Container securing device

Abstract

To secure a container for desorption vehicle by engaging with an engaging member provided on the bottom of the container for desorption vehicle regardless of the trajectory in the time of loading of the container for desorption vehicle.SOLUTION: A container securing device for securing a container having an engaging member on the bottom includes: a support which is attached to a base on which the container is loaded; a rod which is slidably supported on the support in the loading direction; a lock member which is supported by the rod via a rotational shaft and engages and disengages with / from the engaging member; a cylinder which slides the rod; and a guide which contacts the lock member that slides together with the rod and rotates the lock member. The container securing device is configured so that, through the combination of the translational movement following the slide of the rod and the rotation operation around the rotational shaft, the lock member rises while moving translationally toward the engaging member and engages with the engaging member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 15

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a container fastening device for fastening a container. [Background technology]

[0002] A container designed to be loaded on a container detachable vehicle as described in Patent Document 1 etc. (hereinafter referred to as a container for a detachable vehicle) generally has a cylindrical, pin or hook-shaped engaging member at its bottom. The engaging member at the bottom of the container for a detachable vehicle engages with a jump prevention piece provided on the container detachable vehicle, thereby fastening the container for a detachable vehicle.

[0003] Furthermore, the container detachment vehicle can be used not only for loading and unloading the container for the detachment vehicle on the ground, but also for loading and unloading the container for the trailer as described in Patent Document 2. Containers to be loaded onto trailers (hereinafter referred to as trailer containers) are generally designed specifically for trailers, and have holes on the rear end surface instead of the engagement members normally provided on the container for the detachment vehicle, and a jump prevention piece provided on the end of the trailer is inserted into this hole to restrain the movement of the trailer container in all directions. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2012-206690 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2011-5967 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The engagement member provided at the bottom of the container for the detachable vehicle is engaged with and disengaged from the anti-jumping piece of the container detachable vehicle by utilizing the translational movement of the container for the detachable vehicle back and forth on the container detachable vehicle when the container for the detachable vehicle is loaded and unloaded (for example, Patent Document 1, FIG. 9(a)). Therefore, the anti-jumping piece of the container detachable vehicle can be a non-movable member.

[0006] Here, when considering loading and unloading the detachable vehicle container onto a trailer, the trailer's anti-jumping piece is arranged to engage with the hole on the rear end surface of the trailer container as described above, so the anti-jumping piece that engages with the trailer container cannot be disengaged from the engaging member on the bottom of the detachable vehicle container. Therefore, like the container detachable vehicle, it is necessary to provide the trailer with an anti-jumping piece that can be engaged and disengaged with the engaging member provided on the bottom of the detachable vehicle container.

[0007] However, unlike the final movement of the container for the detachable vehicle when it is loaded onto the container detachable vehicle, which is forward translation, the final movement of the container for the detachable vehicle when it is transferred from the container detachable vehicle to the trailer is to land on the trailer (for example, Patent Document 2, Fig. 11(b) and Fig. 11(c)). When landing on the trailer, the container for the detachable vehicle moves backward while descending by the rotation of the arm of the container detachable vehicle. If the shape of the jump prevention piece is designed to use this arc-shaped trajectory of the container for the detachable vehicle to engage with the engaging member, the jump prevention piece must be made thin and short to allow the arc-shaped trajectory. In this case, a larger than necessary gap is generated between the engaging member and the jump prevention piece when they are engaged, and there is a possibility that the securing device will not function sufficiently.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a container fastening device that can engage with an engaging member provided on the bottom of a container for a detachable vehicle and secure the container for a detachable vehicle, regardless of the trajectory of the container when it is loaded. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a container fastening device for fastening a container having an engaging member at its bottom, the container fastening device comprising: a support attached to a base on which the container is loaded; a rod supported on the support so as to be slidable in the loading direction; a locking member supported on the rod via a rotation shaft and adapted to engage with and disengage from the engaging member; a cylinder for sliding the rod; and a guide for abutting against the locking member sliding together with the rod and rotating the locking member, the container fastening device being configured such that the locking member stands up while translating toward the engaging member and engages with the engaging member due to a combination of a translational movement accompanying the sliding of the rod and a rotational movement about the rotation shaft. Effect of the Invention

[0010] According to the present invention, the detachable vehicle container can be secured by engaging with the engaging member provided at the bottom of the detachable vehicle container, regardless of the track at the time of loading the detachable vehicle container. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention is brought close to a container loading / unloading vehicle. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view of a container for a container loading / unloading vehicle to be fastened by a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a side view of a container for a container loading / unloading vehicle to be fastened by a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a rear view of a container for a container loading / unloading vehicle that is fastened by a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a left side view of a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a rear view of a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a deck of a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a drawbar of a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a left side view of a drawbar of a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a container lock provided on a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a front view of a container lock provided on a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] Cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 11 [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a container is transferred from a container loading / unloading vehicle to a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 17] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a container is transferred from a container loading / unloading vehicle to a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a container is transferred from a container loading / unloading vehicle to a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 19] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a container is transferred from a container loading / unloading vehicle to a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 20] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a container is transferred from a container loading / unloading vehicle to a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 21] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a container is transferred from a container loading / unloading vehicle to a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0013] -Container removal vehicle- Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a trailer equipped with a container fastening device according to one embodiment of the present invention is brought close to a container loading / unloading vehicle. In the following description of the embodiment, the left and right in Fig. 1 correspond to the front and rear of the trailer, the container loading / unloading vehicle, and the container, respectively. Note that in this embodiment, an example will be described in which the container loading / unloading vehicle is used as a cargo vehicle (tractor) that pulls the trailer.

