Ground monitoring system

Abstract

To monitor deformation of a stress state inside the ground, and to display a ground state in an easily visually recognizable manner to a monitoring surveillant.SOLUTION: In a ground monitoring system, a plurality of lock bolts 51 arranged at intervals are installed in the ground, a sensing washer 40 is interposed between a bearing plate 52 extrapolated on a projecting portion of the lock bolt 51 and a nut 53 to be fastened, the sensing washer 40 transmits a stress corresponding value to be loaded according to extrusion of the ground in a fastened state, or a change amount of the stress corresponding value, together with individual identification information, a ground monitoring device 10 receives the individual identification information of the sensing washer 40, together with the stress corresponding value or a change amount of the stress corresponding value, in order to display a state of the ground by adding visual identification information corresponding to a degree of a respective stress corresponding value or a degree of a change amount of the stress corresponding value, to a region corresponding to the individual identification information of each original topographic data.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a ground monitoring system for monitoring ground deformation.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, there are systems in Patent Documents 1 and 2 as technologies for monitoring ground deformation. The system of Patent Document 1 fixes one end of a beam, which is an internal displacement sensor, inside a tunnel-shaped structure, installs a strain detection device for sensing strain on the surface of the beam, and calculates the vertical and horizontal displacements of the tunnel-shaped structure from the strain detected by the strain detection device to monitor ground deformation.

[0003] The system of Patent Document 2 measures the specific resistance at a predetermined depth of the ground, calculates the ratio of the thickness of the aquifer in the soil layer as a risk parameter representing the risk of slope collapse based on the measured specific resistance of the ground, and evaluates the risk of slope collapse by comparing the risk parameter with a threshold value to monitor ground deformation.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, although the system for detecting the internal displacement of Patent Document 1 can monitor the surface deformation of the ground, it cannot monitor the deformation of the stress state inside the ground. Also, the system of Patent Document 2 that uses the ratio of the thickness of the aquifer as a risk parameter representing the risk of slope collapse similarly cannot monitor the deformation of the stress state inside the ground. Therefore, a system that can monitor the deformation of the stress state inside the ground is required. Furthermore, it is also desired that the display information of the ground monitoring system be a display that is easily perceptible by the monitor who monitors it.

[0006] The present invention is proposed in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a ground monitoring system that can monitor the deformation of the stress state inside the ground and can display the ground state in a manner that is easily visually recognizable by the monitor who monitors it.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] In the ground monitoring system of the present invention, a plurality of rock bolts arranged at intervals are driven into the ground, a bearing plate is inserted and a nut is tightened at the protruding portion of each rock bolt protruding from the ground, and a sensing washer capable of detecting a stress equivalent value or a change amount of the stress equivalent value loaded by the extrusion of the ground in the fastened state is interposed between the bearing plate and the nut. The sensing washer has a control unit, a storage unit for storing individual identification information of the sensing washer, and a communication unit. The sensing washer transmits the individual identification information of the sensing washer and the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value, and the ground monitoring device receives the individual identification information of the sensing washer and the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value installed corresponding to each rock bolt, and in the region corresponding to each individual identification information of the original terrain data, the degree of each stress equivalent value, or the degree of the correction value of the stress equivalent value, or the degree of the change amount of the stress equivalent value, or the degree of the correction value of the change amount of the stress equivalent value, visual identification information corresponding thereto is attached to display the ground state. According to this, not only the surface portion of the ground but also the stress state inside the ground corresponding to the length of the plurality of rock bolts embedded in the ground can be reflected in the ground state, and the change in the stress state inside the ground over a wide range can be monitored. Further, by attaching visual identification information corresponding to the degree of each stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value, etc. to the region corresponding to the individual identification information of each sensing washer of the original terrain data and displaying the ground state, a display of the ground state that is easy for the monitor to visually recognize can be performed. Also, at the site where the rock bolts are driven into the ground, there is no need to install large-scale measuring instruments, and since it is only necessary to install a sensing washer as a washer interposed between the bearing plate and the nut, the construction cost can be reduced.

[0008] The ground monitoring system of the present invention is characterized in that the visual identification information is set to different colors or different patterns or different densities or a combination of two or more of these, and the ground state is displayed as a rotatable three-dimensional model. According to this, it is possible to display the ground state that is very easy for the monitor to visually recognize. In addition, by displaying the ground state as a rotatable three-dimensional model, it becomes possible to monitor the ground state in all directions, and the monitor can grasp the ground state more accurately.

