Power management device and power management method

Abstract

To appropriately adjust demand-and-supply balance of power by considering hierarchies to which a power generation facility and a user facility belong when selecting a user to request update of a demand plan.SOLUTION: A power management device 220 comprises: a request target selection section 224 by which, by referring to an instruction of a power generation output upper limit value U to a power generation facility 210 connected to a power system 400 including a plurality of hierarchies 430, 450 and 470, from among user facilities 300 connected to the hierarchies 430, 450 and 470 to which the power generation facility 210 is connected and lower-order user facilities 300 connected to the hierarchies 430, 450 and 470, an update request target user facility subjected to request update of a demand plan is selected; and a communication section 221 which transmits the update request of the demand plan to a load control device 320 included in the update request target user facility.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a power management apparatus and a power management method. [Background technology]

[0002] As background art in this technical field, the following Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe techniques for controlling generated power in response to the balance between power supply and demand. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2019-097252 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2019-009873 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Generally, a power system has multiple hierarchical levels with different nominal voltages. However, the above-mentioned Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not particularly mention that when selecting a consumer who requests an update of a demand plan, the level to which the power generation facility and the consumer facility belong is taken into consideration. This invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to provide a power management device and a power management method that can appropriately adjust the balance between supply and demand of electricity by taking into account the hierarchical level to which the power generation equipment and consumer equipment belong when selecting consumers who will request an update to their demand plans. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the power management device of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a request target selection unit that refers to an instruction of an upper limit value of power generation output for power generation equipment connected to a power system having multiple hierarchies, and selects an update request target consumer equipment for which a demand plan update is requested from among customer equipment connected to the hierarchical level to which the power generation equipment is connected and customer equipment connected to a hierarchical level below that, and a communication unit that transmits a request to update the demand plan to a load control device included in the update request target consumer equipment. Effect of the Invention

[0006] According to the present invention, when selecting a consumer for which an update of a demand plan is to be made, the hierarchical level to which the power generation facility and consumer facility belong is taken into consideration, thereby making it possible to appropriately adjust the balance between power supply and demand. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a power system. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power system according to a first embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is an operation sequence diagram of the first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a state of a power system. [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another example of the state of the power system. [Figure 6] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing yet another example of the state of the power system. [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing yet another example of the state of the power system. [Figure 8] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing yet another example of the state of the power system. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing yet another example of the state of the power system. [Figure 10] 13 is a flowchart of a routine for determining whether or not to increase the amount of power generation. [Figure 11] 4 is a flowchart of a power generation increase calculation routine. [Figure 12]FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between various values ​​in a power generation increase calculation routine. [Figure 13] FIG. 11 is a sequence diagram of tamper detection in the second embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a computer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0008] [Overview of the embodiment] (Output suppression due to supply-demand balance constraints) In order to maintain the power grid, it is common to match the amount of electricity demand and supply, i.e. to ensure a supply-demand balance. Therefore, during times when an excess supply of electricity is expected, power sources are controlled according to priority power supply rules. In other words, when an excess supply of electricity is expected, first the output of thermal power plants is reduced and pumped-storage power plants operate pumping, then interconnection is made, and finally the output of renewable energy is reduced. In recent years, as the introduction of renewable energy has progressed, the number of occasions where it is necessary to reduce the output of renewable energy is also increasing.

[0009] (Necessity to reduce the frequency of renewable energy curtailment) Under the above circumstances, it would be preferable to reduce the output suppression of renewable energy in order to make effective use of renewable energy. For this reason, efforts are known to encourage consumers to increase their electricity demand during times when an excess supply of electricity from renewable energy is expected. One example is the electricity demand optimization evaluation unit based on the "Act on the Rational Use of Energy and Conversion to Non-Fossil Energy" (the so-called Revised Energy Conservation Act). That is, when calculating the electricity demand optimization evaluation unit, the electricity demand optimization coefficient during normal times is about 9.40 [MJ / kWh], but the electricity demand optimization coefficient during times when the output of renewable energy is suppressed throughout the entire area (the supply area of ​​a general electricity transmission and distribution company) is set to about 3.60 [MJ / kWh].

[0010] For example, in the case of a factory, it is possible to reduce the electricity demand optimization evaluation unit by operating the factory during the time when the output of renewable energy is suppressed. In addition, when an imbalance in power supply and demand is predicted, an initiative called demand response can be considered, which gives incentives to power consumers and requests them to increase or decrease the amount of power consumption. For example, a form in which a transmission and distribution company requests a demand response from a consumer, or a company called an aggregator bundles the demand responses of multiple consumers and provides them to a transmission and distribution company.

[0011] (Output suppression due to transmission capacity constraints) Constraints on power systems include not only supply and demand balance constraints, but also transmission capacity constraints. Transmission capacity constraints are constraints that keep the flow within the operating capacity of the transmission and transformation equipment. A situation in which the transmission capacity constraint is not satisfied is called transmission congestion. In recent years, non-firm type connections have been introduced. Non-firm type connections are when a new power generation facility is connected to a power system with no available capacity, and the power generation facility is connected without increasing the transmission and transformation facilities under the condition that the power generation facility's output is suppressed during transmission congestion. When transmission congestion occurs, the power system operator instructs the power generation facility to set a power generation output upper limit, and the power generation facility operator suppresses the power generation facility's output to comply with the instructed power generation output upper limit. In Japan, non-firm type connections to the trunk system have been accepted since January 2021, and non-firm type connections to local systems have been accepted since April 2023.

[0012] (Problems with output suppression due to transmission capacity constraints) The method for reducing output suppression caused by supply-demand balance constraints is not necessarily applicable to the application of reducing output suppression caused by transmission capacity constraints. An example will be described with reference to Figure 1. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a power system 400. In FIG. 1, the power system 400 includes a power transmission line PL1 with a nominal voltage of 275 kV, indicated by a thick solid line, and a power transmission line PL2 with a nominal voltage of 187 kV, indicated by a thin solid line. A power plant 200-1 is connected to the power system 400, and a plurality of other power plants 200 (not shown) are also connected to the power system 400. Here, the power plant 200-1 is a power plant that uses renewable energy. The consumer facilities 300-1 and 300-2 are connected to the power system 400 via a power distribution network (not shown) and a service line (not shown). In addition, it is assumed that a power transmission congestion occurs in the power system 400 at a power transmission congestion point 490 in the figure. Furthermore, it is assumed that in order to alleviate the power transmission congestion, the power plant 200-1 is instructed to suppress output due to a power transmission capacity constraint, that is, a power generation output upper limit value U (not shown).

