Electronic (on-screen) monochrome watermark

Abstract

To provide an image processing method, a system, and a device for rendering improved watermarks.SOLUTION: A method for rendering a watermark includes creating a watermark by applying grayscale inversion and contrast reduction to a document resulting in a visually distinguishable pattern, and rendering the watermark on the document to allow verification at different viewing angles. The watermark is created using a digital swatch sheet of multiple gray values, and the document is viewed at various angles to verify the validity of the document on the basis of the visibility and characteristics of the watermark. The watermark is modified on the basis of predefined parameters to facilitate enhanced security against fraud.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments relate to methods, systems, and devices for image processing. Embodiments also relate to the field of special imaging techniques. Embodiments further relate to the creation and rendering of special effects that can be incorporated into a rendered document. Embodiments further relate to digital watermarks.

Background Art

[0002] Special imaging techniques are a sophisticated and special set of methods used in printing applications, including the incorporation of digital watermarks. These techniques are designed to enhance the security and authenticity of printed documents, such as banknotes, passports, ID cards, and other confidential materials, by making it difficult to forge or accurately reproduce them. These special imaging techniques can also be used for non-security applications, such as incorporating special effects into greeting cards and advertising materials.

[0003] Special imaging is useful in the creation of digital watermarks, which are patterns or information embedded in a printed image and are usually not recognizable to the human eye but can be detected using special equipment or software. (Sometimes simply referred to as a "watermark") Digital watermarks can serve as a means of authentication and can contain information such as the origin, serial number, or security features of the document.

[0004] An electronic watermark may be visible or invisible. A visible watermark contains text or a pattern that is recognizable to the naked eye and difficult to accurately replicate. An invisible watermark is hidden within the content of the document and requires special tools to detect. The watermark can be made robust, meaning it remains detectable after various printing and scanning processes, or fragile, meaning it is easily damaged if the document is tampered with.

[0005] Various security printing technologies, such as color-changing inks and special imaging watermarks like GlossMarks (trademark) (GL) and ultraviolet (UV) watermarks, provide robust protection against the forgery and unauthorized use of valuable documents. These features, designed to show a single color / pattern from one angle / spectrum and reveal a visible watermark from another angle / spectrum, can provide an additional layer of security when applied to printed media. However, it is important to note that while these effects are effective in protecting physical copies such as printed concert tickets, they cannot be extended to provide the same level of protection for digital or on-screen representations. For example, traditional event tickets may rely solely on barcodes for protection, but whether digital or printed, copies can potentially compromise the integrity of the ticketing system, enable unauthorized access, and pose a vulnerability as they may alert legitimate users. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0006] The following summary is provided to facilitate an understanding of some of the innovative features specific to the disclosed embodiments and is not intended to be a complete description. A complete understanding of the various aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein can be obtained by taking the specification as a whole, including the claims, the drawings, and the abstract.

[0007] Therefore, one aspect of the embodiments is to provide an improved method, system, and device for image processing.

[0008] Another aspect of the embodiments is to provide an improved method and system for rendering an improved watermark for use in printing applications, including security and non-security type applications.

[0009] A further aspect of the embodiments is to provide a method and system for creating and rendering an improved digital watermark.

[0010] Also, one aspect of the embodiments is to provide a method and system for creating and rendering an electronic (on-screen) monochromatic watermark.

[0011] Here, the above aspects and other objects and advantages can be achieved as described herein. In one embodiment, a method of rendering a watermark can include creating a digital watermark by applying grayscale inversion and contrast reduction to a document to result in a visually distinguishable pattern, and rendering the digital watermark on the document such that verification is possible at different viewing angles.

[0012] One embodiment can further include creating a digital watermark by applying grayscale inversion and contrast reduction to a document, and further include creating a digital watch sheet with a plurality of gray values.

[0013] One embodiment can also include viewing the document at various angles to verify the validity of the document based on the visibility and characteristics of the digital watermark.

[0014] One embodiment can further include modifying the digital watermark based on predetermined parameters to facilitate enhanced security against unauthorized actions.

[0015] In one embodiment, the step or operation of rendering an electronic watermark on a document so that verification at different viewing angles is possible can further include rendering the electronic watermark in a low-cost monochrome application.

