Electronic device, display unit, photoelectric conversion device, electronic apparatus, illumination, and movable body

Abstract

To provide an electronic device that can more reliably prevent current leakage between adjacent elements.SOLUTION: An organic light emitting device 100 has a plurality of light emitting devices 10 arranged on a substrate 1. The plurality of light emitting devices 10 each have a first insulating layer 3, a lower electrode 2 (first electrode), an organic layer 4 (functional layer), and an upper electrode 5 (second electrode), in this order from a side of the substrate 1, and the organic layer 4 and the upper electrode 5 are continuously arranged to cover the two lower electrodes 2 each individually included in the two light emitting devices 10 adjacent to each other. The first insulating layer 3 has an inclined part 31 that is inclined relative to the substrate 1. The lower electrode 2 has a first portion 21 that is arranged on the inclined part 31, and a second portion 22 that is in contact with the organic layer 4 and inclined relative to the substrate 1 at an angle smaller than that in the first portion 21. The thickness of the organic layer 4 arranged on the first portion 21 is smaller than the thickness of the organic layer 4 arranged on the second portion 22.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an electronic device, a display device, a photoelectric conversion device, an electronic device, an illumination device, and a mobile object. [Background technology]

[0002] As electronic devices using an organic layer (also called an organic compound layer), organic light-emitting elements and organic photoelectric conversion elements have been proposed. An organic light-emitting element is an element having a cathode and an anode, and an organic layer disposed therebetween, and is a light-emitting device in which electrons injected from the cathode and holes injected from the anode are recombined to generate light. An organic photoelectric conversion element is an element having a cathode and an anode, and an organic layer disposed therebetween, and is a photoelectric conversion device in which electrons and holes generated by the organic layer absorbing light are extracted from the cathode and anode. In recent years, display devices equipped with organic light-emitting elements and imaging devices equipped with organic photoelectric conversion elements have been attracting attention.

[0003] In electronic devices using organic layers, the organic layer may be continuously formed across a plurality of organic light-emitting elements or a plurality of organic photoelectric conversion elements. In such cases, current leakage is likely to occur through the organic layer between the electrodes (cathode or anode) that adjacent elements have independently. If current leakage occurs between adjacent elements in an organic light-emitting element, it will lead to unintended light emission of the organic light-emitting element, narrowing the color gamut of the display device. In addition, if current leakage occurs between adjacent elements in an organic photoelectric conversion element, noise will be generated. In this way, current leakage between adjacent elements will degrade the characteristics of the electronic device.

[0004] The electronic device described in Patent Document 1 has an insulating layer provided so as to cover the ends of the lower electrodes of adjacent elements. The insulating layer has an inclined portion disposed on the lower electrodes, and an organic layer is continuously formed on the insulating layer across a plurality of elements. Patent Document 1 describes that the thickness of the organic layer disposed on the inclined portion of the insulating layer is set to a predetermined value or more in order to suppress current leakage between the lower electrodes of adjacent elements and to suppress current leakage between the upper and lower electrodes. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] JP 2020-136260 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] In the configuration of Patent Document 1, an insulating layer having an inclined portion is disposed so as to cover the end of a flat lower electrode. Then, the thickness of the organic layer disposed on the inclined portion of the insulating layer is adjusted to suppress current leakage between adjacent elements and current leakage between the upper electrode and the lower electrode. However, there is a problem that the current leakage between adjacent elements may not be sufficiently suppressed by simply adjusting the thickness of the organic layer as in the conventional method.

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device capable of more reliably suppressing current leakage between adjacent elements. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] An electronic device according to one aspect of the present invention comprises: A plurality of elements are disposed on a substrate, Each of the plurality of elements has an insulating layer, a first electrode, a functional layer, and a second electrode in this order from the substrate side, and the functional layer and the second electrode are continuously arranged from above one of the first electrodes to above the other of the first electrodes so as to cover two first electrodes that are independently included in two adjacent elements among the plurality of elements, wherein the insulating layer has an inclined portion inclined with respect to the substrate, the first electrode has a first portion arranged on the inclined portion and a second portion in contact with the functional layer and having a smaller inclination angle with respect to the substrate than the first portion, a thickness of the functional layer arranged on the first portion in a normal direction to a surface in contact with the first portion is smaller than a thickness of the functional layer arranged on the second portion in a normal direction to a surface in contact with the second portion, and the plurality of elements emit a first light. the first element and the second element further have, from the substrate side, a reflective layer and a part of the insulating layer between the second portion and the substrate, a thickness of the part of the insulating layer of the first element and a thickness of the part of the insulating layer of the second element are different from each other, the insulating layer has a flat portion at a position farther from the substrate than the second portion, the reflective layer is disposed under the second portion and the flat portion, a thickness of the part of the reflective layer disposed under the flat portion in a direction perpendicular to the substrate is greater than a thickness of the part of the reflective layer disposed under the second portion in a direction perpendicular to the substrate, and the insulating layer is disposed so as to cover a step formed by a part of the reflective layer disposed under the second portion and a part of the reflective layer disposed under the flat portion. It is characterized by: Effect of the Invention

[0009] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an electronic device capable of more reliably suppressing current leakage between adjacent elements. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of an organic light-emitting device according to a first embodiment. [Diagram 2] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an organic light-emitting device according to a first embodiment. [Diagram 3] A partially enlarged view of Figure 2. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an organic light-emitting device of a comparative example. [Diagram 5] 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the chromaticity of a red pixel and the ratio of the distance between the flat portions of two adjacent lower electrodes to the layer thickness of the organic layer on the flat portions of the lower electrodes. [Figure 6] Layout of components in a film formation simulation. [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the results of a film formation simulation. [Figure 8] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an organic light-emitting device according to a second embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an organic light-emitting device according to a third embodiment. [Figure 10] A partially enlarged view of Figure 9. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an organic light-emitting device according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an organic light-emitting device according to a fifth embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a display device. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an imaging device. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a display device. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a lighting device. [Figure 17] Schematic diagram showing an application example of a display device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] Hereinafter, the organic light-emitting device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the following embodiments are merely examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to numerical values, shapes, materials, components, arrangements and connection forms of the components. Although the embodiments describe a number of features, not all of the features are essential to the invention, and the features may be combined in any manner. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings, the same reference numbers are used for the same or similar configurations, and duplicated descriptions are omitted.

[0012] In this specification, the terms "above" and "below" indicating the arrangement are used for convenience in order to explain the positional relationship between the components with reference to the drawings. In addition, the positional relationship between the components changes as appropriate depending on the direction in which each component is depicted. Therefore, the terms are not limited to those described in the specification, and can be rephrased appropriately depending on the situation. In addition, the terms "above" and "below" do not limit the positional relationship between the components to be directly above or directly below and in direct contact. For example, the expression "electrode B on insulating layer A" does not require that electrode B is formed in direct contact with insulating layer A, and does not exclude the inclusion of other components between insulating layer A and electrode B.

[0013] In this specification, "substantially parallel" refers to a state in which two straight lines or planes are arranged at an angle of -15° or more and 15° or less. In addition, in this specification, "arranged continuously between A and B" means arranged continuously without interruption between A and B. In addition, in this specification, "height" refers to the distance upward from the upper surface (first surface) of the substrate 1. It is also possible to specify a portion that is parallel to the upper surface (first surface) of the substrate 1 and specify the "height" based on the specified criterion.

[0014] [First embodiment] An organic light-emitting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 7. This embodiment is an example in which the electronic device is an organic light-emitting device.

[0015] (Overall configuration of organic light-emitting device) 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of an organic light-emitting device 100 according to a first embodiment. The organic light-emitting device 100 has a display region 110 in which a plurality of pixels PX are arranged in a two-dimensional array on a substrate 1 (on the substrate), and a peripheral circuit 120. The peripheral circuit 120 is a circuit for displaying an image in the display region 110, and may include a signal line driving circuit 121 (signal output circuit) and a signal line driving circuit 122 (vertical scanning circuit) which are drivers for displaying the image.

[0016] Each of the pixels PX has a plurality of subpixels SP. In this embodiment, each of the pixels PX has three types of subpixels SP, namely, a first subpixel SPR that emits light of a first color, a second subpixel SPG that emits light of a second color, and a third subpixel SPB that emits light of a third color. Here, the first color, the second color, and the third color are, for example, red, green, and blue, respectively. Note that the configuration of the pixel PX shown here is an example, and is not limited thereto. For example, each of the pixels PX may have a fourth subpixel SPW that emits a fourth color in addition to the first subpixel SPR, the second subpixel SPG, and the third subpixel SPB. The fourth color may be, for example, white or yellow. In addition, in this embodiment, an example in which the arrangement of the subpixels SP is a delta arrangement is shown, but is not limited thereto, and may be a stripe arrangement, a square arrangement, or a Bayer arrangement.

[0017] (Configuration of light-emitting element) FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line AA' in FIG. 1. Each of the subpixels SP has a light-emitting element 10 arranged on the upper surface (first surface) of the substrate 1. FIG. 1 shows three subpixels SP in one pixel PX of the pixels PX in the organic light-emitting device 100. The first subpixel SPR has a first light-emitting element 10R, the second subpixel SPG has a second light-emitting element 10G, and the third subpixel SPB has a third light-emitting element 10B. The first light-emitting element 10R is a light-emitting element that emits light of a first color, the second light-emitting element 10G is a light-emitting element that emits light of a second color, and the third light-emitting element 10B is a light-emitting element that emits light of a third color. In this specification, when referring to a specific light-emitting element among the multiple light-emitting elements 10, a subscript is added after the reference number, such as light-emitting element 10 "R". When referring to a light-emitting element without specifying the type of light-emitting element, the light-emitting element is simply referred to as "light-emitting element 10". The same applies to other components.

