Braking device

Abstract

To provide a braking device capable of reducing a displacement rate of a structure when the structure is rapidly displaced largely in a specific direction and facilitating restoration to the original position after the displacement.SOLUTION: A braking device 1 includes: a braking body section 10 that has a cylinder 13 having a fluid chamber 11 filled with working fluid HL and an atmospheric chamber 12 communicating with atmosphere OA and a piston 14 slidably inserted into the cylinder 13 and defining the fluid chamber 11 and the atmospheric chamber 12; a fluid control section 20 connected to the fluid chamber 11; and an accumulator 30 that is connected to the fluid control section 20 to store the working fluid HL and in which stored gas G present therein is pressurized by inflow of the working fluid HL. The fluid control section 20 includes: a first control pipeline 21 having a first check valve 31 and an orifice 35 for causing the piston 14 to generate damping resistance in a process of passage of the working fluid HL; and a second control pipeline 22 having a second check valve 32.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a braking device used for the purpose of suppressing sudden movement of a structure. [Background technology]

[0002] When a structure vibrates due to an external force such as an earthquake, generating tensile or compressive forces in its components, a vibration-damping oil damper has been proposed that acts in one direction in the extension direction so that no bending force is applied to the piston rod.

[0003] Patent Document 1 proposes an oil damper in which a piston rod is movably inserted into a cylinder via a piston, the piston defines a rod-side oil chamber in the cylinder, the rod-side oil chamber is connected to an accumulator via an extension-side oil passage and a compression-side oil passage, the extension-side oil passage is provided with a pressure regulating valve that can be opened and closed to allow hydraulic oil to flow from the rod-side oil chamber toward the accumulator, and the compression-side oil passage is provided with a check valve that can be opened and closed to allow hydraulic oil to flow from the accumulator toward the rod-side oil chamber.

[0004] The brace device proposed in Patent Document 2 is used for earthquake resistance in buildings and civil engineering structures, and is intended to prevent buckling without making the cross-sectional area of ​​the brace base material larger than necessary, and to protect buildings from vibrations such as earthquakes and strong winds with a simple configuration. Specifically, the brace device is formed of a hydraulic cylinder, which is filled with pressurized oil and has a rod-side oil chamber and a bottom-side oil chamber connected via a check valve, and the check valve restricts only the extension side of the rod inserted in the hydraulic cylinder. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] JP 2001-271862 A [Patent Document 2] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 7-23108 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, the devices proposed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are intended to damp the vibrations of braces, and are considered unable to deal with large displacements of structures in a specific direction. In addition, if the oil dampers proposed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are used in structures other than braces and the structure is displaced large in a specific direction, it will be difficult for them to return to their original positions.

[0007] The present invention has been made in response to these problems, and provides a braking device that can reduce the speed of displacement of a structure when the structure is about to be suddenly displaced in a large specific direction, and that can easily restore the structure to its original position after the displacement. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The invention for solving the above problem is a braking device comprising: a brake main body having a cylinder provided with a fluid chamber filled with a working fluid and an atmospheric chamber communicating with the atmosphere, and a piston slidably inserted inside the cylinder to define the fluid chamber and the atmospheric chamber; a fluid control section connected to the fluid chamber; and an accumulator connected to the fluid control section for storing the working fluid and in which stored gas present therein is pressurized by the inflow of the working fluid, the fluid control section having a first control pipe and a second control pipe provided in parallel to the first control pipe, the first control pipe being provided with a fluid The piston is provided with a first check valve that allows the working fluid to flow from the chamber toward the accumulator and blocks the flow of working fluid from the accumulator toward the fluid chamber, and an orifice that generates a damping resistance force in the piston as the working fluid passes through. The second control line is provided with a second check valve that allows the working fluid to flow from the accumulator toward the fluid chamber and blocks the flow of working fluid from the fluid chamber toward the accumulator. The capacity of the working fluid that can be stored in the accumulator exceeds the maximum volume of the working fluid that can be stored in the fluid chamber.

