Upper surface raising structure of building unit

Abstract

To make an entire upper surface of a building unit having a stepped shape flat, mainly when it rains, by covering from above with a surface material.SOLUTION: In an upper surface raising structure of a building unit 2, a surface material 21 is installed on an upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 having a stepped shape in which an inner part 13 is lower than a peripheral edge part 12. The surface material 21 covers the entire upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 to make it a flat surface that is the same height as the peripheral edge part 12 or slightly higher than the peripheral edge part 12. The upper surface raising structure 1 of the building unit 2 is provided with at least one of a slip prevention member 22 that prevents the surface material 21 from slipping laterally relative to the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 and a plurality of support members 23 that support the surface material 21 above the inner part 13.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a top elevation structure for a building unit. [Background technology]

[0002] Some buildings, such as houses, are constructed as modular buildings, which are buildings that are constructed in a short period of time by transporting prefabricated building units to the construction site and assembling them there.

[0003] In such unit buildings, a sheet-like waterproof cover is placed over the top surface of the unit building so that installation work of the unit building can be carried out at the construction site even during rainfall (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2008-97794 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Some building units have a stepped top surface. Therefore, if a waterproof cover is placed directly on the top surface of the building unit during rainfall, rainwater will collect in the lower part of the stepped surface and form a puddle.

[0006] Therefore, in Patent Document 1, a waterproof cover lifting tool is provided locally in the center of the top surface of the building unit, and the waterproof cover lifting tool raises the center part of the waterproof cover, thereby improving the drainage of rainwater from the top surface of the building unit. However, since there is nothing to support the waterproof cover other than the lifting tool, simply providing the waterproof cover lifting tool could not avoid the formation of rainwater pools around the waterproof cover lifting tool.

[0007] Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to contribute to improving the above-mentioned problems. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In response to the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a building unit upper surface raising structure which comprises a surface material that covers the entire upper surface of the building unit and creates a flat surface that is the same height as the peripheral portion or slightly higher than the peripheral portion, on the upper surface of a building unit having a step shape with the inner portion lower than the peripheral portion, and which is provided with at least one of a slip prevention material that prevents lateral slippage of the surface material against the upper surface of the building unit, and a plurality of support members that support the surface material above the inner portion. Effect of the Invention

[0009] With the above-described configuration, the present invention makes it possible to cover the stepped upper surface of a building unit with a surface material from above during rainfall to make it flat. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] This is an oblique view of a building unit to which the upper surface elevation structure of this embodiment is applied. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the top surface of a building unit, where (a) is a view seen from the short side toward the long side, and (b) is a view seen from the long side toward the short side. [Diagram 3] 1 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing an example of an upper surface raising structure using a long plate material as a slip prevention material. FIG. [Figure 4] 1A is a perspective view of the top of a unit building showing the state of installing or removing a panel on the top surface of a building unit, and FIG. 1B is a side view of the panel being folded in a peak-valley manner. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 shows an example of an upper surface raised structure using a metal clip as a slip prevention material, where (a) is an exploded oblique view, (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view seen from the side, (c) is an enlarged view of the metal clip part in (b), and (d) is an oblique view of the metal clip. [Figure 6]FIG. 1 shows an example of an upper surface raised structure using a plate piece as a slip prevention material, where (a) is a partially enlarged vertical cross-sectional view, and (b) is a perspective view of the plate piece. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 shows an example of an upper surface raised structure using a wedge-shaped member as an anti-slip material, where (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view from the side, (b) is a side view of the wedge-shaped member in (a), (c) is an oblique view showing the connecting portion between the wedge-shaped member and the string-shaped member, and (d) is a partially enlarged oblique view of (c). [Figure 8] FIG. 1 shows an example of an upper surface raising structure using a weight as an anti-slip material, where (a) is a vertical section seen from the side showing the attachment state to the upper flange portion of a ceiling beam, (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view seen from the side showing the attachment state to the web portion of the ceiling beam, and (c) is an oblique view showing the connecting portion between the weight and the string-like member. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 shows an example of an upper surface raised structure using push pin type fasteners as anti-slip materials, where (a) is a partially enlarged oblique view of the upper surface of a building unit using push pin type fasteners, (b) is a partially enlarged oblique view of the push pin type fasteners of (a), (c) is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing the state of installing the push pin type fasteners of (a), and (d) is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the installed state of the push pin type fasteners of (a). [Figure 10] 13 is a perspective view showing an example of an upper surface raising structure using tape as a slip prevention material. FIG. [Figure 11] 13 is a perspective view showing an example of an upper surface raising structure using an axial insertion member as a slip prevention material. FIG. [Figure 12] 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of an upper surface raising structure using a colored elongated material as a support member. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 shows an example of an upper surface raised structure in which colored long materials are connected by connecting members as support members, where (a) is a plan view of the upper surface of a building unit, (b) is a partial side view showing the colored long materials spread out on the upper surface of a building unit, and (c) is a partial side view showing the colored long materials bundled together on the upper surface of a building unit. [Figure 14]This shows an example of an upper surface raised structure in which pillar-shaped spacers as support members are connected by mesh members as connecting members, where (a) is an exploded oblique view of the panel and spacer, (b) is an oblique view showing the panel and pillar-shaped spacer combined together, (c) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the upper surface of a building unit, and (d) is an oblique view of the pillar-shaped spacer. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 shows an example of an upper surface raised structure using plywood as the surface material, where (a) is a perspective view of the plywood and (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the upper surface of a building unit. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 shows an example of an upper surface raised structure in which the facing material is plywood or plastic corrugated cardboard; (a) is a perspective view of the plywood, and (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the upper surface of a building unit. [Figure 17] This shows an example of an upper surface elevated structure using aluminum scaffolding boards as the surface material, where (a) is an oblique view of the aluminum scaffolding board, (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the upper surface of a building unit, and (c) is an oblique view of the upper surface of a building unit. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 shows another example of an upper surface elevated structure using aluminum scaffolding boards as the surface material, where (a) is an oblique view of the aluminum scaffolding board, (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the upper surface of a building unit, and (c) is an oblique view of the upper surface of a building unit. [Figure 19] This shows another example of an upper surface elevated structure using aluminum scaffolding boards as the surface material, where (a) is an oblique view of the aluminum scaffolding boards sub-assembled to the hanging frame, and (b) is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the upper surface of the building unit. [Figure 20] These figures show the installation state of support members on an aluminum scaffolding board, where (a) is an oblique view of the aluminum scaffolding board, (b) is a diagram showing the arrangement of support members on the aluminum scaffolding board, and (c) is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the top surface of a building unit. [Figure 21] FIG. 1 shows an example of an upper surface elevated structure in which the facing material is a roof panel, where (a) is an oblique view of the roof panel, (b) is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the upper surface of the building unit, and (c) is an exploded oblique view of the roof panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] This embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. EXAMPLES