[0018] Each of the multiple light-emitting elements 10 has, from the upper surface side (substrate side) of the substrate 1, a first insulating layer 3, a lower electrode 2 which is a first electrode, an organic layer 4 including a light-emitting layer, and an upper electrode 5 which is a second electrode, in this order. The organic layer 4 including a light-emitting layer can also be called a functional layer. The organic light-emitting device 100 of this embodiment is a top-emission type device that extracts light from the upper electrode 5. Furthermore, the organic light-emitting device 100 includes a protective layer 6 arranged so as to cover the upper electrode 5, a first planarization layer 8, a second planarization layer 9, and a color filter layer 70.

[0019] The color filter layer 70 includes a first color filter 7R, a second color filter 7G, and a third color filter 7B. The first color filter 7R is a color filter that transmits light of a first color, the second color filter 7G is a color filter that transmits light of a second color, and the third color filter 7B is a color filter that transmits light of a third color. Each color filter 7 is arranged for each of the light-emitting elements 10, and is arranged to correspond to each of the light-emitting regions of the light-emitting elements 10. In the plan view of FIG. 1, the color filter 7 of each subpixel SP (light-emitting element 10) is indicated by a solid line. In addition, in FIG. 1, the outer edge of the lower electrode 2 of each subpixel SP is indicated by a dashed line, and the opening of the first insulating layer 3 is indicated by a dashed line. As will be described later, the organic layer 4 is in contact with the lower electrode 2, and the region where the organic layer 4 and the lower electrode 2 are in contact becomes the light-emitting region of each subpixel SP. In this embodiment, the entire upper surface of the lower electrode 2 is in contact with the organic layer 4, and therefore the light-emitting region of each subpixel SP is the region indicated by the dotted line in Fig. 1. As shown in Fig. 1, each color filter 7 is disposed so as to overlap with the center of the light-emitting region of the corresponding light-emitting element 10 in a plan view.

[0020] In this embodiment, the organic layer 4 of each light emitting element 10 emits white light. The color filters 7R, 7G, and 7B selectively transmit the respective R, G, and B lights from the white light emitted from the organic layer 4, separating them and emitting them to the outside. At least a part of the color filters of the color filter layer 70 may be a color conversion layer that absorbs the light emitted from the organic layer, converts it to another color, and emits it. The color conversion layer may contain quantum dots (QDs). The color filter layer 70 may have four or more types of color filters. Furthermore, the light emitted by the organic layer 4 does not have to be white light.

[0021] The substrate 1 is a plate-like member having a first surface. Various components are laminated on the first surface of the substrate 1 to form the organic light-emitting device 100. The substrate 1 may be a semiconductor substrate such as a silicon substrate, or an insulating substrate such as glass, quartz, or resin. The substrate 1 may also be flexible.

[0022] A driving circuit layer (not shown) including a transistor electrically connected to the lower electrode 2 may be formed on the substrate 1. In this embodiment, the driving circuit formed in the driving circuit layer is an active matrix type pixel driving circuit. Therefore, the organic light emitting device 100 can also be said to be an active matrix type display device. The driving circuit layer may be formed by stacking on the substrate 1, or a part of it may be directly formed on the substrate 1 by a semiconductor process. The driving circuit layer may include a transistor, a wiring layer, and an insulator disposed between the wiring layer. Examples of the insulator include an interlayer insulating layer composed of an inorganic material such as silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiON), or an organic material such as polyimide or polyacrylic. The interlayer insulating layer has a flat surface on its upper surface, and is sometimes called a planarizing layer for the purpose of reducing unevenness of the surface that serves as the base when the lower electrode 2 is formed. When the substrate 1 has a driving circuit layer, the driving circuit layer may also be regarded as a "substrate". When the drive circuit layer is also considered to be part of the "substrate", the upper surface of the uppermost interlayer insulating layer of the drive circuit layer can be considered as the first surface. In this embodiment, since the lower electrode 2 is formed on the first surface, the surface of the lower surface of the lower electrode 2 that is in contact with the substrate 1 coincides with the first surface. Therefore, the surface of the lower surface of the lower electrode 2 that is in contact with the substrate 1 may be considered as the first surface.

[0023] The first insulating layer 3 is disposed on the substrate 1. The first insulating layer 3 is disposed between a subpixel SP and another subpixel SP adjacent thereto, and each subpixel SP is defined by the first insulating layer 3. The first insulating layer 3 also has an inclined portion 31 inclined with respect to the first surface of the substrate 1. The first insulating layer 3 is also called a pixel separation film, a partition wall, a bank, etc.

[0024] As shown in FIG. 2, the first insulating layer 3 disposed between the first subpixel SPR and the second subpixel SPG has an inclined portion 31R at an end portion closer to the first subpixel SPR, and an inclined portion 31G at an end portion closer to the second subpixel SPG. Similarly, the first insulating layer 3 disposed between the second subpixel SPG and the third subpixel SPB has an inclined portion 31G at an end portion closer to the second subpixel SPG, and an inclined portion 31B at an end portion closer to the third subpixel SPB. Although not shown in FIG. 2, the first insulating layer 3 disposed between the third subpixel SPB and the first subpixel SPR has an inclined portion 31B at an end portion closer to the third subpixel SPB, and an inclined portion 31R at an end portion closer to the first subpixel SPR. The first insulating layer 3 also has a flat portion 32 between the two inclined portions 31. The first subpixel SPR, the second subpixel SPG, and the third subpixel SPB may be read as the first light-emitting element 10R, the second light-emitting element 10G, and the third light-emitting element 10B, respectively.

[0025] The first insulating layer 3 may be formed by, for example, a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method) or a physical vapor deposition method (PVD method). The first insulating layer 3 may be composed of, for example, silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon oxynitride (SiON), or the like. The first insulating layer 3 may also be a laminated film of these materials. The inclination angle of the inclined portion 31 of the first insulating layer 3 can be controlled by the conditions of anisotropic etching or isotropic etching. The inclination angle of the inclined portion 31 of the first insulating layer 3 may also be controlled by controlling the inclination angle of a layer disposed under the first insulating layer 3. The first insulating layer 3 may have unevenness on its upper surface due to processing such as etching or stacking of layers.

[0026] The lower electrode 2 is an anode (positive electrode), and is disposed so as to be electrically separated for each light-emitting element 10. In other words, the lower electrode 2 is disposed so as to be electrically separated for each sub-pixel. It can also be said that the plurality of light-emitting elements 10 each have the lower electrode 2 independently. The lower electrode 2 is also called a pixel electrode or an individual electrode. In this embodiment, the lower electrode 2 functions as a reflective layer that reflects light generated from the organic layer 4 to improve the light-emitting efficiency of the light-emitting element 10 in addition to the function as an anode. In order to improve the function as a reflective layer, the lower electrode 2 may be made of a metal material having a reflectance of 80% or more for the emission wavelength of the organic layer 4. Here, the emission wavelength of the organic layer 4 is the wavelength of the maximum intensity of the light emitted from the organic layer 4. As the material of the lower electrode 2, for example, metals such as Al (aluminum) and Ag (silver), or alloys obtained by adding Si, Cu, Ni, Nd, etc. to these metals can be used. Alternatively, the lower electrode 2 may be made of a metal material having a reflectance of 80% or more for light in the visible light region. The lower electrode 2 may have a laminated structure including a barrier layer. The material of the barrier layer may be a metal such as Ti, W, Mo, Au, or an alloy thereof. The barrier layer may be a metal layer disposed on the upper surface of the lower electrode 2.

[0027] The lower electrode 2 has a first portion 21 disposed on the inclined portion 31 of the first insulating layer 3, and a second portion 22 disposed on the substrate 1 so as to contact the substrate 1. The lower electrode further has a fourth portion 24 disposed on the flat portion 31 of the first insulating layer 3. The lower electrode 2 is disposed so as to follow the shape of the layer immediately below. Therefore, the first portion 21 disposed on the inclined portion 31 has its upper and lower surfaces inclined with respect to the first surface of the substrate 1, similar to the inclined portion 31. On the other hand, the second portion 22 disposed on the substrate 1 has its upper and lower surfaces substantially parallel to the first surface of the substrate 1. It can also be said that the second portion 22 is a portion whose surface opposite to the substrate 1 (i.e., the upper surface) has a smaller inclination angle with respect to the substrate 1 than the first portion 21. The upper surface of the flat portion 32 is substantially parallel to the first surface of the substrate 1. Therefore, the upper and lower surfaces of fourth portion 24 disposed on flat portion 32 are substantially parallel to the first surface of substrate 1. It can also be said that fourth portion 24 is a portion whose surface opposite substrate 1 (i.e., upper surface) has a smaller inclination angle with respect to substrate 1 than first portion 21. It can also be said that first portion 21 is disposed so as to surround second portion 22 in plan view. It can also be said that fourth portion 24 is disposed so as to surround first portion 21 in plan view.

[0028] The organic layer 4 is disposed between the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 5. The organic layer 4 is disposed on the lower electrode 2 and the first insulating layer 3 in a continuous manner, in common to the plurality of light-emitting elements 10. It can be said that one organic layer 4 is shared by the plurality of light-emitting elements 10. The organic layer 4 may be disposed in common across the plurality of sub-pixels SP constituting one pixel PX. The organic layer 4 may be separated between adjacent pixels PX, or may be disposed in common across the plurality of pixels PX. The organic layer 4 may be integrally formed across the entire display region 110 that displays an image of the organic light-emitting device 100. When the organic layer 4 is composed of a plurality of layers, at least some of the layers may be disposed in a continuous manner across the plurality of light-emitting elements 10. When the size of the sub-pixels SP is minute, it is particularly effective to dispose the organic layer 4 in common across the plurality of sub-pixels SP.

