Display device

Abstract

To provide a display device with excellent visibility.SOLUTION: The display device is provided with a display area displayed by light-emitting elements. In the display area, a point touched by a user is defined as a first point, a point touched by the user before touching the first point is defined as a second point, a vector in which a starting point is the first point and an ending point is the second point is defined as a first vector, a vector which is k times the first vector (k is a real number) is defined as a second vector, and a point located at a position where the first point is moved to the second vector is defined as a third point. The display area has a first area and a second area obtained by removing the first area from the display area. The first area includes a first circle centered on the first point and a second circle centered on the third point. The first area is lighter than the second area.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] An embodiment of the present invention relates to a display device or a control program therefor.

[0002] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a semiconductor device. The technical field of the invention disclosed in the present specification and the like is not limited to the above. Alternatively, one aspect of the present invention relates to a process, a machine, a manufacture , or composition of matter.

[0003] In this specification and the like, a semiconductor device is a device that can function by utilizing semiconductor characteristics. Display devices, light-emitting devices, storage devices, electro-optical devices, semiconductor circuits, and electronic devices are all , and a semiconductor device. [Background technology]

[0004] Mobile information terminals equipped with touch panels are becoming more and more common. Organic EL displays are attracting attention as a new type of display. The display has excellent visibility and can be applied to flexible displays. It is.

[0005] A person's field of vision can be divided into central and peripheral vision. Peripheral vision is brighter than central vision. It is said that it has high sensitivity to light, especially to blue (Non-Patent Document 1).

[0006] Oxide semiconductor transistors are used in display devices such as liquid crystal displays and organic electroluminescence displays. The off-state current of oxide semiconductor transistors is extremely low. By taking advantage of this, the refresh frequency when displaying still images can be reduced, A technology for reducing the power consumption of displays such as LCDs and organic EL displays has been disclosed (Patent Document 1 , Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] JP 2011-141522 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2011-141524 A [Non-patent literature]

[0008] [Non-Patent Document 1] Lawrence E. Marks, “Brightness and retinal locus: Effects of target size and spectral composition,” Perception & Psychophysics, 1971, 9, 26‐30. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] There is a demand for reducing power consumption in battery-powered portable information terminals such as mobile phones. When an organic EL display is used in the above information terminal, in order to improve visibility, Increasing the brightness of a display increases the current flowing through the EL element, resulting in increased power consumption. In particular, the power consumption of blue EL elements is greater than that of other colors.

[0010] An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a display device with excellent visibility. According to one aspect, an object of the present invention is to provide a control program for improving the visibility of a display device. An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a display device with low power consumption. An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a novel display device. An object of the present invention is to provide a novel semiconductor device.

[0011] In addition, the description of multiple problems does not preclude the existence of each problem. The embodiment does not necessarily have to solve all of these problems. Also, problems other than those listed may not be solved by the specification. These problems will become apparent from the description of the present invention, drawings, claims, etc. This could be a form of challenge for the Ming. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device having a display area that is displayed using light-emitting elements. It has a function to detect touch. The display area is the first area and the area excluding the first area. The first area includes a point touched by a user. It is preferable that the luminance of the blue color in the first region is lower than the luminance of the blue color in the second region.

[0013] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device having a display area that is displayed using light-emitting elements. It has a function to detect touch. The point on the display area that the user is touching is called the first point. The point that the user touched before touching the first point is the second point, and the first point is the starting point. Then, the vector with the second point as the end point is called the first vector, and the first vector is multiplied by k (k is a real number). Let the second vector be the point where the first point is moved by the second vector, and let the third point be the point where the first point is moved by the second vector. The region includes a first region and a second region that is the display region excluding the first region. The first region is It includes a first circle centered on the first point and a second circle centered on the third point. The first area is smaller than the second area. It is preferable that the brightness is higher than that of the conventional liquid crystal display.

[0014] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device having a display area that is displayed using light-emitting elements. It has the function of detecting touch. The touch panel detects the two points that the user is touching in the display area. One is the first point and the other is the second point. The two points that the user touched before touching the other two points are called the first point and the second point. One of them is the third point and the other is the fourth point, and the vector with the first point as the start point and the third point as the end point is The vector starting from the second point and ending at the fourth point is called the second vector. Then, the third vector is k times the first vector (k is a real number), and the fourth vector is k times the second vector. The point at which the first point is moved by the third vector is the fifth point, and the second point is the fourth vector. The point at the position where the vector is moved is the 6th point. The display area is the 1st area and the area and a second area excluding the first area. The first area has a first point and a second point as its focal points. The first ellipse includes a first ellipse and a second ellipse having foci at the fifth and sixth points. The first region is a second region. It is preferable that the brightness is higher than that of the light emitted from the light source.

[0015] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device having a display area that is displayed using light-emitting elements. It has a function to detect touch. The display area displays multiple lines of text and a background. The display area has a first area and a second area which is the display area excluding the first area. The first region includes the row that is closest to the point where the user is touching. It is preferable that the luminance of the background of the first region is higher than the luminance of the background of the second region.

[0016] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device having a display area that is displayed using light-emitting elements. The display area consists of multiple lines of text and a background. In the display area, the point that the user is touching is regarded as the first point. The point you touched before is the second point, the first point is the start point, and the second point is the end point. Let vector be the first vector, and k times the first vector (k is a real number) be the second vector, and The point at the position where the first point is moved by the second vector is the third point. The display area is divided into the first area and the second area. and a second area obtained by excluding the first area from the display area. The first area includes a first point among the plurality of rows. The first region includes a background of the first area and a background of the first area that is closest to the third point. The luminance is preferably higher than the luminance of the background of the second region.

[0017] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device having a display area that is displayed using light-emitting elements. The display area consists of multiple lines of text and a background. In the display area, one of the two points that the user touches is called the first point, and the other is called the second point. The second point is the second point, and one of the two points that the user touched before touching the other two points is the third point. The other point is the fourth point, and the vector with the first point as the start point and the third point as the end point is the first vector. The vector that starts at the second point and ends at the fourth point is the second vector, and the k Let the third vector be k times (k is a real number), the fourth vector be k times the second vector, and the first point be The point at the position where the third vector is moved is the fifth point, and the point at the position where the second point is moved by the fourth vector is the fifth point. The point at the position is the sixth point. The display area is the first area and the second area excluding the first area. The first region includes a row that is closest to the first point among the plurality of rows, and a region among the plurality of rows. Among the multiple rows, the row closest to the second point, the row closest to the fifth point, and the row closest to the third point The background luminance of the first region is greater than the background luminance of the second region. High is preferable.

[0018] In the above embodiment, the luminance of blue in the second region is greater than the luminance of blue in the first region. It is preferable that it is low.

[0019] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device having a display area. The display area has a function of detecting a touch. The display area includes a first area and a second area that is the display area excluding the first area. The first area includes the point where the user is touching. The first area is brighter than the second area. It is preferable that the first region is used for displaying by using a light emitting element, and the second region is used for reflecting light. It is preferable to use the element to perform the display.

[0020] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device having a display area. The display area has a function of detecting a touch. In the display area, the point that the user touches is defined as a first point. The point you touched before is the second point, the first point is the start point, and the second point is the end point. Let vector be the first vector, and k times the first vector (k is a real number) be the second vector, and The point at the position where the first point is moved by the second vector is the third point. The display area is divided into the first area and the second area. The first area is a second area obtained by removing the first area from the display area. The first area is a second area having a first point as a center. The image includes a first circle and a second circle centered on a third point. The first area is brighter than the second area. It is preferable that the first region is provided with a light-emitting element and the second region is provided with a reflective element. It is preferable to use the same for display.

[0021] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device having a display area. The display area has a function of detecting a touch. In the display area, one of the two points that the user touches is called the first point, and the other is called the second point. The second point is the second point, and one of the two points that the user touched before touching the other two points is the third point. The other point is the fourth point, and the vector with the first point as the start point and the third point as the end point is the first vector. The vector that starts at the second point and ends at the fourth point is the second vector, and the k Let the third vector be k times (k is a real number), the fourth vector be k times the second vector, and the first point be The point at the position where the third vector is moved is the fifth point, and the point at the position where the second point is moved by the fourth vector is the fifth point. The point at the position is the sixth point. The display area is the first area and the second area excluding the first area. The first region has a first ellipse having foci at the first and second points, and a fifth point and and a second ellipse having a focus at the sixth point. The first region has a higher brightness than the second region. It is preferable that the first region is provided with a light-emitting element, and the second region is provided with a reflective element. It is preferable to display the information using the following method.

[0022] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device having a display area. The display area has a function of detecting a touch. The display area displays multiple lines of text and a background. The first area includes a plurality of rows and a second area that is a display area excluding the first area. The background of the first area includes the row closest to the point where the user is touching. The luminance of the first region is preferably higher than the luminance of the background of the second region. It is preferable that the display be performed using a transparent element in the first region and a reflective element in the second region.

[0023] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device having a display area. The display area has a function of detecting a touch. The display area displays a text consisting of multiple lines and a background. In this case, the point that the user is touching is the first point, and the point that the user touched before touching the first point is the The point that was touched is the second point, and the vector with the first point as the start point and the second point as the end point is the first vector. The first point is moved by the second vector, and the second vector is k times the first vector (k is a real number). The point at the position where the image was moved is the third point, and the display area is the first area and the area excluding the first area. The first region has a row that is closest to the first point among the plurality of rows, and a second region that is closest to the first point among the plurality of rows. The background luminance of the first region is the background luminance of the second region. It is preferable that the luminance of the first region is higher than that of the second region. Preferably, the display is achieved using reflective elements in the area.

[0024] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device having a display area. The display area has a function of detecting a touch. The display area displays a text consisting of multiple lines and a background. In this case, one of the two points that the user touches is the first point and the other is the second point. Of the two points that were touched before touching the second point, one is designated as the third point and the other as the fourth point, The vector with the first point as its start point and the third point as its end point is called the first vector, and the vector with the second point as its start point and the third vector is called the The vector with four points as its end points is the second vector, and the third vector is k times the first vector (k is a real number). vector, the second vector multiplied by k is the fourth vector, and the first point is moved by the third vector. The point at the position where the second point is moved by the fourth vector is the sixth point. The display area has a first area and a second area that is the display area excluding the first area. One area is the row that is closest to the first point among multiple rows, and the row that is closest to the second point among multiple rows. A row, a row that is closest to the fifth point among the multiple rows, and a row that is closest to the sixth point among the multiple rows. Preferably, the luminance of the background of the first region is higher than the luminance of the background of the second region. Display is performed using light-emitting elements in the first area, and display is performed using reflective elements in the second area. It is preferable to carry out the following.

[0025] In the above embodiment, the luminance of blue in the second region is greater than the luminance of blue in the first region. It is preferable that it is low.

[0026] One embodiment of the present invention is a display method in a display area displayed by a light-emitting element. It has a function to detect touch. The display area is the first area and the area excluding the first area. The first area includes a point touched by a user. It is preferable that the luminance of the blue color in the first region is lower than the luminance of the blue color in the second region.

[0027] One embodiment of the present invention is a display method in a display area displayed by a light-emitting element. It has a function to detect touch. The point on the display area that the user is touching is called the first point. The point that the user touched before touching the first point is the second point, and the first point is the starting point. Then, the vector with the second point as the end point is called the first vector, and the first vector is multiplied by k (k is a real number). Let the second vector be the point where the first point is moved by the second vector, and let the third point be the point where the first point is moved by the second vector. The region includes a first region and a second region that is the display region excluding the first region. The first region is It includes a first circle centered on the first point and a second circle centered on the third point. The first area is smaller than the second area. It is preferable that the brightness is higher than that of the conventional liquid crystal display.

[0028] One embodiment of the present invention is a display method in a display area displayed by a light-emitting element. It has the function of detecting touch. The touch panel detects the two points that the user is touching in the display area. One is the first point and the other is the second point. The two points that the user touched before touching the other two points are called the first point and the second point. One of them is the third point and the other is the fourth point, and the vector with the first point as the start point and the third point as the end point is The vector starting from the second point and ending at the fourth point is called the second vector. Then, the third vector is k times the first vector (k is a real number), and the fourth vector is k times the second vector. The point at which the first point is moved by the third vector is the fifth point, and the second point is the fourth vector. The point at the position where the vector is moved is the 6th point. The display area is the 1st area and the area and a second area excluding the first area. The first area has a first point and a second point as its focal points. The first ellipse includes a first ellipse and a second ellipse having foci at the fifth and sixth points. The first region is a second region. It is preferable that the brightness is higher than that of the light emitted from the light source.

[0029] One embodiment of the present invention is a display method in a display area displayed by a light-emitting element. It has a function to detect touch. The display area displays multiple lines of text and a background. The display area has a first area and a second area which is the display area excluding the first area. The first region includes the row that is closest to the point where the user is touching. It is preferable that the luminance of the background of the first region is higher than the luminance of the background of the second region.

[0030] One embodiment of the present invention is a display method in a display area displayed by a light-emitting element. The display area consists of multiple lines of text and a background. In the display area, the point that the user is touching is regarded as the first point. The point you touched before is the second point, the first point is the start point, and the second point is the end point. Let vector be the first vector, and k times the first vector (k is a real number) be the second vector, and The point at the position where the first point is moved by the second vector is the third point. The display area is divided into the first area and the second area. and a second area obtained by excluding the first area from the display area. The first area includes a first point among the plurality of rows. The first region includes a background of the first area and a background of the first area that is closest to the third point. The luminance is preferably higher than the luminance of the background of the second region.