[0009] In the ground monitoring system of the present invention, each of the sensing washers having a built-in battery detects the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value every predetermined time, and transmits the individual identification information and the detected stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value to a cloud server via a gateway. The cloud server stores the individual identification information of each received sensing washer and the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value in correspondence with the date and time. The ground monitoring device is characterized by receiving from the cloud server the individual identification information of each sensing washer, the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value, and the corresponding date and time. According to this, it is possible to continuously monitor the change in the stress state inside the ground by a ground monitoring device installed in a remote location. In addition, since it is only necessary to install a gateway that communicates with a plurality of sensing washers at the site in order to upload to the cloud server, it is possible to construct with less space and at low cost.

[0010] The ground monitoring system of the present invention is characterized in that the communication unit of the sensing washer is a BLE communication unit and the gateway is a BLE gateway. According to this, it is possible to reliably receive the transmission data of a plurality of sensing washers installed over a wider range and upload it to the cloud server. In addition, by the BLE communication method, the power consumption required for communication can be saved, the life of the built-in battery can be extended, and the efficiency of maintenance work and the reduction of maintenance costs can be achieved.

Effects of the Invention

[0011] According to the ground monitoring system of the present invention, it is possible to monitor the change in the stress state inside the ground and display the ground state that is easy for the monitor to visually recognize.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] 〔Ground Monitoring System of Embodiment〕 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the ground monitoring system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a ground monitoring device 10, a cloud server 20, a BLE gateway 30 corresponding to a gateway, and a plurality of sensing washers 40.

[0014] In the ground monitoring system of the present embodiment, for example, a plurality of rock bolts 51 are arranged at intervals on the ground 100a around the tunnel or the ground 100b such as the slope-forming ground. A pressure plate 52 is externally inserted and a nut 53 is tightened so as to abut against the bearing surface 101 of the ground 100a or the ground 100b or the like on the protruding portion of each rock bolt 51 protruding from the ground 100a or the ground 100b or the like, and a sensing washer 40 is interposed between each pressure plate 52 and the nut 53. The rock bolts 51 driven and fixed in the ground 100a or the ground 100b or the like resist the ground pushing force F by the axial force T in the tensile direction generated in the rock bolts 51.

[0015] The ground monitoring device 10 receives the individual identification information of the sensing washers 40 installed corresponding to the respective rock bolts 51 and the stress equivalent value detected by the sensing washers 40 or the change amount of the stress equivalent value, and in the area corresponding to the individual identification information of the original terrain data of the ground 100a or the ground 100b or the like, visual identification information corresponding to the degree of each received stress equivalent value or the degree of the change amount of the stress equivalent value is attached to display the ground state. It is composed of, for example, a dedicated server or a personal computer.

[0016] The ground monitoring device 10 includes a control unit 11 such as an MPU or a CPU, a storage unit 12 composed of an HDD, an SSD, a flash memory, an EEPROM, a ROM, a RAM, etc., an input unit 13 such as a mouse, a keyboard, a touch panel, etc., a display unit 14 such as a display, and a communication interface 15 for communicatively connecting the ground monitoring device 10 to the cloud server 20, and a timer 16.

[0017] The storage unit 12 has a control program storage unit 121 in which a predetermined control program including an image generation program for displaying the ground state by attaching visual identification information corresponding to the degree of each stress equivalent value or the degree of change in the stress equivalent value to the area corresponding to the individual identification information of each original terrain data is stored. The control unit 11 executes a predetermined process according to the predetermined control program and executes a predetermined process as an image generation unit 111 in cooperation with the image generation program.

[0018] Furthermore, the image generation unit 111 in the present embodiment is configured to execute a process of displaying the ground state with visual identification information as a rotatable three-dimensional model using the predetermined data stored in the storage unit 12. The image generation unit 111 sets a predetermined representative point of the generated three-dimensional model as the origin of the local coordinate system, sets the origin of the local coordinate system to correspond to the origin of the world coordinate system, and displays the three-dimensional model with visual identification information so as to rotate in response to the input from the input unit 13.

[0019] The storage unit 12 has an original terrain data storage unit 122 for storing original terrain data such as the ground 100a or the ground 100b. The original terrain data storage unit 122 stores the original terrain data, stores the installation positions of the respective sensing washers 40 installed on the ground 100a or the ground 100b, etc. corresponding to the original terrain data in correspondence with the individual identification information of the respective sensing washers 40, and stores the area or range to which visual identification information is attached corresponding to the installation positions of the respective sensing washers 40.

