Crustacean aquaculture device and crustacean production method

Abstract

To provide a technique capable of improving a yield in land-based crustacean aquaculture.SOLUTION: A land-based crustacean aquaculture device includes a water tank, a plurality of nets for dividing the inside of the water tank into a plurality of areas, and holding parts for fixing the plurality of nets in a layered manner, where the plurality of areas are configured so that crustaceans can move in and out. A land-based crustacean production method includes a step of culturing crustaceans using a water tank divided into a plurality of areas by a plurality of nets disposed in a layered manner and configured so that the crustaceans can move in and out the plurality of areas.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a shellfish farming apparatus. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, farming devices have been proposed for land-based farming of crustaceans such as shrimp and crabs. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a farming device in which individual shrimps are housed in a number of consecutive compartments that are partitioned to suppress cannibalism. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2021-112182 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The aquaculture device described in Patent Document 1 has room for improvement in terms of the yield of cultured crustaceans. Therefore, there has been a demand for a technology that can improve the aquaculture yield in land-based crustacean aquaculture. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The present disclosure can be realized in the following forms.

[0006] (1) According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a crustacean farming device is provided. The crustacean farming device is a crustacean farming device for land-based farming, and is characterized in that it includes an aquarium, a plurality of nets that divide the inside of the aquarium into a plurality of regions, and a holding part that stacks and fixes the plurality of nets, and the plurality of regions are configured to allow the crustaceans to move between. According to this embodiment of the crustacean farming device, the inside of the aquarium is divided into a plurality of regions by the stacked plurality of nets, and the plurality of regions are configured to allow the crustaceans to move between, so that the farming yield can be improved in the land-based farming of crustaceans.

[0007] (2) In the crustacean farming apparatus described in (1) above, the interval between the stacked nets may be 10 mm or more and 300 mm or less. According to this form of the crustacean farming apparatus, the interval between the stacked nets is 10 mm or more and 300 mm or less, so that the apparatus can be suitably used for farming seawater swimming edible shrimp such as whitenamei shrimp.

[0008] (3) In the crustacean farming apparatus described in (1) or (2) above, the mesh size of the net may be 2 mm or more and 25 mm or less. Since the crustacean farming apparatus of this form has a mesh size of 2 mm or more and 25 mm or less, it can be suitably used for farming saltwater swimming edible shrimp such as whitenamei shrimp.

[0009] (4) In the crustacean farming device according to any one of (1) to (3) above, the plurality of nets and the holding unit may be integrated together. According to this form of the crustacean farming device, since the plurality of nets and the holding unit are integrated together, the nets can be easily installed and moved, and the interior of the tank can be easily divided into a plurality of regions.

[0010] (5) In the crustacean farming apparatus according to any one of (1) to (4) above, the crustaceans may be seawater-swimming edible shrimp. This type of crustacean farming apparatus can improve the yield of seawater-swimming edible shrimp in land-based farming.

[0011] (6) In the crustacean farming apparatus described in (5) above, the seawater swimming edible shrimp may be whitenamei shrimp. With this type of crustacean farming apparatus, the yield of whitenamei shrimp in land-based farming can be improved.

[0012] (7) According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for producing crustaceans. This method for producing crustaceans in land-based aquaculture is characterized in that it includes a step of cultivating the crustaceans in an aquarium divided into a plurality of areas by a plurality of stacked nets, the aquarium being configured to allow the crustaceans to move between the plurality of areas. According to this aspect of the method for producing crustaceans, the crustaceans are cultivated in an aquarium divided into a plurality of areas by a plurality of stacked nets, the aquarium being configured to allow the crustaceans to move between the plurality of areas, and therefore it is possible to improve the aquaculture yield in the land-based aquaculture of crustaceans.

