Structure of tile wall

Abstract

To provide a structure of a tile wall capable of preventing cracks in tiles fixed to two wall substrate materials.SOLUTION: A structure of a tile wall 1 of a building includes a wall substrate 2, an adhesive layer 3, and a plurality of tiles 4. A first substrate material 5 and a second substrate material 6 of the wall substrate 2 are butted together at a joint line 7. A substrate tape 14 of the adhesive layer 3 is directly stuck to the wall substrate 2, and an adhesive hardening portion 15 is arranged so as to cover the substrate tape 14. A first tile 18 is fixed to the first substrate material 5 and the second substrate material 6 so as to straddle the joint line 7. The first tile 18 includes a first portion 20 including a first end 22 that is an end at the first substrate material 5 side, and a second portion 21 including a second end 23 that is an end at the second substrate material 6 side. At least the first end 22 is fixed to the first substrate material 5 at the adhesive hardening portion 15, and at least the second end 23 is fixed to the second substrate material 6 at a composite layer 27 in which the substrate tape 14 and the adhesive hardening portion 15 are laminated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the structure of a tile wall.

Background Art

[0002] The following Patent Document 1 describes the structure of a tile wall. This structure includes a wall base formed by arranging a plurality of wall base materials, an adhesive layer disposed on the outer surface of the wall base, and a plurality of tiles fixed to the adhesive layer.

[0003] The adhesive layer is composed of a composite of an elastic cured portion formed by curing a single elastic adhesive and a perforated sheet that does not include an adhesive layer portion. This perforated sheet is embedded in the elastic cured portion and has elasticity. Due to the elasticity of such a perforated sheet, for example, stress that tends to concentrate on the adhesive layer near the portion where two wall base materials abut due to displacement of the wall base materials accompanying seismic motion is dispersed.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] In recent years, there has been a new problem that tiles fixed to two wall base materials are likely to crack.

[0006] The present invention has been devised in view of the above problems, and the main object thereof is to provide a structure of a tile wall that can prevent cracking of tiles fixed to two wall base materials.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] The present invention relates to a structure of a tiled wall of a building, including a wall base, an adhesive layer disposed on the outer surface of the wall base, and a plurality of tiles fixed to the adhesive layer. The wall base includes a first base material and a second base material arranged horizontally, and the first base material and the second base material are butted against each other on the outer surface side of the wall base with a joint line extending vertically. The adhesive layer includes a base tape having elasticity in the in-plane direction of the tape and a cured adhesive portion where the adhesive has cured. The base tape is directly attached to the surface of the wall base, and the cured adhesive portion is disposed outside the base tape so as to cover the base tape. The plurality of tiles include at least one first tile fixed to the first base material and the second base material so as to straddle the joint line. The first tile includes a first portion including a first end which is an end on the first base material side, and a second portion including a second end which is an end on the second base material side. In the first portion, at least the first end is fixed to the first base material with the cured adhesive portion without including the base tape. In the second portion, at least the second end is fixed to the second base material with a composite layer in which the base tape and the cured adhesive portion are laminated. It is a structure of a tiled wall.

Effect of the Invention

[0008] By adopting the above configuration, the structure of the tiled wall of the present invention can prevent the tiles fixed to the two wall base materials from cracking.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0009]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0010] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that each drawing is for enhancing the understanding of the content of the invention, and includes exaggerated representations. In addition, it is pointed out in advance that the scales and the like do not exactly match between the drawings. Also, throughout each embodiment, the same or common elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted. Furthermore, the specific configurations shown in the embodiments and the drawings are for understanding the content of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the specific configurations shown.

[0011] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing an example of the structure of a tile wall of a building (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as "the structure of the tile wall"). FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2.

[0012] The structure of the tile wall of the present embodiment can be applied to, for example, the tile wall 1 of buildings such as ordinary houses and buildings. The tile wall 1 of the present embodiment is configured as an exterior wall, but is not necessarily limited to such a mode, and may be configured as an interior wall. The tile wall 1 of the present embodiment includes a wall base 2, an adhesive layer 3, and a plurality of tiles 4.