[0031] One embodiment of the present invention is a display method in a display area displayed by a light-emitting element. The display area consists of multiple lines of text and a background. In the display area, one of the two points that the user touches is called the first point, and the other is called the second point. The second point is the second point, and one of the two points that the user touched before touching the other two points is the third point. The other point is the fourth point, and the vector with the first point as the start point and the third point as the end point is the first vector. The vector that starts at the second point and ends at the fourth point is the second vector, and the k Let the third vector be k times (k is a real number), the fourth vector be k times the second vector, and the first point be The point at the position where the third vector is moved is the fifth point, and the point at the position where the second point is moved by the fourth vector is the fifth point. The point at the position is the sixth point. The display area is the first area and the second area excluding the first area. The first region includes a row that is closest to the first point among the plurality of rows, and a region among the plurality of rows. Among the multiple rows, the row closest to the second point, the row closest to the fifth point, and the row closest to the third point The background luminance of the first region is greater than the background luminance of the second region. High is preferable.

[0032] In the above embodiment, the luminance of blue in the second region is greater than the luminance of blue in the first region. It is preferable that it is low. Effect of the Invention

[0033] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a display device with excellent visibility can be provided. This embodiment can provide a control program for improving the visibility of the display device. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a display device with low power consumption can be provided. According to the embodiment of the present invention, a novel display device can be provided. It is possible to provide a semiconductor device.

[0034] The description of these effects does not preclude the existence of other effects. The embodiment does not need to have all of these effects. Effects other than these may be included in the description, This is self-evident from the description in the drawings, claims, etc. It is possible to extract other effects from any of the descriptions. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0035] [Figure 1] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing examples of use of a display device. [Diagram 2] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing examples of use of a display device. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a display device. [Figure 4] 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the display device. [Diagram 5] 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the display device. [Figure 6] 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the display device. [Figure 7] 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the display device. [Figure 8] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating the operation of a display device. [Figure 9] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating the operation of a display device. [Figure 10] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating the operation of a display device. [Figure 11] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing examples of use of a display device. [Figure 12] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing examples of use of a display device. [Figure 13] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing examples of use of a display device. [Figure 14] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing examples of use of a display device. [Figure 15] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating the operation of a display device. [Figure 16] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating the operation of a display device. [Figure 17] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing examples of use of a display device. [Figure 18] FIG. 1A is a diagram showing an example of use of a display device, and FIG. 1B is a diagram for explaining the operation of the display device. [Figure 19] FIG. 2 is an exploded view showing a configuration example of a display device. [Figure 20] FIG. 2 is a top view showing a configuration example of a display panel. [Figure 21] FIG. 1A is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a display panel, FIG. 1B is a circuit diagram showing an example of the configuration of a pixel, and FIG. 1C is a timing chart showing an example of the operation of a pixel. [Figure 22] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a display panel. [Figure 23] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a display panel. [Figure 24] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a display device. [Diagram 25] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a display panel. [Figure 26] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the configuration of a pixel. [Figure 27] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the configuration of a pixel. [Figure 28] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the configuration of a pixel. [Figure 29] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the configuration of a pixel. [Diagram 30] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a display panel. [Diagram 31] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a display panel. [Diagram 32] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a display panel. [Diagram 33] FIG. 1A is a top view showing a configuration example of a display panel, and FIG. 1B is a top view showing a configuration example of a pixel. [Diagram 34] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices. [Diagram 35] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing examples of use of a display device. [Diagram 36] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing examples of use of a display device. [Figure 37] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating the operation of a display device. [Figure 38] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating the operation of a display device. [Figure 39] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating the operation of a display device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0036] Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment may be different from the embodiment. The present invention may be implemented in any form without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the embodiments and details of the present invention. The present invention should not be construed as being limited to the description of the following embodiments.

[0037] Also, in the drawings, sizes, layer thicknesses, or areas are exaggerated for clarity. Therefore, the scale is not necessarily limited to that shown in the drawings. The drawings are merely schematic illustrations and are not limited to the shapes or values ​​shown in the drawings.

[0038] In addition, the present specification can be appropriately combined with the following embodiments. In the case where a plurality of configuration examples are shown in the embodiment, the configuration examples may be appropriately combined with each other. It is possible.

[0039] (Embodiment 1) In this embodiment, a display device which is one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0040] The display device 10 shown in this embodiment has a display area 30. The display area 30 includes a display panel and It also functions as a touch panel (see Figure 1(A)).

[0041] The display device 10 can display an image in the display area 30. The user can perform input by touching the display area 30. Although an example of touching the display area 30 with a finger is shown, the same effect can also be achieved by touching with a stylus instead of a finger. good.

[0042] <<Usage example>> FIG. 1A shows a case where a user is touching the display area 30 with one finger. When you touch the touch point, a circle (area 31) with the touch point at its center will light up (area 3 1 will have higher brightness).

[0043] In the display area 30, the area 31 is the area excluding the area 31 from the display area 30 (area 41 It is preferable that the brightness of the area 31 is higher than that of the area 32. The visibility of the surroundings can be improved. In addition, by selectively increasing the brightness of the area 31, This allows for a reduction in power consumption compared to when the luminance of the entire display area 30 is increased.

[0044] Figure 1(B) shows the state of Figure 1(A) when a finger is touched to the touch panel and slid diagonally downward to the right. The area 31 moves in accordance with the sliding of the finger.

[0045] Figure 1(C) shows the state of Figure 1(A) when a finger is touched to the touch panel and slid diagonally downward to the right. FIG. 1C is different from FIG. 1B in that the region 31 is The area is not only the point where the finger is touching and its surroundings, but also the area opposite to the direction of the finger movement (black arrow in the figure). This point includes the area (the area diagonally to the upper left of the finger).

[0046] Figure 1(D) shows the state of Figure 1(A) in which a finger is touched to the touch panel and then slid diagonally downward to the right. The difference between FIG. 1(D) and FIG. 1(B) is that the region 31 is Not only the point where the finger is touching and its surroundings, but also the direction of the finger's movement (black arrow in the figure) and its surroundings This point also includes the area (the area diagonally to the lower right of the finger).

[0047] FIG. 2A shows a case where a user touches the display area 30 of the display device 10 with two fingers. When touched with two fingers, an elliptical area 32 with the two touched points as its focal points is illuminated. The degree increases.

[0048] In the display area 30, the area 32 is the area excluding the area 32 from the display area 30 (area 42 It is preferable that the brightness of the area 32 is higher than that of the area 31. By increasing the brightness of the area 32, the touch point In addition, the luminance of the area 32 can be selectively increased. Therefore, power consumption can be reduced more than when the luminance of the entire display area 30 is increased.

[0049] Figure 2(B) shows the state of Figure 2(A) in which two fingers are still touching the touch panel, and two fingers are Slide your fingers to the left and spread the distance between your two fingers (widening the focal distance of the ellipse). An example is shown, where area 32 moves and expands with two fingers.

[0050] Figure 2(C) shows the state of Figure 2(A) in which two fingers are still touching the touch panel, and two fingers are Figure 2(C) shows an example of sliding the finger to the right and spreading the distance between the two fingers. The difference from Figure 2(B) is that area 32 is the area opposite to the movement direction of the two fingers (black arrows in the figure). (the area to the left of the two fingers).

[0051] Figure 2(D) shows the state of Figure 2(A) in which two fingers are still touching the touch panel, and two fingers are Figure 2(D) shows an example of sliding the fingers to the left and spreading the distance between the two fingers. The difference from Fig. 2(B) is that the area 32 is the area along the movement direction of the two fingers (black arrows in the figure) and the surrounding area. This point also includes the area (the area to the left of the two fingers).

[0052] The above-mentioned area 32 can be defined by three or more fingers. Examples of such a case are shown in FIG. 35 and FIG. Shown in figure 36.

[0053] FIG. 35(A) shows a case where a user touches the display area 30 of the display device 10 with three fingers. When three fingers touch the screen, the brightness of area 32 including the three touch points becomes the same as that of area 42. The brightness of the

[0054] Figure 35(B) shows the state of Figure 35(A) in which three fingers are still touching the touch panel. An example of a spread of two fingers is shown. Area 32 is enlarged to accommodate three fingers.

[0055] FIG. 36(A) shows a case where a user touches the display area 30 of the display device 10 with four fingers. When touching with four fingers, the brightness of area 32 including the four touch points becomes the same as that of area 42. The brightness of the

[0056] Figure 36(B) shows the state of Figure 36(A) in which four fingers are still touching the touch panel. An example of a four finger spread is shown. Area 32 is enlarged to accommodate four fingers.

[0057] As described above, the display device 10 performs the above-described operations to increase the luminance of the area to which the user wishes to focus. This can improve visibility.

[0058] <<Block diagram>> FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the display device 10. The display device 10 includes a host 11 and A display controller 12, a display panel 13, and a touch panel controller 14. The display panel 13 includes a display driver IC (hereinafter, D The touch panel 15 has a display element 16 and a display element 17. The touch panel 15 is arranged to overlap the display panel 13. That is, the touch panel 15 and the display panel 13 have an overlapping area. do.

[0059] The host 11 has a CPU (Central Processing Unit), memory, etc. The CPU has a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). The memory may store a computer program for controlling the display device 10. .

[0060] The host 11 has a function of generating a video signal to be displayed on the display panel 13. The video signal generated by the display controller 12 is subjected to image processing. The display panel 13 displays the information. The host 11 also receives input from the touch panel 15. and supplies a video signal to the display panel 13.

[0061] The touch panel controller 14 has a function of driving the touch panel 15. The touch panel controller 14 receives a touch signal from the touch panel 15 and 11.

[0062] The display element 17 may be an organic EL element, an inorganic EL element, or an LED (Light Emitting Diode), QLED(Quantum-dot Light Emitting) It is preferable to use a self-luminous light-emitting element such as a semiconductor laser. In the following, an example in which an organic EL element is used as the display element 17 will be described.

[0063] When a touch is made on the touch panel 15, the touch panel controller 14 generates an event The coordinates of the touched position and the index are sent to the host 11. DOWN indicates that the touch has started (the finger is lowered and touches the touch panel), UP indicates that the operation is finished (your finger is lifted up and removed from the touch panel), and The index has an identifier such as MOVE, which indicates that the item has been moved. This indicates the number of fingers touched.

[0064] <<Flowchart>> 4 to 7 are flow charts for explaining the operation of the display device 10. In the description, the luminance of the display device 10 may be expressed as A×L0, where A is 1 or less. L0 is a variable that can take a positive real number, and L0 represents the maximum luminance that the display device 10 can take. For example, L 0 corresponds to displaying 8-bit gradation image data.

[0065] <start> In FIG. 4, START is a state in which the display device 10 has not yet been touched. The luminance of the display area 30 is set to A0×L0 (A0 is a positive real number less than 1). If the display area 30 is made up of three color pixels, R (red), G (green), and B (blue), A0 is Similarly, if the display area 30 is RGBW (white), If it is composed of four color pixels, A0 may be different depending on the light emitted by each pixel. Similarly, if the display area 30 is composed of four pixels of RGBY (yellow), A0 is The light emitted by each pixel may be different.

[0066] When the above-mentioned A0 is made different for each pixel of each color, A0 is set so that the luminance of blue becomes lower. When an organic EL element is used as the display element 17, blue is preferably set to 0.05 to 0.05. Therefore, the blue brightness is set low at START. By doing so, the power consumption of the display device 10 can be reduced.

[0067] In this specification, the luminance of blue in a certain area refers to a part or refers to the brightness of the light emitted from all blue pixels. For example, in the display device shown in FIG. In the position 10, any five points (points A to E) included in the area 41 are selected, and the points The luminance of blue at each of points A to E is measured, and the average of the luminance at the above five points is calculated as area 41. The luminance of blue in the region 31 in FIG. 1(A) can also be measured in the same manner. The number of measurement points is not limited to five, but may be set according to the area of ​​the region. You can also set the brightness of red in a certain area, the brightness of green in a certain area, The same can be said for the luminance of other colors, such as brightness.

[0068] In addition, the luminance in this specification is defined as [cd / m 2 In addition to the luminance expressed as [W / (sr m 2 )] is also included.

[0069] Next, the event is judged in S1. If it is DOWN, go to S10. If it is UP, go to S11. In the case of MOVE, the device will move to S30.

[0070] <down> Figure 5 is a flowchart to explain the operation after S10 (operation after DOWN is detected). First, in step S11, the number of fingers touching the touch panel is determined. If there is a book, proceed to S12; if there are two or more fingers, proceed to S13.

[0071] [If you have one finger] First, consider the operation at S12 in FIG. 5. At S12, A circle with a radius r centered on the point is set as the region 31 (see FIG. 8(A)). The luminance of the area 41 becomes L0 (A=1), and the luminance of the area 42 remains A0×L0. Area 31 emits a bright light.

[0072] In particular, it is preferable that the luminance of blue in the region 41 is lower than the luminance of blue in the region 31. Since the user focuses on the area 31, the area 31 is regarded as the central visual field and the area 41 is regarded as the peripheral visual field. In humans, the peripheral visual field is more sensitive to brightness than the central visual field, and In peripheral vision, people perceive brightness even with a slight blue luminance. Therefore, even if the luminance of the blue color in the area 41 is low, the user can see the entire display area. In addition, the power consumption of the display device 10 can be reduced. .

[0073] The radius r may be set by the user. For example, the area around the touching finger may be brightly If you want a clearer display, it is preferable that r be 5mm or more.

[0074] It is preferable that the luminance changes gradually at the boundary between the region 31 and the region 41. For example, it is preferable that A varies according to a sigmoid function at the boundary. This allows the display device 10 to perform display that places less strain on the user's eyes.