[0013] The present disclosure can be realized in various forms, for example, a crustacean farming system, a method for manufacturing a crustacean farming device, a crustacean farming method, etc. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a top view showing a schematic configuration of the aquaculture device. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an aquaculture shelf. [Diagram 3] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an aquaculture device according to a modified example. [Figure 4] FIG. 13 is a top view showing a schematic configuration of an aquaculture device in a modified example. [Diagram 5] FIG. 13 is a top view showing a schematic configuration of an aquaculture device in a modified example. [Figure 6] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a culture rack in a modified example. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a culture rack in a modified example. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of an apparatus used in an experiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0015] A. Embodiment: FIG. 1 is a top view showing a schematic configuration of an aquaculture device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The aquaculture device 100 is used for cultivating crustaceans in land-based aquaculture. The crustaceans to be cultivated are not particularly limited, but include, for example, shrimp and crabs, and may be freshwater crustaceans or marine crustaceans. The crustaceans to be cultivated are preferably pelagic shrimp, more preferably pelagic shrimp, and even more preferably marine pelagic edible shrimp. The marine pelagic edible shrimp are not particularly limited, but include, for example, Litopenaeus vannamei, Korean shrimp (Penaeus chinesis), blue shrimp (Penaeus stylirostris), banana shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis), Indian shrimp (Penaeus indicus), and the like. As the saltwater swimming edible shrimp, it is particularly preferable to use a whitenamei shrimp. Note that the crustaceans to be cultured may be immature individuals such as juvenile shrimp or juvenile crab, or may be mature individuals.

[0016] The aquaculture device 100 includes an aquarium 10, a net 20, and a holder 30. In this embodiment, the aquarium 10 has an external shape of a substantially rectangular shape with rounded corners when viewed from above. The aquarium 10 is configured to be able to store breeding water therein, and crustaceans are raised in the aquarium. The breeding water is not particularly limited and is selected according to the crustaceans to be cultured. When the aquaculture target is freshwater crustaceans, for example, fresh water or well water may be used, and when the aquaculture target is marine crustaceans, for example, salty water such as seawater, artificial seawater, brackish water, etc. may be used. The depth of the aquarium 10 is not particularly limited and may be, for example, 300 mm or more and 1500 mm or less, or 500 mm or more and 1000 mm or less. In addition, the aquaculture device 100 may be a closed circulation type land-based aquaculture device that circulates all or almost all of the breeding water discharged from the aquarium 10 and returns it to the aquarium 10, or it may be a semi-closed circulation type land-based aquaculture device that circulates a portion of the breeding water discharged from the aquarium 10 and returns it to the aquarium 10.

[0017] The aquaculture device 100 of this embodiment has a configuration in which a plurality of aquaculture racks 40, each of which integrates a net 20 and a holder 30, are arranged inside an aquarium 10. In the example shown in Fig. 1, four aquaculture racks 40 each having a generally rectangular external shape when viewed from above and two aquaculture racks 40 each having a generally trapezoidal external shape when viewed from above are combined and installed according to the shape of the aquarium 10. In addition to the aquaculture racks 40, a circulation pump, a microbial purification device, a wave-making device, artificial seaweed, and the like (not shown) may be provided inside the aquarium 10.

[0018] Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the culture rack 40. In the example shown in Fig. 2, the culture rack 40 has a generally rectangular external shape when viewed from above. In the example shown in Fig. 2, the culture rack 40 has five nets 20 stacked vertically and a holder 30. All of the multiple nets 20 are formed to be approximately the same size and shape, and are stacked so as to be approximately parallel to the bottom surface of the aquarium 10.

