Information processing system

Abstract

To effectively satisfy the requirement of a planned power amount within a range for making a power facility's response effectively possible.SOLUTION: An information processing system 40 is a system for calculating a planned value of power to be exchanged between a resource 22 and a power system 10, and includes: a plan acquisition unit that acquires a planned power amount in each of a plurality of time periods; and a planned value calculation unit that calculates, for each of the plurality of time periods, a time series of a planned value P of the time period such that a constraint condition regarding operation of the resource 22 is satisfied and an integrated value of the planned value P of the time period matches the planned power amount of the time period.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a technology for managing power equipment that transfers power to and from a power grid. [Background technology]

[0002] Various techniques have been proposed for controlling power facilities such as power storage devices or hydrogen production devices. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for generating an operation plan for a hydrogen energy control system based on a target hydrogen production amount and a charging request. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2020 / 121441 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] As electric power equipment that transfers electric power to and from an electric power grid, there are equipment that can respond quickly to command values, such as power storage devices, and equipment that has difficulty responding quickly, such as hydrogen production devices. For example, in a configuration in which the planned value of electric power in the electric power equipment is set for each time period according to the amount of electric power (kWh) planned for each time period of about 30 minutes, the electric power equipment may not be able to follow the steep fluctuation of the planned value. In consideration of the above circumstances, one aspect of the present disclosure aims to effectively satisfy the request for the planned amount of electric power within a range to which the electric power equipment can effectively respond. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, an information processing system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is a system that calculates planned values ​​of power to be exchanged between a first power equipment and a power grid, and includes a plan acquisition unit that acquires planned power amounts for each of a plurality of time periods, and a planned value calculation unit that calculates a time series of the planned values ​​for each of the plurality of time periods so as to satisfy constraints on the operation of the first power equipment and so that an accumulated value of the planned values ​​for each time period matches the planned power amount for that time period. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0006] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a power management system. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power plan. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a reference value plan. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the control system. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an information processing system. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of an information processing system. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the maximum value of the terminal plan value when the plan value increases from the starting end plan value. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram regarding the minimum value of the terminal plan value when the plan value increases from the starting end plan value. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the maximum value of the terminal plan value when the plan value decreases from the starting end plan value. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the minimum value of the terminal plan value when the plan value decreases from the starting end plan value. [Figure 11] 13 is a flowchart of a planning process. [Figure 12] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram regarding changes in planned values ​​in each time period. [Figure 13] 13 is a flowchart of a planning process in the second embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a power management system according to a third embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a control system according to a third embodiment. [Figure 16] 13 is a flowchart of a control process in a third embodiment. [Figure 17] FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of a control system in a modified example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0007] An embodiment for carrying out the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiment described below is an exemplary embodiment assumed when carrying out the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiment exemplified below.

[0008] A: First embodiment 1 is a block diagram of a power management system 100 in the first embodiment. The power management system 100 in the first embodiment is a system that transfers power (AC power) to and from a power system 10. The power system 10 is, for example, a power distribution system for supplying power generated by a power generation facility (not shown) such as a thermal power plant or a nuclear power plant to consumers such as business facilities or general households.

[0009] 1, the power management system 100 includes a plurality of power facilities 20, a management system 30, an information processing system 40, and a control system 50. The control system 50 can communicate with each of the power facilities 20 via a communication network (not shown) such as a dedicated line. The management system 30 can also communicate with the information processing system 40 and the control system 50 via a communication network such as a dedicated line.

[0010] Each power facility 20 is a facility that exchanges power with the power system 10, and is connected to the power system 10 at an interconnection point 11. Specifically, the power facility 20 is a facility that performs one or both of the following: supplying power to the power system 10 and consuming power supplied from the power system 10. In the first embodiment, the power facility 20 is exemplified by a power storage system 21 and a resource 22.

[0011] The power storage system 21 exchanges power between the power system 10 and the resources 22. Specifically, the power storage system 21 can discharge power to the power system 10 or the resources 22 and charge power supplied from the power system 10 or the resources 22. The power storage system 21 includes a power storage device 211 and a control device 212. The power storage device 211 is a system power storage device that can be charged and recharged. The control device 212 is a PCS (Power Conditioning System) that controls the charging and discharging of the power storage device 211. Specifically, the control device 212 controls the charging and discharging of the power storage device 211 in accordance with a power command value Vc supplied from the control system 50.

[0012] The resource 22 exchanges power between the power system 10 and the power storage system 21. Specifically, the resource 22 can supply power to the power system 10 or the power storage system 21 and consume power supplied from the power system 10 or the power storage system 21. The resource 22 is, for example, a hydrogen production device, a fuel cell, or a generator (for example, a synchronous generator or a renewable energy generator). The resource 22 may also be, for example, a thermal load in a factory or the like. The resource 22 operates according to a power command value V supplied from the control system 50. Specifically, the resource 22 exchanges power according to the power command value V with the interconnection point 11.

[0013] The resource 22 transmits an actual power value H to the control system 50. The actual power value H is feedback information representing the results of the transfer of power by the resource 22. Specifically, the actual power value H represents, for example, the power actually consumed by the operation of the resource 22.

[0014] The response speed of the power storage system 21 exceeds the response speed of the resource 22. The response speed of each power facility 20 is the speed of change in output power in response to a command value (responsiveness). In other words, the speed at which the output power of the power storage system 21 follows the fluctuation of the power command value Vc exceeds the speed at which the output power of the resource 22 follows the fluctuation of the power command value V.

[0015] The management system 30 is a computer system (EMS: Energy Management System) that generates an electric power plan X. The electric power plan X is a plan for electric power that the power management system 100 transfers between the power system 10 and the electric power system 10, separate from the adjustment capacity in the supply and demand adjustment market.

[0016] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power plan X. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the power plan X is a plan that specifies a planned power amount En (n=1 to N) for each of a plurality (N) of time slots F1 to FN on a time axis. Note that, for convenience, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 illustrate a case where the number of time slots Fn is five (N=5). The planned power amount En is the total amount of electrical energy (kWh) within the time slot Fn. Each time slot Fn (n=1 to N) is a period of a predetermined length (e.g., 30 minutes).

[0017] 1 is a computer system that generates a reference value plan Y from a power plan X generated by the management system 30. The reference value plan Y is a plan for power exchanged between the resource 22 and the power system 10.

[0018] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the reference value plan Y. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the reference value plan Y is a plan that specifies a time series of the planned value P. The planned value P is an instantaneous value (kW) of power exchanged between the resource 22 and the power system 10. The reference value plan Y specifies the planned value P with a period that is sufficiently short compared to the time slot Fn (e.g., 1 second). As described later, the reference value plan Y is generated so that the integrated value Sn of the planned value P in each time slot Fn matches the planned power amount En of the time slot Fn in the power plan X.

[0019] As described above, the information processing system 40 is a system that calculates the planned value P of the power that the power facility 20 (resource 22) exchanges with the power grid 10. The reference value plan Y is transmitted to a supply and demand adjustment market system (not shown), and is also transmitted to the control system 50 for controlling each power facility 20.

[0020] The control system 50 in FIG. 1 is a computer system that controls each power facility 20. The control system 50 receives a reference value plan Y transmitted from the information processing system 40, an actual power value H transmitted from the resource 22, and an adjustment capability command value D transmitted from a central load dispatching center system (intermediate supply system). The adjustment capability command value D is a command value of adjustment capability that is dynamically provided according to the relationship between demand and supply in the supply and demand adjustment market. Note that, although the first embodiment illustrates a configuration in which the adjustment capability command value D is transmitted from an external central load dispatching center system, for example, for adjustment capability that requires self-end control such as primary adjustment capability, the adjustment capability command value D may be generated inside the power management system 100 (for example, the control system 50).