[0020] The memory unit 12 stores visual identification information corresponding to the degree of the stress equivalent value or the degree of the change in the stress equivalent value loaded on the sensing washer 40 by the ground pressing force F in the fastened state, or stores visual identification information corresponding to the degree of the axial force T of the rock bolt 51 converted from the degree of the stress equivalent value by the control unit 11 or the degree of the change in the axial force T of the rock bolt 51 converted from the degree of the change in the stress equivalent value by the control unit 11, and has a visual identification information storage unit 123. The visual identification information storage unit 123 stores visual identification information in the form of the density D1 of the color C1 corresponding to a specific numerical range, for example, when the degree of the stress equivalent value or the degree of the change in the stress equivalent value is within a specific numerical range. The visual identification information is preferably data such as different colors, different patterns, different densities, or combinations of two or more of these.

[0021] The sensing washer 40 includes an insulating casing 41 having a substantially disc shape with an opening formed at the center, a ring-shaped strain generating body 42 disposed at the opening of the casing 41, and a strain sensor 43 fixed to the side surface of the strain generating body 42, and further includes a control unit 44, a memory unit 45 composed of a flash memory, an EEPROM, etc., a BLE communication unit 46 which is a communication module that executes BLE communication corresponding to the communication unit, and a built-in battery 47 that supplies driving power to the control unit 44.

[0022] The sensing washer 40 is disposed between the bearing plate 52 and the nut 53 screwed onto the threaded portion of the rock bolt 51 so that the rock bolt 51 is inserted through the central hole of the strain generating body 42, and is installed such that stress due to the ground pressing force F is loaded on the strain generating body 42 in the fastened state of the nut 53 and the bearing plate 52.

[0023] The control unit 44 has a sensing control unit 441 responsible for sensing control based on the detection value of the strain sensor 43 and a communication control unit 442 responsible for communication control of BLE communication. A sensing control program for sensing control and a communication control program for communication control are stored in the control program storage unit 451 of the memory unit 45. Individual identification information of the sensing washer 40 is stored in the individual identification information storage unit 452 of the memory unit 45.

[0024] The sensing control unit 441 executes sensing processing at a predetermined time, such as every 6 hours or every 24 hours, or periodically, and the communication control unit 442 transmits predetermined data to the BLE gateway 30 in response to the execution of the sensing processing, and transmits the predetermined data to the cloud server 20 via the BLE gateway 30.

[0025] In the sensing process of the sensing control unit 441, for example, a resistance value detected by the strain sensor 43 corresponding to the deformation of the strain sensor 42 as a stress equivalent value is obtained from the strain sensor 43 capable of detecting a stress equivalent value of the stress applied to the strain sensor 42, and temporarily stored in the processing data storage unit 453 of the memory unit 43. Then, the communication control unit 442 transmits the individual identification information read from the individual identification information storage unit 452 and the resistance value detected by the strain sensor 43 temporarily stored in the processing data storage unit 453 to the cloud server 20 via the BLE gateway 30.

[0026] As another example of sensing processing by the sensing control unit 441, for example, a resistance value detected by the strain sensor 43 corresponding to the deformation of the strain body 42 as a stress equivalent value is obtained from the strain sensor 43 capable of detecting a stress equivalent value of the stress applied to the strain body 42, an amount of change in the current resistance value relative to the previous resistance value temporarily stored in the processing data storage unit 453 in the previous sensing processing is calculated, and the calculated amount of change in the resistance value is temporarily stored in the processing data storage unit 453 of the memory unit 43. Then, the communication control unit 442 transmits the individual identification information read out from the individual identification information storage unit 452 and the amount of change in the resistance value detected by the strain sensor 43 temporarily stored in the processing data storage unit 453 to the cloud server 20 via the BLE gateway 30.

[0027] The cloud server 20 stores and accumulates in a predetermined storage area by associating the individual identification information of each sensing washer 40 received from each sensing washer 40 via the BLE gateway 30 with the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value corresponding thereto for each with the date and time. When the sensing washer 40 transmits the resistance value detected by the strain sensor 43 as the stress equivalent value, the cloud server 20 stores the individual identification information of each sensing washer 40 and the resistance value corresponding thereto in association with the reception date and time. Further, when the sensing washer 40 transmits the change amount of the resistance value of the strain sensor 43 as the change amount of the stress equivalent value, the cloud server 20 stores the individual identification information of each sensing washer 40 and the change amount of the resistance value corresponding thereto in association with the reception date and time.