[0013] In this case, even if the customer facility 300-1 increases its power consumption, the power transmission congestion at the power transmission congestion location 490 is not alleviated. In other words, even if the power plant 200-1 requests the customer facility 300-1 to increase its power consumption, the power transmission congestion is not alleviated, so the power generation output upper limit value U at the power plant 200-1 remains unchanged and the power plant 200-1 cannot reduce the output suppression.

[0014] Conversely, if the power plant 200-1 generates power in excess of the power output upper limit value U instructed by the power grid 400 because it has requested the consumer facility 300-1 to increase the amount of power consumption, there is a concern that the power transmission congestion will worsen. Thus, when an instruction to suppress output due to a power transmission capacity constraint is given, unlike when an instruction to suppress output due to a supply-demand balance constraint is given, it is necessary to take into consideration the location of the power transmission congestion point 490 where the power transmission congestion is occurring.

[0015] (Application examples of Patent Documents 1 and 2) It is believed that by applying the technology of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, it is possible to realize a grid operator's computer or a power generation company's computer that can accurately identify the amount of power that can be supplied in a power system. In other words, it is believed that it is possible to accurately identify the maximum amount of power that can be supplied by calculating the maximum amount of power that can be supplied (for example, the amount of power generation that can provide the maximum profit among the amounts of power generation that will result in more profit than losses due to maintenance costs) based on the profit and loss when the amount of power generation is increased.

[0016] Moreover, by applying the technology of Patent Document 2, it is believed that a power control instruction generating device that can effectively utilize surplus power of power generation facilities can be realized. That is, when a suppression instruction is issued to a power generation facility, a control instruction is generated that distributes the suppression instruction value to the increase in power demand and the reduction in power generation. It is believed that the generated control instruction can then be used to optimally control the combination of the power demand of the consumer and the amount of suppression of power generation from photovoltaic power generation.

[0017] By applying the technology of Patent Document 1, it is considered that the power generation company's computer, rather than the power transmission and distribution company or aggregator, can transmit the amount of energy shortage with respect to the requested amount of energy and the incentive for the amount of energy shortage to the request source. This technology can mainly deal with cases where there is a shortage of the requested amount of energy. However, Patent Document 1 does not specifically mention cases where the output suppression of renewable energy is reduced when there is a power surplus.

[0018] In addition, it is considered that the technology of Patent Document 2 can be applied to the power system management device to take into account the equipment capacity of the power transmission and distribution equipment. However, Patent Document 2 does not particularly describe the point that the reduction possible amount specifying unit takes into account the position of the power generation equipment on the power system. In addition, Patent Document 2 does not particularly describe the point that the increase possible amount specifying unit takes into account the position of the demand equipment on the power system. Therefore, in the embodiment described later, when the variable renewable energy power generation equipment obtains the power generation output upper limit value U due to the transmission capacity constraint, the positions of the variable renewable energy power generation equipment and the consumer on the power system are explicitly considered. Then, by requesting the update of the demand plan only from the consumer who can alleviate the transmission congestion, the output suppression of the power generation equipment by variable renewable energy is reduced.

[0019] [First embodiment] Configuration of the First Embodiment FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a power system PSS according to the first embodiment. The power system PSS includes a power plant 200, a consumer facility 300, and a power grid 400. A power plant manager XP2 manages the power plant 200, a consumer facility XP3 manages the consumer facility 300, and a power transmission and distribution company XP4 manages the power grid 400.

[0020] 2 shows only one consumer facility 300, but generally, multiple consumers XP3 manage multiple consumer facilities 300. Similarly, while FIG. 2 shows only one power plant 200, generally, multiple power plant managers XP2 manage multiple power plants 200.

[0021] (Power system 400) The power system 400 includes a system management device 420, an upper system 430 (hierarchy), an intermediate system 450 (hierarchy), a lower system 470 (hierarchy), and substations 440 and 460. The system management device 420 includes a communication unit 422.

[0022] The upper system 430 is, for example, a transmission system with a nominal voltage of 275 [kV], 187 [kV], etc., as shown in FIG. 1. These nominal voltages are exemplified in the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry's "Explanation of the Interpretation of Technical Standards for Electrical Equipment, Article 1, Item 1." The intermediate system 450 is, for example, a transmission system with a nominal voltage of 66 [kV]. The substation 440 converts between the nominal voltage of the upper system 430 and the nominal voltage of the intermediate system 450. The lower system 470 is, for example, a distribution system with a nominal voltage of 6.6 [kV]. The substation 460 converts between the nominal voltage of the intermediate system 450 and the nominal voltage of the lower system 470.

[0023] The lower system 470 includes a transformer 472 that converts a nominal voltage of 6.6 [kV] to, for example, 200 [V]. In the illustrated example, the power system 400 is classified into three hierarchical levels: an upper system 430, an intermediate system 450, and a lower system 470. However, the power system 400 may be classified into three or more hierarchical levels.

[0024] (Power Plant 200) The power plant 200 also includes a power generation facility 210, a power management device 220 that manages the power generation facility 210, and a recording device 240 that stores various data. The power management device 220 includes a communication unit 221 (communication process), a power generation output prediction unit 222, a power generation planning unit 223, a request target selection unit 224 (request target selection process), a pre-restriction power generation output estimation unit 225, a reference power generation amount calculation unit 226, a power generation increase amount calculation unit 227, and a screen display unit 228.

[0025] The recording device 240 also includes a demand plan recording unit 242, a power generation output upper limit value recording unit 244, a power generation amount recording unit 246, and an actual weather recording unit 248. The communication unit 221 in the power management device 220, the communication unit 322 in the load control device 320, and the communication unit 422 in the grid management device 420 are configured to be able to communicate with each other via a network (not shown).

[0026] The power generation facility 210 in the power plant 200 is a power generation facility that uses variable renewable energy, that is, a power generation facility whose power output fluctuates depending on weather conditions, etc. The power generation facility 210 may be, for example, a wind power generation facility that receives wind energy with blades and converts it into rotational energy with a turbine to generate power, or a solar power generation facility that converts sunlight into electricity with a solar panel.

[0027] The power management device 220 receives the power generation output upper limit value U and the location of the power transmission congestion point 490 (see FIG. 1) from the grid management device 420, and performs various controls so that the power generation output of the power generation facility 210 does not exceed the power generation output upper limit value U. The power generation output prediction unit 222 outputs a power generation output prediction G_est (not shown) of the power generation facility 210 based on a weather forecast and power generation results.