[0016] In one embodiment, a method of rendering an electronic watermark includes, in a first viewing mode, first viewing a digital watch sheet composed of a plurality of gray values on a screen to verify that a predetermined text is darker than the background, and in a second viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen to verify that a second predetermined text is lighter than the background, and at a second angle, verifying that the first viewing mode and the second viewing mode are in a reversed state, and at a third angle, verifying that for at least two gray watches on the digital watch sheet, the electronic watermark substantially disappears with respect to at least two gray watches based on a plurality of gray values.

[0017] One embodiment can further include adding at least one utility patch to the digital document based on the verified electronic watermark.

[0018] In one embodiment, the verified electronic watermark may be a single-color watermark.

[0019] In one embodiment, in the first viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen to verify that the predetermined text is darker than the background can further include verifying that the predetermined text is darker than the background in one part of the electronic watermark.

[0020] In one embodiment, in the second viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen and verifying that the second predetermined text is brighter than the background may further include verifying that the second predetermined text is brighter than the background in another part of the watermark.

[0021] One embodiment may further include generating a digital watch sheet having a plurality of gray values by arranging digital representations of a plurality of gray values among the plurality of gray values in a predetermined layout.

[0022] One embodiment may further include providing a user interface for customizing the arrangement and composition of digital representations within the digital watch sheet.

[0023] In one embodiment, a system for rendering a watermark may include at least one processor and a memory. The memory stores instructions for causing the at least one processor to, in a first viewing mode, first view a digital watch sheet composed of a plurality of gray values on a screen and verify that a predetermined text is darker than the background; in a second viewing mode, view the digital watch sheet on the screen and verify that a second predetermined text is brighter than the background; at a second angle, verify that the first viewing mode and the second viewing mode are in an inverted state; and at a third angle, verify that the watermark substantially disappears with respect to at least two gray-scale watches on the digital watch sheet, the at least two gray-scale watches being based on a plurality of gray values.

[0024] In one embodiment of the system, the instructions may further cause the at least one processor to add at least one utility patch to the digital document based on the verified watermark.

[0025] In one embodiment of the system, the verified digital watermark can include a monochromatic watermark.

[0026] In one embodiment, the instruction can further cause at least one processor to add at least one utility patch to the digital document based on the verified digital watermark including a monochromatic watermark.

[0027] In one embodiment, in the first viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen and verifying that the default text is darker than the background can further include verifying that the default text is darker than the background in one part of the digital watermark.

[0028] In one embodiment, in the second viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen and verifying that the second default text is lighter than the background can further include verifying that the second default text is lighter than the background in another part of the digital watermark.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029] Like reference numerals refer to the same or functionally similar elements throughout the separate figures, and the accompanying figures, which are incorporated herein and form a part of this specification, further illustrate the present invention and serve to explain the principles of the present invention in conjunction with the detailed description of the present invention.

Figure 1

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Figure 9

[0030] It is important to note that the drawings and figures presented herein are shown in black and white, but they may originally have been created and displayed in color. As a result, those skilled in the art will understand that even when the images and figures do not show color, they may actually depict features in color.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0031] The specific values and configurations discussed in these non-limiting examples can be changed and are merely cited to illustrate one or more embodiments and are not intended to limit their scope.

[0032] Next, with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification and illustrate certain exemplary embodiments, the subject matter will be described in more detail hereinafter. However, the subject matter can be embodied in various different forms, and accordingly, the subject matter being targeted or claimed is intended to be construed as not limited to any of the exemplary embodiments described herein, and the exemplary embodiments are provided merely for illustration. Similarly, a relatively broad scope is intended with respect to the claimed subject matter or the subject matter being targeted. In particular, for example, the subject matter can be embodied as a method, device, component, or system. Accordingly, embodiments can take the form of, for example, hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof (other than software itself). Therefore, the following detailed description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense.

[0033] Throughout this specification and the claims, terms may have subtly different meanings that are suggested or implied in the context beyond the explicitly described meaning. Similarly, phrases such as "in one embodiment" or "in an exemplary embodiment" and their variations, when used herein, do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, and phrases such as "in another embodiment" or "in another exemplary embodiment" and their variations, when used herein, may or may not refer to different embodiments. For example, the claimed subject matter is intended to include, in whole or in part, combinations of exemplary embodiments.