[0014] 1, when approaching the rear of a container loader / unloader vehicle V, a container C is transferred from the container loader / unloader vehicle V by a container handling device Vh mounted on the container loader / unloader vehicle V, and the loaded container C is transferred to the container loader / unloader vehicle V. The trailer 1 is coupled to a cargo vehicle and towed. The container loader / unloader vehicle V is an example of a cargo vehicle.

[0015] The container loading / unloading vehicle V is equipped with a vehicle frame Vf, a subframe Vs, a container handling device Vh, and guide rollers Vr. The vehicle frame Vf carries and supports the subframe Vs. The subframe Vs supports the container handling device Vh. The container handling device Vh loads and unloads containers C by sliding an L-shaped arm Va back and forth and pivoting it back and forth. A pair of guide rollers Vr, one on the left and one on the right, are provided at the rear end of the subframe Vs and guide the main girder Cg of the container C being loaded and unloaded onto the container loading / unloading vehicle V.

[0016] -container- FIG. 2 is a plan view of a container for a container loading / unloading vehicle to be fastened by a container fastening device according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a left side view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a rear view thereof.

[0017] The container C loaded on the container loading / unloading vehicle V or the trailer 1 is a box-shaped container with an open top, and the rear side is composed of a rear gate Cw. The rear gate Cw is a downward-opening type, and the lower part rotates via a hinge at the top to open and close the rear opening of the container C. A pair of left and right main girders Cg extending in the front-rear direction are provided at the bottom of the container C and protrude downward. The left and right main girders Cg are rod-shaped members with vertically long rectangular cross sections, and extend in the front-rear direction parallel to each other. The main girders Cg extend over the entire length of the container C. These main girders Cg are reinforcing materials for the container C, and are supported by the guide rollers Vr of the container loading / unloading vehicle V and the support rollers 8 of the trailer 1. Therefore, the left and right distance between the left and right main girders Cg is set to match the left and right distance between the guide rollers Vr and the support rollers 8.

[0018] The container C is a container for a container mounting / dismounting vehicle designed to be loaded onto a container mounting / dismounting vehicle V, and the bottom of the container C is provided with left and right engagement members Ce that engage with a container fastening device provided on the container mounting / dismounting vehicle V. The configuration of these engagement members Ce can be changed as appropriate as long as they have a shape that engages with the container fastening device, but in this embodiment, a cylindrical member (body lock case) extending in the front and rear directions is used as the engagement members Ce. In this embodiment, a pair of engagement members Ce (two in total) are provided on the left and right, and are located between the left and right main girders Cg near the center of the container C in the front-rear direction. The engagement members Ce are open on the front and rear.

[0019] The upper front surface of the container C is provided with a bar-shaped engaging portion Cb that engages with and disengages from the hook of the arm Va. A pair of left and right support legs Cl are fixed to the front of the bottom of the container C, and a pair of left and right running rollers Cr are rotatably attached to the rear end of the bottom of the container C. The support legs Cl and the running rollers Cr are both located on the outside in the left-right direction with respect to the main girder Cg, and protrude below the underside of the main girder Cg. With the running rollers Cr and support legs Cl in contact with a horizontal surface, the container C is substantially horizontal.

[0020] -Trailer- 5 is a plan view of the trailer in FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a left side view, FIG. 7 is a rear view, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the trailer deck.

[0021] As shown in these drawings, the trailer 1 is equipped with a chassis 4 having front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3 for loading a container C, and a drawbar 5 provided at the front of the chassis 4 and connected to a cargo vehicle. One container C can be loaded onto the trailer 1 from the front.

[0022] The chassis 4 includes a trailer frame 6, a running surface 7, support rollers 8, and a roller pit 9. The trailer frame 6, the running surface 7, the support rollers 8, and the roller pit 9 are provided in pairs on the left and right sides.

[0023] The left and right trailer frames 6 are, for example, rod-shaped members made of high-strength steel material with an I-shaped cross section and extending in the front-rear direction. The left and right trailer frames 6 are connected by a plurality of cross members 6a arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction.

[0024] A swivel mechanism 10, called a turntable, dolly, or the like, which is rotatable around a vertical axis of rotation, is provided on the underside of the front part of the trailer frame 6. The above-mentioned front wheels 2 are connected to the lower part of this swivel mechanism 10 via a suspension, and the front wheels 2 can swing left and right relative to the trailer frame 6. The above-mentioned rear wheels 3 are connected to the underside of the rear part of the trailer frame 6 via a suspension. The orientation of the rear wheels 3 relative to the trailer frame 6 is invariable. In this embodiment, of the front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3, only the front wheels 2 swing left and right, but this can be appropriately changed depending on the size of the vehicle, etc.

[0025] The upper part of the front wheels 2 is covered by a front fender 11 fixed to the side of the trailer frame 6, and the upper part of the rear wheels 3 is covered by a rear fender 12 fixed to the side of the trailer frame 6. In addition, the trailer frame 6 is provided with a side guard 13 that covers the space between the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3. Furthermore, a rear bumper 14 is provided at the rear end of the trailer frame 6.