[0012] <Configuration> The configuration of this embodiment is as follows.

[0013] A building such as a house is constructed from unit buildings. Figure 1 is a perspective view of a building unit 2 used in the unit building.

[0014] A unit building is a building that can be constructed in a short period of time by transporting building units 2 manufactured in advance in a factory to a construction site and assembling them at the construction site.

[0015] The building unit 2 is a box-shaped structure that constitutes a unit building. The building unit 2 has a unit frame of a box-frame structure in its skeleton, in which the upper ends of four metal columns 3 are connected in a rectangular shape by four metal ceiling beams 4, and the lower ends of the four columns 3 are connected in a rectangular shape by four metal floor beams 5.

[0016] 2(a) and 2(b), four ceiling beams 4 connected in a rectangular shape have multiple parallel ceiling joists 7 on the inside, and sheathing boards 8 are provided on the ceiling joists 7, forming the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2. Auxiliary joists 9 that are perpendicular to the ceiling joists 7 are appropriately provided between the ceiling beams 4 and the outermost ceiling joist 7 closest to the ceiling beam 4.

[0017] The four ceiling beams 4 form a ceiling frame that constitutes a peripheral portion 12 of an upper surface 11 of the building unit 2. The sheathing boards 8 form the surface of an inner portion 13 of the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2.

[0018] The ceiling beam 4 is formed of a steel section having an inward C-shaped cross section, which has a vertical web portion 14 and upper and lower horizontal flange portions 15, 16.

[0019] The ceiling joists 7 are erected between a pair of opposing ceiling beams 4. Both ends of the ceiling joists 7 are engaged and held from above by the lower flange portions 16 of the ceiling beams 4. The sheathing boards 8 above the ceiling beams 4 are installed at a lower position than the upper flange portions 15 of the ceiling beams 4. Therefore, the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 has a stepped shape (step portion 17) because the upper flange portions 15 of the ceiling beams 4 that form the peripheral portion 12 are relatively high and the sheathing boards 8 that form the inner portion 13 are relatively low.

[0020] When transporting the building unit 2 from the factory to the construction site during rainfall, a resin waterproof cover (not shown) is placed over at least the upper surface of the building unit 2. The waterproof cover is made of a flexible sheet material. The waterproof cover is appropriately removed from the building unit 2 after the building unit 2 is installed at the construction site.