[0034] In general, technical terms can be understood at least in part from their use in context. For example, terms such as "and", "or", or "and / or" can have various meanings when used in this specification, depending at least in part on the context in which such terms are used. Typically, "or" when used to associate a list, such as A, B, or C, is intended to mean A, B, and C in an inclusive sense in this case, and A, B, or C in an exclusive sense in this case. Further, the term "one or more" when used in this specification can be used to describe any feature, structure, or property in a singular sense, depending at least in part on the context, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or properties in a plural sense. Similarly, terms such as "a", "an", or "the" can also be understood to convey a singular use or a plural use, depending at least in part on the context. Further, the term "based on" is not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but rather can be understood to allow for the presence of additional factors, also depending at least in part on the context, which may not necessarily be explicitly described. Further, the term "at least one" when utilized in this specification may refer to "one or more". For example, "at least one widget" may refer to "one or more widgets".

[0035] As used in this specification, the term "data" refers to a physical signal that indicates or contains information. An "image" as a physical pattern of light, or a collection of data representing physical light, can include other features such as characters, words, and text, as well as graphics.

[0036] Broadly interpreted, a "digital image" is an image represented by a collection of digital data. An image can be divided into "segments", each of which is itself an image. The segments of an image can be of any size, including the entire image. The terms "image object" or "object", as used herein, are considered to be generally equivalent to the term "segment" in the art and are used interchangeably herein.

[0037] In a digital image composed of data representing physical light, each element of the data may be referred to as a "pixel", which is a common usage in the art and refers to a picture element. Each pixel has a position and a value. Each pixel value is a set of bits in the "binary format" of the image, a grayscale value in the "grayscale format" of the image, or color space coordinates in the "color coordinate format" of the image, and the binary format, grayscale format, and color coordinate format are each two-dimensional arrays that define the image. Operations can perform "image processing" on data items related to a part of the image.

[0038] The term "metameric" as used herein may relate to metameric pairs of pattern inks. In a metameric pair of pattern inks (also simply referred to as a "metameric pair"), the print and the paper are not visually distinguishable when viewed from one angle but are visually distinguishable when viewed from another angle (with respect to the light source), which allows a watermark to be created without using more expensive spot inks, toners, and / or printers.

[0039] L * a *The term "b" (also referred to as Lab or LAB) when used in this specification, is related to the CIELAB color space, a color space defined by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). * a * b) are related to L * a * b, which represents color as three values, where L * is the perceptual lightness, a * and b * are the four unique colors of human vision: red, green, blue, and yellow. CIELAB is intended to be a uniform perceptual space, and a given numerical change corresponds to a similar perceived color change. The LAB space is not truly perceptually uniform, but nonetheless, it is useful in the industry for detecting small differences in color.

[0040] The term CMYK when used in this specification, is related to the CMYI color model, where CYMK refers to the four ink plates used: cyan, magenta, yellow, and key (black). The CMYK model functions by partially or fully masking color on a lighter, usually white background. The ink reduces the light that would normally be reflected. Such a model is considered subtractive because the ink "subtracts" red, green, and blue from white light. What remains after subtracting red from white light is cyan, what remains after subtracting green from white light is magenta, and what remains after subtracting blue from white light is yellow. An example of an additive color model is the RGB color model, in which the primary colors of red, green, and blue light are added together to reproduce a wide range of colors. "RGB" is related to the three primary colors: red, green, and blue. RGB (i.e., the RGB color model) can be used for the perception, representation, and display of images in electronic systems such as televisions and computers.

[0041] When the term "watermark" is used in this specification, it can relate to a portion of a transparent text, image, logo, or other marking that can be applied to a medium (e.g., a document, paper, photograph, image, etc.). This watermark can make it more difficult to copy or forge the medium (to which the watermark is applied via security printing) or to use it without permission. A "watermark" can be a special-purpose text or pattern that can be printed over one or more pages. For example, instead of stamping words such as Copy, Draft, Confidential on a document before distribution, those words can be added as a watermark.