[0009] According to this configuration, when the working fluid flows from the fluid chamber into the accumulator via the first control line, i.e., when the piston moves from the air chamber toward the fluid chamber, the piston receives a resistance force proportional to the speed due to the damping effect of the orifice. On the other hand, when the working fluid flows from the accumulator into the fluid chamber via the second control line, i.e., when the piston moves from the fluid chamber toward the air chamber, the piston moves without being affected by the damping effect of the orifice. In other words, the piston can be moved by exerting a damping effect only in one direction. Also, according to this configuration, the capacity of the working fluid that can be stored in the accumulator exceeds the maximum capacity of the volume of the working fluid stored in the fluid chamber, so there is no need to newly supply the working fluid from anywhere other than the accumulator as the piston moves. This makes it possible to achieve an extremely simple configuration.

[0010] Preferably, when the volume of the working fluid stored in the fluid chamber reaches a maximum allowable amount, the pressure of the stored gas exceeds at least atmospheric pressure.

[0011] According to this configuration, when the volume of the working fluid stored in the fluid chamber reaches its maximum capacity, the pressure of the stored gas exceeds at least atmospheric pressure, so that the working fluid moves stably between the fluid chamber and the accumulator without causing cavitation.

[0012] Preferably, the piston is biased in a direction from the fluid chamber to the atmospheric chamber by a spring disposed in the atmospheric chamber.

[0013] According to this configuration, the piston is urged in the direction from the fluid chamber to the atmospheric chamber by a spring disposed in the atmospheric chamber, so that in addition to the braking force due to the damping force of the orifice, a braking force can be applied directly to the piston by the spring.

[0014] Preferably, a stopper is provided to limit the movement of the piston in the direction toward the atmospheric chamber.

[0015] According to this configuration, a stopper is provided that limits the movement of the piston toward the atmospheric chamber, so that the maximum capacity of the fluid chamber can be easily determined by attaching the stopper to the cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the fluid control section has a body connection section to which a plurality of brake body sections can be connected.

[0017] According to this configuration, the fluid control section has a body connection section to which a plurality of brake body sections can be connected, and therefore the plurality of brake body sections can be connected to one fluid control section and accumulator via the body connection section. By connecting in this manner, the fluid control section and the accumulator can be omitted. Also, the viscous resistance acting on each of the plurality of brake body sections can be made uniform. In order to keep the viscous resistance of the working fluid passing through the orifice constant, it is necessary to improve the machining accuracy of the orifice and minimize errors, which causes an increase in costs. However, by sharing the orifice, the viscous resistance can be made uniform without much effort, and therefore the increase in costs due to the improvement in accuracy can be avoided. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a braking device according to the present embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a front view of a lifting platform using the braking device according to the present embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a braking device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0019] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a braking device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

[0020] As shown in FIG. 1, the braking device 1 includes a brake main body 10, a fluid control unit 20, and an accumulator 30. The brake main body 10 includes a cylinder 13 having a fluid chamber 11 filled with a working fluid HL and an atmosphere chamber 12 communicating with the atmosphere OA, and a piston 14 slidably inserted into the cylinder 13 to define the fluid chamber 11 and the atmosphere chamber 12. One end of the fluid control unit 20 is connected to the fluid chamber 11, and the other end is connected to the accumulator 30. The accumulator 30 stores the working fluid HL and the stored gas G, and the stored gas G is pressurized and depressurized by the working fluid HL flowing in and out of the brake main body 10. When there are a plurality of brake main bodies 10, it is preferable to connect them to the fluid control unit 20 via a main body connection unit 25 (see FIG. 4).

[0021] The fluid control section 20 has a first control pipe 21 and a second control pipe 22 provided in parallel to the first control pipe 21. The first control pipe 21 is provided with a first check valve 31 that allows the working fluid HL to flow from the fluid chamber 11 toward the accumulator 30 and blocks the flow of the working fluid HL from the accumulator 30 toward the fluid chamber 11, and an orifice 35 that generates a damping resistance force on the piston 14 while the working fluid HL passes through it. The second control pipe 22 is provided with a second check valve 32 that allows the working fluid HL to flow from the accumulator 30 toward the fluid chamber 11 and blocks the flow of the working fluid HL from the fluid chamber 11 toward the accumulator 30. In this embodiment, the first control pipe 21 and the second control pipe 22 are branched from one pipe and connected in parallel, but may be connected in parallel to the fluid chamber 11 and the accumulator 30.

