased with respect to the photoelectric cell of the open / close detector shown in FIG. 1. FIG. [Diagram 34] 1. FIG. 4 is a top view showing an example in which the interval between series-connected cells is increased in the photoelectric cell of the open / close detection device shown in FIG. [Diagram 35] 2 is a top view showing an example in which a photocell is arranged in series with respect to the photocell of the open / close detector shown in FIG. 1. FIG. [Diagram 36] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration of a management system according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 37] FIG. 37 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of the server shown in FIG. 36. [Figure 38] FIG. 37 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the server shown in FIG. 36. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0007] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, unless otherwise specified, the components, types, combinations, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like described in this embodiment are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention aims to reduce the power consumption and cost of an open / close detection device. In other words, the opening and closing detection device of the present invention is an opening and closing detection device characterized by comprising a photocell that generates electricity using light energy and supplies power to the opening and closing detection device, a voltage detection unit that detects voltage changes inside the photocell, and an opening and closing state discrimination unit that discriminates the opening and closing state of an opening and closing body that opens and closes an opening provided in a fixed part based on the voltage change detected by the voltage detection unit.

[0008] The present invention has the following features in detecting the open / closed state of a door. By giving a photovoltaic cell a light detection function that can detect changes in the output voltage of multiple cells, it can perform both a power supply function and a light detection function that can determine whether light is hitting the cells. By using an open / close detector with these functions and positioning the cell so that it is hidden in the shadow of the door as the door moves and is no longer exposed to light, it is possible to detect whether the door is open or closed.

[0009] <Open / close detector> FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the appearance of an open / close detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The open / close detector 1 is equipped with a photovoltaic cell 3, which is a solar cell composed of multiple cells C (battery cells), and each cell C generates electricity according to the amount of light received on the cell surface and supplies power to the device. Each cell C is a solar cell element itself, and is also called a solar cell cell (battery cell). The light energy may include light radiated from the sun (sunlight) and light emitted from indoor fluorescent lamps and LED lamps. In Fig. 1, the array of multiple cells C is expressed as 3 x 3 cells, but it is sufficient to have 2 x 2 cells, 3 x 2 cells, etc.

[0010] <Block diagram> FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a circuit of an open / close detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2, the photovoltaic cell 3 is connected in parallel in three rows, with three cells C connected in series. A bypass diode is connected in parallel to each of the series-connected cells C, so that even if a cell C cannot generate power because it is covered by the shadow of the opening / closing body 35, the current generated by the other cells C can flow. In addition, a diode for preventing reverse current is connected to the output side of cell C, which is connected in parallel. If even a part of a cell C is in the shadow, no power is generated in that cell C. When all cells C are exposed to light, the voltages Va1, Vb1, and Vc1 are the same, and are also nearly equal to the voltage Vout. The output voltage also drops by the number of cells C that are in the shadow; for example, if one cell C in the Va1-Va3 row is in the shadow, Va1 will be at two-thirds the voltage. Even in this case, if the other rows are not in the shadow, Vout will be the same as when all cells C are exposed to light (strictly speaking, this depends on the magnitude of the output current, but here we will assume that the output current of the photovoltaic cell 3 is sufficiently large compared to the current consumption of the device).

[0011] In the open / close detector 1, the power generated by the photocell 3 is stored in the power storage unit 5 and is supplied to the control IC 9 via the power supply IC 7 as a power supply for control. The power storage unit 5 is composed of components that store electrical energy, such as a capacitor or a battery. Since the output of the photovoltaic cell 3 changes depending on how the light hits it, a DC / DC converter may be inserted in the input stage of the power storage unit (output section of the photovoltaic cell 3) to convert the voltage level according to the voltage of the capacitor or battery. The power storage unit 5 is not essential, and may not be necessary depending on the opening and closing of the door and the pattern of light hitting it. The power supply IC 7 generates the power supply used by the control IC. Since the voltage of the power storage unit 5 varies depending on the charging state, a DC / DC converter or the like can be used to stably supply the power supply voltage to the control IC 9. However, this may not be necessary depending on the allowable power supply voltage range of the control IC 9.

[0012] The voltage detection section 13 detects a voltage change inside the photocell 3 , and outputs the detected voltage change to the open / closed state determination section 15 via the input section 11 . The control IC 9 includes a CPU, ROM, RAM, timer, etc., and realizes various processing functions by the CPU loading a program read from the ROM into the RAM and executing the program read from the RAM. The timer keeps track of the current time (date, time, minutes, and seconds) and outputs it upon request from the CPU. The control IC 9 realizes an input unit 11, an open / closed state determination unit 15, a storage unit 16, and a communication unit 17 by executing a program. The input unit 11 has an AD converter and converts the voltages Va1, Vb1, and Vc1 detected by the voltage detection unit 13 into voltage data. The function of the voltage detection unit 13 may be incorporated in the control IC 9. The storage unit 16 stores in advance a voltage pattern (a pattern of voltage change) corresponding to the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35. The open / close state determination unit 15 determines the open / close state of the open / close body 35 based on a voltage change input from the voltage detection unit 13 via the input unit 11 . The open / close state determination unit 15 determines whether the open / close body 35 is open and the degree to which the open / close body 35 is open (opening angle) from voltage changes in Va1, Vb1, and Vc1 (see the following figures for specific voltage changes) when the open / close body 35, which opens and closes the opening provided in the fixed part, is open or closed. Also, although the voltages of Va1, Vb1, and Vc1 are detected in Fig. 2, other cell voltages such as Va2 may be detected. The opening / closing state determination unit 15 determines the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35 based on the voltage pattern read out from the storage unit 16 and the voltage pattern detected by the voltage detection unit 13 . The communication unit 17 can notify the determined open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35. By communicating with an external system such as a management system using the communication unit 17, the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 can be managed within the facility. The communication in the communication unit 17 may be either wired communication or wireless communication. According to this embodiment, when the power generated by the photovoltaic cell 3 is insufficient, the open / close state discrimination unit 15 operates using power supplied from the power storage unit 5, and can therefore operate even when the entire light receiving surface of the photovoltaic cell 3 is temporarily in shadow.

[0013] <Detailed circuits for each functional section> FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a detailed circuit of each functional unit shown in FIG. In the photovoltaic cell 3, the amount of power generated changes depending on how the light hits it, and the output voltage Vout changes (for example, between 0 and 6 V). To suppress this change in output voltage, the output voltage Vcc1 is kept constant (for example, at 5 V) by the DC / DC converter 19. At this time, electricity is stored in the capacitor C1 (or a battery), which is an example of the power storage unit 5, so that the device can operate for a certain amount of time even if there is no power generation by the photovoltaic cell 3. Since Vcc1 also changes depending on whether or not the photovoltaic cell 3 generates power and the amount of discharge of the capacitor C1, the power supply Vcc2 output from the DC / DC converter 21 is kept constant (for example, at 3 V) so that the power supply Vcc of the control IC is stable. In the voltage detection unit 13a, for example, the voltage values ​​of the connection points where Va1, Vb1, and Vc1 are divided by two resistors R connected in series are read by the analog input unit (ADC1-3) of the control IC 9, thereby detecting them. The analog input unit (ADC1-3) includes three A / D converters. As long as the voltage detection unit 13a can read the voltage values, a method other than resistive voltage division may be used. The switch SW1 is a switch for resetting the operation of the control IC 9, and one end of the switch SW1 is connected to the reset terminal of the control IC 9, and the reset terminal is further pulled up to the power supply Vcc2 via a resistor R. When the switch SW1 is pressed, the reset terminal transitions from a high state to a low state, and the operation of the CPU provided in the control IC 9 is reset. The switch SW2 is a switch for setting the operation of the control IC 9, and one end of the switch SW2 is connected to a set terminal of the control IC 9, which is further pulled up to a power supply Vcc2 via a resistor R. When the switch SW2 is pressed, the set terminal changes from a high state to a low state, and the operation of the CPU provided in the control IC 9 is set. According to this embodiment, when the power generated by the photovoltaic cell 3 is insufficient, the open / close state discrimination unit 15 operates using power supplied from the power storage unit 5, and can therefore operate even when the entire photovoltaic cell 3 is temporarily hidden or blocked by the shadow of an opening / closing body or the like.

[0014] <Voltage detection section> Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration for detecting the voltage of each cell in the voltage detection unit. In Fig. 4, the voltage detection unit 13b detects the voltage values ​​of the connection points where Va1, Vb1, Vc1, Va2, Vb2, Vc2, Va3, Vb3, and Vc3 are respectively divided by two resistors R connected in series, by reading them with the analog input unit (ADC1-9) of the control IC 9. The analog input unit (ADC1-9) has nine A / D converters.

[0015] <Voltage detection section> FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration in which the voltage detection unit detects a voltage as a digital value. 3 and 4 show an example in which the voltage detection units 13a and 13b detect the voltage of each cell C as an analog value, whereas FIG. 5 shows an example in which the voltage detection unit 13c detects the voltage as a digital value. In the voltage detection unit 13c, the input terminals of three stages of comparators CPa1, CPa2, and CPa3 are connected in series, and the comparator CPa1 compares the voltages Va1 and Va2, the comparator CPa2 compares the voltages Va2 and Va3, and the comparator CPa3 compares the voltages Va3 and GND. The outputs of the comparators CPa1, CPa2, and CPa3 are input to the input sections (IN1, IN2, IN3) of the control IC 9, thereby making it possible to detect whether there has been a change in the output voltage on a cell C basis. In addition, the voltage detection unit 13c has a similar circuit configuration for Vb1 to Vb3 and Vc1 to Vc3, and by inputting these to the input sections (IN4 to IN9) of the control IC 9, it is possible to detect whether there has been a change in the output voltage on a cell C basis.