[0029] Consider a case where the pixels PX included in the organic light-emitting device 100 each include a first subpixel SPR having a first lower electrode 2R and a second subpixel SPG having a second lower electrode 2G. In this case, at least a part of the organic layer 4 may be continuously arranged from above the first lower electrode 2R to above the second lower electrode 2G. Note that "continuously arranged" means that it is arranged without interruption along the way. Also, "continuously arranged from above the first lower electrode 2R to above the second lower electrode 2G" means that it is arranged without interruption from above the first lower electrode 2R to above the second lower electrode 2G.

[0030] Consider a case where the pixels PX included in the organic light-emitting device 100 include a first subpixel SPR having a first lower electrode 2R, a second subpixel SPG having a second lower electrode 2G, and a third subpixel SPB having a third lower electrode 2B. In this case, at least a part of the organic layer 4 may satisfy the following. It may be continuously arranged in at least two of the following areas: between the top of the first lower electrode 2R and the top of the second lower electrode 2G, between the top of the second lower electrode 2G and the top of the third lower electrode 2B, and between the top of the third lower electrode 2B and the top of the first lower electrode 2R. It may also be continuously arranged in all of the following areas: between the top of the first lower electrode 2R and the top of the second lower electrode 2G, between the top of the second lower electrode 2G and the top of the third lower electrode 2B, and between the top of the third lower electrode 2B and the top of the first lower electrode 2R.

[0031] The organic layer 4 includes a light-emitting layer in which holes supplied from the lower electrode 2 and electrons supplied from the upper electrode 2 are recombined to emit light. The organic layer 4 may include a hole transport layer, a light-emitting layer, and an electron transport layer. Appropriate materials can be selected from the organic layer 4 in terms of light-emitting efficiency, driving life, optical interference, and the like. The hole transport layer may function as an electron block layer or a hole injection layer, and may have a laminated structure of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron block layer, and the like. The light-emitting layer may have a laminated structure of light-emitting layers that emit different colors, or may be a mixed layer in which light-emitting dopants that emit different colors are mixed. The light-emitting layer may include a first color light-emitting material that emits a first color light, a second color light-emitting material that emits a second color light, and a third color light-emitting material that emits a third color, and may be configured to obtain white light by mixing the respective light-emitting colors. The first color, the second color, and the third color may be, for example, red, green, and blue, respectively. The light-emitting layer may contain light-emitting materials having complementary colors, such as a blue light-emitting material and a yellow light-emitting material. The electron transport layer may function as a hole blocking layer or an electron injection layer, and may have a laminated structure of an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, and a hole blocking layer.

[0032] The organic layer 4 may have a plurality of light-emitting layers and an intermediate layer disposed between a plurality of functional layers, and the organic light-emitting device 100 may be a light-emitting device having a tandem structure in which the intermediate layer is a charge generating layer. The tandem structure may have a charge transport layer, such as a hole transport layer or an electron transport layer, between the charge generating layer and the light-emitting layer.

[0033] The charge generation layer is a layer that contains an electron donating material and an electron accepting material and generates charges. The electron donating material and the electron accepting material are materials that donate electrons and accept the electrons, respectively. As a result, positive and negative charges are generated in the charge generation layer, so that positive or negative charges can be supplied to layers above and below the charge generation layer. The electron donating material may be, for example, an alkali metal such as lithium or cesium. The electron donating material may also be, for example, lithium fluoride, a lithium complex, cesium carbonate, or a cesium complex. In this case, the electron donating property may be expressed by being contained together with a reducing material such as aluminum, magnesium, or calcium. The electron accepting material may be, for example, an inorganic material such as molybdenum oxide, or an organic material such as [dipyrazino[2,3-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile] (HAT-CN). The electron-accepting material and the electron-donating material may be mixed or laminated.

[0034] The upper electrode 5 is a cathode and is disposed on the organic layer 4. The upper electrode 5 is continuously formed over the plurality of light emitting elements 10 and is shared by the plurality of light emitting elements 10. As with the organic layer 4, the upper electrode 5 may be integrally formed over the entire surface of the display region 110 that displays an image of the organic light emitting device 100. The upper electrode 5 may be an electrode that transmits at least a part of the light that reaches the lower surface of the upper electrode 5. The upper electrode may function as a semi-transmissive reflective layer that transmits a part of the light and reflects the other part (i.e., semi-transmissive reflectivity). The upper electrode 5 may be formed of, for example, a metal such as magnesium or silver, an alloy mainly composed of magnesium or silver, or an alloy material containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. In addition, the upper electrode 5 may be made of an oxide conductor such as ITO, IZO, ZnO, AZO, or IGZO. In addition, the upper electrode 5 may have a laminated structure as long as it has an appropriate transmittance.

[0035] The protective layer 6 is formed continuously over the plurality of light emitting elements 10 on the upper electrode 5, and is shared by the plurality of light emitting elements 10. The protective layer 6 may contain an inorganic material that is translucent and has low permeability to oxygen and moisture from the outside. The protective layer 6 is also called a moisture-proof layer or a sealing layer. The protective layer 6 may be formed of, for example, silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (e.g., SiON), aluminum oxide (e.g., Al 2 O 3 ), silicon oxide (SiOx) and titanium oxide (e.g., TiO 2 ) and the like. Silicon nitride and silicon oxynitride may be formed, for example, by using a CVD method or a sputtering method. Meanwhile, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide and titanium oxide may be formed by using an atomic layer deposition method (ALD method). The combination of the constituent materials and manufacturing method of the protective layer 6 is not limited to the above examples, but may be manufactured in consideration of the layer thickness to be formed, the time required for the formation, and the like. The protective layer 6 may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure as long as it transmits light transmitted through the upper electrode 5 and has sufficient moisture blocking performance.

[0036] The color filter layer 70 is formed on the protective layer 6. As described above, the color filter layer 70 may include a first color filter 7R, a second color filter 7G, and a third color filter 7B. Like the first color filter 7R and the second color filter 7G shown in FIG. 2, the color filters 7 included in the color filter layer 70 may be in contact with each other without any gaps. Also, the color filters 7 may be arranged such that an end of each color filter 7 overlaps an end of a color filter 7 of another color.

[0037] The planarization layer 8 is formed between the protective layer 6 and the color filter layer 70, and the planarization layer 9 is formed on the color filter layer 70. The planarization layers 8 and 9 are made of, for example, a resin.

[0038] (Configuration of each layer disposed on the inclined portion of the first insulating layer) Next, the configuration of each layer disposed on the inclined portion 31 of the first insulating layer 3 will be described.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 2, in the organic light-emitting device 100 according to this embodiment, the first insulating layer 3 has an inclined portion 31, and the lower electrode 2, the organic layer 4, and the upper electrode 5 are laminated on the inclined portion 31. The portion of the organic layer 4 disposed on the first portion 21 of the lower electrode 2 has a smaller layer thickness than the portion disposed on the second portion 22 of the lower electrode 2. Here, in this specification, the "layer thickness" of the layer A is the thickness in the normal direction to the upper surface of the layer B (i.e., the surface of the layer B in contact with the layer A) that is the base of the layer A. That is, the layer thickness of the portion of the organic layer 4 disposed on the first portion 21 of the lower electrode 2 can also be said to be the thickness in the normal direction to the upper surface of the first portion 21. Also, the layer thickness of the portion of the organic layer 4 disposed on the second portion 22 of the lower electrode 2 can also be said to be the thickness in the normal direction to the upper surface of the second portion 22.

[0040] This makes it possible to make the resistance in the layer thickness direction of the portion of the organic layer 4 disposed on the first portion 21 smaller than the resistance in the layer thickness direction of the portion disposed on the second portion 22. This makes it possible for charge recombination to occur in the portion of the organic layer 4 above the first portion 21 where the organic layer 4 is thinner before the charge reaches the adjacent subpixel SP, even if the charge injected from the lower electrode 2 flows laterally, i.e., toward the adjacent subpixel SP. As a result, charge crosstalk between the subpixels SP can be suppressed, and current leakage between the subpixels SP can be suppressed.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the organic layer 4, which is disposed on the slope 31 and is thin, is disposed so as to be sandwiched between the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 5. As a result, while the organic light-emitting device 100 is driven and the light-emitting element 10 constituting the subpixel SP is caused to emit light, an electric field is applied between the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 5. This makes it possible to make charge recombination occur more easily in the organic layer 4 on the slope 31 than in the case where the organic layer 4 is disposed thinly on the slope 31 without providing the lower electrode 2. As a result, current leakage between the subpixels SP can be further suppressed.

[0042] FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the dotted line portion C in FIG. 2. As described above, the lower electrode 2 has a first portion 21 arranged on the inclined portion 31, a second portion 22 in contact with the substrate 1, and a fourth portion 24 arranged on the flat portion 32. The organic layer 4 is arranged to cover the lower electrode 2 and the first insulating layer 3, and has a first region 41 arranged on the first portion 21 and having a thin layer thickness, and a second region 42 arranged on the second portion 22. The first region 41 is inclined with respect to the first surface of the substrate 1 like the inclined portion 31 and the first portion 21 of the lower layer, and therefore can also be called the inclined region of the organic layer 4. The second region 42 has its upper and lower surfaces arranged approximately parallel to the first surface of the substrate 1 like the second portion 22 of the lower layer, and therefore can also be called the flat region of the organic layer 4.

[0043] 1, the inclined portion 31 is formed so as to go around each side of the hexagon along the periphery of the lower electrode 2. In other words, the inclined portion 31 is disposed so as to surround the second portion 22 of the lower electrode 2 that is in contact with the organic layer 4.

[0044] The first region 41 of the organic layer 4 is a portion disposed on the first portion 21 and has a thin layer thickness, but as shown in FIG. 3, there are also portions at both ends where the layer thickness is not thin. That is, the layer thickness is thin in the portion of the first region 41 included in the region where the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 5 face each other in parallel, but this is not limited to the other portions. In the portion of the first region 41 adjacent to the second region 42, the first region 41 is filled by the second region 42 having a large layer thickness, so the layer thickness is large. The same is true for the end of the first region 41 opposite the second region 42. Therefore, it is preferable to measure the layer thickness of the first region 41 in the region where the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 5 face each other in parallel. Similarly, it is preferable to measure the layer thickness of the second region 42 in the region where the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 5 face each other in parallel. As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the layer thickness T1 of the first region 41 is smaller than the layer thickness T2 of the second region 42.

