Duct-type air conditioning ventilation system

Abstract

To provide a duct-type air conditioning ventilation system in which dust, mold, bad smells, and other harmful substances do not adhere to or accumulate in an air conditioning duct and maintenance such as duct replacement and cleaning is not required even if 24-hour operation is continued for a long period of time.SOLUTION: Blowout ports are provided for rooms and heat insulation spaces in a highly airtight, highly heat-insulating building 2. An air conditioning unit 10 and the blowout ports are connected through air conditioning ducts, which pass through the heat insulation spaces. From the air conditioning unit 10 toward the blowout ports, air-conditioned air within 5 K during cooling and within 10 K during heating relative to the temperature of air around the air conditioning ducts is blown into the air conditioning ducts, so that the rooms and the heat insulation spaces are air-conditioned, and a filter part is provided in the air conditioning unit 10 to clean air inside the building 2. An outdoor air introduction path is provided with an introduction fan and a filter to clean outdoor air to be introduced. An indoor air discharge path is provided with an exhaust fan to discharge a portion of air that has passed through the air conditioning ducts and a portion of air staying in the building 2 to the outside.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a ducted air conditioning and ventilation system that uses ducts to air condition and ventilate the interior of a building. [Background technology]

[0002] Buildings are becoming more and more airtight and insulated to save energy and make life more comfortable. In both residential and non-residential buildings, ducted air conditioning and ventilation systems are relatively commonly used, in which ducts are laid throughout the building to send conditioned ventilation air from the air conditioner to rooms and spaces, and the building is conditioned and ventilated throughout. In ducted air conditioning and ventilation systems, conditioned and ventilated air is sent to rooms etc. through ducts. Over time, dust from inside and outside the building, household dust, human and pet dander, mites, mite droppings, mite carcasses, VOCs, mold and other allergens can accumulate inside the ducts. In particular, the inside of a duct has all the conditions necessary for mold to grow: temperatures of around 5 to 40°C, moisture due to high humidity of 60% or more, and nutrients such as attached dust and dirt. The temperature difference between the inside and outside of the duct causes condensation to form on the dust accumulated inside the duct, the non-woven fabric of the duct, and the insulation, making it easy for mold and dust mites to grow. And when conditioned air passes through these areas, it picks up dust, mold, bacteria, and unpleasant odors, and people who inhale it risk developing allergies such as respiratory diseases and skin problems, which can harm their health, or become uncomfortable due to the odor. Furthermore, if the duct has poor insulation and does not pass through an insulated space, condensation can form on the outside of the duct, wetting the wood or other materials underneath the duct, causing mold to grow, stains that are visible from the living space, rot and causing strength damage, or the condensation can reach electrical wires, creating a risk of electric leakage. When surface tension and capillary action cause moisture to seep into the gaps between the fibers of the glass wool used as insulation inside the duct, even if the material dries, the fibers will stick together and will no longer be able to store the large amount of air needed for insulation, reducing the insulation function. Therefore, once condensation occurs inside the duct, it becomes more prone to condensation, making the air conditioning less effective and increasing power consumption. Regarding condensation, for example, when the air conditioner is in cooling operation and the thermostat is on when the compressor is operating, the cold blown-out air passes through the duct, cooling the inner surface of the duct to, for example, 10°C. When the thermostat is turned off, the compressor stops, and indoor air is sucked in, the blown-out air, which is at the indoor air temperature and has high humidity and contains condensed water that has condensed on the evaporator, passes through the duct, and if the temperature and humidity of the air is 25°C and 80% (dew point temperature 21°C), condensation will form on the inner surface of the duct. In addition, if the duct does not pass through an insulated space within the house and the duct's insulation performance is low, in the summer the temperature and humidity in that space will be close to the outside temperature. For example, if the outside temperature is 35°C, the space temperature is 30°C, and the relative humidity is 50% (dew point temperature 18.4°C), when the air conditioning is operating, cold blown air will pass through the duct and when the temperature of the outer surface of the duct falls below the dew point temperature, condensation will form on the outer surface of the duct. In addition, in winter, when the temperature of the space is close to the outside air temperature, for example when the outside air temperature is 0°C and the space temperature is 2°C, the warm air blown out (temperature and humidity 50°C and 11% (dew point temperature 12°C)) when the compressor is operating in heating mode and the thermostat is on passes through the duct, and when the duct's inner surface temperature falls below the dew point temperature, condensation forms on the duct's inner surface. Furthermore, when the thermostat is turned off and the compressor stops, and indoor air is sucked in, the indoor air temperature and humidity passes through the duct, and when the air temperature and humidity is 20°C and 60% (dew point temperature 12°C) and the duct's inner surface temperature falls below the dew point temperature, condensation forms on the duct's inner surface. In winter, if a humidifier is used to humidify the room to prevent it from being overly dry, condensation is more likely to form. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically replace the ducts and clean the inside, but the replacement and maintenance space is usually narrow, and it is necessary to peel off the wall around the duct, which makes it difficult to even confirm where the duct is passing. In addition, the shape and structure of the duct make it difficult to clean it thoroughly. For example, if there is nonwoven fabric on the inside surface, dust, mites, mold, etc. will adhere to the nonwoven fabric, which cannot be removed even with a dedicated cleaning machine, and there is a risk that the nonwoven fabric will be damaged. Therefore, even if it is possible to clean or replace the ducts, it will take a lot of time and cost. Furthermore, if the ducts are routed inside the building to ensure replacement space, the living space will be significantly reduced. Conventionally, air-transporting type air conditioning for each room has been provided with an attic with an airtight chamber structure, multiple indoor outlets connecting the attic to the inside of the room, a box-shaped main body having an attic outlet and an indoor inlet that connect to the attic, a blower installed within the main body so as to take in air from the indoor inlet and blow it out from the ceiling outlet, and a cooling heat exchanger and a heating heat exchanger installed in the ventilation duct formed by the blower, with the cooling heat exchanger and the heating heat exchanger installed side by side on approximately the same plane so as to divide the ventilation duct in half, and by drawing in indoor air directly into the heating heat exchanger for reheating and flowing a small amount of air, latent heat capacity is increased and dry cold air and cool / warm air with reduced sensible heat capacity are blown out into the attic, so that an air conditioner that can reliably perform air conditioning by air transport to each room without condensation even if there are beams in the attic or the attic itself is narrow (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, a whole-building air conditioning system that sends conditioned air to a room through an intake air duct is known that includes a temperature adjustment unit for adjusting the temperature of the air sent to the room through the intake air duct, a humidity detection unit for measuring the humidity of the air flowing into the intake air duct, and a control unit that, when a signal to turn off the temperature adjustment unit is detected, keeps the temperature adjustment unit on if the humidity measured by the humidity detection unit is greater than a predetermined value, and turns off the temperature adjustment unit if the humidity measured by the humidity detection unit is less than the predetermined value, thereby preventing condensation from occurring on the inner surface of the intake air duct during heating operation in winter (see, for example, Patent Document 2). Also, a duct air conditioning system is known which comprises an intake chamber having an air intake port opening into the external space of the room to be conditioned, an indoor unit having a heat exchanger for cooling or heating the air sucked in through the intake chamber, and an air supply duct for transporting the air cooled or heated by the indoor unit to the air outlet of the room, and which includes a reheat coil arranged downstream of the heat exchanger for heating the dehumidified air cooled by the heat exchanger during cooling, whereby the duct members of the air supply duct are not coated with insulation or are coated with thin insulation (see, for example, Patent Document 3). Also, in an air duct and air distribution system for ventilation and heating / cooling in a house, a paint coating containing charcoal powder is formed on the inner surface of the duct, and this duct is used to connect the air intake and outlet to a blower to form an air distribution system for the house, which suppresses the growth of mold and bad odors in the duct caused by charcoal powder and also removes odors contained in the air, thereby creating a comfortable home environment (see, for example, Patent Document 4). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-237079 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6712763 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 7-18129 [Patent Document 4] JP 2001-248886 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, with the air conveying type air conditioning described in Patent Document 1, it is not possible to circulate conditioned air anywhere other than the attic, so in many cases it is not possible to accommodate this depending on the structure of the building. Even if it is possible to accommodate this, since the air conditioning is done with air that has reduced sensible heat capacity, there is a problem that when operation starts up or the air conditioning load increases due to the outside temperature, etc., the temperature and humidity do not stabilize or take a long time to stabilize due to insufficient sensible heat capacity. Furthermore, in the central air conditioning system described in Patent Document 2, in order to prevent condensation in the air supply ducts, etc., it is necessary to use a dedicated controller and sensor and to control humidity with a complex program, which results in high initial costs. In addition, there is a problem that condensation may occur inside the ducts when the cooling thermostat is turned off during cooling operation during hot and humid summer months. Furthermore, in the duct air conditioning system described in Patent Document 3, air conditioning is performed using air with reduced sensible heat capacity, so when operation starts up or when the air conditioning load increases due to the outside temperature, etc., there is a problem that the temperature and humidity do not stabilize or take a long time to stabilize due to insufficient sensible heat capacity. In addition, the air duct and air supply system described in Patent Document 4 had a problem in that if dust, bacteria, etc. accumulate on the surface of the paint coating containing charcoal powder inside the duct and condensation occurs, the growth of mold and the like cannot be prevented.

