Method for evaluating carbon neutral effect owing to economic activity

Abstract

To provide a method for evaluating carbon neutral effects owing to economic activities.SOLUTION: The present invention includes: means for creating item codes in an industry association table and a list of transaction amounts of the item codes (a list of codes and transaction amounts) from financial data retained by economic entities such as enterprises and municipalities conducting economic activities; means for creating a CO2 (emission) basic unit list; means for obtaining CO2 derivatives from the list of codes and transaction amounts and the CO2 basic unit list; means for obtaining direct and indirect CO2 from the list of codes and transaction amounts and data of CO2 generation using fuel and the like; means for obtaining CO2 subtraction from the list of codes and transaction amounts, industry association statistic material amount slip data, and a scrap value list; and means for obtaining CO2 absorption from the list of codes and transaction amounts, the industry association statistic material amount slip data, and biomass CO2 absorption data. The present invention is a CO2 environmental load calculation method in which a CO2 environmental load owing to economic activities of economic entities is given by<CO2 derivatives+direct and indirect CO2-CO2 subtraction-CO2 absorption>.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for calculating the environmental load, particularly the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), generated by economic entities such as companies and local governments. [Background technology]

[0002] According to the special report (Global Warming of 1.5°C) published by the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) in 2018, the world's average temperature has risen by about 1°C since the Industrial Revolution. This phenomenon is said to be due to global warming, which is caused by the release of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by human activities into the atmosphere. Global warming can have a serious impact on human activities by causing the reduction of glaciers in the Arctic and Antarctic, rising sea levels, and abnormal weather, leading to an increase in famine and various infectious diseases. Therefore, in response to global warming, efforts to achieve carbon neutrality, such as decarbonization, are accelerating worldwide. Companies are being asked by governments, investors, business partners, consumers, and others to take steps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. On the other hand, an increasing number of companies are considering efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions as a new business opportunity. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0003] [Non-Patent Document 1] Japan Electrical Manufacturers' Association (LC-CO2) Simple Calculation Method for Emissions. URL: www.jema-net.or.jp / Japanese / env / 02_LCA_tools / index.html Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the conventional content that shows the carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by the economic activities of companies (companies, business establishments) and households (businesses, etc.), and shows the CO2 emissions by the conventional supply chain. CO2 emitted directly by companies, etc. themselves (directly generated CO2) is, for example, when companies, etc. carry out their activities by burning fuel or using electricity. Companies, etc. also purchase raw materials, etc., and emit CO2 when they produce the raw materials. There is also CO2 emitted in conjunction with the delivery and transportation of raw materials used by companies, etc. Furthermore, there is also CO2 emitted by transportation means such as trains and cars that employees, etc. use when commuting to work. These are called CO2 emitted upstream (production (manufacturing) of things purchased (procured) by companies, etc.) ((upstream) spillover (derived) CO2). There is also CO2 emitted downstream (products produced by companies, etc., where those products are used, etc.) ((downstream) spillover (derived) CO2). Furthermore, in addition to the products that companies produce and sell, there is also CO2 emitted by items that they discard, which is called (downstream) spillover (derived) CO2. Conventional CO2 emissions from economic activities in supply chains are calculated only considering the direct derived CO2 and (upstream / downstream) spillover (derived) CO2 mentioned above (Figure 7), so the effect of reducing CO2 is unclear, and there is a problem that it is insufficient to achieve carbon neutrality. In addition, parts, materials, and raw materials derived from plants and biomass, which companies are actively engaged in, are not taken into account. Furthermore, recycling and reuse are not taken into account. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The present invention provides a method for evaluating the carbon neutral effect of economic activities, and specifically has the following features. (1) The present invention is a method for calculating the CO2 environmental load caused by the economic activities of an economic entity, comprising: means for creating a list of item codes in an input-output table and the transaction amounts of those item codes (referred to as a code-transaction amount list) from financial data held by economic entities such as companies and local governments engaged in economic activities; means for creating a list of CO2 (emissions) intensity units; means for calculating derived CO2 from the code-transaction amount list and the CO2 intensity unit list; means for calculating direct and indirect CO2 from the code-transaction amount list and CO2 generation data for fuel, etc.; means for calculating deduction CO2 from the code-transaction amount list, input-output statistical quantity sheet data, and a scrap value list; and means for calculating absorbed CO2 from the code-transaction amount list, input-output statistical quantity sheet data, and biomass CO2 absorption data, wherein the CO2 environmental load caused by the economic activities of the economic entity is given by <derived CO2 + direct and indirect CO2 - deduction CO2 - absorbed CO2>.