[0019] The net 20 divides the inside of the aquarium 10 into a plurality of regions. The net 20 has a plurality of pores formed throughout the entire area, the pores being large enough for the water to pass through. The specific configuration of the net 20 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a net in which fibers formed from resins such as polyethylene or nylon are woven into a mesh shape, or a punching board in which a plurality of pores are punched into a board made of resins such as polyvinyl chloride. The shape of the plurality of pores is not particularly limited, and may be any shape such as a square, a circle, a polygon, or the like. The mesh size of the net 20, i.e., the size of the plurality of pores formed in the net 20, is not particularly limited, but is preferably a size that the crustaceans cannot pass through, from the viewpoint of allowing the crustaceans to land and rest stably. In addition, it is preferable that the mesh size is large enough to suppress clogging due to dirt in the aquarium 10. The mesh size of the net 20 is preferably 1 mm or more and 50 mm or less, more preferably 2 mm or more and 25 mm or less, and even more preferably 3 mm or more and 10 mm or less. In the present disclosure, the "mesh size of the net 20" refers to the size of the pores formed in the net 20. For example, when the pores formed in the net 20 are rectangular, the mesh size of the net 20 corresponds to the dimension of the long side thereof, and when the pores formed in the net 20 are circular, the mesh size of the net 20 corresponds to the diameter thereof. Note that the mesh sizes of the net 20 may all be the same in one net 20, or may be partially or entirely different. Furthermore, the mesh sizes of the net 20 may all be the same in multiple nets 20, or may be partially or entirely different.

[0020] The holding part 30 fixes a plurality of nets 20 by stacking them. In this embodiment, the holding part 30 is formed by combining a plurality of thin tubes vertically and horizontally. In this embodiment, the holding part 30 is formed by a hard polyvinyl chloride tube, but it may be formed by any material, such as other resin tubes made of polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. Also, in this embodiment, the holding part 30 is formed so that its upper part is located above the water surface of the aquarium 10. Therefore, a user of the aquaculture device 100 can easily install or move the aquaculture rack 40 by grabbing the upper part of the holding part 30.

[0021] The method for integrating the net 20 and the holding portion 30 is not particularly limited, but for example, they may be fixed to each other by a cable tie or string, or they may be integrated by fitting or welding, etc.

[0022] The spacing between the stacked nets 20 is not particularly limited as long as the crustaceans to be cultured can enter the spacing. The spacing between the stacked nets 20 is preferably large enough not to impede the movement of the crustaceans, and is preferably large enough to increase the landing area and prevent crowding inside the aquarium 10. The spacing between the stacked nets 20 is preferably 10 mm to 300 mm, more preferably 20 mm to 150 mm, even more preferably 30 mm to 100 mm, and even more preferably 50 mm to 80 mm. The spacing between the nets 20 may be equal, or some or all of the spacing may be different.

[0023] The number of stacked nets 20 is not particularly limited and may be set appropriately depending on the culture conditions such as the depth of the aquarium 10. From the viewpoint of increasing the landing area of ​​the crustaceans, the number of stacked nets 20 is preferably 3 or more, and more preferably 5 or more. From the viewpoint of ensuring that even the topmost net 20 has a water depth sufficient to prevent the crustaceans from jumping out of the water surface of the aquarium 10, the number of stacked nets 20 is preferably 15 or less, and more preferably 10 or less.

[0024] By stacking and fixing the multiple nets 20, the inside of the tank 10 is divided into multiple regions. The multiple regions are configured so that the crustaceans to be cultured can move between them. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 1, the presence of at least one of gaps between the multiple culture racks 40 and gaps between the culture racks 40 and the inner wall of the tank 10 allows the crustaceans to move between the multiple regions. The gaps between the culture racks 40 and between the culture racks 40 and the inner wall of the tank 10 are preferably 10 mm or more and 300 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or more and 150 mm or less, even more preferably 30 mm or more and 100 mm or less, and even more preferably 50 mm or more and 80 mm or less. The stacked multiple nets 20 may be formed to have different sizes and shapes to ensure a space in which the crustaceans can move between the multiple regions. The multiple regions can also be called "layers."

[0025] According to the aquaculture device 100 of this embodiment, the crustaceans to be cultured can be dispersed among the various areas (layers), preventing overcrowding inside the aquarium 10. As a result, cannibalism among the crustaceans can be suppressed, improving the culture yield. In this specification, "culture yield" refers to the ratio of the number of shippable individuals obtained to the number of individuals introduced.