[0075] In FIG. 5, the number of fingers and the coordinates of the touch points input in S12 are stored in a memory or the like in S14. Then, the event is judged again at S1 via S40. It can be done.

[0076] [If you have two or more fingers] Next, consider the operation in S13 in FIG. 5. In the following, we will assume that there are two fingers. However, the same can be said for cases with more than two fingers. .

[0077] In S13 of FIG. 5, an ellipse with the point touched by the user as its focus is set as the area 32. (See FIG. 10A). The luminance of the area 32 is L0 (A=1), and the luminance of the area 42 is L1 (A=2). maintains A0×L0. In other words, the area 32 emits light brightly. The ratio of the length of the main axis to the length of the minor axis is always constant. Also, the ratio can be set by the user. You can do so.

[0078] In particular, it is preferable that the luminance of blue in the region 42 is lower than the luminance of blue in the region 32. If the area 32 is regarded as the central visual field and the area 42 as the peripheral visual field, the blue luminance of the area 42 is Even if the power consumption of the display device 10 is low, the entire display area can be perceived as bright. It is also possible to reduce

[0079] At the boundary between the region 32 and the region 42, it is preferable that the luminance change gradually. For example, it is preferable that A varies according to a sigmoid function at the boundary. This allows the display device 10 to perform display that places less strain on the user's eyes.

[0080] The area 32 is not limited to an ellipse. As shown in FIG. A circle C3 of radius r with one of the two touch points as its center, and a circle C4 of radius r with the other of the two touch points as its center. The area 32 may be set to include the circle C4.

[0081] The above-mentioned area 32 can also be defined by touching with three fingers. An example of this case is shown in FIG. 8(A) and (B). Let C5 be a circle of radius r with one of the three touched points as its center. Let the ellipse whose foci are the remaining two of the three touched points be ellipse E3. is defined to include the circle C5 and the ellipse E3 (FIG. 38(A)).

[0082] Moreover, the circles of radius r having the three touched points as their centers are defined as circles C5, C6, and C7. The region 32 may be defined to include the circle C5, the circle C6, and the circle C7 (FIG. 38( B).

[0083] The above-mentioned area 32 can also be defined by touching with four fingers. An example of this case is shown in FIG. The ellipse with two of the four touched points as its foci is called ellipse E4. Then, the ellipse with the remaining two points of the four touched points as its foci is called ellipse E5. The area 32 is It is defined to include ellipses E4 and E5 (FIG. 39(A)).

[0084] In addition, the four touched points are each a vertex of a circle of radius r, which is represented by circles C8, C9, C10, and C11. The area 32 is defined to include the circles C8, C9, C10, and C11. This may be done (Figure 39(B)).

[0085] In addition, the ellipse with two of the four touched points as its foci is called ellipse E6. The remaining two points are the centers of the circles of radius r, C12 and C13. may be defined to include ellipse E6, circle C12 and circle C13 (FIG. 39(C)).

[0086] In FIG. 5, the number of fingers and the coordinates of the touch points input in S13 are stored in a memory or the like in S14. Then, the event is judged again at S1 via S40. It can be done.

[0087] <up> Figure 6 is a flowchart to explain the operation after S20 (operation after UP is detected). First, set the timer in S21. After a certain time has elapsed, S22 is called. In S23, the luminance A×L0 of the area 31 (FIG. 1) or the area 32 (FIG. 2) is set to A0×L0. It is judged in S24 whether A is equal to A0. If they are equal, the process ends. If they are not equal, the timer is set again in S25. After a certain period of time has elapsed, S22 starts again. Be called.

[0088] By defining UP as above, the area touched by the finger, such as the above-mentioned area 31 and area 32, The brightness of the area and its surroundings gradually darkens as the finger is released, and finally the brightness of the other areas of the display area 30 It will have the same luminance as the area.

[0089] <move> Figure 7 is a flowchart to explain the operation after S30 (operation after MOVE is detected). First, in step S31, the number of fingers touching the touch panel is determined. If there is a book, proceed to S32; if there are two or more fingers, proceed to S33.

[0090] [If you have one finger] First, consider the operation in S32. As shown in FIG. 8(B), Let the point where the user is touching be o, and the point where the user was touching before touching o be p. A vector with p as its end point is R P , as shown in the following formula (1), R P k times the vector R F Then, from point o, vector R F Let f be the point at the position moved by k. is a real constant. Let C1 be a circle with radius r centered at point o, and let C2 be a circle with radius r centered at point f. Define the circle at r as C2.

[0091] R F = k × R P (1)

[0092] Vector R from circle C1 to circle C2 F The area that can be created by moving along the line is defined as area 31 (see Figure 8(C)). Region 31 is defined to include circle C1 and circle C2.

[0093] The region 31 in FIG. 8C corresponds to the region 31 shown in FIG. 1B to FIG. 1D. For example, By setting the constant k in 1) to 0, the region 31 shown in FIG. 1(B) can be realized. For example, By setting the constant k in equation (1) to a positive value, the region 31 shown in FIG. 1(C) can be realized. For example, by setting the constant k in equation (1) to a negative value, the region 31 shown in FIG. 1(D) is realized. can.

[0094] As shown in FIG. 9, the region 31 may be an ellipse having points o and f as its foci. In this case, the region 31 shown in FIGS. 1B to 1D can be realized by changing the value of the constant k in the formula (1). It can be realized.

[0095] In FIG. 7, the number of fingers and the coordinates of the touch points input in S32 are stored in a memory or the like in S34. Then, the event is judged again at S1 via S40. It can be done.

[0096] [If you have two or more fingers] Next, let us consider the operation in S33. In the following, we will consider the case where the number of fingers is two. However, the same explanation can be applied to cases where there are more than two fingers.

[0097] As shown in FIG. 10(B), the two points touched by the user are designated as o and o', and o and o' are the touch points. Let p and p' be the two points that the user touched before touching the screen. Let o be the start point and p be the end point. Vector R P , a vector with o' as the start point and p' as the end point is R P ´, as shown in equation (1) R P The vector multiplied by k is F , as shown in the following formula (2), R P ´ multiplied by k R F ´. Vector R from point o F The point f is located at a position shifted by Vector R F Let f be the point at the position moved by ´. k in equation (2) is k in equation (1) The same value is taken. Also, the ellipse with points o and o' as its foci is E1, and the ellipse with points f and f' as its foci is E2. Define the ellipse on which the points are located as E2.

[0098] R F ´=k×R P ´ (2)

[0099] The ellipse E1 is translated to the ellipse E2 while expanding and / or contracting the focal length. The area is defined as area 32 (see FIG. 10(C)). Area 32 includes ellipse E1 and ellipse E2. It is stipulated that.

[0100] The region 32 in FIG. 10C corresponds to the region 32 shown in FIGS. 2B to 2D. For example, By setting the constant k in equations (1) and (2) to 0, the region 32 shown in FIG. 2(B) is realized. For example, by setting the constant k in equations (1) and (2) to a positive value, For example, the constant k in the formulas (1) and (2) can be set to a negative value. By setting the above, the region 32 shown in FIG. 2(D) can be realized.

[0101] In FIG. 7, the number of fingers and the coordinates of the touch points input in S33 are stored in a memory or the like in S34. Then, the event is judged again at S1 via S40. It can be done.

[0102] The flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 are implemented as computer programs by the host computer shown in FIG. The host 11 also reads and executes the computer program. The flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 are executed when a display is used as hardware. This may be performed by the controller 12.

[0103] <<Other use cases>> Next, other examples of use of the display device 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. .

[0104] Figure 11(B) shows the state of Figure 11(A) when the finger is still touching the touch panel and the screen is moved diagonally downward to the right. The circular area 31 in FIG. 11(A) changes with the sliding of a finger. The area where the circle has moved is set as area 31 as shown in FIG. 11(B). That is, the area traced by the finger and its surroundings are set as area 31 and illuminated brightly. The difference between FIG. 11(B) and FIG. 1(B) and (C) is the first touch point (FIG. 11(A) )) are points that region 31 always contains.

[0105] The operation shown in FIG. 11B is performed by setting k=0 (see equation (1)) in S32 of FIG. 7, and This can be achieved by storing the area traced by the above-mentioned circle as area 31.

[0106] In Fig. 11(C), similar to Fig. 11(B), the finger is tapped on the touch panel from the state shown in Fig. 11(A). This shows an example of the case where the user touches the screen and slides it diagonally downward to the right. The area 31 is in the direction of the finger movement (black arrow in the figure) and its surrounding area (area diagonally to the lower right of the finger) It is an inclusive point.

[0107] The operation shown in FIG. 11(C) is performed by setting k to a negative value in the operation shown in FIG. 11(B). It can be realized.

[0108] Figure 12(B) shows the state of Figure 12(A) when two fingers are touching the touch panel and then sliding. The elliptical area 32 in FIG. 12(A) changes in accordance with the sliding of the finger. The area to which the ellipse has moved is set as area 32 as shown in FIG. That is, the area traced by the two fingers and its surroundings are set as area 32 and illuminated brightly. The difference between FIG. 12(B) and FIG. 2(B) to (D) is that the first two touch points (FIG. 12( A)) is a point that region 32 always contains.

[0109] The operation shown in FIG. 12B is performed by setting k=0 (see equation (2)) in S33 of FIG. 7, and This can be achieved by storing the area traced by the above-mentioned ellipse as area 32.

[0110] As described above, the display device 10 performs the operations described in the present embodiment to display the location to which the user wants to focus. It is possible to increase the brightness of the area and improve visibility. It is also possible to reduce power consumption. Cut.

[0111] (Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, an example in which the display device 10 displays text will be described. In this specification, text refers to character information displayed on a display device.

[0112] 13(A) to (D) show examples in which text is displayed in the display area 30. FIG. The text consists of multiple lines. Figure 13(A) shows a user touching the text with his / her finger. An example is shown in Figure 1. The background of the touched row is illuminated as area 34.

[0113] In the display area 30, the luminance of the background included in the area 34 is It is preferable that the luminance of the excluded area (area 44) is higher than that of the background. For example, if the text is black, When the background is displayed in white, the background brightness of the area 34 is increased to make the background (white ) and text (black) to increase the contrast ratio, improving the visibility of the text. In addition, by selectively increasing the luminance of the background of the region 34, the luminance of the display region 30 can be increased. This allows for less power consumption than when the luminance of the entire background is increased.

[0114] In particular, it is preferable that the luminance of blue in the region 44 is lower than the luminance of blue in the region 34. Since the user focuses on the area 34, the area 34 is regarded as the central visual field and the area 44 is regarded as the peripheral visual field. Even if the luminance of the blue color in area 44 is low, the entire display area is perceived as bright. In addition, the power consumption of the display device 10 can be reduced.

[0115] Figure 13(B) shows the state of Figure 13(A) when the finger is still touching the touch panel and the upper row is 3 shows an example of a case where the user slides the finger 34. The area 34 also moves in accordance with the sliding of the finger.

[0116] Figure 13(C) shows the state of Figure 13(A) when the finger is still touching the touch panel and the lower row is The area 34 shows not only the row that the finger is touching but also the ,It also includes the row (row above the finger) in the opposite direction to the finger movement (black arrow in the figure).

[0117] Figure 13(D) shows the state of Figure 13(A) when the finger is still touching the touch panel and the upper row is The area 34 shows not only the row that the finger is touching but also the ,It also includes the rows in the direction of finger movement (black arrow in the figure) (rows above the finger).

[0118] FIG. 14 shows an example in which the display device 10 is touched with two fingers. As in FIG. Text is displayed in a display area 30.

[0119] FIG. 14(A) shows an example where a user is touching text with two fingers. The background of the line containing the selected text is illuminated as area 35 .

[0120] In the display area 30, the luminance of the background included in the area 35 is It is preferable that the luminance of the background of the excluded area (area 45) is higher than that of the background. For example, if the text is black, When the background is displayed in white, the background brightness of the area 35 is increased to make the background (white ) and text (black) to increase the contrast ratio, improving the visibility of the text. In addition, by selectively increasing the luminance of the background of the region 35, the luminance of the display region 30 can be increased. This allows for less power consumption than when the luminance of the entire background is increased.

[0121] In particular, it is preferable that the blue luminance in the region 35 is high and the blue luminance in the region 45 is low. Since the user focuses on the area 35, the area 35 is regarded as the central visual field and the area 45 is regarded as the peripheral visual field. Even if the luminance of the blue in area 45 is low, the entire display area is perceived as bright. In addition, the power consumption of the display device 10 can be reduced.

[0122] Figure 14(B) shows the state of Figure 14(A) in which two fingers are still touching the touch panel, and the The example shows the case where the area 35 moves in accordance with the finger slide. do.

[0123] Figure 14(C) shows the state of Figure 14(A) in which two fingers are still touching the touch panel, and the The area 35 is touched by two fingers. Not only the row, but also the row opposite to the direction of movement of the two fingers (black arrow in the figure) (the row above the two fingers) ) is also included.

[0124] Figure 14(D) shows the state of Figure 14(A) in which two fingers are still touching the touch panel, and the The area 35 is touched by two fingers. The figure includes not only the lines, but also the lines in the direction of the movement of the two fingers (the lines above the two fingers). I am.

[0125] The configuration of the display device 10 shown in this embodiment can be applied to the block diagram shown in FIG. The operations shown in Figs. 13 and 14 are performed in accordance with the flowcharts shown in Figs. This can be explained as follows.

[0126] 15 and 16 are schematic diagrams for explaining the operation of the above-mentioned display device 10. 15 and 16 show text displayed in display area 30 in solid lines.