[0026] A deck 15 extending in the front-rear direction is supported on the upper part of each of the left and right trailer frames 6. The thickness of the deck 15 varies depending on the position in the front-rear direction. Specifically, the lower surface of the deck 15 is flush, whereas the height of the upper surface varies depending on the position in the front-rear direction. A front portion 16 of the deck 15 is thinner in the up-down direction than a main body portion 17 located behind it, and the upper surface of the front portion 16 is lower in height than the upper surface of the main body portion 17.

[0027] The upper surface of the main body 17 of the deck 15 is the running surface 7. This running surface 7 constitutes a road surface on which the running rollers Cr of the container C run when loading and unloading the container C. The running surface 7 also has a slope 7a at its front end that descends forward. This slope 7a is connected to the upper surface of the front part 16 of the deck 15. The slope 7a is located rearward of the claws 23j of the container lock 23 described later, and is arranged so that at least a part of the slope 7a is located rearward of the front edge 2a (FIG. 6) of the front wheel 2. In this embodiment, the entire slope 7a is located rearward of the front edge 2a (FIG. 6) of the front wheel 2, and most (more than half) of the slope 7a is located rearward of the rotation center of the front wheel 2. The running surface 7 also has a slope 7b at its rear end that descends toward the roller pit 9. The slopes 7a and 7b are gentle slopes with an inclination angle (the angle formed with respect to the running surface 7 excluding the slopes 7a and 7b) of 45 degrees or less (for example, about 10 degrees). The running surface 7 excluding the slopes 7a and 7b is horizontal when the trailer 1 is placed on level ground. Rails 7c that guide the running rollers Cr of the container C running on the running surface 7 protrude upward from the inner edges in the lateral direction of the left and right running surfaces 7.

[0028] The left and right support rollers 8 are rollers that support the main girders Cg of the container C loaded on the trailer 1. These support rollers 8 are arranged between the left and right running surfaces 7 such that their rotation axes (rotation center lines) are located forward of the leading edge of the roller pit 9. In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 5, all of the support rollers 8 are located forward of the leading edge of the roller pit 9, and all or a part of the support rollers 8 (a part in this embodiment) are located forward of the rear edges 3a of the rear wheels 3, as shown in Fig. 6.

[0029] The roller pit 9 is a space (e.g., a hole or a depression) into which the traveling rollers Cr of the container C that have traveled across the traveling surface 7 fall, and is adjacent to the rear end of the traveling surface 7, i.e., the rear side of the rear end of the slope 7b. A roller stopper 21 that serves as a stopper for the traveling rollers Cr of the container C is provided on the rear side of the roller pit 9. The roller stopper 21 is provided on the front side of the cross member 19 that connects the rear ends of the left and right trailer frames 6.

[0030] The left and right running surfaces 7 are provided at their inner lateral edges with left and right seats 18 on which the main girders Cg of the container C sit. The left seat 18 and the left support roller 8 are positioned on the same straight line extending parallel to the running surface 7. Similarly, the right seat 18 and the right support roller 8 are positioned on the same straight line extending parallel to the running surface 7.

[0031] Further, a container fastening device 40 for fastening a container C is attached to the cross member 19. In this embodiment, a pair of container fastening devices 40 (two in total) are provided on the left and right sides. Further, a container lock 23 that is operated, for example, by air pressure is provided between the front parts 16 of the left and right decks 15. The detailed configurations of the container lock 23 and the container fastening devices 40 will be described later.

[0032] In addition, the trailer 1 may be provided with a movable front stopper 22 that holds down the front of the loaded container C. The front stopper 22 is supported so as to be vertically rotatable by a cross member that connects the front ends of the left and right trailer frames 6, and can be displaced to an unlocked position in which it is tilted forward, and to a locked position in which it is erected upward. Figure 8 etc. shows the front stopper 22 in the locked position.

[0033] -Drawbar- FIG. 9 is a plan view of drawbar 5 provided on trailer 1, and FIG.

[0034] The drawbar 5 is a connecting member that is connected to a connecting portion at the rear of a cargo vehicle to connect the trailer 1 to the cargo vehicle that serves as a tractor. The drawbar 5 has a variable structure that can be transformed into a basic form for connecting to a cargo vehicle and a retracted form in which the amount of forward projection from the front end of the chassis 4 (the front end of the deck 15 in this embodiment) is smaller than that of the basic form. Specifically, the drawbar 5 has a base 31 attached to the chassis 4 (specifically, the turning mechanism 10) and a main body 32 connected to the base 31 so as to be rotatable at least to the left or right. The basic form of the drawbar 5 is a form in which the main body 32 extends forward as shown in FIG. 9, and the retracted form of the drawbar 5 is a form in which the main body 32 extends to the left or right as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 5.

[0035] The base 31 of the drawbar 5 is connected to the turning mechanism 10 via a pin 38 extending left and right so as to be able to swing up and down, and can swing left and right together with the front wheels 2 by the turning mechanism 10. The vertical swing of the base 31 relative to the turning mechanism 10 can be locked by a stopper pin (not shown).

[0036] The main body 32 of the drawbar 5 is a strong member that is long in the front-rear direction, and its base end is connected to the base 31 via a pin 33 that extends up and down so as to be swingable left and right. This main body 32 can rotate approximately 180 degrees from a state in which the tip faces left to a state in which the tip faces right. In addition, a ring 34 is provided at the tip of the main body 32, and the trailer 1 and the cargo vehicle are connected by connecting this ring 34 to a coupling device of the cargo vehicle. Although not particularly shown, the trailer 1 is equipped with a chain, and when it is towed by a cargo vehicle, it is connected to the cargo vehicle by the chain in addition to the drawbar 5.