[0005] After many years of research, the inventors have developed a ducted air conditioning and ventilation system that is capable of constantly providing healthy and comfortable air conditioning and ventilation within a building, without the need for maintenance such as duct replacement or cleaning, even after long-term use, as harmful substances such as dust, mold, and bad odors are less likely to adhere to and accumulate inside the air conditioning ducts. The present invention aims to solve these conventional problems and to provide a ducted air conditioning and ventilation system that is adaptable to various building layouts and shapes, uses highly versatile equipment, prevents condensation inside air conditioning ducts, prevents the accumulation of dust and other particles in the ducts, and suppresses the growth of mold and other growth, while responding to changes in load such as outside temperature and providing appropriate air conditioning and ventilation for rooms and spaces, thereby realizing a healthy space with energy-saving, uniform temperature, good air quality, and always comfortable and always clean air. In addition, the relatively simple equipment configuration suppresses condensation inside the air conditioning ducts, eliminating control delays; it utilizes controllers and sensors to match the temperature set by the user while simultaneously preventing condensation, thereby aiming to provide a ducted air conditioning and ventilation system that reliably creates an energy-efficient, comfortable and healthy space. To provide a duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system in which harmful substances such as dust, mold and bad odors are unlikely to adhere to and accumulate inside the air conditioning ducts even when the system is operated continuously for a long period of time, and which does not require maintenance such as replacement or cleaning of the ducts. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the ducted air conditioning and ventilation system of the present invention provides an air outlet in a room and an insulated space in a highly airtight and highly insulated building, connects an air conditioning unit provided in the building to the air outlet with an air conditioning duct, passes the air conditioning duct through the insulated space, and blows conditioned air from the air conditioning unit toward the air outlet, the conditioned air being within 5K of the temperature of the air around the air conditioning duct during cooling and within 10K during heating, thereby conditioning the room and the insulated space, provides a filter section in the air conditioning unit to purify the air in the building, and blows the conditioned air from the air conditioning unit to the air outlet. The air flows through a circulation path, and the air path through which the air returns from the room and the insulated space to the air conditioning unit is defined as a circulation path, an outdoor air inlet path is provided for introducing outdoor air from outside the room to the circulation path or the air conditioning unit, an inlet fan and a filter are provided in the outdoor air inlet path to purify the outdoor air to be introduced, an indoor air exhaust path is provided to exhaust air from within the building to the outside and at least one of the circulation path, the room without the air outlet, or the insulated space without the air outlet, and an exhaust fan is provided in the indoor air exhaust path to exhaust at least one of a portion of the air in the circulation path or a portion of the air stagnating in the building to the outside. With this method, conditioned air produced by the air conditioning unit, which is within 5K of the temperature of the air around the air conditioning duct during cooling and within 10K during heating, is blown into the duct at a large volume and blown out from the air outlets of the room and insulated space, conditioning the room and the insulated spaces above and below in a highly airtight, highly insulated building, so that the inside of the building tends to have a comfortable, uniform temperature and humidity, including insulated spaces with large air conditioning loads such as solar radiation loads. And because the air conditioning duct passes through the insulated space, a ducted air conditioning and ventilation system is obtained in which condensation inside and outside the duct during cooling and condensation inside the duct during heating are less likely to occur. Also, a filter section is provided in the air conditioning unit that produces the conditioned air to purify the air inside the building, an intake fan and a filter are provided in the outdoor air intake path to purify the outdoor air to be introduced, and an exhaust fan exhausts a portion of the conditioned air in the room and insulated space and the air in the dirty zone to the outside from an indoor air exhaust path that leads to the outside from a so-called dirty zone (toilet, washroom, etc.) that does not have an air outlet, thereby introducing purified outdoor air and purifying the air as it circulates inside the building while exhausting air inside the building that is contaminated with dust and moisture. Then, because the purified air flows inside the duct, a ducted air conditioning and ventilation system is obtained in which dust and the like is less likely to accumulate inside the duct. Furthermore, in buildings, moisture other than that generated by humans, such as from bathing and cooking, is discharged to the outside from bathrooms and kitchens by installing exhaust fans, so that moisture does not accumulate inside the building and is not included in the conditioned air, and therefore does not flow into the ducts. As a result, dust, moisture, condensation, etc. do not accumulate or remain inside the air conditioning ducts, so mold is less likely to grow and odors caused by bacteria are less likely to occur, making it difficult for dust, mold, bacteria, and unpleasant odors to enter the building inside the air conditioning ducts, creating a healthy and comfortable space. Furthermore, a ducted air conditioning and ventilation system is obtained that does not require maintenance such as duct replacement or cleaning even after long-term use, and can always provide healthy and comfortable air conditioning and ventilation inside the building. Another means is that the highly airtight and highly insulated building has a roof that is insulated and a foundation that is insulated, the insulated spaces are the attic space and the underfloor space, and the air conditioning unit has an air conditioning section, a blower section, an intake section and a mixing section in a housing, and the intake section is provided with the filter section, and the air sucked in from the intake section by the blower section is purified by the filter section, and some of the purified air is sucked into the air conditioning section and conditioned, and the blown air blown out from the air conditioning section and some of the purified air are mixed in the mixing section to become conditioned air, and the conditioned air is blown out from the air outlet through the air conditioning duct, and the air volume of the blower section is greater than the air volume of the air conditioning section. By this means, a highly airtight and highly insulated building can be made with roof insulation and foundation insulation, and the attic space at the top of the building, which is easily affected by solar radiation and outside temperature, can be made into an insulated space, and the underfloor space at the bottom of the building, which is affected by the ground temperature and is prone to becoming humid, can be made into an insulated space, and each of these can be air-conditioned.In addition to the air-conditioning of the rooms, which are insulated spaces on the sides of the building, all spaces facing the building's envelope are insulated spaces and all are air-conditioned, so that the temperature and humidity inside the building, including inside and outside the air-conditioning ducts, become more uniform, and a ducted air-conditioning and ventilation system can be obtained in which condensation inside and outside the ducts during cooling and condensation inside the ducts during heating is less likely to occur. Also, a portion of the air drawn in from the intake section is drawn into the air conditioning section by the air blowing section of the air conditioning unit, conditioned, and blown out. Then, a portion of the air drawn in from the intake section is not drawn into the air conditioning section, but joins and is mixed with the air blown out from the air conditioning section in the mixing section, and by adjusting the air volume of the air conditioning section, the set temperature, the air volume of the air blowing section, etc., it is possible to stably produce a large volume of conditioned air within 5K during cooling and within 10K during heating with respect to the temperature of the air around the air conditioning duct in an energy-saving manner, and since the conditioned air is passed through the air conditioning duct, a duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system that is less likely to form condensation in the air conditioning duct is obtained. Furthermore, the filter section installed in the suction section of the air conditioning unit purifies all of the air drawn into the air conditioning unit before it flows into the air conditioning duct, further reducing the risk of dust and other contaminants entering the air conditioning duct, and because the filter section is located in the suction section, a duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system that is easy to maintain, such as by cleaning, is obtained. Furthermore, the air volume of the blower section is significantly greater than the air volume of the air conditioning section, and a large volume of conditioned air can be produced stably and in an energy-saving manner, with the room and space temperature remaining within 5K during cooling and within 10K during heating. The room and space temperature does not fluctuate significantly, such as overshooting, and the temperature of the intake air of the air conditioning section remains stable for a long time. Since the air conditioning section remains in the thermo-ON state with a small temperature difference for a long time, particularly during cooling operation in the summer, and the compressor continues to operate at a low frequency, the surface temperature of the evaporator, the so-called evaporation temperature, becomes lower than the dew point temperature of the intake air, causing moisture in the intake air to condense on the evaporator. As a result of long-term operation, the amount of dehumidification removed increases, the absolute humidity of the blown air continues to decrease for a long time, the absolute humidity of the conditioned air also decreases, and the relative humidity in the air conditioning duct, room, and space through which the conditioned air flows also decreases. As a result, a ducted air conditioning and ventilation system is obtained that is less likely to cause condensation in the air conditioning duct during cooling operation. Furthermore, by driving the compressor in the air conditioning section, the air volume of the blower section, which has a significantly lower running cost per unit air volume than the air volume of the air conditioning section, which has a higher running cost per unit air volume, is increased to create conditioned air and pass it through the air conditioning duct, making this a system that saves energy. In another embodiment, the air conditioning unit has a reheat dehumidification function. During reheat dehumidification operation, one heat exchanger functions as an evaporator through which low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant flows, and the other heat exchanger functions as a reheater through which medium-temperature, medium-pressure refrigerant flows, so that the outlet air is at a temperature higher than the suction air and has a low absolute humidity.As a result, the air conditioning unit keeps the reheat dehumidification thermo ON for a long period of time and the compressor continues to operate, so that the surface temperature of the evaporator, the so-called evaporation temperature, becomes lower than the dew point temperature of the suction air, causing the moisture in the suction air to condense onto the evaporator.Due to long-term operation, a large amount of dehumidification is removed, and the absolute humidity of the outlet air decreases for a long period of time, the absolute humidity of the conditioned air also decreases, and the relative humidity in the air conditioning duct, room, and space through which the conditioned air flows also decreases.This results in a ducted air conditioning and ventilation system that is less likely to cause condensation in the air conditioning duct during periods of medium temperature and high humidity, such as the rainy season. Another means is to provide an air cleaner of a HEPA filter type or an electric dust collector type in the circulation path or the air conditioning unit. By providing a HEPA filter type or an electrostatic precipitator type air purifier in the circulation path or air conditioning unit and removing even mold spore-level particles contained in the conditioned air, mold is less likely to grow in the air conditioning ducts through which the conditioned air passes, and dust, mold, bacteria, odors, etc. in the air conditioning ducts are less likely to enter the building, resulting in a ducted air conditioning and ventilation system that can create a healthy and comfortable space. Another means is to have at least one of a polypropylene film, a soft polyvinyl chloride film, and a PET film on the surface inside the air conditioning duct through which the conditioned air flows. As a result, the surface through which the conditioned air flows inside the air conditioning duct does not have a nonwoven fabric that is breathable and moisture permeable and has a large surface irregularity, but instead has at least one of a polypropylene film, a soft polyvinyl chloride film, or a PET film that is non-breathable and non-moisture permeable and has a small surface roughness (surface irregularity), so that dust, moisture, mold spores, etc. do not penetrate into the glass wool from the surface, making it difficult for mold and the like to grow there.Furthermore, since dust and the like do not accumulate on the surface and it does not contain moisture, mold and the like are unlikely to grow, and dust, mold, bacteria, odors, etc. inside the air conditioning duct are unlikely to enter the building, making it possible to obtain a duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system that can create a healthy and comfortable space. Further, the other means has a temperature sensor which detects the temperature of the room or the insulated space, a temperature setting unit which sets the temperature, a temperature sensor which detects the temperature of the mixing section, and a control unit which controls the air conditioning section and the blower section based on the detection values ​​of the two temperature sensors and the set temperature of the temperature setting unit. As a result, the average temperature of the room or space automatically becomes the set temperature, and the average temperature of the air inside the air conditioning duct becomes within 5K of the average temperature of the air around the duct when cooling, and within 10K when heating.This makes it possible to maintain the room or space at the temperature set by the user while suppressing condensation inside and outside the air conditioning duct, resulting in a ducted air conditioning and ventilation system that is reliably resistant to the growth of mold, etc., even if there is a disturbance from the outside or a change in the air conditioning load. Another means is to replaceably install a heat-insulating duct having an aluminum fiber sound-absorbing material on the surface inside the duct through which the conditioned air flows, between the air-conditioning duct and the air outlet. As a result, a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating duct having aluminum fiber sound-absorbing material with high sound-absorbing and weather-resistant properties on the surface inside the duct through which the conditioned air flows is installed between the air outlet and the air conditioning duct in a replaceable manner via the mounting hole, making it possible to reduce noise from the air outlet in rooms where quieter operation is required, such as bedrooms, and since only dust and the like adheres to the surface of the sound-absorbing material, it is less susceptible to the growth of mold and other growths compared to sound-absorbing materials such as glass wool, and heat insulation does not decrease, and a duct-type air-conditioning and ventilation system can be obtained that allows for regular cleaning, and in the unlikely event that the duct needs to be replaced, the inside of the duct can be easily cleaned or replaced via the mounting hole. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, a ducted air-conditioning and ventilation system can be provided that conditions the interior of a highly airtight and highly insulated building to maintain a uniform temperature and humidity, introduces fresh, clean outdoor air, exhausts dirty, moist indoor air, and purifies the air inside the building, thereby realizing an energy-efficient, healthy, comfortable space with uniform temperature and humidity and good air quality, while also reducing the risk of condensation inside and outside the air-conditioning ducts, preventing the accumulation of dust and other particles inside the air-conditioning ducts, preventing mold growth, and preventing odors caused by bacteria from entering the building, thereby realizing a healthy, comfortable space. Furthermore, a ducted air conditioning and ventilation system can be provided that does not require maintenance such as replacement or cleaning of air conditioning ducts even when used for a long period of time, and can always provide healthy and comfortable air conditioning and ventilation inside a building. Furthermore, a duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system can be provided that allows the temperature of a room or space to be set according to the user's preference, and that can automatically adjust to the set temperature while preventing condensation inside and outside the air conditioning duct. Furthermore, the sound-absorbing and heat-insulating duct reduces noise from the air conditioning outlet while preventing mold growth, and in the unlikely event that the duct needs replacing, it can be replaced through the installation hole in the outlet, providing a duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] A vertical cross-sectional view of the system's air conditioning unit [Diagram 3] A vertical cross-sectional view of the air conditioning section of the system [Figure 4] Cross-section of the air conditioning ducts of the system [Diagram 5] Control block diagram of the system [Figure 6] A diagram of the sound-absorbing and heat-insulating duct construction of the system in the second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] Cross-section of the sound-absorbing and heat-insulating duct of the system DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a duct type air conditioning and ventilation system 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, a ducted air conditioning and ventilation system 1 is installed in a building 2, which is an airtight and highly insulated house, with ducts running throughout the building 2 to provide air conditioning and ventilation to all rooms and spaces within the building 2. In this embodiment, the term "room" refers to a habitable room, and the term "space" refers to a non-habitable room. A habitable room is a room used continuously for living, office work, work, gathering, recreation, or other similar purposes, while a non-habitable room is a room that is not used for such purposes. However, rooms whose uses are difficult to determine as habitable can be determined based on actual usage. The exterior of building 2 is tightly covered with insulation material (not shown) and airtight sheeting (not shown), the roof 3 is roof-insulated, the foundation 4 is foundation-insulated, the windows are insulated sashes 5 such as triple-glazed plastic sashes, the doors are insulated doors (not shown), and all rooms and spaces within building 2, including the attic space (insulated space) 6 and underfloor space (insulated space) 7, are insulated spaces. Insulation methods can be broadly divided into external insulation and internal insulation, and each can be adopted depending on its advantages and disadvantages, but this applies to buildings 2 that have no insulation defects in the outer envelope of building 2 and that at least meet the insulation performance standards of ZEH. Regarding airtightness performance, although it depends on the specifications of the airtight sheet, the target is buildings 2 that maintain the continuity of the airtight layer by applying airtight tape to the joints of the airtight sheet, and that at least meet the C value of 1.0.

[0010] In this duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system 1, an air conditioning unit 10 with high airtightness and insulation, which is covered with walls and insulation material and has been airtightly treated, is installed on a landing 12 of the stairs in an entrance hall 11. The air conditioning unit 10 is also provided with a sealed door (not shown) that can be opened and closed to allow access to the interior from the staircase landing 12 for maintenance purposes and that is highly airtight when closed. In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit 10 is installed on the landing 12 of the stairs, but it may also be installed in a non-habitable room such as the attic space 6, the underfloor space 7, under the stairs (not shown), or a machine room (not shown). An air conditioning unit 10 that generates conditioned air is provided therein with a plurality of blowers 13, and an air conditioning section 16 that is connected to an air conditioning outdoor unit 14 installed outdoors by refrigerant piping and electrical wiring 15. Air conditioning unit 16 has a heat exchanger (not shown) and a blower (not shown), and blower unit 13 has a fan (not shown) and a motor (not shown).

[0011] The rooms A20 and B21 in the building 2 and the entrance hall 11 are provided with air outlets on the floors or ceilings. 22, 23, and 24 are installed, and the attic space 6 and the underfloor space 7 are provided with air outlets 25 and 26, respectively. The air outlet is an air supply grill that blows out conditioned air, and the air direction can be changed. In this embodiment, air outlets are provided in room A20 and room B21 as habitable rooms, but they may also be provided in the living / dining / kitchen area, bedroom, children's room, work room, washroom, toilet, bathroom, kitchen, etc., and air outlets are provided in the entrance hall 11, attic space 6, and underfloor space 7 as non-habitable rooms, but air outlets may also be provided in the staircase landing 12, under the stairs, machine room, corridor, storeroom, closet, shoe cupboard, etc. The blowers 13 and the air outlets 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 are connected in a one-to-one relationship by air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, respectively. Although not shown in FIG. 1 for simplicity, there are other rooms and spaces that have air outlets, and correspondingly, blower sections 13 are provided and connected with air conditioning ducts to thoroughly air-condition and ventilate the entire building 2.

[0012] The air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, and 34 are flexible ducts with an inner diameter of 150 mm that are highly insulating and moisture resistant, and one end of the air conditioning duct is connected to an adapter (not shown) of the blower 13, and passes through a vertical shaft 35, which is an insulating space that runs vertically through the building 2, on the back side of the air conditioning unit 10. As shown in Figure 1, the vertical shaft 35 is far from the outer skin of the building 2 and is surrounded by rooms and spaces, so it is not affected by outdoor air or sunlight and tends to have the same temperature as the room or space. The air conditioning ducts 30, 32, 34 are lowered downward and connected at the other end to the air outlets 22, 24, 26 through the underfloor space 7, which is the lowest insulated space of the building 2, and the air conditioning ducts 31, 33 are raised upward and connected at the other end to the air outlets 23, 25 through the attic space 6, which is the highest insulated space of the building 2. Generally, the duct inner diameter is selected so that the wind speed in the duct is 5 to 7 m / s or less, and there is a margin for the air volume and static pressure at the point of use depending on the PQ (static pressure - air volume) characteristics of the blower and ventilation fan, and power consumption and noise are not high. In this embodiment, a maximum of 300 m is used for a duct with an inner diameter of 150 mm. 3 When air passes through the duct at 100 / h, the wind speed is approximately 4.7 m / s, which is less than 5 to 7 m / s. Furthermore, if the inner diameter is not 100 mm or more, it will be difficult to insert brushes and other equipment for internal cleaning, making maintenance difficult, and in the event that dust accumulates, the amount of dust and other particles that accumulate per unit surface area inside the duct will be reduced, so the inner diameter is made as large as the duct space will allow, making it 150 mm. As a result, the conditioned air generated within the air conditioning unit 10 is blown by the blower section 13 through air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, all of which are inserted into the insulated space, and then through air outlets 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 to form air conditioning air ducts (thick arrows) through which the air is blown out into room A20, room B21, the entrance hall 11, the attic space 6, and the underfloor space 7. In this embodiment, the air conditioning duct is connected to the air outlet through the vertical shaft 35, the underfloor space 7, and the attic space 6; however, as long as it is an insulated space far from the outer skin of the building 2 and is surrounded by rooms or spaces, it may be, for example, an inter-floor space (not shown), or a space in which part of a room or space is thickened and surrounded by wood (not shown).

[0013] Exhaust ports 40, 41, such as undercuts in the doors (not shown) of the rooms A20 and B21, open between the rooms and the entrance hall 11. Exhaust vents 42, 43 such as exhaust louvers are provided between the attic space 6, the underfloor space 7 and the entrance hall 11. An air return port 44 (suction section) such as an intake louver is provided at the top of an airtight door (not shown) on the landing 12 side of the stairs of the air conditioning unit 10, and all air drawn into the air conditioning unit 10 is drawn through the air return port 44 (suction section). This allows air from room A20, room B21, the attic space 6, and the underfloor space 7 to pass through their respective exhaust vents 40, 41, 42, and 43, enter the entrance hall 11, and form a return air path (thin arrow) that returns to the air conditioning unit 10 through the return air vent 44. The air conditioning blower duct and the return air duct are connected to form a circulation duct (not shown).