[0028] The control unit 11 of the ground monitoring device 10 measures the predetermined period stored in the predetermined storage area of the storage unit 12 with the timer 16, and from the cloud server 20 every predetermined period, the individual identification information of each sensing washer 40 corresponding to the predetermined date and time stored in the cloud server 20 and the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value corresponding thereto are received and taken in, and the axial force T of the rock bolt 51 converted from the stress equivalent value corresponding thereto or the change amount of the axial force T of the rock bolt 51 converted from the change amount of the stress equivalent value is calculated.

[0029] Then, the control unit 11 of the ground monitoring device 10 extracts from the original terrain data storage unit 122 the installation position of each sensing washer 40 corresponding to the individual identification information of each sensing washer 40 and the area to which visual identification information is attached corresponding to the installation position, and directly or indirectly corresponds to the degree of the stress equivalent value or the degree of the change amount of the stress equivalent value applied to each sensing washer 40. The visual identification information is extracted from the visual identification information storage unit 123, and the visual identification information is attached to each area to which the visual identification information is attached corresponding to each installation position in the original terrain data such as the ground 100a or the ground 100b, and the ground state is displayed as a rotatable three-dimensional model (see FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b)).

[0030] The change over time of the axial force calculated from the stress equivalent value of the sensing washer 40 attached to each individual rock bolt 51 changes due to changes in the ground condition or the like as shown in FIG. 6, but this merely shows what axial force is generated in a specific rock bolt 51 at the installation location of the specific rock bolt 51. However, the ground monitoring system of the present embodiment integrates the stress equivalent values or axial forces detected by the individual sensing washers 40 based on the topography of the target ground and the arrangement of the plurality of rock bolts 51, and integrates the stress conditions of the plurality of sensing washers 40, thereby estimating what internal stress state the ground 100a or the ground 100b etc. is presenting, and can display this as a three-dimensional model of the ground state with visual identification information attached.

[0031] According to the ground monitoring system of the present embodiment, not only the surface portions of the grounds 100a, 100b etc. but also the stress state inside the ground corresponding to the lengths of the plurality of rock bolts 51 embedded in the grounds 100a, 100b etc. can be reflected in the ground state, and the change in the stress state inside the ground over a wide range can be monitored. Also, by attaching visual identification information corresponding to the degree of each stress equivalent value or the degree of the change amount of the stress equivalent value to the region corresponding to the individual identification information of each sensing washer 40 in the original terrain data and displaying the ground state, a display of the ground state that is easily visually recognizable by the monitor performing the monitoring can be performed. Further, at the site where the rock bolts 51 are driven into the grounds 100a, 100b etc., since there is no need to install large-scale measuring instruments and the sensing washer 40 can be installed as the washer interposed between the bearing plate 52 and the nut 53, the construction cost can be reduced.

[0032] In addition, by setting the visual identification information as different colors, different patterns, different densities, or a combination of two or more of these, it is possible to display the ground state in a manner that is very easy for the monitoring observer to visually recognize. Also, by displaying the ground state as a rotatable three-dimensional model, it becomes possible to monitor the ground state in all directions, enabling the observer to more accurately grasp the ground state.

[0033] In addition, each sensing washer 40 having a built-in battery 47 detects a stress equivalent value or a change amount of the stress equivalent value at predetermined time intervals, and transmits the individual identification information and the detected stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value to the cloud server 20 via the BLE gateway 30. The cloud server 20 stores the individual identification information and the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value of each received sensing washer 40 in association with the date and time. The ground monitoring device 10 receives the individual identification information, the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value, and the corresponding date and time of each sensing washer 40 from the cloud server 20. With this configuration, it is not necessary to install the ground monitoring device 10 at the site where the rock bolt 51 is installed, and the change in the stress state inside the ground can be continuously monitored by the ground monitoring device 10 installed at a remote location. Also, since all that is required to be newly installed at the site for uploading to the cloud server 20 is the BLE gateway 30 that communicates with a plurality of sensing washers 40, construction can be carried out in a space-saving and low-cost manner.

[0034] In addition, by using the BLE communication unit 46 as the communication unit of the sensing washer 40 and the BLE gateway 30 as the gateway, it is possible to reliably receive the transmission data of a plurality of sensing washers 40 installed over a wider range and upload it to the cloud server 20. Also, with the BLE communication method, the power consumption required for communication can be reduced, extending the life of the built-in battery 47, and improving the efficiency of maintenance work and reducing maintenance costs.