[0021] In contrast to the configuration of the building unit 2 described above, the upper surface elevated structure of this embodiment may have the following configuration.

[0022] (1) The upper surface raising structure of the building unit 2 is provided by installing a surface material 21, which covers the entire upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 and makes the surface almost flat, at the same height as the peripheral portion 12 or slightly higher than the peripheral portion 12, on the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2, which has a step shape with the inner portion 13 lower than the peripheral portion 12, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. Then, at least one of a slip prevention material 22 that prevents the surface material 21 from slipping sideways relative to the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2, and a plurality of support members 23 (Figure 12) that support the surface material 21 above the inner portion 13 is provided.

[0023] Here, "at the same height as the peripheral portion 12 of the building unit 2" means that the upper or lower surface of the face material 21 is installed at a height approximately equal to the upper surface of the upper flange portion 15 of the ceiling beam 4. "Slightly higher than the peripheral portion 12 of the building unit 2" means that the upper surface of the face material 21 is slightly higher than the position of the upper surface of the upper flange portion 15 of the ceiling beam 4. "Slightly higher" means about the thickness of the face material 21, for example, up to a height approximately equal to the height of the ceiling beam 4.

[0024] The substantially flat surface is preferably a completely flat surface, but a less flat surface is acceptable. Also, even if the substantially flat surface has some irregularities, it is acceptable as long as the irregularities are small enough to prevent rainwater from pooling.

[0025] The facing material 21 may be made of any material as long as it covers the entire upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 during rainfall and does not cause rain puddles, as shown in Fig. 3. The facing material 21 may be, for example, plastic corrugated cardboard 24. The plastic corrugated cardboard 24 is a resin-made cardboard that is a thin, lightweight member, yet has a rigidity or strength sufficient to prevent it from being dented by the weight of rainwater, and is waterproof and water-repellent, allowing for repeated use.

[0026] The face material 21 may be of any shape or size, but is preferably substantially rectangular. A single face material 21 is provided, or multiple face materials 21 are arranged side by side on the top surface 11 of the building unit 2. The single or multiple face materials 21 are designed to cover almost the entire area up to the outer edges of the ceiling beams 4 connected in a rectangular shape. The multiple face materials 21 may be arranged side by side, butt-to-side, or with some overlapping. However, notches or small holes may be provided in the corners of the top surface 11 of the building unit 2 so that a lifting bracket can be attached to lift the building unit 2 with a crane.

[0027] When the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 is rectangular having long and short sides, it is preferable that the multiple panel panels 21 are installed so that they are lined up along the short sides, with the length spanning the pair of long sides, or, as shown in Figure 4(a), so that they are lined up along the long sides, with the length spanning the pair of short sides.

[0028] When the facing material 21 is a plastic corrugated cardboard 24, the facing material 21 may be made foldable with creases 25. This allows the facing material 21 to be small when not in use and to be spread out and flat when in use.

[0029] For example, the surface material 21 can be folded finely into peaks and valleys by providing multiple creases 25 alternately on both sides as shown in FIG. 4(b). Also, for example, the surface material 21 can be folded in two by providing one crease 25 in the center as shown in FIG. 5(a)(b). In this case, the surface material 21 is naturally installed in a mountain shape by making it slightly longer than the distance between the outer edges of a pair of ceiling beams 4 and installing it so that the distance is the same as the distance between the outer edges, and a drainage slope is formed on both sides of the crease 25, which is preferable in terms of preventing rain pools. The almost flat surface material 21 may be installed horizontally with respect to the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2, but may also be installed slightly diagonally with a drainage slope. This makes it possible to more effectively prevent the occurrence of rain pools.

[0030] Any type of slippage prevention material 22 may be used as long as it can prevent lateral slippage of the face material 21 relative to the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2. Specific slippage prevention materials 22 will be described later.

[0031] The support member 23 may be of any type as long as it can support the facing material 21 above the inner portion 13. The support member 23 is set to be at approximately the same height as the step portion 17. As a result, the support member 23 holds the facing material 21 above the sheathing board 8 at approximately the same height level as the upper flange portion 15 of the ceiling beam 4.

[0032] For example, when the facing material 21 is placed on the upper flange portion 15 of the ceiling beam 4, the facing material 21 floats above the sheathing board 8 with a gap between it and the sheathing board 8 equal to the step portion 17. If workers do not stand on the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 during the installation work of the building units 2 at the construction site, the facing material 21 may be left floating without providing the support member 23. For example, if the unit building is one in which the building units 2 are lined up in a row along the long or short side, scaffolding 26 (FIG. 4(a)) can be provided on both sides of each building unit 2, so that workers do not need to stand on the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 to remove the waterproof cover.

