Bridge erection method, bridge, and girder module for bridge

Abstract

To provide: a bridge erection method which can erect a bridge quickly without necessary for an arrangement for moving a bridge girder in a delivering direction; a bridge; and a girder module for the bridge.SOLUTION: A main girder 11 of a bridge body 10 is formed by coupling multiple girder modules 12 with a predefined length that are provided with wheels 13 travelable on the ground surface in a bridge axial direction at an erection site. Since the bridge body 10 is delivered from a bridging origin in the bridge axial direction and bridged to a bridging destination while traveling it with the wheels 13, the bridge body 10 can be delivered by traveling it directly on the ground surface even if a yard arrangement for moving the bridge body 10 in a delivering direction with a carriage is not provided at a site. Therefore, since carrying-in and assembling of materials used for the yard arrangement is not necessary to be able to reduce a construction period, an emergency bridge can be erected quickly.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 9

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a bridge erection method, a bridge, and a bridge girder module for erecting an emergency bridge installed, for example, during a disaster or the like.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, for example, when existing bridges are damaged due to floods caused by heavy rain or large earthquakes, traffic is blocked until restoration, greatly affecting the lives of local residents and the like. In addition, although it takes a long time to rebuild or repair bridges, leaving traffic blocked will impede rescue operations and the transportation of supplies.

[0003] Therefore, it is desired as one of the disaster countermeasures to construct an emergency bridge that can be erected in a short period of time and temporarily enable traffic.

[0004] As a method for erecting such an emergency bridge, for example, like the conventional pushing-out method, by pushing out the bridge girder in the bridge axis direction from the spanning source and spanning it to the spanning destination, it becomes possible to perform construction at a site where it is impossible to arrange temporary girders, cranes, etc. under the girder like in a river section.

[0005] As a conventional pushing-out method, an outrigger extending in the bridge axis direction is attached to the tip of the bridge girder in the pushing-out direction, and while pushing out the bridge girder using equipment such as a jack, the tip side of the outrigger body is supported by a pushing-out device installed on the abutment or pier, and the bridge girder is sent out toward the spanning destination (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0007] In the above-described delivery method, since a dedicated yard facility is installed at the delivery source, and the bridge girder is placed on a carriage provided on the yard facility and made to travel in the bridge axis direction, a step of installing the yard facility is required before the step of delivering the bridge girder. However, since an emergency bridge requires prompt erection, if time is spent on the step of installing the yard facility, there is a problem that the completion of the emergency bridge will be delayed.

[0008] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a bridge erection method, a bridge, and a bridge girder module for a bridge that do not require facilities for moving the bridge girder in the delivery direction and can promptly erect a bridge.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a bridge erection method for sending a bridge body including main girders in the bridge axis direction from the spanning source to the spanning destination and spanning the spanning destination, wherein a plurality of girder modules having a predetermined length provided with wheels capable of traveling on the ground are connected in the bridge axis direction at the erection site to form the main girder of the bridge body, and the bridge body is sent in the bridge axis direction from the spanning source to the spanning destination while being made to travel on the wheels.

[0010] Thereby, a plurality of girder modules are connected in the bridge axis direction at the erection site to form the main girder of the bridge body, and by sending the bridge body in the bridge axis direction from the spanning source while making the bridge body travel on the wheels, the bridge body is spanned to the spanning destination. Therefore, it is possible to directly send the bridge body by traveling on the ground without providing a yard facility for moving the bridge body in the delivery direction by a carriage at the site. Further, since the main girder can be formed by combining the same length of girder modules in a number corresponding to the length of the main girder, it is possible to promptly start work by transporting the prefabricated girder modules to the site at the time of a disaster.