[0042] Figure 1 shows an image 10 of a genuine currency placed on top of a counterfeit currency, where the counterfeit currency lacks the watermark on the right side. The image 10 shown in Figure 1 shows a genuine banknote (top) and a counterfeit banknote (bottom) that lacks the watermark on the right side. In Figure 1, the image 10 provides a visual representation of the genuine currency note juxtaposed on top of the counterfeit counterpart. The image 10 serves to show a comparative analysis between the genuine banknote located at the top and the counterfeit banknote located at the bottom. Thus, an important element for differentiating between the two is the absence of a watermark on the right side of the counterfeit currency.

[0043] Figure 2 shows an image 20 that exhibits a color shift. The text 22 shown as "100" in Figure 2 is positioned on top of the text 24 also shown as "100" in the image 20. This image shows the effect of shift ink made from a special (and often more expensive) ink that appears as two different colors at two different angles. The image 20 emphasizes the unique property of shift ink - a unique formulation that includes a special, and often more expensive, ink that shows a two-color appearance when viewed from different angles.

[0044] The juxtaposition of two instances of the text / digit "100" within the image serves to emphasize the color shift characteristics of the ink. At one angle, texts 22 and 24 may appear as one specific color, and as the viewing angle changes, the color seamlessly changes to another hue. This effect is a direct result of the specialized characteristics of the shift ink, demonstrating its ability to show two distinct colors and adding an additional layer of complexity and security to the printed matter.

[0045] Figure 3 shows an image 30 of an exemplary digital watch sheet that includes the text "HELLO WORLD". The digital watch sheet shown in Figure 3 can function as a visual reference guide that can show the range of colors achievable via digital rendering. It should be noted that as used herein, the term "digital watch sheet" can relate to a digitally generated document or image that can systematically display a set of color samples. These samples can provide a diverse palette of colors that can be generated by a digital printing system. Each color swatch within the sheet can serve as a reference point, enabling designers, printers, and others to accurately evaluate and select specific colors for intended uses.

[0046] Figure 4 shows an image 40 of an on-screen watermark that includes the text "HELLO WORLD". Figure 5 shows an image 50 of the on-screen watermark at a second angle. Figure 6 shows an image 60 of the on-screen watermark at a third angle. It can be understood that such on-screen watermarks can be displayed on the display screen of a computing device, such as computer 250 shown in Figure 8.

[0047] According to one embodiment, the following method can be implemented. 1) Create a digital watch sheet with a plurality of gray values (see, for example, Figure 3). 2) View on the screen and verify that the text "Hello W" is darker than the background (see, for example, FIG. 4). 3) View on the screen and verify that the text "orld" is lighter than the background (see, for example, FIG. 4). 4) At the second angle, verify that steps 2 and 3 are reversed (see, for example, FIG. 5). 5) At the third angle, verify that the watermark substantially disappears for the upper two swatches (see, for example, FIG. 6). 6) Add a practical patch(es) to a digital document(s).

[0048] FIG. 7 shows a high-level flowchart of operations showing a method 100 for implementing an electronic (on-screen) monochromatic watermark according to one embodiment. As shown in block 101, steps or operations can be performed that include creating a digital swatch sheet with multiple gray values (see, for example, FIG. 3). Thereafter, as shown in block 102, steps or operations can be performed that include viewing on the screen and verifying that text (e.g., "Hello W") is darker than the background in one portion of the watermark (see, for example, FIG. 4).

[0049] Next, as shown in block 103, steps or operations can be performed that include viewing on a screen and verifying that the text (e.g., "orld") is brighter than the background in other parts of the watermark (see, for example, FIG. 4). Then, as shown in block 104, at a second angle, steps or operations can be performed that include verifying that the operations shown in blocks 103 and 104 are in an inverted state (see, for example, FIG. 5). Next, as shown in block 105, at a third angle, steps or operations can be performed that include verifying that the watermark substantially disappears with respect to the upper two swatches (see, for example, FIG. 6). Finally, as shown in block 106, steps or operations can be performed for adding the utility patch(es) to the digital document(s).

[0050] It can be understood that an advantage of the disclosed technique is that it can function well in low-cost monochrome applications. That is, the disclosed method relates to techniques for evaluating and optimizing grayscale representations for use, for example, when printing or displaying monochrome content.

[0051] This technique includes creating a digital watermark sheet having multiple gray values. This process can be achieved digitally, eliminating the need for a physical watermark sheet or expensive color calibration tools. This is particularly advantageous in low-cost applications where sophisticated color calibration equipment may not be feasible. Additionally, the disclosed technique also focuses on the visual verification of text readability by comparing the darkness of the text to the background. This is a practical and simple method that does not require special equipment and is suitable for low-cost applications.