[0013] [Wall Base] The wall base 2 of the present embodiment includes a first base material 5 and a second base material 6. The first base material 5 and the second base material 6 of the present embodiment are arranged horizontally.

[0014] The first base material 5 and the second base material 6 of the present embodiment are formed in a panel shape and are fixed, for example, to a frame body (not shown) framed in a substantially rectangular shape. The first base material 5 and the second base material 6 of the present embodiment employ a ceramic siding material, but are not particularly limited. For example, a metal siding material, ALC (lightweight cellular concrete), a resin siding material, a calcium silicate board, a gypsum board, or a gypsum slag board may be employed.

[0015] The first base material 5 and the second base material 6 are butted against each other on the outer surface 2s side of the wall base 2, having a joining line 7 extending vertically. In the present embodiment, the end faces 8 and 9 of the first base material 5 and the second base material 6 facing each other in the horizontal direction are each machined. Thereby, the end face 8 of the first base material 5 and the end face 9 of the second base material 6 can be meshed with each other and butted. Note that it is not limited to such machining. For example, the end face 8 of the first base material 5 and the end face 9 of the second base material 6 may be each formed in a flat shape and butted against each other.

[0016] In the present embodiment, the end face 8 of the first base material 5 and the end face 9 of the second base material 6 are formed with a dovetail-shaped actual part 29, but it is not limited to such a mode. For example, an actual part (not shown) of the present state may be formed.

[0017] The end face 8 of the first base material 5 of the present embodiment includes a first end face 8a, a second end face 8b, and a joining face 8c connecting the first end face 8a and the second end face 8b. The first end face 8a is provided on the outer surface 2s side of the wall base 2 with respect to the second end face 8b. Further, in the present embodiment, the first end face 8a protrudes toward the second base material 6 with respect to the second end face 8b, but it is not limited to such a mode. The second end face 8b may protrude toward the second base material 6 with respect to the first end face 8a.

[0018] The end face 9 of the second base material 6 of the present embodiment includes a first end face 9a, a second end face 9b, and a joining face 9c connecting the first end face 9a and the second end face 9b. The first end face 9a is provided on the outer surface 2s side of the wall base 2 with respect to the second end face 9b. Further, in the present embodiment, the second end face 9b protrudes toward the first base material 5 with respect to the first end face 9a, but it is not limited to such a mode. The first end face 9a may protrude toward the first base material 5 with respect to the second end face 9b.

[0019] In this embodiment, the first end face 8a of the first base material 5 is brought into contact with the first end face 9a of the second base material 6. Further, the second end face 8b of the first base material 5 is brought into contact with the second end face 9b of the second base material 6. Thereby, the end face 8 of the first base material 5 and the end face 9 of the second base material 6 can be meshed with each other and butted against each other.

[0020] The wall base 2 of this embodiment includes a groove opening portion 10 and a filler 11 filling the groove opening portion 10 between the first base material 5 and the second base material 6 and on the outer surface 2s side of the wall base 2. Thereby, the watertightness between the first base material 5 and the second base material 6 can be ensured.

[0021] The groove opening portion 10 of this embodiment is formed to include a first inclined surface 10a and a second inclined surface 10b in a cross section along the horizontal direction shown in FIG. 3. The first inclined surface 10a is formed by cutting out the outer surface 2s side of the wall base 2 from the first end face 8a of the first base material 5. The second inclined surface 10b is formed by cutting out the outer surface 2s side of the wall base 2 from the first end face 9a of the second base material 6. By these first inclined surface 10a and second inclined surface 10b, when the first end face 8a of the first base material 5 and the first end face 9a of the second base material 6 are butted against each other, the groove opening portion 10 is formed in a V shape with the intersection of the first inclined surface 10a and the second inclined surface 10b as the top portion 12 and the width increasing toward the outer surface 2s side of the wall base 2. Note that the groove opening portion 10 is not limited to being formed in a V shape, and may be formed, for example, in a J shape, a U shape, or the like. The maximum width W1 of the groove opening portion 10 is set to about 5 to 30 mm, for example.