[0016] <Installation example of open / close detector> FIG. 6 is a front view of the open / close detector installed on the floor surface located directly below the lower end (lower end surface) of the open / close body. An opening 33 serving as an entrance / exit is provided in a fixed part 31 such as a wall, an opening / closing body 35 is pivotally supported in the opening 33 so as to be able to open and close freely, and a floor 37 is provided below the fixed part 31 and the opening 33. In the illustrated example, one side edge (one side end edge) 35a on the left side of the opening / closing body 35 is supported so as to be able to open and close freely by drawing a circular orbit with a hinge (not shown) provided on one side edge 33a of the opening. The upper surface 37a of the floor can also be defined as constituting a part of the fixed portion or a part of the inner periphery of the opening. The rectangular opening 33 has left and right side edges 33a, 33b and upper and lower ends (edges) 33c, 33d. The rectangular opening / closing body 35 has left and right side edges 35a, 35b and upper and lower end portions (edges) 35c, 35d. A gap h is provided between the lower end 35d of the opening / closing body 35 and the floor 37, and the opening / closing detection device 1 is installed on the upper surface 37a of the floor 37 corresponding to the lower part of the opening 33. In other words, the lower end 33d of the opening corresponds to the upper surface 37a of the floor 37. A shadow (shade) is formed on the upper surface 37a of the floor 37 facing the lower end (lower end surface) of the opening / closing body 35 because no light from the surroundings is incident on it, and the shadow of the opening / closing body 35 moves as the opening / closing body 35 is opened and closed, and this shadow blocks the cell C of the photovoltaic cell 3. The fixed part 31 is assumed to be an immovable object such as a wall, a pillar, or a door frame, and the opening / closing body 35 is assumed to be a movable part such as a door. The opening / closing detection device 1 of this embodiment is characterized by its configuration including a photocell 3 that generates electricity from light energy and supplies power to the opening / closing detection device, a voltage detection unit 13 that detects voltage changes inside the photocell, and an opening / closing state discrimination unit 15 that discriminates the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body that opens and closes an opening provided in the fixed part based on the voltage change detected by the voltage detection unit 13. In this example, the opening / closing detector 1 is provided on the upper surface 37a of the floor, but it may be provided on a fixed part or opening other than the floor surface, or it may be provided on the opening / closing body side as in the embodiment described later. Furthermore, the open / close detection device 1 is characterized by a configuration in which, as the open / close body moves, the light-receiving surface parts of the photocell that are exposed to light and the light-receiving surface parts that are not exposed to light and are cast in shadow change, and the voltage inside the photocell changes as each light-receiving surface part changes. The above points also apply to the open / close detection devices according to all of the following embodiments.

[0017] <Output voltage due to the effect of shadow> 7(a) to (c) are schematic diagrams comparing output voltages due to the effect of shadow depending on the position of the opening / closing body, and FIG. 7(d) is a graph showing the value of the output current corresponding to the output voltage at this time. 7(a) to (c) show that, as the state of each cell C provided in the photovoltaic cell 3, when the cell C is white, there is no shadow, and when the cell C is black, there is a shadow. In the example of Figure 7(a), there is no shadow for all cells C. In the example of Figure 7(b), when a shadow K1 is cast on some cells C (small shadow), the voltage Vb1 = 0. In the example of Figure 7(c), when a shadow K2 is cast on some cells C (large shadow), the voltage Va1 = Vb1 = 0. Here, when there is one or more columns of cells C connected in series on the photovoltaic cell 3, the maximum output voltage is the same. However, the maximum value of the output power is smaller. In this case, the voltages Va1 to Vc1 of the columns of cells C that are shaded are affected by the shadow, so in the example of FIG. 7(b) when there is a small shadow, Vb1=0, and in the example of FIG. 7(c) when there is a large shadow, Va1=Vb1=0. Therefore, the open / close state determination unit 15 can determine the position of the open / close body 35 by detecting the voltages Va1 to Vc1. In addition, in Figures 7(a), (b), and (c), the voltages of cells C corresponding to Va1 to Vc3 are shown, but in Figures 8 and subsequent figures, the voltages of cells C Va1 to Vc3 are omitted because they are the same as Figure 7.

[0018] <Positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the photocell> 8(a) to 8(d) are schematic diagrams showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the photocell as the opening / closing body moves in the opening direction. As shown in FIG. 6, the open / close detector 1 is installed on an upper surface 37a of a floor 37 opposite a lower end portion (lower end surface) 35d of the open / close body 35. 8(a) is closed, light is irradiated to both the front and rear areas of the opening / closing body 35, and when the opening / closing body 35 is in the closed state, the cell C of the photovoltaic cell 3 is exposed (exposed to light) in a plan view in both the front and rear directions. Even when the opening / closing body 35 is in the closed state, light is irradiated to the part of the cell C exposed to either the front or rear side, so power can be supplied from the cell C. As shown in FIGS. 8(b) to (d), as the opening / closing body 35 moves in the opening direction, the position of the shadow cast on the cell C (the position of the lower end surface of the opening / closing body) changes. FIG. 8(b) shows the state in which the opening / closing body, which was in a closed state, is slightly opened, and FIG. 8(c) and FIG. 8(d) show the states in which the opening / closing body is opened further and further. In the following explanation, it is assumed that there is sufficient power generation in any state, and that the change in output voltage due to the influence of the output current (current consumption for door open / close detection) can be almost ignored. In the following explanation, the amount of power generation changes depending on the installation direction of the photocell 3 and the positional relationship between the photocell 3 and the light source, but it is assumed that there is sufficient power generation. However, this does not include the case where the amount of light falling on all cells C is zero. As described above, the open / close detector 1 according to the embodiment of Fig. 8 is characterized in that the light receiving surface of the photocell has light receiving surface portions (cells C) that are exposed to light in both the open and closed directions of the open / close body in the closed state. In other words, the light receiving surface of the photocell has light receiving surface portions in both the open direction and closed direction regions of the open / close body in the closed state.

[0019] <Voltage according to each position of the opening and closing body> FIG. 9 is a chart showing voltages Va1 to Vc1 (Va1 to Vc1, Vout) corresponding to each position of the opening / closing body 35 shown in FIGS. 8(a) to (d). When the opening / closing body 35 is moved from the closed state to the open direction, the voltages Va1 to Vc1 change according to the positions of the opening / closing body 35, as shown in FIGS. 8(a) to (d). The open / close detector 1 detects a change in voltage of the photocell 3 in response to each position of the open / close body , thereby making it possible to determine the open / close state of the open / close body . The table shown in FIG. 9 represents a table obtained when the flowchart shown in FIG. 16 is executed.

[0020] <Positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the photocell> 10(a) to (d) are schematic diagrams showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body (lower end surface) and the photocell as the opening / closing body 35 rotates in the opening direction. In Figure 10(a), there is no light on the side (rear) along which the opening / closing body 35 moves, and light is irradiated on the other side (front).When the opening / closing body is closed, part of cell C of the photovoltaic cell 3 is exposed on both the front and rear sides of the opening / closing body 35. 10(b) to (d), as the opening / closing body 35 moves in the opening direction, the area of ​​the shadow of the opening / closing body 35 covering the cell C decreases. Therefore, as the opening / closing body moves from the closed state to the open state, more light falls on the photovoltaic cell 3, and the power supply from the cell C increases.

[0021] <Voltage according to each position of the opening and closing body> FIG. 11 is a chart showing voltages Va1 to Vc1 corresponding to the respective positions of the opening / closing body shown in FIGS. 10(a) to (d). When the opening / closing body 35 is moved from a closed state to an open state, as shown in Figures 10(a) to (d), the voltages Va1 to Vc1 change depending on each position of the opening / closing body 35, and the opening / closing detection device 1 can determine the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 by detecting this voltage change. The table shown in FIG. 11 represents a table obtained when the flowchart shown in FIG. 16 is executed.

[0022] <Positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the photocell> 12(a) to 12(d) are schematic diagrams showing, in plan view, the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the photocell when the opening / closing body moves from a closed state to an open state. 12(b)-(d), the location of the shadow changes depending on the positional relationship between the light source and the opening / closing body 35. 12(b)-(c), as the opening / closing body 35 moves in the opening direction, the area of ​​the shadow of the opening / closing body 35 covering the cell C changes so as to become larger. Therefore, as the opening / closing body 35 moves from the closed state to the open state, less light strikes the photovoltaic cell 3, and the power supply from the cell C decreases. 12(d), when the opening / closing body 35 moves in the opening direction, the area of ​​the shadow of the opening / closing body 35 covering the cell C becomes smaller. As a result, the area of ​​the photovoltaic cell 3 that is exposed to light increases, and the power supply from the cell C starts to increase. Here, since the open / close detection device 1 is provided with a power storage unit 5, even if the power supply from the cell C decreases as shown in Figures 12(b) to (c), it is possible to supply the power stored in the power storage unit 5, so that the open / close detection device 1 can continue to operate stably. The operation of the open / close detection device 1 will be described in detail with reference to the flow chart shown in FIG.

[0023] <Voltage according to each position of the opening and closing body> FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a table of voltages Va1 to Vc1 corresponding to each of the positions (a) to (d) in FIG. When the opening / closing body 35 is moved from a closed state to an open state, the voltages Va1 to Vc1 change according to each of the positions (a) to (d) in Fig. 12. By detecting this voltage change, the opening / closing detection device 1 can determine the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35. In this case, if there is a pattern in which the output voltage becomes zero, as in Figures 13(b) and (c), an opening / closing detection device 1 equipped with a power storage unit 5 can be used to use the power stored in the power storage unit 5 as a power source. The table shown in FIG. 13 represents a table obtained when the flowchart shown in FIG. 16 is executed.

[0024] <Voltage change according to the position of the opening / closing body> 14(i) to (iii) are graphs showing voltage changes corresponding to changes in the position state of the opening / closing body when the opening / closing body is moved from a closed state to an open state in FIGS. 8 to 13. In FIG. In addition, the (a) state shown at the bottom of Figure 14 indicates that the opening / closing body 35 is in a closed state, the (b) state indicates that the opening / closing body 35 is in a slightly open state, the (c) state indicates that the opening / closing body 35 is in a further opened state than the (b) state, and the (d) state indicates that the opening / closing body 35 is in an almost fully open state. Note that the actual voltage change pattern will vary depending on the placement position of the device and the position of the light source, but for the sake of simplicity, in this embodiment, Figures 14(i) to (iii) will be described as examples of voltage change patterns. Also, since it is sufficient to know that voltage changes occur in sequence according to the opening and closing movement of the opening and closing body 35, there is no need for angle information of the opening and closing body 35. In other words, since it is clear that the voltage changes due to the change in the opening angle of the opening and closing body 35, the angle information is treated as unnecessary. Furthermore, even if the opening / closing body 35 is in the closed state, since it has multiple voltage patterns, the opening / closing detection device 1 can determine that the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35 has changed when the voltage changes according to one of the pre-registered voltage patterns (flowchart, Figure 15).