[0026] The inventors of the present application also discovered that even free-swimming shrimps that swim three-dimensionally in the water, such as whitenamei shrimp, require a certain landing area for resting. According to the aquaculture device 100 of this embodiment, the inside of the aquarium 10 is divided into a plurality of levels by the nets 20 arranged in layers above and below, so that the landing area in the aquarium 10 can be increased and crowding inside the aquarium 10 can be prevented. As a result, cannibalism among the crustaceans can be further suppressed, and the aquaculture yield can be further improved.

[0027] In addition, according to the aquaculture device 100 of this embodiment, since the plurality of nets 20 and the holding unit 30 are integrated, it is possible to easily form a plurality of tiers in the aquarium 10. Furthermore, by using a unit-shaped aquaculture shelf 40 in which the plurality of nets 20 and the holding unit 30 are integrated, it is possible to easily install and move the nets 20 in the aquarium 10, so that the inside of the aquarium 10 can be easily divided into a plurality of areas. Furthermore, by using a unit-shaped aquaculture shelf 40, it is possible to easily move and remove the nets 20 in the aquarium 10, so that it is possible to suppress a decrease in convenience. In the aquaculture device 100 of this embodiment, a plurality of aquaculture shelves 40 are combined and installed according to the shape of the aquarium 10. As a result, it is possible to form a tiered structure of the nets 20 over a wide area in the aquarium 10, so that the landing area can be further increased.

[0028] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for producing crustaceans in land-based aquaculture. The production method includes a step of cultivating crustaceans using an aquarium divided into a plurality of areas by a plurality of nets arranged in a stacked arrangement, the aquarium being configured to allow the crustaceans to move between the plurality of areas. This step may be a step of raising crustaceans using the above-mentioned aquaculture device 100. According to this production method, the crustaceans to be cultured can be dispersed among the respective areas, thereby preventing overcrowding inside the aquarium 10. As a result, cannibalism among the crustaceans can be suppressed, thereby improving the aquaculture yield.

[0029] B. Variations: 3 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the aquaculture device 100a in the modified example. The aquaculture device 100 in the above embodiment has a configuration in which a plurality of unit-shaped aquaculture racks 40, each of which integrates the net 20 and the holder 30, are arranged inside the water tank 10, but the present disclosure is not limited to this.

[0030] In the aquaculture device 100a shown in Fig. 3, pillars located inside the aquarium 10a function as the holders 30a, and the nets 20a are stacked and fixed to the holders 30a. The holders are not limited to pillars, and may be formed by any other member located inside the aquarium. For example, a pump or a purifier installed inside the aquarium 10a may function as the holder, or a hook or a protrusion provided inside the aquarium 10a may function as the holder. With this configuration, the inside of the aquarium 10a can be divided into multiple regions by the stacked multiple nets 20a.

[0031] FIG. 4 is a top view showing a schematic configuration of the aquaculture device 100b in a modified example. FIG. 5 is a top view showing a schematic configuration of the aquaculture device 100c in a modified example. The configuration of the aquaculture device 100 in the above embodiment is merely an example and can be modified in various ways. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the water tank 10b may have any shape, such as a generally circular shape when viewed from above. The culture rack 40 may be formed in any shape according to the size and shape of the water tank 10b. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the number of culture racks 40 installed for one water tank 10c is not limited to multiple, and may be one. The configurations shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are not limited to the form in which the culture rack 40 is installed, but are also the same in the form in which any member located inside the water tank 10a functions as the holding part 30a.

[0032] FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the culture rack 40a in a modified example. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the culture rack 40b in a modified example. The configuration of the culture rack 40 in the above embodiment is merely an example and can be modified in various ways. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the multiple nets 20 are not limited to being substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the aquarium 10, but may be stacked at an angle to the bottom surface of the aquarium 10. According to this aspect, crustaceans swimming while hovering can easily enter the gaps between the nets 20. Also, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the multiple nets 20 may be stacked substantially perpendicular to the bottom surface of the aquarium 10. According to this aspect, the landing area of ​​crustaceans resting by holding on to the nets 20 can be increased. Note that, although the configurations of the culture racks 40a and 40b are shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the same is true not only for the form in which the culture racks 40a and 40b are installed, but also for the form in which any member located inside the aquarium 10a functions as the holding part 30a. That is, the plurality of nets 20 are not limited to being stacked substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the aquarium 10, 10a, but may be stacked diagonally or substantially perpendicularly. EXAMPLES

[0033] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0034] 1. Experimental Materials and Methods The culture experiment was carried out under the following conditions.