[0028] For example, when the power generation facility 210 is a photovoltaic power generation facility, the power management device 220 outputs the power generation output prediction G_est by, for example, multiplying the forecast value of the amount of solar radiation by the facility capacity. When the power generation facility 210 is a wind power generation facility, the power management device 220 outputs the power generation output prediction G_est by, for example, multiplying the forecast value of the wind speed by a power curve (a relational expression between wind speed and power generation output). The power management device 220 can also obtain the power generation output prediction G_est by interpolating the power generation results. It is also practical to obtain the power generation output prediction G_est by taking into account both the power generation output prediction based on the weather forecast and the power generation output prediction obtained by interpolating the results values ​​by taking an appropriate weighted average.

[0029] The power generation planning unit 223 creates a power generation plan PG (not shown) in 30-minute units based on the power generation output prediction G_est result due to the planned value simultaneous balancing accuracy. This power generation plan PG includes the power generation amount G in 30-minute units. Here, the power generation output prediction G_est predicted by the power generation output prediction unit 222 is a time series of the power generation output [kW] for 30 minutes. On the other hand, the power generation amount G planned by the power generation planning unit 223 is a numerical value of the power generation amount [kWh] obtained by integrating the power generation output [kW].

[0030] The screen display unit 228 has a function of displaying, for example, a map as shown in Fig. 1 and displaying the power plant 200, the customer facility 300, and the power system 400 by superimposing them on the map. The screen display unit 228 then displays the portion of the power system 400 in which the power transmission congestion point 490 occurs, distinguishing it from the other portions. For example, it is conceivable to display the power transmission congestion point 490 in red and the other portions of the power system 400 in black.

[0031] The request target selection unit 224 records a list of customer facilities 300 for which an update of the demand plan PD could potentially be requested if there were no power transmission congestion area 490, and the positions of these customer facilities 300 in the power system 400.

[0032] Then, when the power plant 200 receives the power generation output upper limit value U and the location of the power transmission congested area 490 (see FIG. 1) from the grid management device 420, the request target selection unit 224 extracts, from the list, consumer facilities 300 to which power can be transmitted without passing through the power transmission congested area 490, and selects, from the extracted load facilities 310, a target facility for which an update of the demand plan PD is to be requested (hereinafter, referred to as "update requested consumer facility"). Details of the request target selection unit 224, the pre-restriction power generation output estimation unit 225, the reference power generation amount calculation unit 226, and the power generation increase amount calculation unit 227 will be described later.

[0033] (Customer equipment 300) The customer facility 300 also includes a load facility 310 and a load control device 320 that controls the load facility 310. The load control device 320 also includes a communication unit 322, a demand planning unit 324, and a screen display unit 326.

[0034] The load equipment 310 includes power loads such as lighting, air conditioning, power, IT equipment, and electric heat. The load equipment 310 also includes charging devices for peak-cutting and vehicle-mounted storage batteries, hydrogen production devices using water electrolysis, and the like. The demand planning unit 324 of the load control device 320 creates a demand plan PD (not shown) for the load equipment 310 in a certain 30-minute unit time (frame). This demand plan PD includes the amount of power consumption D [kWh] (not shown) for the 30 minutes.

[0035] The amount of power consumption can be calculated by calculating the amount of power consumption for each load equipment 310 and taking the sum. The amount of power consumption for lighting can be calculated by multiplying the power consumption [kW] of lighting equipment by the number of equipment installed and integrating for 30 minutes. The amount of power consumption for air conditioning can be calculated by first finding out the power consumption [kW] of air conditioning equipment for each temperature and humidity, then predicting the temperature and humidity of the relevant unit, multiplying the corresponding power consumption [kW] by the number of equipment installed and integrating for 30 minutes.

[0036] Overall Operation of the First Embodiment FIG. 3 is an operation sequence diagram of the first embodiment. That is, Fig. 3 shows the operation of reducing output suppression of the power generation facility 210 by the power management device 220, the load control device 320, and the grid management device 420. Fig. 3 also shows the chronological relationship with the power trading market. Power trading progresses through a day-ahead market phase PH1 and an hour-ahead market phase PH2, and then to an actual supply and demand phase PH3. In the actual supply and demand phase PH3, under the current planned value simultaneous balancing system, the amount of generated power and the amount of consumed power D are preferably matched for each 30-minute frame (actual supply and demand frame) starting from 0 minutes or 30 minutes past the hour.

[0037] (Day-ahead market phase PH1) In step S102, the consumer XP3 (see FIG. 2) creates a demand plan PD (not shown) using the demand planning unit 324. Next, in step S104, the load control device 320 transmits this demand plan PD to the power management device 220 and the grid management device 420. Here, the power consumption amount D defined in the demand plan PD is assumed to be D1.

[0038] Meanwhile, in step S112, the power plant manager XP2 (see FIG. 2) predicts the power generation output using the power generation output prediction unit 222, and creates the power generation plan PG using the power generation planning unit 223. In step S114, the power management device 220 transmits the power generation plan PG to the grid management device 420. Here, the power generation amount included in the power generation plan PG is set as G1. In addition, in step S116, the power management device 220 records the demand plan PD supplied from the load control device 320 in the demand plan recording unit 242.

[0039] (After the end of day-ahead market phase PH1) After the day-ahead market phase PH1 ends, in step S152, the power grid management device 420 performs power supply and demand analysis based on the demand plan PD supplied from the multiple load control devices 320 and the power generation plan PG supplied from the multiple power management devices 220.

[0040] In the power supply and demand analysis, components of the power system such as the power plants 200 and the power system 400 are mathematically modeled, and the power generation amount of each power plant 200 and the power flow of each transmission and transformation facility are used as variables to calculate a solution that satisfies the supply and demand balance constraint and the transmission capacity constraint as a feasible solution. When the power generation amount obtained as a result of the power supply and demand analysis of a certain power plant 200 falls below the power generation amount planned by the power plant, it can be determined that output suppression will occur at the power plant.

[0041] The power generation output upper limit U [kW] is calculated by dividing the power generation amount [kWh] obtained from the power supply and demand analysis by 30 minutes (0.5 hours). In addition, when the power flow obtained from the power supply and demand analysis in a certain power transmission and substation facility in the power system 400 is equal to the operating capacity of the facility, it can be determined that the transmission capacity constraint is in effect in the facility, that is, the facility is congested. The facility with congested transmission is the transmission congested point (for example, transmission congested point 490 in FIG. 1).