[0035] 〔Scope of the Invention Disclosed in This Specification〕 In addition to each invention and embodiment listed as inventions, the invention disclosed in this specification includes, within the applicable scope, those obtained by modifying some of these contents and specifying them in terms of other contents disclosed in this specification, or by adding other contents disclosed in this specification to these contents and specifying them, or by deleting some of these contents to the extent that partial operational effects can be obtained and generalizing them to a higher concept. And the invention disclosed in this specification also includes the following contents and variations.

[0036] For example, in the ground monitoring system of the above embodiment, the configuration is such that predetermined data of the individual identification information and the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value are periodically transmitted from the sensing washer 40 side to the cloud server 20 via the BLE gateway 30. However, in response to a transmission request from the cloud server 20 or in response to a transmission request from the BLE gateway 30, the sensing washer 40 may be configured to transmit these predetermined data to the cloud server 20 via the BLE gateway 30.

[0037] Also, a correction sensor such as a temperature sensor is installed in the BLE gateway 30 or the sensing washer 40 installed at the site, and correction data such as on-site temperature data is transmitted to the cloud server 20 together with the data of the individual identification information and the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value of the sensing washer 40. The cloud server 20 stores the individual identification information of each sensing washer 40 and the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value corresponding thereto in correspondence with the date and time and the correction data. The ground monitoring device 10 receives and incorporates these stored data of the cloud server 20, calculates the axial force T of the rock bolt 51 corrected with correction data such as temperature data or the change amount of the axial force T of the rock bolt 51, and directly or indirectly corresponds to the degree of the correction value by the correction data of the stress equivalent value or the degree of the correction value by the correction data of the change amount of the stress equivalent value. Visual identification information may be extracted from the visual identification information storage unit 123, and the ground state may be displayed as a rotatable three-dimensional model with visual identification information attached to each predetermined area.

[0038] In addition, in the ground monitoring system of the present invention, the ground monitoring device is configured to directly receive from the sensing washer the individual identification information of the sensing washer installed corresponding to each rock bolt and the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value, or to receive it via a gateway such as the BLE gateway 30.

Industrial Applicability

[0039] The present invention can be used, for example, when monitoring the deformation of tunnel ground or inclined ground.

Explanation of Signs

[0040] 10…Ground monitoring device 11…Control unit 111…Image generation unit 12…Storage unit 121…Control program storage unit 122…Original terrain data storage unit 123…Visual identification information storage unit 13…Input unit 14…Display unit 15…Communication interface 16…Timer 20…Cloud server 30…BLE gateway 40…Sensing washer 41…Casing 42…Strain body 43…Strain sensor 44…Control unit 441…Sensing control unit 442…Communication control unit 45…Storage unit 451…Control program storage unit 452…Individual identification information storage unit 453…Processed data storage unit 46…BLE communication unit 47…Built-in battery 51…Rock bolt 52…Bearing plate 53…Nut 100a, 100b…Ground 101…Bearing surface F…Ground pressing force T…Axial force of rock bolt

Claims

1. A plurality of rock bolts arranged at intervals are driven into the ground, a bearing plate is extrapolated and a nut is tightened at the protruding portion of each of the rock bolts protruding from the ground, a sensing washer capable of detecting a stress equivalent value or a change amount of the stress equivalent value loaded by the extrusion of the ground in the fastened state is interposed between the bearing plate and the nut, the sensing washer has a control unit, a storage unit for storing the individual identification information of the sensing washer, and a communication unit, and transmits the individual identification information of the sensing washer and the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value, a ground monitoring device receives the individual identification information of the sensing washer installed corresponding to each of the rock bolts and the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value, A ground monitoring system, characterized in that visual identification information corresponding to the degree of each of the stress equivalent values, or the degree of the corrected value of the stress equivalent value, or the degree of the change amount of the stress equivalent value, or the degree of the corrected value of the change amount of the stress equivalent value is attached to the area corresponding to each of the individual identification information of the original terrain data to display the ground state.

2. The ground monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the visual identification information is different colors or different patterns or different densities or a combination of two or more of these, and the ground state is displayed as a rotatable three-dimensional model.

3. Each of the sensing washers having a built-in battery detects the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value every predetermined time, and transmits the individual identification information and the detected stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value to a cloud server via a gateway, the cloud server stores the individual identification information of each of the received sensing washers and the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value in association with the date and time, The ground monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ground monitoring device receives the individual identification information of each of the sensing washers, the stress equivalent value or the change amount of the stress equivalent value, and the corresponding date and time from the cloud server.

4. The ground monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that the communication unit of the sensing washer is a BLE communication unit and the gateway is a BLE gateway.

Images