[0006] (2) In addition to (1), the means for determining absorbed CO2 from the code / transaction amount list, input-output statistical quantity sheet data, and biomass CO2 absorption data is a means for linking by a computer a plant CO2 absorption dictionary list in which CO2 absorption data for various biomasses is recorded and a code / transaction amount list through code matching, performing a CO2 absorption calculation using a computer, and calculating absorbed CO2 (amount) as <amount of biomass (plant) x biomass (plant) absorbed CO2 data>, and / or the means for determining deduction CO2 from the code / transaction amount list, input-output statistical quantity sheet data, and scrap value list is a means for extracting data for various scraps from their codes and code / transaction amount lists through code matching, performing a deduction CO2 calculation, and calculating <deduction CO2 (amount) as scrap value list x scrap amount x CO2 intensity from input-output data of raw materials equivalent to scrap>.

[0007] (3) In addition to (1) or (2), the present invention is characterized in that the means for creating a list of commodity codes and transaction amounts of commodity codes in an input-output table from the financial data 11 (referred to as a code-transaction amount list) is a means for comparing items in the financial data, etc. with items in an input-output code collection by a computer to create a comparison table, and further for comparing item-transaction amount data obtained from the financial data with the comparison table by a computer to check for item matches, thereby creating a code-transaction amount list 21; and / or the means for creating the CO2 (emission) intensity list is a means for comparing 3EID (Embodied Energy and Emission Intensity Data: Environmental Load Intensity Data Book from Input-Output Tables by the National Institute for Environmental Studies), which contains environmental load intensity data, with commodity codes listed in the code transaction amount list by a computer, thereby creating a CO2 intensity list corresponding to the commodity codes.

[0008] (4) In addition to (1), (2), or (3), the present invention is characterized in that the means for determining derived CO2 from the code / transaction amount list and the CO2 intensity list is to use a computer to match the code / transaction amount list with the CO2 intensity list by code agreement and calculate (transaction amount or amount of input substance) x CO2 intensity, and the means for determining direct and indirect CO2 from the code / transaction amount list and CO2 generation data for fuel, etc. is to use a computer to match the code / transaction amount list with the CO2 generation data for fuel, etc. by code agreement and calculate (transaction amount or amount of input substance) x CO2 intensity. Effect of the Invention

[0009] Since the activities of companies and the like are, in the end, economic activities, the contents of most of the economic activities are reflected in financial data. Therefore, the environmental load caused by the activities of companies and the like can be interpreted from the financial data. The evaluation method of the carbon neutral effect of economic activities of the present invention estimates almost all environmental loads from financial data created by economic entities. In particular, the evaluation method of the present invention estimates deductible CO2 and absorbed CO2 in addition to derived CO2 and direct and indirect CO2, providing a more practical and accurate environmental load. Furthermore, the evaluation method of the present invention can instantly calculate the environmental load using a computer if financial data is given, so that it is possible to concretely grasp in numbers what economic activities of companies and the like are causing a large environmental load, and what economic activities can be carried out to reduce the environmental load. Therefore, it is useful for constructing a future vision of companies and the like to reduce the environmental load and realize a carbon-neutral society in particular. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the flow of a method for evaluating the carbon neutral effect of economic activity. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the financial extraction dictionary list. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the code-transaction amount list and the reference list. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the detailed item basic unit load dictionary list B and an example of the environmental derived load calculation list created using the dictionary list B. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of CO2 emissions within economic activity. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing CO2 emissions from the supply chain of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing CO2 emissions from a conventional supply chain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] The present invention provides a means for calculating the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) generated by economic entities such as companies and local governments, using financial databases held by those economic entities. In the present invention, when each economic entity undertakes recycling-oriented initiatives such as the regeneration and reuse of energy and resources and uses or provides recycled materials, the total amount of CO2 generated decreases, and the contribution to CO2 generation suppression can be calculated from the degree of reduction. In addition, in the present invention, when CO2 is absorbed or fixed in nature-symbiotic economic activities, the contribution to CO2 generation suppression can also be calculated. Therefore, the present invention can be said to be a method for evaluating the carbon-neutral effect of economic activities.

[0012] Figure 1 is a diagram showing the flow of a method for evaluating the carbon neutral effect of economic activities of companies, etc., specifically, a flow diagram showing the means for calculating the amount of CO2 generated by economic activities of companies, etc. From the financial data 11 of economic entities created by the company, a target period is determined, and the purchase of goods and energy during that period, as well as outsourcing and services related to the production and processing of products and generated materials, are targeted, and the items and summaries are used as keys and transaction amounts are extracted (12) as elements to create item transaction amount data 13, which is a dictionary-type two-dimensional list. This is also called financial extraction dictionary list A. Financial extraction dictionary list A is represented by item and transaction amount data.