[0042] The target transmission and transformation facilities are not limited to those for AC transmission, but also include those for DC transmission and those for power transmission utilizing AC-DC mutual conversion. In other words, transmission and transformation facilities include AC-DC converter stations that convert AC to DC, orthogonal-to-linear converter stations that convert AC to DC and then back to AC, frequency converter stations (Frequency converter stations and Back-to-back), and High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) facilities.

[0043] Here, it is assumed that a power transmission congestion is predicted as a result of the power supply and demand analysis. In this case, in step S154, the grid management device 420 notifies the power management device 220 of the position information of the power transmission congestion point 490 (see FIG. 1) and instructs the power generation output upper limit value U. Here, the instructed power generation output upper limit value U is assumed to be U0.

[0044] Upon receiving the power generation output upper limit value U0, the power management device 220 then records the power generation output upper limit value U0 in the power generation output upper limit value recording unit 244 in step S156. Furthermore, the request target selection unit 224 selects the consumer facility 300 for which an update of the demand plan PD is requested, i.e., the update request target consumer facility. Note that the instruction of the power generation output upper limit value U may or may not be a trigger for the process of selecting the update request target consumer facility. Next, in step S158, the power management device 220 requests the load control device 320 of the selected update request target consumer facility to update the demand plan PD.

[0045] (Pre-time market phase PH2) In step S202, when the load control device 320 of the update request target consumer facility receives the update request for the demand plan PD, the consumer XP3 considers whether or not it is possible to update the demand plan PD. If it is determined that it is possible, the consumer XP3 updates the demand plan PD in the demand planning unit 324.

[0046] Once the demand plan PD is updated, the process proceeds to step S204, where the load control device 320 transmits the updated demand plan PD to the power management device 220 and the grid management device 420. The power consumption in the updated demand plan PD is set to D2.

[0047] On the other hand, when a new weather forecast or power generation record is obtained, the power management device 220 of the power plant 200 executes the process of step S212. Here, the power generation output prediction unit 222 of the power management device 220 updates the power generation output prediction G_est (not shown). Furthermore, the power generation planning unit 223 updates the power generation plan PG by applying the power generation output upper limit value U0 to the updated power generation output prediction G_est. The power generation amount in the updated power generation plan PG is set to G2.

[0048] Next, when the process proceeds to step S214, the power management device 220 transmits the updated power generation plan PG including the power generation amount G2 to the grid management device 420. Next, when the process proceeds to step S216, the power management device 220 records the demand plan PD received from the load control device 320 in the demand plan recording unit 242.

[0049] (After the end of pre-hours market phase PH2) After the end of the advance market phase PH2, in step S252, the power grid management device 420 performs power supply and demand analysis based on the demand plan PD supplied from the multiple load control devices 320 and the power generation plan PG supplied from the multiple power management devices 220.

[0050] Here, it is assumed that a power transmission congestion is predicted as a result of the power supply and demand analysis. In this case, in step S254, the system management device 420 indicates the power transmission congestion location to the power management device 220 and instructs the power generation output upper limit value U. Here, the power generation output upper limit value U is U A The power management device 220 determines the power generation output upper limit U A When this is received, next, in step S256, this power generation output upper limit value U A is recorded in the power generation output upper limit value recording unit 244.

[0051] (Actual supply and demand phase PH3) In step S302 of the actual supply and demand phase PH3, the power management device 220 determines in response to an instruction from the grid management device 420 that the power generation output upper limit value of the power generation facility 210 is U A In step S302, the power management device 220 records the actual amount of power generated for each frame in the power generation amount recording unit 246. A It is called.

[0052] In step S302, the power management device 220 also acquires actual weather data in the vicinity of the power generation equipment 210. For example, if the power generation equipment 210 is a wind power generation equipment, the wind speed and direction can be acquired by an anemometer attached to the nacelle. If the power generation equipment 210 is a solar power generation equipment, the amount of solar radiation is acquired by an actinometer and the temperature is acquired by a thermometer. The power management device 220 stores this acquired weather data in the actual weather recording unit 248 as time-series data linked to the acquisition date and time.

[0053] (After the end of actual supply and demand phase PH3) After the actual supply and demand phase PH3 ends, the process proceeds to step S352 in the power management device 220, where the pre-restriction power output estimation unit 225 estimates the pre-restriction power output P(t). A is a predicted value of the power generation amount G that is estimated to be obtained if the power generation amount G is not instructed. The reference power generation amount calculation unit 226 calculates a reference power generation amount (described in detail later). The power generation increase amount calculation unit 227 calculates a power generation increase amount (described in detail later).

[0054] Next, when the process proceeds to step S354, the power management device 220 performs a payment process for the load control device 320 to pay the consideration for the demand plan update. That is, the power management device 220 uses the increase in the amount of electricity sales income obtained by the increase in the amount of power generation as a resource to pay the consideration to the consumer XP3 who updated the demand plan PD and returns it to the consumer XP3. Here, the power management device 220 calculates this consideration as follows. First, the amount of increase in power generation [kWh] x power generation unit price (yen / kWh) is set as the resource (yen), and the resource (yen) x coefficient is set as the remuneration amount (yen). The coefficient is a value set between the power plant manager XP2 and the consumer XP3, and is an arbitrary value between 0 and 1 (for example, 0.01). This allows the power plant manager XP2 to give the consumer XP3 an incentive to update the demand plan PD.

[0055] <Selection process for customer facilities subject to renewal request> Next, a process in which the request target selection unit 224 selects an update request target customer facility for which an update of the demand plan PD is requested will be described. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a state of the power system 400. As shown in FIG. As previously described in Fig. 2, the power system 400 includes an upper system 430, an intermediate system 450, and a lower system 470. In the example shown in Fig. 4, the intermediate system 450 includes power transmission lines 450A and 450B, to which substations 460A and 460B are connected, respectively. The lower system 470 is a portion that connects the substations 460A and 460B to the customer facilities 300A and 300B and the power plant 200B in the figure. The substation 460A is connected to a transformer 472A via a power transmission line 470A, and the customer facility 300A is connected to the transformer 472A.

[0056] Further, substation 460B is connected to transformers 472B1 and 472B2 via power transmission lines 470B1 and 470B2, respectively. Power plant 200B and consumer equipment 300B are connected to transformer 472B2. In the example of Fig. 4, power transmission congestion point 490 occurs in power transmission line 450B. That is, it is expected that a capacity shortage of power transmission line 450B will occur due to the power generated by power plant 200B.