[0022] The braking device 1 has a cylinder 13 and a piston 14. The cylinder 13 integrally has a cylindrical wall 13a, a first end wall 13b provided at both ends of the cylindrical wall 13a, and a second end wall 13c, and the internal space of the cylinder 13 is defined by these three walls. A first mounting bracket MB1 is attached to the first end wall 13b. The first mounting bracket MB1 may be attached by directly fixing it to the first end wall 13b, or may be attached to the first end wall 13b via a universal joint.

[0023] The piston 14 is provided in the cylinder 13 so as to be axially slidable, and divides the internal space of the cylinder 13 into a fluid chamber 11 and an atmospheric chamber 12. The fluid chamber 11 is filled with a working fluid HL. The working fluid HL is a general fluid having a predetermined viscosity.

[0024] A piston rod 15 is attached concentrically and integrally to the piston 14. The piston rod 15 extends axially from the piston 14 toward the second end wall 13c, and extends outward through a rod guide hole 15a provided in the second end wall 13c in a liquid-tight manner. A second mounting bracket MB2 is attached to the tip of the piston rod 15. The second mounting bracket MB2 may be attached by directly fixing it to the piston rod 15, or may be attached to the piston rod 15 via a universal joint.

[0025] A hole 12a is provided in the cylindrical wall 13a near the first end wall 13b to allow the atmospheric chamber 12 to communicate with the atmosphere OA. This allows air to be filled in the atmospheric chamber 12. In this embodiment, the hole 12a is provided in the cylindrical wall 13a, but this is not limiting and the hole 12a may be provided in the first end wall 13b.

[0026] A spring 16 that expands and contracts following the movement of the piston 14 is disposed inside the atmosphere chamber 12. One end of the spring 16 is bonded to the first end wall 13b, and the other end is bonded to the piston 14. The spring 16 is a metallic tension coil spring.

[0027] A stopper 17 is attached to the cylindrical wall 13a to restrict the sliding of the piston 14 in the direction from the second end wall 13c to the first end wall 13b. This limits the range in which the piston 14 can slide to the area from the second end wall 13c to the stopper 17.

[0028] The fluid control unit 20 has a first control line 21 and a second control line 22. The first control line 21 has a first check valve 31 that allows the working fluid HL to flow from the fluid chamber 11 toward the accumulator 30 and blocks the working fluid HL from flowing from the accumulator 30 toward the fluid chamber 11, and an orifice 35 that adjusts the pressure of the working fluid HL. The first check valve 31 is connected to the fluid chamber 11, and the orifice 35 is connected to the accumulator 30. The first check valve 31 and the orifice 35 are connected in series.

[0029] The second control line 22 is disposed in parallel with the first control line 21, with one end connected to the fluid chamber 11 and the other end connected to the accumulator 30. The second control line 22 also has a second check valve 32 that allows the working fluid HL to flow from the accumulator 30 toward the fluid chamber 11 and blocks the working fluid HL from the fluid chamber 11 toward the accumulator 30.

[0030] In this embodiment, only the first control pipe 21 has the orifice 35, but the present invention is not limited to this and an orifice may also be provided in the second control pipe 22.

[0031] The accumulator 30 stores the working fluid HL pressurized by the stored gas G. The maximum storage amount of the working fluid HL in the accumulator 30 is preferably such that it can store at least the maximum amount of the working fluid HL filled in the fluid chamber 11. In addition, it is preferable that the pressure of the stored gas G ensures a pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure when the working fluid HL filled in the fluid chamber 11 reaches its maximum amount. More preferably, the maximum storage amount of the working fluid HL in the accumulator 30 exceeds twice the maximum amount of the working fluid HL filled in the fluid chamber 11.

[0032] The operation of the braking device 1 will now be described.