[0021] 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the control system 50. The control system 50 generates a power command value V for the resource 22 and a power command value Vc for the power storage system 21 according to a planned value P of the reference value plan Y, an actual power value H of the resource 22, and an adjustment capability command value D.

[0022] As illustrated in Fig. 4, the control system 50 includes a calculation unit 511 and a calculation unit 512. A planned value P of a reference value plan Y is transmitted to the resource 22 as a power command value V. The calculation unit 511 calculates a difference value (PH) between the planned value P and the power actual value H. As described above, the response speed of the resource 22 is slower than that of the power storage system 21, so the planned value P and the power actual value H do not necessarily match. The difference value (PH) corresponds to a deviation between the planned value P and the power actual value H in a case where the resource 22 cannot follow the reference value plan Y. The calculation unit 512 calculates a power command value Vc for the power storage system 21 by adding the adjustment power command value D and the difference value (PH).

[0023] As described above, in the first embodiment, basically, the resources 22 follow the reference value plan Y, and the power storage system 21 follows the adjustment capability command value D. However, taking into consideration that the power of the interconnection point 11 needs to be maintained at the sum of the reference value plan Y and the adjustment capability command value D while adjustment capability is being provided, and that the power storage system 21 can follow abrupt fluctuations in the power command value V, etc., the power storage system 21 is made to bear the power shortage when the resources 22 cannot follow the reference value plan Y. With the above configuration, it is possible for the power management system 100 as a whole to respond to the adjustment capability command value D while operating the resources 22 according to the reference value plan Y.

[0024] Fig. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the information processing system 40. As illustrated in Fig. 2, the information processing system 40 includes a control device 41, a storage device 42, and a communication device 43. The information processing system 40 may be realized by a single device, or may be realized by a plurality of devices configured separately from each other.

[0025] The control device 41 is composed of one or more processors that control each element of the information processing system 40. Specifically, the control device 41 is composed of one or more types of processors, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0026] The storage device 42 is one or more memories that store the programs executed by the control device 41 and the data used by the control device 41. The storage device 42 is configured with a known recording medium such as a magnetic recording medium or a semiconductor recording medium. The storage device 42 may be configured with a combination of multiple types of recording media. A portable recording medium that is detachable from the information processing system 40 may be used as the storage device 42.

[0027] The communication device 43 communicates with an external device by wire or wirelessly. Specifically, the communication device 43 communicates with the management system 30 and the control system 50. For example, the communication device 43 receives a power plan X transmitted from the management system 30, and transmits a reference value plan Y generated from the power plan X to the control system 50.

[0028] 6 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the information processing system 40. The control device 41 executes a program stored in the storage device 42 to realize a plurality of functions (a plan acquisition unit 61, a plan value calculation unit 62) for generating a reference value plan Y from a power plan X.

[0029] The plan acquisition unit 61 acquires the planned power amount En for each of the N time slots F1 to FN. Specifically, the plan acquisition unit 61 receives a power plan X that specifies the planned power amount En for each time slot Fn, via the communication device 43. Note that the plan acquisition unit 61 may generate the power plan X. In other words, "acquisition" of each planned power amount En includes reception of the planned power amount En from the management system 30 and generation of the planned power amount En by the plan acquisition unit 61.

[0030] The plan value calculation unit 62 generates a reference value plan Y from the power plan X acquired by the plan acquisition unit 61. Specifically, the plan value calculation unit 62 calculates a time series of the plan value P for each of the N time slots F1 to FN. In general, the plan value calculation unit 62 calculates the time series of the plan value P in each time slot Fn according to the planned power amount En so that the integrated value Sn of the plan value P (kW) in each time slot Fn matches the planned power amount En (kWh) of the time slot Fn.

[0031] However, the actual operation of the resource 22 is restricted by various conditions (hereinafter referred to as "constraint conditions") related to the operation of the resource 22. For example, the temporal rate of change α (rate of increase or decrease) of the power value generated by the resource 22 is limited to within a predetermined range. In the first embodiment, the maximum value αmax of the rate of change α of the power value in the resource 22 and the minimum value αmin of the rate of change α are exemplified as constraint conditions. The planned value calculation unit 62 calculates the time series of the planned value P in the time slot Fn so that the constraint conditions of the resource 22 are satisfied for each time slot Fn and the integrated value Sn of the planned value P in the time slot Fn matches the planned power amount En in the time slot Fn.

[0032] The calculation of the time series of the planned value P in any one time slot Fn will be described. As illustrated in Fig. 7 to Fig. 10, a time series is assumed from an initial planned value Pn at the start point of the time slot Fn (hereinafter referred to as "start end planned value") to a planned value Pn+1 at the end point (hereinafter referred to as "terminal end planned value"). The terminal end planned value Pn+1 of the time slot Fn corresponds to the start end planned value Pn+1 of the immediately following time slot Fn+1. In the following description, it is assumed that the start end planned value Pn is known, and attention is focused on the range (hereinafter referred to as "power range R") that the terminal end planned value Pn+1 can take when the integrated value Sn of the planned value P in the time slot Fn matches the planned power amount En.

[0033] In order to make the integrated value Sn of the planned value P in the time slot Fn coincide with the planned power amount En, there are cases where the planned value P needs to be increased from the initial end planned value Pn, and cases where the planned value P needs to be decreased from the initial end planned value Pn. Specifically, if the power amount Pn·Tn is less than the planned power amount En when the planned value P is maintained at the initial end planned value Pn throughout the entire time slot Fn (time length Tn), the planned value P needs to be increased from the initial end planned value Pn in the time slot Fn. On the other hand, if the power amount Pn·Tn is greater than the planned power amount En when the planned value P is maintained at the initial end planned value Pn throughout the entire time slot Fn, the planned value P needs to be decreased from the initial end planned value Pn in the time slot Fn. In Figs. 7 and 8, a case where the planned value P needs to be increased from the initial end planned value Pn is assumed, and in Figs. 9 and 10, a case where the planned value P needs to be decreased from the initial end planned value Pn is assumed.

[0034] FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the maximum value Pmax of the terminal plan value Pn+1 when the plan value P increases from the starting end plan value Pn. Since the starting end plan value Pn and the planned energy En are fixed values, the later the time point tn at which the plan value P starts to increase from the starting end plan value Pn is located in the time slot Fn, the larger the terminal plan value Pn+1 becomes. That is, under the condition that the integrated value Sn of the plan value P in the time slot Fn matches the planned energy En, the terminal plan value Pn+1 becomes the maximum value Pmax when the plan value P increases at a rate of change α of the maximum value αmax from the later time point tn to the end point in the time slot Fn, as shown in the example of FIG. 7. The integrated value Sn in the situation of FIG. 7 is expressed by the following formula (1). In the following formula, the symbol Tn means the time length of the time slot Fn, and the symbol tn means the elapsed time from the start point of the time slot Fn. The time length Tn is common to N time slots F1 to FN. However, each time length Tn may be different for each time slot Fn.

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[0035] In addition, considering that the planned value P changes linearly from the starting planned value Pn to the maximum value Pmax during the period from time tn to the end of the time slot Fn, the following formula (2) is derived.

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[0036] By eliminating the variable tn from equations (1) and (2), the following equation (3) is derived.

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[0037] 8 is an explanatory diagram of the minimum value Pmin of the terminal end plan value Pn+1 when the plan value P increases from the starting end plan value Pn. The following formula (5) is derived by the same procedure as in the explanation of the case of FIG.