[0057] In this case, even if the power demand in customer facility 300A is increased, the power transmission congestion at power transmission congestion point 490 is not alleviated. On the other hand, if the power demand in customer facility 300B is increased, the power transmission congestion caused by the excess power supply from power transmission line 470B2 can be alleviated. This is because power can be supplied from power plant 200B to customer facility 300B via power transmission line 470B2, and therefore power can be supplied without passing through power transmission congestion point 490.

[0058] Therefore, the request target selection unit 224 (see FIG. 2) in the power plant 200B selects the consumer facility 300B as the "update request target consumer facility" and requests that the demand plan PD be updated. On the other hand, the power management device 220 does not request the consumer facility 300A to update the demand plan PD. This is because there is no route for supplying power from the power plant 200B to the consumer facility 300A without passing through the power transmission congestion point 490.

[0059] The customer facility 300B selected as the "customer facility subject to update request" updates the demand plan PD if possible. If the customer facility 300B is, for example, a factory that includes production facilities, pump facilities, compressor facilities, cooling tower facilities, etc., the demand plan PD can be updated by changing the operation times of these facilities. In addition, the demand plan PD can also be updated by changing the temperature settings of air conditioning facilities, reducing the usage time of lighting facilities, etc.

[0060] Furthermore, when the customer facility 300B is a data center, in changing the demand plan PD, for example, measures can be taken to suppress high-load calculations or to concentrate high-load calculations during a time period when the demand plan PD needs to be updated. More specifically, the time for executing calculations that do not require real-time performance, such as batch processing, AI learning, and CG rendering, can be changed.

[0061] In addition, if the customer facility 300B is an electric water heater that can heat and store hot water at any time using electric heat or a heat pump, the demand plan PD can be changed by changing the timing of boiling hot water. In addition, if the customer facility 300B is an electric vehicle charger that reserves a departure time and charges at any time up to the departure time, the demand plan PD can be changed by changing the timing of charging.

[0062] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of the state of the power system 400. In FIG. The configuration of the power system 400 in Fig. 5 is the same as that in Fig. 4, but a power transmission congestion point 490 occurs at a substation 460B. That is, a capacity shortage is expected to occur at the substation 460B. In this situation, as in the case of Fig. 4, the request target selection unit 224 selects the customer facility 300B as the "update request target customer facility" and requests an update of the demand plan PD.

[0063] 4, the power management device 220 does not request the customer facility 300A to update the demand plan PD. This is because, as in the case of Fig. 4, while there is a power supply route between the power plant 200B and the customer facility 300B that does not pass through the power transmission congestion point 490, there is no such route between the power plant 200B and the customer facility 300A.

[0064] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing still another example of the state of the power system 400. In FIG. The configuration of the power system 400 in Fig. 6 is the same as that in Fig. 4, except that the power plant 200B is connected to a transformer 472B1. In this situation, as in the case of Fig. 4, the request target selection unit 224 selects the consumer facility 300B as the "update request target consumer facility" and requests an update of the demand plan PD. Also, as in the case of Fig. 4, the request target selection unit 224 does not request the consumer facility 300A to update the demand plan PD.

[0065] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing still another example of the state of the power system 400. In FIG. The configuration of the power system 400 in FIG. 7 is the same as that in FIG. 4, but differs in that the power plant 200B is connected to the substation 460B via the power transmission line 470B1. Also, differs in that the customer facility 300B1 is connected to the substation 460B. The customer facility 300B1 belongs to the same hierarchical level as the power plant 200B, and the customer facility 300B2 belongs to a lower hierarchical level. In this situation, the request target selection unit 224 of the power plant 200B selects both the customer facilities 300B1 and 300B2 as "update request target customer facilities" and requests an update of the demand plan PD. Also, as in the case of FIG. 4, the request target selection unit 224 of the power plant 200B does not request the customer facility 300A to update the demand plan PD. As described above, according to the present embodiment, a request can be made to update the demand plan PD for the customer facilities 300B1 and 300B2 on different levels, so that the power generation capacity of the power plant 200B can be effectively utilized.

[0066] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing still another example of the state of the power system 400. In FIG. The configuration of the power system 400 in Fig. 8 is the same as that in Fig. 4, but the power transmission congestion point 490 occurs in the upper system 430. And the power transmission congestion point 490 does not occur in the other systems. In this case, there is a power supply route between the power plant 200B and the customer facility 300B, and between the power plant 200B and the customer facility 300A that does not pass through the power transmission congestion point 490. Therefore, the power management device 220 of the power plant 200B selects both the customer facilities 300A and 300B as "customer facilities subject to an update request" and requests an update of the demand plan PD.

[0067] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing still another example of the state of the power system 400. In FIG. 9, power plant 200A1 is connected to substation 440 via power transmission line 450A1, and customer facility 300A1 is connected to substation 440 via power transmission line 450A2. Substation 460A is further connected to substation 440 via power transmission line 450A3. Substation 460A is then connected to customer facility 300A2 via power transmission line 470A and transformer 472A.

[0068] Further, a substation 460B is connected to the substation 440 via a power transmission line 450B. The substation 460B is connected to transformers 472B1 and 472B2 via power transmission lines 470B1 and 470B2.

[0069] The transformer 472B1 is connected to the power plant 200B1 and the customer facility 300B1, while the transformer 472B2 is connected to the power plant 200B2 and the customer facility 300B2.

[0070] In the above configuration, when the power generation output upper limit value U is instructed to the power plant 200B1 and the power plant 200B2, the request target selection unit 224 of the power plant 200B1 or 200B2 requests the customer facilities 300B1 and 300B2 to update the demand plan PD because there are multiple customer facilities 300B1 and 300B2.

[0071] On the other hand, the request target selection unit 224 of the power plant 200B1 or 200B2 does not request the customer facility 300A to update the demand plan PD. This is because, for either of the power plants 200B1 and 200B2, there is no power supply route to the customer facility 300A that does not pass through the power transmission congestion point 490.

[0072] The power consumption amount in the demand plan PD of the customer facility 300B1 before the update of the demand plan PD is requested is D 1,300B1 The amount of power consumption in the demand plan PD after the update of the demand plan PD is requested is D 2,300B1 In addition, the power consumption amount of the customer facility 300B2 in the demand plan PD before the update of the demand plan PD is requested is D 1,300B2 The amount of power consumption in the demand plan PD after the update of the demand plan PD is requested is D 2,300B2 Let us assume that.