[0127] FIG. 15(A) is a schematic diagram for explaining S12 (DOWM, one finger) shown in FIG. The row closest to the point touched by the finger (marked with an x ​​in the figure) is included in the area 34.

[0128] As in the first embodiment, the luminance of the background of the display area 30 is represented as A×L0 (A is a positive number less than or equal to 1). (Variable that can take real numbers, L0 is the maximum luminance that display device 10 can take). Luminance of the background of region 34 is L0 (A=1), and the luminance of the background of the region 44 is A0×L0 (A0 is a positive real number less than 1). ) In other words, the background of the region 34 is brightly lit. At the boundary, it is preferable that the luminance of the background changes gradually. In this case, it is preferable that A varies according to a sigmoid function. The device 10 can provide a display that places less strain on the user's eyes.

[0129] FIG. 16(A) is a schematic diagram for explaining S13 (DOWM, number of fingers is two or more) shown in FIG. The diagram shows the row closest to one of the two points (marked with an x ​​in the diagram) touched by the two fingers, and the row The rows closest to the other of the two touched points are included in region 35.

[0130] The background luminance of area 35 is L0 (A=1), and the background luminance of area 45 is A0×L0 (A (0 is a positive real number less than 1). In other words, the background of the area 35 is brightly lit. At the boundary between region 35 and region 45, the background luminance preferably changes gradually. For example, at the boundary, A preferably varies according to a sigmoid function. In this way, the display device 10 can display images that are less stressful for the user's eyes. do.

[0131] FIG. 15(B) is a schematic diagram for explaining S32 (MOVE, one finger) shown in FIG. As in Figure 8, the point that the user is touching is designated as o, and before touching o, Let p be the point that was touched by. Let R be the vector with o as the start point and p as the end point. P , embodiment mode As shown in equation (1) of 1, vector R P The vector multiplied by k is F Then, from point o, Tor R F Let f be the point at the position shifted by k, where k is a real constant.

[0132] The row closest to point o and the row closest to point f are included. , an area 34 is set (see FIG. 15(C)).

[0133] The region 34 in FIG. 15(C) corresponds to the region 34 shown in FIGS. 13(B) to 13(D). For example, By setting the constant k to 0, the region 34 shown in FIG. 13B can be realized. For example, the constant By setting k to a positive value, the region 34 shown in FIG. 13C can be realized. For example, the constant By setting k to a negative value, the region 34 shown in FIG. 13(D) can be realized.

[0134] FIG. 16(B) is a schematic diagram for explaining S33 (MOVE, two or more fingers) shown in FIG. The two points that the user touches are o and o', and the points used before touching o and o' are Let p and p' be the two points that the user touched. Let R be the vector with o as the start point and p as the end point. P , a vector with o' as the start point and p' as the end point is R P ', as shown in the formula (1) of the first embodiment R P The vector multiplied by k is F , as shown in formula (2) of the first embodiment, R P ´ multiplied by k The vector is F ´. Vector R from point o F The point at the position shifted by f is called point o´ to vector R F Let f' be the point located at a position shifted by ´.

[0135] The line closest to point o, the line closest to point o´, and the line closest to point f The region 35 is set to include the lines at and the lines closest to point f'. (See FIG. 16(C)).

[0136] The region 35 in FIG. 16(C) corresponds to the region 35 shown in FIGS. 14(B) to 14(D). For example, By setting the constant k to 0, the region 35 shown in FIG. 14B can be realized. For example, By setting k to a positive value, the region 35 shown in FIG. 14C can be realized. For example, the constant By setting k to a negative value, the region 35 shown in FIG. 14(D) can be realized.

[0137] Next, another example of use of the display device 10 will be described.

[0138] Figure 17(B) shows the state of Figure 17(A) when the finger is still touching the touch panel and the upper row is As shown in Fig. 17(B), the line traced by the finger is displayed as an area. The difference between FIG. 17(B) and FIG. 13(B) to (D) is that The point is that the area 34 always includes the touched row (FIG. 17(A)).

[0139] The operation shown in FIG. 17B is performed by setting k=0 (see equation (1)) in S32 of FIG. This can be achieved by storing the area traced by the finger as area 34.

[0140] Figure 17(C) shows the state of Figure 17(A) when the finger is still touching the touch panel and the upper row is The difference from FIG. 17(B) is that the area 34 is This includes rows in the direction of the movement (black arrow in the figure) (rows above the finger, rows that the finger has not yet touched). This is the point that

[0141] The operation shown in FIG. 17(C) is performed by setting k to a negative value in the operation shown in FIG. 17(B). It can be realized.

[0142] FIG. 18(A) shows a case where two rows are included in region 34 when a finger touches it. As shown in FIG. 18(B), the line closest to the point touched by the finger (marked with an x ​​in the figure) is selected. Then, the next closest row is included in region 34.

[0143] As described above, the display device 10 according to the present embodiment is capable of changing the brightness of a touched area or the background in the vicinity thereof. This can improve the visibility of text by increasing the brightness. It also reduces power consumption. This can be done.

[0144] (Embodiment 3) In this embodiment, a configuration example of the display device 10 described in the above embodiment will be described.

[0145] The display device 10 shown in FIG. 19 has an FPC ( Touch panel connected to flexible printed circuit (FPC) 803 15, display panel 13 connected to FPC 805, frame 809, printed circuit board 810 , and battery 811.

[0146] The host 11, the display controller 12, and the touch panel controller 13 described in FIG. The controller 14 can be provided on a printed circuit board 810 .

[0147] The upper cover 801 and the lower cover 802 are The shape and dimensions can be changed as needed to suit the needs.

[0148] The touch panel 15 is a resistive or capacitive touch panel connected to the display panel 13. In addition, the opposing substrate (sealing substrate) of the display panel 13 may be provided with a touch panel. It is also possible to provide a panel function. It is also possible to provide an optical sensor on the display panel to make it an optical touch panel. It is also possible to provide a touch sensor electrode in each of the 13 pixels to create a capacitive touch panel. In this case, the touch panel 15 may be omitted.

[0149] The display panel 13 and the touch panel 15 may be formed using a flexible substrate. The flexible substrate may be, for example, a metal, an alloy, a resin, or a glass, or any of these. Examples of the resin that can be used include polyester and polyolefin. Polyimide, polycarbonate, acrylic The display panel 13 and the touch panel 14 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The panel 15 has flexibility, so that the upper cover 801, the lower cover 802 and the frame 15 can be easily moved. The shape of the arm 809 may have a curvature.

[0150] Next, a more specific example of the configuration of the display panel 13 will be described with reference to FIGS. 20 to 23. Make a statement.

[0151] 20(A) and (B) are top views showing configuration examples of the display panel 13. FIG.

[0152] In FIG. 20(A) and (B), a pixel portion 102 and a A sealant 4005 is provided so as to surround the scanning line driving circuit 101, and the second substrate 40 The area is sealed with a sealant 4006. The DDI 16 is provided in the area. Various signals and potentials to be applied to the pixel portion 102 are supplied from an FPC 805 .

[0153] The DDI 16 is formed by a process different from that of the pixel section 102, such as an IC. The IC may be formed using a single crystal semiconductor substrate such as a silicon wafer. The method of connection of 16 is not particularly limited, and may be wire bonding, COG (chi p On Glass), TCP (Tape Carrier Package), CO F (Chip On Film) can be used. FIG. 20(B) shows an example in which DDI16 is set by TCP. This is an example.

[0154] When forming DDI16 with IC, the number of IC is not limited to one, but DDI16 can be formed with multiple ICs. By configuring the DDI 16 with multiple ICs, the resolution of the pixel unit 102 can be increased. It can respond to the following.

[0155] 20(A) and (B), the scanning line driving circuit 101 is formed in the same process as the pixel section 102. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Similarly to the DDI 16, the scanning line driving circuit 101 may be formed of one or more ICs.

[0156] FIG. 21A is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration example of the display panel 13. The pixel unit 10 includes a DDI 16, a scanning line driving circuit 101, and a pixel unit 102. 2 shows a plurality of pixels 103 arranged in a matrix.

[0157] The DDI16 converts the input image signal (digital signal) into an analog signal and outputs it to multiple The DDI 16 has a function of outputting the LVDS signal to the line SL. S: Small amplitude differential signal), shift register, latch circuit, level shifter, D / A (digital / Analog converters, buffers, etc.

[0158] The scanning line driver circuit 101 is a circuit having a function of outputting scanning signals to a plurality of wirings GL. The scanning line driver circuit 101 includes, for example, a shift register, a buffer, and the like. A gate start pulse, a gate clock, etc. are input to the driving circuit 101, and a pulse signal is generated. It has the function of outputting.

[0159] The pixel section 102 is provided with a plurality of wirings GL and a plurality of wirings SL that are substantially perpendicular to each other. A pixel 103 is provided at the intersection of the wiring GL and the wiring SL. In the case of a color display, the arrangement of the pixels 103 in the pixel array corresponds to each of the colors RGB (red, green, blue). The RGB pixel arrangement can be a stripe arrangement, a mosaic arrangement, a digital arrangement, or a In addition, the color is not limited to RGB, and colors such as white or yellow can be added. It is also possible to add a color display.

[0160] 21B is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of the pixel 103. The pixel 103 includes a wiring GL, a wiring SL, the wiring ML, the wiring CTL, and the wiring ANL. 03 includes transistors 120 to 122, a capacitor element 123, and a display element 17. .

[0161] The display element 17 has a pair of terminals (anode and cathode). In this case, an element capable of controlling the luminance by a current or a voltage can be used. In the following description, a case where an organic EL element is used as the display element 17 will be described.

[0162] In FIG. 21B, the transistors 120 to 122 are n-type transistors. Some or all of these may be p-type transistors. The device structure shown in FIG. 122 has a back gate electrically connected to the gate. By adopting this structure, the current driving capability of the transistors 120 to 122 can be improved. Some or all of the transistors 120 to 122 are transistors without a back gate. Sta is also fine.

[0163] The transistor 120 connects the gate (node ​​124) of the transistor 121 and the wiring SL. The transistor 122 is a pass transistor that connects the line ML and the display element 17. Transistor 121 is a drive transistor. The drain of the transistor 121 is a transistor that functions as a current source supplied to the display element 17. The brightness of the display element 17 is adjusted according to the magnitude of the input current. The capacitor holds the voltage between node 125 and node 124.

[0164] When the driving capability of the transistor 121 varies, the display element 17 This causes luminance variation and reduces the display quality. 3 monitors the drain current of the transistor 121 to determine the brightness of the display element 17. It has a function to correct the fluctuations.

[0165] FIG. 21C shows the potential of the wiring GL and the image signal supplied to the wiring SL shown in FIG. The timing chart shown in FIG. 21C is an example of the timing chart. This is an example in which all the transistors included in the element 103 are n-channel type.

[0166] The period P1 is a writing operation period, during which the display element 17 does not emit light. A potential of the wiring S is applied to the transistor 120 and the transistor 122. A potential Vdata is applied to the transistor L as an image signal. 120 to node 124.

[0167] In the period P1, the potential of the line ML is set to the threshold voltage Vthe of the display element 17. It is preferable that the potential of the wiring ANL is higher than the potential of the wiring ML. With the above configuration, the drain current of the transistor 121 is supplied to the array instead of the display element 17. The flow can be prioritized toward line ML.

[0168] The period P2 is a light emitting period, during which the display element 17 emits light. Therefore, the transistor 120 and the transistor 122 are turned off. When the potential Vdata is turned off, the potential Vdata is held at the node 124. A potential Vano is applied to the ANL, and a potential Vcat is applied to the wiring CTL. ano is set to be higher than the potential obtained by adding the threshold voltage Vthe of the display element 17 to the potential Vcat. By providing the above-mentioned potential difference between the wiring ANL and the wiring CTL, The drain current of the transistor 121 is supplied to the display element 17, causing the display element 17 to emit light. do.

[0169] Next, the period P3 is a monitor period for acquiring the drain current of the transistor 121. A high-level potential is applied to the wiring GL, and the transistors 120 and 122 The line SL is connected to the transistor 121 when the gate voltage of the transistor 121 is higher than the threshold voltage Vth. The potential of the wiring ML is set to the potential of the wiring CTL so that the display element 1 The potential of the wiring ANL is set lower than the potential obtained by adding the threshold voltage Vthe of the wiring ML. With the above configuration, the drain current of the transistor 121 is preferably higher than the can be preferentially directed to the wiring ML rather than the display element 17.

[0170] In the period P3, the current I output from the pixel 103 to the line ML MON During the light emission period, the transistor This corresponds to the drain current flowing through the capacitor 121. MON is fed to the monitor circuit. The monitor circuit detects the current I MON Based on the analysis result, a correction signal is generated. Through the above operation, the pixel 103 can correct the luminance deviation.

[0171] FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a portion indicated by a chain line N1-N2 in FIG. 20(A). do.

[0172] The display panel 13 shown in FIG. 22 has an electrode 4015. The electrode 4015 is an FPC 805. The electrode 4 is electrically connected to a terminal of the electrode 4 via an anisotropic conductive layer 4019. 015 is formed in an opening in the insulating layer 4112, the insulating layer 4111, and the insulating layer 4110. The electrode 4015 is electrically connected to the wiring 4014 in the first electrode layer 4030. The conductive layer is formed from the same material as the conductive layer.

[0173] The pixel portion 102 and the scanning line driver circuit 101 provided on the first substrate 4001 are In FIG. 22, a transistor 121 included in the pixel portion 102 and The transistor 4011 included in the scan line driver circuit 101 is illustrated. An insulating layer 4112 is provided over the transistor 121 and the transistor 4011. A partition wall 4510 is formed thereon.