[0037] The base 31 and the main body 32 of the drawbar 5 are fixed to each other by a lock pin 35 (the swing of the main body 32 is locked). The base 31 has three pin holes 36 (in front of, to the right of, and to the left of the pin 33) centered around the pin 33, and the main body 32 has one (not shown). FIG. 9 shows a state in which the lock pin 35 is passed through the pin hole 36 in front of the pin 33 in the base 31 and the pin hole 36 in the main body 32, and the main body 32 is fixed to the base 31 in the basic form. From this state, the lock pin 35 is removed, the main body 32 is rotated to the left or right, and the lock pin 35 is passed through the pin hole 36 on the left or right of the pin 33 in the base 31 and the pin hole 36 in the main body 32, whereby the main body 32 is fixed to the base 31 in the retracted form.

[0038] In the retracted configuration, the amount of forward projection of the drawbar 5 from the front end of the chassis 4 (the front end of the deck 15 in this embodiment) is significantly reduced (at least to half or less) compared to the basic configuration. In the case of this embodiment, in the retracted configuration, the entire main body 32 of the drawbar 5 is located rearward of the front end of the base 31 of the drawbar 5, and the amount of forward projection of the drawbar 5 from the front end of the chassis 4 in the retracted configuration is, for example, about 1 / 4 of that in the basic configuration.

[0039] Although not shown in Figures 9 and 10, the drawbar 5 is equipped with a stand 37 (Figure 6) with casters. The stand 37 is normally in a position with the casters facing backward and away from the ground, but when coupling or uncoupling the trailer 1 and the tractor, the stand 37 is erected and the handle 37a is turned to extend the stand 37, allowing the drawbar 5, which is a heavy object, to be lifted.

[0040] -Container Lock- Fig. 11 is a plan view of the container lock 23 described above, Fig. 12 is a front view of the container lock 23 as seen from below in Fig. 11, and Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 11. The left-right direction in Figs. 11 to 13 corresponds to the left-right direction of the trailer 1, the container detachment vehicle V, and the container C, and corresponds to the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in Fig. 1. In Figs. 11 to 13, the container lock 23 is illustrated with its exterior cover seen through.

[0041] The container lock 23 is located between the front parts 16 of the left and right decks 15 of the chassis 4, and regulates the vertical movement of the container C. The container lock 23 includes a base 23a, a cylinder 23b, a bell crank 23c, a first shaft 23d, a bell crank 23e, an arm 23f, a bell crank 23g, a second shaft 23h, a link 23i, and a claw 23j.

[0042] The base 23a is supported by a cross member 6a located at the front of the trailer 1. The cylinder 23b is a pneumatic cylinder, and one end of the cylinder 23b is connected to the base 23a via a bracket 23k so as to be rotatable up and down in an orientation extending left and right. A hydraulic cylinder may also be used for the cylinder 23b. The other end of the cylinder 23b is connected via a bell crank 23c to a first shaft 23d that is rotatably supported on the base 23a. The first shaft 23d rotates as the cylinder 23b expands and contracts.

[0043] Also, arm 23f, also called a sickle neck, partially formed in a U-shape, is connected to first shaft 23d via bell crank 23e. The tip of bell crank 23e is rotatably connected to one end of arm 23f via pin 23l. Arm 23f extends left and right (in a direction perpendicular to first shaft 23d) and straddles first shaft 23d at the U-shape. The other end of arm 23f is connected to second shaft 23h rotatably supported on base 23a via bell crank 23g. Arm 23f and bell crank 23g are rotatably connected to pin 23m. Left and right claws 23j rotatably connected to base 23a are connected to second shaft 23h via left and right links 23i.

[0044] With this configuration, when the cylinder 23b extends and the first shaft 23d rotates in one direction (the direction of the arrow R1 in FIG. 13), the rotation of the first shaft 23d is transmitted to the second shaft 23h via the bell crank 23e and the arm 23f, and the second shaft 23h rotates in one direction (the direction opposite to the arrow R2 in FIG. 13). Furthermore, the rotation of the second shaft 23h is transmitted to the left and right claws 23j via the left and right links 23i, and the left and right claws 23j rotate outward in the left and right direction (vehicle width direction), respectively, and the left and right claws 23j protrude outward from the exterior cover (FIG. 8) (as shown in FIG. 8, 11 to 13). The left and right protruding claws 23j engage with claw holes (not shown) provided on the opposing side surfaces of the left and right main girders Cg of the container C loaded on the trailer 1, and regulate the up-down, front-back, and left-right movement of the container C.

[0045] On the other hand, when the cylinder 23b is contracted and the first shaft 23d rotates in the other direction (opposite to the direction of the arrow R1 in FIG. 13), the rotation of the first shaft 23d is transmitted to the second shaft 23h via the bell crank 23e and the arm 23f, and the second shaft 23h rotates in the other direction (arrow R2 in FIG. 13). Furthermore, the rotation of the second shaft 23h is transmitted to the left and right claws 23j via the left and right links 23i, and the left and right claws 23j rotate inward in the left and right direction (vehicle width direction) from the state shown in FIG. 11 to FIG. 13, and the left and right claws 23j are stored in the exterior cover (FIG. 8). When the left and right claws 23j are stored in a state where the container C is loaded on the trailer 1, the left and right claws 23j are released from the claw holes (not shown) of the left and right main girders Cg of the container C, and the restraint of the container C by the container lock 23 is released.