[0073] The power generation increase of the power plants 200B1 and 200B2 in a certain time period is summed up to be the power generation increase of the time period. The increase in the electricity sales revenue obtained by this power generation increase is called "D 2,300B1 -D 1,300B1 " and "D2,300B2 -D 1,300B2 " and return the money to customer facilities 300B1 and 300B2 as compensation.

[0074] Deciding whether to increase power generation 10 is a flowchart of a routine for determining whether or not to increase the amount of power generation. This routine determines whether or not to increase the amount of power generation for a certain frame. When the process proceeds to step S501 in FIG. 10, the power generation increase calculation unit 227 determines whether or not both of the following conditions CD1 and CD2 are satisfied. Condition CD1 (first condition): The power consumption in the demand plan PD after the update (power consumption D2) is greater than the power consumption in the demand plan PD before the update (power consumption D1). In other words, the power consumption has increased by updating the demand plan PD. Condition CD2 (second condition): The upper limit of power generation output U after requesting an update of the demand plan PD A is larger than the power generation output upper limit U0 before the request to update the demand plan PD.

[0075] If the result of the determination in step S501 is "Yes", the process proceeds to step S502, where the power generation increase calculation unit 227 calculates the power generation increase amount by a power generation increase calculation routine (FIG. 11) described later. A The larger the value, the more the output suppression can be reduced and the more the amount of power generation can be increased.

[0076] On the other hand, if at least one of the conditions CD1 and CD2 is not satisfied, the result in step S501 is determined as "No," and the process proceeds to step S503. Here, the power generation increase amount calculation unit 227 sets the power generation increase amount to "0." Note that if there is no power transmission congestion and the power generation output upper limit value U0 or U A If no command is given, the rated output of the power generation equipment 210 is set to the power generation output upper limit value U A By substituting the above, the same processing as in FIG. 10 can be applied.

[0077] <Calculation process of increase in power generation> Fig. 11 is a flowchart of the power generation increase calculation routine. This routine is called in step S502 in Fig. 10 and calculates the power generation increase of a specified frame. When the process proceeds to step S601 in FIG. 11, the pre-restriction power output estimator 225 calculates the pre-restriction power output P(t), which is a function of time t in the frame, based on the actual weather.

[0078] As described above, the pre-restriction power output P(t) is the power output upper limit U A is the power output predicted to be obtained if no instruction was given. If the power generation facility 210 is a wind power generation facility, the pre-suppression power output P(t) can be obtained by multiplying the wind speed of the actual weather data by the power curve. If the actual weather data is in time series, the pre-suppression power output P(t) can also be obtained in time series. However, the pre-suppression power output P(t) may be a constant value in the frame.

[0079] Next, when the process proceeds to step S602, the reference power generation calculation unit 226 calculates the post-suppression power output C(t). That is, the reference power generation calculation unit 226 calculates the post-suppression power output C(t), which is a function of time t, based on the pre-suppression power output P(t) and the power output upper limit U0 before requesting an update of the demand plan PD. If "min" is a function that returns the smaller of the arguments, the post-suppression power output C(t) can be calculated by "C(t)=min(P(t),U0)".

[0080] Next, when the process proceeds to step S603, the reference power generation amount calculation unit 226 integrates the suppressed power generation output C(t) to calculate the reference power generation amount GS, which is the power generation amount [kWh] in the frame. Next, when the process proceeds to step S604, the power generation increase calculation unit 227 calculates the power generation increase amount [kWh]. That is, the power generation increase calculation unit 227 calculates the actual power generation amount G from the power generation amount recording unit 246. A The amount of power generated G A The increase in power generation is calculated by subtracting the standard power generation amount GS from the above.

[0081] FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between various values ​​in the power generation increase calculation routine (FIG. 11). In FIG. 12, the power generation output before suppression P(t) is indicated by a dashed line. The power generation output upper limit U0 is indicated by a horizontal line in the figure. The reference power generation amount GS is indicated by the area of ​​the dotted portion in the figure. Thus, according to this embodiment, when output suppression due to a power transmission capacity constraint is performed, it is possible to prevent an increase in demand from customer equipment 300 that does not relieve power transmission congestion, while increasing the demand from customer equipment 300 that can relieve power transmission congestion. The screen display unit 228 in the power management device 220 (see FIG. 2) also has a function of displaying the power generation output before suppression P(t) and the power generation output upper limit U0 using the graph shown in FIG. 12.

[0082] [Second embodiment] Next, a power system according to a second embodiment will be described. The configuration of the power system according to the second embodiment is similar to that of the power system PSS according to the first embodiment (see FIG. 2), except for the points described below. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the load control device 320 transmits the demand plan PD to the power management device 220, but the power management device 220 does not transmit the basis for calculating the amount of increase in power generation.

[0083] Therefore, even if the consumer XP3 updates the demand plan PD and increases the amount of power generation, the power plant manager XP2 may falsely report that the amount of power generation did not increase and not pay the consumer XP3. Therefore, in order to avoid such suspicion, it is useful to have a function to detect falsification of the calculation basis for the amount of increased power generation.

[0084] FIG. 13 is a sequence diagram of tamper detection in the second embodiment. It is useful to provide a time stamp for the calculation basis of the power generation increase amount, i.e., the actual weather data, the pre-suppression power generation output P(t), the received power generation output upper limit value U, the actual power generation amount data, and the reference power generation amount. First, in step S702, the power management device 220 calculates a hash value #1 based on the calculation basis data BD and a hash function. The calculation basis data BD is, for example, text data that describes the power generation increase amount and its calculation basis.

[0085] Hash value #1 is the return value of the hash function. A hash function is a function that converts arbitrary data, such as a file, into a fixed-length value (hash value). Hash functions are unique, meaning that they return the same value for the same input, and different values ​​for different inputs (even nearly identical inputs can return significantly different values). Hash functions are also one-way, meaning that it is extremely difficult to infer the original input from the hash value. More specifically, there are a series of hash functions known, such as SHA, BLAKE, and RIPEMD (derived and improved versions).

[0086] Next, in step S704, the power management apparatus 220 transmits the hash value #1 to the time stamp authority 500. The time stamp authority 500 is generally called a TSA (Time Stamping Authority). Next, in step S706, the time stamp authority 500 generates a time stamp TS.