[0045] 3, it is preferable that the height H1 of the upper surface of the organic layer 4 in the second region 42 is lower than the height H2 of the upper end 33 of the inclined portion 31. This prevents the organic layer 4 formed on the lower electrode 2 from completely filling up the organic layer 4 formed along the inclined portion 31. Therefore, when the organic layer 4 is disposed on the lower electrode 2 and the first insulating layer 3, it is easy to make the layer thickness of the first region 41 disposed on the inclined portion 31 thin. This makes it easier to suppress current leakage between the subpixels SP.

[0046] (Spacing between the main light-emitting regions and layer thickness of the first region) As described above, in the organic light-emitting device 100, a lower electrode 2 is disposed for each of the subpixels SP. Here, as shown in Fig. 2, the shortest distance between the second portion 22 of a given lower electrode 2 and the second portion 22 of the adjacent lower electrode 2 is defined as d. In other words, the distance d can also be said to be the shortest distance between two adjacent second regions 42.

[0047] In the organic light-emitting device 100, the ratio (d / T2) of the distance d between the second portions 22 of the two adjacent lower electrodes 2 to the layer thickness T2 of the organic layer 4 (i.e., the second region 42) on the second portion 22 of the lower electrode 2 may be less than 50. Here, the organic layer 4 (i.e., the second region 42) disposed on the second portion 22 of the lower electrode 2 is the portion that contributes most to light emission among the light-emitting regions of each subpixel SP, and can also be called the main light-emitting region. The smaller the ratio (d / T2) of the distance d to the layer thickness T2, the smaller the interval between the main light-emitting regions of the organic layer 4, and the more densely the light-emitting elements 10 constituting the subpixels SP are arranged. In electronic devices such as conventional organic light-emitting devices, when the ratio (d / T2) of the distance d to the layer thickness T2 is less than 50, current leakage between the subpixels SP is a particularly big problem. The reason for this will be explained below.

[0048] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an organic light-emitting device 900 of a comparative example. The organic light-emitting device 900 differs from the organic light-emitting device 100 in that the organic light-emitting device 900 does not have the inclined portion 31 of the first insulating layer 3 and the first portion 21 of the lower electrode 2 arranged on the inclined portion 31. In other words, the organic light-emitting device 900 does not have the current leakage suppression structure of the organic light-emitting device 100 according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 4, an equivalent circuit of the light-emitting element 10R is shown overlapping. Note that this equivalent circuit is a schematic representation of the resistance value of the organic layer 4 in FIG. 4, and does not mean that an electronic circuit is incorporated. In addition, an equivalent circuit of the light-emitting element 10G is also shown to explain the current leakage between the light-emitting elements 10. The light-emitting element 10R of the organic light-emitting device 900 is a red light-emitting element that emits red light, and the light-emitting element 10G is a green light-emitting element that emits green light.

[0049] The thickness of the organic layer 4 on the lower electrode 2R is T2, the distance between the openings of the lower electrode 2R and the lower electrode 2G is d, and the resistance per unit area in the thickness direction of the organic layer 4 is r. In this comparative example, the lower electrode 2 is composed only of a flat portion formed on the flat substrate 1. Therefore, it can be said that the entire lower electrode 2 is the second portion 22. Therefore, the distance between the openings of the lower electrode 2R and the lower electrode 2G can be said to be the distance between the second portions 2 of two adjacent lower electrodes 2.

[0050] At this time, the resistance per unit area of ​​the organic layer 4 in the horizontal direction is r(d / T2). From this, the current flowing between the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 5 of the light emitting element 10R is I R The current flowing between the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 5 of the light emitting element 10G is I G Then, the following relationship holds:

[0051] I G / I R =1 / (1+d / T2)...Equation (1) Equation (1) means that even if one tries to make only light-emitting element 10R emit light, a current also flows through light-emitting element 10G, causing light emission of light from light-emitting element 10G. The magnitude of the current flowing through adjacent light-emitting element 10G depends on d / T2, and the smaller d / T2 is, the more easily a current flows through adjacent light-emitting element 10G.

[0052] The emission spectrum of only the light-emitting element 10R when it is illuminated with the same amount of current is S R , light-emitting element 10 G The emission spectrum of only S G In this case, the emission spectrum S taking into consideration the leakage current between the light emitting elements 10 is R+G is expressed by the following equation (2).

[0053] S R+G =S R +S G (I G / I R )...Equation (2) S R+G The chromaticity coordinates in the CIExy space were calculated, and a graph with the x-coordinate value (CIE_x) of the chromaticity coordinates on the vertical axis and d / T2 on the horizontal axis is shown in Figure 5. Figure 5 shows the relationship between d / T2 and the x-value of the chromaticity coordinates. A change in the x-coordinate of the chromaticity coordinates in Figure 5 means that green is also being emitted, despite the intention to emit red light. In other words, a small x-coordinate value in Figure 5 indicates the occurrence of leakage current to the adjacent pixel.

[0054] 5, when d / T2 is 50 or more, the x-coordinate value remains high and changes little. On the other hand, when d / T2 is less than 50, the x-coordinate value drops significantly, and it is clear that the reduction in color purity of red becomes significant. Thus, it can be seen that when the ratio (d / T2) of the distance d to the layer thickness T2 is less than 50, current leakage between subpixels SP can be a particularly big issue.

[0055] On the other hand, in the case of the present embodiment, a current leakage suppression structure that suppresses current leakage between subpixels SP is realized by providing the inclined portion 31 of the first insulating layer 3 and the first portion 21 of the lower electrode 2 disposed on the inclined portion 31. With this configuration, even if the ratio (d / T2) of the distance d to the layer thickness T2 is less than 50 and current leakage is likely to occur between the subpixels SP, it is possible to suppress current leakage.

[0056] (Angle of inclination of the inclined portion of the insulating layer) As shown in FIG. 3, the inclination angle of the inclined portion 31 is set to θ i The inclination angle of the upper surface of the first portion 21 of the lower electrode 2 is θ j Let θ j It can also be said that θ is the inclination angle of the upper surface of the layer that serves as the base on which the organic layer 4 is formed, that is, the inclination angle of the upper surface of the layer that is in contact with the lower surface of the first region 41. In this case, the inclination angle of the lower surface of the first portion 21 of the lower electrode 2 is θ i The inclination angle of the lower surface of the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 is θ j When the lower electrode 2 is formed on the inclined portion 31 with a constant layer thickness, θ i and θ j are approximately equal.

[0057] At this time, the inclination angle θ j is preferably 30° or more, and more preferably 50° or more. i and θ j are approximately equal, the inclination angle θ i It is preferable that the angle is equal to or greater than 30°, and more preferably equal to or greater than 50°. This makes it easier to reduce the layer thickness T1 of the organic layer 4 in the first region 41, and can enhance the effect of suppressing current leakage between the subpixels SP. The reason for this is as follows.

[0058] In order to obtain knowledge about a preferable inclination angle of the inclined portion 31 in this embodiment, a film formation simulation by a vapor deposition method (vapor deposition simulation) was carried out. Fig. 6 is a layout diagram showing the positional relationship between a film formation source (vapor deposition source) and a film formation target (substrate), which is the premise of the film formation simulation. The positions of the vapor deposition source 201, the substrate 202, and the organic device 203 arranged on the substrate were set as shown in Fig. 6, with R = 200 mm, r = 95 mm, and h = 340 mm.

[0059] The deposition distribution expressed by the following formula (3) was set to n=2.

[0060] φ=φ 0 cos n α...Equation (3) In equation (3), α is the angle, φ is the steam flow density at angle α, and φ 0 is the vapor flow density at α = 0. It is also assumed that the substrate 202 rotates around its center.

[0061] Assuming that there is an inclined portion with an inclination angle of 0° to 90° at the position of the organic device 203 on the substrate, and assuming that the layer thickness of the organic layer at an inclination angle of 0° is 76 nm, the layer thickness of the organic layer region along the inclined portion at each inclination angle was calculated.

[0062] 7 shows the results of the film formation simulation. It can be seen that when the inclination angle is 30° or more, the layer thickness T1 of the organic layer 4 in the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 along the inclined portion 31 tends to be thin. It can also be seen that when the inclination angle is 50° or more, the layer thickness T1 of the organic layer 4 in the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 along the inclined portion 31 tends to be even thinner.

[0063] On the other hand, the inclination angle θ of the inclined surface of the layer in contact with the lower surface of the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 j is preferably less than 70°, and more preferably less than 60°. This prevents the thickness of the organic layer in the region 41 from becoming too thin, and current leakage between the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 5 can be suppressed.

[0064] The layer thickness T1 of the organic layer 4 disposed on the inclined portion 31 may be 20 nm or more. The layer thickness T1 of the organic layer 4 disposed on the inclined portion 31 is preferably 25 nm or more, and particularly preferably 33 nm or more. This makes it possible to further suppress current leakage between the upper electrode 2 and the lower electrode 5.

[0065] [Second embodiment] An organic light-emitting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 8. In the following description, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

[0066] 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an organic light-emitting device 200 according to the second embodiment. In addition to the configuration of the organic light-emitting device 100, the organic light-emitting device 200 has a second insulating layer 14 that covers an end of the lower electrode 2. The rest of the configuration is the same as that of the organic light-emitting device 100 according to the first embodiment.