[0046] At this time, in a state where the claws 23j protrude to the left and right, as shown in FIG. 13, a plane S passing through the center lines of the pins 23l and 23m at both ends of the arm 23f is located below the center of the first shaft 23d, and the force transmitted from the second shaft 23h rotating in the direction of the arrow R2 to the first shaft 23d is converted into a force that rotates the first shaft 23d in the direction of the arrow R1. As described above, in order for the second shaft 23h to rotate in the direction of the arrow R2, the first shaft 23d must rotate in the opposite direction to the arrow R1 due to the structure, so the rotational force of the first shaft 23d in the direction of the arrow R1 resists the force that tries to rotate the second shaft 23h in the direction of the arrow R2. As a result, even if an upward external force F (FIG. 13) acts on the claws 23j from the container C, for example, the rotation of the second shaft 23h in the direction of the arrow R2 due to this force is restricted, and the claws 23j are prevented from falling inward and coming off the container C.

[0047] -Container fastening device- Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the container fastening device 40, and Fig. 15 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the container fastening device 40. Figs. 14 and 15 show the left-side container fastening device 40, but the right-side container fastening device 40 may have a symmetrical configuration or the same configuration as the left-side container fastening device 40.

[0048] The container fastening device 40 is a member that restricts the up, down, left and right movement of the container C for the detachable vehicle loaded on the trailer 1, and is equipped with a support 41, a rod 42, a jump prevention piece (locking member) 43, a cylinder 44, and a guide 45. The container C for the detachable vehicle that is loaded onto the container detachable vehicle V from the front side (engagement part Cb side) does not have a hole on the back side for inserting the jump prevention piece due to its structure, but instead is equipped with an engagement member Ce that receives from the front the rear-facing jump prevention piece equipped on the container detachable vehicle. The container fastening device 40 engages with this engagement member Ce of the container C loaded on the trailer 1.

[0049] The support 41 is attached to the trailer 1, which is a base for loading the container C. Specifically, the support 41 is fixed to a cross member 6a located near the center of the trailer 1 in the front-rear direction, for example. In this embodiment, a cylindrical member is used for the support 41, and two cylindrical supports 41 fixed to two cross members 6a arranged in the front-rear direction are arranged in the front-rear direction, and the rod 42 is inserted into these supports 41 and supported so as to be slidable in the direction in which the container C is loaded (the loading / unloading direction, i.e., the front-rear direction) (see also FIG. 8). A stopper 41a is attached to the cross member 6a to which the front support 41 is attached, separately from the front support 41. The front stopper 41 and the stopper 41a may be attached to different cross members 6a. The stopper 41a is provided with a hook 41b that engages with the protrusion 43d of the jump-up prevention piece 43.

[0050] The jump prevention piece 43 is a locking member that engages with and disengages from the engaging member Ce of the container C loaded on the trailer 1, and is supported by the rod 42 via a rotating shaft 43a. The jump prevention piece 43 of this embodiment is configured in an L-shape with a claw 43b and a post 43c that supports the claw 43b. In this embodiment, the jump prevention piece 43 is illustrated as a locking member, but the shape of the locking member can be changed as appropriate, and it can be, for example, rod-shaped or block-shaped depending on the shape of the engaging member Ce. The rotating shaft 43a supports the lower part of the post 43c, and the claw 43b is supported by the upper part of the post 43c. When the jump prevention piece 43 is in an upright position with the post 43c upright, the claw 43b rises in an arc orbit centered on the rotating shaft 43a and is displaced to a locking position, and is transformed into a horizontal position with the tip facing forward as shown in FIG. 15. When the jump-prevention piece 43 assumes a lying-down position with the post 43c tilted down, the claw 43b moves downward in an arc around the rotation shaft 43a, displaces to the release position, and transforms into an inclined position with the tip pointing downward as shown in Fig. 14. When in the locked position, the jump-prevention piece 43 is inserted into and engages with the engagement member Ce of the container C loaded onto the chassis 4 from the front, and restricts the up, down, left and right movement of the loaded container C. The jump-prevention piece 43 is also biased in the upright direction by a spring (e.g., a torsion spring) not shown, and receives a force that displaces it to the locked position.

[0051] One end of the cylinder 44 is supported via a bracket 44a to a cross member 6a different from the cross member 6a supporting the support 41, and the other end is connected to the rod 42. As a result, when the cylinder 44 expands and contracts, the rod 42 and the anti-jump piece 43 attached thereto slide back and forth while being guided by the support 41. The cylinder 44 can be a hydraulic cylinder, but in this embodiment it is a pneumatic cylinder.

[0052] The guide 45 is a member that plays a role of rotating the jump prevention piece 43 by contacting the jump prevention piece 43 that slides together with the rod 42, and is fixed to, for example, the cross member 6a. In this embodiment, the guide 45 is provided with a pressing roller 45a, and a configuration is adopted in which the pressing roller 45a presses the jump prevention piece 43. In the state shown in FIG. 14 (a state in which the cylinder 44 is contracted), the jump prevention piece 43 is pressed in a position in which the post 43c is laid down by the pressing roller 45a of the guide 45 in a state in which the post 43c is biased in a direction in which the post 43c stands up by a spring. When the cylinder 44 is extended as shown by the straight arrow in FIG. 15 and the jump prevention piece 43 moves toward the engagement member Ce of the container C loaded on the trailer 1 (i.e., moves forward), the jump prevention piece 43 is released from the guide 45 (disengaged from the guide 45) and stands up as shown by the arc arrow (displaced to the lock position). When the protrusion 43d of the anti-jumping piece 43 engages with the hook 41b of the stopper 41a and restricts rotation, the post 43c is locked in an upright position, and the claw 43b is firmly inserted from the rear into the engaging member Ce of the container C loaded on the trailer 1.