[0033] On the other hand, when a worker needs to stand on the top surface 11 of the building unit 2 during installation work of the building unit 2 at the construction site, a support member 23 is provided between the sheathing board 8 and the surface material 21. The support member 23 supports the surface material 21 from below, allowing a worker to stand on the surface material 21. For example, when the unit building has the building units 2 arranged in multiple rows along both the long and short sides, the scaffolding 26 is provided along the periphery of the unit building. In this case, the joints between the building units 2 located inside the unit building cannot be reached from the scaffolding 26, so a worker needs to stand on the top surface 11 of the building unit 2 to remove the waterproof cover.

[0034] The support member 23 may be provided even if the worker does not stand on the surface material 21. The specific support member 23 will be described later.

[0035] (2) In the above, the anti-slip material 22 is one or more of a long plate material 31 extending along the ceiling beam 4 constituting the peripheral portion 12 of the building unit 2, as shown in Figure 3; a metal clip 32 that can be clamped and held to the ceiling beam 4, as shown in Figure 5; a plate piece 30 that can be attached to the ceiling beam 4, as shown in Figure 6; a wedge-shaped member 33 that can be inserted and fixed into a through hole 4a formed in the ceiling beam 4, as shown in Figure 7, and a string-shaped member 34 that connects the surface material 21 and the wedge-shaped member 33, as shown in Figure 7; a weight 35 that can pass through the through hole 4a formed in the ceiling beam 4, as shown in Figure 8, and a string-shaped member 34 that connects the surface material 21 and the weight 35, as shown in Figure 9; a push pin-type fastener 36 that can be inserted and engaged into the through hole 4a formed in the ceiling beam 4, as shown in Figure 10; a tape 37 that can be adhesively fixed to the ceiling beam 4, as shown in Figure 11; and an axial insertion member 38 that can be inserted into a through hole 4a formed in the ceiling beam 4, as shown in Figure 11.

[0036] Here, the long plate material 31 in FIG. 3 is a long plate material that extends continuously and linearly along the ceiling beam 4, and for example, 1X4 material can be used. The long plate material 31 is attached to each of a pair of parallel ceiling beams 4. The long plate material 31 is continuously installed on and along the end of the face material 21 placed on the upper surface of the upper flange portion 15 of the ceiling beam 4. The long plate material 31, the face material 21, and the upper flange portion 15 of the ceiling beam 4 are fixed together from above with fasteners 41 such as bolts. Furthermore, a long waterproof film 42 that extends along the ceiling beam 4 may be installed between the long plate material 31 and the face material 21, and the long waterproof film 42 may be hung over the upper portion of the side of the building unit 2 to protect the upper portion of the side of the building unit 2 from rainwater.

[0037] The metal clip 32 in FIG. 5 is an elastically deformable holder having a beam clamping portion 32a on the lower side that can be clamped and fixed to the upper flange portion 15 of the ceiling beam 4, and a surface material clamping portion 32b on the upper side that can clamp and hold the periphery of the end of the surface material 21, and is, for example, approximately Z-shaped or S-shaped when viewed from the side. A plurality of metal clips 32 are installed at intervals along the ceiling beam 4. The metal clip 32 holds the surface material 21 at the position of the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 by clamping and holding the periphery of the end of the surface material 21 to the surface material clamping portion 32b while the beam clamping portion 32a is clamped and fixed to the upper flange portion 15 of the ceiling beam 4. The use of the metal clip 32 makes it easy to hold the surface material 21. It is also easy to hold the surface material 21 in a mountain shape.

[0038] The plate piece 30 in Fig. 6 is a shorter version of the long plate material 31 in Fig. 3, and like the metal clip 32 in Fig. 5, a plurality of plate pieces are installed at intervals along the ceiling beam 4. The plate pieces 30 are fixed integrally to the upper flange portion 15 of the ceiling beam 4 from above with fasteners 41 such as bolts, with the face material 21 sandwiched between them.

[0039] 7 is a member made of an elastic member such as rubber, having a tapered cone shape or a truncated cone shape. The wedge-shaped member 33 has a lower end with a smaller diameter than the through hole 4a and an upper end with a larger diameter than the through hole 4a, so that the middle portion of the wedge-shaped member 33 has a portion with the same diameter as the through hole 4a. The wedge-shaped member 33 is fixed to the through hole 4a by wedging the middle portion into the through hole 4a.

[0040] The through holes 4a are holes formed in the ceiling beam 4. For example, various through holes 4a for various purposes are formed in each part of the ceiling beam 4. Any of the through holes 4a may be used for the slippage prevention material 22, or a dedicated through hole 4a for the slippage prevention material 22 may be provided.