[0025] <Fig.14(i)> FIG. 14(i) shows the states (a) to (d) of the opening / closing body 35 shown in FIG. 8 and the voltage patterns (a) to (d) shown in FIG. 9 as one voltage change graph. In state (a) of FIG. 14(i), the switching element 35 is in a closed state, and the output voltages Va1 and Vc1 are approximately Voc. In states (a) to (b), the switching element 35 is in a slightly open state, and Va1 decreases stepwise from approximately Voc to 0V. The output voltage Vb1 increases stepwise from 0V. In state (c), the switching element 35 is in the process of transitioning to an open state, and Vc1 and Vb1 have reached approximately Voc. Meanwhile, Va1 has increased from 0V to approximately 1 / 3Voc. In states (c) and (d), the opening / closing body 35 is in a fully open state, and Vc1 and Vb1 reach approximately Voc, while Va1 rises to approximately ⅓Voc to approximately Voc.

[0026] <Fig.14(ii)> FIG. 14(ii) shows the states (a) to (d) of the opening / closing body 35 shown in FIG. 10 and the voltage patterns (a) to (d) shown in FIG. 11 as a single voltage change graph. In state (a) of Fig. 14(ii), the switching element 35 is in a closed state, and the output voltage Vc1 is about Voc. From state (a) to state (b), the switching element 35 is in a slightly open state, and Vb1 rises stepwise from 0V to about 2 / 3Voc. From state (b) to state (c), the switching element 35 is in the process of transitioning to an open state, and Vb1 has reached about Voc from about 2 / 3Voc. Meanwhile, Va1 has risen from 0V to about 1 / 3Voc. In states (c) and (d), the opening / closing body 35 is in a fully open state, and Vc1 and Vb1 reach approximately Voc, while Va1 rises to approximately ⅓Voc to approximately Voc.

[0027] <Fig.14(iii)> FIG. 14(iii) shows the states (a) to (d) of the opening / closing body 35 shown in FIG. 12 and the voltage patterns (a) to (d) shown in FIG. 13 as a single voltage change graph. In state (a) of FIG. 14(iii), the opening / closing body 35 is in a closed state, and the output voltage Va1 is about Voc, and Vc1 and Vb1 are 0 V. In states (a) to (b), the opening / closing body 35 is in a slightly open state, and Va1 decreases stepwise from about Voc to 0 V. In states (b) to (c), the opening / closing body 35 is in the process of transitioning to an open state, and Va1, Vc1, and Vb1 are all 0 V. In states (c) to (d), the opening / closing body 35 is in a fully open state, and Va1, Vc1, and Vb1 increase from about 1 / 3 Voc to about Voc. Since the opening / closing body 35 moves from the closed state to the fully open state, it is known in advance that the voltage changes will follow this pattern, and therefore it is possible to reduce false detections when changes occur other than this pattern. For example, when the output voltages Va1, Vb1, and Vc1 become 0 due to entering the shadow of a person or object, if the output voltages become 0 in a manner other than the known pattern shown in Fig. 14, it can be determined that the person or object has entered the shadow. The same is true when illumination light from a light or the like hits the photocell 3 of the open / close detection device 1 and causes the output voltages Va1, Vb1, and Vc1 to reach approximately Voc; if the pattern is other than the ones known in advance, it can be determined that light has hit the photocell 3.

[0028] <Flowchart> FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the operation of the open / close detection device according to one embodiment of the present invention. The flowchart shown in FIG. 15 shows the operation of the open / close state determination unit 15 provided in the open / close detection device 1 shown in FIG. First, when the switch SW1 is pressed by a user, the reset terminal changes from a high state to a low state. At this time, in step S3, if the switch SW1 has transitioned from a high state to a low state, the open / close state determination unit 15 proceeds to step S5. Here, if the switch SW1 is maintained in the high state in step S3, the determination process of step S3 is repeated. Next, in step S5, if the switch SW1 has transitioned from a low state to a high state, the open / close state determination unit 15 proceeds to step S10. Here, if the switch SW1 is maintained in the low state in step S5, the determination process of step S5 is repeated.

[0029] In step S10, the opening / closing state determination unit 15 calls a subroutine flowchart shown in FIG. When the subroutine flowchart shown in FIG. 16 ends, the process returns to step S20 (RETURN). In step S20, the open / close state determination unit 15 detects each voltage input from the voltage detection unit 13 to the input unit 11. In step S30, the opening / closing state determination unit 15 compares the voltage pattern with the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35, outputs the current position state of the opening / closing body 35, and stores the current position state of the opening / closing body 35 in the memory unit 16. Here, in step S30, the opening / closing state determination unit 15 determines the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35 by comparing the voltage pattern read out from the storage unit 16 with the input current voltage pattern.

[0030] In step S40, the opening / closing state determination unit 15 determines whether or not the position state of the opening / closing body 35 has changed. Here, in step S40, the previous position state of the opening / closing body 35 read from the memory unit 16 is compared with the current position state of the opening / closing body 35. If the two are the same, the position state of the opening / closing body 35 has not changed, so the process returns to step S20. On the other hand, if the two are not the same, the position state of the opening / closing body 35 has changed, so the process proceeds to step S50. In step S50, when the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 changes, the opening / closing state determination unit 15 notifies the management system that manages the open / close states of the opening / closing body 35 throughout the facility of the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 via the communication unit 17. Here, in addition to notifying the change in the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35, operations such as notifying the position of the opening / closing body 35 that can be determined from the detected voltage and notifying again if the opening / closing body 35 has been open for a certain period of time or more may be performed.

[0031] According to this embodiment, the device is equipped with a photocell 3 that generates power from light energy such as sunlight and supplies power to the open / close detection device 1, a voltage detection unit 13 that detects voltage changes inside the photocell 3, and an open / close state discrimination unit 15 that discriminates the open / close state of the open / close body 35 from the voltage change detected by the voltage detection unit 13.By using only the photocell 3 to provide both a power supply function and a light detection function and to detect the open / close state of the open / close body 35, the power consumption and cost of the open / close detection device 1 can be reduced, and the reduction in power consumption makes it possible to operate the open / close detection device 1 using a photocell 3 used for indoor lighting. In addition, in the past, in an open / close detection device using an optical sensor, in addition to a power source, a sensor having a light emitting section and a light detecting section is also required as an optical sensor, which causes a problem of increased power consumption and cost for the light emitting section. In addition, there is a problem that the increased power consumption makes it impossible to drive the device with a solar cell for indoor lighting. In contrast, according to this embodiment, the open / close detection of the open / close body 35 is performed by providing a power supply function and a light detecting function by using only the photocell 3, thereby reducing the power consumption and cost of the open / close detection device 1.

[0032] According to this embodiment, the open / close state discrimination unit 15 discriminates the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 based on the voltage pattern of the internal voltages in multiple rows of solar cell C, and can detect whether the opening / closing body 35 is open or closed by providing it with both a power supply function and a light detection function by using only the photocell 3. According to this embodiment, the opening / closing state discrimination unit 15 can detect the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35 by discriminating the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35 based on the voltage pattern read out from the memory unit 16 and the voltage pattern detected by the voltage detection unit 13. According to this embodiment, the open / close state determination unit 15 can communicate the open / close state of the open / close body 35 to other devices by making the open / close state of the open / close body 35 communicable to other devices via the communication unit 17. This enables the other devices to determine the open / close state of the open / close body 35 based on the open / close state of the open / close body 35 received from the open / close detection device 1.

[0033] <Flowchart> FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a subroutine for recording and setting the pattern of voltage changes when the opening / closing body is actually installed and opened / closed. In step S105, the open / close state determination unit 15 sets a variable k used for control to k=1. In step S110, it is declared that an opening / closing pattern will be set for the opening / closing body 35. That is, the user operates the position of the opening / closing body 35 to set the opening / closing position. For example, when k=1, the opening / closing body 35 is operated to set the closed state as shown in (a) of any one of Figs. When k=2, the opening / closing body 35 is operated to set it to the open state as shown in (b) of any one of Figs. When k=3, the opening / closing body 35 is operated to set it to the open state as shown in (c) of any one of Figs. When k=4, the opening / closing body 35 is operated to set it to the open state as shown in (d) of any one of Figs.

[0034] When the switch SW2 is pressed by a user, the set terminal changes from a high state to a low state. At this time, in step S113, if the switch SW2 has transitioned from a high state to a low state, the open / close state determination unit 15 proceeds to step S115. Here, if the switch SW2 is maintained in the high state in step S113, the determination process of step S113 is repeated. Next, in step S115, when switch SW2 transitions from a low state to a high state, the open / close state determination unit 15 proceeds to step S120 after, for example, 5 seconds have elapsed until the user moves away from the vicinity of the open / close body 35 and the user's shadow no longer conceals the photocell 3. Here, in step S115, if switch SW2 is maintained in the low state, the determination process of step S115 is repeated.

[0035] In step S120, the opening / closing state determination unit 15 records in the storage unit 16 the opening / closing voltage pattern of the opening / closing body 35 in the actual operation (opening / closing operation of the opening / closing body 35) in association with the variable k according to the variable k. Here, the pattern of voltage change changes depending on the positional relationship of the open / close detection device 1 and the positional relationship between the light source and the open / close detection device 1. For this reason, in addition to the changes in voltage patterns assumed in advance such as (i) (a) to (d), (ii) (a) to (d), and (iii) (a) to (d) shown in Fig. 14, patterns of voltage change corresponding to the opening and closing patterns of the open / close body 35 when it is actually installed and opened and closed are recorded and set in the storage unit 16 as a table. In addition, it is preferable to set the opening and closing pattern of the opening / closing body 35 by combining a pattern of moving from a closed state to an open state, a pattern of moving from an open state to a closed state, and whether or not a nearby light source is turned on, and to record the voltage pattern for each in the memory unit 16.