[0022] The joining line 7 of the present embodiment is specified as a straight line extending vertically along the contact surface 13 between the end face 8 (first end face 8a) on the outer surface 5s side of the first base material 5 and the end face 9 (first end face 9a) on the outer surface 6s side of the second base material 6. When the first end face 8a of the first base material 5 and the first end face 9a of the second base material 6 are separated from each other, the joining line 7 is specified at the horizontal intermediate position (not shown) between the first end face 8a of the first base material 5 and the first end face 9a of the second base material 6. Further, when the end face 8 of the first base material 5 and the end face 9 of the second base material 6 are each formed in a flat shape, it is specified at the contact surface between the end face 8 of the first base material 5 and the end face 9 of the second base material 6, or at the intermediate position between the end face 8 of the first base material 5 and the end face 9 of the second base material 6.

[0023] As the filler 11, for example, those of silicone-based, modified silicone-based, urethane-based, acrylic-based, polysulfide-based, or acrylic urethane-based can be adopted.

[0024] [Adhesive layer] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the adhesive layer 3 is disposed on the outer surface 2s of the wall base 2. The adhesive layer 3 includes a base tape 14 and an adhesive cured portion 15.

[0025] The base tape 14 is directly attached to the outer surface (surface) 2s of the wall base 2. The base tape 14 of the present embodiment is attached so as to straddle the joining line 7.

[0026] The base tape 14 has elasticity in the in-plane direction of the tape. Such a base tape 14 can be appropriately adopted as long as it has elasticity. In this embodiment, a joint tape made of butyl rubber is adopted as the base tape 14. Note that it is not limited to a joint tape made of butyl rubber. For example, other rubber-based (e.g., natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, or nitrile rubber, etc.), acrylic-based (e.g., acrylate copolymer), urethane-based (e.g., polyurethane resin), or silicone-based (e.g., organopolysiloxane (silicone rubber)) joint tapes may be adopted. The thickness t1 of the base tape 14 is set to, for example, 0.1 to 0.8 mm.

[0027] The adhesive cured portion 15 is formed by curing the adhesive 16. The adhesive cured portion 15 is disposed outside the base tape 14 so as to cover the base tape 14. Here, the outside of the base tape 14 means the side of the tile 4 with respect to the base tape 14.

[0028] The thickness t2 (shown in FIG. 2) of the adhesive cured portion 15 (adhesive 16) is set to about 1 to 3 mm, for example. The thickness t2 is defined as the distance between the outer surface 2s of the wall base 2 and the tile 4. In this embodiment, an elastic adhesive is adopted as the adhesive 16. Such an elastic adhesive can exhibit a stable adhesive force to the wall base 2 and excellent followability, and can suppress peeling of the tile 4 and the like. As the elastic adhesive, for example, a modified silicone-based adhesive, a urethane-based adhesive, a polymer cement mortar-based adhesive, or an acrylic-based adhesive can be adopted.

[0029] [Plural tiles] The plurality of tiles 4 are fixed to the adhesive layer 3. In this embodiment, each tile 4 is arranged to be adjacent to other tiles 4 via the joint 17. The tiles 4 of this embodiment are arranged in a herringbone pattern, but are not particularly limited. For example, they may be arranged in a random pattern or the like.

[0030] The plurality of tiles 4 includes at least one first tile 18 and at least one second tile 19.

[0031] The first tile 18 is fixed to the first base material 5 and the second base material 6 so as to straddle the joint line 7. Such a first tile 18 enables the tiles 4 to be continuously fixed between the first base material 5 and the second base material 6, thereby enhancing the design property of the tile wall 1.

[0032] The first tile 18 includes a first portion 20 and a second portion 21. In the present embodiment, the first portion 20 is virtually divided as a region on the first base material 5 side with respect to the joint line 7. On the other hand, the second portion 21 is virtually divided as a region on the second base material 6 side with respect to the joint line 7. Note that the first portion 20 and the second portion 21 are not limited to being divided in such a manner.