[0087] Next, in step S708, the time stamp authority 500 returns a TS token (time stamp token) to the power management device 220. The TS token is data that proves that "hash value #1 existed with that content at that time." Next, in step S710, the power management device 220 records the hash value #1, the calculation basis data BD, and the TS token in the recording device 240.

[0088] Thereafter, in step S722, it is assumed that the consumer XP3 inquires about the calculation basis of the power generation increase amount to the power management device 220 via the load control device 320. In response, the power management device 220 reads out the hash value #1, the calculation basis data BD, and the TS token from the recording device 240, and transmits these to the load control device 320.

[0089] Next, when the process proceeds to step S728, the load control device 320 acquires the hash value contained in the TS token. The acquired hash value is designated as #2. Next, when the process proceeds to step S730, the load control device 320 checks whether or not the hash values ​​#1 and #2 match. If they match, it can be confirmed that the calculation basis data BD is authentic. On the other hand, if they do not match, it is determined that the calculation basis data BD has been subsequently tampered with.

[0090] In this way, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to ensure the authenticity of the calculation basis data BD supplied from the power management device 220 to the load control device 320. This provides an incentive for the consumer XP3 to comply with instructions from the power management device 220 in the actual supply and demand phase PH3.

[0091] [Computer Configuration] 14 is a block diagram of the computer 980. Each of the power management device 220, the load control device 320, and the system management device 420 shown in FIG. 2 includes one or more computers 980 shown in FIG. 14, a computer 980 includes a CPU 981, a storage unit 982, a communication I / F (interface) 983, an input / output I / F 984, and a media I / F 985. Here, the storage unit 982 includes a RAM 982a, a ROM 982b, and a HDD 982c. The communication I / F 983 is connected to a communication circuit 986. The input / output I / F 984 is connected to an input / output device 987. The media I / F 985 reads and writes data from a recording medium 988.

[0092] The ROM 982b stores an IPL (Initial Program Loader) executed by the CPU, etc. The HDD 982c stores control programs, various data, etc. The CPU 981 executes the control programs, etc. loaded from the HDD 982c to the RAM 982a to realize various functions. The interiors of the power management device 220, the load control device 320, and the system management device 420 shown in FIG. 2 are mainly shown as blocks showing functions realized by the control programs, etc.

[0093] [Effects of the embodiment] According to the embodiment described above, the power management device 220 includes a request target selection unit 224 that refers to an instruction of the power generation output upper limit value U for the power generation equipment 210 connected to the power system 400 having multiple hierarchies (430, 450, 470) and selects an update request target consumer equipment for which an update of the demand plan PD is requested from the customer equipment 300 connected to the hierarchies (430, 450, 470) to which the power generation equipment 210 is connected and the customer equipment 300 connected to the hierarchies (430, 450, 470) below that, and a communication unit 221 that transmits a request to update the demand plan PD to the load control device 320 included in the update request target consumer equipment.

[0094] As a result, according to each of the above embodiments, it is possible to request the customer facilities 300 that belong to a tier different from the tier to which the power generation facilities 210 belong to update their demand plans PD, and the balance between power supply and demand can be appropriately adjusted. In particular, the update of the demand plan PD forces the consumer XP3 to change his / her behavior. If the consumer XP3 is requested to update the demand plan PD even when he / she cannot receive a reward, the consumer may become exhausted and may stop updating the demand plan PD.

[0095] According to the above-described embodiment, when the power generation output upper limit value U is obtained, a request to update the demand plan PD can be made only to the customer equipment 300 located in a position where the power transmission congestion can be alleviated. On the other hand, a request to update the demand plan PD is not made to the customer equipment 300 that is not located in a position where the power transmission congestion can be alleviated. By requesting an update of the demand plan PD only when the customer XP3 can receive a reward, the customer XP3 can easily maintain the motivation to update the demand plan PD.

[0096] Meanwhile, in the field of infrastructure, when constructing facilities that contribute to the public interest, it is necessary to deal with NIMBYs (Not In My Backyard) who are opposed by the residents living near the facility. Power plants have sought ways to coexist with the community by providing information and exchanging opinions, and have dealt with NIMBYs. Finding common goals and interests and building cooperative relationships to promote mutual understanding is also a way of coexisting with the community.

[0097] In the power management device 220, the source of the remuneration paid by the power plant manager XP2 to the consumer XP3 is the increased amount of power generated by the power generation facility 210 using variable renewable energy. Through the power management device 220, the power plant manager XP2 and the consumer XP3 can have a common goal of reducing output suppression of variable renewable energy and increasing the amount of power generated. In other words, the power management device 220 also contributes to the regional symbiosis of the power plant 200.

[0098] Moreover, it is more preferable that the power system 400 includes a plurality of substations 440, 460, and that the plurality of hierarchical layers (430, 450, 470) are separated by the substations 440, 460, and that the lower the hierarchical layer, the lower the nominal voltage. This allows the power system 400 to be flexibly operated via a plurality of hierarchical layers having various nominal voltages.

[0099] Moreover, the power generation output upper limit value U is supplied due to the occurrence of a power transmission congested spot 490 in a part of the power system 400, and it is more preferable that the request target selection unit 224 selects the update request target consumer facility from among the consumer facilities 300 that have a power supply route between the power generation facility 210 and the power generation facility 210 that does not pass through the power transmission congested spot 490. This makes it possible to appropriately select the update request target consumer facility in accordance with the power transmission congested spot 490.

[0100] Moreover, it is more preferable that the power management device 220 further includes a screen display unit 228 that displays the power generation facility 210, the customer facility 300, and the power system 400 on a map and displays a portion of the power system 400 where a power transmission congestion point 490 occurs, distinguishing it from other portions. This allows the power plant manager XP2 to easily grasp the positional relationship of the customer facility 300 in the power system 400.

[0101] Moreover, it is more preferable that the power management device 220 further includes a power generation increase calculation unit 227 that calculates the amount of increase in power generation in the power generation facility 210 during a predetermined time period. This allows the power plant manager XP2 to grasp the amount of increase in power generation.

[0102] In addition, the power generation increase calculation unit 227 satisfies a first condition (CD1) that the power consumption D2 expected in the consumer facility 300 when the demand plan PD is updated is greater than the power consumption D1 expected in the consumer facility 300 before the update of the demand plan PD is requested, and a power generation output upper limit value U0 of the power generation facility 210 after the update of the demand plan PD is requested is greater than the power generation output upper limit value U1 of the power generation facility 210 before the update of the demand plan PD is requested. A It is more preferable to calculate the power generation increase amount when both of the first condition (CD1) and the second condition (CD2) that the power generation increase amount is large are satisfied. This makes it possible to calculate the power generation increase amount under appropriate conditions.