[0036] In step S123, the opening / closing state determination unit 15 increments the variable k to calculate k=k+1. In step S125, the open / close state determination unit 15 judges whether or not the variable k is 5. If the variable k has not reached 5, the process returns to step S110. On the other hand, if the variable k has reached 5, the process proceeds to step S130. In step S130, since the voltage change pattern is recorded in the memory unit 16, the opening / closing state determination unit 15 sets (declares) the opening / closing voltage pattern of the opening / closing body 35 recorded in the memory unit 16 as the regular voltage pattern. As a result, in the storage unit 16, for example, a voltage pattern as shown in FIG. 13 is stored in a table in association with the variable k. Incidentally, the storage unit 16 may store a voltage pattern as shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 11 as a table, instead of the voltage pattern as shown in FIG.

[0037] <Positional relationship between opening / closing body and cell> FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the lower end surface (shade) of the opening / closing body and the cells in a configuration example in which the cells C are not arranged on the floor surface 37a directly below the lower end surface of the opening / closing body when the opening / closing body is in the closed state. 17, when the user's usage state is that the opening / closing body 35 is in the closed state for a long period of time, the voltage of Vb1 is 0 for a long period of time. In this case, since the effect of the power supply is small, it is possible to eliminate the cell C located directly below the lower end surface of the opening / closing body 35. By reducing the number of cells, it is possible to simplify the configuration and control and reduce costs. The cell layout patterns in FIGS. 17 to 19 are also applicable to FIGS. 8 to 13, and FIG. 20 and subsequent figures.

[0038] <Positional relationship between opening / closing body and cell> FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the cells in a configuration example in which the series-connected portions of the cells are arranged to overlap the lower end face of the opening / closing body when the opening / closing body is in the closed state. As in the cases of Figs. 8 to 13, the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 can be determined by detecting each voltage. 17, when the user's usage situation is such that the opening / closing body 35 is in a closed state for a long period of time, it is possible to eliminate the cell C located directly below the lower end surface of the opening / closing body 35. In contrast, in FIG. 18, in an environment where the user's usage situation is such that the opening / closing body 35 is closed for a short period of time, by providing the cell C located directly below the lower end surface of the opening / closing body 35, it is possible to store in the power storage unit 5 the power generated by the cell C when the opening / closing body 35 is open.

[0039] <Positional relationship between opening / closing body and cell> FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the cells in a configuration example in which no cells are arranged below the opening / closing body when the opening / closing body is in the closed state, similar to FIG. In terms of user usage, when the opening / closing body 35 is in the closed state for a long period of time, the cells C below the opening / closing body 35 do not generate electricity for a long period of time. In this case, since there is little effect on the power supply, it is possible to configure the cells C not to be placed on the floor surface opposite the lower end surface of the opening / closing body 35. By reducing the number of cells, it is possible to simplify the configuration and control and reduce costs.

[0040] <Positional relationship between opening / closing body and cell> FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the lower end surface of the opening / closing body and the cells in a configuration example in which the opening / closing body is disposed so that its shadow does not cover the cells when it is in the closed state. According to this configuration, when the user's usage conditions dictate that the opening / closing body 35 is in the closed state for a long period of time and that the opening / closing body 35 is exposed to light from the opening direction (rear) when in the closed state for a long period of time, the amount of electricity generated by cell C can be increased.

[0041] <Positional relationship between opening / closing body and cell> FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the cells in a configuration example in which the shadow from the opening / closing body covers one row of cells connected in series when the opening / closing body is in a closed state. In terms of user usage, if the opening / closing body 35 remains closed for a long period of time, the amount of power generated by cell C can be increased by placing more cell C in the direction of the area that is exposed to light for a long period of time when the opening / closing body 35 is closed (the direction in which more power is generated in relation to light intensity and time; in this example, the front).

[0042] The open / close detector 1 according to the embodiment of Fig. 21 is characterized in that the light receiving surface of the photocell has a light receiving surface portion (cell C) that is struck by light in either the open direction side region or the closed direction side region of the open / close body in the closed state. That is, in this example, the light receiving surface portion of the light receiving surface of the photocell that is struck by light is exposed and disposed only on the closed direction side of the open / close body in the closed position. The light receiving surface of the photocell may be exposed in a larger area (wider area) on the closing side of the opening / closing body in the closed position. In other words, the light receiving surface may be on the opening side.

[0043] <Positional relationship between opening / closing body and cell> FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the opening / closing body and the cells in a configuration example in which the shadow of the opening / closing body covers one row of cells connected in series when the opening / closing body is in a closed state. According to this configuration example, when the user's usage pattern is one in which the opening / closing body 35 remains closed for a long period of time, the amount of power generated by cell C can be increased by placing more cell C in the direction in which light is shining for a longer period of time when the opening / closing body 35 is closed (the direction in which more power is generated in relation to the light intensity and time; in this example, the rear). The open / close detector 1 according to the embodiment of Fig. 22 is characterized by a configuration including many light receiving surface portions (cells C) that are struck by light in the area on the open direction side of the open / close body in the closed state. That is, in this example, the light receiving surface portions of the light receiving surfaces of the photocells that are struck by light are exposed and disposed only on the open direction side of the open / close body in the closed position. The light receiving surface of the photocell may be exposed in a larger area (wider area) on the open side of the opening / closing body in the closed position. In other words, the light receiving surface may be on the closed side.

[0044] <Installation example of open / close detector> Figure 23(a) is a front view of the opening / closing detection device installed in a position along the upper end of the opening / closing body, and Figure 23(b) is a front view of the opening / closing detection device installed in a position along one side edge of the opening / closing body. Regardless of whether the open / close detection device 1 is installed on the upper end portion 35c or one side edge 35b of the open / close body 35, the open / close detection device 1 can determine the open / close state of the open / close body 35 by detecting the voltage when the open / close body 35 is closed and light no longer hits the cell C. Also, by installing the open / close detection device 1 on the open / close body 35 in this way, it is possible to prevent a person from tripping over the open / close detection device 1, and further to reduce the influence of a person's shadow on the detection results. In the above embodiment, the photocell is provided on the fixed part side or the opening side, but it may be provided on the opening / closing body side as in the present embodiment. In other words, the photocell may be provided on either the fixed part or the opening / closing body, or on both. In addition, the light receiving surface of the photoelectric cell in this example is disposed in an area on the closing direction side of the opening / closing body in the closed state.

[0045] <Opening and closing the opening and closing body> Figures 24(a) and (b) are schematic diagrams showing the state in which the opening / closing body is opened in an example configuration in which the opening / closing detection device 1 is installed at a position along the upper end 35c of the opening / closing body with the light receiving surface of each cell facing upward. In this example, the upper edge (upper end face) 33c of the opening 33 is located in a position facing the light receiving surface during the process of opening and closing the opening / closing detection device 1, so that the upper edge of the opening conceals one of the cells, creating a light-blocking state. Furthermore, light is irradiated to both the front and rear sides of the opening-closing body 35, and when the opening-closing body 35 is in the closed state, cell C of the photovoltaic cell 3 is exposed only in the area in front of the opening-closing body 35. As shown in Fig. 24(a), even when the opening-closing body 35 is in the closed state, light is irradiated onto cell C, so power can be supplied from cell C. As shown in Fig. 24(b), the position of the shadow cast on cell C changes as the opening-closing body 35 is opened. Since the voltages Va1 to Vc1 change depending on the position of the opening / closing body 35, the opening / closing detection device 1 can determine the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 by detecting this voltage change. In this example, the light receiving surface of the photoelectric cell is disposed in an area on the closing direction side of the opening / closing body in the closed state.

[0046] <Example of an opening / closing detector installed at the top or along the side edge of an opening> FIG. 25(a) is a front view in which the open / close detector is installed above the opening, and FIG. 25(b) is a front view in which the open / close detector is installed on the side edge of the opening. In Fig. 1(a), the plate-shaped open / close detector 1 is installed parallel to the floor at a position along the upper end 33c of the opening 33 of the fixing part, and the photovoltaic cell is in a position where it can be hidden by the upper end (upper end surface) of the opening / closing body. In other words, the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic cell is installed parallel to the floor and facing downward. In Fig. 2(b), the open / close detector is installed at a position along one side edge 33b of the opening, and the photocell cell can be concealed by one side edge 35b of the opening / closing body. In other words, the light receiving surface of the photocell is installed perpendicular to the floor surface and facing sideways (in a position that can face one side edge 35b of the opening / closing body). By opening and closing the opening / closing body 35 and detecting the voltage when the cell C is no longer exposed to light, the opening / closing detection device 1 can determine whether the opening / closing body 35 is open or closed. In this example, the light receiving surface of the photoelectric cell is disposed in an area on the opening side of the opening / closing body in the closed state.

[0047] <Example of configuration with open / close detector installed above the opening> 26(a) and (b) are schematic plan views showing how the opening / closing body is opened and closed in a configuration example in which an opening / closing detector is installed in a position along the upper edge of the opening of the fixed part. The opening / closing detection device 1 is installed (protruding) in a position parallel to the floor surface on the rear side (opening direction side) of the upper edge 33c of the opening of the fixed part 31, and the light receiving surface of the cell C of the photocell 3 faces downward, so that it is in a position that can be concealed by the upper end part 35c of the opening / closing body. As shown in Fig. 2(b), when the opening / closing body 35 is opened, the opening / closing detection device 1 detects a voltage change corresponding to the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35, thereby being able to determine the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35. Also, by installing the opening / closing detection device 1 on the opening / closing body 35 in this way, it is possible to prevent a person from tripping over the opening / closing detection device 1. In this example, the light receiving surface of the photoelectric cell is disposed in an area on the opening side of the opening / closing body in the closed state.