[0014] A heat exchange unit 50 is provided in the attic space 6 to introduce outdoor air into the room and recover the total heat of the indoor air to the outdoor air when the indoor air is discharged to the outside, thereby ventilating the entire building 2. In this embodiment, the heat exchange unit 50 has a 24-hour ventilation air volume of 125 m 3 / h, strong notch ventilation air volume 250m 3 / h, and the total heat exchange rate is approximately 70%. A ventilation exhaust port 52 such as an exhaust louver for exhausting air from within the toilet 51 is provided in the ceiling of the toilet 51 in the building 2, and is connected to the heat exchange ventilation unit 50 by an exhaust duct A53. An outdoor exhaust hood A54 is provided in a through hole in the outer wall of the building 2, and is connected to the heat exchange ventilation unit 50 by an exhaust duct B55.

[0015] The heat exchange unit 50 has an inlet fan (not shown) that introduces outside air, an exhaust fan (not shown) that exhausts indoor air, a motor (not shown), a heat exchange element 63 that recovers all the heat of the indoor air to the outdoor air, and an element prefilter 64 that is arranged on the indoor air inlet side of the heat exchange element 63 to prevent dust and the like from the indoor air from adhering to the element. The element prefilter 64 is a nonwoven fabric made of polyester and modacrylic with a thickness of 10 mm to 20 mm, is used at a standard wind speed of 2.5 m / s, has an efficiency (gravimetric method) of 75%, and can be regenerated by washing. In addition, by providing a maintenance space around the heat exchange ventilation unit 50 and providing an inspection hatch in the ceiling below, it is easy to perform maintenance such as regular cleaning of the heat exchange element 63 and the element prefilter 64. As a result, indoor air passes from the ventilation exhaust port 52 through the exhaust duct A53, has all heat recovered by the heat exchange unit 50, passes through the exhaust duct B55, and is exhausted to the outside from the outdoor exhaust hood A54. The indoor air exhaust path is formed between the ventilation exhaust port 52 and the outdoor exhaust hood A54, and is formed by the exhaust duct A53, the heat exchange ventilation unit 50, and the exhaust duct B55. The indoor air exhaust path is provided with the element prefilter 64 of the heat exchange ventilation unit 50, but other filters may be provided in addition to the element prefilter 64 or together with the element prefilter 64. In addition, the indoor air exhaust path is provided with the exhaust fan of the heat exchange ventilation unit 50, but other exhaust fans may be provided in addition to the exhaust fan or together with the exhaust fan. An outdoor air supply hood 56 is provided in a through hole in the outer wall of the building 2 and is connected to the heat exchange ventilation unit 50 by an air supply duct A57. Midway through the air supply duct A57, in the attic space 6, a filter box 59 having an outdoor air purification filter 58 that purifies the outside air that is introduced is installed, and an inspection hatch is provided in the ceiling below to facilitate maintenance such as cleaning the filter. The outside air purification filter 58 is a 35 mm thick particulate filter made of polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, or PP resin, capable of capturing particles of 0.5 μm or larger, such as mold spores, with a collection efficiency of approximately 95% for particles of 2 μm or larger, and is designed to be replaced approximately once every two years.

[0016] A ventilation air supply port 60 for blowing outside air into the building 2 is provided on the ceiling of the entrance hall 11, in front of the return air port 44 of the air conditioning unit 10, and is connected to the heat exchange unit 50 by an air supply duct B61. As a result, outside air is introduced through the outdoor air intake hood 56, passes through the air intake duct A 57, is cleaned in the filter box 59, has all heat recovered in the heat exchange unit 50, and is introduced into the room through the air intake duct B 61 and the ventilation air intake vent 60. The outdoor air introduction path is formed between the outdoor air supply hood 56 and the ventilation air supply port 60, and is formed by the air supply duct A57, the filter box 59, the heat exchange air unit 50, and the air supply duct B61. The outdoor air introduction path is provided with the outdoor air purification filter 58 of the filter box 59, but other filters may be provided in addition to the outdoor air purification filter 58 or together with the outdoor air purification filter 58. Also, the outdoor air introduction path is provided with the introduction fan of the heat exchange air unit 50, but other introduction fans may be provided in addition to the introduction fan or together with the introduction fan.

[0017] The exhaust duct A53 is an exhaust duct installed in the attic space 6 between the ventilation exhaust port 52 and the heat exchange unit 50, so there is little possibility of condensation inside the duct. To prevent dust and moisture from accumulating or being absorbed inside the duct, the exhaust duct A53 is a non-insulated duct with an inner diameter of 150 mm, made only of polypropylene duct, with no insulation material or nonwoven fabric on the inside of the duct. The exhaust duct B55 and the supply duct A57 are ducts that come into contact with outdoor air and are installed in the attic space 6 between the outdoor exhaust hood A54 or the outdoor supply hood 56 and the heat exchange unit 50, so they have the same specifications as an air conditioning duct with an inner diameter of 150 mm, which has high insulation and moisture resistance and is flexible. The air supply duct B61 is an air supply duct installed in the attic space 6 between the ventilation air intake 60 and the heat exchange unit 50, and therefore has the same specifications as an air conditioning duct with an inner diameter of 150 mm, high insulation, moisture resistance, and flexibility. Since the heat exchange unit 50, exhaust duct B55, and intake duct A57 are in contact with outside air, there is a possibility of condensation or the intrusion of dust from outside. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an inspection hatch nearby to allow for periodic cleaning and replacement.

[0018] The toilet 51 does not have an outlet for blowing out conditioned air, but a louver 65 is provided between the toilet and the entrance hall 11 to allow air to flow in and out. When the heat exchange unit 50 is operating, some of the air that has been used to condition the room and insulated space and returned to the entrance hall 11 flows into the toilet 51 through the louver 65, and when stable, the air quality (temperature, humidity, cleanliness, etc.) inside the toilet 51 is close to that of the conditioned air. When the heat exchange unit 50 is operating, fresh outdoor air that has been purified by the outdoor air purification filter 58 installed in the outdoor air inlet path is introduced by the inlet fan of the heat exchange unit 50, and air contaminated with moisture, etc. from so-called dirty zones such as the toilet 51 and a portion of the air used to conditioned the room and insulated space pass through the indoor air exhaust path from the ventilation exhaust port 52 and enters the heat exchange unit 50 by the exhaust fan of the heat exchange unit 50, and after exchanging all heat with the outdoor air in the heat exchange element 63, is discharged to the outside. This prevents dust, mold spores, etc. from outside from entering the building 2, and discharges moisture, odors, etc. from the toilet, etc. to the outside, and ventilates the building 2 in an energy-efficient manner through heat exchange, while reducing dust, moisture, mold spores, etc. inside the building. In this embodiment, the ventilation exhaust vent 52 is provided in the toilet 51, but the ventilation exhaust vent and louver may be provided in other rooms and spaces such as the washroom, bathroom, kitchen, etc., where odors, moisture, harmful substances, etc. are likely to be generated and accumulate, i.e., so-called dirty zones, in which case they can be discharged directly to the outside without passing through other rooms or spaces. However, if the heat exchange element 63 of the heat exchange unit 50 is not resistant to deterioration due to moisture in the bathroom, etc., or oil in the kitchen, etc., a separate ventilation fan, which will be described later, must be provided. In addition, the ventilation exhaust vent 52 may be provided in a room or space downstream of the circulation path (return air path), such as the entrance hall 11 or the air conditioning unit 10. In that case, part of the indoor air in the room or space is discharged to the outside together with dust, moisture, etc. generated in the room or space by normal living. However, in order to prevent moisture, etc. from the dirty zone from flowing into the room or space, it is necessary to provide a ventilation exhaust vent 52 in the dirty zone as well, or to provide a separate ventilation fan, as described below.

[0019] The ceiling of the bathroom 66 in the building 2 is equipped with a strong notch airflow rate of 80 m 3 A ceiling-embedded ventilation fan 67 of 1 / h is provided, and is connected to an outdoor exhaust hood C69 provided in a through hole in the outer wall of the building 2 via an exhaust duct C68. The exhaust duct C68 is installed in the insulated space between the outdoor exhaust hood C69 and the ceiling-mounted ventilation fan 67, and since it is a duct that comes into contact with the outdoor air, it has the same specifications as a flexible air conditioning duct with an inner diameter of 100 mm, high insulation and moisture resistance. Since the ceiling-mounted ventilation fan 67 and exhaust duct C68 are in contact with outside air, there is a possibility of condensation or the intrusion of dust from outside. Therefore, an inspection hatch must be provided nearby to allow for periodic cleaning and replacement. Bathroom 66 does not have an outlet for blowing out conditioned air, but a louver 70 is provided between bathroom 66 and entrance hall 11 to allow air to flow in and out. When ceiling-embedded ventilation fan 67 is operating, some of the air that has been used to condition the room and insulated space and returned to entrance hall 11 flows into bathroom 66 through louver 70, and when stable, the air quality (temperature, humidity, cleanliness, etc.) inside bathroom 66 is close to that of conditioned air.

[0020] In this embodiment, a ceiling-embedded ventilation fan 67 is installed in bathroom 66, but a ventilation fan may also be installed in rooms or spaces other than the bathroom, such as a washroom, toilet, or kitchen, where strong odors, large amounts of moisture, harmful substances, etc. caused by bathing, washing, laundry, defecation, cooking, etc. are likely to be temporarily generated and accumulate, and these can be quickly exhausted directly to the outside. In addition, in this embodiment, a ceiling-embedded ventilation fan 67 is provided, but any ventilation fan that can quickly exhaust air directly to the outside of the room may be used, for example, a wall-mounted type or an intermediate duct type, and further, a heat exchange unit whose heat exchange element is not easily deteriorated by moisture in a bathroom, etc., or oil in a kitchen, etc. may be used.

[0021] The air conditioning unit 10 is provided with a plurality of filters (filter sections) in order to purify the air within the building 2. As one of the multiple filters, a return air vent filter 75 (filter section) is provided in the return air vent 44 (intake section) of the air conditioning unit 10, such as the intake grille, so that it can be removed from the landing 12 side of the stairs for maintenance such as cleaning. Furthermore, the air conditioning unit 16 is provided with an air conditioning unit filter 76 (filter unit) on the upstream side of a heat exchanger (not shown) for cleaning the intake air and preventing adhesion of dust and the like to the heat exchanger. Furthermore, a blower section filter 77 (filter section) is provided in the blower section 13 upstream of the fan (not shown) to purify the intake air and prevent dust and the like from being blown into the air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, room A20, room B21, entrance hall 11, attic space 6, and underfloor space 7. Both the air conditioning filter 76 and the air blower filter 77 can be removed from the main body for periodic cleaning and other maintenance.

[0022] The return air vent filter 75 is a non-woven fabric made of polyester and modacrylic with a thickness of 15 mm to 30 mm, is used at a standard wind speed of 1 m / s, has an efficiency (gravimetric method) of 80% or more, and can be regenerated by washing. The air conditioning filter 76 is a filter made of polypropylene fibers woven into a honeycomb pattern and molded into a resin frame. Although it has low efficiency, it has low pressure loss, is not water-absorbent, and is easy to clean by washing. The air blower filter 77 is a 2 mm thick nonwoven fabric made of polyester or other materials, is used at a standard air speed of 2 m / s, has an efficiency (gravimetric method) of 30%, has low pressure loss, and can be regenerated by washing. If you want to reduce the frequency of maintenance such as cleaning, you can use a filter made of polypropylene fibers woven in a honeycomb shape molded into a resin frame, like the air conditioning filter 76, although this will reduce efficiency a little.

[0023] An electric dust collector type air cleaner 80 is provided downstream of the return air port 44 in the air conditioning unit 10, between the air conditioning section 16 and the blower section 13. The air cleaner 80 includes a prefilter and an electric dust collector. The prefilter is a coarse mesh filter made of stainless steel with a mesh size of about 20 to 50, which is located upstream of the electric dust collector. It removes mainly visible coarse particles, such as particles with a diameter of 10 to 20 μm or more, from the air sucked in from the return air vent 44 and the air blown out from the air conditioning unit 16, and allows the air to pass through the electric dust collector. The prefilter may be made of a resin such as polypropylene depending on the application. An electrostatic precipitator located downstream of the prefilter removes even finer particles, those with a particle size of 0.3 μm or more, such as airborne particles such as mold spores, dust, pollen, yellow sand, and PM2.5. In this embodiment, an electric dust collecting air purifier 80 is provided, but a HEPA filter type that passes fine filter paper such as a HEPA filter (High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter) may also be used, and may be selected depending on the type and level of dust, bacteria, harmful substances, etc. to be removed, the shape of the machine, the shape of the air conditioning unit 10, the air speed inside the air conditioning unit 10, the frequency of maintenance such as cleaning, etc. For example, when targeting viruses with particle diameters of 0.1 μm or more that can be captured by a HEPA filter, a HEPA filter type is used. Furthermore, the pre-filter and the electric dust collector can be easily maintained, such as cleaned and replaced, by opening the airtight door of the air conditioning unit 10. In this embodiment, the air purifier 80 is provided inside the air conditioning unit 10, but it may be provided in the middle of the return air path returning from the room 20 or the like to the air conditioning unit 10.

[0024] In this embodiment, the blower section 13 in the air conditioning unit 10 is separate from the blower (not shown) of the air conditioning section 16, but any configuration of the blower section 13 and blower may be used as long as the air conditioning blowing function for heat exchange in a heat exchanger (not shown) and the transport function for blowing air to each room and each space are effectively performed. In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit 10 is a sealed air-conditioned room covered with walls and insulation, but it may be a compact housing covered with sheet metal or insulation, and as long as the positional relationship between the air conditioning unit 16 and the blower unit 13 allows the air sucked in from the return air vent 44 and the air blown out by the air conditioning unit 16 to be well mixed without taking a shortcut, a part of the space such as a staircase landing 12, under the stairs, or a corridor may be enclosed with walls or the like, and the air conditioning unit 16, blower unit 13, etc. may be provided, with the other part being an open space. However, it is preferable that the size of the air conditioning unit 16 and blower unit 13 be large enough to allow easy maintenance of the air conditioning unit 16 and blower unit 13. An air conditioning unit controller 110 having sensors and a control unit for detecting the temperature, humidity, and dust concentration of the air after it has passed through the air purifier 80 is provided below the air purifier 80 in the air conditioning unit 10, and in the entrance hall 11 where the return air from the rooms and spaces and the outside air gather, there is provided a room temperature controller 120 having sensors for detecting the temperature, humidity, and dust concentration of the air in the entrance hall 11 where the air is mixed and homogenized, and a temperature setting unit and control unit for setting the temperature of the entrance hall 11. The air conditioning unit controller 110 and the room temperature controller 120 are connected to the control unit of the air conditioning unit 16 and the control unit of the blower unit 13 by signal lines for exchanging signals.