[0041] The string-like member 34 may be any member capable of connecting the face material 21 and the wedge-shaped member 33. The length of the string-like member 34 is set to have a margin such that the face material 21 does not shift laterally when the wedge-shaped member 33 is wedged into the through hole 4a. The string-like member 34 may be attached to the string-passing portion by, for example, passing both ends through the string-passing portions formed on the face material 21 and the wedge-shaped member 33, respectively, folding back the portions, and sewing the folded back portions to the vicinity of the ends of the string-like member 34 to form a loop. In addition to the above, the string-like member 34 may be fixed to the face material 21 or the wedge-shaped member 33 by a fastener 41 such as a screw, an adhesive, or other fixing means. The string-like member 34 may be, for example, a cloth belt.

[0042] The weight 35 in Fig. 8 is a member made of rubber, metal, or the like, that uses its weight to hold down the face material 21. The weight 35 may be of any shape as long as it can be passed through the through hole 4a. The through hole 4a may be one formed in the flange portion 15 or web portion 14 on the upper side of the ceiling beam 4. The string-like member 34 is almost the same as the wedge-like member 33. The string-like member 34 is of a length that provides a margin that prevents the face material 21 from shifting sideways when the weight 35 is passed through the through hole 4a.

[0043] The push pin type fastener 36 in FIG. 9 is a holding tool having a flat head 36a and a shaft 36b, and is substantially T-shaped in side view. The head 36a holds the surface material 21 from above, and the shaft 36b holds the surface material 21 to the ceiling beam 4. The through hole 4a is the one in the upper flange 15 of the ceiling beam 4. The head 36a may be appropriately fitted with a backing plate 36c or the like on the underside. The shaft 36b has a slightly smaller diameter than the through hole 4a, and has a retaining portion 36d at its tip that is slightly larger in diameter than the through hole 4a. The retaining portion 36d is made of rubber or soft resin so that it can be inserted into the through hole 4a by elastic deformation. The retaining portion 36d may have tapered portions at both ends to guide insertion into and removal from the through hole 4a.

[0044] 10 is a flexible, strip-shaped adhesive member. The tape 37 is attached so as to straddle between the end of the face material 21 and the web portion 14 of the ceiling beam 4.

[0045] 11 is a rod-shaped member such as a screw or a peg, which is inserted into the end of the face material 21 and passed through the through-hole 4a in the upper flange portion 15 of the ceiling beam 4 to hold the face material 21 to the ceiling beam 4. The axial insertion member 38 such as a screw or a peg has a portion (such as a flange or a bent portion) at the upper end that holds the face material 21. The screw may be fastened to the ceiling beam 4 from below with a nut.

[0046] These anti-slip materials 22 may be used alone or in appropriate combination. The anti-slip materials 22 other than the long plate material 31 are intermittently installed along the edge of the surface material 21 in a plurality of pieces, similar to the metal clips 32 and plate pieces 30.

[0047] (3) In the above, as shown in FIG. 12, the support member 23 is a colored elongated member 51 that extends in a direction parallel to the sides of the face member 21.

[0048] Here, the side of the face material 21 may be a vertical side or a horizontal side of the face material 21. The face material 21 is installed with its side oriented in the same direction as the ceiling frame constituted by the roofing board 8 and the rectangular ceiling beam 4.

[0049] The colored elongated material 51 is a colored, elongated, horizontal, square bar-shaped elevation member. The color is preferably a color that is conspicuous from the surroundings and gives workers a sense of security, for example, blue. The colored elongated material 51 has a height approximately equal to the step portion 17, a length approximately equal to the sides of the surface material 21 or the sheathing board 8, and a width that allows workers to place their feet on it. The colored elongated material 51 is installed approximately horizontally on the sheathing board 8 and parallel to the roof beams. The colored elongated material 51 is, for example, a square timber made of polystyrene foam placed in a colored bag made of the same material as the waterproof cover. The colored elongated material 51 is created to elevate the surface material 21.

[0050] The colored long material 51 is placed on the sheathing board 8, and the face material 21 is placed directly on the colored long material 51. An attachment member such as a hook-and-loop fastener 52 may be provided between the colored long material 51 and the face material 21 to enable repeated attachment and detachment. The hook-and-loop fastener 52 is attached by appropriately allocating male and female tapes to the vicinity of both ends of the top surface of the long material 51 and to the opposing position of the face material 21.