[0013] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a financial extraction dictionary list. The financial extraction dictionary list is divided into a financial input dictionary list related to inputs and a financial output dictionary list related to outputs. FIG. 2(a) is an example of the financial extraction dictionary list, FIG. 2(b) is an example of the financial input dictionary list, and FIG. 2(c) is an example of the financial output dictionary list. The financial extraction dictionary list includes the manufacturing location, target period, item name, customer, and transaction amount.

[0014] Data is prepared based on information on environmental load units such as CO2 emissions for each unit (weight, etc.) of goods and services, obtained from calculations based on existing databases or statistical information. Each country has codes that cover the entire industry for industrial statistics; for example, in Japan, this corresponds to the detailed codes in the input-output table. As shown in Figure 1, a target table 15 is created from the code collection (input-output code collection) 14 of the input-output table, and a matching item is checked (16) against the item and transaction amount data 13, which is the financial extraction dictionary list A, to create a code and transaction amount list 21. In other words, the code and transaction amount list 21 associates codes with materials used and consumed in industries such as companies, factories, and homes.

[0015] More specifically, a comparison table 15 is created that matches codes for items related to the financial data 11 or commodity / transaction value data 13 from the input-output code collection 14. This comparison table 15 is created by computer-based comparison of items in the financial data 11, etc. with items in the input-output code collection 14. The comparison table 15 is also called the reference preliminary list E. Note that the items listed in the financial data 11 change from year to year, but if items from past financial data and items expected to be newly listed in the future are included in the reference preliminary list E, it will no longer be necessary to computer-based comparison of items between the financial data 11 and the input-output code collection 14 each year. In this case, the reference preliminary list E becomes the reference list D.

[0016] Next, using the comparison table 15, which is the preliminary reference list E, the computer checks for item matches with the item and transaction amount data 13, which is the financial extraction dictionary list A (16), and creates a code and transaction amount list 21. In this comparison process, if the item and transaction amount data 13, which is the financial extraction dictionary list A, does not match the items in the comparison table 15, which is the preliminary reference list E, a similar code search 17 is performed, and if the code is similar, it is incorporated into the code and transaction amount list 21, which is the reference list D. Furthermore, if the code is not found even after this similar code search 17, manual code input 18 is performed, and the code is incorporated into the code and transaction amount list 21, which is the reference list D. When manual code input 18 is performed, the information is added to the comparison table 15 (23), and further (machine) learning 24 is performed by the computer, and is reflected in the code co-occurrence modeling 20.

[0017] Since not all items in the financial extraction dictionary list are also included in the input-output code collection, code co-occurrence modeling 20 is used when performing (machine) learning 24 as described above. That is, the information obtained by machine learning 24 is incorporated, and code co-occurrence modeling 20 is performed on the input-output code collection 14 using an existing language vectorization model 19 to create an integrated model 22. The integrated model 22 is reflected in the similar code search 17. The existing language vectorization model and code co-occurrence modeling and combination model are used in order to convert the words used into vectors and quantify the relationships with other words to obtain the degree of similarity. Here, the existing language vectorization model is obtained by vectorizing each of the big data of currently used sentences.

[0018] Code co-occurrence modeling vectorizes the corresponding items from the codes used in the input-output table and their corresponding item term explanations using a method similar to existing language vectorization, and the relationship between the input-output table code and the corresponding item term is added and learned from the input experience. The combined model is a calculation model that performs vector similarity calculations on the vectorized corresponding item term and the item input as an item, finds the corresponding item term that has similarity to the input item, and obtains the input-output table code of the corresponding item term. In this integrated model 22, the keys of the financial extraction dictionary list A and the keys (codes) of the input-output code collection 14 are associated with each other, and a reference list D is created. The reference list D has the keys of the financial extraction dictionary list A and the corresponding keys (codes) of the input-output code collection 14 as elements, and the keys of the financial extraction dictionary list A always appear only once.

[0019] The "item name" and other keys in the Financial Extraction Dictionary List A are used within the economic entity, and are not necessarily the same as the detailed items in the input-output industry, because the perspective is different. Reference List D uniquely associates "item names" with "detailed names". Reference List D is generated by fuzzy search and machine learning. To this end, a preliminary reference list E is created to assist in this calculation. The preliminary reference list E is operated by a system that presents the results of a fuzzy search for each "item name" to the person performing the calculation and allows them to select, and the selection result is reflected in Reference List D, and the system serves as a teaching course for machine learning. Fuzzy searches can be performed using any of the three methods, such as the traditional fuzzy search, a generative AI, or a search based on the results of previous machine learning, or a combination of these. If machine learning progresses and the accuracy of fuzzy searches improves, there will be a stage where it will no longer be necessary to use the preliminary reference list E. On the other hand, if the person performing the calculation is highly skilled at associating, the association can be used as is in Reference List D, and if all the items in the Financial Extraction Dictionary List A can be coded in the reference list, it may become unnecessary to use the preliminary reference list E.