[0025] FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the air conditioning unit 10. As shown in FIG. The air conditioning unit 10, which is sealed and covered with walls (including an airtight door) and insulation, is installed on the landing 12 of the stairs in the entrance hall 11, and a return air vent 44 (suction section) through which air from room A20 etc. returns to the air conditioning unit 10 is provided at the top of the airtight door (not shown) that contacts the landing 12 of the stairs in the entrance hall 11, and is equipped with a return air vent filter 75 (filter section). The air conditioning section 16 is provided at a distance from the back in front of the return air port 44, and the main bodies of the multiple blower sections 13 are embedded in the vertical shaft 35 on the back side of the air conditioning unit 10, at the bottom inside the air conditioning unit 10. In the air conditioning unit 16, a portion of the air sucked in from the return air port 44 by the blower unit 13 (air that is a mixture of return air from the rooms and spaces and introduced outdoor air in the entrance hall 11) is sucked in from the intake ports 86 on the top and front sides by a blower (not shown), cleaned by the air conditioning unit filter 76 (filter section), and the air that has exchanged heat with the refrigerant in the heat exchanger (not shown) is blown out downward from the exhaust port 87. An air purifier 80 is provided between the air conditioning section 16, the return air port 44 and the blower section 13 so as to separate the upper and lower parts of the air conditioning unit 10. Below the air purifier 80 and in front of the blower unit 13 is the mixing section 85, which is a space where a portion of the air sucked in from the return air port 44 (air in the entrance hall 11 that is a mixture of return air from the rooms and spaces and introduced outdoor air) is mixed with the air blown out from the air conditioning unit 16. The blower section 13 purifies the air by passing the outlet air blown out from the air conditioning section 16 and a portion of the air that bypasses the air conditioning section 16 through the return air port 44 without being sucked into the air conditioning section 16 through an air purifier 80, and sucks in the conditioned air mixed in the mixer section 85 through an intake port 88, further purifies it through the blower section filter (filter section) 77, and flows it into the air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, and 34.

[0026] FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the air conditioning unit 16. Air drawn in through intake ports 86 on the top and front of the housing of the air conditioning unit 16 is purified by the air conditioning unit filter 76, exchanges heat with the refrigerant in heat exchangers 91 and 92, and is then blown out by the blower 90 from the exhaust port 87 in the direction in which the louvers 94 are facing. The air conditioning unit 16 has three operating modes: cooling, heating, and reheat dehumidification, and the heat exchangers 91 and 92 are structured so that the characteristics of the refrigerant flowing through them change and their roles change depending on the operating mode. That is, during cooling operation, both the heat exchangers 91 and 92 function as evaporators through which low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant flows, and during heating operation, both the heat exchangers 91 and 92 function as condensers through which high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant flows. During the reheat dehumidification operation, the heat exchanger 91 functions as an evaporator through which a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant flows, and the heat exchanger 92 functions as a reheater through which a medium-temperature, medium-pressure refrigerant flows. Since the surface temperature of the heat exchanger 91 (evaporator) becomes the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant that is lower than the dew point temperature of the intake air, the temperature of the air that passes through the heat exchanger 91 (evaporator) decreases and the absolute humidity decreases. Condensed water (dehumidified water) that condenses on the surface of the heat exchanger 91 (evaporator) flows into a drain pan 93 below the heat exchanger 91 (evaporator) and is diverted to the outside of the room by a drain hose (not shown). Since the surface temperature of the heat exchanger 92 (reheater) becomes the condensation temperature of the refrigerant that is higher than the intake air, the temperature of the air that passes through the heat exchanger 91 increases. The air that passes through the two heat exchangers 91 and 92 is joined and mixed by the blower 90 to become air that is higher than the intake air temperature and has a low absolute humidity, and is blown out from the air outlet 87.

[0027] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, the air supply duct B61, the exhaust duct B55 and the air supply duct A57. The air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, the air supply duct B61, the exhaust duct B55 and the air supply duct A57 are flexible ducts with an inner diameter of 150 mm, which have high thermal insulation and moisture resistance. The duct is composed of, from the outside, an external covering material 100 such as a flexible polyethylene sheet having a thickness of about 0.08 mm, a thickness of 25 mm, and a density of 24 kg / m 3The insulating material 101 is made of glass wool or the like having a thickness of about 0.1 mm, the inner covering material 102 is made of a polypropylene film, soft polyvinyl chloride film, PET film or the like having a non-breathable and non-moisture permeable property and a small surface roughness (irregularities on the surface) compared to polyester nonwoven fabric, and the like, and the air passage 103 through which the air-conditioned air passes is made. A molding core material (not shown) such as polypropylene resin is provided between the inside of the insulating material 101 and the inner covering material 102, so that even if the air-conditioning ducts 30 to 34 etc. are bent, they will not buckle and the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal air passage 103 can be secured. In this embodiment, the heat insulating material 101 has a thickness of 25 mm and a density of 24 kg / m 3 In the case where the outer diameter of the duct becomes large and it is difficult to secure a space for the duct to pass through within the insulated space of the building 2, the density of the insulation material is set to 100 kg / m 3 or more and use glass wool or the like with a thickness of 10 mm or less to ensure duct space. In that case, since the insulation of the duct will be slightly reduced, it is desirable to take measures such as strengthening the insulation of the insulated space through which the duct passes, passing the duct through an insulated space away from the outer skin of the building 2, or increasing the number of air outlets 25, 26 in the insulated space to increase the air conditioning capacity.

[0028] FIG. 5 is a control block diagram of the system. The air conditioning unit controller 110 has a temperature sensor 111 that detects the temperature of the conditioned air in the mixing section 85 within the air conditioning unit 10 after it has passed through the air purifier 80 and before it is sucked into the blower section 13, and a humidity sensor 112 that detects the humidity of the same air, and a dust sensor 113 that detects the mass concentration of dust in the same air, and transmits data to the control section 114. The room temperature controller 120 has a temperature sensor 121 that detects the temperature of the air sucked into the return air vent 44 (air that is a mixture of return air from the rooms and spaces and outdoor air introduced into the entrance hall 11), a humidity sensor 122 that detects the humidity of the same air, a dust sensor 123 that detects the mass concentration of dust in the same air, and a temperature setting unit 125 that sets the temperature of the air, and transmits data to the control unit 124. The air conditioning unit 16 has an intake temperature sensor 133 that detects the temperature of the intake air being heat exchanged in the heat exchangers 91, 92, and transmits data to the control unit 130. The air conditioning unit 16 also has a blower control unit 131 that controls the rotation speed of the blower 90 based on instructions from the control unit 130, and a louver control unit 132 that controls the angle of the louvers 94. The air conditioning outdoor unit 14 has a compressor control unit 136 that controls the rotation speed of a compressor (not shown) based on instructions from a control unit 135, and an outdoor blower control unit 137 that controls the rotation speed of an outdoor blower (not shown). The blower 13 has a motor control unit 141 that controls the number of rotations of a motor (not shown) according to instructions from the control unit 140.

[0029] The control unit 114 of the air conditioning unit controller 110 and the control unit 124 of the room temperature controller 120 are connected by a signal line 150 to exchange signals. The control unit 114 of the air conditioning unit controller 110 and the control unit 130 of the air conditioning unit 16 are connected by a signal line 151 to exchange signals. The control unit 130 of the air conditioning unit 16 and the control unit 135 of the air conditioning outdoor unit 14 are connected by a signal line 152 and exchange signals therebetween. The control unit 114 of the air conditioning unit controller 110 and the control units 140 of the plurality of air blowers 13 are connected by signal lines 153, and exchange signals therebetween.

[0030] The air purifier 80 has an electric dust collector control unit 161 that controls the operation of the electric dust collector according to instructions from the control unit 160. The control unit 114 of the air conditioning unit controller 110 and the control unit 160 of the air purifier 80 are connected by a signal line 154 to exchange signals. The heat exchange ventilation unit 50 has a motor control unit 166 that controls the rotation speed of the motor according to instructions from a control unit 165. The control unit 114 of the air conditioning unit controller 110 and the control unit 165 of the heat exchange ventilation unit 50 are connected by a signal line 155 to exchange signals.

[0031] In the above configuration, the air conditioning unit controller 110 and the room temperature controller 120 are each connected to the air conditioning section 16, the multiple fans 13, the air purifier 80, and the heat exchange unit 50 by multiple signal lines, and communicate with them to properly control the ducted air conditioning and ventilation system 1. Note that in this embodiment, communication is performed by a wired method using signal lines, but it is also possible to provide a wireless communication unit in each and perform communication by a wireless method such as Wi-Fi (registered trademark), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or infrared.

[0032] In the above configuration, when the temperature is set using the temperature setting unit 125 of the room temperature controller 120 and the duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system 1 is operated, the air conditioning unit 16, the multiple blower units 13, the air purifier 80 and the heat exchange unit 50 are appropriately controlled and operated by the air conditioning unit controller 110. The return air after air conditioning from each room, the attic space 6, the underfloor space 7, etc. is returned to the entrance hall 11 through a return air passage by a plurality of fans 13. In addition, the outdoor air that has been purified by the filter box 59 and has exchanged heat with the indoor air in the heat exchange unit 50 enters the entrance hall 11 through the ventilation air supply port 60. These airs are mixed in the entrance hall 11, purified by the return air inlet filter 75 (filter portion) of the return air inlet 44 of the air conditioning unit 10, and flow into the air conditioning unit 10. The air conditioning unit 16 draws in a portion of the air sucked in from the return air port 44 through the suction port 86, cleans it with the air conditioning unit filter 76 (filter section), and blows the air that has exchanged heat with the refrigerant in a heat exchanger (not shown) downward through the outlet port 87. The remaining air sucked from the return air port 44 in the plurality of blower sections 13 bypasses the air conditioning section 16 and passes through the air purifier 80 together with the air blown out from the air conditioning section 16, where fine dust, bacteria, etc. are removed and the air is purified, and the mixture section 85 becomes well-mixed conditioned air. The multiple blower units 13 draw in conditioned air from the intake ports 88, further purify it with the blower unit filters (filter units) 77, and let it flow into the air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, and . In this embodiment, the air volume of the air conditioning unit 16 is about 600 m3 / h, the temperature of the blown air is about 10K during cooling and about 20K during heating compared to the temperature of the intake air, but the total air volume of the multiple blowing units 13 is about 1500 m 3 / h, the remaining 900m3 of the air sucked in from the return air vent 44 3 When this air is mixed with the air bypassing the air conditioner 16 at 1000 / h in the mixing section 85, the total length of the air is about 1500 m 3 Conditioned air of about 5K during cooling and about 10K during heating is drawn into the multiple blower sections 13 for 1 hour.

[0033] Here, since the building 2 is highly airtight and highly insulated and there is almost no temperature gradient in the return air duct, the temperature of the air intake by the air conditioning unit 16 is almost the same as the temperature in the entrance hall 11, the average temperature of the return air from each room and space, and the average temperature of each room and space. Air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, and 34 pass through vertical shaft 35, which is an insulated space. Air conditioning duct 33 blows out conditioned air from air outlet 25 in attic space 6 (insulated space), and conditions and ventilates attic space 6, which is at the top of building 2 and is susceptible to radiant heat from the roof and to the effects of the outdoors. Air conditioning duct 34 blows out conditioned air from air outlet 26 in underfloor space 7 (insulated space), and conditions and ventilates underfloor space 7, which is at the bottom of building 2 and is susceptible to the influences of the basement and the outdoors. The air conditioning ducts 30, 32 pass through the underfloor space 7 (insulated space) and blow out conditioned air from the air outlets 22, 24, respectively, to air-condition and ventilate the room A20 and the entrance hall 11. The air conditioning duct 31 passes through the attic space 6 (thermal insulating space) and blows out conditioned air from the air outlet 23 to air-condition and ventilate the room B21. That is, about 1500 m 3The conditioned air that has been purified by the multiple filter sections and air purifier 80, with temperatures of about 5 K during cooling and about 10 K during heating, for each room and space of 100 sq. m / h, passes through air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, and 34, all of which pass through the insulated space, and is blown out from air outlets 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26 to room A 20, room B 21, entrance hall 11, attic space 6, and underfloor space 7 by air blower section 13. Therefore, even though the air conditioning air passes through air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, and 34, there is almost no temperature gradient, and a large volume of purified conditioned air with temperatures of about 5 K during cooling and about 10 K during heating is blown out from air outlets 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26 as is, with temperatures of each room and space of about 5 K during cooling and about 10 K during heating, so that the building 2 is ventilated to a very comfortable and uniform temperature and with very good air quality. Furthermore, as described above, a large volume of purified conditioned air passes through the air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, and 34 at a temperature within about 5K during cooling and about 10K during heating relative to the temperature of the insulated space through which the air conditioning ducts pass. This prevents condensation inside or outside the ducts, and in particular prevents moisture, dust, bacteria, and the like from accumulating inside the ducts.

[0034] The conditioned air that has been ventilated in each room and space passes through exhaust vents 40, 41, 42, and 43, returns to the entrance hall 11, and then returns to the air conditioning unit 10 through the return air vent 44. The air sucked in from the return air vent 44 (air in the entrance hall 11 that is a mixture of return air from the rooms and spaces and introduced outdoor air) is reconditioned by the air conditioning unit 10 and supplied to each room and space, so the heat and air quality of the return air are reused, resulting in energy savings. Then, in the entrance hall 11, a part of the mixture of the return air from the room or space and the introduced outdoor air flows into the toilet 51 through the louver 65 by the heat exchange unit 50. The air containing moisture, odor, harmful substances, etc. from the toilet 51 exchanges total heat with the outdoor air purified by the filter box 59 by the heat exchange unit 50, and is exhausted to the outside through the outdoor exhaust hood A54, and a part of the mixture of the return air from the room or space and the introduced outdoor air replaces the air in the toilet 51. The fresh outdoor air after the total heat exchange is blown out from the ventilation air supply port 60 in the entrance hall 11, where it is mixed with the return air from the rooms and spaces, flows into the air conditioning unit 10 from the return air port 44, and is sent to each room and space. When a large amount of moisture or a strong odor is temporarily generated in bathroom 66, such as during bathing, ceiling-mounted ventilation fan 67 is operated at a strong setting to quickly exhaust the air directly outside, while a mixture of return air from the room and space and outdoor air introduced through louver 70 replaces the air in bathroom 66. Therefore, when the air is stable, the air quality (temperature, humidity, cleanliness, etc.) in bathroom 66 is close to that of conditioned air.

[0035] The volume of air sent by each blower 13 is determined based on the volume of each room or space. The volume of air sent for air conditioning is 2.5 m 3 At least 8m per 3 / h or more, ideally 20m 3 / h or more is desirable, and the amount of airflow is adjusted according to the air-conditioning load such as the size of the room and solar radiation. Since blower 13 rotates a sirocco fan (not shown) with a highly efficient DC motor (not shown), the rotation speed of the sirocco fan (not shown) is controlled by control unit 140 and motor control unit 141 according to the air-conditioning load, etc. Basically, there is one air blowing unit 13 per air outlet, and they are connected by one air conditioning duct; however, if there is room in the air blowing unit 13 for the required air volume mentioned above, it is possible to branch the air conditioning duct along the way and increase the number of air outlets depending on the shape of the room or space; however, resistance will arise at the branching point, and the air speed will change, which may cause moisture, dust, bacteria, etc. to accumulate, and cleaning and other maintenance will also be difficult, so if possible, it is desirable to have a 1:1:1 ratio, and if a branching point must be provided, it is necessary to provide an inspection hatch nearby so that the branching point can be cleaned or replaced later.