[0033] The first portion 20 includes a first end 22 which is an end on the first base material 5 side. On the other hand, the second portion 21 includes a second end 23 which is an end on the second base material 6 side.

[0034] The second tile 19 is adjacent to the second end 23 side of the first tile 18 via a joint 17a. The second tile 19 of the present embodiment is configured to include a third end 24 on the first tile 18 side and a fourth end 25 on the side opposite to the third end 24.

[0035] In the present embodiment, in the first portion 20 of the first tile 18, at least the first end 22 is fixed to the first base material 5 by an adhesive cured portion 15 without including a base tape 14. On the other hand, in the second portion 21, at least the second end 23 is fixed to the second base material 6 by a composite layer 27 in which the base tape 14 and the adhesive cured portion 15 are laminated.

[0036] In this embodiment, for example, when a relative displacement occurs between the first base material 5 and the second base material 6 due to seismic motion or the like, in the first tile 18, a force that attempts to follow the first base material 5 is transmitted to at least the first end 22 of the first portion 20 via the adhesive cured portion 15. On the other hand, at least at the second end 23 of the second portion 21, the force that attempts to follow the second base material 6 is suppressed from being transmitted via the adhesive cured portion 15 disposed outside the base tape 14 due to the expansion and contraction of the base tape 14 included in the composite layer 27. As a result, the stress generated in both the first tile 18 and the adhesive layer 3 that fixes the first tile 18 between the first end 22 and the second end 23 of the first tile 18 is relaxed, so that cracking of the first tile 18 can be prevented.

[0037] Hereinafter, a preferred aspect of the structure of the tile wall 1 of this embodiment and the like will be described, but the present invention is not limited to the following aspects.

[0038] Incidentally, in the joint 17a portion between the first tile 18 and the second tile 19, minute cracks (not shown) may occur in the adhesive cured portion 15 due to the aging deterioration of the adhesive cured portion 15. When such a crack and the first side edge 26 on the second tile 19 side of the composite layer 27 (base tape 14) are adjacent to each other, water (rain, snow, etc.) that has entered from the crack may enter between the base tape 14 and the wall base 2 via the first side edge 26. In this case, for example, in a cold region such as Hokkaido, when the infiltrated water (rain, snow, etc.) freezes into ice, its volume expands, so that the first tile 18 may be partially peeled off and floating or the like may occur in the first tile 18.

[0039] From the perspective of suppressing the occurrence of lifting or the like of the first tile 18, the composite layer 27 preferably extends at least up to the third end 24 of the second tile 19. Thereby, even if minute cracks occur in the adhesive cured portion 15 in the joint 17a between the first tile 18 and the second tile 19, it is suppressed that the cracks and the first side edge 26 of the composite layer 27 (base tape 14) are adjacent to each other. Thereby, it is possible to prevent water (such as rain, snow, etc.) that has penetrated from the cracks from penetrating between the base tape 14 and the wall base 2 through the first side edge 26, and the occurrence of lifting or the like of the first tile 18 can be suppressed.

[0040] The first side edge 26 of the composite layer 27 preferably terminates between the third end 24 and the fourth end 25 of the second tile 19. Thereby, it is more surely prevented that the above-mentioned cracks and the first side edge 26 of the composite layer 27 (base tape 14) are adjacent to each other, and the occurrence of lifting or the like of the first tile 18 can be effectively suppressed. Also, in the portion between the first side edge 26 and the fourth end 25, the second tile 19 can be firmly fixed to the second base material 6 by the adhesive cured portion 15 without including the base tape 14.

[0041] The first horizontal length L1 between the first side edge 26 of the composite layer 27 and the third end 24 of the second tile 19 is preferably 10% to 30% of the second horizontal length L2 of the second tile 19 in the horizontal direction. By setting the first length L1 to be 10% or more of the second length L2, the occurrence of lifting or the like of the first tile 18 described above can be more surely suppressed. On the other hand, by setting the first length L1 to be 30% or less of the second length L2, a sufficient area can be ensured where the second tile 19 is firmly fixed to the second base material 6 by the adhesive cured portion 15. Thereby, peeling of the second tile 19 can be prevented.