[0053] In this embodiment, the anti-jumping piece 43 is configured to stand up by a spring, but it may be configured to stand up by its own weight by setting the position of the center of gravity relative to the rotation shaft 43a. In this case, similar to the above, the anti-jumping piece 43 stands up when the cylinder 44 extends and is released from the guide 45. Conversely, the anti-jumping piece 43 may be configured to fall forward, for example, by a spring or by its own weight. For example, a guide member (roller, etc.) that contacts the anti-jumping piece 43 during its movement may be provided, and when the cylinder 44 extends, the anti-jumping piece 43 hits the guide member and stands up, and when the cylinder 44 contracts, the anti-jumping piece 43 becomes free and falls down.

[0054] The container fastening device 40 is configured in such a way that, by a combination of the translational movement accompanying the sliding of the rod 42 and the rotational movement around the rotation axis 43a, the anti-jump piece 43 moves translationally toward the engaging member Ce of the container C, stands up, and engages with the engaging member Ce.

[0055] - Procedure for loading containers onto a trailer - 16 to 21 are diagrams showing the process of transferring a container C from a container loader V to a trailer 1. As an example, the procedure for loading a container C by a container loader V onto an empty trailer 1 that has been towed by a tractor to a loading work site will be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 16 to 21.

[0056] When loading a container C onto the trailer 1, it is necessary to move the drawbar 5 of the trailer 1 to the retracted state. In this case, first, the stand 37 is erected while the drawbar 5 of the trailer 1 is still connected to the tractor, and the handle 37a is turned to raise the drawbar 5 to a position where the ring 34 can be detached from the connection part of the tractor. In this way, the connection between the tractor and the trailer 1 is released, and the tractor is moved. After the tractor is moved, the vertical swing of the base 31 of the drawbar 5 is locked with a stopper pin (not shown), and the stand 37 is stored in preparation for the transition of the drawbar 5 to the retracted state (in a state where it is separated from the ground as shown by the solid line in FIG. 6). However, if the contact surface of the casters of the stand 37 is smooth, the stand 37 may remain on the ground.

[0057] Thereafter, the lock pin 35 is removed, the main body 32 of the drawbar 5 is rotated to the left or right to move from the basic form to the retracted form, and the removed lock pin 35 is reinserted to fix the main body 32 in the retracted form.

[0058] Next, as shown in Fig. 1, the container loader V loaded with the container C is brought close to the front of the trailer 1, and the container loader V and the trailer 1 are lined up in tandem facing the same direction. The rear of the container loader V and the front of the trailer 1 face each other.

[0059] After arranging the container loading / unloading vehicle V and the trailer 1 in tandem as shown in Fig. 1, it is confirmed that the jump prevention piece 43 of the container fastening device 40 is in the release position, and if the jump prevention piece 43 is in the lock position, the cylinder 44 is contracted to displace the jump prevention piece 43 to the release position. Then, as shown in Fig. 16, the arm Va of the container handling device Vh is slid backward to push the container C backward. The container C slides backward on the container loading / unloading vehicle V with the main girder Cg guided by the guide rollers Vr.

[0060] After sliding the container C backward, the arm Va of the container handling device Vh is rotated backward as shown in Fig. 17, and the container C is brought into contact with the trailer 1. The container C moves backward with its front part lifted up, with the guide roller Vr as the fulcrum, and first the traveling roller Cr comes into contact with the running surface 7 of the trailer 1. At that time, the traveling roller Cr of the container C lands on the slope 7a on the front side of the running surface 7 as the arm Va starts to rotate (Fig. 17).

[0061] Thereafter, when the arm Va of the container handling device Vh rotates further backward, the traveling rollers Cr of the container C travel on the traveling surface 7 of the trailer 1 and move backward as shown in FIG.

[0062] When the traveling rollers Cr of the container C travel to the rear end on the traveling surface 7, they drop into the roller pit 9 (FIG. 8) as shown in FIG. 19, and at the same time, the main girders Cg of the container C are supported by the support rollers 8 of the trailer 1. The support point at the rear of the container C is changed from the traveling rollers Cr to the support rollers 8, and even if the traveling rollers Cr pass the traveling surface 7, the support point at the rear of the container C remains within the range of the traveling surface 7.

[0063] And finally, the container C is in a state where the main girder Cg is seated on the seat 18 (Fig. 20). When the main girder Cg of the container C is seated on the seat 18, the cylinder 44 of the container fastening device 40 is extended, and the anti-jump piece 43 is inserted into the engagement member Ce of the container C, so that the up-down, down-down, left-right and right-left movement of the container C is restricted (Fig. 21). Also, the front part of the container C is fixed with the claw 23j of the container lock 23, so that the up-down, down-down, front-back, left-right and right-left movement of the container C relative to the trailer 1 is restricted. In addition, the front stopper 22 is raised (Fig. 21), and the front of the container C is restrained, so that the forward and backward movement of the container C is further tightly restricted.

[0064] Once the container C has been transferred onto the trailer 1 in this manner, the connection between the arm Va and the container C is released, and the container loading / unloading vehicle V is moved forward.

[0065] When connecting the trailer to the container loader V or other cargo vehicle, the above-mentioned steps are reversed to return the drawbar 5 to its basic configuration, and the drawbar 5 and chain are connected to the cargo vehicle.