[0067] In this embodiment, the second insulating layer 14 covers from the fourth portion 24, which is a portion of the lower electrode 2 disposed on the flat portion 32 of the first insulating layer 3, to the flat portion of the lower electrode 2 disposed on the substrate 1. Here, the portion of the lower electrode 2 that is disposed between the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 and has a smaller inclination angle with respect to the substrate than the first portion 21 is defined as the third portion 23. The third portion 23 may be a portion whose upper surface is parallel to the first surface of the substrate 1, similar to the second portion 22. The third portion 23 and the fourth portion 24 may both be portions whose upper surfaces are parallel to the first surface of the substrate 1, but the third portion 23 is disposed closer to the substrate 1 than the fourth portion 24. That is, the second insulating layer 14 is disposed on the third portion 23, the first portion 21, and the fourth portion 24. Since the second insulating layer 14 is disposed on the first portion 21 disposed on the inclined portion 31, it can also be said that the second insulating layer 14 is disposed on the inclined portion 31. Furthermore, the lower electrodes 2 are arranged continuously up to the ends of the lower electrodes 2 of the adjacent subpixels SP.

[0068] The lower electrode 2 contacts the organic layer 4 in a portion not covered by the second insulating layer 14, i.e., in the opening of the second insulating layer 14. In this embodiment, the lower electrode 2 contacts the organic layer 4 in a central region (second portion 22) of the portion disposed on the substrate 1. Therefore, in this embodiment, this region becomes the light-emitting region. In other words, the light-emitting region is defined by the opening of the second insulating layer 14.

[0069] In this embodiment as well, by arranging the lower electrode 2 and the organic layer 4 on the inclined portion 31, the thickness of the organic layer 4 can be reduced, and an electric field can be applied between the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 5, thereby suppressing current leakage between the subpixels SP. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the second insulating layer 14 is arranged so as to cover the lower electrode 2 that runs over the first insulating layer 3, so that the first portion 21 on the inclined portion 31 is configured not to contact the organic layer 4. As a result, charge is not injected into the organic layer 4 from the lower electrode 2 arranged on the inclined portion 31, and light emission in the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 is suppressed compared to the first embodiment.

[0070] In the first embodiment, since the resistance of the organic layer 4 (first region 41) on the inclined portion 31 is low, the amount of recombination light emitted by the charge injected from the lower electrode 2 on the inclined portion 31 is also likely to be large. However, compared with the organic layer 4 (second region 42) on the flat portion (second portion 22) of the lower electrode 2, the light emitted from the organic layer 4 (first region 41) on the inclined portion (first portion 21) of the lower electrode 2 is less likely to be extracted in the front direction of the light emitting element 10. In other words, the light emitted in the first region 41 is less likely to contribute to the light emitting efficiency of the light emitting element 10 than the light emitted in the second region 42. Therefore, if the first region 41 is also in contact with the lower electrode 2 to inject charges as in the first embodiment, the light emitting efficiency may be reduced.

[0071] On the other hand, in this embodiment, the first region 41 is not in contact with the lower electrode 2, and only the second region 42 is in contact with the lower electrode 2. Therefore, charges are injected intensively into the second region 42, so that the light emission efficiency can be improved. Then, charges that are injected into the second region 42 but flow toward the adjacent subpixel SP are recombined in the first region 41 to emit light, so that current leakage between the subpixels SP is suppressed. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the second insulating layer 14 is also disposed on the third portion 23, so that an electric field is applied to the organic layer 4 (third region (not shown)) disposed on the third portion 23 without injection of charges from the lower electrode 2. Therefore, charge recombination is also promoted in the third region. As a result, charges that flow from the first region 41 toward the second region 42 are recombined on the way, so that the charges are less likely to reach the second region 42. As a result, the light emission efficiency can be further improved.

[0072] [Third embodiment] An organic light-emitting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 9. In the following description, differences from the second embodiment will be mainly described.

[0073] The organic light-emitting device 300 according to the third embodiment has a reflective layer 12 between the substrate 1 and the lower electrode 2 in addition to the organic light-emitting device 200 according to the second embodiment. A first insulating layer 3 is disposed on the reflective layer 12 so as to cover the reflective layer 12. In the organic light-emitting device 200, the second portion 22 of the lower electrode 2 is formed on and in contact with the substrate 1, but in the organic light-emitting device 300, the second portion 22 of the lower electrode 2 is formed on a second flat portion 35 of the first insulating layer 3.

[0074] The reflective layer 12 is a layer that reflects light that is emitted in the organic layer 4 and travels toward the substrate 1. The reflective layer 12 may be separated for each subpixel SP. Fig. 9 shows an example in which the reflective layer 12 is separated for each subpixel SP, where the first subpixel SPR has a first reflective layer 12R, the second subpixel SPG has a second reflective layer 12G, and the third subpixel SPB has a third reflective layer 12B.

[0075] From the viewpoint of the light-emitting efficiency of the organic light-emitting device 300, the reflective layer 12 may be made of a material having a visible light reflectance of 50% or more. Specifically, metals such as Al and Ag, or alloys of these metals with Si, Cu, Ni, Nd, Ti, or the like, may be used as the reflective layer 12. The reflective layer 12 may also have a barrier layer on the light-reflecting surface. The material of the barrier layer of the reflective layer 12 may be a metal such as Ti, W, Mo, or Au, an alloy of these metals, or a transparent conductive oxide such as ITO or IZO.

[0076] The reflective layer 12 may have a conductive layer 13 on the peripheral region of the reflective layer 12. The conductive layer 13 is made of, for example, Ti or TiN, and may be the above-mentioned barrier layer. By providing the conductive layer 13 on the reflective layer 12, it is possible to reduce the resistance when electrically connecting the reflective layer 12 and the lower electrode 2. For example, each lower electrode 2 may extend up to an opening (contact hole) provided in the first insulating layer 3 and be electrically connected to the conductive layer 13 in the peripheral portion of the reflective layer 12 arranged below the opening through the opening.

[0077] In this embodiment, since the reflective layer 12 is formed on the first surface of the substrate 1, the lower surface of the reflective layer 12 coincides with the first surface. Therefore, the lower surface of the reflective layer 12 may be regarded as the first surface.

[0078] The first insulating layer 3 is a light-transmitting insulating layer disposed between the reflective layer 12 and the lower electrode 2. The first insulating layer 3 of the organic light-emitting device 300 is disposed continuously across a plurality of subpixels SP, but is provided so that the thickness of each subpixel SP differs. This may result in a configuration (resonant structure) in which the optical distance between the reflective layer 12 and the light-emitting position of the light-emitting layer of the organic layer 4 is optimized for each color. Therefore, the first insulating layer 3 can also be called an optical adjustment layer.

[0079] The first insulating layer 3 may be composed of a single layer or multiple layers. The first insulating layer 3 is composed of multiple layers, and the number of layers stacked may differ for each subpixel SP. The material constituting the first insulating layer 3 is not particularly limited, but for example, silicon oxide (SiOx) can be used.

[0080] The lower electrode 2 is disposed on the first insulating layer 3. As described above, the lower electrode 2 is disposed so as to be electrically separated for each subpixel SP. The lower electrode 2 can be made of a transparent material, for example, an oxide conductor such as ITO, IZO, ZnO, AZO, or IGZO. The first insulating layer 3 and the lower electrode 2 are optically transparent.

[0081] The optical distance between the upper electrode 5 and the reflective layer 12 of the organic light-emitting device 300 according to this embodiment may be a constructive interference structure. The constructive interference structure may also be called a resonant structure.

[0082] By forming the organic layer 4 and the first insulating layer 3 so as to satisfy the constructive optical interference condition, it is possible to enhance the extracted light from the organic light-emitting device by optical interference. If the optical conditions are set to enhance the extracted light in the front direction, the light is emitted in the front direction with higher efficiency. It is also known that the half-width of the emission spectrum of the light enhanced by optical interference is smaller than that of the emission spectrum before interference. In other words, the color purity can be increased.

[0083] When designed for light of wavelength λ, the distance d from the light emitting position of the light emitting layer of the organic layer 4 to the reflective surface of the reflective layer 12 is0 d 0 = iλ / 4n 0 By adjusting the i to (i=1,3,5,...), constructive interference can be achieved.

[0084] As a result, the radiation distribution of light with wavelength λ has more components in the front direction, improving the front luminance. 0 is the refractive index at wavelength λ of the layer from the light emission position to the reflecting surface.

[0085] In this embodiment, in order to optimize the optical distance between the light emitting position of the light emitting layer of the organic layer 4 and the reflective layer 12 for each color, the optical distance Lr between the light emitting position of the light emitting layer of the organic layer 4 and the reflective surface (e.g., the upper surface) of the reflective layer 12 is set to approximately satisfy the following formula (4). Note that the optical distance L is determined by the refractive index n of each layer of the organic layer. j and the thickness of each layer d j That is, L is the sum of the products of Σn j ×d j Also, n 0 ×d 0 It can also be expressed as: where φ is a negative value.

[0086] Lr=(2m-(φr / π))×(λ / 4)...Equation (4) Here, in the above formula (4), m is an integer (non-negative integer) equal to or greater than 0, and φr is the sum [rad] of the phase shift amounts when light of wavelength λ is reflected by the reflecting surface. Note that when φ=-π and m=0, L=λ / 4, and when m=1, L=3λ / 4. Hereinafter, the condition of m=0 in the above formula (4) will be referred to as the λ / 4 interference condition, and the condition of m=1 in the above formula (4) will be referred to as the 3λ / 4 interference condition.

[0087] Moreover, the optical distance Ls between the light emitting position of the light emitting layer of the organic layer 4 and the reflecting surface (for example, the lower surface) of the upper electrode 5 is set so as to approximately satisfy the following formula (5).

[0088] Ls=(2m'-(φs / π))×(λ / 4)=-(φs / π)×(λ / 4)...Equation (5) Here, in the above formula (5), m' is an integer of 0 or more (non-negative integer), and φs is the sum [rad] of the phase shifts when light with wavelength λ is reflected by the reflecting surface.