[0042] FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2 when the second side edge terminates on the joint line. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2 when the second side edge terminates on the second base material side of the joint line.

[0043] As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the composite layer 27 preferably has a second side edge 28 that terminates in the vicinity of the joint line 7. Thereby, substantially the entire area of the first portion 20 can be firmly fixed to the first base material 5 by the adhesive cured portion 15 without including the base tape 14. Thereby, peeling of the first tile 18 can be prevented. Here, "vicinity" means a region in the horizontal direction where the horizontal distance L between the second side edge 28 and the joint line 7 is 20% or less of the third length L3 in the horizontal direction of the first tile 18.

[0044] As in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the second side edge 28 may terminate on the first base material 5 side with respect to the joint line 7. Thereby, while the entire area of the second portion 21 of the tile 4 is fixed to the second base material 6 by the composite layer 27, a part of the first portion 20 can be fixed to the first base material 5 by the composite layer 27. Thereby, the transmission of the force to follow the second base material 6 is suppressed in the entire area of the second portion 21, and the transmission of the force to follow the first base material 5 is suppressed in a part of the first portion 20. Thereby, the stress generated in the first tile 18 is relaxed, so that cracking of the first tile 18 can be prevented. Further, since the filler 11 is covered by the waterproof base tape 14, the waterproofness between the first base material 5 and the second base material 6 can be more reliably ensured.

[0045] The second side edge 28 may terminate at a portion 30 where the outer surface 5s of the first base material 5 and the first inclined surface 10a intersect. Thereby, the region where the first portion 20 of the first tile 18 and the first base material 5 overlap can be firmly fixed to the adhesive cured portion 15 without including the base tape 14. Thereby, peeling of the first tile 18 can be prevented.

[0046] As in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the second side edge 28 of the composite layer 27 may be located on the filler 11. Thus, similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the region where the first portion 20 of the first tile 18 and the first base material 5 overlap is firmly fixed to the adhesive cured portion 15 without including the base tape 14, so that peeling of the first tile 18 can be prevented. Further, when relative displacement occurs between the first base material 5 and the second base material 6 due to seismic vibration or the like, a force to follow the first base material 5 is transmitted to the side of the first base material 5 of the filler 11 via the adhesive cured portion 15. On the other hand, on the side of the second base material 6 of the filler 11, the force to follow the second base material 6 is suppressed from being transmitted via the adhesive cured portion 15 due to the expansion and contraction of the base tape 14. Thereby, cracking of the first tile 18 and peeling of the filler 11 can be prevented.

[0047] To more reliably prevent the peeling of the above-described filler 11, the second side edge 28 may terminate on the joint line 7. Here, "terminating on the joint line 7" is assumed to allow slight variations (errors) in construction. Therefore, if the second side edge 28 terminates in the range of the region separated by a distance of 2 mm from both the first base material 5 side and the second base material 6 side with respect to the joint line 7, it is included in "terminating on the joint line 7".

[0048] As in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the second side edge 28 may terminate on the second base material 6 side of the joint line 7. Thus, similar to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the region where the first portion 20 of the first tile 18 and the first base material 5 overlap is firmly fixed to the adhesive cured portion 15 without including the base tape 14, so that peeling of the first tile 18 can be prevented. Further, since the base tape 14 is not disposed between the filler 11 and the adhesive cured portion 15, a decrease in the adhesive force between the first tile 18 and the wall base 2 can be suppressed between the first base material 5 and the second base material 6.

[0049] As described above, the particularly preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments and can be implemented in various forms.

[0050] [Supplementary Note] The present invention includes the following aspects.