Effects of the Invention

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to directly run on the ground to send out the bridge body without providing yard facilities for moving the bridge body in the feeding direction by a carriage at the site. Therefore, the transportation and assembly of materials used for the yard facilities are unnecessary, and the construction period can be shortened, and an emergency bridge can be quickly installed. As a result, even when the existing bridge girder is damaged due to, for example, a flood caused by heavy rain or a major earthquake, an emergency bridge can be quickly installed to restore traffic, contributing to the implementation of disaster countermeasures such as rescue activities and material transportation. At that time, since each girder module can run alone, the movement and connection work of the girder module at the site can be easily performed. In addition, by transporting the prefabricated girder modules to the site at the time of a disaster, construction can start promptly, so the preparation period can be significantly shortened without individually designing the bridge girder, enabling the rapid installation of an emergency bridge.

Brief Description of Drawings

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Embodiment for Implementing the Invention

[0013] FIGS. 1 to 9 show the first embodiment of the present invention, and show a bridge erection method for erecting an emergency bridge installed, for example, during a disaster or the like.

[0014] The emergency bridge shown in the figure consists of a bridge body 10 spanning an existing abutment 1 and a plurality of floor slab panels 20 placed in the bridge axis direction on the bridge girder 2. The bridge body 10 is provided with a pair of main girders 11 arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. In this embodiment, for example, a situation is shown where the bridge girder is damaged due to a disaster or the like and only the abutment 1 remains.

[0015] The main girder 11 consists of a plurality of girder modules 12 that can be connected to each other in the bridge axis direction, and the girder module 12 is provided with wheels 13 that can run on the ground.

[0016] Each girder module 12 is formed in a plate girder shape from steel materials consisting of an upper flange 12a, a lower flange 12b, and a web 12c, and is each formed to have a predetermined length (for example, 10 m). Each girder module 12 is configured to have its longitudinal ends connected to each other by a connecting plate 12d, and the connecting plate 12d is fastened to the girder module 12 by bolts and nuts (not shown). Among each girder module 12, notch portions 12e are provided on the end sides of the girder modules 12 arranged at both ends (the head and the tail) in the bridge axis direction so that a part of the lower surface (lower flange 12b) of the girder module 12 is higher than other parts as shown in FIG. 2. The notch portion 12e is formed such that the lower flange 12b on the end side in the bridge axis direction is parallel to the upper flange 12a and is formed to have a downward slope in a direction opposite to the end side.

[0017] The wheels 13 are respectively arranged at two longitudinal positions of the girder module 12, and are provided in pairs in the width direction on the lower flange 12b of the girder module 12. Each wheel 13 is arranged on the side of the lower flange 12b, and is respectively attached to both ends of the axle 13a. The axle 13a is rotatably supported by a bearing 13b provided on the lower surface of the lower flange 12b. A reinforcing plate 13c is provided above the bearing 13b, and the reinforcing plate 13c is fixed to the upper surface of the lower flange 12b and the side surface of the web 12c.

[0018] Next, the bridge erection method of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9(A) to 9(E).

[0019] First, a plurality of girder modules 12 are carried into the erection site, and a bridge body 10 with a length corresponding to the span length of each pier 1 (for example, 50 m) is assembled. In the case of the present embodiment, the girder modules 12 of the pier are connected to form one main girder 11, and the pair of main girders 11 are connected by a plurality of cross girders 14 at intervals in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis to form the bridge body 10.

[0020] Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 9(A), a hand-extending machine 15 is attached to the tip of each main girder 11, and the bridge body 10 is placed at the bridging source. At this time, a hanging device 16 for lifting and lowering the bridge body 10 is installed on the hand-extending machine 15. The hand-extending machine 15 is composed of a truss-shaped steel structure extending in the bridge axis direction, and is connected to the main girder 11 so that its lower surface is flush with the lower surface of the bridge body 10.