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[0038] As explained above, the power range R of the terminal planned value Pn+1 when the planned value P increases from the starting end planned value Pn is the range between the maximum value Pmax of the formula (4) and the minimum value Pmin of the formula (5). That is, the planned value calculation unit 62 sets the power range R (Pmin≦Pn+1≦Pmax) that the terminal planned value Pn+1 of the time slot Fn can take, according to the constraint condition of the resource 22 (the maximum value αmax of the rate of change α) and the planned power amount En in the time slot Fn. Then, the planned value calculation unit 62 calculates the time series of the planned value P in the time slot Fn so that the terminal planned value Pn+1 of the time slot Fn is a numerical value within the power range R.

[0039] Next, FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the maximum value Pmax of the terminal plan value Pn+1 when the plan value P decreases from the starting end plan value Pn. Since the starting end plan value Pn and the planned power amount En are fixed values, the earlier the time point tn at which the plan value P starts to decrease from the starting end plan value Pn is located in the time slot Fn, the larger the terminal plan value Pn+1 becomes. That is, under the condition that the integrated value Sn of the plan value P in the time slot Fn matches the planned power amount En, the terminal plan value Pn+1 becomes the maximum value Pmax when the plan value P decreases from the start point of the time slot Fn to the midpoint time point tn, as shown in the example of FIG. 9, and the plan value P is maintained at the terminal plan value Pn+1 from the time point tn to the end point of the time slot Fn. Therefore, the following formula (6) expressing the maximum value Pmax of the terminal plan value Pn+1 when the plan value P decreases from the starting end plan value Pn is derived by a procedure similar to that of the above-mentioned formula (5).

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[0040] 10 is an explanatory diagram of the minimum value Pmin of the terminal plan value Pn+1 when the plan value P decreases from the starting end plan value Pn. By a procedure similar to that of the above-mentioned formula (4), the following formula (7) is derived, which expresses the minimum value Pmin of the terminal plan value Pn+1 when the plan value P decreases from the starting end plan value Pn.

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[0041] As explained above, the power range R of the terminal planned value Pn+1 when the planned value P decreases from the starting end planned value Pn is the range between the maximum value Pmax of the formula (6) and the minimum value Pmin of the formula (7). That is, the planned value calculation unit 62 sets the power range R (Pmin≦Pn+1≦Pmax) that the terminal planned value Pn+1 of the time slot Fn can take, according to the constraint condition of the resource 22 (the minimum value αmin of the rate of change α) and the planned power amount En in the time slot Fn. Then, the planned value calculation unit 62 calculates the time series of the planned value P in the time slot Fn so that the terminal planned value Pn+1 of the time slot Fn is a numerical value within the power range R.

[0042] According to the above configuration, the time series of the planned value P in the time slot Fn is calculated so that the termination planned value Pn+1 in each time slot Fn is a numerical value within the power range R. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the planned value P that allows the resource 22 to respond effectively over the entire time slot Fn from the start point to the end point.

[0043] In addition, when the maximum value Pmax of the formula (4) exceeds the maximum value of the power value of the resource 22 (hereinafter referred to as "maximum power"), the control device 41 may set the maximum power as the maximum value of the power range R (the maximum value Pmax of the termination plan value Pn+1). Similarly, when the minimum value Pmin of the formula (7) is below the minimum value of the power value of the resource 22 (hereinafter referred to as "minimum power"), the control device 41 may set the minimum power as the minimum value of the power range R (the minimum value Pmin of the termination plan value Pn+1). According to the above configuration, the power range R can be set within a range in which the resource 22 can respond. As illustrated above, the maximum or minimum value of the power value in the power equipment 20 (e.g., the resource 22) is an example of a constraint condition regarding the operation of the power equipment 20, similar to the maximum value αmax and minimum value αmin of the rate of change α.

[0044] 11 is a flowchart of a process (hereinafter referred to as "planning process") executed by the control device 41. For example, the planning process is executed every time the power plan X is updated. When the planning process is started, the control device 41 (plan acquisition unit 61) acquires the power plan X from the management system 30 (Sa1). Specifically, the control device 41 receives the power plan X transmitted from the management system 30 via the communication device 43.

[0045] The control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) selects the first time slot F1 of the N time slots F1 to FN (Sa2). The control device 41 sets a starting end planned value P1 for the time slot F1 (Sa3). The method of setting the starting end planned value P1 is arbitrary. For example, the control device 41 sets a predetermined value set in advance as the starting end planned value P1. The control device 41 may also set the final planned value P of the reference value plan Y generated in the immediately preceding planning process as the starting end planned value P1. The control device 41 may set, for example, an estimated value according to the current operating status of the resource 22 and the operation plan generated by the management system 30 as the starting end planned value P1.

[0046] The control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) sets the power range R of the terminal planned value Pn+1 (=P2) in the time slot Fn (=F1) (Sa4). That is, the control device 41 sets the power range R that the terminal planned value Pn+1 in the time slot Fn can take, according to the constraint condition of the resource 22 (the maximum value αmax or the minimum value αmin of the rate of change α) and the planned power amount En in the time slot Fn. Specifically, when it is necessary to increase the planned value P from the starting end planned value Pn in the time slot Fn (FIGS. 7 and 8), the control device 41 sets the range between the maximum value Pmax of the formula (4) and the minimum value Pmin of the formula (5) as the power range R. Also, when it is necessary to decrease the planned value P from the starting end planned value Pn in the time slot Fn (FIGS. 9 and 10), the control device 41 sets the range between the maximum value Pmax of the formula (6) and the minimum value Pmin of the formula (7) as the power range R.

[0047] The control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) sets the termination plan value Pn+1 of the time period Fn within the power range R (Sa5). Any method may be used to set the termination plan value Pn+1 within the power range R, and the following method may be used, for example.

[0048] For example, assume that the resource 22 to be managed is a power facility 20 whose operating efficiency is higher as the fluctuation in power is smaller. In other words, the cost related to the operation of the resource 22 is reduced as the fluctuation in power is smaller. The control device 41 sets the end planned value Pn+1 of the time slot Fn so as to be closest to the start planned value Pn of the time slot Fn within the power range R set for the time slot Fn. According to the above embodiment, the difference in the planned value P between the start point and the end point of the time slot Fn is reduced. In other words, the fluctuation in power in the resource 22 is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to operate the resource 22 efficiently so as to effectively follow the planned value P.

[0049] When the terminal planned value Pn+1 for the time zone Fn is set, the control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) sets the time series of the planned value P for the time zone Fn so that it changes from the starting end planned value Pn to the terminal end planned value Pn+1 from the starting point to the end point of the time zone Fn (Sa6).

[0050] For example, assume that the planned value P is changed in the time slot Fn as shown in the example of Fig. 12. That is, the planned value P is maintained at the starting end planned value Pn from the start point of the time slot Fn to time tn, increases from the starting end planned value Pn to the terminal end planned value Pn+1 at the rate of change α from time tn to time tn', and is maintained at the terminal end planned value Pn+1 from time tn' to the end point of the time slot Fn. As can be seen from Fig. 12, the integrated value Sn of the planned value P in the time slot Fn is expressed by the following formula (8).

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[0051] In addition, considering that the planned value P changes linearly at a rate of change α during the period from time tn to time tn' in the time slot Fn, the following formula (9) is derived. Note that the rate of change α in formula (9) is set to an appropriate value within the range of the minimum value αmin and the maximum value αmax.

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[0052] From formula (8) and formula (9), formula (10) expressing time tn and formula (11) expressing time tn' are derived. Time tn is set in the range of 0 or more (the range after the start point of time period Fn), and time tn' is set in the range of time length Tn or less (the range before the end point of time period Fn).

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[0053] The control device 41 calculates the time points tn and tn' using equations (10) and (11), and calculates the time series of the planned value P in the time zone Fn so that it changes from the starting end planned value Pn to the terminal end planned value Pn+1 from the time point tn to the time point tn'.