[0020] Similar code search 17 involves extracting items in the input-output code collection 14 that are likely to correspond to an item in the financial extraction dictionary list A (item and transaction amount data 13) that is not listed in the input-output code collection 14 (reflected in comparison table 15) (searching and extracting by computer, and creating an integrated model 22 with the code co-occurrence model 20 using an existing language vectorization model 19 at this time), and selecting the corresponding item from among them. Therefore, if items listed in the input-output code collection 14 are entered when creating financial data 11, this task can be omitted.

[0021] If there is no corresponding item in the list found by searching for similar codes 17, the code is manually entered 18. This process can involve matching a similar item, or there being no similar item at all. When matching a similar item, there is no problem as a code already exists, but when there is no similar item at all, a new, unique code must be created. In that case, data such as CO2 intensity must also be set for the new item. In this way, the present invention can code items that are not included in the input-output table, making it possible to perform CO2 evaluation of financial data using only a computer.

[0022] FIG. 3 shows an example of the code / transaction amount list and the reference list. FIG. 3(a) shows the code / transaction amount list, and FIG. 3(b) shows the reference list. The reference list (D shown in FIG. 1) or the preliminary reference list (E shown in FIG. 1) shown in FIG. 3(b) is created by using a computer to check and extract the codes from the input-output code collection 14 for the items listed in the financial extraction dictionary list (A shown in FIG. 1) shown in FIG. 2(a), and the codes for the item names are shown. That is, the reference list (D shown in FIG. 1) shown in FIG. 3(b) is created by using a computer to check the correspondence between the financial extraction dictionary list (A shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2(a)) and the input-output code collection (14 shown in FIG. 1), and the codes for the item names are shown. The code / transaction amount list shown in FIG. 3(a) is obtained from this reference list or preliminary reference list and the financial extraction dictionary list shown in FIG. 2. That is, the code / transaction amount list shown in Figure 3(a) (21 shown in Figure 1) is created by applying the reference list to the financial extraction dictionary list, and listing the codes in the input-output table that correspond to the items in the financial extraction dictionary list. The code / transaction amount list lists the codes, business partners, transaction amounts, etc. associated with the items. The reason why no codes are assigned to scrap here is because there are no suitable codes for scrap in the input-output code collection. New codes can be assigned by performing a similar code search 17 or manually entering codes 18.

[0023] Next, we will consider the generation of CO2 within economic activities. As mentioned above, each country has prepared a code that covers the entire industry for industrial statistics, and in Japan, this corresponds to the detailed code of the input-output table (Industry Relations Code Collection 14). Using the detailed code as a key for the environmental load value for each of the various items listed in this Input-Output Code Collection 14, a dictionary list with environmental load intensity and its units as elements is created using a computer or other device. This is called Comprehensive Detailed Intensity Load Dictionary List B. Note that Comprehensive Detailed Intensity Load Dictionary List B can provide environmental loads for all comprehensive details through input-output calculations using input-output tables and industrial statistics. There is also no problem with replacing the environmental load and units for each detail with values ​​from other databases, etc.

[0024] In the case of the environmental load being CO2, data (fuel use CO2 generation data 26) based on information in which the environmental load intensity such as CO2 generation is organized for each unit (weight, etc.) of goods and services obtained from calculations based on existing databases or statistical information is prepared. Based on these fuel use CO2 generation data 26 and input-output statistical data 25, 3EID (Embodied Energy and Emission Intensity Data: Environmental Load Intensity Data Book from Input-Output Tables by the National Institute for Environmental Studies) 28, which contains the environmental load intensity, has been created. Since a CO2 intensity list corresponding to various commodity codes can be created from this 3EID, a computer can be used to extract necessary items from the 3EID, and a computer can be used to collate the commodity codes listed in the code transaction amount list 21 to create a CO2 intensity list 27 for the commodities listed in the code transaction amount list 21. This CO2 intensity list 27 is a type of comprehensive detailed intensity load dictionary list B. In this way, this CO2 intensity list 27 allows the calculation of the CO2 intensity for all commodities with commodity codes listed in the input-output table. Therefore, by computer-collating the codes corresponding to the item codes listed in the code transaction amount list 21 from the 3EID, a list of CO2 intensity units including all items used in this process can be created.