[0174] The transistor 121 and the transistor 4011 are provided over an insulating layer 4102. The transistor 121 and the transistor 4011 are formed on the insulating layer 4102. The insulating layer 4103 is formed on the electrode 517. A semiconductor layer 512 is formed on the semiconductor layer 4103. An electrode 510 and an electrode 511 is formed, and an insulating layer 4110 and an insulating layer 4111 are formed on the electrode 510 and the electrode 511. An electrode 516 is formed on the insulating layer 4110 and the insulating layer 4111. The electrode 10 and the electrode 511 are formed from the same conductive layer as the wiring 4014 .

[0175] In the transistor 121 and the transistor 4011, the electrode 517 serves as a gate electrode. The electrode 510 functions as either a source electrode or a drain electrode. The electrode 511 serves as the other of the source electrode and the drain electrode, and the electrode 516 serves as the other of the source electrode and the drain electrode. It functions as a back gate electrode.

[0176] The transistor 121 and the transistor 4011 have a bottom gate structure and a back gate. By providing a gate, the on-state current can be increased. can be controlled.

[0177] In the transistor 121 and the transistor 4011, the semiconductor layer 512 is a channel type The semiconductor layer 512 has a function as a deposition region. Amorphous silicon, metal oxide, organic semiconductor, etc. may be used. To increase the conductivity of the semiconductor layer 512 or to control the threshold of a transistor, An impurity may be introduced into the semiconductor layer 512 .

[0178] When a metal oxide is used as the semiconductor layer 512, indium (In) and zinc (Zn) It is preferable that the oxide contains at least one of the following: In-M-Zn oxide oxides, In-M oxides, Zn-M oxides, In-Zn oxides (wherein the element M is, for example, aluminum Al, Ga, Y, Sn, B , Silicon (Si), Titanium (Ti), Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), Germanium ( Ge), zirconium (Zr), molybdenum (Mo), lanthanum (La), cerium (C e), neodymium (Nd), vanadium (V), beryllium (Be), hafnium (Hf) , tantalum (Ta) or tungsten (W), etc., are typical.

[0179] When the above metal oxide is used for the semiconductor layer 512, the off-state current of the transistor 121 is Therefore, the retention time of electrical signals such as image signals can be extended. When the power is on, the write interval can be set longer. This reduces the number of inputs, thereby reducing power consumption.

[0180] In FIG. 22, the capacitor 123 is formed by connecting an electrode 511 and an electrode 4021 with an insulating layer 4103 interposed therebetween. The electrode 4021 and the electrode 517 are formed from the same conductive layer.

[0181] In FIG. 22, an organic EL element is used as the display element 17. The display element 17 is a pixel unit 10. The display element 17 is electrically connected to the transistor 121 provided in the second substrate 2. The first electrode layer 4030, the light emitting layer 4511, and the second electrode layer 4031 are laminated together. The present invention is not limited to this configuration. The configuration of 17 can be changed as appropriate.

[0182] The partition 4510 is formed using an organic insulating material or an inorganic insulating material, particularly a photosensitive resin. An opening is formed on the first electrode layer 4030 using a material, and the side of the opening is a continuous curved It is preferable to form the inclined surface so that the inclined surface is formed with a certain rate.

[0183] The light-emitting layer 4511 may be composed of a single layer or a plurality of layers may be laminated. Either way is fine.

[0184] The second electrode layer 40 is formed so as to prevent oxygen, hydrogen, moisture, carbon dioxide, etc. from entering the display element 17. A protective layer may be formed on the insulating layer 31 and the partition wall 4510. The protective layer may be made of silicon nitride, Silicon oxide nitride, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, aluminum oxynitride, nitride Forming aluminum oxide, DLC (Diamond Like Carbon), etc. In addition, the first substrate 4001, the second substrate 4006, and the sealant 4005 The space sealed by the outer casing 4514 is filled with the filler material 4514 and sealed. A protective film (lamination film) that is highly airtight and has low outgassing so that it is not exposed to air. It is preferable to package (enclose) the product in a protective film (such as an ultraviolet-curable resin film) or a cover material. .

[0185] Filler 4514 can be inert gas such as nitrogen or argon, or ultraviolet curing resin or Thermosetting resin can be used, and PVC (polyvinyl chloride), acrylic resin, poly Imide, epoxy resin, silicone resin, PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral) or EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) or the like can be used. Agents may also be included.

[0186] The sealing material 4005 is made of glass materials such as glass frit, or two-liquid mixed resin. Resin materials such as heat-curable resin, photocurable resin, and thermosetting resin can be used. Also, the sealant 4005 may contain a desiccant.

[0187] If necessary, a polarizing plate, a circular polarizing plate (including an elliptical polarizing plate), a retardation plate, etc. may be provided on the light exit surface. Optical films such as plates (λ / 4 plates, λ / 2 plates) and color filters may be provided as appropriate. In addition, the polarizing plate or the circular polarizing plate may be provided with an anti-reflection film. It can be treated with an anti-glare coating to diffuse light and reduce glare.

[0188] The first electrode layer 4030 and the second electrode layer 4031 are made of indium oxide containing tungsten oxide. oxide, indium zinc oxide with tungsten oxide, indium oxide with titanium oxide Indium tin oxide, indium tin oxide containing titanium oxide, indium zinc oxide In addition, a conductive material having light transmitting properties, such as indium tin oxide doped with silicon oxide, is used. This can be done.

[0189] The first electrode layer 4030 and the second electrode layer 4031 are made of tungsten (W) or molybdenum. (Mo), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), vanadium (V), niobium (N b) Tantalum (Ta), Chromium (Cr), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Titanium Metals such as titanium (Ti), platinum (Pt), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), and silver (Ag) or an alloy thereof, or a metal nitride thereof. .

[0190] The first electrode layer 4030 and the second electrode layer 4031 are made of a conductive polymer (conductive polymer). The conductive polymer may be a conductive composition containing a conductive polymer. For example, a so-called π-electron conjugated conductive polymer can be used. or derivatives thereof, polypyrrole or derivatives thereof, polythiophene or derivatives thereof, or a copolymer or derivative thereof consisting of two or more of aniline, pyrrole and thiophene. conductors, etc.

[0191] In order to extract the light from the display element 17 to the outside, at least the first electrode layer 4030 or the second It is sufficient that one of the electrode layers 4031 is transparent. Top emission structure, bottom emission structure, and double-sided emission structure The top emission structure is classified as a dual emission structure. This refers to the case where light is extracted from the surface (top surface) opposite to the substrate on which the element is formed. This refers to a case where light is extracted from the surface (lower surface) of the substrate on which the transistor and the light emitting element are formed. A double-sided emission structure is one in which light is emitted from both the top and bottom. In the case of a bottom emission structure, the second electrode layer 4031 may be made transparent. The first electrode layer 4030 may be made transparent. For example, in the case of a dual-side emission structure, the first electrode layer The second electrode layer 4030 and the second electrode layer 4031 may be transparent.

[0192] FIG. 23A shows a transistor 121 and a transistor 4011 shown in FIG. FIG. 23(A) shows a cross-sectional view of a case where a gate-type transistor is provided. In the photodiodes 121 and 4011, the electrode 517 functions as a gate electrode, and the electrode 510 The electrode 511 functions as either a source electrode or a drain electrode. The other of the drain electrodes is also shown in FIG. For this, please refer to the description in FIG.

[0193] FIG. 23B illustrates a transistor 4011 and a transistor 121 illustrated in FIG. A cross-sectional view of the transistor in the case where an electrode 516 functioning as a back gate is provided is shown. The transistor 121 and the transistor 4011 have a top gate structure and have a back gate. By controlling the threshold voltage of the transistor, the on-state current can be increased. For details of other components in FIG. 23(B), see the description of FIG. 22. Just do that.

[0194] (Embodiment 4) In this embodiment, another embodiment of the display device 10 shown in the above embodiment will be described. .

[0195] <<Block diagram>> FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a display device 10. The display device 10 includes a host 11 and , a display controller 12, a display panel 20, and a touch panel controller 14 The display panel 20 includes a DDI 21 and a reflector 22. The light emitting element 22, the DDI 23, and the light emitting element 24.

[0196] The reflective element 22 is a reflective display element that displays an image by utilizing reflection of external light, for example. Liquid crystal element, shutter type MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical al System) elements, optical interference type MEMS elements, microcapsule type, electrophoresis Devices that use the dynamic method, electrowetting method, electronic liquid powder method, etc. The display panel 20 uses the reflective element 22 to reduce power consumption. In the following description, the reflective element 22 is a reflective liquid crystal element. We will now explain the case where a child is used.

[0197] The light-emitting element 24 may be an organic EL element, an inorganic EL element, an LED, a QLED, or a semiconductor laser. In the following description, the light-emitting element 24 may be used. A case where an organic EL element is used as the display element will be described.

[0198] When the display panel 20 uses only the reflective element 22 for display (reflective mode), the light emitting element 24 When displaying only with the reflector 22 (light emitting mode), displaying is performed using both the reflector 22 and the light emitting element 24. In this case (hybrid mode), there are three display modes:

[0199] The display panel 20 switches the display mode according to the intensity of the light received by the optical sensor 25. For example, when the display device 10 is used outdoors on a sunny day, the display device 10 can be displayed in reflective mode. At that time, the display device 10 stops emitting light from the light emitting element 24, thereby saving power. In addition, when the display device 10 is used at night or in a dark place, the display device 10 is in the light-emitting mode. It is sufficient to display the information.

[0200] Furthermore, the display panel 20 can select a display mode for each display area. For example, The area 31 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 11 is displayed in a light-emitting mode, and the area 41 is displayed in a reflective mode. For example, the area 31 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 11 can be displayed in the hybrid mode. The area 41 can then be displayed in reflective mode.

[0201] For example, the area 32 shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 12 may be displayed in a light-emitting mode, and the area 42 may be displayed in a reflective mode. For example, the area 32 shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 12 can be displayed in the hybrid mode. 3, area 41 can be displayed in a reflective mode and area 42 can be displayed in a reflective mode.

[0202] For example, the area 34 shown in FIG. 13, FIG. 17 or FIG. 18 is displayed in the light-emitting mode, and the area 44 is It can be displayed in a reflective mode. For example, area 3 shown in FIG. 4 can be displayed in hybrid mode and area 44 can be displayed in reflective mode.

[0203] For example, the area 35 shown in FIG. 14 is displayed in the luminous mode, and the area 45 is displayed in the reflective mode. For example, the area 35 shown in FIG. 14 can be displayed in the hybrid mode, and the area 45 can be displayed in the hybrid mode. The reflective mode can be displayed.

[0204] As described above, the display panel 20 changes the display mode for each display area to display a specific In addition, the display device 10 can reduce power consumption. It is possible to do so.

[0205] <<Example of display panel configuration>> Next, the configuration example of the display panel 20 shown in FIG. 24 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 25(A) to 25(C). The explanation will be given below.

[0206] FIG. 25A shows an example of a cross-sectional structure of the display panel 20. The display panel 20 includes a light emitting element 24, a reflective element 22, and a control circuit for controlling the supply of current to the light emitting element 24. a transistor 205 having a function of controlling the supply of voltage to the reflective element 22; The light emitting element 24, the reflective element 22, and the transistor 206 having the transistor The transistor 205 and the transistor 206 are disposed between the substrate 201 and the substrate 202. .

[0207] In the display panel 20, the reflective element 22 includes a pixel electrode 207 and a common electrode 208. The pixel electrode 207 is electrically connected to the transistor 206. The liquid crystal is then changed in response to a voltage applied between the pixel electrode 207 and the common electrode 208. In FIG. 25(A), the pixel electrode 207 reflects visible light. 2 shows an example in which the first electrode 205 has a function of reflecting light therethrough, and the common electrode 208 has a function of transmitting visible light. The light incident from the substrate 202 side is reflected by the pixel electrode 207 as shown by the white arrow. Then, the light is emitted again from the substrate 202 side.

[0208] The light-emitting element 24 is electrically connected to the transistor 205. The light emitted from the pixel electrode 2 is radiated to the substrate 202 side. In the case where the common electrode 207 has a function of reflecting visible light and the common electrode 208 has a function of transmitting visible light, Since the above example illustrates a case where the light emitted from the light emitting element 24 is reflected by the white arrow, The light passes through the area where it does not overlap with the element electrode 207, passes through the area where the common electrode 208 is located, and It is emitted from the plate 202 side.

[0209] In the display panel 20 shown in FIG. 25A, the transistor 205 and the transistor 206 are located on the same layer 210, and the transistors 205 and 206 The layer 210 includes a region between the reflective element 22 and the light emitting element 24. In both cases, the semiconductor layer of the transistor 205 and the semiconductor layer of the transistor 206 are located on the same insulating surface, transistor 205 and transistor 206 They can be said to be included in the same layer 210.

[0210] With the above configuration, the transistors 205 and 206 are manufactured in a common manufacturing process. It is possible.

[0211] Next, FIG. 25B shows another configuration of the display panel 20, with a cross-sectional structure as an example. The display panel 20 shown in FIG. The display panel 20 shown in FIG. 25(A) has a different configuration in that the layers are different from the display panel 20 shown in FIG. become.

[0212] Specifically, in the display panel 20 shown in FIG. 25B, the layer including the transistor 205 210a and a layer 210b including a transistor 206. b is the area between the reflecting element 22 and the light emitting element 24. In the display panel 20, the layer 210a is closer to the light emitting element 24 than the layer 210b. At least a semiconductor layer included in the transistor 205 and a semiconductor layer included in the transistor 206 When the transistors 205 and 206 are located on different insulating surfaces, are contained in different layers.