[0054] When the time series of the planned value P in the time slot Fn (=F1) is calculated by the above procedure, the control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) judges whether the time series of the planned value P has been calculated for all of the N time slots F1 to FN (Sa7). If there is a time slot Fn for which the time series of the planned value P has not been calculated (Sa7: NO), the control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) sets the end planned value Pn+1 set for the current time slot Fn as the starting end planned value Pn+1 of the immediately following time slot Fn+1 (Sa8). Note that the time slot Fn is an example of the "first time slot", and the time slot Fn+1 is an example of the "second time slot".

[0055] The control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) newly selects a time slot Fn+1 immediately following the current time slot Fn (Sa9), and then transitions to step Sa4. That is, for each of the N time slots F1 to FN, the setting of the power range R (Sa4), the setting of the terminal planned value Pn+1 (Sa5), and the calculation of the time series of the planned value P (Sa6) are repeated. When the time series of the planned value P has been calculated for all (N) time slots F1 to FN (Sa7: YES), the control device 41 ends the planning process.

[0056] As described above, in the first embodiment, the time series of the planned values ​​P is calculated so that the integrated value Sn of the planned values ​​P in each time slot Fn matches the planned power amount En of the time slot Fn within a range in which the constraint conditions related to the operation of the resource 22 are satisfied. In other words, the request for the planned power amount En can be effectively satisfied within a range in which the resource 22 can effectively respond.

[0057] FIG. 3 shown above is the reference value plan Y generated by the procedure of the first embodiment. In the calculation of the planned value P in FIG. 3, the maximum value αmax of the rate of change α is set to 2 kW / sec, and the minimum value αmin of the rate of change α is set to −2 kW / sec. The integrated value Sn of the planned value P in each time slot Fn in FIG. 3 coincides with the planned power amount En in the time slot Fn in FIG. 2. The rate of change α of the planned value P is a numerical value between the maximum value αmax and the minimum value αmin. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the transition of the power value that the resource 22a can follow alone while satisfying the requirements of the power plan X is generated as the reference value plan Y.

[0058] In the first embodiment, a reference value plan Y that the resource 22 can follow independently is generated, so that the plan value P of the reference value plan Y in FIG. 4 matches with a high degree of accuracy with the actual power value H of the resource 22. As described above, the output value (PH) of the calculator 512 is maintained at 0, and as a result, the power command value Vc for the power storage system 21 matches the adjustment capability command value D. That is, the power storage system 21 does not need to cover the power shortage caused by the resource 22. Therefore, the capacity required of the power storage system 21 can be reduced. Alternatively, it is possible to increase the adjustment capability to which the power storage system 21 can respond, without increasing the capacity of the power storage system 21.

[0059] In the first embodiment, the end planned value Pn+1 of the time slot Fn is set as the start planned value Pn+1 of the immediately following time slot Fn+1. According to the above configuration, even if the planned power amount En of the time slot Fn differs from the planned power amount En+1 of the time slot Fn+1, the planned value P continues at the boundary between the time slot Fn and the time slot Fn+1. Therefore, it is possible to operate the resource 22 so as to effectively follow the planned value P even at the boundary between the time slot Fn and the time slot Fn+1.

[0060] The constraint conditions of the resource 22 in the first embodiment include a maximum value αmax and a minimum value αmin regarding the rate of change α of the power value. That is, the time series of the planned value P can be calculated under the constraint conditions regarding the rate of change α of the power value in the resource 22. Therefore, it is possible to make the resource 22 effectively follow the change in the planned value P.

[0061] B: Second embodiment A second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. Note that, for elements having the same functions as those in the first embodiment in each of the following exemplary aspects, the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment will be used, and detailed descriptions of each will be omitted as appropriate.

[0062] Fig. 13 is a flowchart of the planning process in the second embodiment. As illustrated in Fig. 13, the planning process in the second embodiment is a process in which steps Sb1 to Sb3 are added to the planning process in the first embodiment. The configuration of the power management system 100 is the same as that in the first embodiment.

[0063] When the power range R of the terminal plan value Pn+1 in the time slot Fn is set, the control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) determines whether or not the power range R is valid (Sb1). A state in which the power range R is valid means a state in which the resource 22 can output power within the power range R. On the other hand, a state in which the power range R is not valid means a state in which the resource 22 cannot output power within the power range R.

[0064] When the power range R is valid (Sb1: YES), the control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) sets the time series of the planned value P in the time period Fn so that it changes from the starting point of the time period Fn to the terminal point of the time period Fn+1 (Sa5, Sa6), as in the first embodiment.

[0065] On the other hand, if the power range R is not valid (Sb1: NO), the control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) corrects the time series of the planned values ​​P in the time slot Fn-1 immediately preceding the selected time slot Fn (Sb2, Sb3). Specifically, the control device 41 selects the immediately preceding time slot Fn-1 (Sb2) and corrects the terminal planned values ​​Pn for the time slot Fn-1 (Sb3). As a result of correcting the terminal planned values ​​Pn for the time slot Fn-1, the time series of the planned values ​​P for the time slot Fn-1 is also corrected (Sa6).

[0066] First, focusing on the case where the planned value P increases from the starting end planned value Pn (FIGS. 7 and 8), a state where the power range R is not valid will be described. Examples of cases where the power range R is not valid include a case where the number in the root sign of formula (5) is negative (the minimum value Pmin of formula (5) is a complex number) and a case where the minimum value Pmin of the power range R expressed by formula (5) exceeds the maximum power Qmax that can be output by the resource 22.

[0067] First, consider the case where the number inside the root symbol of formula (5) is negative. From the condition that the number inside the root symbol of formula (5) is negative, the following formula (12) is derived.

number

[0068] The right side of formula (12) means the amount of power when the power of the resource 22 is continuously increased from the starting end planned value Pn at the maximum value αmax of the rate of change α throughout the entire time slot Fn. Formula (12) means that even if the power is increased at the maximum value αmax of the rate of change α as described above, the target planned power amount En is not reached. The shortage of power amount described above is caused by the starting end planned value Pn of the time slot Fn (terminal planned value Pn of the time slot Fn-1) being too low. Therefore, if the terminal planned value Pn of the time slot Fn-1 is increased, it may be possible to change the minimum value Pmin of formula (5) to a real value.

[0069] Specifically, the following formula (13) is derived from the condition that formula (12) does not hold.

number

[0070] The terminal plan value Pn of the time slot Fn-1 immediately before the time slot Fn where the number in the root symbol of formula (5) is a negative number (the start end plan value Pn of the time slot Fn) is changed to a value within the range of formula (13) (Sb3). As a result of updating the start end plan value Pn, the number in the root symbol of formula (5) for the time slot Fn becomes a positive number.

[0071] Next, consider a situation in which the power range R is not valid as a result of the minimum value Pmin of the power range R expressed by formula (5) exceeding the maximum power Qmax that can be output by the resource 22. In order for the power range R to be valid, a condition must be established in which the minimum value Pmin of formula (5) is equal to or less than the maximum power Qmax. Therefore, the following formula (14) is derived, which should be satisfied by the start end planned value Pn of the time slot Fn (the end end planned value Pn of the immediately preceding time slot Fn-1).

number

[0072] The end planned value Pn (start end planned value Pn of time slot Fn) immediately before the time slot Fn in which the minimum value Pmin of the power range R exceeds the maximum power Qmax of the resource 22 is changed to a value within the range of formula (14) (Sb3). As a result of updating the start end planned value Pn, the minimum value Pmin of the power range R for the time slot Fn falls below the maximum power Qmax of the resource 22.