[0035] FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the apparatus used in the aquaculture experiment. In the embodiment, four aquaculture shelves (large size) in which five rectangular nets with a long side of 700 mm and a short side of 600 mm were stacked at intervals of 80 mm, and two aquaculture shelves (small size) in which five square nets with a side of 500 mm were stacked at intervals of 80 mm were installed in an aquarium to perform aquaculture. In the comparative example, no aquaculture shelves or nets were installed. Other conditions such as equipment and number of days of rearing were the same in the embodiment and the comparative example. More specifically, an equipment having a biological filtration tank and two physical filtration tanks in addition to the aquarium for rearing was used. In the aquarium for rearing, one water flow pump, two circulation pumps, and one protein skimmer were placed, and sterilized with an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp. In the biological filtration tank, 120 L of filter media, 7.5 kg of coral, one water flow pump, and one boot filter were placed. In the physical filtration tank, one protein skimmer and two boot filters were placed. The crustacean used was whiteleg shrimp. A 2.8 ton tank was used. The water temperature was 28°C. The salinity of the water was 1%. The shrimp were fed 8 times a day, every 3 hours. The rearing period was 21 days. The density of the fish introduced was 1000 fish / t.

[0036] As a result of the culture experiment, the overdensity at the end of the comparative example was 3 kg / t, and the survival rate in the comparative example was 70.6%. In contrast, the overdensity at the end of the example was 10 kg / t, and the survival rate in the example was 97.8%. Generally, the higher the overdensity, the lower the survival rate tends to be due to cannibalism, but in this experiment, the survival rate was high despite the high overdensity. From the above results, it was found that the cultivation yield of crustaceans can be improved by installing multiple stacked nets inside the aquarium.

[0037] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and can be realized in various configurations without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the technical features in the embodiments and examples corresponding to the technical features in each form described in the Summary of the Invention column can be appropriately replaced or combined in order to solve some or all of the above-mentioned problems or to achieve some or all of the above-mentioned effects. Furthermore, if a technical feature is not described as essential in this specification, it can be appropriately deleted. [Explanation of symbols]

[0038] 10, 10a, 10b, 10c...Aquarium, 20, 20a...Net, 30, 30a...Holding section, 40, 40a, 40b...Aquaculture shelf, 100, 100a, 100b, 100c...Aquaculture device

Claims

1. A crustacean farming device for land-based aquaculture, comprising: Aquarium and A plurality of nets dividing the interior of the tank into a plurality of regions; A holding part that stacks and fixes a plurality of the nets; Equipped with The plurality of regions are configured to allow the crustaceans to move between the regions. A crustacean farming device comprising:

2. The crustacean farming apparatus according to claim 1, The interval between the stacked nets is 10 mm or more and 300 mm or less. A crustacean farming device comprising:

3. The crustacean farming apparatus according to claim 1, The mesh size is 2 mm or more and 25 mm or less. A crustacean farming device comprising:

4. The crustacean farming apparatus according to claim 1, The plurality of nets and the holding portion are integrated together. A crustacean farming device comprising:

5. The crustacean farming apparatus according to claim 1, The crustacean is a marine swimming edible shrimp. A crustacean farming device comprising:

6. The crustacean farming apparatus according to claim 5, The saltwater swimming edible shrimp is a vannamei shrimp. A crustacean farming device comprising:

7. A method for producing crustaceans in land-based aquaculture, comprising the steps of: A step of cultivating the crustaceans using an aquarium divided into a plurality of areas by a plurality of stacked nets, the aquarium being configured so that the crustaceans can move between the plurality of areas. A method for producing crustaceans, comprising:

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