[0025] The CO2 intensity is calculated based on fuel use CO2 emissions data 26, which is easily affected by economic fluctuations and is updated approximately every 10 years, and the intensity calculation to obtain the "CO2 intensity list" 27 is calculated per commodity price at the time the "input-output statistical data" 25 was created. Therefore, it is necessary to correct it to the current price, and to do so, a price adjustment calculation is incorporated. In other words, the CO2 intensity (list) 27 is price adjusted 30 based on the latest price data 29. The latest price data 29 that is the basis for the price adjustment calculation includes the "Bank of Japan time series statistical data." This price adjustment can also be performed using a computer.

[0026] The keys of the comprehensive detailed unit load dictionary list B are associated with the keys of the financial extraction dictionary list A to create an environmental derived load calculation list C. A reference list D is created to associate the keys of the financial extraction dictionary list A with the keys of the comprehensive detailed load dictionary list B. The reference list D has the keys of the financial extraction dictionary list A and the corresponding keys of the comprehensive detailed load dictionary list B as elements, and the keys of the financial extraction dictionary list A always appear only once. That is, the objects are separated into derived (influence), direct (indirect), and deduction from the code transaction amount list 21 created by applying the reference list D to the financial extraction dictionary list A, and the derived items are collated by code matching with the CO2 unit list 27, which is the comprehensive detailed unit load dictionary list B, to create an environmental derived load calculation list C, and a derived CO2 calculation 31 is performed to obtain the derived CO2 (amount) 32 (for example, (transaction amount or amount of input material) x CO2 unit)

[0027] FIG. 4 shows an example of the comprehensive detailed unit load dictionary list B and the environmental derived load calculation list created using it. FIG. 4(a) is an example of the comprehensive detailed unit load dictionary list B corresponding to the CO2 unit load list 27. In this CO2 unit load list 27, the CO2 unit load is calculated for all items of item codes listed in the input-output table. As described above, a CO2 unit load list for all items used in this process can be created by computer-collating the codes corresponding to the item codes listed in the code transaction amount list 21 from the 3EID. FIG. 4(b) is an example of the environmental derived load calculation list, and FIG. 4(c) is an example of the reference list. In the comprehensive detailed unit load dictionary list, codes are assigned to various items, and the CO2 unit load is listed for each item.

[0028] When an item match check is performed using the comprehensive detailed unit load dictionary list on the financial extraction dictionary list shown in Figure 2(a), none of them match exactly, but when the reference list is used in addition, a comprehensive detailed unit load dictionary list shown in Figure 4(a) can be created. A nearly complete comprehensive detailed unit load dictionary list can be created by first performing an item match check (exact match search) using a computer, and then performing a similar code search using the reference list. The comprehensive detailed unit load dictionary list (Figure 4(a)) shows the code, detailed item (item) name, and CO2 intensity, and allows you to understand the code and CO2 intensity for various items (details). The CO2 intensity is expressed as the amount of CO2 generated (or consumed) (kg) per unit (kg). This is also called the CO2 (generation or consumption) coefficient. The environmental derived load calculation list Figure 4(b) shows the transaction amount and the derived CO2 (amount) calculated from it.

[0029] In conventional LCA and other environmental load calculations, direct data acquisition along elemental processes and facilities is required in the area known as foreground data, and allocation to elemental processes as the physical amount of raw materials and fuels is required, but for substances such as CO2 that have little dependency on elemental processes, the amount generated can be calculated based on the raw material and fuel material composition. Therefore, by using the numerical value of the raw material and fuel composition for the entire economic activity unit without allocating raw materials and fuels to elemental processes, it is possible to calculate the amount of CO2 generated within economic activities using financial information, i.e., Financial Extraction Dictionary List A (Item and Transaction Amount Data 13), without requiring new information such as allocation between elemental processes.

[0030] For this purpose, a dictionary list that associates raw fuel constituent substances with CO2 generation (amount) is required. Since the conversion value can be obtained from existing knowledge such as stoichiometric calculation, a chemical CO2 calculation dictionary list F is created and possessed, using the conversion value as an element and using the detailed code as a key, and similarly to the aforementioned environmental derived load calculation list C, the financial extraction dictionary list A and the chemical CO2 calculation dictionary list F are associated with each other using the reference list D to create the environmental direct and indirect load calculation list G. That is, in FIG. 1, the financial extraction dictionary list A and the chemical CO2 calculation dictionary list F are associated with each other using the code and transaction amount list 21 obtained using the reference list D from the fuel etc. use CO2 generation (amount) data 26 (this association is made by searching for items with matching item codes using a computer), and the environmental direct and indirect load calculation list G is created, and the direct and indirect CO2 calculation 34 is performed by a computer, and direct and indirect CO2 (amount) < (transaction amount or amount of input material) x CO2 intensity> 35 is obtained.