[0073] As described above, the control device 41 increases the end plan value Pn of the time slot Fn-1 immediately before the time slot Fn in which the power range R is determined to be invalid (the start plan value Pn of the time slot Fn) to a value that satisfies the conditions of the formulas (13) and (14) (Sb3). Therefore, the power range R of the time slot Fn is determined to be valid (Sb1).

[0074] In the above explanation, it is assumed that the planned value P increases from the starting end planned value Pn (FIGS. 7 and 8), but the same operation is also performed when the planned value P decreases from the starting end planned value Pn (FIGS. 9 and 10). Specifically, the control device 41 reduces the terminal planned value Pn (start end planned value Pn of the time slot Fn) of the time slot Fn-1 immediately before the time slot Fn in which the power range R is determined to be invalid, to a value that satisfies the conditions of the following formulas (15) and (16) (Sb3). Therefore, the power range R of the time slot Fn is determined to be valid (Sb1).

number

number

[0075] The second embodiment also achieves the same effects as the first embodiment. Furthermore, in the second embodiment, when the power range R of a time slot Fn is not valid, the time series of the planned values ​​P in the immediately preceding time slot Fn-1 is corrected. Correcting the time series of the planned values ​​P changes the terminal planned value Pn of the time slot Fn-1, and as a result, the power range R of the time slot Fn can be corrected to a valid range. Therefore, it is possible to operate the resource 22 so as to effectively follow the planned value P over the N time slots F1 to FN.

[0076] In the above description, when the power range R of the time slot Fn is not valid, the time series of the planned values ​​P in the immediately preceding time slot Fn-1 is corrected. However, even if the planned values ​​P of the immediately preceding time slot Fn-1 are corrected, the power range R of the time slot Fn may still not be valid. If the power range R of the time slot Fn is not valid even if the planned values ​​P of the time slot Fn-1 is corrected, the control device 41 may correct the time series of the planned values ​​P in the time slot Fn-2 immediately preceding the time slot Fn-1. That is, the control device 41 corrects the time series of the planned values ​​P while going back in time for each time slot Fn in sequence. The correction (Sb3) of the planned values ​​P in each time slot Fn may be performed going back up to the first time slot F1 at the most.

[0077] C: Third embodiment 14 is a block diagram of a power management system 100 in the third embodiment. The power management system 100 in the third embodiment has a configuration in which one resource 22 in the first embodiment is replaced with resources 22a and 22b. The resources 22a and 22b are power facilities 20 similar to the resource 22 in the first embodiment. The resources 22a and 22b are, for example, a hydrogen production device, a fuel cell, a generator (for example, a synchronous generator or a renewable energy generator), or, for example, a heat load in a factory.

[0078] Resource 22a operates according to a power command value Va supplied from the control system 50, and transmits to the control system 50 an actual power value Ha representing the actual exchange of power with the power system 10. Resource 22b operates according to a power command value Vb supplied from the control system 50, and transmits to the control system 50 an actual power value Hb representing the actual exchange of power with the power system 10. The response speed of resource 22a is faster than the response speed of resource 22b. In other words, the response speed of resource 22a is slower than the response speed of the power storage system 21, and the response speed of resource 22b is slower than the response speed of resource 22a. Resource 22b is an example of a "first power facility", and resource 22a is an example of a "second power facility".

[0079] 15 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of a control system 50 in the third embodiment. The control system 50 in the third embodiment generates a power command value Va for the resource 22a, a power command value Vb for the resource 22b, and a power command value Vc for the power storage system 21 in accordance with a planned value P of a reference value plan Y, actual power values ​​Ha and Hb, and an adjustment power command value D.

[0080] 15, the control system 50 includes a calculation unit 521, a calculation unit 522, and a calculation unit 523. The calculation unit 521 generates a power command value Vb for the resource 22b by adding a planned value P of the reference value plan Y and an adjustment capability command value D (Vb=P+D). The sum of the planned value P and the adjustment capability command value D (power command value Vb) corresponds to a command value for power that the power management system 100 should exchange with the power system 10 at the interconnection point 11.

[0081] The calculation unit 522 generates a power command value Va for the resource 22a by subtracting the actual power value Hb of the resource 22b from the power command value Vb (Va=Vb-Hb). As described above, the response speed of the resource 22b is slower than those of the power storage system 21 and the resource 22a, so the power command value Vb and the actual power value Hb do not necessarily match. The difference value (Vb-Hb) corresponds to the deviation between the power command value Vb and the actual power value Hb when the resource 22b cannot follow the power command value Vb.

[0082] The calculation unit 523 generates a power command value Vc for the power storage system 21 by subtracting the actual power value Ha of the resource 22a from the power command value Va (Vc=Va-Ha). As described above, the response speed of the resource 22a is slower than that of the power storage system 21, so the power command value Va and the actual power value Ha do not necessarily match. The difference value (Va-Ha) corresponds to the deviation between the power command value Va and the actual power value Ha in the case where the resource 22a cannot follow the power command value Va.

[0083] As described above, in the third embodiment, the power (P+D) that the power management system 100 should exchange with the power system 10 is preferentially borne by the power equipment 20 with a slow response speed (e.g., resource 22b), and the difference in the amount that the power equipment 20 cannot respond to is compensated for by the power equipment 20 with a fast response speed (e.g., the storage system 21).

[0084] 16 is a flowchart of a process (hereinafter referred to as a "control process") executed by the control device 41 of the third embodiment. For example, the control process is started every time the power plan X is updated. When the control process is started, the control device 41 (plan acquisition unit 61) acquires the power plan X from the management system 30 (Sc1).

[0085] The control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) allocates the planned power amount En specified by the power plan X for each time slot Fn to each of the multiple power facilities 20 (the power storage system 21, the resource 22a, and the resource 22b) (Sc2). Specifically, the control device 41 allocates the allocation amount En_a of the planned power amount En to the resource 22a, the allocation amount En_b to the resource 22b, and the allocation amount En_c to the power storage system 21. The sum of the allocation amount En_a, the allocation amount En_b, and the allocation amount En_c corresponds to the planned power amount En.

[0086] The method of allocating the planned power amount En is arbitrary, but for example, from the viewpoint of preferentially allocating the planned power amount En to the resource 22b, the entire planned power amount En is initially allocated to the resource 22b (En_a=En, En_b=En_c=0). With the above allocation, it is possible to reduce the burden on the power equipment 20 (e.g., the energy storage system 21) that has a fast response speed. Note that the allocation amount En_b is an example of a "first allocation amount", and the allocation amount En_a is an example of a "second allocation amount".

[0087] When the planned energy En of each time slot Fn is allocated to each power equipment 20, the control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) generates a reference value plan Y for each of the power equipment 20 (Sc3 to Sc5). That is, a time series of planned values ​​P is calculated for each power equipment 20. Specifically, the control device 41 generates the reference value plan Y for each power equipment 20 by sequentially executing the same planning process as in the second embodiment for each power equipment 20.

[0088] First, the control device 41 generates a reference value plan Yb of the resource 22b by a planning process (Sc3). Specifically, the control device 41 calculates a time series of the planned value P in the reference value plan Yb so that the integrated value Sn of the planned value P in each time slot Fn matches the allocation amount En_b of the resource 22b in the time slot Fn within a range in which the constraint conditions related to the operation of the resource 22b are satisfied. Note that step Sc3 is an example of a "first process".

[0089] If the power range R of the time slot Fn is not valid in the planning process (Sb1: NO), the control device 41 corrects the time series of the planned values ​​P in the time slot Fn-1 immediately preceding the selected time slot Fn (Sb2, Sb3) as described in the second embodiment. However, even if the time series of the planned values ​​P in the immediately preceding time slot Fn-1 is corrected, the power range R of the time slot Fn may not be valid. That is, there is a possibility that an appropriate reference value plan Yb for the resource 22b cannot be calculated under the constraints on the operation of the resource 22b.