[0036] The capacity and number of air conditioning units 16 are selected depending on the air conditioning load of building 2, but when selecting the capacity, it is desirable to select an air conditioner or the like with a capacity that allows the compressor (not shown) to continue operating at a low frequency (around 30 Hz) with a higher COP (appropriate rated capacity for the air conditioning load of the building, at most 100%), as this will result in continuous operation at the low frequency during stable operation, which is more energy-efficient and provides stable temperature and humidity without hunting. In the air conditioning unit 10, the air drawn in from the return air vent 44 (a mixture of return air from the rooms and spaces and introduced outside air in the entrance hall 11) is reliably mixed with the air blown out by the air conditioning section 16, and the air is conditioned to a uniform temperature with little temperature difference between each room and space, in other words, the air volume of the air conditioning section 16 is desirably set to 50% or less of the total air volume blown by the multiple air blowing sections 13 so that the conditioned air has a temperature difference of within 5 K when cooling and within 10 K when heating relative to the target temperature of each room and space. The conditioned air is sent by a plurality of blowing units 13 through a plurality of air conditioning ducts and from air outlets provided on the ceilings and walls of each room and space, thereby air-conditioning and ventilating each room and space to a uniform comfortable temperature. For example, if the floor area of ​​a building is approximately 100 m 2 When the ceiling height is 2.5m, an air conditioning unit 16 with a cooling capacity equivalent to 4kW is installed, and the air conditioning volume during cooling operation in weak wind mode is 600m 3 The blower unit 13 that blows air to each room and space has a blowing capacity of 100 m3 per unit at low airflow. 3 / h, medium wind speed 150m 3 / h, and strong winds of 200m 3 / h, the total volume of air blown by 10 blowers 13 is 1000 m 3 / h~2000m 3 / h, which is greater than the conditioned air volume of the air conditioning unit 16, and an air volume of 30 to 60% of the total air volume is set as the conditioned air volume of the air conditioning unit 16 (weak wind mode). In addition, the conditioned air volume is the volume of air passing through the heat exchanger (not shown) of the air conditioning unit 16. In order to avoid pressure loss due to passing through the heat exchanger so that conditioned air can be blown out to each room at a large volume, in the case of the air conditioning unit 16 having an air duct that bypasses the heat exchanger, the air volume of the bypass air duct is excluded from the conditioned air volume.

[0037] The amount of outdoor air introduced by the heat exchange unit 50 and the amount of indoor air discharged, that is, the ventilation air volume, is about 100 m2 of floor area. 2 With a ceiling height of 2.5m and a ventilation rate of 0.5 times / h, the 24-hour ventilation volume is 125m 3 / h. In the bathroom 66, when taking a bath, the exhaust air volume of the ceiling-mounted ventilation fan 67 is 80 m 3 / h, resulting in temporary excess exhaust, but this is short-lived, and the negative pressure causes a slight increase in the amount of outdoor air introduced into the heat exchange ventilation unit 50, so that the building 2 as a whole can take in an appropriate amount of fresh, purified outdoor air while expelling moisture, carbon dioxide, odors, VOCs, dust, bacteria, and other contaminants, thereby achieving energy-saving, healthy, and comfortable air conditioning and ventilation.

[0038] In summer, when the room temperature is set to 25°C, the blowing temperature of the air conditioning unit 16 in cooling operation is 15°C, which is about 10K lower than the temperature of the air sucked in from the return air port 44, which is 26°C. However, it mixes with the air sucked in from the return air port 44, which is 26°C, and becomes 21°C, which is about 5K lower than the temperature of the air sucked in from the return air port 44. Since it is sucked into the blower unit 13 and passes through the air conditioning duct, there is no temperature gradient and it is blown out from the outlet to each room and space at 21°C. During stability, most of the insulated spaces through which the air conditioning duct passes have blowing outlets, and since it passes through conditioned insulated spaces, the inner surface temperature of the air conditioning duct is 22°C, close to 21°C, and the outer surface temperature is 24°C, close to the room temperature of the insulated space, which is 25°C. When the room temperature in an insulated space is 25°C and the relative humidity is 60%, the dew point temperature is 17°C and no condensation forms on the outer surface of the air conditioning duct. In addition, when the outdoor temperature drops, the air conditioning load decreases, the air conditioning unit 16 is thermo-off, and the compressor stops, the temperature and humidity of the air blown out from the air conditioning unit 16 will be 25°C, the same as room temperature, and even if the relative humidity is slightly higher at 80% as the condensed water that has condensed on the evaporator of the air conditioning unit 16 re-evaporates, the dew point temperature will be 21°C and no condensation will form on the inner surface of the air conditioning duct. For comparison, in a conventional ducted air conditioning and ventilation system, the air blown out by the air conditioning unit is sent straight into the duct, so the blown out air is at 15°C, which is more than 10K lower than the 26°C temperature of the air conditioning unit's intake air, cooling the inner surface of the duct to about 17°C. In this state, when the thermostat is turned off and the compressor stops, the blown out air has a temperature of 25°C, a relative humidity of 80%, and a dew point of 21°C, and as it passes through the duct, condensation forms on the inner surface of the duct.

[0039] In winter, when the room temperature is set to 21°C, the blowing temperature of the air conditioning unit 16 in heating operation is 42°C, which is about 20K higher than the temperature of the air sucked in from the return air port 44, which is 20°C. However, it mixes with the air sucked in from the return air port 44 at 19°C and becomes 30°C, which is about 10K higher than the temperature of the air sucked in from the return air port 44. Since it passes through the air conditioning ducts by the blower unit 13, there is no temperature gradient and it is blown out from the outlets to each room and space at 30°C. During stability, most of the insulated spaces through which the air conditioning ducts pass have blowing outlets, and since it passes through conditioned insulated spaces, the inner surface temperature of the air conditioning duct is 28°C, close to 30°C, and the outer surface temperature is 23°C, close to the room temperature of the insulated spaces, which is 21°C. The temperature and humidity of the air blown out from the blower 13 is 30°C (temperature) and 32% (relative humidity) with a dew point of 12°C, so no condensation occurs on the inner circumferential surface of the air conditioning duct. Even if the air is humidified with a humidifier and the relative humidity is raised to 50%, the dew point is 18°C, so no condensation occurs. In addition, when the outdoor temperature rises, the air conditioning load decreases, the air conditioning unit 16 turns off the thermostat, and the compressor stops, the temperature and humidity of the air blown out from the air blower unit 13 is the same as the room temperature at 21°C, the relative humidity rises to 60%, the dew point temperature is 12°C, and no condensation forms on the inner surface of the air conditioning duct. Even if the relative humidity rises to 80% by humidifying the air with a humidifier, the dew point temperature is 17°C and no condensation forms. For comparison, in a conventional ducted air conditioning and ventilation system, if the duct does not pass through an insulated space in the house, the space is not air-conditioned, and the insulation performance of the duct is low, the temperature of the space is close to the outside air temperature, for example, the outside air temperature is 0°C and the space temperature is 2°C, the air blown out by the air conditioning unit flows directly into the duct, so the blown out air is at 40°C, which is about 20K higher than the air conditioning unit's intake air temperature of 20°C, and at a relative humidity of 20%, the dew point temperature is 13°C, and if the inner surface temperature of the duct falls below 13°C, condensation will form on the inner surface of the duct. In this state, when the thermostat is turned off and the compressor is stopped, the blown out air will have a temperature of 21°C, a relative humidity of 60%, a dew point of 13°C, and will similarly condense. When a humidifier is used to increase the relative humidity, the amount of condensation increases.

[0040] Air volume of air conditioning unit 16: 600 m 3 / h, the total air volume of the multiple blowers 13 is 1500 m 3 / h is significantly higher, about 1500m 3 For the temperature of each room and space at 1000 s / h, conditioned air of about 5 K or less during cooling and about 10 K or less during heating is blown out into the room or space, so the temperature of the room or space remains stable for a long time. In addition, when determining the capacity of the air conditioning unit 16, an air conditioner or the like is selected that has a capacity (appropriate rated capacity for the air conditioning load of the building, at most 100%) that allows the compressor (not shown) to continue operating at a low frequency with a higher COP. Therefore, in order to save energy, the set temperature of the air conditioning unit 16 is set slightly lower (within about 5 K during cooling) or slightly higher (within about 10 K during heating) than the average temperature of the room or space so that the compressor (not shown) operates at a low frequency for a long time during stable operation. Because this is an airtight, highly insulated house, the average temperature of the room and space, the temperature of the air sucked in from the return air vent 44 (intake section), and the temperature of the air sucked in by the air conditioning unit 16 are almost equal. As a result, the temperature of the air sucked in by the air conditioning unit 16 remains slightly higher (when cooling) or slightly lower (when heating) than the set temperature for a long period of time. With the thermostat on, the compressor operates at a low frequency, preventing hunting of temperature and humidity due to the thermostat being turned on / off, or a low COP when the compressor starts up. As a result, the entire building 2 is energy-efficient, with comfortable, uniform temperature and humidity.

[0041] Particularly during cooling operation in the summer, the air conditioning unit 16 remains in the thermo-ON state with a small temperature difference for a long period of time, and the compressor (not shown) continues to operate, so that the surface temperature of the evaporator, the so-called evaporation temperature, becomes lower than the dew point temperature of the intake air, causing moisture in the intake air to condense in the evaporator. Due to long-term operation, a large amount of dehumidification is removed, and the absolute humidity of the blown air continues to decrease for a long period of time, the absolute humidity of the conditioned air also decreases, and the relative humidity inside the air conditioning duct, the room, and the space through which the conditioned air flows also decreases. For example, during cooling operation in the summer when the outdoor temperature is about 35°C and the relative humidity is about 40%, and the room temperature setting is stable at 25°C, the intake air temperature of air conditioning unit 10 will be about 26°C, compared to the average temperature of the room and space of 25°C, due to the temperature gradient in the return air duct and the outdoor air that has exchanged heat with the indoor air and is about 30°C. If the set temperature of air conditioning section 16 is set to 22-24°C, which is about 2-4K lower than the intake air temperature of 26°C, air conditioning section 16 will remain in the thermo-ON state with a small temperature difference for a long time, the compressor (not shown) will continue to operate at a low frequency, the amount of dehumidification removed will increase, and the relative humidity inside the air conditioning duct, room, and space through which conditioned air with low absolute humidity flows will also drop to below 40%. Normally, when an air conditioner is in cooling mode, condensation that forms on the evaporator when the thermostat is on causes the compressor to stop when the thermostat is turned off, and as the evaporation temperature rises, the condensation is re-evaporated by the intake air, causing the absolute humidity of the blown air to rise and resulting in air with a very uncomfortable high absolute humidity. However, with this ducted air conditioning and ventilation system 1, the thermostat is turned off less frequently, making it less likely for the conditioned air to become like that.

[0042] Even if the capacity of air conditioning unit 16 is determined as described above, when the air conditioning load changes due to the outdoor temperature, for example, during the rainy season when the temperature is not that high but the humidity is muggy (temperature 27°C, relative humidity 80% or more), if air conditioning unit 16 is operated in cooling mode, the sensible heat capacity is high like that of a general air conditioner, so the temperature drops relatively quickly and the thermostat is turned off, the amount of dehumidification removed is small, the absolute humidity of the blown air does not decrease, the absolute humidity of the conditioned air does not decrease, and the relative humidity in the air conditioning duct, room, and space through which the conditioned air flows does not decrease either, so that only the temperature drops and the relative humidity increases. In such a case, the operating mode of the air conditioning unit 16 is set to reheat dehumidification operation, and the heat exchanger 91 functions as an evaporator through which a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant flows, and the heat exchanger 92 functions as a reheater through which a medium-temperature, medium-pressure refrigerant flows, so that the outlet air has a temperature higher than the suction air and a low absolute humidity, and is blown out from the outlet 87; the temperature does not decrease, but the absolute humidity decreases. As a result, the air conditioning unit 16 keeps the reheat dehumidification thermostat ON for a long period of time and the compressor (not shown) continues to operate, so that the surface temperature of the heat exchanger 91 (evaporator), the so-called evaporation temperature, becomes lower than the dew point temperature of the intake air, causing moisture in the intake air to condense in the heat exchanger 91 (evaporator).Due to long-term operation, a large amount of dehumidification is removed, the absolute humidity of the blown air continues to decrease for a long period of time, the absolute humidity of the conditioned air also decreases, and the relative humidity inside the air conditioning duct, the room, and the space through which the conditioned air flows also decreases. In this embodiment, a heat pump type in which a refrigerant flows through the heat exchanger 92 (reheater) is used, but the reheater may be a heat exchanger in which hot water generated using a fuel cell or the like as a heat source flows.

[0043] As a result of the above, the conditioned air passing through the air conditioning duct contains little dust, bacteria, moisture, etc., and condensation is less likely to occur inside the air conditioning duct, so even after long periods of operation, moisture and mold spores are unlikely to adhere to the accumulated dust, causing mold to grow. However, if there is a nonwoven fabric such as polypropylene on the inside surface of the air conditioning duct, the nonwoven fabric is breathable and moisture-permeable, and dust, moisture, mold spores, etc. may adhere to the insulating material inside the nonwoven fabric, causing mold to grow. Also, if the insulation material is glass wool, if moisture gets into the gaps between the fibers due to surface tension or capillary action, even if the material dries, the fibers will stick together, and it will no longer be able to store the large amount of air needed for insulation, reducing the insulating function. Therefore, once condensation occurs inside the duct, it becomes more prone to condensation. In addition, nonwoven fabric has a large surface roughness (surface unevenness), so if the air passing through contains a lot of dust or other particles for some reason, the dust or other particles tend to get caught in the nonwoven fabric and accumulate. Furthermore, when cleaning the inside of an air conditioning duct using a machine with a rotating brush or the like, the brush may get caught on the unevenness of the surface of the nonwoven fabric, causing damage to the nonwoven fabric. In such a case, for the air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, inside the insulating material 101 such as glass wool, on the inside surface of the duct through which the air conditioned air passes, an internal covering material 102 such as polypropylene film, soft polyvinyl chloride film, PET film, etc. that is non-breathable and non-moisture permeable to polyester nonwoven fabric and has a small surface roughness (surface irregularities) of about 0.1 mm is used. This prevents dust, moisture, mold spores, etc. from penetrating the glass wool from the inside surface of the duct, making it difficult for mold, etc. to grow there. Furthermore, since dust, etc. is not easily accumulated on the surface and it does not contain moisture, mold, etc. is not easily propagated, and dust, mold, bacteria, odors, etc. inside the duct are less likely to enter the building 2, creating a healthy and comfortable space.