[0052] Furthermore, by validating text from different viewing angles, the method takes into account how a display or printed matter appears from various viewpoints. This is important in scenarios where a user or viewer may not always be looking straight at the content. This consideration may be particularly relevant to cost - effective display technologies that may have limited viewing angles. Note that in some embodiments, the monochromatic watermark may remain unaffected by the type of screen used. In other words, the watermark can be generated and displayed as an electronic watermark according to the disclosed method, regardless of the specific type of screen (display screen).

[0053] The use of digital watch sheets and the addition of practical patches to digital documents can streamline and make the process more efficient. This can be particularly advantageous in low - cost scenarios where manual processes or expensive printing equipment may be impractical. Additionally, the disclosed techniques can enable adjustments based on visual evaluation, thereby providing flexibility when optimizing grayscale representations. This adaptability can be useful in situations where printing or display conditions may not be ideal or consistent.

[0054] The disclosed techniques can utilize visual validation and angle - dependent evaluation to optimize grayscale representations in a cost - effective manner. This is well - suited for low - cost monochrome applications that prioritize practicality and simplicity and where advanced tools and equipment may not be readily available.

[0055] FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a printing system 200 suitable for implementing one or more of the disclosed embodiments. FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of a digital front - end controller 300 useful for implementing one or more of the disclosed embodiments. For example, the printing system 200 and / or the digital front - end controller 300 can be used to render a document with yellow and black gloss effects.

[0056] Referring to FIG. 8, a printing system (or, an image rendering system) 200 is shown that is suitable for implementing various aspects of the exemplary embodiments described herein. The printing system 200 can perform rendering operations such as scanning a document via a scanner and printing a document via a printer, and this document exhibits the disclosed yellow and black gloss effects.

[0057] Note that the term "scanner," as used herein, may refer to an image scanner, which is a device or system that can optically scan an image, printed text, handwriting, or an object and convert it into a digital image. An example of a scanner is a flatbed scanner that can place a document (e.g., paper) to be imaged on a glass window for scanning. The scanner can also be incorporated into a multi-function device (MFD) that may also have, in some cases, a printing function and a photocopying function. The scanner can also be incorporated into a printing system, such as the printing system 200 shown in FIG. 8. For example, a scanner 229 is shown in FIG. 8 as part of the printing system 200. Alternatively, or in addition to the scanner 229 included as part of the printing system 100, a separate scanner 262, also shown in FIG. 8, that can communicate with a network 260 can be implemented as the scanner.

[0058] The terms "printer" and "printing system," as used herein, can include any device and / or system such as a digital copier, an electrophotographic and reproduction printing system, a bookbinding machine, a facsimile machine, a multifunction machine, an inkjet machine, a continuous feed sheet printing device, etc., which can include a print controller and a print engine and can perform a printing output function for any purpose.

[0059] The printing system 200 may include a user interface 210, a digital front-end (DFE) controller 220, and at least one printing engine 230. The printing engine 230 accesses printing media 235 of various sizes and costs for printing jobs. The printing system 200 may include a color printer having a plurality of color marking materials.

[0060] A "printing job" or "document" is typically a set of related sheets, usually a set of original printing job sheets from a particular user or other relevant source, or a set of one or more collated copies copied from the page images of an electronic document. Digital data can be transmitted to the printing system 200 for submission of a normal printing job (or customer job).

[0061] After a job is printed by the printing engine 230, a sorter 240 may operate to manage the arrangement of hard copy output, including a cutting function. The user can access and operate the printing system 200 using the user interface 210 or via a data processing system such as a computer 250. The computer 250 can communicate bi-directionally with the printing system 200 via a communication network 260. As shown in FIG. 8, the computer 250 includes a screen (display screen) on which a digital image can be displayed for the user to view.

[0062] User profiles, printing work products, media libraries, and various printing job parameters can be stored in a database or memory 270 accessible by the computer 250 or the printing system 200 via the network 260, or such data can be accessed directly via the printing system 200. As is known in the art, one or more color sensors (not shown) can be embedded within the printer paper path.