[0213] With the above configuration, the transistor 205 and various wirings connected to the transistor 205 , the transistor 206 and various wirings connected to the transistor 206 are partially Because it can be stacked, the pixel size can be kept small, realizing high definition of the display panel 20. It is possible.

[0214] Next, FIG. 25C shows another configuration of the display panel 20 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The cross-sectional structure is shown as an example. The display panel 20 shown in FIG. 5 and transistor 206 are included in different layers. The display panel 20 shown in FIG. 25(C) has a different configuration from the display panel 20 shown in FIG. At a point where the layer 210a including the stamina 205 is closer to the substrate 201 side than the light emitting element 24, 25(B) and has a different configuration from the display panel 20 shown in FIG.

[0215] Specifically, in the display panel 20 shown in FIG. 25C, a layer including the transistor 205 210a and a layer 210b in which the transistor 206 is included. The layer 210b includes the area between the light emitting element 24 and the substrate 201. The layer 210b includes the area between the light emitting element 24 and the substrate 201. 2 and the light emitting element 24.

[0216] With the above configuration, the transistor 205 and various wirings connected to the transistor 205 25 (a) and the transistor 206 and various wirings connected to the transistor 206. Since more overlapping is possible than in B), the pixel size can be kept small and the display panel can be This makes it possible to realize high definition of the panel 20.

[0217] In FIG. 25, one light emitting element 24 corresponds to two reflecting elements 22. Although a planar structure is illustrated, the display panel 20 is not limited to this. A single light emitting element 24 may have a corresponding cross-sectional structure, or a single reflecting element The cross-sectional structure may be such that a plurality of light emitting elements 24 correspond to the light emitting element 22 .

[0218] In FIG. 25, the pixel electrode 207 of the reflective element 22 has a function of reflecting visible light. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the pixel electrode 207 may have any function to transmit visible light. In this case, the light source such as the backlight or frontlight is connected to the display panel. The light emitting element 24 may be provided on the reflector 20, or the light emitting element 24 may be used as a light source when displaying an image using the reflector 22. It may also be used as.

[0219] <<Pixel configuration example>> Next, regarding an example of a circuit configuration of a pixel included in the display panel 20 shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, The explanation will be given with reference to FIG. 26 to FIG.

[0220] The pixel 300 shown in FIG. 26A includes a pixel 350 and a pixel 351. 350 has a reflective element 22 and pixel 351 has a light emitting element 24 .

[0221] Specifically, pixel 350 includes a reflective element 22 and a function for controlling a voltage applied to the reflective element 22. The transistor 303 has a function of switching the capacitance of the transistor 303 and a capacitor 304. In the transistor 03, the gate is electrically connected to the wiring GL, and either the source or the drain is connected to the wiring SL. The other of the source and drain is electrically connected to the pixel electrode of the reflective element 22. The common electrode of the reflecting element 22 is a wiring or electrode to which a predetermined potential is supplied. The capacitance element 304 has one electrode electrically connected to the pixel of the reflecting element 22. The other electrode is electrically connected to a wiring or electrode to which a predetermined potential is supplied. are electrically connected.

[0222] Specifically, the pixel 351 includes a light-emitting element 24 and a current control circuit for controlling the light-emitting element 24. A transistor 305 having a function of supplying a potential to a gate of the transistor 305. The transistor 306 has a function of controlling the capacitance element 307. The transistor 306 has a gate electrically connected to the wiring GE, and one of the source and drain is The other of the source and the drain is electrically connected to the wiring DL. The transistor 305 has a source and a drain electrically connected to the wiring A. L, and the other of the source and drain is electrically connected to the light emitting element 24. The capacitor 307 has one electrode electrically connected to the wiring AL and the other electrode The gate of the transistor 305 is electrically connected to the gate of the transistor 305 .

[0223] In the pixel 300 shown in FIG. 26A, an image signal corresponding to the reflective element 22 is supplied to the wiring SL. By supplying an image signal corresponding to the light emitting element 24 to the wiring DL, the light emitting element 22 The gray scale displayed by the light emitting element 24 can be controlled separately. can.

[0224] In FIG. 26A, a pixel 350 having a reflecting element 22 and a pixel having a light-emitting element 24 are shown. Although the configuration example of the pixel 300 having one pixel 351 and one pixel 352 has been shown, the pixel 300 may have a plurality of pixels. 350, or pixel 300 may have multiple pixels 351. .

[0225] In FIG. 26B, the pixel 300 has one pixel 350 and four pixels 351. 3 shows an example of the configuration of a pixel 300.

[0226] Specifically, the pixel 300 shown in FIG. 26B is a pixel 350 having a reflective element 22 and a light-emitting The pixel 351 includes pixels 351 a to 351 d each having an element 24 .

[0227] The configuration of the pixel 350 shown in FIG. 26(B) is the same as that of the pixel 350 shown in FIG. The composition of the system can be referred to.

[0228] 26B are the same as the pixels 351a to 351d shown in FIG. Similar to 351, the light emitting element 24 has a function of controlling the current supplied to the light emitting element 24. A transistor 305 and a function of controlling the supply of a potential to the gate of the transistor 305. The pixel 351a includes a transistor 306 and a capacitor 307. The light emitted from the light-emitting element 24 of each of the pixels 351a to 351b has wavelengths in different regions. By having such a configuration, it becomes possible to display a color image on the display device.

[0229] In addition, in the pixels 351a to 351d shown in FIG. The gate of the transistor 306 and the gate of the transistor 306 in the pixel 351c are The transistor 30 in the pixel 351b is electrically connected to the wiring GEb. The gate of the transistor 306 in the pixel 351d is connected to the wiring GEa. are electrically connected.

[0230] In addition, in the pixels 351a to 351d shown in FIG. One of the source and drain of the transistor 306 and the transistor of the pixel 351b One of the source and drain of 306 is electrically connected to the wiring DLa. One of the source and drain of the transistor 306 in the pixel 351c and the pixel 351d One of the source and the drain of the transistor 306 is electrically connected to the wiring DLb. This is being continued.

[0231] In addition, in the pixels 351a to 351d shown in FIG. One of the source and drain of 05 is electrically connected to the wiring AL.

[0232] As described above, in the pixels 351a to 351d shown in FIG. a and pixel 351c share the wiring GEb, and pixel 351b and pixel 351d share the wiring GEa. However, all of the pixels 351a to 351d may share one wiring GE. In this case, the pixels 351a to 351d are electrically connected to four different wirings DL. It is preferable that the cascade connection be made to the

[0233] Next, FIG. 27(A) shows an example of the configuration of a pixel 300 different from that shown in FIG. In the pixel 300 shown in (A), the transistor 305 in the pixel 351 has a back gate. In this respect, the configuration of the pixel 300 is different from that of the pixel 300 shown in FIG.

[0234] Specifically, in the pixel 300 shown in FIG. 27A, the back gate of the transistor 305 is The pixel 300 shown in FIG. By having the above configuration, the shift in the threshold voltage of the transistor 305 is suppressed. This can improve the reliability of the transistor 305. The pixel 300 shown in FIG. 1 has the above-described configuration, which reduces the size of the transistor 305. This makes it possible to suppress the on-state current of the transistor 305 and increase the on-state current of the transistor 305.

[0235] Note that in the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the pixel 300 is the pixel 3 shown in FIG. 27(A) , or may have a plurality of pixels 351. Specifically, similar to the pixel 300 shown in FIG. Alternatively, the display may have one pixel 350 and four pixels 351. In that case, various wirings and the four The connection relationship with the pixel 351 can be seen in the pixel 300 shown in FIG. .

[0236] Next, FIG. 27(B) shows an example of the configuration of a pixel 300 different from that shown in FIG. 26(A). In the pixel 300 shown in FIG. 3B, the transistor 305 in the pixel 351 has a back gate. In this respect, the configuration is different from that of the pixel 300 shown in FIG. In the pixel 300 shown in FIG. 1, the back gate of the transistor 305 is connected to the light-emitting element 2 instead of the gate. 27(A) in that it is electrically connected to the .

[0237] The pixel 300 shown in FIG. 27B has the above-described structure. This can suppress the shift of the threshold voltage of the transistor 305, thereby improving the reliability of the transistor 305. This can be done.

[0238] Note that in the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the pixel 300 is a pixel 3 shown in FIG. 27(B) , or may have a plurality of pixels 351. Specifically, similar to the pixel 300 shown in FIG. 26B, Alternatively, the display may have one pixel 350 and four pixels 351. In that case, various wirings and the four The connection relationship with the pixel 351 can be seen in the pixel 300 shown in FIG. .

[0239] Next, FIG. 28 shows an example of the configuration of a pixel 300 different from that shown in FIG. 26(A). The pixel 300 includes a pixel 350 and a pixel 351, and the configuration of the pixel 351 is different from that of FIG. different.

[0240] Specifically, a pixel 351 shown in FIG. 28 includes a light emitting element 24 and a current supplied to the light emitting element 24. A transistor 305 having a function of controlling a potential of the gate of the transistor 305 A transistor 306 having a function of controlling the supply of a predetermined voltage to the pixel electrode of the light-emitting element 24. The transistor 308 has a function of supplying a potential, and a capacitor 307. The transistor 305, the transistor 306, and the transistor 308 are each a back-coupled Has a gate.

[0241] The gate (front gate) of the transistor 306 is electrically connected to the wiring ML. The back gate is electrically connected to the wiring GE, and one of the source and the drain is connected to the wiring D L, and the other of the source and drain is electrically connected to the gate and The transistor 305 is electrically connected to one of the source and drain. One of the source and drain is electrically connected to the wiring AL, and the other of the source and drain is electrically connected to the light emitting element 24. Connected.

[0242] The transistor 308 has a gate (front gate) electrically connected to the wiring ML. The gate of the gate electrode is electrically connected to the wiring GE, and one of the source and drain is electrically connected to the wiring ML. The other of the source and drain is electrically connected to the light emitting element 24. The capacitor 307 has one electrode electrically connected to the light emitting element 24 and the other electrode connected to the transistor. The gate of the transistor 305 is electrically connected to the transistor 306 .

[0243] In FIG. 28, a pixel 350 having a reflective element 22 and a pixel 350 having a light-emitting element 24 are shown. 51 and 52, the pixel 300 may have a plurality of pixels 350. , or pixel 300 may include multiple pixels 351.

[0244] FIG. 29 shows a pixel 300 having one pixel 350 and four pixels 351. A configuration example of the element 300 is shown.

[0245] Specifically, the pixel 300 shown in FIG. 29 includes a pixel 350 having a reflective element 22 and a light-emitting element 2 4, and pixels 351a to 351d each having a pixel number 351b.

[0246] The configuration of the pixel 350 shown in FIG. 29 is referred to the configuration of the pixel 350 shown in FIG. It is possible.

[0247] 29 are the same as the pixel 351 shown in FIG. a light emitting element 24 and a transistor having a function of controlling a current supplied to the light emitting element 24 305 and a transistor having a function of controlling the supply of a potential to the gate of the transistor 305. A transistor having a function of supplying a predetermined potential to the pixel electrode of the light-emitting element 24. Each of the pixels 351a to 351b includes a capacitor 308 and a capacitor 307. b each have a light emitting element 24 having a wavelength in a different range. , it becomes possible to display a color image on the display device.

[0248] In addition, in the pixels 351a to 351d shown in FIG. The gate of the transistor 306 in the pixel 351b is connected to the gate of the transistor 306 in the pixel 351b. The gate of the transistor 306 in the pixel 351c is electrically connected to the The gate of the transistor 306 in the pixel 351d is electrically connected to the wiring MLb. Connected.

[0249] In addition, in the pixels 351a to 351d shown in FIG. The back gate of the transistor 306 of the pixel 351c is connected to the back gate of the transistor 306 of the pixel 351c. The transistor of the pixel 351b is electrically connected to the wiring GEb. The back gate of the transistor 306 of the pixel 351d is electrically connected to the wiring GEa.

[0250] In addition, in the pixels 351a to 351d shown in FIG. One of the source and drain of the transistor 306 in the pixel 351b One of the source and drain of the pixel 3 is electrically connected to the wiring DLa. One of the source and drain of the transistor 306 in the pixel 351c and the One of the source and the drain of the transistor 306 is electrically connected to the wiring DLb. is.

[0251] In addition, in the pixels 351a to 351d shown in FIG. The back gate of the transistor 308 of the pixel 351c is connected to the back gate of the transistor 308 of the pixel 351c. The transistor of the pixel 351b is electrically connected to the wiring GEb. The back gate of the transistor 308 of the pixel 351d is electrically connected to the wiring GEa.

[0252] In addition, in the pixels 351a to 351d shown in FIG. The gate and one of the source and drain of the transistor 308 are electrically connected to the wiring MLa. The gate and either the source or the drain of the transistor 308 in the pixel 351b are arranged The transistor 308 of the pixel 351c is electrically connected to the line MLa. The gate and one of the source and the drain are electrically connected to the wiring MLb. The gate and one of the source and drain of the transistor 308 are electrically connected to the wiring MLb. are actively connected.

[0253] In addition, in the pixels 351a to 351d shown in FIG. Either the source or the drain is electrically connected to the wiring AL.

[0254] As described above, in the pixels 351a to 351d shown in FIG. The pixel 351c shares the wiring GEb, and the pixel 351b and the pixel 351d share the wiring GEa. However, all of the pixels 351a to 351d may share one wiring GE. In this case, the pixels 351a to 351d are electrically connected to four different wirings DL. It is desirable to ensure that this is done.

[0255] Note that when a transistor with low off-state current is used for the pixel 350, the display screen can be easily rewritten. When there is no need to display a still image, the driver can be temporarily stopped. (Hereinafter referred to as "idling stop" or "IDS drive"). The power consumption of the display panel 20 can be reduced by the DS driving.