[0090] When the base value plan Yb cannot be calculated under the constraint conditions, the control device 41 changes the allocation amount En_b allocated to the resource 22b out of the planned power amount En. Specifically, the allocation amount En_b is changed so that the power range R is valid. The control device 41 recalculates the base value plan Yb for the changed allocation amount En_b. That is, under the constraint conditions of the resource 22b, the base value plan Yb is generated so that the integrated value Sn of the planned value P in each time slot Fn matches the changed allocation amount En_b in the time slot Fn. Then, the control device 41 adds the change in the allocation amount En_b to the allocation amount En_a of the resource 22a in the time slot Fn. For example, when the allocation amount En_b of the resource 22b is decreased, the amount of decrease is added to the allocation amount En_a of the resource 22a.

[0091] As described in the second embodiment, if the power range R of the time slot Fn is not valid, the time series of the planned values ​​P may be corrected retroactively to the first time slot F1. In the third embodiment, if the power range R of the selected time slot Fn is not valid even after correcting the time series of the planned values ​​P retroactively to the first time slot F1, the control device 41 may change the allocation amount En_b of the resource 22b. The control device 41 may select the time slot Fn for which the allocation amount En_b is to be changed, taking into account the power flow direction related to the resources 22a and 22b. The power flow direction is the direction (supply direction / receive direction) of power exchanged between each power facility 20 and the interconnection point 11. Specifically, the control device 41 selects, from among the N time slots F1 to FN, the time slot Fn in which the sign of the allocation amount En_b of the resource 22b after the change matches with the addition to the allocation amount En_a of the resource 22a (i.e., the flow direction of the resource 22a matches with that of the resource 22b) as the target for changing the allocation amount En_b. With the above configuration, the exchange of power between the resource 22a and the resource 22b is reduced, so that each power facility 20 can be efficiently used for controlling the power at the interconnection point 11.

[0092] When the reference value plan Yb of the resource 22b is generated by the above procedure, the control device 41 generates the reference value plan Ya of the resource 22a by a similar planning process (Sc4). Specifically, the control device 41 calculates the time series of the plan value P in the reference value plan Ya so that the integrated value Sn of the plan value P in each time slot Fn matches the allocation amount En_a of the resource 22a in the time slot Fn within a range in which the constraint conditions related to the operation of the resource 22a are satisfied. Note that step Sc4 is an example of the "second process".

[0093] When the power range R of the time slot Fn is not valid (Sb1: NO), the operation of correcting the time series of the planned values ​​P while going back through the time slot Fn is the same as that of generating the reference value plan Yb (Sc3). When the power range R of the time slot Fn is not valid due to correction of the time series of the planned values ​​P in the past time slot Fn, the control device 41 changes the allocation amount En_a of the planned power amount En allocated to the resource 22a, and adds the change in the allocation amount En_a to the allocation amount En_c of the power storage system 21 in the time slot Fn. The change in the allocation amount En_c linked to the allocation amount En_a is executed in the same manner as the change in the allocation amount En_a linked to the allocation amount En_b.

[0094] When the reference value plan Ya of the resource 22a is generated by the above procedure, the control device 41 generates the reference value plan Yc of the power storage system 21 by a similar planning process (Sc5). Specifically, the control device 41 calculates the time series of the plan values ​​P in the reference value plan Yc so that the integrated value Sn of the plan values ​​P in each time slot Fn matches the allocation amount En_c of the power storage system 21 in the time slot Fn within a range in which the constraint conditions related to the operation of the power storage system 21 are satisfied.

[0095] When the reference value plan Yc of the power storage system 21 is generated, the control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) generates a final reference value plan Y by combining the reference value plans Y (Ya, Yb, Yc) generated for the multiple power facilities 20 (the power storage system 21, the resource 22a, and the resource 22b) (Sc6). Specifically, the control device 41 calculates the planned value P for the corresponding time in the reference value plan Y by adding the planned values ​​P corresponding to the same time on the time axis between the reference value plan Ya, the reference value plan Yb, and the reference value plan Yc. That is, an overall reference value plan Y for the multiple power facilities 20 is generated. The reference value plan Y generated by the above procedure is used to generate each power command value V (Va, Vb, Vc) by the control system 50 illustrated in FIG. 15.

[0096] The third embodiment also achieves the same effects as the first and second embodiments. In the third embodiment, for each of the multiple power facilities 20, the time series of the planned value P is calculated so that the integrated value Sn of the planned value P in each time slot Fn matches the allocation amount (En_a, En_b, En_c) of the time slot Fn within a range in which the constraint conditions are satisfied. That is, the request for the planned power amount En can be effectively satisfied within a range in which each of the multiple power facilities 20 can effectively respond. In addition, after the calculation of the time series of the planned value P for the resource 22b, the time series of the planned value P is calculated for the resource 22a, which has a faster response speed than the resource 22b. That is, the planned power amount En in the power plan X is preferentially borne by the power facility 20 with a low response speed. Therefore, it is possible to respond to a request for a high-speed response while satisfying the request for the planned power amount En in the power plan X.

[0097] Furthermore, in the third embodiment, when the time series of the planned value P cannot be calculated for the resource 22b, the allocation amount En_b is changed and the time series of the planned value P is recalculated. The change in the allocation amount En_b is added to the allocation amount En_a of the resource 22a. Similarly, when the time series of the planned value P cannot be calculated for the resource 22a, the allocation amount En_a is changed and the time series of the planned value P is recalculated. The change in the allocation amount En_a is added to the allocation amount En_c of the power storage system 21. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the planned value P that each power facility 20 can follow without changing the amount of power exchanged in each time slot Fn across the multiple power facilities 20 from the power plan X.

[0098] In the third embodiment, the time series of the planned values ​​P calculated for each power facility 20 are synthesized (Sc6). Therefore, the control system 50 illustrated in Fig. 15 can generate the power command values ​​V (Va, Vb, Vc) for each power facility 20 so that the planned power amount En of the power plan X is preferentially borne by the power facility 20 with a low response speed.

[0099] D: Variation Specific modified embodiments added to each of the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplified below. Two or more embodiments selected from the following examples may be appropriately combined as long as they are not mutually contradictory.

[0100] (1) In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the maximum value αmax and the minimum value αmin of the rate of change α of the power value and the maximum value (maximum power) and the minimum value (minimum power) of the power value that the power equipment 20 can output are exemplified as the constraint condition for the operation of the power equipment 20 (e.g., the resource 22). However, the constraint condition is not limited to the above examples. For example, in an embodiment in which the power value that the power equipment 20 can output in a steady state is one of a plurality of candidate values ​​that are discretely set, the discrete power value in the steady state is exemplified as the constraint condition for the power equipment 20. For example, the control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) sets a candidate power that belongs to the power range R among the plurality of candidate powers as the terminal planned value Pn+1 of the time slot Fn. In addition, the operation efficiency of the power equipment 20 is also exemplified as the constraint condition. The control device 41 (planned value calculation unit 62) sets a power value at which the operation efficiency is maximized within the power range R as the terminal planned value Pn+1 of the time slot Fn.

[0101] The constraint conditions for the operation of the power equipment 20 are not limited to conditions related to power. For example, the state of charge (SOC) or state of health (SOH) of the power storage system 21, the guaranteed operating temperature or guaranteed operating pressure of the power equipment 20, and other operating conditions are also exemplified as the constraint conditions for the power equipment 20.