[0021] Next, as shown in FIG. 9(B), a rear girder 17 is arranged behind the bridge body 10, and the rear girder 17 is connected to the rear end of each main girder 11. The rear girder 17 is formed by connecting a plurality of girder modules 12, and the number of girder modules 12 corresponding to the size of the backyard is used for the rear girder 17. At this time, when the length of the rear girder 17 is shorter than that of the main girder 11, a counterweight (not shown) is placed on the rear girder 17 to increase the weight of the rear girder 17. Note that a floor slab panel 20 may be used instead of the counterweight. In addition, a hanging device 16 for lifting and lowering the bridge body 10 is installed on the rear girder 17.

[0022] Thereafter, by pushing the rear end of the rear girder 17 with the heavy machine 2, the bridge body 10 is sent out toward the spanning destination while running on each wheel 13. After the outrigger 15 of the bridge body 10 reaches the spanning destination as shown in Fig. 9(C), the outrigger 15 is supported by the gantry 3 installed at the spanning destination.

[0023] Next, as shown in Fig. 9(D), the bridge body 10 is lifted from the outrigger 15 and the rear girder 17 onto each abutment 1 by each suspension device 16. At this time, the notch 12e of the girder module 12 is supported by the abutment 1.

[0024] Thereafter, as shown in Fig. 9(E), by placing the floor slab panel 20 on the bridge body 10, the erection of the emergency bridge is completed. At this time, the floor slab panel 20 is installed on the bridge body 10 from the spanning origin using a crane truck not shown, and the crane truck is driven onto the installed floor slab panel 20 to perform the installation work, whereby the floor slab panel 20 is sequentially installed up to the spanning destination. Note that the floor slab panel 20 may be a steel cladding plate (off-the-shelf product) or may be made of precast concrete.

[0025] As described above, according to the present embodiment, a plurality of girder modules 12 of a predetermined length provided with wheels 13 capable of running on the ground are connected in the bridge axis direction at the erection site to form the main girder 11 of the bridge body 10, and the bridge body 10 is sent out in the bridge axis direction from the spanning origin while running on the wheels 13 and spanned to the spanning destination. Therefore, even if yard facilities for moving the bridge body 10 in the sending direction by a trolley are not provided at the site, the bridge body 10 can be sent out by directly running on the ground. As a result, the construction period can be shortened by eliminating the need to carry in and assemble materials used for the yard facilities, and thus the emergency bridge can be erected promptly. At this time, since each girder module 12 can run alone, the movement and connection work of the girder module 12 at the site can be easily performed.

[0026] Accordingly, even if, for example, existing bridge girders are damaged due to floods caused by heavy rain or large earthquakes, an emergency bridge can be quickly erected to restore traffic, thus contributing to disaster countermeasures such as rescue operations and material transportation.

[0027] In addition, since a plurality of girder modules 12 of a predetermined length are connected in the bridge axis direction at the site, the main girder 11 can be formed by combining the girder modules 12 of the same length in the number corresponding to the length of the main girder 11. Accordingly, since the general-purpose girder modules 12 prefabricated in advance can be transported to the site at the time of a disaster and construction can be started promptly, the preparation period can be significantly shortened without designing the bridge girder individually, and rapid erection of the emergency bridge becomes possible.

[0028] In addition, when using an existing bridge abutment, there may be a case where a multiple of the length of the girder module 12 does not match the bay length. In that case, only the girder module 12 with the fractional length can be separately manufactured, or the length can be changed by cutting the ready-made girder module 12, so that the length of the main girder can be adjusted to match the bay length of the bridge abutment.

[0029] In addition, in this embodiment, a hand-extending machine 15 extending in the bridge axis direction is attached to the tip of the main girder 11, and the main girder 11 is sent out and the hand-extending machine 15 is supported at the spanning destination. Therefore, the bending moment generated in the main girder 11 during the sending-out process can be reduced, and the deflection due to the dead weight of the main girder 11 can be reduced.