[0063] With reference to FIG. 9, an exemplary Digital Front End (DFE) controller 300 is shown in more detail. The DFE controller 300 can include one or more processors, such as a processor 306 capable of executing machine-executable program instructions. The processor 306 can function as a DFE processor.

[0064] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the processor 306 can communicate with a bus 302 (e.g., a backplane interface bus, a crossover bus, or a data network). The digital front end 300 can also include a main memory 304 used to store machine-readable instructions. The main memory 304 can also store data. The main memory 304 can alternatively include a random access memory (RAM) to support reprogramming and flexible data storage. A buffer 366 can be used to temporarily store data for access by the processor 306.

[0065] The program memory 364 can include, for example, an executable program capable of implementing the embodiments described herein. The program memory 364 can store at least a subset of the data contained in the buffer. The digital front end 300 can include a display interface 308 capable of transferring data from the communication bus 302 (or from a frame buffer not shown) to a display 310. The digital front end 300 can also include a secondary memory 312 that can include, for example, a hard disk drive 314 and / or a removable storage drive 316, and this secondary memory 312 can read and write to removable storage devices 318 such as floppy disks, magnetic tapes, optical disks, etc., that store computer software and / or data.

[0066] The secondary memory 312 may alternatively include other similar mechanisms for enabling the loading of a computer program or other instructions into the computer system. Such mechanisms can include, for example, a removable storage unit 322 adapted to exchange data via an interface 320. Examples of such mechanisms include a program cartridge and cartridge interface (such as those found in video game devices), a removable memory chip (such as an EPROM or PROM) and associated socket, and other removable units and interfaces that enable the transfer of software and data.

[0067] The digital front end (DFE) controller 300 shown in FIG. 9 can include a communication interface 324 that can function as an input and output for enabling the transfer of software and data between the digital front end controller 300 and an external device. Examples of communication interfaces include a modem, a network interface (such as an Ethernet card), a communication port, a PCMCIA slot, and a card.

[0068] A computer program (also referred to as computer control logic) can be stored in the main memory 304 and / or the secondary memory 312, including one or more modules. A computer program or module can also be received via the communication interface 324. When such a computer program or module is executed, it enables the computer system to perform the functions and capabilities provided herein. The software and data transferred via the communication interface can be in the form of signals, such as, for example, electrical, electromagnetic, optical, or other signals that can be received by the communication interface.

[0069] These signals can be provided to a communication interface via a communication path (i.e., a channel) that conveys the signals and can be implemented using wires, cables, and optical fibers, telephone lines, cellular links, RF, or other communication channels. A portion of the data stored in the secondary memory 312 for access during the operation of the DFE can be a set of conversion tables that can convert incoming color signals into physical machine signals.

[0070] This color signal can be expressed as any of three components such as colorimetric values, i.e., usually L * a * b * and can be converted into physical exposure signals for four toners of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. These tables can be created and downloaded outside the DFE, but optionally can also be created within the DFE in a so-called characterization step. A portion of the data stored in the secondary memory 312 can also be the aforementioned conversion tables.

[0071] Some aspects of the data processing system are then presented with reference to various systems and methods. These systems and methods are described in the following detailed description and are illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or as software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0072] As an example, an element, or any part of an element, or any combination of elements, can be implemented using a "processing system" that includes one or more processors. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors (DSPs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gate logic, individual hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionalities described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors within the processing system can execute software. Software is to be broadly construed to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc., regardless of whether it is referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or the like. A mobile "app" is an example of such software.

[0073] Accordingly, in one or more exemplary embodiments, the functions described can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, the functions can be stored or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium includes computer storage media. The storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer.

[0074] The disclosed exemplary embodiments are at least partially described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams and / or schematic diagrams of methods, systems, and computer program products and data structures according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of those diagrams, and combinations of blocks, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus for generating a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions / acts specified in the block.

[0075] To clarify, the disclosed embodiments can be implemented in the context of, for example, a special purpose computer or a general purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus or system. For example, in some exemplary embodiments, the data processing apparatus or system can be implemented as a combination of a special purpose computer and a general purpose computer. A computer program product can include a computer readable storage medium having computer readable program instructions for causing a processor to execute aspects of the embodiments.