[0031] Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of CO2 generation within economic activity. Fig. 5(a) shows an example of the environmental direct and indirect load calculation list G. Here, the items are fuel (gasoline) and electricity (electricity), and their respective codes, transaction amounts, CO2 intensity, and derived CO2 (amount of input material x CO2 intensity or transaction amount x CO2 intensity) are shown. Fig. 5(b) shows an example of the chemical CO2 calculation dictionary list F. Note that the electricity portion may be extracted from the environmental direct and indirect load calculation list, and the electricity portion may be treated as the environmental indirect load calculation list, and the rest as the environmental direct load calculation list.

[0032] We will consider the effect of reducing CO2 generated in social activities, that is, the contribution to reducing CO2 generation. This includes deductions from substitution of virgin materials and products by providing recycled materials and products, and CO2 absorption and fixation in nature-friendly economic activities. First, we will consider CO2 absorption and fixation in nature-friendly economic activities. If there is consumption or use of materials derived from plants or biomass in economic activities, they have absorbed and fixed CO2, so these amounts must be deducted from the energy and CO2 consumed in the economic activities. If the process of cultivating plants is included and the products are provided, the CO2 fixed in the products is calculated and used as the contribution to reduced emissions. To do this, we will create a plant CO2 absorption dictionary list H, which is a dictionary list that associates the amount of plant cultivation products with CO2 absorption.

[0033] The plant CO2 absorption dictionary list H is created by using the relevant detailed code as a key, obtaining the amount of carbon absorbed and contained in the relevant product from publicly available information and converting it into CO2 per unit. At this time, the input-output statistical quantity sheet data 33 is also applied to match the commodity code. As with the environmental derived load calculation list C described above, the financial extraction dictionary list A and the plant CO2 absorption dictionary list H are linked by the reference list D to create the CO2 absorption calculation (dictionary) list I. That is, in FIG. 1, the plant CO2 absorption dictionary list H is created from the biomass CO2 absorption data 36. The plant CO2 absorption dictionary list H is a table in which the codes and CO2 absorption data for various biomasses are listed. The plant CO2 absorption dictionary list H and the code / transaction amount list 21 created using the reference list D are linked by code matching by a computer, and the CO2 absorption calculation 37 is performed by a computer, and the absorbed CO2 (amount) (amount of biomass (plants) x biomass (plants) absorbed CO2 data) 38 is obtained. FIG. 5(d) shows an example of the plant (biomass) CO2 absorption dictionary list H.

[0034] Next, we consider the contribution of the provision of recycled products to reduce CO2 emissions. First, create a circular contribution deduction rate list J. The circular contribution deduction rate list J is a list of items that the worker considers to be circular products among the items provided, and consists of item names (including item codes) and deduction rates as elements. There are cases where the target recycled products can directly replace virgin products, and cases where the recycled products provide intermediate circular materials that lead to replaceable products. When the target recycled products can directly replace virgin products, the deduction rate for the provided items of recycled products is 1. In the case of intermediate raw materials that do not lead to replacement, the deduction rate is the intermediate raw material value expressed as a value between 1 and 0, with 1 being equivalent to a virgin product and 0 being unusable. In other words, the deduction rate for the provided items of recycled products is an index (ratio) that indicates the extent to which the recycled products have been returned to products. Here, returned products include not only the original products but also other products.

[0035] The intermediate raw material value can be a physical value, a component value, or an economic value. As with the environmental derived load calculation list C described above, when linking the financial extraction dictionary list A and the comprehensive detailed unit load dictionary list C with the reference list D, the circular contribution deduction rate list J is added to the items that match the items in the financial extraction dictionary list A to create the deduction calculation list K. In other words, in Figure 1, when linking the financial extraction dictionary list A and the comprehensive detailed unit load dictionary list B (obtained from the input-output statistical commodity data) with the code and transaction amount list 21 created using the reference list D, the circular contribution deduction rate list J, the SCRAP value list 39, is added to the items that match the items in the item and transaction amount data 13, which is the financial extraction dictionary list A, to create the deduction calculation list K. The SCRAP value list 39 is the relative value of scrap to virgin materials, and indicates how much value the scrap (waste) has when it is recovered. In terms of CO2, this shows the amount of CO2 reduction from the recovered scrap, and is the amount of CO2 reduction per unit amount of scrap. A computer is used to extract data by matching the codes and perform a CO2 deduction calculation 40, from which the CO2 deduction (amount) 41 (relative value of scrap to virgin materials x amount of scrap x CO2 intensity from the input-output data of raw materials equivalent to scrap) is obtained. An example of the circular contribution deduction rate list J is shown in Figure 5(c).