[0044] In this embodiment, the exhaust duct B55, the supply duct A57, the supply duct B61, and the exhaust duct C68 also use ducts similar to the above-mentioned air conditioning ducts 30 to 34. For the supply duct B61, the intrusion of dust and mold spores is suppressed by passing through the outside air cleaning filter 58, but the collection efficiency is not 100%, and condensation is suppressed by total heat exchange with the indoor air by the heat exchange element 63, but condensation is likely to occur in the harsh winter and during extreme heat, so by using ducts similar to the air conditioning ducts 30 to 34, the risk of mold and the like growing in the ducts is reduced, and dust, mold, bacteria, odors, and the like in the ducts are less likely to enter the building 2. For the air supply duct A57, by using a duct similar to the air conditioning ducts 30 to 34, dust, mold spores, moisture, etc. are less likely to adhere to at least the inside of the air supply duct A57, the progression of dirt is slowed, and condensation due to contact with the outdoor air at the outdoor air supply hood 56 is also reduced. For the exhaust duct B55, by using a duct similar to the air conditioning ducts 30 to 34, dust, mold spores, moisture, etc. are less likely to adhere to at least the inside of the exhaust duct B55, the progression of dirt is slowed, and dust, mold spores, moisture, etc. are easily discharged from the outdoor exhaust hood A54, and condensation due to contact with the outdoor air at the outdoor exhaust hood A54 is also reduced. As for the exhaust duct C68, by using a duct similar to the air conditioning ducts 30 to 34, dust, mold spores, moisture, etc. are less likely to adhere to at least the inside of the exhaust duct C68, the progression of dirt is slowed down, and dust, mold spores, moisture, etc. are more easily discharged from the outdoor exhaust hood C69, and condensation due to contact of the outdoor exhaust hood C69 with the outside air is also reduced.

[0045] When the temperature is set using the temperature setting section 125 of the room temperature controller 120 and the ducted air conditioning and ventilation system 1 is operated, the air conditioning section 16, the multiple blower sections 13, the air purifier 80 and the heat exchanger unit 50 are appropriately controlled and operated by the air conditioning unit controller 110 as described below. The temperature, humidity, and dust concentration of the conditioned air in mixing section 85 in the air conditioning unit 10 are detected by a temperature sensor 111 in the air conditioning unit controller 110, a humidity sensor 112 which detects the humidity of the air, and a dust sensor 113 which detects the mass concentration of dust in the air, and the temperature of the air sucked in from the return air vent 44 (air that is a mixture of return air from the rooms and spaces and introduced outside air in the entrance hall 11) is detected by a temperature sensor 121 in the room temperature controller 120, a humidity sensor 122 which detects the humidity of the air, and a dust sensor 123 which detects the mass concentration of dust in the air, and the data is sent to each control section 114, 124 respectively, and data is sent from control section 124 to control section 114 via signal line 150. Moreover, the temperature data set by the temperature setting unit 125 of the room temperature controller 120 is sent to the control unit 124 , and the data is sent from the control unit 124 to the control unit 114 via a signal line 150 .

[0046] The control unit 114 compares the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 121 with the temperature set by the temperature setting unit 125, and determines the operating mode of the air conditioning unit 16 to be either cooling or heating. In the case of cooling operation, the humidity detected by the humidity sensor 122 is compared with a threshold value, and if it is lower than the threshold value, it determines to perform cooling operation, and if it is higher than the threshold value, it determines to perform reheat dehumidification operation. In addition, the control unit 114 estimates the average temperature of the room and space from the temperature of the air sucked in from the return air port 44 detected by the temperature sensor 121, estimates the average temperature of the air in the air conditioning duct from the temperature of the conditioned air in the mixing unit 85 detected by the temperature sensor 111, and determines the set temperature of the air conditioning unit 16 and the airflow rate of the air blower unit 13 so that the average temperature of the room and space becomes the set temperature, and also sets the average temperature of the room and space to the average temperature of the air around the air conditioning duct, and so that the average temperature of the air in the air conditioning duct is within 5 K during cooling and within 10 K during heating.The control unit 114 sends signals of the operating mode of the air conditioning unit 16 (cooling / heating / reheat dehumidification), the set temperature of the air conditioning unit 16, and the airflow rate of the air blower unit 13 determined earlier to the control unit 130 of the air conditioning unit 16 via signal line 151, and sends signals to the control units 140 of the multiple air blowers 13 via signal line 153.

[0047] The air volume of the blower 13 is, for example, about 100 m2. 2 The ceiling height is 2.5m, the cooling capacity is equivalent to 4kW, and the air volume during cooling operation in weak wind mode is 600m 3 When the air conditioning unit 16 with a capacity of 100 m3 / h is installed, the blower unit 13 has a low airflow rate of 100 m3 / h. 3 / h, maximum airflow is 300m 3 / h, 10 units were installed, and the total air volume of the 10 blowers 13 was 1000 m 3 / h~2000m 3 / h, and the air volume is set to 100 m so that the air volume of the air conditioning unit 16 is greater than the air volume of the air conditioning unit 16 (weak wind mode) and is 30 to 60% of the total air volume. 3 / h 300m 3 / h, and while the duct type air conditioning and ventilation system 1 is in operation, the air flow rate is not set to 0, and the wind speed of the conditioned air in the air conditioning ducts 30 to 34 with an inner diameter of 150 mm is always controlled to be 1.6 to 4.7 m / s. In general, the evaporation rate of water due to air movement above the water surface is Y (kg / m 2 s) is the saturated vapor volume on the water surface, Xw (kg / m 3 ), the amount of water vapor in the air above the water surface, Xa (kg / m 3 ), where V is the speed of air movement above the water surface (m / s), then Y = K·V(Xw-Xa), which is proportional to the speed of movement. When this is applied to the air conditioning ducts 30-34, the amount of water that condenses on the inner surface of the air conditioning duct evaporates in proportion to the wind speed of the conditioned air, so in this ducted air conditioning and ventilation system 1, even if condensation does form inside the air conditioning duct, the airflow is not set to 0 and the conditioned air is kept flowing at all times in order to evaporate as quickly as possible.

[0048] The control unit 130 of the air conditioning unit 16 receives the signals of the operation mode and set temperature, and based on the suction temperature data from the suction temperature sensor 133, determines the operating state of the compressor and other components of the air conditioning unit 16, instructs the blower control unit 131 and the louver control unit 132 on the rotation speed of the blower 90 and the angle of the louver 94, respectively, and sends a signal to the control unit 135 of the air conditioning outdoor unit 14 via signal line 152. The control unit 135 of the air conditioner outdoor unit 14, which has received a similar signal, instructs the compressor control unit 136 and the outdoor blower control unit 137 on the rotation speed of the compressor and the rotation speed of the outdoor blower, respectively. The control units 140 of the plurality of blowing units 13 that receive the signal on the airflow volume instruct the respective motor control units 141 on the rotation speed of the respective motors. Furthermore, the control unit 114 compares the dust concentration detected by the dust sensor 123 with a threshold value, and if the dust concentration is lower than the threshold value, decides to stop the air purifier 80, and if the dust concentration is higher, decides to operate the air purifier 80, and sends a signal to the control unit 160 of the air purifier 80 via the signal line 154. The control unit 160, upon receiving the signal, instructs the electric dust collector control unit 161 to stop / operate. Regarding the ventilation air volume of the heat exchanger unit 50, a ventilation air volume setting means (not shown) of the air conditioning unit controller 110 sets a 24-hour ventilation air volume according to the size of the building 2, and the control unit 114 sends a signal to the control unit 165 of the heat exchanger unit 50 via the signal line 155, and the control unit 165 instructs the motor control unit 166 on the fan rotation speed according to that air volume, but if the humidity and dust concentration detected by the humidity sensor 122 and the dust sensor 123 are significantly higher than the threshold values, it decides to temporarily increase the ventilation air volume above the 24-hour ventilation air volume, and instructs the motor control unit 166 on that rotation speed.

[0049] Also, for example, a control unit (not shown) of ceiling embedded ventilation fan 67 and control unit 114 may be connected by a signal line, and if the humidity and dust concentration detected by humidity sensor 122 and dust sensor 123 are significantly greater than a threshold value, it may be decided to operate ceiling embedded ventilation fan 67, and a signal may be sent from control unit 114 to the control unit (not shown) of ceiling embedded ventilation fan 67. Furthermore, in this case, since the exhaust from the ceiling-embedded ventilation fan 67 will disrupt the supply and exhaust balance of the entire building 2, a signal may be sent from control unit 114 to control unit 165 to increase the rotation speed of only the intake fan (not shown) that introduces outside air to the heat exchange ventilation unit 50, thereby achieving a balance between supply and exhaust air.

[0050] For example, in the case where the outdoor temperature in summer is about 35°C and the relative humidity is about 40%, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 121 of the room temperature controller 120 is 28°C, and the temperature set by the temperature setting unit 125 is 25°C, the control unit 114 initially determines the operation mode of the air conditioning unit 16 to be cooling, and when the humidity detected by the humidity sensor 122 is 50%, which is lower than the threshold value of 70%, it determines that cooling operation will be performed. Then, control unit 114 estimates the average temperature of the room and space to be 27°C from the temperature 28°C detected by temperature sensor 121, estimates the average temperature of the air in the air conditioning duct to be 25°C from the temperature 25°C detected by temperature sensor 111, and determines the set temperature of air conditioning unit 16 to be 22°C so that the average temperature of the room and space, 27°C, becomes the set temperature of 25°C, and also sets the average temperature of the room and space, 27°C, to the average temperature of the air around the air conditioning duct, 27°C, and on the other hand, during cooling, the average temperature of the air in the air conditioning duct is 22°C to 27°C within 5K (the average temperature in the air conditioning duct at this time is 25°C). The air volume of blower unit 13 is set to 200 m 3 / h, and sends a signal to the control unit 130 of the air conditioning unit 16 via a signal line 151, and sends a signal to the control units 140 of the plurality of air blowing units 13 via a signal line 153. The control unit 130 of the air conditioning unit 16 receives a signal indicating the operation mode "cooling" and the set temperature "22°C", along with the data on the suction temperature "28°C" from the suction temperature sensor 133, and instructs the operating state of the compressor etc. of the air conditioning unit 16, for example, to set the rotation speed of the blower 90 to 900 r / min, the angle of the louvers 94 to 45 degrees downward from the horizontal, operate the compressor at a medium frequency of 52 Hz, and instructs the rotation speed of the outdoor blower to 600 r / min, etc. Airflow volume: 200m 3 The control units 140 of the multiple blowing units 13 that have received the "1 / h" signal instruct the respective motor control units 141 to set the rotation speed of each motor to 1200 r / min, for example.

[0051] For example, in the rainy season, when the outdoor temperature is about 27°C and the relative humidity is about 80%, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 121 of the room temperature controller 120 is 24°C, and the temperature set by the temperature setting unit 125 is 22°C, the control unit 114 initially determines the operation mode of the air conditioning unit 16 to be cooling, and when the humidity detected by the humidity sensor 122 is 80%, which is higher than the threshold value of 70%, it determines that reheat dehumidification operation will be performed. Then, control unit 114 estimates the average temperature of the room and space to be 23°C from the temperature 24°C detected by temperature sensor 121, estimates the average temperature of the air in the air conditioning duct to be 20°C from the temperature 20°C detected by temperature sensor 111, and determines the set temperature of air conditioning unit 16 to be 22°C so that the average temperature of the room and space, 23°C, becomes the set temperature of 22°C, and also sets the average temperature of the room and space, 23°C, to the average temperature of the air around the air conditioning duct, 23°C. On the other hand, during cooling, the average temperature of the air in the air conditioning duct is 18°C ​​to 23°C within 5K (the average temperature in the air conditioning duct at this time is 20°C). The air volume of blower unit 13 is set to 150 m 3 / h, and sends a signal to the control unit 130 of the air conditioning unit 16 via a signal line 151, and sends a signal to the control units 140 of the plurality of air blowing units 13 via a signal line 153. The control unit 130 of the air conditioning unit 16 receives a signal indicating the operation mode "reheat dehumidification" and the set temperature "22°C", and, together with the data on the suction temperature "23°C" from the suction temperature sensor 133, instructs the operating state of the compressor etc. of the air conditioning unit 16, for example, to set the rotation speed of the blower 90 to 600 r / min, the angle of the louver 94 to 45 degrees downward from the horizontal, operate the compressor at a low frequency of 32 Hz, and instructs the rotation speed of the outdoor blower to 600 r / min, etc. Airflow volume: 150m 3 The control units 140 of the multiple blowing units 13 that have received the "32.times.1 / h" signal instruct the respective motor control units 141 to set the rotation speed of each motor to, for example, 900 r / min.

[0052] For example, when the outdoor temperature in winter is about 7°C, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 121 of the room temperature controller 120 is 16°C, and the temperature set by the temperature setting unit 125 is 20°C, the control unit 114 determines the operation mode of the air conditioning unit 16 to be heating. Then, control unit 114 estimates the average temperature of the room and space to be 17°C from the temperature 16°C detected by temperature sensor 121, estimates the average temperature of the air in the air conditioning duct to be 25°C from the temperature 25°C detected by temperature sensor 111, and determines the set temperature of air conditioning unit 16 to be 22°C so that the average temperature of the room and space, 17°C, becomes the set temperature of 20°C, and also sets the average temperature of the room and space, 17°C, to the average temperature of the air around the air conditioning duct, 17°C, while during heating, the average temperature of the air in the air conditioning duct is within 10K, between 17°C and 27°C (the average temperature in the air conditioning duct at this time is 25°C). Also, it determines the set temperature of air conditioning unit 16 to be 22°C so that the airflow volume of blower unit 13 becomes 200 m 3 / h, and sends a signal to the control unit 130 of the air conditioning unit 16 via a signal line 151, and sends a signal to the control units 140 of the plurality of air blowing units 13 via a signal line 153. The control unit 130 of the air conditioning unit 16 receives the signals of the operation mode "heating" and the set temperature "22°C", along with the data of the suction temperature "16°C" from the suction temperature sensor 133, and instructs the operating state of the compressor etc. of the air conditioning unit 16, for example, to set the rotation speed of the blower 90 to 900 r / min, the angle of the louver 94 to 60 degrees downward from the horizontal, operate the compressor at a medium frequency of 52 Hz, and instructs the rotation speed of the outdoor blower to 900 r / min, etc. Airflow volume: 200m 3 The control units 140 of the multiple blowing units 13 that have received the "1 / h" signal instruct the respective motor control units 141 to set the rotation speed of each motor to 1200 r / min, for example.

[0053] Thereafter, at a certain timing, the control unit 114 determines the set temperature of the air conditioning unit 16 so that the average temperature of the room or space becomes the set temperature, and so that the average temperature of the air inside the air conditioning duct becomes within 5 K during cooling and within 10 K during heating of the average temperature of the air around the air conditioning duct, and determines the airflow rate of the air blowing unit 13, and sends a signal to the control unit 130 of the air conditioning unit 16 via signal line 151, and sends a signal to the control units 140 of the multiple air blowing units 13 via signal line 153. The control unit 130 of the air conditioning unit 16 receives the signals of the operation mode and set temperature, and along with the suction temperature data from the suction temperature sensor 133, it instructs the operating state of the compressor and other components of the air conditioning unit 16, such as the blower rotation speed and louver angle, the compressor operating frequency, and the outdoor blower rotation speed. The control units 140 of the plurality of blowing units 13 that receive the signal on the airflow volume instruct the respective motor control units 141 on the rotation speed of the respective motors. The above is repeated until the air conditioning unit controller 110 stops the operation.