[0048] <Example of arrangement of shadow forming members> Figure 27(a) is a front view showing an example configuration of an open / close detection system in which a shadow forming member 41 (also called a light blocking member) is installed in a position along the upper edge 33c of the opening, and an open / close detection device 1 is installed in a position along the upper edge 35c of the opening / closing body. In each of the above embodiments, the open / close state of the opening / closing body is detected by covering the photocell 3 constituting the opening / closing detection device 1 with a shadow formed by part of the opening / closing body or part of the periphery of the opening, blocking light. In this embodiment, however, the open / close state of the opening / closing body is detected by blocking the light received by the photocell using a separately provided shadow forming member 41. In other words, this open / close detection system is characterized by including an open / close detection device 1 and a shadow forming member 41 that is arranged on at least one of the fixed part or the open / close body and forms a shadow on the light receiving surface of the photocell of the open / close detection device. In (a), the photocell 3 of the plate-shaped opening / closing detection device 1 protrudes horizontally rearward along the upper edge 35c of the opening / closing body with its detection surface facing upward, while the plate-shaped shadow forming member 41 is positioned along the upper end 33c of the opening, shifted in height so as to shade the detection surface of the photocell from above. In this case, when the opening / closing body 35 is in the open state, the shadow forming member 41 can form a portion where light does not strike the cell C. The shadow forming member is made of a plate material that does not transmit light. Since a voltage change can be detected in accordance with the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35, the opening / closing detection device 1 can determine the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35. FIG. 27(b) is a schematic diagram showing an example configuration in which the opening / closing detection device 1 is installed at a position along one side edge 35b of the opening / closing body, and the shadow forming member 41 is installed at a position along one side edge 33b of the opening 33. The plate-shaped open / close detector 1 is fixed in a vertical position in a direction perpendicular to the back surface of the opening / closing body, and the plate-shaped shadow forming member 41 is configured to protrude backward from one side edge 33b of the opening, so that it can face the light receiving surface of the photocell of the open / close detector. In other words, when the opening / closing body is in the closed state, the light receiving surface of the photocell is hidden by the shadow forming member. In this case, when the opening / closing body 35 is opened or closed, the shadow forming member 41 can form a portion where the cell C is not exposed to light. When the opening / closing body 35 is moved to the open state, a voltage change can be detected according to the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35, so the opening / closing detection device 1 can determine the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35. Furthermore, by using the shadow forming member 41, it is possible to make it easier for a shadow to be formed on the photocell even when the opening / closing detection device 1 is installed on an opening / closing body or fixed part where a shadow is unlikely to be formed on the photocell.

[0049] <Example of arrangement of shadow forming members> Figures 28(a) and (b) are schematic diagrams showing the opening and closing of an opening / closing body in an opening / closing detection system configuration in which a shadow forming member 41 is installed at an appropriate position of the opening 33 of the fixed part, in this case along the upper end 33c, and an opening / closing detection device 1 is installed at an appropriate position of the opening / closing body, in this case along the upper end 35c. In this embodiment, the light receiving surface of the cell C of the photovoltaic cell 3 faces upward, and the shadow forming member 41 protruding horizontally rearward from the fixed portion is configured so as to be able to overlap the light receiving surface of the cell. Therefore, when the opening / closing body 35 is opened or closed, the shadow forming member 41 can form a portion where the cell C is not exposed to light. In (a), which shows the closed state of the opening / closing body, the shadow-forming member 41 covers some of the cells, blocking light, and in (b), which shows the state in which the opening / closing body is slightly open, light is irradiated onto the cells that were previously covered by the shadow-forming member. When the opening / closing body 35 is moved to the open state, a voltage change can be detected according to the opening / closing state (opening / closing angle) of the opening / closing body 35, so the opening / closing detection device 1 can determine the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35.

[0050] <Example of arrangement of shadow forming members> Figure 29(a) is a schematic diagram showing an example configuration of an opening / closing detection system in which a shadow forming member 41 is installed at a position along the upper end 35c of the opening / closing body, and an opening / closing detection device 1 is installed at a corresponding position along the upper end 33c of the opening of the fixed part. In this example, the plate-shaped shadow forming member 41 protrudes horizontally rearward from the upper end of the opening / closing body, and the plate-shaped opening / closing detection device 1 protrudes horizontally rearward so that the light receiving surface is shielded by the shadow forming member when the opening / closing body is closed. FIG. 29(b) is a schematic diagram showing an example configuration in which a shadow forming member 41 is installed at a position along one side edge 35b of the opening / closing body, and an opening / closing detection device 1 is installed at a position along one side edge 33b of the opening 33. In this example, the plate-shaped opening / closing detection device 1 protrudes rearward in a vertically placed state from one side edge 33b of the opening, and the plate-shaped shadow forming member 41 protrudes rearward in a vertically placed state so as to block the light receiving surface when the opening / closing body is closed. In Figures 29(a) and (b), the light receiving surface of cell C of the photovoltaic cell 3 is configured to be concealed by the shadow forming member 41, so that in the process of opening and closing the opening / closing body 35, the shadow forming member 41 can form a shaded portion where light does not hit the cell C. When the opening / closing body 35 is moved to the open state, a voltage change can be detected depending on the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35, so the opening / closing detection device 1 can determine the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35.

[0051] <Example of arrangement of shadow forming members> Figures 30(a) and (b) are schematic plan views showing the opening and closing of an opening / closing body in an example configuration of an opening / closing detection system in which a shadow forming member 41 is installed in a position along the upper end 35c of the opening / closing body and an opening / closing detection device 1 is installed in a position along the upper end 33c of the opening of the fixed part. FIG. 30 shows a configuration in which the mounting positions of the shadow forming member and the open / close detector shown in FIG. 27(a) are reversed. The plate-shaped open / close detector 1 shown in Figures 30(a) and (b) is fixed in a horizontal position with the light-receiving surface facing downward on the front side of the fixed part, and the shadow-forming member 41 protrudes horizontally from the front side of the opening / closing body and below the light-receiving surface so as to overlap and conceal part of the light-receiving surface of the photocell when the opening / closing body is closed. Therefore, in the process of opening and closing the opening / closing body 35, the shadow forming member 41 can form a portion of the cell C where light does not strike. When the opening / closing body 35 is moved to the open state, a voltage change can be detected depending on the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35, so the opening / closing detection device 1 can determine the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35.

[0052] <Example of placement of open / close detector applicable to sliding doors> Figures 31(a) and (b) are schematic diagrams from the front showing the opening and closing of a sliding door in an example configuration of an opening and closing detection system in which an opening and closing detection device 1 is installed in a position along the upper end 51a of a sliding door (sliding door) 51 as an opening and closing body, and a shadow forming member 41 is installed in a position along the upper end 33c of the opening 33 of the fixed part 31. 31(a) shows the state in which the sliding door 51 is in a closed state relative to the opening 33 of the fixed part 31, and in this state the shadow forming member covers part of the photoelectric cell C to block light. In other words, the open / close detector 1 has its light receiving surface facing upward, and is configured to be shadingable by the shadow forming member 41 arranged in a position opposite to the light receiving surface. FIG. 31(b) shows the state in which the sliding door 51 has moved from a closed state to an open state relative to the opening 33 of the fixed part 31, and in this state the shadow forming member exposes the entire cell C of the photovoltaic cell. When the sliding door 51 is moved to the open state, a voltage change can be detected according to the open / closed state of the sliding door 51, so that the open / closed detection device 1 can determine the open / closed state of the sliding door. In the opening / closing detection device 1, when the opening / closing body is a sliding door 51 that moves open and closed linearly, the photocell 3 is equipped with a plurality of solar cells C arranged along the opening / closing movement direction, and the opening / closing state of the sliding door 51 is determined based on the voltage pattern of the internal voltages in the plurality of solar cells C arranged along the opening / closing direction, so that the opening / closing state of the sliding door 51 can be detected by providing both a power supply function and a light detection function using only the photocell 3.

[0053] <Example of placement of open / close detector applicable to sliding doors> Figures 32(a) and (b) are schematic diagrams from the front showing the opening and closing of a sliding door 51 in an example configuration of an opening and closing detection system in which an opening and closing detection device 1 is installed in a position along the upper end 51a of the sliding door 51 and a shadow forming member 41 is installed in a position along the upper end 33c of the opening 33 of the fixed part 31. FIG. 32(a) shows the state in which the sliding door 51 is in a closed state relative to the opening 33 of the fixed part 31, and in this state the shadow forming member covers a part of the cell C of the photovoltaic cell to block light. FIG. 32(b) shows a state in which the sliding door 51 has moved from a closed state to an open state relative to the opening 33 of the fixed part 31, and in this state the shadow forming member exposes the entire cell C of the photovoltaic cell. The open / close detector 1 shown in Fig. 31 shows a case where a solar cell C whose width in the open / close direction is sufficiently smaller than the width in the open / close direction of the upper end 33c of the opening 33 is used. In contrast, the open / close detector 1 shown in Fig. 32 requires the configuration of the solar cell C shown in Figs. 33, 34, and 35. That is, the photovoltaic cell 3 includes a plurality of solar cells C (Figs. 33, 34, and 35) arranged along the opening / closing direction of the sliding door 51, with a length substantially equal to the length of the sliding door 51 in the opening / closing direction. When the sliding door 51 is moved to the open state, a voltage change can be detected according to the open / closed state of the sliding door 51, so that the open / closed detection device 1 can determine the open / closed state of the sliding door.

[0054] <Example of the configuration of a photocell in an open / close detector that can be used with a sliding door> FIG. 33 is a top view showing an example in which the number of cells connected in series is increased with respect to the photoelectric cell of the open / close detector shown in FIG. As an arrangement of the cells C in the photovoltaic cell 3 provided in the open / close detection device 1, an example in which the number of serially connected cells C is increased along the opening / closing direction of the sliding door 51 is shown. The open / close detection device shown in FIG. 33 is configured to detect the open / close state of the slide door 51 (sliding door) in FIG. If only the open / closed state of the sliding door 51 is to be detected, a short opening / closing detector 1 as shown in Fig. 31 will suffice, but if the position of the sliding door 51 is to be determined, the opening / closing detector 1 should be changed to one having a length along the opening / closing direction of the sliding door 51 as shown in Fig. 32. In that case, the number of cells C in the opening / closing direction should be increased as shown in Fig. 33. Even if the sliding door 51 is made up of two or more doors, the open / closed state can be detected in a similar manner. Regarding the installation location, if only the open / closed state of the sliding door 51 is to be detected, the open / closed detector 1 may be disposed on the side surface of the sliding door 51. Also, the positional relationship between the shadow forming member 41 and the open / closed detector 1 may be reversed. Here, a sliding door is taken as an example for explanation, but the open / close detection device 1 can also be used in cases where the device is installed as a casement window or a sliding window.

[0055] According to this embodiment, when the opening / closing detection device 1 is a sliding door 51 whose opening / closing body moves linearly to open and close, the photocell 3 is equipped with a plurality of solar cells C arranged along the opening / closing direction, and the opening / closing state of the sliding door 51 is determined based on the voltage pattern of the internal voltages in the plurality of solar cells C arranged along the opening / closing direction, so that the opening / closing detection device 1 can detect the opening / closing state of the sliding door 51 by providing both a power supply function and a light detection function using only the photocell 3.