[0256] In order to perform IDS driving, the anisotropy of the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer must be between 2 and 3.8. The resistivity of the crystal layer is 1.0×10 14 (Ω cm) or more 1.0×10 15 (Ω·cm) or less It is preferable to do so.

[0257] If the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer is highly anisotropic, the interaction with the electric field is large, and the behavior of the liquid crystal layer becomes faster. This allows the display panel to operate at high speed. When the liquid crystal layer is filled with impurities, it becomes difficult to purify the liquid crystal. The conductivity of the crystal layer increases, and in the case of IDS drive, the voltage written to the pixel is not maintained. It becomes difficult.

[0258] On the other hand, if the anisotropy of the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer is low, the amount of impurities in the liquid crystal layer can be reduced. Therefore, the electrical conductivity of the liquid crystal layer can be reduced. Because the interaction with the electric field is small and the behavior of the liquid crystal layer is slow, the driving voltage is increased to promote high-speed operation. This means that the power consumption must be set high, making it difficult to reduce the power consumption.

[0259] For these reasons, the anisotropy of the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer is set to 2 to 3.8, and the resistivity of the liquid crystal layer is set to 1.0×10 14 (Ω cm) or more 1.0×10 15 (Ω cm) or less, I DS driving is possible, and the power consumption of the display panel 20 can be reduced.

[0260] <<Cross-section of display panel>> A more specific example of the configuration of the display panel 20 shown in FIG. 5(A) and 25(B) are cross-sectional views of more specific configuration examples of the display panel 20. The structure is shown in Figures 31 and 32, but detailed explanations are omitted. 2, the same components as those in FIG. 30 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0261] The display panel 20 shown in FIG. 30 includes a display unit 372 and a display 30, the display unit 372 and the display unit 371 are stacked. 71 are bonded to each other by an adhesive layer 252.

[0262] In FIG. 30, the pixel of the display portion 372 includes a light-emitting element 24 and a transistor 305. 3, a capacitor 307, and a transistor 309 included in a driver circuit of the display portion 372 are illustrated. In FIG. 30, the reflection element 22 and the transistor A capacitor 303, a capacitor element 304, and a transistor 310 included in a driver circuit of the display portion 371. is illustrated.

[0263] The transistor 305 includes a conductive layer 311 having a function as a back gate and a conductive layer 3 11, and a semiconductor layer 313 overlapping the conductive layer 311 on the insulating layer 312. an insulating layer 316 on the semiconductor layer 313; and a gate electrode located on the insulating layer 316. A conductive layer 317 having the following structure is provided: The semiconductor layer 313 is electrically connected to a conductive layer 314 and a conductive layer 315 .

[0264] In addition, the conductive layer 315 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 319, and the conductive layer 319 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 32. 0. The conductive layer 319 is formed in the same layer as the conductive layer 317. The conductive layer 320 is formed in the same layer as the conductive layer 311 .

[0265] In addition, a transistor 306 (not shown) is formed in the same layer as the conductive layer 311 and the conductive layer 320. A conductive layer 321 having a function as a back gate is located on the conductive layer 321. An insulating layer 312 is located on the insulating layer 312, and a semiconductor layer having an area overlapping with a conductive layer 321 is located on the insulating layer 312. The semiconductor layer 322 is a region for forming a channel of the transistor 306 (not shown). An insulating layer 318 is disposed on the semiconductor layer 322, and a conductive layer is disposed on the insulating layer 318. The conductive layer 323 is electrically connected to the semiconductor layer 322. 323 functions as the source or drain of transistor 306 (not shown). .

[0266] The transistor 309 has a similar configuration to the transistor 305, and therefore a detailed description thereof will not be given. Omitted.

[0267] An insulating layer 324 is disposed on the transistor 305, the conductive layer 323, and the transistor 309. An insulating layer 325 is disposed on the insulating layer 324. A conductive layer 326 and a The conductive layer 327 is located on the conductive layer 326. The conductive layer 326 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 314. The layer 327 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 323. An insulating layer 328 is disposed on the insulating layer 328, and a conductive layer 329 is disposed on the insulating layer 328. The conductive layer 329 is It is electrically connected to the conductive layer 326 and functions as a pixel electrode of the light-emitting element 24. .

[0268] The region where the conductive layer 327, the insulating layer 328, and the conductive layer 329 overlap each other is the capacitance element 307. It works.

[0269] An insulating layer 330 is disposed on the conductive layer 329, and an EL layer 331 is disposed on the insulating layer 330. A conductive layer 332 having a function as a counter electrode is located on the EL layer 331. 29, the EL layer 331, and the conductive layer 332 are electrically connected through the opening of the insulating layer 330. The conductive layer 329, the EL layer 331, and the conductive layer 332 are electrically connected to each other. The light emitting element 24 functions as a light element 24. The light emitting element 24 is in the direction indicated by the dashed arrow from the conductive layer 332 side. It has a top emission structure that emits light toward the center.

[0270] The conductive layer 329 and the conductive layer 332 are arranged such that one functions as an anode and the other functions as a cathode. A voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the light emitting element 24 is applied between the conductive layer 329 and the conductive layer 332. When this occurs, holes are injected into the EL layer 331 from the anode side, and electrons are injected from the cathode side. The electrons and holes recombine in the EL layer 331, and the luminescent material contained in the EL layer 331 emits light. It shines.

[0271] When a metal oxide is used for the semiconductor layers 313 and 322, the reliability of the display can be improved. In order to achieve this, it is preferable to use an insulating material containing oxygen for the insulating layer 318, and the insulating layer 324 is preferably made of an insulating material containing oxygen. It is preferable to use a material that is difficult for impurities such as water or hydrogen to diffuse into.

[0272] When an organic material is used for the insulating layer 325 or the insulating layer 330, If the border layer 330 is exposed at the edge of the display, the insulating layer 325 or the insulating layer 330 can be removed. There is a risk that impurities such as moisture may enter the light emitting elements 24 and the like from the outside of the display through the insulating film. If the light emitting element 24 is deteriorated due to the intrusion of impurities, it will lead to deterioration of the display. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 30, insulating layer 325 and insulating layer 330 are located at the edge of the display. It is preferable not to place

[0273] The light emitting element 24 overlaps the colored layer 334 via the adhesive layer 333. 30, the conductive layer 332 and the light-shielding layer 336 overlap each other through the conductive layer 333. Although the figure shows a case where there is a gap between them, they may be in contact with each other.

[0274] The colored layer 334 is a colored layer that transmits light of a specific wavelength band. For example, red, green, and blue A color filter that transmits light in a color or yellow wavelength band can be used.

[0275] Note that one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the color filter type, and may be a color-coded type or a color conversion type. Alternatively, a quantum dot method or the like may be applied.

[0276] In the display unit 371, the transistor 303 is a conductive film having a function as a back gate. a conductive layer 340; an insulating layer 341 on the conductive layer 340; and a conductive layer 340 on the insulating layer 341. A semiconductor layer 342 overlapping the insulating layer 343, an insulating layer 343 on the semiconductor layer 342, and a A conductive layer 344 having a function as a gate and an insulating layer 345 located on the conductive layer 344 5, a conductive layer 346 electrically connected to the semiconductor layer 342 and a conductive Layer 347.

[0277] In addition, a conductive layer 348 is located in the same layer as the conductive layer 340. A conductive layer 347 is disposed on the insulating layer 341 in a region overlapping the conductive layer 348. The region where the conductive layer 347, the insulating layer 341, and the conductive layer 348 overlap is the capacitance element 304. It works like this.

[0278] The transistor 310 has a similar configuration to the transistor 303, and therefore a detailed description thereof will not be given. Omitted.

[0279] An insulating layer 360 is positioned over the transistor 303, the capacitor 304, and the transistor 310. The insulating layer 360 is disposed on the conductive layer 347, and the conductive layer 349 is disposed on the insulating layer 360. The conductive layer 349 is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 349 and functions as a pixel electrode of the reflective element 22. An alignment film 364 is located on the substrate 362 .

[0280] The substrate 202 is provided with a conductive layer 361 having a function as a common electrode. In FIG. 30, an insulating layer 363 is bonded to a substrate 202 via an adhesive layer 362. A conductive layer 361 is disposed on the insulating layer 363. An alignment film 365 is disposed on the conductive layer 361. is located, and the liquid crystal layer 209 is located between the alignment film 364 and the alignment film 365 .

[0281] In FIG. 30, the conductive layer 349 has a function of reflecting visible light, and the conductive layer 361 has a function of transmitting visible light. By having the function of transmitting light, the light incident from the substrate 202 side is guided as shown by the dashed arrow. The light can be reflected at the conductive layer 349 and emitted from the substrate 202 side.

[0282] Examples of conductive materials that transmit visible light include indium (In), zinc (Zn), It is advisable to use a material containing one selected from tin (Sn). Indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc Lead oxide, indium oxide with tungsten oxide, indium oxide with tungsten oxide Indium zinc oxide, indium oxide with titanium oxide, indium tin oxide with titanium oxide materials, indium tin oxide with silicon oxide (ITSO), zinc oxide, and oxide with gallium ZnO, etc. A film containing graphene may also be used. Graphene The film containing the above can be formed, for example, by reducing a film containing graphene oxide formed in a film shape. can.

[0283] Examples of conductive materials that reflect visible light include aluminum, silver, and their alloys. Other examples include alloys containing metals such as gold, platinum, nickel, tungsten, and chromium. Metallic materials such as aluminum, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, or palladium, or In addition, the above-mentioned metal material or alloy may contain lanthanum, Neodymium or germanium may be added. Aluminum and titanium alloy , aluminum and nickel alloy, aluminum and neodymium alloy, aluminum, nickel Aluminum-containing alloys such as lanthanum alloys (Al-Ni-La) alloys), silver and copper alloys, silver, palladium and copper alloys (also known as Ag-Pd-Cu, APC) Alternatively, an alloy containing silver, such as an alloy of silver and magnesium, may be used.

[0284] It is preferable to provide a light diffusion plate on the display surface side of the substrate 202. As a result, it is possible to reduce reflections on the conductive layer 349, and the viewing angle of the display panel 20 is improved. Instead of providing a light diffusion plate on the display surface side of the substrate 202, In addition, by making the surface of the conductive layer 349 uneven, the visibility of the display panel 20 can be improved. can.

[0285] In addition, in FIG. 30, a display using a top-gate type transistor having a back gate is used. Although the configuration of the device has been described, the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention does not have a back gate. A thin transistor or a bottom gate transistor may be used. stomach.

[0286] The semiconductor layers 342, 313, and 322 function as channel formation regions of transistors. The semiconductor layer may be made of crystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, metal oxide, or the like. In addition, if necessary, the conductivity of the semiconductor layer can be adjusted by In order to increase the conductivity or to control the threshold voltage of the transistor, impurities are added to the semiconductor layer. It may be introduced.

[0287] When a metal oxide is used for the semiconductor layers 342, 313, and 322, indium (In) and It is preferable that the oxide contains at least one of the following: In-M-Zn oxide, In-M oxide, Zn-M oxide, In-Zn oxide (element M is For example, aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), yttrium (Y), tin (Sn ), Boron (B), Silicon (Si), Titanium (Ti), Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni) , germanium (Ge), zirconium (Zr), molybdenum (Mo), lanthanum (La ), Cerium (Ce), Neodymium (Nd), Vanadium (V), Beryllium (Be), Typical examples include fluorine (Hf), tantalum (Ta) or tungsten (W).

[0288] The off-state current of the transistor using the above metal oxide can be reduced. The retention time of electrical signals such as image signals can be extended, and the writing interval can be shortened when the power is on. This allows the frequency of refresh operations to be reduced, reducing power consumption. This has the effect of reducing power consumption.

[0289] <<Display panel appearance>> Next, Fig. 33(A) shows an example of the appearance of the display panel 20. The panel 20 includes a pixel section 601 on a substrate 201 and a scanning pixel 350 having a reflective element 22. A scanning line driver circuit 602 for a pixel 351 having a light emitting element 24 and a scanning line driver circuit 603 for the pixel 351. Moreover, the DDI 21 is electrically connected to the pixel section 601 via a wiring 606. Moreover, the DDI 23 is electrically connected to the pixel section 601 via a wiring 607 .

[0290] In addition, FPC608 is electrically connected to DDI21, and FPC609 is electrically connected to DDI2 The FPC 610 is electrically connected to the scanning line driver circuit 602 via wiring 611. The FPC 610 is electrically connected to the scanning line driving circuit 612 via wiring 612. It is electrically connected to 03.

[0291] Next, the layout of the display area of ​​the reflective element 22 in the pixel 300 of the pixel unit 601 is The layout of the display area of ​​the light emitting element 24 and the outline thereof are shown in FIG.

[0292] Specifically, in FIG. 33B, pixel 300 corresponds to a display area 614 of the reflective element and a color corresponding to yellow. a display area 615 of the light-emitting element 24 corresponding to the green light, and a display area 616 of the light-emitting element 24 corresponding to the green light. , a display area 617 of the light emitting element 24 corresponding to red, and a display area 618 of the light emitting element 24 corresponding to blue Region 618.

[0293] In addition, light-emitting elements corresponding to green, blue, red, and yellow are used to produce black with good color reproducibility. When displaying, the amount of current that flows per area of ​​the light-emitting element is the largest for the light-emitting element that corresponds to yellow. In FIG. 33B, the display area 616 of the light-emitting element corresponding to green is A display area 617 of a light-emitting element corresponding to red, and a display area 6 18 have approximately the same area, and the display area 6 of the light-emitting element corresponding to yellow is Since the area of ​​15 is somewhat small, it is possible to display black with good color reproduction.