[0036] Here, we consider the value of intermediate raw materials. As mentioned above, the value of intermediate raw materials can be physical value, compositional value, or economic value. The physical value can be a comparison of physical properties (such as strength and lifespan) that match the intended use with virgin material as a standard. The compositional value can be expressed as the reciprocal of the amount of virgin material required to dilute impurities, which are deterioration factors, in order to make the material's characteristics substitutable with virgin material. The economic value is the ratio of the price to virgin material. Since the virgin price, which is the basis for economic value, fluctuates, it is preferable to automatically obtain virgin material prices published on the Web by data scraping and use them as reference prices.

[0037] Next, the environmental load is calculated based on the operation list described so far. (Operation list and environmental load calculation result) For each of the sub-list elements of the environmental derived load operation list C, the environmental direct load operation list G, the environmental indirect load operation list G, the CO2 absorption operation list I, and the deduction operation list K, a value is obtained from the transaction amount, average unit price, and unit cost, which are also elements thereof, according to the relationship of <environmental load = (transaction amount / average unit price) × unit cost>, and this is used as the value of the environmental load element of each sub-list element. Here, when the price of the item being handled is significantly different from the average unit price, the average unit price may be corrected according to the item price.

[0038] Once values are assigned to all the environmental load elements, the sum of the values of the environmental load is taken for each operation list. The sum of the values of the environmental load of the environmental direct load operation list is the direct emission environmental load. The sum of the values of the environmental load of the environmental indirect load operation list is the indirect emission environmental load. The sum of the values of the environmental load of the environmental derived load operation list is the derived environmental load. The sum of the values of the environmental load of the CO2 absorption operation list I is the CO2 absorption contribution. The sum of the values of the environmental load of the deduction operation list is the CO2 reduction contribution deduction. From these, <total environmental load> = <direct emission environmental load> + <indirect emission environmental load> + <derived environmental load> - <CO2 absorption contribution> - <CO2 reduction contribution deduction>. In other words, the net amount of CO2 = <impact (derived) CO2 amount> + <direct and indirect CO2 amount> - <absorbed CO2 amount> - <deducted CO2 amount>. Here, "indirect" is due to power consumption, and "derived" is due to transportation and the previous supply chain, etc. Thus, the <total environmental load> of the present invention is excellent in that it realizes a more practical environmental load amount by considering (adding) recycling deduction and absorption.

[0039] So far, the method of estimating the environmental load generated by economic entities such as companies (method of evaluating the carbon neutral effect of economic activities) of the present invention has been explained in detail. A simple diagram of this is shown in FIG. 6. That is, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the contents of the present invention that shows carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by the economic activities of companies (companies, business establishments) and households (companies, etc.), and shows CO2 emissions by the supply chain of the present invention. Conventionally, as already shown in FIG. 7, attention has been paid only to CO2 generated by economic activities. That is, the ripple (derived) (upstream) CO2 generated at the time of purchase (upstream), the direct CO2 generated by companies, etc. (companies, business establishments, households, etc.), and the ripple (derived) (downstream) CO2 generated at the time of disposal (downstream). In recent economic activities of companies, etc., efforts to reduce CO2 and achieve carbon neutrality are being actively carried out, so it is necessary to accurately evaluate these reduction efforts. That is, when using raw materials and parts derived from plants or biomass, companies, etc. must consider the absorption and fixation of CO2. The present invention takes all of these factors into consideration and incorporates them into the environmental load as absorbed and fixed (directly reduced) CO2. In addition, with regard to things emitted as a result of economic activities by companies and the like, waste is kept to a minimum, and reuse and recycling are actively undertaken. For example, reuse involves using things as alternative products, and recycling involves using things as raw materials (recycled raw materials). These cases also have a large effect on reducing CO2, so they must be accurately estimated. The present invention takes all of these factors into consideration and incorporates them into the environmental load as deductible CO2.