[0033] When the piston rod 15 protrudes from the fluid chamber 11 toward the external space, the working fluid HL is pushed out of the fluid chamber 11, flows into the first control line 21, and is then stored in the accumulator 30. The working fluid HL also attempts to flow into the second control line 22, but this inflow is blocked by the second check valve 32. That is, the working fluid HL passes only through the first control line 21 and is stored in the accumulator 30. The stored gas G in the accumulator 30 is pressurized by the inflow of the working fluid HL.

[0034] When the working fluid HL passes through the orifice 35, a viscous damping effect is exerted due to viscous resistance, and a damping force proportional to the flow velocity of the working fluid HL passing through the orifice 35 is applied to the piston 14. In addition, as the spring 16 expands, a force is applied to the piston 14 from the fluid chamber 11 toward the atmosphere chamber 12. When the piston 14 stops, the flow velocity of the working fluid HL passing through the orifice 35 becomes zero, and therefore no damping force acts on the piston. However, even in this case, the biasing force of the spring 16 is maintained.

[0035] When the piston rod 15 is displaced in a direction in which it is pushed from the external space toward the fluid chamber 11, the working fluid HL stored in the accumulator 30 flows into the second control line 22 and then into the fluid chamber 11. The working fluid HL also tries to flow into the first control line 21, but the inflow is blocked by the first check valve 31. That is, the working fluid HL flows into the fluid chamber 11 only via the second control line 22. The stored gas G in the accumulator 30 is depressurized by the outflow of the working fluid HL. Since the second control line 22 does not have an orifice 35, no damping force is applied to the piston 14. In addition, since the spring 16 is in a tension state, a force from the fluid chamber 11 toward the atmosphere chamber 12 is applied to the piston 14.

[0036] As described above, the braking device 1 exerts a large braking force when the piston rod 15 protrudes from the fluid chamber 11 toward the external space, but no braking force is exerted when the piston rod 15 is displaced in a direction in which it is pushed from the external space toward the fluid chamber 11.

[0037] Using the platform 100 as an example, the use of the braking device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0038] 2 and 3, the lifting platform 100 has a structure in which a loading platform 102 for carrying luggage moves up and down along a guide 101 fixed to a wall 170. The loading platform 102 is slidably connected to the guide 101, and is also connected to a lifting device 110. One end of the loading platform 10 is also connected to two brake main bodies 10, each of which is fixed to a ceiling 150. Although not shown in the figure, the two brake main bodies 10 are connected to one fluid control unit 20 and accumulator 30 via a main body connection part 25.

[0039] The lifting device 110 has a lifting jack 111 and a chain 115. One end of the chain 115 is connected to the floor 160, the middle part is engaged with a gear 113 provided at the tip of the lifting piston 112, and the other end is connected to the platform 102. When the lifting jack 111 is operated to lift the lifting piston 112, one end of the chain 115 moves up and down from the floor 160 toward the ceiling 150 a distance twice the lifting distance of the lifting piston 112.

[0040] As shown in FIG. 4, the two brake main bodies 10 are connected to one fluid control unit 20 and accumulator 30 via the main body connection unit 25. By connecting in this manner, the fluid control unit 20 and accumulator 30 can be omitted. In addition, the braking force of the brake main body 10 can be easily made uniform. In order to keep the viscous resistance of the working fluid HL passing through the orifice 35 constant, it is necessary to improve the machining accuracy of the orifice 35 and minimize errors, which causes an increase in costs. However, by sharing the orifice 35, the viscous resistance can be made uniform without much effort. This makes it possible to avoid an increase in costs due to improved accuracy.

[0041] When the lifting jack 111 is operated to raise the lifting piston 112, the platform 102 rises toward the ceiling 150. At this time, the working fluid HL stored in the accumulator 30 flows into each fluid chamber 11 only via the second control pipe 22. In other words, when the lifting device 110 rises, the working fluid HL does not experience viscous resistance when passing through the orifice 35. In addition, the spring 16 in a tensioned state continues to urge the piston 14 toward the ceiling 150.