[0294] (Embodiment 5) FIG. 34 shows a specific example of an electronic device including the display device 10 shown in the above embodiment.

[0295] FIG. 34A shows a wristwatch-type mobile terminal, which includes a housing 5201, a display 5202, and a base 5203. The display 5202 includes a light sensor 5203, a light sensor 5204, and a switch 5205. The display 5202 has a touch sensor, and the user can operate the mobile terminal by touching the display 5202. The display device 10 described in the above embodiment can be used as the display 5202. By doing so, it is possible to improve the visibility of the area touched by the user's finger. It also reduces the power consumption of the device.

[0296] FIG. 34B shows a tablet-type personal computer. 302, display 5303, light sensor 5304, light sensor 5305, switch 530 The display 5303 is supported by a housing 5301 and a housing 5302. The display 5303 is formed using a flexible substrate. Therefore, the shape can be flexibly bent. The angle between the housing 5301 and the housing 5302 is changed at the hinges 5307 and 5308. The display 5303 can be folded so that the body 5302 overlaps. However, an open / close sensor is built in and the change in the angle is used in the display 5303. The display 5303 has a touch sensor, and can be used as information on the usage conditions. You can operate a personal computer by touching the display 5303. By using the display device 10 described in the above embodiment as the display 5303, This can improve the visibility of the area touched by the user's finger. This also reduces the power consumption of the computer.

[0297] FIG. 34C shows a video camera, which includes a housing 5801, a housing 5802, and a display 58 03, operation keys 5804, a lens 5805, a connection part 5806, etc. 4 and a lens 5805 are provided in a housing 5801, and a display 5803 is provided in a housing 5 The housing 5801 and the housing 5802 are connected to a connection portion 5806. The angle between the housing 5801 and the housing 5802 is adjusted by the connection portion 5806. The image on the display 5803 is displayed on the housing at the connection part 5806. The display may be switched according to the angle between the display 5801 and the housing 5802. The display 5803 has a touch sensor, and the user can display the image by touching the display 5803. The display 5803 can be used to operate the video camera. By using the device 10, it is possible to improve the visibility of the area touched by the user's finger. It also reduces the power consumption of the video camera.

[0298] FIG. 34D shows a wristwatch-type mobile terminal. It has a curved housing 5701 and a display. By using a flexible substrate for the display 5702, A display 5702 can be supported by a housing 5701 having a flexible It is possible to provide a wristwatch-type portable terminal that is lightweight and easy to use. 5702 has a touch sensor, and the user can operate the mobile terminal by touching the display 5702. The display device 10 shown in the above embodiment is used for the display 5702. By doing so, it is possible to improve the visibility of the area touched by the user's finger. It also reduces the power consumption of mobile devices.

[0299] FIG. 34E shows a mobile phone. The mobile phone has a curved housing 5901 and a display 5902. , microphone 5907, speaker 5904, camera 5903, external connection unit 5906, The display 5902 is provided with a button 5905. The display 5902 has a touch sensor, and a user The user can operate the mobile phone by touching the display 5902. By using the display device 10 shown in the above embodiment for the ray 5902, the user can touch This can improve the visibility of the area that is being viewed. It can also reduce the power consumption of the mobile phone. can.

[0300] In this specification, the term "metal oxide" refers to a metal in a broad sense. Metal oxides are oxide insulators and oxide conductors (including transparent oxide conductors). ), oxide semiconductor (also called oxide semiconductor or simply OS) For example, when a metal oxide is used in the semiconductor layer of a transistor, the Metal oxides are sometimes called oxide semiconductors. When the metal oxide has at least one of the functions of a metal oxide film and a switching function, the metal oxide film is Metal oxide semiconductor, abbreviated as OS In addition, when describing OS FET, it is possible to use a metal oxide or an oxide In other words, it can be called a transistor having a semiconductor.

[0301] In the present specification and the like, metal oxides having nitrogen are also referred to as metal oxides. Metal oxides containing nitrogen are also called metal oxynitrides (MEs). It may also be called tal oxynitride.

[0302] In the present specification, CAAC (c-axis aligned crystal l), and CAC (cloud aligned composite) CAAC represents an example of a crystal structure, and CAC represents a function or a material configuration. Shows an example.

[0303] In the present specification and the like, CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide means A part of the material has a conductive function and a part of the material has an insulating function, and the whole material has It functions as a semiconductor. When de is used in the semiconductor layer of a transistor, the conductive function is to transport the electrons ( The function of insulation is to allow the flow of electrons (carriers) and not allow the flow of electrons (electrons). By making the conductive function and the insulating function work in a complementary manner, The function to switch the settings (On / Off function) on CAC-OS or CAC-meta It can be added to CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide. In the IDE, by separating the functions of each, we maximize the functionality of both. can be done.

[0304] In the present specification and the like, CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide is The conductive region has the above-mentioned conductive function and the insulating function. The conductive region has the insulating function described above. The regions may be separated at the nanoparticle level. The conductive regions may be unevenly distributed in the material. They may be observed connected in a dot-like pattern.

[0305] In addition, in the CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide, a conductive region and The insulating regions are each 0.5 nm to 10 nm, preferably 0.5 nm to 3 nm. They may be dispersed in the material at sizes of less than one millimeter.

[0306] In addition, CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide has different band gaps For example, CAC-OS or CAC-metal ox The ide consists of a wide gap component due to the insulating region and a conductive region. In this configuration, when the carrier flows, In addition, carriers mainly flow in the narrow gap component. The component with a gap acts complementary to the component with a wide gap to produce a narrow gap. Carriers also flow to the wide gap component in conjunction with the component with a large gap. CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide is used for the channel region of a transistor. When the transistor is in the on-state, the current drive capability is high, i.e., the on-current is large, and Therefore, a high field effect mobility can be obtained.

[0307] That is, CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide is a matrix composite. matrix composite, or metal matrix composite It can also be called a composite matrix.

[0308] In this specification, unless otherwise specified, the on-current is the current when a transistor is in the on-state. The on-state (sometimes abbreviated as on) refers to the drain current when the In this case, the voltage between the gate and source (V G ) is the threshold voltage (V th ) above, for p-channel transistors, V G V th The following state For example, the on-current of an n-channel transistor is V G V th In the above case, The on-current of a transistor is determined by the voltage between the drain and source (V D ) may be dependent on

[0309] In this specification, unless otherwise specified, the off-state current refers to the current flowing when a transistor is in an off state. The drain current when the device is in the off state (sometimes abbreviated as "off") is In this case, for an n-channel transistor, V G V th lower than that of p-channel transistors. In Jista, V G V th For example, an n-channel transistor The off-state current of V G V th The drain current of a transistor is lower than the The current is V G Therefore, the off-state current of the transistor may depend on -21 A The off-state current of the transistor is less than 10 -21 V less than A G If a value of exists, It is sometimes said that...

[0310] The off-state current of the transistor is V D In this specification, off Currents are V unless otherwise stated. D The absolute value of is 0.1V, 0.8V, 1V, 1.2V, 1 .8V, 2.5V, 3V, 3.3V, 10V, 12V, 16V, or 20V Alternatively, it may represent a current flowing through a semiconductor device that includes the transistor. Used V D In some cases, it represents the off-state current at

[0311] In the present specification and the like, when describing the connection relationship of a transistor, is expressed as "one of the source and drain" (or the first electrode, or the first terminal), and the source The other of the source and drain is called the "other of the source or drain" (or the second electrode, or the second terminal). This is because the source and drain of a transistor are This is because it changes depending on the operating conditions. In this case, the term source (drain) terminal, source (drain) electrode, etc. should be used appropriately depending on the situation. It can be replaced.

[0312] In the present specification, when it is explicitly stated that X and Y are connected, X In the present invention, the case where X and Y are electrically connected and the case where X and Y are directly connected are It is assumed that such disclosure is made in the detailed instructions, etc.

[0313] Here, X and Y are objects (e.g., devices, elements, circuits, wiring, electrodes, terminals, conductive films, layers, etc.). , etc.).

[0314] An example of a direct connection between X and Y is a circuit that allows electrical connection between X and Y. The elements to be considered (e.g., switches, transistors, capacitance elements, inductors, resistance elements, When X and Y are connected without any intermediate devices (electrodes, display elements, light-emitting elements, loads, etc.) It is.

[0315] An example of a case where X and Y are electrically connected is The elements to be considered (e.g., switches, transistors, capacitance elements, inductors, resistance elements, One or more elements (such as an electrode, a display element, a light-emitting element, or a load) can be connected between X and Y. It is possible. The switch can be in a conductive state (ON state) or a non-conductive state (OFF state). ) and has the function of controlling whether or not current flows. It has the function of selecting and switching the path through which current flows. X and Y are electrically connected. When X and Y are connected to each other, this includes the case where X and Y are directly connected to each other. [Explanation of symbols]

[0316] 10 display device, 11 host, 12 display controller, 13 display Panel, 14 Touch panel controller, 15 Touch panel, 16 DDI, 17 display element, 20 display panel, 21 DDI, 22 reflective element, 23 DDI, 24 Light emitting element, 25 Light sensor, 30 Display area, 31 Area, 32 area, 34 area, 35 area, 41 area, 42 area, 44 area, 45 area, 101 scanning line driving circuit, 102 pixel section, 103 pixel, 120 transistors, 121 transistors, 122 transistors, 123 capacitance element, 124 node, 125 node, 201 substrate, 202 substrate, 205 Transistor, 206 transistor, 207 pixel electrode, 208 common electrode , 209 liquid crystal layer, 210 layer, 210a layer, 210b layer, 252 adhesive layer, 300 pixel, 303 transistor, 304 capacitance element, 305 transistor resistor, 306 transistor, 307 capacitance element, 308 transistor, 30 9 transistor, 310 transistor, 311 conductive layer, 312 insulating layer, 313 Semiconductor layer, 314 Conductive layer, 315 Conductive layer, 316 Insulating layer, 317 Conductive layer, 318 insulating layer, 319 conductive layer, 320 conductive layer, 321 conductive layer, 322 semiconductor layer, 323 conductive layer, 324 insulating layer, 325 insulating layer, 3 26 Conductive layer, 327 Conductive layer, 328 Insulating layer, 329 Conductive layer, 330 Insulating layer, 331 EL layer, 332 conductive layer, 333 adhesive layer, 334 coloring layer, 335 spacer, 336 light shielding layer, 340 conductive layer, 341 insulating layer, 342 Semiconductor layer, 343 Insulating layer, 344 Conductive layer, 345 Insulating layer, 346 Conductive conductive layer, 347 conductive layer, 348 conductive layer, 349 conductive layer, 350 pixel, 35 1 pixel, 351a pixel, 351b pixel, 351c pixel, 351d pixel element, 360 insulating layer, 361 conductive layer, 362 adhesive layer, 363 insulating layer, 36 4 Orientation film, 365 Orientation film, 371 Display unit, 372 Display unit, 510 Electric electrode, 511 electrode, 512 semiconductor layer, 516 electrode, 517 electrode, 601 Pixel portion, 602 scanning line driver circuit, 603 scanning line driver circuit, 606 wiring, 6 07 Wiring, 608 FPC, 609 FPC, 610 FPC, 611 Wiring line, 612 wiring, 614 display area, 615 display area, 616 display area, 617 display area, 618 display area, 801 upper cover, 802 lower cover , 805 FPC, 809 Frame, 810 Printed circuit board, 811 Back Terry, 4001 Substrate, 4005 Sealing material, 4006 Substrate, 4011 T Transistor, 4014 Wiring, 4015 Electrode, 4019 Anisotropic conductive layer, 402 1 electrode, 4030 electrode layer, 4031 electrode layer, 4102 insulating layer, 4103 Insulating layer, 4110 Insulating layer, 4111 Insulating layer, 4112 Insulating layer, 4510 Partition wall, 4511 Light-emitting layer, 4514 Filler, 5201 Housing, 5202 Display, 5203 Belt, 5204 Light sensor, 5205 Switch, 5 301 housing, 5302 housing, 5303 display, 5304 optical sensor , 5305 Optical sensor, 5306 Switch, 5307 Hinges, 5701 Housing Body, 5702 Display, 5801 Housing, 5802 Housing, 5803 Display Display, 5804 Operation key, 5805 Lens, 5806 Connection part, 590 1 Housing, 5902 Display, 5903 Camera, 5904 Speaker, 5905 Button, 5906 External connection, 5907 Microphone< / move> < / up> < / down> < / start>

Claims

[Claim 1] In a display area displayed by light-emitting elements, the display area has a function of detecting a touch; the display area displays a plurality of lines of text and a background; one of two points touched by the user in the display area is designated as a first point and the other as a second point; Of the two points that the user touched before touching the two points, one is designated as a third point and the other is designated as a fourth point; A vector having the first point as a starting point and the third point as an end point is defined as a first vector; A vector having the second point as a starting point and the fourth point as an end point is defined as a second vector; A third vector is a vector that is k times the first vector (k is a real number), A fourth vector is k times the second vector, A point located at a position obtained by moving the first point by the third vector is defined as a fifth point; A point located at a position obtained by moving the second point by the fourth vector is defined as a sixth point; the display area includes a first area and a second area obtained by excluding the first area from the display area, the first region includes a row of the plurality of rows that is closest to the first point, a row of the plurality of rows that is closest to the second point, a row of the plurality of rows that is closest to the fifth point, and a row of the plurality of rows that is closest to the sixth point, A display method, comprising: a luminance of a background of the first region being higher than a luminance of a background of the second region.

Images