[0051] [Invention 1] A structure of a tiled wall of a building, a wall base, an adhesive layer disposed on the outer surface of the wall base, and a plurality of tiles fixed to the adhesive layer, the wall base includes a first base material and a second base material arranged horizontally side by side, the first base material and the second base material are butted against each other on the outer surface side of the wall base with a joining line extending vertically, the adhesive layer includes a base tape having elasticity in the in-plane direction of the tape and an adhesive cured portion where the adhesive has cured, the base tape is directly attached to the surface of the wall base, the adhesive cured portion is disposed outside the base tape so as to cover the base tape, the plurality of tiles includes at least one first tile fixed to the first base material and the second base material so as to straddle the joining line, the first tile includes a first portion including a first end that is an end on the first base material side and a second portion including a second end that is an end on the second base material side, at least the first end of the first portion is fixed to the first base material by the adhesive cured portion without including the base tape, at least the second end of the second portion is fixed to the second base material by a composite layer in which the base tape and the adhesive cured portion are laminated, A structure of a tiled wall. [Invention 2] the plurality of tiles further includes a second tile adjacent to the second end side of the first tile via a joint, the second tile includes a third end on the first tile side, the composite layer extends to at least the third end of the second tile. The structure of the tiled wall according to Invention 1. [Invention 3] The second tile includes a fourth end opposite to the third end, The composite layer has a first side edge that terminates between the third end and the fourth end of the second tile, the structure of the tile wall according to the second aspect of the present invention. [Invention 4] The composite layer has a second side edge that terminates in the vicinity of the joint line, the structure of the tile wall according to any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention. [Invention 5] The second side edge of the composite layer terminates on the joint line or on the second base material side rather than the joint line, the structure of the tile wall according to the fourth aspect of the present invention. [Invention 6] The wall base includes a groove and a filler filled in the groove between the first base material and the second base material and on the outer surface side of the wall base, The second side edge of the composite layer is located on the filler, the structure of the tile wall according to the fourth aspect of the present invention.

Explanation of reference numerals

[0052] 1 Tile wall 2 Wall base 3 Adhesive layer 4 Tile 5 First base material 6 Second base material 7 Joint line 14 Base tape 15 Adhesive cured part 18 First tile 20 First part 21 Second part 22 First end 23 Second end 27 Composite layer

Claims

1. A structure of a tiled wall of a building, comprising: a wall base; an adhesive layer disposed on the outer surface of the wall base; a plurality of tiles fixed to the adhesive layer, wherein the wall base includes a first base material and a second base material arranged horizontally side by side, the first base material and the second base material are butted against each other on the outer surface side of the wall base with a joining line extending vertically therebetween, the adhesive layer includes a base tape having elasticity in the in-plane direction of the tape and an adhesive cured portion where the adhesive is cured, the base tape is directly attached to the surface of the wall base, the adhesive cured portion is disposed outside the base tape so as to cover the base tape, the plurality of tiles include at least one first tile fixed to the first base material and the second base material so as to straddle the joining line, the first tile includes a first portion including a first end which is an end on the first base material side and a second portion including a second end which is an end on the second base material side, in the first portion, at least the first end is fixed to the first base material by the adhesive cured portion without including the base tape, in the second portion, at least the second end is fixed to the second base material by a composite layer in which the base tape and the adhesive cured portion are laminated, a structure of a tiled wall.

2. the plurality of tiles further includes a second tile adjacent to the second end side of the first tile via a joint, the second tile includes a third end on the first tile side, the structure of the tiled wall according to claim 1, wherein the composite layer extends at least up to the third end of the second tile.

3. the second tile includes a fourth end opposite to the third end, the structure of the tiled wall according to claim 2, wherein the composite layer has a first side edge terminating between the third end and the fourth end of the second tile.

4. the structure of the tiled wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composite layer has a second side edge terminating in the vicinity of the joining line.

5. the structure of the tiled wall according to claim 4, wherein the second side edge of the composite layer terminates on the joining line or on the second base material side of the joining line.

6. the wall base includes a groove portion and a filler filling the groove portion between the first base material and the second base material and on the outer surface side of the wall base, the structure of the tiled wall according to claim 4, wherein the second side edge of the composite layer is located on the filler.

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