[0089] Therefore, the total layer interference L from the reflective layer 12 to the upper electrode 5 is made to approximately satisfy the following formula (6).

[0090] L = (Lr + Ls) = (2m - (φ / π)) × (λ / 4) ··· Formula (6) Here, in the above formula (16), φ is the sum (φr + φs) of the phase shifts when light with wavelength λ is reflected by the reflective layer 12 and the upper electrode 5.

[0091] At this time, in an actual organic light-emitting device, considering the viewing angle characteristics and the like, which are in a trade-off relationship with the front extraction efficiency, it is not necessary to exactly match the above formula. Specifically, the total layer interference L may have an error within the range of ±λ / 8 from the value that satisfies formula (6), and the allowable value for the total layer interference L to deviate from the interference condition may be 50 nm or more and 75 nm or less.

[0092] Therefore, in the organic light-emitting device 300 according to this embodiment, it is preferable to satisfy the following formula (7). More preferably, the total layer interference L may be within the range of ±λ / 16 from the value that satisfies formula (6), and it is preferable to satisfy the following formula (7').

[0093] (λ / 8) × (4m - (2φ / π) - 1) < L < (λ / 8) × (4m - (2φ / π) + 1) ··· Formula (7) (λ / 16) × (8m - (4φ / π) - 1) < L < (λ / 16) × (8m - (4φ / π) + 1) ··· Formula (7') Here, the emission wavelength λ may be the emission wavelength of the peak with the maximum emission intensity. In the emission of an organic compound, when the emission spectrum contains a plurality of peaks, among these plurality of peaks, it is common that the peak with the shortest wavelength has the maximum emission, so it may be the wavelength of the peak with the shortest wavelength. The emission spectrum refers to the emission spectrum after CF transmission of each light-emitting element.

[0094] A preferred example of the organic light-emitting device 300 according to this embodiment will now be described.

[0095] As shown in FIG. 9, the distance d from the upper surface of the first reflective layer 12R of the first light emitting element 10R to the upper surface of the first lower electrode 2R is 1 and the distance d from the upper surface of the second reflective layer 12G of the second light emitting element 10G to the upper surface of the second lower electrode 2G. 2 It is preferable that the distances d 1 is the shortest distance from the upper surface of the first reflective layer 12R of the first light emitting element 10R to the upper surface of the first lower electrode 2R. 2 is the shortest distance from the upper surface of the second reflective layer 12G of the second light emitting element 10G to the upper surface of the second lower electrode 2G. 1 and distance d 2 and the distance d from the upper surface of the third reflective layer 12B of the third light emitting element 10B to the upper surface of the third lower electrode 2B. 3 It is preferable that the distances d 3 is the shortest distance from the upper surface of the third reflective layer 12B to the upper surface of the third lower electrode 2B of the third light emitting element 10B.

[0096] Also, as shown in FIG. 9, the distance d 1 ~d 3 It is preferable that satisfies the following formula (8) or formula (9).

[0097] d 1 >d 2 ...Equation (8) d 1 >d 2 >d 3 ...Equation (9) In this embodiment, the end of the lower electrode 2 of each light-emitting element 10 may be at the same height. As a result, when the lower electrode 2 is formed by patterning using photolithography, the focus height of the exposure does not change for each light-emitting element 10, so that the lower electrode 2 can be patterned with high precision. In this embodiment, the height of the flat portion 32 of the first insulating layer 3 is set to be a constant height for each subpixel SP. In other words, the upper surfaces of the flat portions 32 of the first insulating layer 3 of each subpixel SP are set to be on the same plane. The second flat portion 35 of the first insulating layer 3 is set to have a different thickness for each subpixel SP in order to function as an optical adjustment layer. In other words, the upper surface of the second flat portion 35 is set to be on a different plane for each subpixel SP. This may be achieved by changing the number of layers constituting the second flat portion 35 for each subpixel SP. On the other hand, the flat portion 32 of the first insulating layer 3 is set to have a constant thickness. This may be achieved by making the number of layers constituting the flat portion 32 uniform for each subpixel SP. By disposing the end of the lower electrode 2 on the flat portion 32 whose height is uniform in this manner, the height of the end of the lower electrode 2 of each subpixel SP can be made uniform.

[0098] On the other hand, when patterning is performed so as to form the end of the lower electrode 2 on the second flat portion 35, the height of the second flat portion 35 differs for each subpixel SP, and therefore the height of the end of the lower electrode 2 differs. Therefore, the focus height of exposure during patterning differs for each subpixel SP.

[0099] FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of FIG. 9. The second insulating layer 14 is disposed so as to cover the lower electrode 2 that runs over the first insulating layer 3, and its end 141 is disposed on the third portion 23 of the lower electrode 2. The second insulating layer 14 is disposed across adjacent subpixels SP, and has two apexes between them. The apex here refers to a portion where the slope of the second insulating layer 14 changes from an upward slope to a downward slope when tracing the upper surface of the second insulating layer 14 from one end 141 of the second insulating layer 14 to the other end 141 of the second insulating layer 14. The apex may include a flat portion, and a portion where the upward slope changes to a downward slope across the flat portion can also be regarded as the apex. In this case, if the end of the apex close to one end 141 is defined as the upper end 142, the second insulating layer 14 has a parallel portion 143 that is approximately parallel to the first surface of the substrate 1 between the end 141 and the upper end 142. The second insulating layer 14 also has an upper inclined portion 144 between the parallel portion 143 and the upper end 142 , and a lower inclined portion 145 between the end portion 141 and the parallel portion 143 .

[0100] At this time, it is preferable that the length H3 in the height direction of the upper inclined portion 144 is greater than the length H4 in the height direction of the lower inclined portion 145. The upper inclined portion 144 is a slope formed by disposing the second insulating layer 14 on the inclined portion 31 of the first insulating layer 3 and the lower electrode 2, and the lower inclined portion 145 is an end side surface of the second insulating layer 14. The first region 41 of the organic layer 4 is disposed on the upper inclined portion 144, and current leakage between the subpixels SP is suppressed by applying an electric field between the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 5 to this portion. Therefore, by making the upper inclined portion 144 longer, it is possible to further suppress current leakage between the subpixels SP.

[0101] The length H4 in the height direction of the lower inclined portion 145 is preferably greater than the length (thickness) T3 in the height direction of the charge transport layer 401 (typically a hole transport layer) of the portion in contact with the lower electrode 2. This makes it easier for the charge transport layer 401 to become thinner along the lower inclined portion 145. This makes it possible to suppress charge crosstalk (i.e., current leakage) between the subpixels SP.

[0102] Furthermore, it is preferable that the length H4 in the height direction of the lower inclined portion 145 is shorter than the length (thickness) T2 in the height direction of the organic layer 4 at the portion in contact with the lower electrode 2. This makes it difficult for the organic layer 4 to become too thin at a portion, since the organic layer 4 along the lower inclined portion 145 is buried in the organic layer 4 formed in the portion parallel to the substrate 1. Therefore, it is possible to suppress current leakage between the upper electrode 5 and the lower electrode 2.

[0103] Furthermore, the length H4 in the height direction of the lower inclined portion 145 is shorter than the length H3 in the height direction of the upper inclined portion 144, and the lower inclined portion 145 is preferably an inclined portion having a steepest inclination angle greater than that of the upper inclined portion 144. In other words, the lower inclined portion 145 is preferably an inclined portion having a steeper inclination angle than that of the upper inclined portion 144. As a result, the lower inclined portion 145 can easily thin the charge transport layer 401 disposed thereon due to its large inclination angle. On the other hand, by shortening the length in the height direction of the lower inclined portion 145, it is possible to prevent the organic layer 4 disposed thereon from becoming too thin. This makes it possible to simultaneously suppress current leakage (charge crosstalk) between the subpixels SP and current leakage between the upper electrode 5 and the lower electrode 2. Furthermore, since the upper inclined portion 144 is an inclined portion having a small inclination angle, it is possible to prevent the organic layer 4 disposed thereon from becoming too thin. Furthermore, by increasing the height of the upper inclined portion 144, the portion to which an electric field is applied to the organic layer 4 disposed above it can be increased in length, thereby making it possible to simultaneously suppress current leakage between the subpixels SP and current leakage between the upper and lower electrodes 2.

[0104] In this embodiment, it is preferable that the central part of the reflective layer 12 is thinner than the peripheral part. In other words, the reflective layer 12 has different thicknesses between the part disposed under the second portion 22 of the lower electrode 2 and the part disposed under the flat part 32 of the first insulating layer 3, and it is preferable that the part disposed under the flat part 32 of the first insulating layer 3 is thicker. It is preferable that the first insulating layer 3 is disposed so as to straddle the step formed between the two parts having different thicknesses. This makes it possible to easily form the inclined part 31 of the first insulating layer 3 on the reflective layer 12, reflecting the shape of the reflective layer 12. This makes it possible to suppress crosstalk of charges between the subpixels SP.

[0105] [Fourth embodiment] An organic light emitting device 400 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 11. In the following description, differences from the third embodiment will be mainly described.

[0106] 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an organic light-emitting device 400 according to a fourth embodiment. In addition to the configuration of the organic light-emitting device 300, the organic light-emitting device 400 has a microlens array MLA on the second planarization layer 9. The other configurations are the same as those of the organic light-emitting device 300 according to the third embodiment.

[0107] The microlens array MLA includes a first microlens 11R corresponding to the first light-emitting element 10R, a second microlens 11G corresponding to the second light-emitting element 10G, and a third microlens 11B corresponding to the third light-emitting element 10B. Each microlens 11 is arranged so as to overlap with the center of the light-emitting area of ​​the corresponding light-emitting element 10 in a planar view. Note that the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting element 10 is defined by the opening of the second insulating layer 14, but the center of the light-emitting area may be the center of gravity of the opening of the second insulating layer 14.