[0030] Furthermore, since a rear girder 17 extending in the bridge axis direction is connected to the rear end in the sending-out direction of the main girder 11, the main girder 11 can be sent out to the spanning destination in a cantilever state while being supported by the rear girder 17. At that time, if the floor slab panel 20 for placing on the main girder 11 is temporarily placed on the rear girder 17, the floor slab panel 20 can be used as a counterweight, and the weight of the rear girder 17 can be increased without preparing a dedicated counterweight.

[0031] In addition, since the rear digits 17 are formed by a plurality of digit modules 12, all the digit modules 12 can be used for the main digits 11 and the rear digits 17. As a result, there is no need to prepare a dedicated rear digit, and the types of members used for the erection of the emergency bridge can be reduced.

[0032] Furthermore, since the main girder 11 is sent out by pushing the main girder 11 with the heavy machine 2, driving equipment such as a hydraulic jack for moving the main girder 11 is not required, and the equipment to be carried into the site can be reduced. As the heavy machine 2, for example, a small bulldozer or the like used for site leveling or the like can be used.

[0033] Also, in the present embodiment, for example, by forming one digit module 12 to have a length dimension L of 10 m and a height dimension H of about 1.8 m, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, for example, two digit modules 12 can be accommodated side by side in a container 4 composed of an ISO standard 40-foot container (inner length L1 is 11,998 mm, width W2 is 2,330 mm, height H1 is 2,350 mm). As a result, sea transportation by a container ship becomes possible, so that transportation to remote areas or island regions can be easily performed, and a wide range of responses can be made in the event of a disaster.

[0034] Note that in the above embodiment, the one in which the hand-extending machine 15 and the rear digits 17 are connected to the main girder 11 is shown, but the present invention can also be applied when the hand-extending machine 15 or the rear digits 17 are not used.

[0035] Also, in the above embodiment, the digit modules 12 having the notch portions 12e are arranged at both ends in the bridge axis direction of the main girder 11, but the main girder 11 may be formed only by the digit modules 12 not having the notch portions 12e.

[0036] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the digit module 12 is shown to be formed in an I-shaped plate girder shape, but it may be formed in a box girder shape.

[0037] In addition, the present invention can be applied not only to emergency bridges but also to the construction of bridges as permanent bridges.

[0038] Figs. 10(A) to 10(E) show a second embodiment of the present invention, and components equivalent to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0039] In the first embodiment, it was shown that the bridge body 10 was installed on the existing bridge abutment 1. However, in this embodiment, for example, the bridge body 10 is directly installed on the ground 5 such as the riverbank. Note that the installation steps shown in Figs. 10(A) to 10(E) are the same as those in the first embodiment and thus the description thereof is omitted.

[0040] According to this embodiment, since the bridge body 10 is directly installed on the ground 5, it is possible to construct a bridge at any location regardless of the presence or absence of an existing bridge. At this time, since the notch portion 12e of the girder module 12 is formed to have a downward slope toward the side opposite to the tip side of the main girder 11, the notch portion 12e can be arranged along the slope of the ground 5, and the interference between the main girder 11 and the ground 5 can be reduced.

[0041] Figs. 11(A) to 11(E) show a third embodiment of the present invention, and components equivalent to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0042] In the first embodiment, it was shown that the bridge body 10 was installed on the existing bridge abutment 1. However, in this embodiment, for example, a concrete block 6 serving as a substitute for the bridge abutment is installed on the ground such as the riverbank, and the bridge body 10 is installed on the block 6. Note that the installation steps shown in Figs. 11(A) to 11(E) are the same as those in the first embodiment and thus the description thereof is omitted.

[0043] According to this embodiment, since the block 6 is installed on the ground and the bridge body 10 is installed thereon, the bridge body 10 can be stably installed on the block 6 even when the ground at the installation site is unstable.