[0056] <Example of the configuration of a photocell in an open / close detector that can be used with a sliding door> FIG. 34 is a top view showing an example in which the interval between the series-connected cells is increased in the photoelectric cell of the open / close detection device shown in FIG. The number of cells C in the photovoltaic cell 3 of the open / close detector 1 shown in FIG. 1 remains unchanged, but the cells C are arranged with intervals between each other. According to this embodiment, when the opening / closing detection device 1 is a sliding door 51 that opens and closes linearly as an opening / closing body, the photocell 3 is equipped with a plurality of solar cells C arranged along the opening / closing movement direction, and the opening / closing state of the sliding door 51 is determined based on the voltage pattern of the internal voltages in the plurality of solar cells C arranged along the opening / closing direction, so that the opening / closing detection device 1 can detect the opening / closing state of the sliding door 51 by providing both a power supply function and a light detection function using only the photocell 3.

[0057] <Example of the configuration of a photocell in an open / close detector that can be used with a sliding door> FIG. 35 is a top view showing an example in which a photocell is arranged in series with respect to the photocell of the open / close detector shown in FIG. In Fig. 35, the photocells 3 are arranged in series in the horizontal direction of the page, and the photocells 3 are electrically connected in parallel. Note that three or more photocells 3 may be arranged in series in the horizontal direction of the page, in which case the photocells are electrically connected in parallel. According to this embodiment, when the opening / closing detection device 1 is a sliding door 51 that opens and closes linearly, multiple photocells 3 are arranged along the opening / closing direction and the multiple photocells 3 are electrically connected in parallel, so that the opening / closing state of the sliding door 51 can be determined based on the voltage pattern of the internal voltages in the solar cell cells C that are electrically connected in parallel and arranged in multiple directions along the opening / closing direction, and by using only the photocells 3, it is possible to provide both a power supply function and a light detection function and detect the opening / closing of the sliding door 51.

[0058] <Other embodiments> <System Overview> FIG. 36 is a diagram showing the configuration of a management system according to another embodiment of the present invention. The management system 101 includes opening and closing detection devices 1-1, 1-2, . . . 1-n, a communication device 103, a server 105, an alarm device 107, and a fire detector 109. The open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, . . . 1-n are connected to a communication device 103 via a communication unit 17 provided inside the device, wirelessly, for example, by Wi-Fi, LoRa, or the like. The communication device 103 is connected to a server 105 via a communication network N. The open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-n can notify the open / closed states of the open / close bodies 35-1, 35-2, ..., 35-n to a server 105 disposed in a facility or the like via the communication device 103 and the communication network N. Note that LoRa is a type of LPWA (Low Power Wide Area) and is a wireless communication method established by SEMTECH, a US company, and uses chirp spread spectrum for wireless modulation, enabling communication even with weak signals and long-distance communication with low power consumption. In this management system 101, a server 105 receives, stores, and analyzes the open / closed status of opening / closing bodies 35-1, 35-2, .... 35-n from opening / closing detection devices 1-1, 1-2, .... 1-n, making it possible to respond to security needs at the facility and provide services to various users. The alarm device 107 constitutes an alarm means, is connected to the server 105, and generates an alarm sound when any one of the opening / closing bodies 35-1, 35-2, . . . 35-n changes from a closed state to an open state. The fire detector 109 is connected to the server 105. When a fire occurs in the room or hallway in which the fire detector 109 is located, the fire detector 109 detects smoke generated by the fire and issues an alarm by sound or voice to notify the surrounding area of ​​the fire, and also notifies the server 105 of the fire.

[0059] <Server hardware configuration> Fig. 37 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of the server shown in Fig. 36. Here, the hardware configuration of server 105 will be described. As shown in FIG. 37, the server 105 is constructed by a computer, and as shown in FIG. 37, it has a CPU 501, a ROM 502, a RAM 503, an HD 504, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) controller 505, a display 506, an external device connection I / F (Interface) 508, a network I / F 509, a data bus 510, a keyboard 511, a pointing device 512, a DVD-RW (Digital Versatile Disk Rewritable) drive 514, and a media I / F 516. Of these, the CPU 501 controls the overall operation of the server 105. The ROM 502 stores programs such as an IPL used to drive the CPU 501. The RAM 503 is used as a work area for the CPU 501. The HD 504 stores various data such as programs. The HDD controller 505 controls reading and writing of various data from and to the HD 504 under the control of the CPU 501. The display 506 displays various information such as a cursor, a menu, a window, characters, or an image. The external device connection I / F 508 is an interface for connecting various external devices. In this case, the external devices are, for example, a USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory, a printer, an alarm 107, a fire detector 109, and the like. The network I / F 509 is an interface for data communication using the communication network N. The data bus 510 is an address bus, a data bus, or the like for electrically connecting each component such as the CPU 501 shown in FIG. 37. Moreover, the keyboard 511 is a type of input means having a plurality of keys for inputting characters, numbers, various instructions, etc. The pointing device 512 is a type of input means for selecting and executing various instructions, selecting a processing target, moving a cursor, etc. The DVD-RW drive 514 controls reading and writing of various data from a DVD-RW 513 as an example of a removable recording medium. Note that this is not limited to DVD-RW, and may be DVD-R, etc. The media I / F 516 controls reading and writing (storing) of data from a recording medium 515 such as a flash memory.

[0060] <Server functional configuration> FIG. 38 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the server shown in FIG. The server 105 shown in FIG. 38 includes, as functional components of the server, a communication unit, a storage unit, a display information generating unit, a monitoring unit, an operating unit, and an analyzing unit. The communication unit 105a communicates with the open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-n via the communication device 103 connected to the communication network N. The communication unit 105a receives detection results of the open / close state of the open / close body 35 and voltage pattern data from the open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-n, and also transmits setting values ​​to the open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-n. The setting values ​​are, for example, voltage pattern data, a reset signal, or a set signal. The communication unit 105a receives a voltage pattern corresponding to the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 from the opening / closing detection device 1-1 and transmits this voltage pattern to the other opening / closing detection device 1-2, and the opening / closing detection device 1-2 includes a storage unit 16 that stores the received voltage pattern. Note that when the communication unit 105a receives a voltage pattern corresponding to the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 from the opening / closing detection device 1-1, the communication unit 105a may be configured to store the voltage pattern in the storage unit 105b, and the communication unit 105a may transmit the voltage pattern read out from the storage unit 105b to the other opening / closing detection device 1-2, and the opening / closing detection device 1-2 may store the received voltage pattern in the storage unit 16. The open / close detection device 1 can communicate the open / close state of the open / close body 35 via the communication unit 17 to a communication unit 105a of a server 105, which is another device.

[0061] The storage unit 105b stores the detection results and voltage patterns received from the open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-n, and also stores serial numbers (installation numbers) unique to the open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-n. The storage unit 105b stores the detection results and voltage patterns received from the open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-n in association with the serial numbers unique to the open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-n. The display information generation unit 105c generates information to be displayed on a display provided on the server 105, or information that can be processed into a web page or the like and displayed on a browser, etc., so that the information can be viewed on another information processing device (PC) connected to the server 105.

[0062] The monitoring unit 105d monitors the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 based on the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 received from one or more open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, .... 1-n. When the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 changes, the monitoring unit 105d determines that an abnormal state has occurred in the opening / closing body 35. The operation unit 105e activates (issues an alarm) an alarm device 107 (alarm means) based on the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 received from one or more opening / closing detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ... 1-n. The operation unit 105e generates an alarm signal that activates the alarm device 107 installed in the facility, and controls the alarm device 107 to be activated. The analysis unit 105f performs various data analyses on the information on the open / close state of an opening / closing body (for example, a door) stored in the storage unit 105b. In addition, the information processing terminal (PC) connected to the server 105 may be equipped with an analysis unit. In this case, the information processing terminal (PC) is connected to the server 105 via the communication network N, and information on the open / close state of an opening / closing object (e.g., a door / door) stored in the memory unit 105b of the server 105 is read out and transmitted to the information processing terminal (PC) via the communication unit 105a, and the analysis unit of the information processing terminal (PC) performs various data analyses from the information on the open / close state of the opening / closing object (e.g., a door / door). At this time, each open / close detection device transmits information on the open / close state of the open / close body (e.g., door), its serial number (installation number), and current time (date, time, minute, second) information acquired from the timer to server 105. Server 105 associates the information on the open / close state of the open / close body received from each open / close detection device, the serial number (installation number) of the open / close detection device, and the current time (date, time, minute, second) information in storage unit 105b.

[0063] <Operation of the management system> (1) Data collection For example, the open / close detection device 1-n adds the serial number (#n) of the device to the detection result of the open / close state of the open / close body 35 and data of the voltage pattern, and transmits them from the communication unit 17 to the server 105. At this time, the open / close detection device 1-n transmits the detection result of the open / close state of the open / close body 35-n, the voltage pattern data, and the serial number (#n) via the communication device 103 and the communication network N through the communication unit 105a. The communication unit 105a associates the detection result of the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35-n received from the communication unit 17 of the opening / closing detection device 1-n, the voltage pattern data, the serial number (#n), and the current time (date, time, minute, second) information, and stores them in the memory unit 105b. As the open / close detection devices 1-1 to 1-n repeat the same operation, the memory unit 105b can associate and store the detection results, voltage patterns, serial numbers, and current time (date, time, minutes, seconds) information of each of the open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, .... 1-n in the memory unit 105b, thereby enabling data collection.

[0064] (2) Standardization of voltage patterns In the management system 101, the communication unit 105a of the server 105 receives a voltage pattern corresponding to the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 from the communication unit 17 of the opening / closing detection device 1-1 and transmits the voltage pattern to another opening / closing detection device 1-2. The opening / closing detection device 1-2 is configured to have a memory unit 16 that stores the voltage pattern received via the communication unit 17, so that a common voltage pattern can be used for multiple opening / closing detection devices. The communication unit 105a of the server 105 receives a voltage pattern corresponding to the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 from the communication unit 17 of the opening / closing detection device 1-1 and transmits the voltage pattern to the other opening / closing detection device 1-2, and the other opening / closing detection device 1-2 stores the voltage pattern received via the communication unit 17 in the memory unit 16, thereby allowing the voltage pattern of the opening / closing detection device 1-1 to be stored in the opening / closing detection device 1-2, and the opening / closing detection device 1-1 and the opening / closing detection device 1-2 can determine the open / close state of the opening / closing body using the same voltage pattern. A common voltage pattern can be used for a plurality of opening / closing detection devices, reducing the effort required for setting a voltage pattern for each opening / closing detection device.