[0108] The microlenses 11 constituting the microlens array MLA may be conventionally known. The material of the microlenses 11 may be resin. The microlens array MLA may be formed, for example, by forming a film (photoresist film) from a material for forming the microlenses 11, and exposing and developing the photoresist film using a mask having a continuous gradation change. As such a mask, a gray mask or an area gradation mask may be used. In addition, the lens shape may be adjusted by performing an etch-back on the microlenses 11 formed by the exposure and development process. The shape of the microlenses 11 may be any shape that can refract the emitted light, and may be spherical or aspherical, and may have an asymmetric cross-sectional shape.

[0109] It is preferable that the light exit surface side of the microlens 11, in other words the side opposite to the color filter 7, is filled with a material having a lower refractive index than the microlens 11, typically air. This can increase the light collecting effect of the microlens 11.

[0110] In the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 along the inclined portion 31, charge recombination is promoted by the effect of the electric field applied between the upper electrode 5 and the lower electrode 2. In this embodiment, the lower electrode 2 along the inclined portion 31 is covered with the second insulating layer 14, but charges can move along the charge transport layer 401 included in the organic layer 4 disposed on the second portion 22 and reach the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 along the inclined portion 31. The charges recombine in the first region 41, and the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 emits light.

[0111] In this embodiment, as described above, the optical distance is adjusted according to the color of the light emitted from the light emitting element 10, so that the emitted light is strengthened. However, since the inclined portion 31 of the first insulating layer 3 is present below the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 along the inclined portion 31, a deviation from the optical distance adjusted based on the second region 42 occurs. Therefore, the light L1G emitted by charge recombination and emission in the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 along the inclined portion 31 becomes light with an intensified wavelength shifted from the desired wavelength. Therefore, in this embodiment, the microlens 11 is disposed so that the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 along the inclined portion 31 and the inclined portion of the microlens 11 overlap in a plan view. As a result, the light emitted from the first region 41 toward the front of the light emitting element 10 is refracted by the microlens 11 and becomes light L2G that is emitted in a direction shifted from the front direction, so that it is difficult to extract the light toward the front.

[0112] Therefore, by providing the microlens array MLA, the color purity of the light emitted from the light emitting element 10 can be improved.

[0113] [Fifth embodiment] An organic light emitting device 500 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 12. In the following description, differences from the third embodiment will be mainly described.

[0114] 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an organic light-emitting device 500 according to a fifth embodiment. The organic light-emitting device 500 is the same as that of the third embodiment, except that the color filters 7 of different colors included in the color filter layer 70 have overlapping portions where they overlap each other.

[0115] The organic light-emitting device 500 has an overlapping region 71 where an end of the first color filter 7R rides up on an end of the second color filter 7G. The organic light-emitting device 500 also has an overlapping region 72 where an end of the third color filter 7B rides up on an end of the second color filter 7G.

[0116] In this embodiment, the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 along the inclined portion 31 is arranged at a position that overlaps in plan view with the overlapping region (71, 72) where the color filters 7 overlap each other. This allows the light L1G emitted in the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 along the inclined portion 31 to be absorbed by the two types of color filters 7. As described above, the light emitted in the first region 41 has low color purity, so this light is attenuated or blocked by the overlapping region of the color filters 7, making it difficult for the light to be extracted to the outside. This allows the color purity of the light emitted from the light-emitting element 10 to be further increased.

[0117] Moreover, the sealing layer 6 may have a low-density region (not shown) between the second portions 22 of the lower electrodes 2 of two adjacent light-emitting elements 10 in plan view. The low-density region is preferably disposed at a position overlapping the first region 41 in plan view. As described above, the light emitted in the first region 41 and emitted becomes light with an intensified wavelength that is shifted from the desired wavelength, which causes a decrease in color purity. Furthermore, the light emitted in the first region 41 of the organic layer 4 along the inclined portion 31 may be emitted in the direction of the color filter 7 of the adjacent light-emitting element 10, and if the light passes through the color filter 7 of the adjacent light-emitting element 10 and is emitted, color mixing occurs. As described above, the sealing layer 6 has a low-density region, and the light is scattered by the low-density region, making it difficult for the light to be extracted to the outside. This makes it possible to further increase the color purity of the light emitted from the light-emitting element 10. The density referred to here is the atomic density [atom / cm 3 ] or weight density [g / cm 3 ] may also be used.

[0118] [Other embodiments] In the above embodiment, the subpixels SPR, SPG, and SPB have color filters 7R, 7G, and 7B, respectively, and the white light emitted from the organic layer 4 is transmitted through each color filter 7 to emit the first to third lights. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the subpixel SP may have no color filter 7. That is, in each of the above embodiments, the present invention also includes a configuration in which at least the light-emitting layer of the multiple layers constituting the organic layer 4 is formed separately for each subpixel. In this case, the first subpixel SPR may have a first light-emitting layer that emits light of a first color, the second subpixel SPG may have a second light-emitting layer that emits light of a second color, and the third subpixel SPB may have a third light-emitting layer that emits light of a third color. At least a part of the layers other than the light-emitting layer of the multiple layers constituting the organic layer 4 may be commonly disposed across the subpixels SP. Even in such an embodiment, the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency while suppressing current leakage between pixels is exhibited.

[0119] In the above embodiment, the element of the electronic device is an organic light-emitting element, in other words, the electronic device is an organic light-emitting device. In this case, the functional layer of the electronic device may be an organic layer including a light-emitting layer. On the other hand, the element of the electronic device may be a photoelectric conversion element, and the electronic device may be a photoelectric conversion device. In this case, the functional layer of the electronic device may be an organic layer including a photoelectric conversion layer.

[0120] 13 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a display device according to this embodiment. The display device 1000 may have a touch panel 1003, a display panel 1005, a frame 1006, a circuit board 1007, and a battery 1008 between an upper cover 1001 and a lower cover 1009. Flexible printed circuits FPC1002 and 1004 are connected to the touch panel 1003 and the display panel 1005. A transistor is printed on the circuit board 1007. The battery 1008 may not be provided if the display device is not a portable device, and may be provided in a different position even if the display device is a portable device.

[0121] The display device according to this embodiment may have color filters having red, green, and blue colors, the red, green, and blue colors being arranged in a delta arrangement.

[0122] The display device according to the present embodiment may be used as a display unit of a mobile terminal. In this case, the display device may have both a display function and an operation function. Examples of the mobile terminal include mobile phones such as smartphones, tablets, and head-mounted displays.

[0123] The display device according to the present embodiment may be used as a display unit of an imaging device having an optical unit with a plurality of lenses and an imaging element that receives light that has passed through the optical unit. The imaging device may have a display unit that displays information acquired by the imaging element. The display unit may be a display unit exposed to the outside of the imaging device, or may be a display unit disposed within a viewfinder. The imaging device may be a digital camera or a digital video camera.

[0124] 14(a) is a schematic diagram showing an example of an imaging device according to this embodiment. The imaging device 1100 may have a viewfinder 1101, a rear display 1102, an operation unit 1103, and a housing 1104. The viewfinder 1101 may have a display device according to this embodiment. In this case, the display device may display not only an image to be captured, but also environmental information, imaging instructions, and the like. The environmental information may include the intensity of external light, the direction of external light, the moving speed of the subject, the possibility that the subject will be blocked by an obstruction, and the like.

[0125] Since the timing suitable for imaging is short, it is better to display information as soon as possible. Therefore, it is preferable to use a display device using the organic light-emitting element of the present invention. This is because the organic light-emitting element has a fast response speed. A display device using an organic light-emitting element can be used more preferably than a liquid crystal display device, which requires a high display speed.

[0126] The imaging device 1100 has an optical section (not shown). The optical section has a plurality of lenses, which form an image on an imaging element housed in a housing 1104. The focus of the plurality of lenses can be adjusted by adjusting their relative positions. This operation can also be performed automatically. The imaging device may be called a photoelectric conversion device. The photoelectric conversion device can include an imaging method that does not capture images sequentially, but detects the difference from the previous image, cuts out an image from an image that is always recorded, and the like.

[0127] FIG. 14(b) is a schematic diagram showing an example of an electronic device according to this embodiment. The electronic device 1200 has a display unit 1201, an operation unit 1202, and a housing 1203. The housing 1203 may have a circuit, a printed circuit board having the circuit, a battery, and a communication unit. The operation unit 1202 may be a button or a touch panel type reaction unit. The operation unit may be a biometric recognition unit that recognizes a fingerprint and performs unlocking or the like. An electronic device having a communication unit can also be called a communication device. The electronic device may further have a camera function by including a lens and an image sensor. An image captured by the camera function is displayed on the display unit. Examples of the electronic device include a smartphone and a notebook computer.

[0128] Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a display device according to this embodiment. Fig. 15(a) shows a display device such as a television monitor or a PC monitor. The display device 1300 has a frame 1301 and a display unit 1302. The light-emitting device according to this embodiment may be used for the display unit 1302.

[0129] It has a frame 1301 and a base 1303 that supports a display unit 1302. The base 1303 is not limited to the form shown in Fig. 15(a). The lower side of the frame 1301 may also serve as the base.

[0130] The frame 1301 and the display unit 1302 may be curved. The radius of curvature may be 5000 mm or more and 6000 mm or less.

[0131] FIG. 15(b) is a schematic diagram showing another example of the display device according to the present embodiment. The display device 1310 of FIG. 15(b) is configured to be bendable, and is a so-called foldable display device. The display device 1310 has a first display unit 1311, a second display unit 1312, a housing 1313, and a bending point 1314. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may have the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may be one display unit without a joint. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 can be separated at the bending point. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may display different images, or the first and second display units may display one image.