[0042] When the lifting piston 112 is lowered, the platform 102 descends toward the floor 160. At this time, the working fluid HL present in each fluid chamber 11 passes only through the first control line 21 and is stored in the accumulator 30. In the process in which the working fluid HL passes through the orifice 35, a viscous damping effect due to viscous resistance is exerted, and a damping force proportional to the flow velocity of the working fluid HL when passing through the orifice 35 is applied to the piston 14. Furthermore, as the spring 16 expands, the spring 16 urges the piston 14 toward the ceiling 150 while increasing the urging force. The operation of the brake device 1 can reduce the load on the lifting jack 111 when the platform 102 descends, and further enables the platform 102 to descend smoothly.

[0043] If the chain 115 breaks while the platform 102 is in a raised state, a force acts on the platform 102 to cause it to suddenly fall. In this case, the working fluid HL in the fluid chamber 11 increases its flow rate and passes through the orifice 35 to flow into the accumulator 30. When the working fluid HL with its flow rate increased passes through the orifice 35, a damping force proportional to the flow rate of the working fluid HL when it passes through the orifice 35 is applied to the piston 14 due to the viscous resistance of the working fluid HL. That is, a viscous damping effect proportional to the falling speed of the platform 102 is exerted. This makes it possible to prevent the platform 102 from falling suddenly. In this case, the braking device 1 functions as a fall safety device that prevents the platform 102 from falling suddenly.

[0044] This embodiment is merely an example, and it goes without saying that modifications can be made without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. For example, the application of the braking device to a lifting platform is merely an example, and the present invention may be applied to other structures as appropriate depending on the situation. For example, the present invention may be applied as a fall safety device when lifting and lowering a heavy door. Furthermore, the present invention may be used not only as a braking device, but also as a vibration control device for improving the earthquake resistance of a structure. [Industrial Applicability]

[0045] INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The braking device according to the present invention has great industrial applicability since it can be widely applied as a braking device for heavy structures or as a vibration damping device for structures. [Explanation of symbols]

[0046] 1: Braking device 10: Braking body part 11:Fluid chamber 12: Atmospheric chamber 13: Cylinder 14: Piston 16: Spring 17: Stopper 20: Fluid control section 21: First control line 22: Second control line 25: Main unit connection part 30: Accumulator 31: First check valve 32: Second check valve 35: Orifice HL: Working fluid OA: Atmosphere G: Retained gas

Claims

1. a cylinder provided with a fluid chamber filled with a working fluid and an atmosphere chamber communicating with the atmosphere; a brake body having a piston slidably inserted into the cylinder to define the fluid chamber and the atmospheric chamber; A fluid control unit connected to the fluid chamber; an accumulator connected to the fluid control unit, for storing a working fluid, and for pressurizing a stored gas therein by an inflow of the working fluid; The fluid control unit includes a first control line and a second control line provided in parallel to the first control line, the first control line is provided with a first check valve that allows the working fluid to flow from the fluid chamber toward the accumulator and prevents the working fluid from flowing from the accumulator toward the fluid chamber, and an orifice that generates a damping resistance force in the piston as the working fluid passes through the first control line; the second control line is provided with a second check valve that allows the working fluid to flow from the accumulator toward the fluid chamber and blocks the working fluid from flowing from the fluid chamber toward the accumulator; A braking device, characterized in that a capacity of the hydraulic fluid that can be stored in the accumulator exceeds a maximum volume of the hydraulic fluid that can be stored in the fluid chamber.

2. 2. The braking device according to claim 1, wherein when the volume of the working fluid stored in the fluid chamber reaches a maximum allowable amount, the pressure of the stored gas exceeds at least atmospheric pressure.

3. 2. The braking device according to claim 1, wherein the piston is urged in a direction from the fluid chamber to the atmospheric chamber by a spring disposed in the atmospheric chamber.

4. 2. The braking device according to claim 1, further comprising a stopper for limiting the movement of said piston in the direction of said atmospheric chamber.

5. 2. The braking device according to claim 1, wherein the fluid control section has a body connection section to which a plurality of the brake body sections can be connected.

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