[0066] The procedure for unloading container C from trailer 1 is essentially the reverse of the above.

[0067] -effect- (1) As shown in Figures 19 and 20, the final movement of the container C when it is loaded onto the trailer 1 by the container loading / unloading vehicle V is to descend while moving backwards and land on the trailer 1. If the anti-jumping piece 43 were to be fixed, the claws 43b of the anti-jumping piece 43 would have to be thin and short to allow the arc-shaped trajectory of the container C when it lands on the trailer 1. In this case, a larger than necessary gap would be generated between the engaging member Ce of the container C and the anti-jumping piece 43 when they are engaged, and there is a possibility that the securing device would not function satisfactorily.

[0068] In contrast, in this embodiment, after the container C lands on the trailer 1, the jump-up prevention piece 43 rotates and slides to the locked position as described above, and the claw 43b of the jump-up prevention piece 43 is inserted into the engagement member Ce from the rear while avoiding interference with obstacles (not shown) such as horizontal joists present at the bottom of the container C. Since the claw 43b is inserted by moving back and forth relative to the engagement member Ce, it is not necessary to make the claw 43b thinner and shorter than necessary relative to the engagement member Ce. As a result, regardless of the trajectory of the container C when it is loaded onto the trailer 1, the container fastening device 40 can securely fasten the container C by engaging the claw 43b with the engagement member Ce provided at the bottom of the container C.

[0069] (2) The anti-jump piece 43 is held in a lying position by the guide 45 while being biased in the standing direction, and when it moves toward the engaging member Ce, it is released from the guide 45 and stands up. As described above, the anti-jump piece 43 moves on two axes combining translation and rotation, but by configuring it in this way, the drive device for driving the anti-jump piece 43 requires only the cylinder 44, and the number of parts can be reduced.

[0070] (3) In addition, the member for pressing the jump-prevention piece 43 does not need to be movable as long as it presses the jump-prevention piece 43, but in this embodiment, a pressing roller 45a is provided as a member for pressing the jump-prevention piece 43. The pressing roller 45a does not roll on and rub against the post 43c of the jump-prevention piece 43, so wear on the post 43c can be suppressed.

[0071] (4) In addition, a slope 7a descending forward is provided at the front end of the running surface 7 so as to be located behind the claws 23j of the container lock 23. If there was no slope 7a at the front end of the running surface 7, when transferring a container C from the container loading / unloading vehicle V to the trailer 1, there is a possibility that the running roller Cr will come into contact with the vicinity of the front end of the vehicle frame 4 (for example, the front part 16 of the deck 15) when the arm Va of the container handling device Vh starts to rotate.

[0072] For example, when sliding the container C backward by the arm Va to transfer the container C from the container loading / unloading vehicle V to the trailer 1 (FIG. 16), if there is no slope 7a and there is no difference in height between the top surfaces of the front part 16 and the main body part 17 of the deck 15, the top surface of the front part 16 may be higher than the lower edge of the running rollers Cr of the container C. In that case, the running rollers Cr get caught on the front end of the front part 16 of the deck 15 and cannot ride up, making it difficult to transfer the container C to the trailer 1.

[0073] Even if the container C can be loaded onto the trailer 1, if there is no difference in the height of the top surfaces of the front 16 and main body 17 of the deck 15, the support legs Cl of the container C loaded onto the trailer 1 will come into contact with the front 16 of the deck 15, and the main girders Cg of the container C will not seat on the seat 18 of the trailer 1.

[0074] In contrast, in this embodiment, the front end of the running surface 7 is provided with a slope 7a that descends forward, and at least a part of this slope 7a is located behind the front edge 2a of the front wheel 2. By providing the slope 7a in this way and lowering the upper surface of the front part 16 of the deck 15 relative to the upper surface of the main body part 17 of the deck 15 (the running surface 7 excluding the slopes 7a and 7b), the running rollers Cr are prevented from contacting the upper surface of the front part 16 of the deck 15 when the arm Va starts to turn, and the running rollers Cr are stably landed on the slope 7a and smoothly guided to the running surface 7 following the slope 7a. This allows the container C to be stably transferred from the container loading / unloading vehicle V to the trailer 1. In addition, the support legs Cl of the container C are prevented from contacting the upper surface of the front part 16 of the deck 15, and the main beam Cg of the container C can be securely supported by the seat part 18 of the trailer 1.

[0075] In addition, since the trailer 1 is heavy at the front where the drawbar 5 and the turning mechanism 10 are provided, when the container C is loaded from the front of the trailer 1 as in this embodiment, the position where the traveling rollers Cr of the container C land when the container C starts to be loaded is important. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the container C is transferred to the trailer 1 with the container loading vehicle V stopped at a predetermined position, the slope 7a on which the traveling rollers Cr of the container C first land is provided behind the claws 23j of the container lock 23 and near the front wheels 2. The load of the container C is prevented from being applied near the front end of the trailer 1, and the transfer operation of the container C from the container loading vehicle V to the trailer 1 can be stably performed. In particular, in this embodiment, since the front part of the slope 7a is located behind the front edge 2a of the front wheel 2, it is possible to prevent the load of the container C from concentrating forward of the front edge 2a of the front wheel 2.