[0103] The power generation increase calculation unit 227 has a function of estimating a pre-suppression power generation output (P(t)) based on the actual weather in a predetermined time period, a function of calculating a reference power generation amount GS based on the pre-suppression power generation output (P(t)) and a power generation output upper limit value U0 obtained before requesting an update of the demand plan PD, and a function of calculating an actual power generation amount G A It is more preferable to provide a function of subtracting the reference power generation amount GS from the power generation increase amount to obtain the power generation increase amount. This allows the power generation increase amount calculation unit 227 to obtain an appropriate power generation increase amount.

[0104] Moreover, it is more preferable that the power management device 220 further includes a screen display unit 228 that displays the pre-suppression power output (P(t)) and the power output upper limit value U0 on a screen. This allows the power plant manager XP2 to visually grasp the pre-suppression power output (P(t)) and the power output upper limit value U0.

[0105] More preferably, the power generation increase calculation unit 227 further includes a function for calculating, for each of the multiple consumer facilities 300, a difference between the power consumption D1 expected before requesting an update of the demand plan PD and the power consumption D2 expected when the demand plan PD is updated, and a function for allocating the power generation increase to the multiple consumer facilities 300 in accordance with the ratio of the calculated differences. This allows the power generation increase to be appropriately allocated to the multiple consumer facilities 300.

[0106] [Variations] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and various modifications are possible. The above-mentioned embodiment is exemplified to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. In addition, it is possible to replace a part of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment, and it is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment. In addition, it is possible to delete a part of the configuration of each embodiment, or to add or replace other configurations. In addition, the control lines and information lines shown in the figure show those that are considered necessary for explanation, and do not necessarily show all the control lines and information lines necessary on the product. In reality, it may be considered that almost all the configurations are connected to each other. Possible modifications of the above-mentioned embodiment are, for example, as follows.

[0107] (1) The hardware of the power management device 220, the load control device 320, and the system management device 420 in the above embodiments can be realized by a general-purpose computer. Therefore, the processes corresponding to the above-mentioned block diagrams and flowcharts, as well as programs for executing the various processes described above, may be stored on a storage medium (a computer-readable recording medium on which a program is recorded) or distributed via a transmission line.

[0108] (2) In the above embodiment, the processes corresponding to the block diagrams and flowcharts, as well as the various other processes described above, have been described as software-based processes using a program. However, some or all of them may be replaced with hardware-based processes using an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), etc.

[0109] (3) The various processes executed in the above-described embodiments may be executed by a server computer via a network (not shown), and the various data stored in the above-described embodiments may also be stored in the server computer. [Explanation of symbols]

[0110] 210 Power generation facilities 220 Power management equipment 221 Communication Department (Communication Process) 224 Request Target Selection Department (Request Target Selection Process) 227 Power generation increase calculation unit 228 Screen display section 300 Customer equipment 320 Load Control Device 400 Power system 430 Upper system (hierarchy) 440,460 substations 450 Intermediate system (hierarchy) 470 Subsystem (hierarchy) 490 Power transmission congestion points U Power generation output upper limit GS Standard Power Generation PD Demand Planning CD1 Condition (First Condition) CD2 Condition (Second Condition) D1 power consumption D2 power consumption G A Power generation U0 power output upper limit U A Power generation output upper limit

Claims

1. a request target selection unit that refers to an instruction of a power generation output upper limit value for a power generation facility connected to a power system having a plurality of hierarchical levels, and selects an update request target customer facility that is the target of a request to update a demand plan from among customer facilities connected to the hierarchical level to which the power generation facility is connected and customer facilities connected to hierarchical levels below the hierarchical level; a communication unit that transmits a demand plan update request to a load control device included in the update request target consumer equipment. A power management device comprising:

2. The power system includes a plurality of substations, and the plurality of hierarchical layers are separated by the substations, with the nominal voltage decreasing toward the lower hierarchical layers.

2. The power management device of claim 1.

3. The power generation output upper limit value is supplied due to a power transmission congestion point occurring in a part of the power grid, The request target selection unit selects the update request target consumer equipment from among the consumer equipment having a power supply route between the consumer equipment and the power generation equipment that does not pass through the power transmission congestion point.

2. The power management device of claim 1.

4. The power generation facility, the customer facility, and the power system are displayed on a map, and a screen display unit is further provided for displaying a portion of the power system where the power transmission congestion occurs, in a manner that distinguishes it from other portions.

4. The power management device of claim 3.

5. The power generation increase calculation unit calculates an increase in power generation in the power generation facility during a predetermined time period.

2. The power management device of claim 1.

6. The power generation increase calculation unit A first condition is that an amount of power consumption in the consumer equipment expected when the demand plan is updated is greater than an amount of power consumption in the consumer equipment expected before the demand plan is updated; a second condition that the power generation output upper limit value for the power generation facility after the request for updating the demand plan is greater than the power generation output upper limit value for the power generation facility before the request for updating the demand plan; The power generation increase amount is calculated when both of the above are satisfied.

6. The power management device of claim 5.

7. The power generation increase calculation unit A function of estimating a pre-suppression power output based on actual weather in the predetermined time period; A function of calculating a reference power generation amount based on the pre-restriction power generation output and the power generation output upper limit value obtained before requesting an update of the demand plan; and a function of setting the result of subtracting the reference power generation amount from the actual power generation amount in the predetermined time period as the power generation increase amount.

6. The power management device of claim 5.

8. The power generation output limit value is displayed on a screen of the power generation output before suppression.

8. The power management device of claim 7.

9. The power generation increase calculation unit A function of calculating, for each of the plurality of consumer facilities, a difference between an amount of power consumption expected before a request to update the demand plan and an amount of power consumption expected when the demand plan is updated; and allocating the increased amount of power generation to the plurality of customer facilities in accordance with the ratio of the calculated differences.

6. The power management device of claim 5.

10. a request target selection process for selecting, when a power generation output upper limit value is specified for a power generation facility connected to a power system having a plurality of hierarchical levels, a customer facility connected to the hierarchical level to which the power generation facility is connected and a customer facility connected to a hierarchical level below the hierarchical level, the customer facility being the target of a request to update the demand plan; a communication step of transmitting a demand plan update request to a load control device included in the update request target customer equipment, and 23. A power management method comprising:

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