[0054] During operation, the rotation speed of the blower unit 13 is controlled but is not stopped, and the sirocco fan continues to rotate and continues to blow air into the air conditioning ducts 30-34. This is because it is effective in keeping the air in the air conditioning ducts 30-34 moving, sweeping dust and the like on the surface out of the air outlet, evaporating moisture, and making the temperature and humidity in the building 2, including inside and outside the air conditioning ducts 30-34, uniform. In addition, it is desirable that the operation by the air conditioning unit controller 110 is basically continuous 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, except for stops for maintenance or long-term absences. The blower section 13 is rotated by a highly efficient DC motor (not shown), so it is originally energy-saving, and power consumption is further reduced in proportion to the rotation speed, but the compressor of the air conditioning outdoor unit 14 accounts for a large proportion of the power consumption of this system. Therefore, even if it is operated continuously, unless the air conditioning load is very large due to the outdoor temperature or solar radiation, the compressor operates at a low frequency or stops during stable operation, so that even if the blower section 13 continues to operate, the power consumption of the system is very small, but it is very effective in preventing the adhesion and accumulation of dust, mold, and moisture in the air conditioning ducts 30 to 34. In addition, when "setting the average temperature of the room or space as the set temperature" and "ensuring that the average temperature of the air inside the air conditioning duct is within 5 K of the average temperature of the air surrounding the air conditioning duct when cooling, and within 10 K when heating" are not compatible, normally, from the user's perspective, the control prioritizes "setting the average temperature of the room or space as the set temperature." However, when starting operation and the air conditioning load is high, for example, the mode can be changed to one that prioritizes "ensuring that the average temperature of the air inside the air conditioning duct is within 5 K of the average temperature of the air surrounding the air conditioning duct when cooling, and within 10 K when heating" by using a hidden operation provided in the air conditioning unit controller 110 (for example, setting the set temperature to the minimum or maximum temperature when starting operation). However, basically, the moisture, dust, bacteria, etc. in the air passing through the air conditioning duct is significantly less than in a normal duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system, and by installing an air conditioning unit 16 of appropriate capacity in an airtight, highly insulated building 2, making the total air flow volume of the blower unit 13 greater than the conditioned air flow volume of the air conditioning unit 16, and setting the air flow volume of the air conditioning unit 16 to 30 to 60% of the total air flow volume (weak wind mode), during stable operation after a long period of time, the temperature of the air blown out from the air conditioning unit 16 will be nearly equal to the temperature of the intake air, and the average temperature of the air inside the air conditioning duct will be nearly equal to the average temperature of the air surrounding the air conditioning duct, so dust and other particles are less likely to accumulate in the air conditioning duct, and it is less likely to contain moisture, making it less likely for mold and other microorganisms to grow.

[0055] In this embodiment, the purpose of providing the air outlets 25, 26 in the attic space 6 and underfloor space 7, which are insulated spaces, and blowing conditioned air with the multiple blowing units 13 is, of course, to condition the spaces through which the air conditioning ducts 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 pass and prevent condensation inside and outside the air conditioning ducts, and air outlets may be provided in all of the insulated spaces through which the air conditioning ducts 30-34 pass in preparation for changes in air conditioning load and the risk of deterioration of the insulation materials over time. For example, an air outlet may be provided in the vertical shaft 35. Another reason for installing the air outlets in spaces where people are rarely present is that if the entire building 2 is conditioned with conditioned air, the entire building 2 will have a uniform temperature with little temperature difference between rooms and spaces, and there will be little heat transfer, which will actually be more energy efficient in maintaining a comfortable space. In particular, the attic space 6 and underfloor space 7 are large spaces facing the exterior wall of the building 2, which will provide even higher insulation for the building 2 and result in more energy-efficient air conditioning. In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit 16 is described as a so-called air conditioning indoor unit in which the heat exchangers 91 and 92 and the blower 90 are housed in an integrated housing, the blower unit 13 is described as a so-called blower, and the air conditioning unit 10 is described as an air-conditioned room, which is a relatively compact room of about 1 tsubo (3.3 square meters) surrounded by insulating walls on all sides. However, the air conditioning unit 10 may be a housing surrounded by sheet metal or the like, and only a heat exchanger is provided as the air conditioning unit 16 in the housing, and multiple blowers are provided as the blower unit 13, and a part of the air sucked into the air conditioning unit 10 is blown out by passing it through the heat exchanger, and a part of the air sucked into the air conditioning unit 10 is bypassed without passing through the heat exchanger, and the bypass air and the blown out air are mixed in the housing to become conditioned air, and this conditioned air may be blown into each room or space. Even in this case, it is preferable that the air conditioning unit 16, the multiple blowers 13, and the air purifier 80 have a size and structure that makes maintenance such as cleaning and work easy.

[0056] As an example of this embodiment, the floor area of ​​the building 2 is about 100 m 2 If the ceiling height is 2.5m, the total air volume to be sent to each room or space must be 1,500m3 in order to provide energy-efficient air conditioning and ventilation to each room or space at a uniform temperature. 3 / h, the circulation frequency will be 6 times / h, and the processing volume of the air purifier 80 will be 1500 m 3 / h, which means that the circulation rate is 6 times / h, and the large volume of air sent for the air conditioning and ventilation of the entire building 2 can also purify the air in the entire building 2, including inside the air conditioning ducts, making it a rational system. In general, compared with the HEPA filter type, the electric dust collector has the advantages of smaller ventilation resistance, lower power consumption of the blower 13, lower operating noise, less clogging, and a longer lifespan. However, it has the disadvantages of lower temporary dust collection efficiency and generation of by-products such as ozone. On the other hand, HEPA filter types generally have disadvantages such as high ventilation resistance, high power consumption by the air blower 13, high operating noise, easy clogging, and short lifespan, but they have advantages such as high temporary dust collection efficiency, easy capture of finer particle size substances in a short time, and no generation of by-products such as ozone. In this embodiment, either method can remove dust and mold spore-level particles that are to be removed by operating for a long period of time, so the method can be selected based on the type and level of other harmful substances to be removed, the shape of the machine, the shape of the air conditioning unit 10, the air speed inside the air conditioning unit 10, the frequency of maintenance, and points that the user considers important, etc. In particular, in the case of the HEPA filter type, passing such a large volume of air requires a significant improvement in the performance (PQ, etc.) of the air blowing unit 13 and also increases noise, but in this embodiment, multiple air blowing units 13, for example ten air blowing units 13, are used to blow air and circulate it inside the building 2, so the performance improvement of each air blowing unit 13 is mitigated. Also, the volume of air blown per unit can be easily increased by increasing the rotation speed of the DC motor of each air blowing unit 13, and the increase in power consumption is smaller than with an AC motor, so the total volume of air blown can be increased rationally, with high energy efficiency, and the air inside the building 2 can be purified. Furthermore, if the size of the return air vent 44 of the air conditioning unit 10 is set so that the air speed passing through the HEPA filter is 1 m / s or less, the increase in noise can be suppressed, but it is relatively easy to make the air conditioning unit 10 larger if there is sufficient space within the building 2.

[0057] In this embodiment, the filter section and air purifier 80 are arranged in the following order from the upstream of the air passage inside the air conditioning unit 10 toward the air conditioning ducts 30-34: return air inlet filter 75 (efficiency 80% or more), air purifier 80 (capable of capturing particles of 0.3 μm as well), and air blower filter 77 (efficiency 30%) is provided immediately before the air conditioning ducts 30-34. However, the filter section and air purifier 80 may be provided midway through the circulation path as long as they efficiently purify the air passing through the circulation path and are easy to maintain. Furthermore, with regard to the order of arrangement of the filter section and air purifier 80 in the circulation path and air conditioning unit 10, if those that can capture larger particles or have a lower collection efficiency are located upstream and those that can capture smaller particles or have a higher collection efficiency are located downstream, the pressure loss of the filter section and air purifier will not increase suddenly, resulting in energy savings and reduced frequency of maintenance such as cleaning. Furthermore, providing a filter section immediately before the air conditioning ducts 30 to 34, as in the case of the air blower filter 77 of this embodiment, is effective in minimizing the intrusion of dust and the like even if there is a leak in the air duct upstream, another filter section, or the air purifier 80. For example, it is reasonable to leave the blower filter 77 in its original position even if its efficiency is reduced, and to install a pre-return air port filter (30% efficiency) upstream of the return air port filter 75, in the order of pre-return air port filter (30% efficiency), return air port filter 75 (80% efficiency or more), air purifier 80 (capable of capturing particles of 0.3 μm), and blower filter (low efficiency). Here, the above-mentioned filters do not include a pre-filter of the air cleaner 80, but it is desirable to have a rational filter section configuration and order including this. Also, the air conditioning filter 76 (low efficiency) is not included in this order because there is an air path in the circulation path that can bypass the air conditioning filter 76, and increasing the efficiency of the air conditioning filter 76 only increases the amount of air that bypasses it. Furthermore, in this embodiment, within the airtightly insulated air conditioning unit 10, an air conditioning section 16 with a reheat dehumidification function and a mixing section 85 are provided almost immediately before the blower section 13 at the entrance to the air conditioning ducts 30-34. This allows conditioned air with reduced absolute humidity and appropriate temperature and humidity to be blown directly into the air conditioning ducts 30-34, thereby preventing condensation within the air conditioning ducts 30-34.

[0058] As described above, the conditioned air produced by the air conditioning unit 10 is blown into the ducts at a large volume with a temperature within 5K of the air temperature around the air conditioning ducts 30-34 during cooling and within 10K during heating, and the air is blown out from the air outlets 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 of the room A20, the room B21, the entrance hall 11, the attic space (insulated space) 6, and the underfloor space (insulated space) 7 to condition the rooms and the insulated spaces above and below in the highly airtight and highly insulated building 2, so that the inside of the building 2 tends to have a comfortable and uniform temperature and humidity, including the insulated spaces with a large air conditioning load such as solar radiation load. And, because the air conditioning ducts 30-34 pass through the insulated spaces, condensation is unlikely to occur inside and outside the ducts during cooling, or inside the ducts during heating. In addition, a plurality of filter sections (return air inlet filter 75, air conditioning section filter 76, blower section filter 77) are provided in the circulation path (air conditioning unit 10) through which the conditioned air flows and returns to purify the air inside the building 2, and a heat exchange unit 50 and an outdoor air purification filter 58 are provided in the outdoor air introduction path to purify the outdoor air to be introduced, and part of the air that has conditioned the rooms and insulated spaces is exhausted to the outside from so-called dirty zones (toilets 51, washrooms, etc.) through the air conditioning ducts 30-34, thereby introducing the purified outdoor air, and purifying the air while circulating inside the building 2 and exhausting the air inside the building 2 that is contaminated with dust and moisture. And, because the purified air flows inside the air conditioning ducts 30-34, dust and the like are less likely to accumulate inside the ducts. Furthermore, in building 2, in addition to moisture generated by humans, moisture generated by bathing and cooking in bathroom 66, kitchen, etc. is discharged to the outside by providing ceiling-embedded ventilation fans 67, so that such moisture does not stagnate in building 2 and is not included in the conditioned air, and therefore does not flow into air conditioning ducts 30-34. As a result, dust, moisture, condensation, and the like do not accumulate or remain inside the air conditioning ducts 30-34, so mold is less likely to grow and odors caused by bacteria are less likely to occur, and the dust, mold, bacteria, odors, and the like inside the air conditioning ducts 30-34 are less likely to enter the building 2, realizing a healthy and comfortable space. Moreover, even after long-term use, maintenance such as replacement or cleaning of the air conditioning ducts 30-34 is not required, and healthy and comfortable air conditioning and ventilation can always be performed inside the building 2.

[0059] The highly airtight and highly insulated building 2 has a roof that is insulated and a foundation that is insulated, and attic space 6 at the top of the building, which is easily affected by solar radiation and outside temperature, is an insulated space, and underfloor space 7 at the bottom of the building 2, which is affected by the temperature of the ground and is prone to becoming humid, is an insulated space, and each of these is air-conditioned. Combined with the air-conditioning of the rooms, which are insulated spaces on the sides of building 2, all of the spaces facing the exterior of building 2 are insulated spaces and are all air-conditioned, so that the temperature and humidity inside building 2, including inside and outside air-conditioning ducts 30-34, become more uniform, and condensation inside and outside the ducts during cooling, and inside the ducts during heating, are less likely to occur. Also, part of the air sucked in from return air port (suction section) 44 by blower section 13 of air conditioning unit 10 is sucked into air conditioning section 16, conditioned, and blown out. Then, part of the air sucked in from the suction section is not sucked into air conditioning section 16, but joins and is mixed with the blown air in mixer section 85, and by adjusting the air volume, set temperature, and air volume of blower section 13, etc. of air conditioning section 16, it is possible to stably produce a large volume of conditioned air within 5K during cooling and within 10K during heating with respect to the temperature of the air around air conditioning ducts 30-34 in an energy-saving manner, and since the conditioned air is passed through air conditioning ducts 30-34, condensation is less likely to form in the air conditioning ducts. Furthermore, because the air volume of the blower unit 13 is significantly greater than the air volume of the air conditioning unit 16, the temperature of the intake air of the air conditioning unit 16 remains stable for a long time, being slightly higher (when cooling) or slightly lower (when heating) than the set temperature. As a result, particularly during cooling operation in the summer, the air conditioning unit 16 remains in the thermo-on state with a small temperature difference for a long time, and the compressor continues to operate at a low frequency. As a result, the surface temperature of the evaporator, the so-called evaporation temperature, becomes lower than the dew point temperature of the intake air, causing moisture in the intake air to condense in the evaporator. As a result, the amount of dehumidification removed increases due to long-term operation, the absolute humidity of the blown air decreases for a long time, and the absolute humidity of the conditioned air also decreases. As a result, the relative humidity in the air conditioning ducts 30-34, the room, and the space through which the conditioned air flows also decreases, making it less likely for condensation to form in the air conditioning ducts 30-34 during cooling operation.

[0060] By driving the compressor of the air conditioning unit 16, the air volume of the blower unit 13, which has a significantly lower running cost per unit air volume than the air volume of the air conditioning unit 16, which has a high running cost per unit air volume, is increased to create conditioned air, which passes through the air conditioning ducts 30 to 34, resulting in energy saving. As an example, an air conditioner (air conditioning unit) with a cooling capacity of 4 kW and a COP of 4 alone can blow 1,200 m3 of air to the entire house. 3 To produce conditioned air at 1000m / h, a minimum of 600m 3 Two air conditioners with a capacity of 200 m2 each are required, and if you control the capacity and do not turn off the thermostat, it will cost about 30 to 40 yen / h. However, to produce conditioned air using an air conditioner (air conditioning unit) and a blower (air blowing unit), it will cost about 1 air conditioner and 200 m2. 3 If six blowers with a capacity of 100 / h are required and the capacity is controlled without turning off the thermostat, the blowers have DC motors and consume about 5W / h each, so it is estimated that it will cost only about 20 yen / h, which is almost the same as one air conditioner. Generally, air conditioner fans are cross-flow fans, so the static pressure is low and they cannot be ducted, so although it depends on the layout of the house, it is difficult to blow conditioned air to the entire house with two air conditioners, and in reality, more air conditioners will be needed, which will increase running costs even more. On the other hand, blowers are axial fans, so the static pressure is high and they are suitable for ducting, so conditioned air can be produced with one air conditioner and running costs will be low.