[0040] Since the activities of companies and the like are, in the end, economic activities, the contents of most of the economic activities are reflected in financial data. Therefore, the environmental load caused by the activities of companies and the like can be read from the financial data. The method for evaluating the carbon neutral effect of economic activities of the present invention estimates almost all environmental loads from financial data created by economic entities. In particular, the evaluation method of the present invention estimates deductible CO2 and absorbed CO2 in addition to derived CO2 and direct and indirect CO2, providing a more practical and accurate environmental load. In this specification, it goes without saying that the contents described and explained in a certain part of the specification can be applied without contradiction to other parts not described, and that the contents can be applied to the other parts. Furthermore, the above embodiment is an example, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist, and it goes without saying that the scope of the rights of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. [Industrial Applicability]

[0041] The method for evaluating the carbon neutral effect of economic activity of the present invention can be applied not only to companies, local governments, etc., but also to economic activities of countries and the world. [Explanation of symbols]

[0042] 11 Financial data, 12 Extraction, 13 Item and transaction amount data, 14 Input-output code collection, 15 Target table, 16 Item match check, 17 Similar code search, 18 Manual code input, 19 Existing language vectorization model, 20 Code co-occurrence model, 21 Code and transaction amount list, 22 Integrated model, 23 Addition, 24 Learning, 25 Input-output statistical data, 26 Fuel use CO2 emission data, 27 CO2 intensity list, 29 Latest price data, 30 Price correction, 31 Derived (spillover) CO2 calculation, 32 Derived (spillover) CO2 (amount), 33 Input-output statistical quantity sheet data, 34 Direct and indirect CO2 calculation, 35 Direct and indirect CO2 (amount), 36 Biomass CO2 absorption data, 37 CO2 absorption calculation, 38 Absorbed CO2 (amount), 39 SCRAP (scrap) value list, 40 Deduction CO2 calculation, 41 Deduction CO2 (amount),

Claims

1. A means of creating a list of commodity codes and transaction amounts for those commodity codes (called a code-transaction amount list) in an input-output table from financial data held by economic entities such as companies and local governments engaged in economic activities; A means for creating a list of CO2 (emissions) intensity units; A means to calculate derived CO2 from the code / transaction amount list and the CO2 intensity list; A means to calculate direct and indirect CO2 emissions from the code and transaction amount list and fuel use CO2 emissions data, A means for calculating CO2 deductions from the code and transaction amount list, input-output statistical data, and scrap value list; and A method for calculating absorbed CO2 from a code / transaction amount list, input-output statistics data, and biomass CO2 absorption data Including, The CO2 environmental load due to the economic activity of the economic entity is given by <derived CO2 + direct and indirect CO2 - deduction CO2 - absorbed CO2>, A method for calculating the CO2 environmental impact caused by the economic activities of economic entities.

2. The method for calculating the CO2 environmental load according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for obtaining absorbed CO2 from the code / transaction amount list, input-output statistical quantity data, and biomass CO2 absorption data is a means for associating by a computer a plant CO2 absorption dictionary list in which CO2 absorption data for various biomasses is recorded and a code / transaction amount list by code matching, performing a CO2 absorption calculation using a computer, and calculating absorbed CO2 (amount) by <amount of biomass (plants) x biomass (plants) absorbed CO2 data>.

3. The method for calculating the CO2 environmental load according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for obtaining the deductible CO2 from the code / transaction amount list, the input-output statistical quantity data, and the scrap value list is a means for extracting data for various scraps from the codes and code / transaction amount list 21 by a computer through code matching, calculating the deductible CO2, and calculating <deductible CO2 (amount) is scrap value list x scrap amount x CO2 basic unit from the input-output data of raw materials equivalent to scrap>.

4. The method for calculating the CO2 environmental load according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for creating a list of item codes and transaction amounts of item codes (referred to as a code / transaction amount list) in the input-output (table) from the financial data is a means for creating a comparison table by a computer by comparing items in the financial data, etc. with items in the input-output code collection, and further for comparing item / transaction amount data obtained from the financial data with the comparison table by a computer to check for item matches, and creating a code / transaction amount list.

5. 2. The method for calculating the CO2 environmental load according to claim 1, wherein the means for creating the list of CO2 (emission) intensity units is a means for comparing, by a computer, 3EID (Embodied Energy and Emission Intensity Data: a data book of environmental load intensity units based on input-output tables by the National Institute for Environmental Studies) which records environmental load intensity units with the item codes listed in the code transaction amount list 21, and creating a list of CO2 intensity units corresponding to the item codes.

6. The method for calculating the CO2 environmental load described in claim 1, characterized in that the means for determining derived CO2 from the code / transaction amount list and the CO2 intensity list is to use a computer to compare the code / transaction amount list and the CO2 intensity list by code matching and calculate (transaction amount or amount of input material) x CO2 intensity.

7. The method for calculating the CO2 environmental load described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the means for determining direct and indirect CO2 from the code / transaction amount list and the CO2 generation data from fuel, etc., is to use a computer to compare the code / transaction amount list with the CO2 generation data from fuel, etc., by code matching, and calculate (transaction amount or amount of input material) x CO2 basic unit.

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