[0065] (3) Condition monitoring The monitoring unit 105d monitors the open / close states of the opening / closing bodies 35-1 to 35-n based on the open / close states of the opening / closing body 35 received from one or more opening / closing detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ...., 1-n. For example, when any one of the open / close states of the opening / closing bodies 35-1 to 35-n changes from a closed state to an open state, the monitoring unit 105d determines that an abnormal state has occurred in the opening / closing body, and outputs an alarm signal to the operating unit 105e. When the activation unit 105e receives an alarm signal from the monitoring unit 105d, it activates (activates) an alarm device 107 (alarm means) to generate an alarm sound in the surrounding area.

[0066] (4) Data analysis The analysis unit 105f performs various data analyses based on the information on the open / close state of an opening / closing body (e.g., a door / door), the serial number, and the time (date, time, minute, second) information stored in the storage unit 105b. For example, the analysis unit 105f analyzes the frequency of use of a guest room or a conference room from the information on the open / close state of an opening / closing body for each serial number based on the information on the open / close state of an opening / closing body installed in a hotel guest room or an office conference room, the serial number, and the time (date, time, minute, second) information. For example, for each serial number, the number of times an opening / closing body transitions from a closed state to an open state and then returns to a closed state during a predetermined period between a start time and an end time based on the time (date, time, minute, second) information can be counted, and the flow of people within the facility can be analyzed.

[0067] (5) Information display The display information generation unit 105c generates information to be displayed on a display provided on the server 105, or information that can be processed into a web page or the like and displayed on a browser, etc., so that the information can be viewed on another information processing device (PC) connected to the server 105.

[0068] <System application examples> <Application example 1> When the open / close detection device 1 is installed at the entrances of rooms (such as employee rooms, conference rooms, and guest rooms) in an office or hotel, the monitoring unit 105d can monitor whether the doors of the rooms have been left open or not.

[0069] <Application example 2> When the opening / closing detection device 1 is installed at an entrance / exit from outside a facility such as an office, warehouse, or factory, it can automatically detect the intrusion of a suspicious person from outside when no employees are present, and the operating unit 105e can activate an alarm 107 installed in the facility to sound an alarm.

[0070] <Application example 3> As an example of utilizing the opening / closing information data from one or more opening / closing detection devices installed in a facility, the analysis unit 105f may use the data in combination with other data to analyze, for example, the frequency of use of hotel guest rooms or office conference rooms, or the flow of people within the facility.

[0071] <Application Example 4> The analysis unit 105f may create an evacuation route in the event of a fire in combination with detection information from a fire detector 109 installed in the facility. For example, it is possible to create a route to evacuate to the outside through a room with an open door, without passing through the room where the fire has occurred, by using information on the room where the fire was detected by the fire detector 109 and information on the open / closed state of the doors of each room in the facility by the open / close detection device 1. The created information may be displayed on the display 506 of the server 105 by the display information generation unit 105c, or may be displayed on a display panel (display device) installed in the facility.

[0072] <Application example 5> In the above description of step S120, the opening / closing body is actually opened and closed, and the voltage pattern in each state is recorded in the memory unit 16. In contrast to this, another embodiment is an example of a case in which the voltage patterns for each state are set collectively from the server 105. For example, when the open / close detectors 1 are installed at the entrances of multiple rooms on the same floor, such as hotel guest rooms, the open / close detector 1 installed at the door of at least one of the rooms records the voltage pattern for each open / close state as explained in step S120 above, and transmits the voltage pattern to the server 105 via the communication unit 105a. The server 105 then transmits the voltage pattern to the open / close detectors 1 installed in other rooms on the same floor, and the open / close detectors 1 record and set the voltage pattern as a table in the storage unit 16, allowing a single setting to be made for multiple open / close detectors.

[0073] <Modification> In the present embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the reset and set operations of the control IC 9 are performed using the switches SW1 and SW2, but the present invention is not limited to providing such switches SW1 and SW2. That is, as a modified example of the other embodiment, an information processing device (personal computer) is connected as another device to the communication device 103 shown in Fig. 36. The hardware configuration of the information processing device (personal computer) is the same as the hardware configuration of the server 105 shown in Fig. 37. In detail, the open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-n are configured to communicate with other devices (information processing devices (personal computers)) provided in the management system 101, etc. Here, the open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-n are configured to transmit reset signals and set signals from the other devices (information processing devices (personal computers)) to the communication units 17 provided in the open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-n. In this case, in the flowcharts shown in Figures 15 and 16, the reset signal received by communication unit 17 can be input to the reset terminal of control IC 9 in steps S3 and S5, and the set signal received by communication unit 17 can be input to the set terminal of control IC 9 in steps S113 and S115, and the user can be further configured to operate another device (information processing device (personal computer)) to transmit the reset signal and set signal from the other device to communication unit 17. With this configuration, it is possible to perform control according to the flowchart using a reset signal and a set signal received from another device, and it is possible to drive the open / close detection device 1. The open / close state determination unit 15 provided in the open / close detection devices 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-n can communicate the open / close state of the open / close body 35 to other devices (information processing device (personal computer)) via the communication unit 17. This enables the other devices to determine the open / close state of the open / close body 35 based on the open / close state of the open / close body 35 received from the open / close detection device 1.

[0074] <Summary of the functions and effects of the embodiment> <First aspect> The opening / closing detection device 1 of this embodiment is characterized by comprising a photocell 3 that generates electricity using light energy and supplies power to the opening / closing detection device 1, a voltage detection unit 13 that detects voltage changes inside the photocell 3, and an opening / closing state discrimination unit 15 that discriminates the opening / closing state of an opening / closing body 35 that opens and closes an opening 33 provided in a fixed part 31 based on the voltage change detected by the voltage detection unit 13. According to this embodiment, the open / close detection device 1 is provided with a photocell 3 that generates electricity from light energy and supplies power to the open / close detection device 1, a voltage detection unit 13 that detects voltage changes inside the photocell 3, and an open / close state discrimination unit 15 that discriminates the open / close state of the open / close body 35 that opens and closes the opening 33 provided in the fixed part 31 based on the voltage change detected by the voltage detection unit 13, thereby making it possible to reduce the power consumption and cost of the open / close detection device 1.

[0075] <Second aspect> The open / close detection device 1 of this embodiment is characterized in that as the open / close body 35 moves, the light receiving surface parts of the photocell 3 that are exposed to light and the light receiving surface parts that are not exposed to light and are cast in shadow change, and the voltage inside the photocell 3 changes as each light receiving surface part changes. According to this embodiment, the voltage detection unit 13 can detect the voltage change inside the photocell 3, and the open / closed state determination unit 15 can determine the open / closed state of the open / close body 35.

[0076] <Third aspect> In the open / close detection device 1 of this embodiment, the light receiving surface of the photocell 3 is characterized in that it has light receiving surface portions that are illuminated by light in the opening direction side area and the closing direction side area of ​​the open / close body 35 in the closed state. According to this embodiment, power can be supplied from the photocell 3 to the open / close detection device 1, and the power supplied from the photocell 3 can be consumed by the open / close detection device 1.

[0077] <Fourth aspect> In the open / close detector 1 of this embodiment, the light receiving surface of the photocell 3 is characterized by having a light receiving surface portion that is illuminated by light in either the open direction or the closed direction of the open / close body 35 in the closed state. According to this embodiment, the amount of electricity generated by cell C can be increased by arranging more cell C in the direction of the area that is exposed to light for a longer period of time when the opening / closing body 35 is in the closed state (the direction in which the amount of electricity generated is greater in relation to the light intensity and time). The photocell 3 can generate electricity by the light energy that strikes the light-receiving surface portion, and power can be supplied from the photocell 3 to the open / close detector 1, and the open / close detector 1 can consume the power supplied from the photocell 3.

[0078] <Fifth aspect> The open / close detection device 1 of this embodiment is characterized in that the photocell is installed on the fixed part or the open / close body. The opening / closing detection device 1 can achieve its intended purpose by being installed on either a fixed part including a floor surface or an opening / closing body which is a movable member.

[0079] <Sixth aspect> The photovoltaic cell 3 of this embodiment has multiple rows of solar cells C connected in parallel, and the open / close state discrimination unit 15 is characterized in that it discriminates the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 based on the voltage pattern of the internal voltages in the multiple rows of solar cells C. According to this embodiment, the open / close state discrimination unit 15 discriminates the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 based on the voltage pattern of the internal voltages in multiple rows of solar cell C, and can detect whether the opening / closing body 35 is open or closed by providing it with both a power supply function and a light detection function by using only the photocell 3.

[0080] <Seventh aspect> The opening / closing detection device 1 of this embodiment is characterized in that it is equipped with a memory unit 16 that pre-stores a voltage pattern corresponding to the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35, and the opening / closing state discrimination unit 15 discriminates the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35 based on the voltage pattern read from the memory unit 16 and the voltage pattern detected by the voltage detection unit 13. According to this embodiment, the opening / closing state discrimination unit 15 can detect the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35 by discriminating the opening / closing state of the opening / closing body 35 based on the voltage pattern read out from the memory unit 16 and the voltage pattern detected by the voltage detection unit 13.

[0081] <Eighth aspect> The opening / closing detection device 1 of this embodiment is characterized in that when the opening / closing body is a sliding door 51 that moves linearly to open and close, the photovoltaic cell 3 includes a plurality of solar cells C arranged along the opening / closing movement direction. According to this embodiment, when the opening / closing body is a sliding door 51 that moves open and closed linearly, the opening / closing detection device 1 is provided with a photocell 3 having a plurality of solar cells C arranged along the opening / closing movement direction, and the opening / closing state of the sliding door 51 is determined based on the voltage pattern of the internal voltages in the plurality of solar cells C arranged along the opening / closing direction, so that the opening / closing state of the sliding door 51 can be detected by providing both a power supply function and a light detection function using only the photocell 3.