[0061] Furthermore, during reheat dehumidification operation, one heat exchanger 91 functions as an evaporator through which low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant flows, and the other heat exchanger 92 functions as a reheater through which medium-temperature, medium-pressure refrigerant flows, so that the outlet air has a temperature higher than the suction air and a low absolute humidity, and is blown out from the outlet 87.As a result, in the air conditioning unit 16, the reheat dehumidification thermo ON state continues for a long time and the compressor continues to operate, so that the surface temperature of the evaporator, the so-called evaporation temperature, becomes lower than the dew point temperature of the suction air, and moisture in the suction air condenses in the evaporator.Due to long-term operation, a large amount of dehumidification is removed, and the absolute humidity of the outlet air decreases for a long time. The absolute humidity of the conditioned air also decreases, and the relative humidity in the air conditioning ducts 30-34, the room, and the space through which the conditioned air flows also decreases. This makes it even less likely for condensation to form in the air conditioning ducts 30-34 during periods of medium temperature and high humidity, such as the rainy season. Furthermore, a HEPA filter type or electrostatic precipitator type air purifier 80 is provided in the circulation path (air conditioning unit 10) to remove mold spore-level particles contained in the conditioned air, making it more difficult for mold to grow in the air conditioning ducts 30-34 through which the conditioned air passes.

[0062] Furthermore, the surface through which the conditioned air flows inside the air conditioning ducts 30-34 does not have a nonwoven fabric that is breathable and moisture permeable but has a large surface irregularity, but instead has a polypropylene film, soft polyvinyl chloride film, or PET film that is non-breathable and non-moisture permeable and has a small surface roughness (surface irregularity). Therefore, dust, moisture, mold spores, etc. do not penetrate into the glass wool from the surface, making it difficult for mold and the like to grow. Furthermore, since the surface does not easily accumulate dust and does not contain moisture, mold and the like is also difficult to grow, and dust, mold, bacteria, odors, etc. inside the air conditioning ducts 30-34 are unlikely to enter the building 2, creating a healthy and comfortable space. Furthermore, the average temperature of the room or space automatically becomes the set temperature, and the average temperature of the air inside the air conditioning ducts 30-34 becomes within 5K during cooling and within 10K during heating of the average temperature of the air surrounding the air conditioning ducts 30-34. This makes it possible to suppress condensation inside and outside the air conditioning ducts while maintaining the room or space at the temperature set by the user, and ensures that mold and other microorganisms are less likely to grow even if there is external disturbance or a change in the air conditioning load.

[0063] (Embodiment 2) FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the construction of a sound absorbing and heat insulating duct in the system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. For example, if room B21 is used as a bedroom and the noise from the air outlet 23 of room B21 (noise from the flow of conditioned air, noise propagation from the air conditioning unit 10) is so loud that it interferes with daily life, such as making it difficult to sleep, the noise can be reduced by installing a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating duct 170 with high sound-absorbing and heat-insulating properties between the air conditioning duct 31 and the air outlet 23. One flange of the joint 171 is connected to the air conditioning duct 31, and the other flange is connected to one end of a flexible sound absorbing and heat insulating duct 170 with an inner diameter of 150 mm and a length of 3 m. When connecting, nails are driven in from all four sides around the duct, and airtight heat insulating tape is applied with a sufficient margin to prevent leaks over the long term even if force is applied. The other end of the sound absorbing and heat insulating duct 170 is connected to the flange 172 of the air outlet 23 in the same manner as above. A mounting flange 175 of the air outlet 23 is passed through a mounting hole 174 opened in a ceiling 173 of the room B21, and the air outlet 23 is attached to the ceiling 173 with screws or the like. When cleaning or replacing the sound-absorbing heat-insulating duct 170, the size of the mounting hole 174 is set to 400 mm or more, and the size of the air outlet 23 is set to 450 mm or more so that it can be closed by removing the air outlet 23 from the ceiling 173 and pulling the sound-absorbing heat-insulating duct 170 out through the mounting hole 174 to the room B21 side when cleaning or replacing the sound-absorbing heat-insulating duct 170. Also, it is preferable to determine the position of the mounting hole 174 so that the joint 171 can be installed by inserting a hand through the mounting hole 174, and to store the sound-absorbing heat-insulating duct 170 around the mounting hole 174 on the back side of the ceiling 173 in a coiled manner.

[0064] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating duct. The sound absorbing and heat insulating duct 170 is a flexible duct with an inner diameter of 150 mm, which has high sound absorbing properties, heat insulating properties, and moisture resistance. The duct is configured as follows, from the outside, an external covering material 100 such as a flexible polyethylene sheet having a thickness of about 0.08 mm; a heat insulating material 101 such as glass wool having a thickness of 25 mm and a density of about 24 kg / m3; an internal covering material 102 such as a polypropylene film, soft polyvinyl chloride film, or PET film having a thickness of about 0.1 mm which is non-breathable and non-moisture permeable and has a small surface roughness (surface irregularities) compared to polyester nonwoven fabric; an air layer 180 having a thickness of 10 to 50 mm; an aluminum fiber sound absorbing material 181 having a thickness of 1 to 2 mm which has high sound absorption and weather resistance; and an air passage 103 through which air-conditioned air passes. A molding core material (not shown) such as polypropylene resin is provided on the inside of the internal covering material 102 and on the outside of the sound absorbing material 181 so that even if the sound absorbing and heat insulating duct 170 is bent, the entire duct does not buckle, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal air layer 180 and the air passage 103 can be secured. In order to prevent dust, moisture, mold spores, etc. from getting into the glass wool that is the insulating material 101 of the sound absorbing and heat insulating duct 170, an internal covering material 102 such as polypropylene film, soft polyvinyl chloride film, or PET film that is non-breathable and non-moisture permeable and has a small surface roughness (surface irregularities) is provided on the inside, so that mold and the like do not easily grow on the glass wool. Inside, there is an air layer 180 and an aluminum fiber sound absorbing material 181, which is in contact with the air passage 103, and therefore the air layer 180 and the porous sound absorbing material 181 absorb the fluid noise of the air-conditioned air flowing and the noise generated by the air conditioning unit 10, etc. The sound absorbing material 181 itself is made of aluminum fiber, so it has excellent weather resistance, does not contain moisture even if condensed, and even if it gets into the inner air layer 180, it is prevented from getting any further by the internal covering material 102, and on the contrary, it returns to the air passage 103 by gravity and evaporation. The sound absorbing material 181 acts as a filter, so that dust and the like is unlikely to get into the air layer 180, and only adheres to the surface, so that dust and the like adhering to the surface of the sound absorbing material 181 of the sound absorbing heat insulating duct 170 is cleaned from the mounting hole 174 periodically, about once a year, to remove dust and the like that has adhered to the surface, and if it deteriorates with age, the sound absorbing heat insulating duct 170 is removed and replaced. Regarding cleaning, there is no nonwoven fabric on the inside surface of the duct, and the sound-absorbing material is made of metal, so it is strong and not easily damaged even when cleaning with a brush, etc.

[0065] In this embodiment, the heat insulating material 101 of the sound absorbing heat insulating duct 170 is made of glass wool having a thickness of 25 mm and a density of about 24 kg / m3. However, if the outer diameter of the duct becomes large and it becomes difficult to secure a space for the duct to pass through within the insulated space of the building 2, the density of the heat insulating material may be increased to 100 kg / m3. 3 or more and use glass wool or the like with a thickness of 10 mm or less to ensure duct space. In that case, since the insulation of the duct will be slightly reduced, it is desirable to take measures such as strengthening the insulation of the insulated space through which the duct passes, passing the duct through an insulated space away from the outer skin of the building 2, or increasing the number of air outlets 25, 26 in the insulated space to increase the air conditioning capacity. Furthermore, the thickness of air layer 181, 10 to 50 mm, is determined depending on the frequency and volume of the noise to be absorbed. As a result, sound absorbing and heat insulating duct 170 having aluminum fiber sound absorbing material 181 with high sound absorption and weather resistance on the surface inside the duct through which the conditioned air flows is installed between air outlet 23 and air conditioning duct 31 in a replaceable manner via mounting hole 174, making it possible to reduce noise from air outlet 23 in rooms that require quieter operation such as bedrooms, and since only dust and the like adheres to the surface of the sound absorbing material, mold and the like are less likely to grow thereon compared to sound absorbing materials such as glass wool, heat insulation does not decrease, and regular cleaning or, in the unlikely event that duct replacement is required, the inside of the duct can be easily cleaned or replaced via mounting hole 174. [Industrial Applicability]

[0066] Even after long-term operation, the system can keep the ducts clean while providing highly efficient air conditioning and ventilation throughout the building, maintaining a healthy and comfortable space. As long as the building uses a system that uses ducts to transport conditioned air and ventilation air, the system can be applied to the air conditioning and ventilation of not only ordinary homes, but also hotels, offices, commercial facilities, hospitals, factories, research facilities and other buildings. [Explanation of symbols]

[0067] 1 Ducted air conditioning and ventilation system 2. Building 3. Roof 4 Basics 5. Insulated sash 6 Attic space (insulated space) 7 Underfloor space (insulated space) 10. Air Conditioning Unit 11 Entrance Hall 12 Staircase Landing 13 Blower section 14 Air conditioner outdoor unit 15 Electrical wiring 16 Air Conditioning Section 20 Room A 21 Room B 22 Air outlet 23 Air outlet 24 Air outlet 25 Air outlet 26 Air outlet 30 Air conditioning duct 31 Air conditioning duct 32 Air conditioning duct 33 Air conditioning duct 34 Air conditioning duct 35 Vertical shaft 40 Exhaust port 41 Exhaust port 42 Exhaust port 43 Exhaust port 44 Return air vent (intake section) 50 Heat exchange unit 51 Toilet 52 Ventilation vent 53 Exhaust Duct A 54 Outdoor exhaust hood A 55 Exhaust Duct B 56 Outdoor air supply hood 57 Air supply duct A 58 Outdoor air purification filter 59 Filter Box 60 Ventilation intake 61 Air supply duct B 63 Heat exchange element 64 element prefilter 65 Garari 66 Bathroom 67 Ceiling-mounted ventilation fan 68 Exhaust Duct C 69 Outdoor exhaust hood C 70 Garari 75 Return air inlet filter (filter part) 76 Air conditioning filter (filter section) 77 Blower filter (filter section) 80 Air Purifier 85 Mixing section 86 Intake port 87 Air outlet 88 Intake port 90 Blower 91 Heat exchanger 92 Heat exchanger 93 Drain pan 94 Louver 100 External cladding 101 Insulation 102 Internal coating material 103 Wind path 110 Air conditioning unit controller 111 Temperature Sensor 112 Humidity Sensor 113 Dust Sensor 114 Control section 120 Room Temperature Controller 121 Temperature Sensor 122 Humidity Sensor 123 Dust Sensor 124 Control Unit 125 Temperature setting section 130 Control section 131 Blower control unit 132 Louver control section 133 Intake temperature sensor 135 Control Unit 136 Compressor control section 137 Outdoor fan control unit 140 Control section 141 Motor control unit 150 Signal Line 151 Signal Line 152 Signal Line 153 Signal Line 154 Signal Line 155 Signal Line 160 Control section 161 Electric dust collector control unit 165 Control Unit 166 Motor control unit 170 Sound absorbing and heat insulating duct 171 Joint 172 Flange 173 Ceiling 174 Mounting hole 175 Mounting flange 180 Air Layer 181 Sound absorbing material

Claims

1. An air outlet is provided in a room and an insulated space in a highly airtight and highly insulated building, an air conditioning unit provided in the building and the air outlet are connected by an air conditioning duct; The air conditioning duct is passed through the heat-insulating space, From the air conditioning unit toward the air outlet, The room and the insulated space are conditioned by blowing conditioned air into the air conditioning duct at a temperature within 5 K during cooling and within 10 K during heating, relative to the temperature of the air around the air conditioning duct; A filter unit is provided in the air conditioning unit to purify the air inside the building; an air path in which the conditioned air flows from the air conditioning unit to the air outlet and returns to the air conditioning unit from the room and the heat-insulated space is defined as a circulation path; an outdoor air introduction passage for introducing outdoor air from the outside of the room into the circulation passage or the air conditioning unit; An introduction fan and a filter are provided in the outdoor air introduction passage to purify the outdoor air to be introduced; An indoor air exhaust path is provided to exhaust the air in the building to at least one of the circulation path, the room not provided with the air outlet, and the insulated space not provided with the air outlet, and to the outside of the building; A duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system characterized by providing an exhaust fan in the indoor air exhaust path to exhaust at least one of a portion of the air in the circulation path or a portion of the air stagnating within the building to the outside.

2. The highly airtight and highly insulated building has a roof and foundation insulation specifications, The heat-insulating space is an attic space and a space under the floor, The air conditioning unit includes an air conditioning section, a blowing section, a suction section, and a mixing section provided in a housing, The filter unit is provided in the suction unit, The air sucked in from the suction section by the blower section is purified by the filter section, A part of the purified air is sucked into the air conditioning unit and conditioned. The blown air blown out from the air conditioning unit and a part of the purified air are mixed in the mixing unit to become the conditioned air, The conditioned air is blown out from the air outlet through the air conditioning duct, 2. The duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the air volume of the blower section is greater than the air volume of the air conditioning section.

3. 3. The duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system according to claim 2, wherein the air conditioning unit has a reheat dehumidification function.

4. 4. The duct type air conditioning and ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein a HEPA filter type or an electric dust collector type air cleaner is provided in the circulation path or the air conditioning unit.

5. On a surface inside the air conditioning duct through which the conditioned air flows, 5. The duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of a polypropylene film, a soft polyvinyl chloride film, and a PET film.

6. A temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of the room or the insulated space and a temperature setting unit for setting the temperature are provided, A temperature sensor is provided to detect the temperature of the mixing section.

4. The duct type air conditioning and ventilation system according to claim 2, further comprising a control unit that controls the air conditioning unit and the air blowing unit based on detection values ​​of the two temperature sensors and a set temperature of the temperature setting unit.

7. The duct-type air conditioning and ventilation system according to claim 6, characterized in that a heat-insulating duct having an aluminum fiber sound-absorbing material is replaceably provided between the air conditioning duct and the air outlet on the surface inside the duct through which the conditioned air flows.

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