[0102] (2) The function of the control system 50 in the third embodiment is not limited to the example shown in Fig. 15. For example, the control system 50 may realize a function illustrated in Fig. 17. The control system 50 in Fig. 17 generates power command values ​​V (Va, Vb, Vc) for each power facility 20 according to the reference value plan Y (Ya, Yb, Yc) for each power facility 20, the actual power values ​​H (Ha, Hb) for each power facility 20, and the adjustment capability command value D.

[0103] 17, the planned value P in the reference value plan Yb of the resource 22b is transmitted to the resource 22b as a power command value Vb. The calculation unit 531 calculates a difference value (P-Hb) between the planned value P in the reference value plan Yb and the actual power value Hb of the resource 22b. The difference value (P-Hb) corresponds to a deviation between the planned value P and the actual power value Hb in a case where the resource 22b cannot follow the reference value plan Yb.

[0104] The planned value P in the reference value plan Ya of the resource 22a is transmitted to the resource 22a as a power command value Va. The calculation unit 532 calculates a difference value (P-Ha) between the planned value P in the reference value plan Ya and the actual power value Ha of the resource 22a. The difference value (P-Ha) corresponds to a deviation between the planned value P and the actual power value Ha in a case where the resource 22a cannot follow the reference value plan Ya.

[0105] The calculation unit 533 adds the plan value P of the reference value plan Yc of the power storage system 21 and the adjustment power command value D. The calculation unit 534 adds the difference value (P-Hb) to the output value from the calculation unit 533. The calculation unit 535 adds the difference value (P-Ha) to the output value from the calculation unit 534. The output value from the calculation unit 535 is transmitted to the power storage system 21 as the power command value Vc.

[0106] As described above, in the configuration of Fig. 17, similarly to the configuration of Fig. 15, a power shortage when the resource 22a or the resource 22b cannot follow the reference value plan Y is borne by the power storage system 21. Note that in Fig. 17, the reference value plan Y(Ya, Yb, Yc) for each power facility 20 is used to generate the power command value V(Va, Vb, Vc), so that the addition (Sc6) of the reference value plans Y(Ya, Yb, Yc) of each power facility 20 is not necessary. In other words, the addition (Sc6) of the reference value plans Y(Ya, Yb, Yc) may be omitted from the control process.

[0107] (3) In the above-described embodiments, the management system 30 provides the power plan X to the information processing system 40. However, the management system 30 may provide the operation plan of each power facility 20 to the control system 50. The operation plan is a plan of the power value or amount of power that each power facility 20 exchanges at each predetermined time. The operation plan is generated using, for example, market prices or transaction information in a power market such as a wholesale power market or a supply and demand adjustment market.

[0108] In the above-described embodiments, the power command values ​​V (Va, Vb, Vc) of each power facility 20 are generated according to the reference value plan Y (Ya, Yb, Yc) and the actual power value H (Ha, Hb) of each power facility 20 and the adjustment capability command value D. However, the control system 50 may use the operation plan provided by the management system 30 to generate the power command values ​​V (Va, Vb, Vc) of each power facility 20. For example, the control system 50 generates the power command value V so that the actual power value H of each power facility 20 matches the operation plan during a period other than the period during which adjustment capability is being provided. Even during the period during which adjustment capability is being provided, the control system 50 may generate the power command value V so that the actual power value H of the resource 22 matches the operation plan, and may generate a power command value Vc for the power storage system 21 such that the total power of the power management system 100 is the sum of the reference value plan Y and the adjustment capability command value D.

[0109] (4) In the above-described embodiments, the management system 30, the information processing system 40, and the control system 50 have been described as separate elements, but the integration / separation of each element constituting the power management system 100 may be changed as desired. For example, some or all of the functions of the management system 30 may be mounted on the information processing system 40 or the control system 50. Some or all of the functions of the information processing system 40 may be mounted on the management system 30 or the control system 50. Some or all of the functions of the control system 50 may be mounted on the management system 30 or the information processing system 40.

[0110] (5) The term "nth" (n is a natural number) in this application is used only as a formal and convenient label to distinguish each element in the description and does not have any substantial meaning. Therefore, there is no room for restrictive interpretation of the position or order of each element based on the term "nth".

[0111] (6) As described above, the functions of the information processing system 40 according to each of the above-mentioned embodiments are realized by the cooperation of one or more processors constituting the control device 41 and the program stored in the storage device 42. The above-mentioned programs can be provided in a form stored in a computer-readable recording medium and installed in the computer. The recording medium is, for example, a non-transitory recording medium, and a good example is an optical recording medium (optical disk) such as a CD-ROM, but also includes any known type of recording medium such as a semiconductor recording medium or a magnetic recording medium. Note that the non-transitory recording medium includes any recording medium except for a transient, propagating signal, and does not exclude volatile recording media. In addition, in a configuration in which a distribution device distributes a program via a communication network, the recording medium that stores the program in the distribution device corresponds to the non-transitory recording medium described above.

[0112] E: Notes From the above-described exemplary embodiments, the following configurations can be understood, for example.

[0113] An information processing system according to one aspect (aspect 1) of the present disclosure is a system that calculates a planned value of power exchanged between a first power facility and a power grid, and includes a plan acquisition unit that acquires a planned power amount for each of a plurality of time slots, and a planned value calculation unit that calculates a time series of the planned value for each of the plurality of time slots so that a constraint condition related to the operation of the first power facility is satisfied and an integrated value of the planned value for the time slot matches the planned power amount for the time slot. In the above aspect, the time series of the planned value is calculated so that an integrated value of the planned value for each time slot matches the planned power amount for the time slot within the constraint condition related to the operation of the first power facility. In other words, the request for the planned power amount can be effectively satisfied within a range to which the first power facility can effectively respond.

[0114] In a specific example (Aspect 2) of Aspect 1, the planned value calculation unit sets, for each of the multiple time slots, a power range that the planned value at the end of the time slot can take, according to a constraint condition related to the operation of the first power equipment and the planned power amount for the time slot, and calculates a time series of the planned value for the time slot so that the planned value at the end of the time slot is a numerical value within the power range. According to the above aspect, the time series of the planned value for each time slot is calculated so that the planned value at the end of each time slot is a numerical value within the power range. Therefore, it is possible to calculate a planned value to which the first power equipment can respond effectively throughout the entire time slot from the start to the end.

[0115] In a specific example (Aspect 3) of Aspect 2, the planned value calculation unit sets, for each of the plurality of time slots, the planned value at the end of the time slot so as to be closest to the planned value at the start of the time slot within the power range set for the time slot. In the above aspect, the difference in the planned value between the start and end of each time slot is reduced. That is, power fluctuations in the first power equipment are suppressed. Therefore, in a configuration in which the smaller the power fluctuations, the higher the operating efficiency of the first power equipment, it is possible to operate the first power equipment efficiently so as to effectively track the planned value.

[0116] In a specific example (Aspect 4) of Aspect 2 or Aspect 3, the planned value calculation unit sets the planned value at the end of a first time slot of the multiple time slots as the planned value at the start of a second time slot immediately following the first time slot. In the above aspect, even if the planned power amount for the first time slot and the planned power amount for the second time slot differ, the planned values ​​continue at the boundary between the first time slot and the second time slot. Therefore, it is possible to operate the first power equipment so as to effectively follow the planned value even at the boundary between the first time slot and the second time slot.

[0117] The "first time slot" is any time slot other than the last time slot among the multiple time slots, and is not limited to the first time slot among the multiple time slots. Moreover, the "second time slot" is the time slot immediately following the first time slot. The time slot immediately following the first time slot means that there are no other time slots between the first time slot and the second time slot. The first time slot and the second time slot are not limited to being consecutive on the time axis. For example, even if there is an interval between the first time slot and the second time slot, the second time slot is interpreted as being located immediately after the first time slot, as long as there are no other time slots among the multiple time slots.