[0051] As described above, the colored elongated material 51 is provided when a worker stands on the top surface 11 of the building unit 2. In this case, by using a transparent or semi-transparent plastic cardboard 24 for the surface material 21, the colored elongated material 51 can be seen through the plastic cardboard 24. Therefore, a worker can move stably on the surface material 21 by walking on the part of the plastic cardboard 24 where the colored elongated material 51 is located.

[0052] Furthermore, anti-slip tape may be applied to the upper surface of the facing material 21. Also, colored tape may be applied to the upper surface of the facing material 21 as a marker to define the "walkable area". The colored tape is preferably a color that is conspicuous from the surroundings and has a warning function, and may be red tape, for example.

[0053] (4) In the above, as shown in FIG. 13, the support members 23 are connected to each other by flexible connecting members 61 with a gap 62 therebetween.

[0054] Here, the connecting member 61 can be a string member similar to the string-like member 34. When the connecting member 61 is a string member similar to the string-like member 34, it is preferable to provide two string members in total, at least in positions near both ends of the support member 23. It is also possible to provide three or more connecting members 61. The connecting member 61 is attached to the underside of the support member 23, or is attached by penetrating the side of the support member 23. The connecting member 61 may have a length approximately equal to the distance between the pair of ceiling beams 4, and both ends may be fixed to each ceiling beam 4 with tape 63. This makes it possible to fix the position of the support member 23 installed on the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2.

[0055] The interval 62 between the support members 23 is determined according to the strength of the face material 21, etc. The interval 62 is set to a distance that provides the strength for a worker to stand on the face material 21. It is preferable that the interval 62 is constant. Note that the interval 62 between the support members 23 is the same when they are not connected with the connecting members 61.

[0056] As a modified example, as shown in FIG. 14, the connecting member 61 can be replaced with a net member 64 instead of the string member. The net member 64 is sized and shaped so that one or more net members can cover the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2. A colored elongated material 51 may be attached to the upper surface of the net member 64, but since the net member 64 can fix the support member 23 on its surface, the support member 23 can also be a short support-like spacer 65 with a height approximately equal to that of the step portion 17. The spacers 65 are attached to the upper surface of the net member 64 in a row and columns with an appropriate interval 62 between them. The spacers 65 can be made of polystyrene foam, wood chips, plywood, or the like. The net member 64, which is made of a large number of spacers 65 attached in a row and columns, becomes a fulcrum that prevents the surface material 21 from bending by laying it on the roof board 8. The spacers 65 may be of an eye-catching color similar to that of the colored elongated material 51. The facing material 21 may be made of plastic corrugated cardboard 24 or plywood 66 or the like.

[0057] When the face material 21 is a plywood 66, a reinforcing member 67 may be attached integrally to the lower surface of the plywood 66 as shown in FIG. 15. The reinforcing member 67 is attached parallel to the sides of the face material 21. The reinforcing member 67 may be the same height as the step portion 17, or if the height of the reinforcing member 67 is insufficient, a mesh member 64 with a spacer 65 attached may be laid on the roof board 8 and the plywood 66 may be lifted from below by the spacer 65. The spacer 65 is installed in a position where it fits between the reinforcing members 67. If the height of the reinforcing member 67 is sufficient, the mesh member 64 with the spacer 65 attached is not necessary. Since the plywood 66 is opaque, the supporting member 23 (elongated member 51, spacer 65) may or may not be colored. Since the plywood 66 is stronger than the plastic corrugated board 24, there is no need to walk on the supporting member 23, so there is no problem even if the position of the supporting member 23 is not known.

[0058] Also, as shown in FIG. 16, a thick insulating material 68 may be integrally attached to the entire lower surface of the plywood 66 or the plastic corrugated board 24. The thick insulating material 68 may be a styrene board or the like. The insulating material 68 may be at the same height as the step portion 17, or if the insulating material 68 is not thick enough, a mesh member 64 with a spacer 65 attached thereto may be laid on the roof board 8 and the plywood 66 or the plastic corrugated board 24 may be raised from below by the spacer 65. In this case, the support member 23 is lower than the step portion 17 by the thickness of the insulating material 68. If the insulating material 68 is thick enough, the mesh member 64 with the spacer 65 attached thereto is not necessary.

[0059] 17 to 20, an aluminum scaffolding board 71 may be used as the surface material 21. The aluminum scaffolding board 71 is an existing construction material used for the scaffolding 26 in FIG.

[0060] As shown in FIG. 17, a plurality of aluminum scaffolding boards 71 ​​may be installed side-by-side with both ends placed on the ceiling beams 4 (upper flange portions 15).

[0061] As shown in Figure 18, multiple aluminum scaffolding boards 71 ​​may be installed side-by-side with the locking pieces 72 on both ends locked from above onto the inner edge of the ceiling beam 4 (the upper flange portion 15).