[0082] <Ninth aspect> The opening / closing detection device 1 of this embodiment is characterized in that when the opening / closing body is a sliding door 51 that moves open and closed linearly, multiple photocells 3 are arranged along the opening / closing direction, and the multiple photocells 3 are electrically connected in parallel. According to this embodiment, when the opening / closing body is a sliding door 51 that moves open and closed linearly, the opening / closing detection device 1 has multiple photocells 3 arranged along the opening / closing direction and the multiple photocells 3 electrically connected in parallel, so that the opening / closing state of the sliding door 51 can be determined based on the voltage pattern of the internal voltages in the solar cell cells C arranged in multiple rows along the opening / closing direction, and by using only the photocells 3, it is possible to provide both a power supply function and a light detection function and detect the opening / closing of the sliding door 51.

[0083] <Tenth aspect> The opening / closing detection device 1 of this embodiment is equipped with a storage unit 5 that stores the electricity generated by the photovoltaic cell 3, and the opening / closing state discrimination unit 15 is characterized in that it operates using the electricity supplied from the storage unit 5 when the electricity generated by the photovoltaic cell 3 is insufficient. According to this embodiment, when the power generated by the photovoltaic cell 3 is insufficient, the open / close state discrimination unit 15 operates using power supplied from the power storage unit 5, and can therefore operate even when the entire photovoltaic cell 3 is temporarily covered by a shadow.

[0084] <Eleventh aspect> The open / close detection device 1 of this embodiment is characterized by including a communication unit 17, and an open / close state determination unit 15 that enables the open / close state of the open / close body 35 to be communicated to other devices via the communication unit 17. According to this aspect, the open / close state determination unit 15 provided in the open / close detection device 1 can communicate the open / close state of the open / close body 35 to other devices via the communication unit 17, thereby enabling the other devices to communicate the open / close state of the open / close body 35 to other devices. This enables the other devices to determine the open / close state of the open / close body 35 based on the open / close state of the open / close body 35 received from the open / close detection device 1.

[0085] <Twelfth aspect> The opening / closing detection system of this embodiment is characterized by including the opening / closing detection device 1 described in the first embodiment, and a shadow forming member 41 that is arranged on at least one of the fixed part 31 or the opening / closing body 35 and forms a shadow on the light receiving surface of the photocell 3 of the opening / closing detection device 1. According to this embodiment, by using a dedicated shadow forming member 41 instead of an opening / closing body as a means for forming a shadow on the light receiving surface of a photocell, a shadow can be reliably formed on the photocell even when the opening / closing detection device 1 is installed on an opening / closing body or fixed part that is less likely to form a shadow on the photocell.

[0086] <Thirteenth aspect> The management system 101 of this embodiment is characterized by including the open / close detection device 1 of the eleventh embodiment, and a server 105 having a communication unit 105a that communicates with the open / close detection device 1. According to this aspect, the open / close detection device 1 can communicate the open / close state of the open / close body 35 via the communication unit 17 to the communication unit 105a of the server 105, which is another device.

[0087] <14th aspect> In the management system 101 of this embodiment, the communication unit 105a of the server 105 receives a voltage pattern corresponding to the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 from the opening / closing detection device 1-1 and transmits the voltage pattern to another opening / closing detection device 1-2, and the opening / closing detection device 1-2 is characterized in that it is equipped with a memory unit 16 that stores the received voltage pattern. According to the present embodiment, a voltage pattern corresponding to the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 is received from the opening / closing detection device 1-1 and transmitted to the other opening / closing detection device 1-2. The other opening / closing detection device 1-2 stores the received voltage pattern in the memory unit 16, thereby allowing the voltage pattern of the opening / closing detection device 1-1 to be stored in the opening / closing detection device 1-2. The opening / closing detection device 1-1 and the opening / closing detection device 1-2 can determine the open / closed state of the opening / closing body using the same voltage pattern.

[0088] <Fifteenth aspect> In the management system 101 of this embodiment, the server 105 is characterized by having a memory unit 105b that stores the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 received from one or more opening / closing detection devices 1, and an analysis unit 105f that performs analysis using information related to the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 stored in the memory unit 105b. According to this embodiment, the server 105 stores the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 received from one or more opening / closing detection devices 1 in the memory unit 105b, and the analysis unit 105f can perform analysis using information related to the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 stored in the memory unit 105b.

[0089] <16th aspect> In the management system 101 of this embodiment, the server 105 is equipped with a monitoring unit 105d that monitors the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 based on the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 received from one or more opening / closing detection devices 1, and the monitoring unit 105d is characterized in that when the open / closed state of the opening / closing body 35 changes, it determines that an abnormal condition has occurred in the opening / closing body 35. According to this embodiment, in the server 105, the monitoring unit 105d monitors the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 based on the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 received from one or more open / close detection devices 1, and the monitoring unit 105d can determine that an abnormal state has occurred in the opening / closing body 35 when the open / close state of the opening / closing body 35 changes.

[0090] <17th aspect> In the management system 101 of this embodiment, the server 105 is provided with an activation unit 105e that activates an alarm device 107 that issues an alarm, and when the monitoring unit 105d determines that an abnormal condition has occurred in the opening / closing body 35, it activates the alarm device 107 via the activation unit 105e. According to this embodiment, in the server 105, when the monitoring unit 105d determines that an abnormal state has occurred in the opening / closing body 35, the monitoring unit 105d can activate the alarm 107 via the activation unit 105e to issue a report. [Explanation of symbols]

[0091] SW1...switch, SW2...switch, C...solar cell, 1...open / close detection device, 3...photocell, 5...power storage unit, 7...power supply IC, 9...control IC, 11...input unit, 13...voltage detection unit, 13a...voltage detection unit, 13b...voltage detection unit, 13c...voltage detection unit, 15...open / close state determination unit, 16...storage unit, 17...communication unit, 19...DC converter, 21...DC converter, 31...fixing unit, 33...opening, 33a, 33b...one side edge (one side edge), 33c...upper edge, 3 3d...lower edge, 35...opening / closing body, 35a, 35b...one side edge, 35c...upper end (upper edge), 35d...lower end (lower edge), 37...floor surface, 41...shadow forming member, 51...sliding door, 51a...upper end, 101...management system, 103...communication device, 105...server, 105a...communication unit, 105b...storage unit, 105c...display information generation unit, 105d...monitoring unit, 105e...operation unit, 105f...analysis unit, 105d...monitoring unit, 107...alarm, 109...fire detector [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0092] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2011-127401 [Patent Document 2] Patent Publication No. 2019-206795

Claims

1. An open / close detection device, a photocell that generates power from light energy and supplies power to the open / close detector; A voltage detection unit that detects a voltage change inside the photovoltaic cell; and an open / close state discrimination unit that discriminates the open / close state of an opening / closing body that opens and closes an opening provided in a fixed part based on a voltage change detected by the voltage detection unit.

2. The opening and closing detection device described in claim 1, characterized in that as the opening and closing body moves, the light receiving surface parts of the photocell that are exposed to light and the light receiving surface parts that are not exposed to light and are shaded change, and the voltage inside the photocell changes as the light receiving surface parts change.

3. The opening / closing detection device according to claim 1, wherein the light receiving surface of the photocell has light receiving surface portions that are illuminated by light in an opening direction side area and a closing direction side area of ​​the opening / closing body when in the closed state.

4. The opening and closing detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the light receiving surface of the photocell has a light receiving surface portion that is exposed to light in either the opening direction side area or the closing direction side area of ​​the opening and closing body in the closed state.

5. The opening / closing detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the photocell is disposed on the fixed portion or the opening / closing body.

6. The photovoltaic cell comprises multiple strings of battery cells connected in parallel; The open / close detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the open / close state determination unit determines the open / close state of the open / close body based on a voltage pattern of internal voltages in the plurality of rows of battery cells.

7. A storage unit is provided for storing in advance a voltage pattern corresponding to an open / close state of the opening / closing body, The open / close detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the open / close state determination unit determines the open / close state of the open / close body based on the voltage pattern read from the memory unit and the voltage pattern detected by the voltage detection unit.

8. 2. The opening / closing detection device according to claim 1, wherein when the opening / closing body is a sliding door that moves linearly to open and close, the photovoltaic cell has a plurality of battery cells arranged along the opening / closing movement direction.

9. The opening and closing detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the opening and closing body is a sliding door that moves linearly to open and close, the photocells are arranged in a plurality of rows along the direction of opening and closing movement, and the plurality of photocells are electrically connected in parallel.

10. a power storage unit that stores the power generated by the photovoltaic cell, The opening / closing detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the opening / closing state discrimination unit operates using power supplied from the storage unit when the power generated by the photovoltaic cell is insufficient.

11. Equipped with a communication unit, The open / close detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the open / close state determination unit is capable of communicating the open / close state of the open / close body to another device via the communication unit.

12. The open / close detection device according to claim 1 , an opening / closing detection system comprising: a shadow forming member disposed on at least one of the fixed portion or the opening / closing body, and which forms a shadow on a light receiving surface of a photocell of the opening / closing detection device.

13. The open / close detection device according to claim 11 ; a server having a communication unit that communicates with the open / close detection device.

14. a communication unit of the server receiving a voltage pattern corresponding to an open / close state of the opening / closing body from the opening / closing detection device and transmitting the voltage pattern to another opening / closing detection device; The management system according to claim 13 , wherein the other open / close detection device includes a storage unit that stores the received voltage pattern.

15. The server includes a storage unit that stores the open / close state of the opening / closing body received from one or more of the opening / closing detection devices; The management system according to claim 13, further comprising: an analysis unit that performs analysis using information related to the open / close state of the opening / closing body stored in the memory unit.

16. The management system described in claim 13, characterized in that the server is equipped with a monitoring unit that monitors the open / closed state of the opening / closing body based on the open / closed state of the opening / closing body received from one or more of the opening / closing detection devices, and the monitoring unit determines that an abnormal condition has occurred in the opening / closing body when the open / closed state of the opening / closing body changes.

17. The server, An operating unit that operates an alarm means for issuing an alarm, 17. The management system according to claim 16, wherein the monitoring unit activates the alarm means via the activation unit when it determines that an abnormal state has occurred in the opening / closing body.

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