[0044] Figures 12(A) to 12(C) show the fourth to sixth embodiments of the present invention, and components equivalent to those in the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0045] In the first to third embodiments, it is shown that the heavy machine 2 is used to push and send out the bridge body 10. However, in this embodiment, a wire 7 having one end connected to the tip of the hand extensor 15 is wound around the pulley 8 at the spanning destination, and the other end of the wire 7 is pulled by the heavy machine 2 at the spanning origin to send out the bridge body 10 toward the spanning destination.

[0046] Note that Fig. 12(A) shows the case where the sending-out process of the first embodiment in Fig. 9 is replaced with the fourth embodiment, Fig. 12(B) shows the case where the sending-out process of the second embodiment in Fig. 10 is replaced with the fifth embodiment, and Fig. 12(C) shows the case where the sending-out process of the third embodiment in Fig. 11 is replaced with the sixth embodiment.

[0047] As described above, according to the fourth to sixth embodiments, since the bridge body 10 is sent out in such a manner that the tip side is pulled toward the pulley 8 at the spanning destination by the wire 7, the bridge body 10 can always be sent out toward the arrival point at the spanning destination, and the sending-out operation can be easily performed.

[0048] Note that in the fourth to sixth embodiments, it is shown that the wire 7 is pulled by the heavy machine 2 at the spanning origin in the direction opposite to the sending-out direction of the bridge body 10. However, the heavy machine 2 may be arranged at the spanning destination, and the wire 7 may be pulled by the heavy machine 2 in the sending-out direction of the bridge body 10.

[0049] Moreover, the first to sixth embodiments are examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to those described in the respective embodiments.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0050] 1... abutment, 2... heavy machine, 9... wire, 3... abutment, 5... ground, 6... block, 7... wire, 10... bridge body, 11... main girder, 12... girder module, 15... hand extensor, 17... rear girder, 20... floor slab panel.

Claims

1. In a bridge erection method in which the bridge body, including the main girders, is sent out in the direction of the bridge axis from the bridge source and placed on the bridge destination, The main girder of the bridge body is formed by connecting multiple girder modules of a predetermined length, each equipped with wheels capable of traveling on the ground, in the bridge axis direction at the construction site. The bridge structure is moved along the bridge axis from the bridgehead to the bridgehead while being propelled by wheels, and then placed on the bridgehead. A bridge construction method characterized by the following features.

2. A hand-launching machine extending in the direction of the bridge axis is attached to the leading end of the bridge structure in the launching direction. The bridge structure is sent out and the hand-operated bridge truss is supported at the bridge's destination. The bridge erection method according to feature 1.

3. The bridge body is launched by connecting a rear girder extending in the bridge axis direction to the rear end of the bridge body in the launching direction. The bridge erection method according to feature 1.

4. The rear girder is formed by connecting a plurality of the girder modules in the bridge axis direction. The bridge erection method according to feature 3.

5. The deck panels to be placed on the bridge structure are temporarily placed on the rear girder, and the bridge structure is then launched. The bridge erection method according to feature 3.

6. The bridge structure is propelled by being pushed with heavy machinery. The bridge erection method according to feature 1.

7. A wire, with one end connected to the tip of the bridge structure, is wrapped around the bridge platform, and the other end of the wire is pulled by heavy machinery to launch the bridge structure. The bridge erection method according to feature 1.

8. In a bridge constructed by extending the bridge body, including the main girders, from the bridge source in the direction of the bridge axis and then placing it across to the bridge destination, The bridge comprises a plurality of girder modules that are connected to each other in the bridge axis direction to form the main girder of the bridge body, Each girder module is equipped with wheels that allow it to travel on the ground in the direction of the bridge axis. A bridge characterized by the following features.

9. A girder module used in a bridge constructed by extending the bridge body, including the main girder, from the bridge source in the direction of the bridge axis and then placing it across to the bridge destination, It is configured to be able to form the main girder of the bridge body by being connected to other girder modules in the bridge axis direction, Wheels capable of traveling on the ground in the direction of the bridge axis are provided. A bridge girder module characterized by the following features.

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