[0062] As shown in FIG. 19, the aluminum scaffolding boards 71 ​​may be arranged side-by-side in a rectangular suspension frame 73 and engaged with each other to form a sub-assembly, which may then be installed on the sheathing board 8.

[0063] In each of the above cases, as shown in Fig. 20, colored long materials 51 having a length equivalent to a multiple of the width of the aluminum scaffolding boards 71 ​​may be installed under the aluminum scaffolding boards 71 ​​so as to straddle between the multiple aluminum scaffolding boards 71. Also, pillar-like spacers 65 may be installed under the aluminum scaffolding boards 71 ​​so as to individually support each of the aluminum scaffolding boards 71. The long materials 51 and pillar-like spacers 65 may be appropriately connected by connecting members 61 such as string members or net-like members 64.

[0064] In addition to the above, as shown in Fig. 21, the surface material 21 may be a roof panel 74. The roof panel 74 is a pair of parallel roof frames 75 with a sloped roof surface material 76 attached between them, and is usually attached directly to the top surface 11 of the building unit 2 on the top floor. The roof panel 74 can be used as the surface material 21 because the roof surface material 76 has a waterproof base steel plate. The sloped roof surface material 76 functions as a drainage slope. The roof panel 74 may have a support member 23, such as a spacer 65 attached to a net member 64, installed on its underside.

[0065] In the case of an opaque surface material 21 such as the aluminum scaffolding board 71 or the roof panel 74, the support member 23 may or may not be colored, similar to the plywood 66. Since the aluminum scaffolding board 71 and the roof panel 74, like the plywood 66, are stronger than the plastic cardboard 24, there is no need to walk on the support member 23, and therefore there is no problem even if the position of the support member 23 is unknown.

[0066] In addition, the above-mentioned facing materials 21 such as the plastic cardboard 24, plywood 66, and aluminum scaffolding board 71, the long plate materials 31, the metal clips 32, the plate pieces 30, the wedge-shaped members 33, the string-shaped members 34, the weights 35, the push-pin type fasteners 36, the tape 37, and the anti-slip members 22 such as the axial insertion members 38, the colored long members 51, the support members 23 such as the pillar-shaped spacers 65, and the connecting members 61 such as the string members and the mesh members 64, and other components can be used in any suitable combination.

[0067] <Functions and Effects> The functions and effects of this embodiment are as follows.

[0068] (Effect 1) The top surface 11 of the building unit 2 has a stepped shape with the inner portion 13 lower than the peripheral portion 12. Therefore, if a waterproof cover is placed directly on the stepped top surface 11 of the building unit 2 during rainfall, rainwater will collect in the lowered inner portion 13, forming a puddle. Since puddles pose a risk of water leaking into the interior of the building unit 2, it is necessary to prevent the formation of puddles.

[0069] Therefore, by installing the facing material 21 on the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2, the facing material 21 can cover the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 from above, making the entire surface flat at the same height as the peripheral portion 12 or slightly higher than the peripheral portion 12. The facing material 21 is not dented by the weight of rainwater, so rainwater pools can be prevented from forming on the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2. At this time, by providing the slippage prevention material 22, the slippage prevention material 22 prevents the facing material 21 from slipping sideways relative to the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2, and the facing material 21 can be stably held on the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2. Furthermore, by providing the support member 23, the support member 23 stably supports the facing material 21 above the inner portion 13.

[0070] (Effect 2) The anti-slip material 22 may be one or more of a long plate material 31 extending along the ceiling beam 4 that constitutes the peripheral portion 12 of the building unit 2, as shown in Figure 3; a metal clip 32 that can be clamped and held to the ceiling beam 4, as shown in Figure 5; a plate piece 30 that can be attached to the ceiling beam 4, as shown in Figure 6; a wedge-shaped member 33 that can be inserted and fixed into a through hole 4a formed in the ceiling beam 4, as shown in Figure 7, and a string-shaped member 34 that connects the surface material 21 and the wedge-shaped member 33, as shown in Figure 7; a weight 35 that can pass through the through hole 4a, as shown in Figure 8, and a string-shaped member 34 that connects the surface material 21 and the weight 35, as shown in Figure 9; a push-pin type fastener 36 (push pin) that can be inserted and engaged in the through hole 4a, as shown in Figure 9; a tape 37 that can be adhesively fixed to the ceiling beam 4, as shown in Figure 10; and an axial insertion member 38 that can be inserted into the through hole 4a, as shown in Figure 11. As a result, the anti-slip material 22 having a simple structure can reliably prevent the face material 21 from slipping laterally.