[0118] In a specific example (aspect 5) of aspect 4, the planned value calculation unit determines whether the power range set for the second time slot is valid, and corrects the time series of planned values ​​for the first time slot if the power range for the second time slot is not valid. In the above aspect, if the power range for the second time slot is not valid, the time series of planned values ​​for the immediately preceding first time slot is corrected. The correction of the time series of planned values ​​changes the planned value at the end of the first time slot, and as a result, the power range for the second time slot can be corrected to a valid power range. Therefore, it is possible to operate the first power equipment so as to effectively follow the planned value throughout both the first time slot and the second time slot.

[0119] A power range being "valid" means that it is within the range of power that the first power equipment can output. On the other hand, a power range being "invalid" means that it is within the range of power that the first power equipment cannot output. For example, if the maximum or minimum value of the power range is outside the range of power that the first power equipment can output, the power range is determined to be "invalid."

[0120] In a specific example (Aspect 6) of any one of Aspects 1 to 5, the constraint condition includes a maximum value of a rate of change of a power value in the first power equipment, or a minimum value of a rate of change of a power value in the first power equipment. According to the above aspect, it is possible to calculate a time series of a planned value under a constraint condition related to the rate of change of a power value in the first power equipment. Therefore, it is possible to make the first power equipment effectively follow a change in the planned value.

[0121] In a specific example (Aspect 7) of any one of Aspects 1 to 6, the constraint condition includes a maximum power value of the first power equipment, a minimum power value of the first power equipment, or a steady-state power value. According to the above aspect, it is possible to calculate a time series of planned values ​​under a constraint condition related to a power value that can be set in the first power equipment. Therefore, it is possible to make the first power equipment effectively track the planned value.

[0122] In a specific example (Aspect 8) of any one of Aspects 1 to 7, the planned value calculation unit executes a process of allocating a first allocation amount of the planned power amount for each of the plurality of time periods to the first power equipment, a first process of calculating, for the first power equipment, a time series of the planned values ​​for the time period so that a constraint condition related to the operation of the first power equipment is satisfied and an integrated value of the planned values ​​for the time period matches the first allocation amount for the time period, and a second process of calculating, for a second power equipment having a faster response speed than the first power equipment, a time series of the planned values ​​for the time period so that a constraint condition related to the operation of the second power equipment is satisfied and an integrated value of the planned values ​​for the time period matches the second allocation amount of the planned power amount for the time period. In the above aspects, for each of the first power equipment and the second power equipment, a time series of the planned values ​​is calculated so that an integrated value of the planned values ​​for each time period matches the allocation amount for the time period within the range of the constraint condition of each power equipment. That is, the request for the planned power amount can be effectively satisfied within a range in which both the first power equipment and the second power equipment can effectively respond. In addition, after the time series of planned values ​​for the first power equipment is calculated, the time series of planned values ​​for the second power equipment, which has a faster response speed than the first power equipment, is calculated. That is, the planned power amount in the power plan is preferentially borne by the power equipment with a slower response speed. Therefore, it is possible to meet the request for the planned power amount in the power plan while also responding to the request for a fast response.

[0123] In a specific example (aspect 9) of aspect 8, in the first process, when the time series of the planned values ​​for the first power equipment cannot be calculated under a constraint condition related to the operation of the first power equipment, the planned value calculation unit changes the first allocation amount, calculates the time series of the planned values, and adds the change in the first allocation amount to the second allocation amount. In the above aspect, when the time series of the planned values ​​for the first power equipment cannot be calculated, the first allocation amount is changed and the time series of the planned values ​​is recalculated. The change in the first allocation amount is added to the second allocation amount. Therefore, it is possible to calculate a planned value that each power equipment can follow without changing the amount of power exchanged in each time period in the entire system including the first power equipment and the second power equipment from the power plan.

[0124] In a specific example (Aspect 10) of Aspect 8, the planned value calculation unit combines a time series of the planned values ​​calculated for the first power equipment by the first process and a time series of the planned values ​​calculated for the second power equipment by the second process. In the above aspect, the time series of the planned values ​​calculated for each power equipment are combined. Therefore, it is possible to generate a power command value for each power equipment such that the planned power amount in the power plan is preferentially borne by the power equipment with a low response speed. [Explanation of symbols]

[0125] 100...power management system, 10...power system, 11...interconnection point, 20...power equipment, 21...energy storage system, 211...energy storage device, 212...control device, 22, 22a, 22b...resources, 30...management system, 40...information processing system, 41...control device, 42...storage device, 43...communication device, 50...control system, 511, 512, 521, 522, 523, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535...calculation unit, 61...plan acquisition unit, 62...planned value calculation unit.

Claims

1. A system for calculating a planned value of power exchanged between a first power facility and a power grid, A plan acquisition unit that acquires a planned power amount for each of a plurality of time periods; a planned value calculation unit that calculates, for each of the plurality of time periods, a time series of the planned values ​​for the time period so as to satisfy a constraint condition related to an operation of the first power equipment and such that an integrated value of the planned values ​​for the time period coincides with the planned power amount for the time period; An information processing system comprising:

2. The planned value calculation unit calculates, for each of the plurality of time periods, setting a power range that the planned value at an end point of the time period can take, according to a constraint condition on the operation of the first power equipment and the planned power amount for the time period; A time series of the planned value in the time period is calculated so that the planned value at the end of the time period is a value within the power range.

2. The information processing system of claim 1.

3. The planned value calculation unit calculates, for each of the plurality of time periods, The planned value at the end of the time period is set so as to be closest to the planned value at the start of the time period within the power range set for the time period.

3. The information processing system of claim 2.

4. The planned value calculation unit sets the planned value at an end point of a first time slot among the plurality of time slots as the planned value at a start point of a second time slot immediately following the first time slot.

4. The information processing system according to claim 2 or 3.

5. The planned value calculation unit, determining whether a power range set for the second time period is valid; If the power range for the second time period is not valid, modifying the time series of the planned values ​​for the first time period.

5. The information processing system of claim 4.

6. The constraint condition includes a maximum value of a rate of change of a power value in the first power equipment, or a minimum value of a rate of change of a power value in the first power equipment.

2. The information processing system of claim 1.

7. The constraint condition includes a maximum power value in the first power equipment, a minimum power value in the first power equipment, or a steady-state power value.

2. The information processing system of claim 1.

8. The planned value calculation unit, a process of allocating a first allocation amount of the planned power amount for each of the plurality of time periods to the first power equipment; a first process of calculating a time series of the planned values ​​for a time period of the first power equipment such that a constraint condition related to an operation of the first power equipment is satisfied and an integrated value of the planned values ​​for the time period of the first power equipment coincides with the first allocation amount for the time period of the first power equipment; and (b) executing a second process of calculating a time series of the planned values ​​for a time period such that a constraint condition related to an operation of the second power equipment is satisfied and an integrated value of the planned values ​​for the time period coincides with a second allocation amount of the planned power amount for the time period that corresponds to the second power equipment.

2. The information processing system of claim 1.

9. The planned value calculation unit, In the first process, when the time series of the planned values ​​for the first power equipment cannot be calculated under a constraint condition related to the operation of the first power equipment, the first allocation amount is changed, and then the time series of the planned values ​​is calculated, and the change in the first allocation amount is added to the second allocation amount. The information processing system according to claim 8.

10. The planned value calculation unit, A time series of the planned values ​​calculated for the first power equipment by the first process and a time series of the planned values ​​calculated for the second power equipment by the second process are combined. The information processing system according to claim 8.

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