[0132] FIG. 16(a) is a schematic diagram showing an example of a lighting device according to this embodiment. The lighting device 1400 may have a housing 1401, a light source 1402, a circuit board 1403, an optical film 1404, and a light diffusion unit 1405. The light source may have an organic light-emitting element according to this embodiment. The optical filter may be a filter that improves the color rendering of the light source. The light diffusion unit can effectively diffuse the light of the light source, such as for lighting up, and deliver the light over a wide range. The optical filter and the light diffusion unit may be provided on the light emission side of the lighting. If necessary, a cover may be provided on the outermost part.

[0133] The lighting device is, for example, a device that illuminates a room. The lighting device may emit white light, neutral white light, or any other color from blue to red. It may have a dimming circuit that adjusts the light intensity. The lighting device may have the organic light-emitting element of the present invention and a power supply circuit connected thereto. The power supply circuit is a circuit that converts AC voltage into DC voltage. Moreover, white has a color temperature of 4200K, and neutral white has a color temperature of 5000K. The lighting device may have a color filter.

[0134] The lighting device according to the present embodiment may also include a heat dissipation section that dissipates heat from within the device to the outside, and examples of the heat dissipation section include metals with high specific heat, liquid silicon, and the like.

[0135] Fig. 16(b) is a schematic diagram of an automobile, which is an example of a moving body according to this embodiment. The automobile has tail lamps, which are an example of a lamp. The automobile 1500 has tail lamps 1501, and may be configured to turn on the tail lamps when braking or the like is performed.

[0136] A tail lamp 1501 may have an organic light-emitting element according to this embodiment. The tail lamp may have a protective member for protecting the organic EL element. The protective member may be made of any material as long as it has a certain degree of strength and is transparent, but is preferably made of polycarbonate or the like. Polycarbonate may be mixed with a furandicarboxylic acid derivative, an acrylonitrile derivative, or the like.

[0137] The automobile 1500 may have a body 1503 and a window 1502 attached thereto. The window may be a transparent display as long as it is not a window for checking the front and rear of the automobile. The transparent display may have an organic light-emitting element according to this embodiment. In this case, the constituent materials of the electrodes and the like of the organic light-emitting element are made of transparent members.

[0138] The moving body according to the present embodiment may be a ship, an aircraft, a drone, or the like. The moving body may have a body and a lamp provided on the body. The lamp may emit light to indicate the position of the body. The lamp has the organic light-emitting element according to the present embodiment.

[0139] An application example of the display device of each of the above-mentioned embodiments will be described with reference to Fig. 17. The display device can be applied to a system that can be worn as a wearable device such as smart glasses, HMD, and smart contacts. An image capturing and display device used in such an application example has an image capturing device capable of photoelectrically converting visible light, and a display device capable of emitting visible light.

[0140] 17(a) illustrates glasses 1600 (smart glasses) according to one application example. An imaging device 1602 such as a CMOS sensor or a SPAD is provided on the front side of a lens 1601 of the glasses 1600. In addition, a display device according to each of the above-mentioned embodiments is provided on the back side of the lens 1601.

[0141] The glasses 1600 further include a control device 1603. The control device 1603 functions as a power source that supplies power to the image capture device 1602 and the display device according to each embodiment. The control device 1603 also controls the operations of the image capture device 1602 and the display device. The lens 1601 is formed with an optical system for focusing light on the image capture device 1602.

[0142] FIG. 17(b) illustrates glasses 1610 (smart glasses) according to one application example. The glasses 1610 have a control device 1612, and the control device 1612 is equipped with an imaging device equivalent to the imaging device 1602 and a display device. The lens 1611 is formed with an optical system for projecting light emitted from the imaging device in the control device 1612 and the display device, and an image is projected onto the lens 1611. The control device 1612 functions as a power source for supplying power to the imaging device and the display device, and controls the operation of the imaging device and the display device. The control device may have a line-of-sight detection unit that detects the line of sight of the wearer. Infrared light may be used for detecting the line of sight. The infrared light emitting unit emits infrared light toward the eyeball of a user gazing at a display image. An imaging unit having a light receiving element detects the reflected light of the emitted infrared light from the eyeball, thereby obtaining an image of the eyeball. By having a reduction means for reducing light from the infrared light emitting unit to the display unit in a planar view, deterioration of image quality is reduced.

[0143] The gaze of the user with respect to the displayed image is detected from an image of the eyeball obtained by capturing infrared light. Any known method can be applied to gaze detection using the image of the eyeball. As an example, a gaze detection method based on a Purkinje image formed by reflection of irradiated light on the cornea can be used.

[0144] More specifically, the gaze detection process is performed based on the pupil-corneal reflex method. Using the pupil-corneal reflex method, a gaze vector that indicates the direction (rotation angle) of the eyeball is calculated based on the pupil image and the Purkinje image included in the captured image of the eyeball, thereby detecting the user's gaze.

[0145] A display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may have an imaging device having a light receiving element, and may control a display image on the display device based on information about a user's line of sight provided by the imaging device.

[0146] Specifically, the display device determines a first field of view area to which the user gazes and a second field of view area other than the first field of view area based on the line-of-sight information. The first field of view area and the second field of view area may be determined by a control device of the display device, or may be received from an external control device. In the display area of ​​the display device, the display resolution of the first field of view area may be controlled to be higher than the display resolution of the second field of view area. In other words, the resolution of the second field of view area may be lower than that of the first field of view area.

[0147] The display area includes a first display area and a second display area different from the first display area, and an area having a high priority is determined from the first display area and the second display area based on line-of-sight information. The first field of view area and the second field of view area may be determined by a control device of the display device, or may be determined by an external control device and received. The resolution of the area having a high priority may be controlled to be higher than the resolution of areas other than the area having a high priority. In other words, the resolution of an area having a relatively low priority may be lowered.

[0148] AI may be used to determine the first field of view area and the area with high priority. The AI ​​may be a model configured to estimate the angle of the line of sight and the distance to an object at the end of the line of sight from the image of the eyeball, using the image of the eyeball and the direction in which the eyeball in the image was actually looking as teacher data. The AI ​​program may be included in the display device, the imaging device, or an external device. If included in the external device, it is transmitted to the display device via communication.

[0149] When display control is performed based on visual recognition detection, the present invention is preferably applicable to smart glasses that further include an imaging device for capturing images of the outside world. The smart glasses can display captured outside information in real time.

[0150] As described above, by using a device using the organic light-emitting element according to this embodiment, it is possible to achieve a display with good image quality and stability even over a long period of time. [Explanation of symbols]

[0151] 1 Board 2 Lower electrode (1st electrode) 21 Part 1 22 Part 2 3 First insulating layer 31 Slope 4 Organic layer (functional layer) 41 First area 42 Second area 5 Upper electrode (second electrode) 10 Light emitting element (element)

Claims

1. A plurality of elements are disposed on a substrate, Each of the plurality of elements has, from the substrate side, an insulating layer, a first electrode, a functional layer, and a second electrode in this order; an electronic device in which the functional layer and the second electrode are continuously disposed from above one of the first electrodes to above the other of the first electrodes so as to cover two first electrodes that are independently provided in two adjacent elements among the plurality of elements, the insulating layer has an inclined portion inclined with respect to the substrate, the first electrode has a first portion disposed on the inclined portion and a second portion in contact with the functional layer and having a smaller inclination angle with respect to the substrate than the first portion; a thickness of the functional layer disposed on the first portion in a normal direction relative to a surface in contact with the first portion is smaller than a thickness of the functional layer disposed on the second portion in a normal direction relative to a surface in contact with the second portion; the plurality of elements includes a first element that emits a first light and a second element that emits a second light, The first element and the second element further include, between the second portion and the substrate, a reflective layer and a part of the insulating layer from the substrate side, a thickness of the portion of the insulating layer of the first element and a thickness of the portion of the insulating layer of the second element are different from each other, the insulating layer has a flat portion at a position farther from the substrate than the second portion, the reflective layer is disposed under the second portion and the flat portion; a thickness of a portion of the reflective layer disposed under the flat portion in a direction perpendicular to the substrate is greater than a thickness of a portion of the reflective layer disposed under the second portion in a direction perpendicular to the substrate; The insulating layer is disposed so as to cover a step formed between a portion of the insulating layer disposed under the second portion and a portion of the insulating layer disposed under the flat portion.

1. An electronic device comprising:

2. The electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein the first portion has an inclination angle of 15° or less with respect to the substrate.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein the first portion is disposed so as to surround the second portion.

4. An electronic device described in any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a second insulating layer disposed between the first electrode and the functional layer.

5. An electronic device described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first electrode is arranged on the insulating layer so as to cover the end of the flat portion and the inclined portion.

6. the inclined portion of the insulating layer is disposed so as to surround the first portion in a plan view of the substrate, The electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein the flat portion of the insulating layer is disposed so as to surround the inclined portion in a plan view of the substrate.

7. 7. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein an upper surface of the flat portion of the insulating layer of the first element and an upper surface of the flat portion of the insulating layer of the second element are on the same plane.

8. An electronic device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the upper surface of the second portion of the first electrode of the first element and the upper surface of the second portion of the first electrode of the second element are on different planes.

9. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the insulating layer functions as an optical tuning layer.

10. An electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 9; and transistors connected to the plurality of elements.

11. An imaging device; The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is provided as a display unit, A display device in which the display image on the display unit is controlled based on user's line of sight information provided from the imaging device.

12. an optical unit having a plurality of lenses, an image sensor that receives light that has passed through the optical unit, and a display unit that displays an image captured by the image sensor; The display unit of a photoelectric conversion apparatus includes the electronic device according to claim 1 .

13. 10. An electronic device comprising: a display unit having the electronic device according to claim 1; a housing in which the display unit is provided; and a communication unit provided in the housing for communicating with an external device.

14. 10. An illumination device comprising: a light source having the electronic device according to claim 1; and a light diffusion section or an optical film that transmits light emitted by the light source.

15. A moving object comprising: a lighting fixture having the electronic device according to claim 1 ; and a body on which the lighting fixture is provided.

Images