[0076] From the viewpoint of weight balance related to the landing position of the traveling rollers Cr of the container C when loading of the container C begins, it is more preferable that the slope 7a is located between the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3, but if the entire slope 7a is configured to be located behind the front wheels 2, the front part of the main girder Cg of the container C loaded on the trailer 1 will be in a significantly raised supported state, making it impossible to ensure the stability of the container C. Therefore, in this embodiment, the slope 7a at the front end of the traveling surface 7 is provided near the front wheels 2, thereby achieving both a good weight balance and a stable supported state when the container is loaded.

[0077] (5) According to this embodiment, the drawbar 5 can be transformed from a basic configuration for coupling to a cargo vehicle to a retracted configuration (indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 5) in which the amount of forward protrusion from the front end of the chassis 4 is smaller than in the basic configuration. Therefore, by putting the drawbar 5 into the retracted configuration, the rear of the container loading / unloading vehicle V can be brought sufficiently close to the front of the trailer 1. This facilitates the work of loading and unloading the container C from the front of the trailer 1 by the container loading / unloading vehicle V.

[0078] (6) As described above, the chassis 4 is provided with the roller pit 9 adjacent to the rear of the running surface 7 on which the running rollers Cr of the container C run, and the support rollers 8 that support the main girders Cg of the container C are arranged so that their rotation axis is located forward of the roller pit 9. If there was no roller pit 9 and the running surface 7 continued to near the rear end of the trailer 1, the running rollers Cr running on the running surface 7 would exceed the rear wheels 3, and just before the loading of the container C was completed, the load of the container C would be concentrated at a position beyond the rear wheels 3, which could cause the front wheels 2 of the trailer 1 to lift off the ground.

[0079] In contrast, in this embodiment, as described above, before the loading of the container C is completed, the traveling rollers Cr of the container C drop into the roller pit 9, and the main girder Cg of the container C is supported by the support rollers 8 arranged forward of the roller pit 9. This prevents the support point of the container C from moving to the vicinity of the rear end of the trailer 1, and makes it possible to suppress the front wheels 2 of the trailer 1 from lifting up.

[0080] In particular, in this embodiment, the support roller 8 is positioned in a position where its front-to-rear position range overlaps with the rear wheel 3, thereby preventing the support point of the container C from moving rearward beyond the rear edge 3a of the rear wheel 3.

[0081] (7) The rear end of the traveling surface 7 has a slope 7b that descends toward the roller pit 9, so that the traveling rollers Cr of the container C descend the slope 7b when they fall into the roller pit 9, allowing the main girder Cg to smoothly land on the support rollers 8. This makes it possible to reduce the impact when the support point of the container C switches from the traveling rollers Cr to the support rollers 8.

[0082] (8) In addition, the front of the container C is secured by the container lock 23. The container lock 23 is operated by the cylinder 23b, so that the lock and unlock operations can be easily performed at the container lock 23 located between the left and right main girders Cg of the container C, which is difficult for workers to reach. In addition, when unlocking, the left and right claws 23j are stored in the exterior cover 23x and retracted from the tracks of the traveling rollers Cr, so that interference between the claws 23j of the container lock 23 and the traveling rollers Cr when loading and unloading the container C is suppressed.

[0083] -Variations- In the above embodiment, it has been explained assuming that the cylinder 44 of the container fastening device 40 is manually operated. However, for example, the position and posture of the container C loaded on the trailer 1 can be detected by a sensor, and when it is determined that the container C is placed on the trailer 1 in a specified position and posture, the cylinder 44 can be driven by a control device to automatically lock the container C.

[0084] In addition, although the configuration in which the anti-jumping piece 43 is inserted from the rear into the engaging member Ce of the container C loaded on the trailer 1 has been exemplified, the anti-jumping piece 43 may be inserted from the front into the engaging member Ce. In this case, the container lock 23 can regulate the rearward movement of the container C, but instead of the front stopper 22, a member for regulating the rearward movement of the container C may be added separately as necessary.

[0085] In addition, although the example has been described in which the container fastening device 40 is applied to a trailer 1, the container fastening device 40 can be attached to a base on which the container C is loaded, and can also be mounted on a container loading / unloading vehicle V, for example. [Explanation of symbols]

[0086] 1 ... trailer (base), 40 ... container fastening device, 41 ... support, 42 ... rod, 43 ... jump prevention piece (lock member), 44 ... cylinder, 45 ... guide, 43a ... rotating shaft, 45a ... pressing roller, C ... container, Ce ... engaging member, V ... container attachment / detachment vehicle (base)

Claims

1. A container fastening device for fastening a container having an engaging member at a bottom, a support attached to a base on which the container is loaded; a rod supported on the support so as to be slidable in the loading direction; a lock member supported by the rod via a rotation shaft and adapted to engage with and disengage from the engagement member; A cylinder for sliding the rod; a guide that abuts against the locking member that slides together with the rod to rotate the locking member, a combination of a translational movement associated with the sliding of the rod and a rotational movement about the rotation axis, wherein the locking member translates toward the engaging member while standing up and engaging with the engaging member.

2. The container securing device according to claim 1, A container securing device characterized in that the locking member restricts the up-down and left-right movement of the container.

3. The container securing device according to claim 1, The container securing device according to claim 1, wherein the locking member is held in a lying position by the guide while being biased in an upright direction, and when the locking member moves toward the engaging member, it is released from the guide and stands up.

4. The container securing device according to claim 3, A container securing device, characterized in that the guide is equipped with a pressure roller.

5. The container securing device according to claim 1, A container securing device according to claim 1, wherein the base is a trailer towed by a cargo vehicle.

Images