[0076] The computer program instructions described above can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory (e.g., steps / operations) include instruction means for implementing the functions / acts specified in the various blocks, flowcharts, and other architectures illustrated and described herein, thereby generating a manufactured article.

[0077] Computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on that computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, thereby generating a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions executed on that computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions / acts specified in the blocks.

[0078] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments (e.g., preferred embodiments or alternative embodiments). In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram illustrated and described herein may represent a module, segment, or portion of instructions that can include one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function.

[0079] In some alternative implementations, the functions described within the blocks can be performed in an order different from that shown in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially simultaneously, or the blocks may, depending upon the relevant functionality, sometimes be executed in the reverse order. It should also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and / or flowchart diagrams, as well as combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowchart diagrams, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or act, or by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0080] The functionality described herein can be implemented as complete and non-abstract physical hardware, as completely physical non-abstract software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or in combination of non-abstract software implementation and hardware implementation that may sometimes be referred to herein as "circuit", "module", "engine", "component", "block", "database", "agent", or "system". Further, aspects of the present disclosure can take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more non-transitory computer-readable media in which computer-readable and / or executable program code is embodied.

[0081] The following discussion is intended to provide a brief and general description of a suitable computing environment in which the system and method can be implemented. Although not essential, the disclosed embodiments are described in a general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a single computer. In most cases, a "module" (also referred to as an "engine") can be a constituent of a software application, but can also be implemented as both software and hardware (i.e., a combination of software and hardware).

[0082] In general, program modules include, but are not limited to, routines, subroutines, software applications, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific data types and instructions. Further, those skilled in the art will understand that the disclosed methods and systems can be practiced using other computer system configurations, such as, for example, handheld devices, multiprocessor systems, data networks, microprocessor-based or programmable household appliances, networked PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, servers, etc.

[0083] Note that when the term "module" is used herein, it may refer to a collection of routines and data structures that perform a particular task or implement a particular data type. A module can consist of two parts: an interface that lists constants, data types, variables, and routines that can be accessed by other modules or routines, and an implementation that typically can be made private (e.g., accessible only to that module) and includes the source code that actually implements the routines within that module. The term "module" may also simply refer to an application, such as a computer program designed to assist in performing a particular task, such as word processing, accounting, inventory management, etc.

[0084] In some exemplary embodiments, the term "module" may also refer to a modular hardware component, or a component that is a combination of hardware and software. It should be understood that the implementation and processing of such modules according to the techniques described herein can result in, for example, an improvement in processing speed, as well as energy savings and efficiency improvements, in a data processing system such as the printing system 200 shown in FIG. 8 and / or the DFE controller 300 shown in FIG. 9. A "module" can execute various steps, operations, or instructions discussed herein, such as one or more of the steps or operations discussed herein.

[0085] For example, the method described herein can be partially implemented in a computer program product that includes a module that can be executed, for example, by a DFE controller 220. The computer program product can include a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium, such as a disk, hard drive, etc., that can record (e.g., store) a control program. Note that when the term "recording medium" is used herein, it can be related to such non-transitory computer-readable recording media.

[0086] Common forms of non-transitory computer-readable media include, for example, floppy disks, flexible disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes or any other magnetic storage media, CD-ROMs, DVDs, or any other optical media, RAMs, PROMs, EPROMs, FLASH-EPROMs, or other memory chips or cartridges, or any other non-transitory media that can be read and used by a computer. The computer program product may be integrated with the DFE controller 220 (for example, an internal hard drive of the RAM), or may be separate (for example, an external hard drive operably connected to a printer), or may be separate and accessed via a digital data network such as a local area network (LAN) or the Internet (for example, via a digital network such as the network 260 shown in FIG. 8, an inexpensive disk or a redundant array of independent disks (RAID) or other network server storage device that can be indirectly accessed by the DFE controller 220).