[0071] (Effect 3) The support members 23 may be colored elongated members 51 extending in a direction parallel to the sides of the face material 21. This allows the support members 23 to be easily installed by simply arranging the elongated members 51 parallel to the sides of the face material 21 on the inner portion 13 of the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2, and allows the support members 23 to stably support each part of the face material 21. This makes it possible for workers to stand on the face material 21. Since the colored elongated members 51 are easy to see, if the face material 21 is made of transparent or translucent plastic cardboard 24, the position of the colored elongated members 51 can be seen through the face material 21, and therefore workers can stand stably on the face material 21 by standing on the colored elongated members 51.

[0072] (Function and Effect 4) The support members 23 may be connected to each other with a gap 62 by flexible connecting members 61. In this way, the support members 23 are connected and integrated by the connecting members 61. The support members 23 can be easily and reliably spread over the inner part 13 of the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 to have the above-mentioned gap 62 by using the connecting members 61. The work of spreading the support members 23 is performed in a factory or the like before shipping to the construction site. Conversely, the support members 23 can be pulled over the inner part 13 of the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 by pulling the connecting members 61, and can be easily bundled or tied together. The work of bundling the support members 23 is performed after the building unit 2 is installed at the construction site.

[0073] Specifically, when the support members 23 are spread on the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2, the support members 23 in a small bundled or tied state are temporarily placed on the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2. Next, one end of the connecting member 61 is fixed to one of the ceiling beams 4 with tape 63. In this state, the other end of the connecting member 61 is pulled toward the other ceiling beam 4. Then, the support members 23 are spread to the above-mentioned interval 62. Then, the other end of the connecting member 61 is fixed to the other ceiling beam 4 with tape 63. Thereafter, the face materials 21 are placed on the support members 23 in a line with no gaps, and the face materials 21 are fixed in position on the upper surface 11 of the building unit 2 with the slip prevention material 22. The face materials 21 may be installed on the support members 23 by extending them from a folded state.

[0074] Conversely, when bundling the support members 23 on the top surface 11 of the building unit 2, the slip prevention material 22 is removed, the surface material 21 is folded, and removed from above the support members 23. Next, the tapes 63 on one end and the other end of the connecting member 61 are peeled off from one and the other ceiling beams 4, and one or the other end of the connecting member 61 is pulled. As a result, the support members 23 are pulled toward the side that is pulled, so that the interval 62 is shortened and the support members 23 are bundled together in one place by approaching each other. The bundled support members 23 are then tied together. Then, the folded surface material 21 and the bundled support members 23 are lowered to the ground from the top surface 11 of the building unit 2 and collected. The folded surface material 21 and the bundled support members 23 can be reused any number of times. [Explanation of symbols]

[0075] 2 Building Units 4. Ceiling beams 4a through hole 11 Top side 12 Periphery 13 Inner part 21 Surface material 22 Anti-slip material 23 Support member 30 board pieces 31 Long board material 32 Metal Clip 33 Wedge-shaped member 34 Cord-like member 35 Weight 36 Push pin type fastener 37 Tape 38 Axial-shaped insert member 51 Long material 61 Connecting member 62 interval

Claims

1. A building unit upper surface raising structure characterized in that a panel is installed on the upper surface of a building unit having a step-like shape with the inner portion lower than the peripheral portion, covering the entire upper surface of the building unit to create a flat surface at the same height as the peripheral portion or slightly higher than the peripheral portion, and the structure is provided with at least one of a slip prevention material that prevents the panel from slipping laterally against the upper surface of the building unit, and a plurality of support members that support the panel above the inner portion.

2. 2. The upper surface elevation structure of claim 1, The anti-slip material is one or more of a long plate extending along the ceiling beam that constitutes the peripheral portion of the building unit, a metal clip that can be clamped and held to the ceiling beam, a plate piece that can be attached to the ceiling beam, a wedge-shaped member that can be inserted and fixed into a through hole formed in the ceiling beam, and a string-shaped member connecting the face material and the wedge-shaped member, a weight that can pass through the through hole, and a string-shaped member connecting the face material and the weight, a push pin-type fastener that can be inserted and engaged into the through hole, a tape that can be adhesively fixed to the ceiling beam, and an axial-shaped insertion member that can be inserted into the through hole.

3. The upper surface elevation structure of the building unit according to claim 1 or 2, A structure for raising the upper surface of a building unit, characterized in that the support member is a colored, elongated material extending in a direction parallel to the sides of the face material.

4. The upper surface elevation structure of the building unit according to claim 3, A building unit upper surface elevated structure characterized in that the support members are connected to each other at intervals by flexible connecting members.

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