[0087] It will be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps, operations, or instructions in the disclosed processes or methods is an example of an illustrative approach. For example, the various steps, operations, or instructions discussed herein can be executed in a different order. Similarly, the various steps and operations of the disclosed exemplary pseudocode discussed herein can be processed in a different order. It will be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of such steps, operations, or instructions in the processes or methods discussed and illustrated herein can be rearranged based on design preferences. The appended claims, for example, present the elements of various steps, operations, or instructions in a sample order and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0088] The inventors have realized a non - abstract technical solution to the technical problem for improving computer technology by improving the efficiency in such computer technology. The disclosed embodiments provide a technical improvement to computer technology such as a data processing system, and further provide a non - abstract improvement to computer technology through the technical solution to the technical problem specified in the background art section of the present disclosure. Such improvement can be obtained by implementing the embodiments. The claimed solution can be grounded in computer technology to overcome problems that particularly occur in the fields of computers, computer networks, and printing and scanning. The claimed solution can also be involved in non - abstract devices such as security devices (e.g., watermarks) including non - abstract features such as a printing medium (e.g., paper) capable of rendering the security device.

[0089] Based on the above, it can be understood that several different embodiments are disclosed herein. For example, in one embodiment, a method of rendering a watermark can include creating an electronic watermark by applying grayscale inversion and contrast reduction to a document to result in a visually distinguishable pattern, and rendering the electronic watermark on the document such that verification at different viewing angles is possible.

[0090] One embodiment can also include creating an electronic watermark by applying grayscale inversion and contrast reduction to a document, and further includes creating a digital watch sheet with a plurality of gray values.

[0091] One embodiment can further include viewing the document at various angles to verify the validity of the document based on the visibility and characteristics of the electronic watermark.

[0092] One embodiment can also include modifying the watermark based on predetermined parameters to facilitate enhanced security against improper acts.

[0093] In one embodiment, the step or operation of rendering a watermark on a document so that verification at different viewing angles is possible can further include rendering the watermark in a low-cost monochrome application.

[0094] In one embodiment, the method of rendering a watermark includes, in a first viewing mode, first viewing a digital watch sheet composed of a plurality of gray values on a screen to verify that a predetermined text is darker than the background, and in a second viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen to verify that a second predetermined text is lighter than the background, and at a second angle, verifying that the first viewing mode and the second viewing mode are in an inverted state, and at a third angle, verifying that for at least two gray watches on the digital watch sheet, the watermark substantially disappears with respect to at least two gray watches based on a plurality of gray values.

[0095] One embodiment can also include adding at least one utility patch to the digital document based on the verified watermark.

[0096] In one embodiment, the verified watermark may be a single-color watermark.

[0097] In one embodiment, in the first viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen to verify that the predetermined text is darker than the background can further include verifying that the predetermined text is darker than the background in one part of the watermark.

[0098] In one embodiment, in the second viewing mode, verifying that the second predetermined text is brighter than the background when viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen may further include verifying that the second predetermined text is brighter than the background in another part of the digital watermark.

[0099] One embodiment may further include generating a digital watch sheet having a plurality of gray values by arranging digital representations of a plurality of gray values among the plurality of gray values in a predetermined layout.

[0100] One embodiment may further include providing a user interface for customizing the arrangement and compilation of digital representations within the digital watch sheet.

[0101] In one embodiment, a system for rendering a digital watermark may include at least one processor and a memory. The memory stores instructions for causing the at least one processor to, in a first viewing mode, first view a digital watch sheet composed of a plurality of gray values on a screen and verify that a predetermined text is darker than the background; in a second viewing mode, view the digital watch sheet on the screen and verify that a second predetermined text is brighter than the background; at a second angle, verify that the first viewing mode and the second viewing mode are in an inverted state; and at a third angle, verify that the digital watermark substantially disappears for at least two graywatches on the digital watch sheet, the at least two graywatches being based on a plurality of gray values.

[0102] In one embodiment of the system, the instructions may further cause the at least one processor to add at least one utility patch to the digital document based on the verified digital watermark.

[0103] In one embodiment of the system, the verified digital watermark can include a monochromatic watermark.

[0104] In one embodiment, the instructions can further cause at least one processor to add at least one utility patch to the digital document based on the verified digital watermark that includes a monochromatic watermark.

[0105] In one embodiment, in the first viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen and verifying that the default text is darker than the background can further include verifying that the default text is darker than the background in one part of the digital watermark.

[0106] In one embodiment, in the second viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen and verifying that the second default text is lighter than the background can further include verifying that the second default text is lighter than the background in another part of the digital watermark.

[0107] It will be understood that the features and functions disclosed above, as well as other features and functions, or variations of those alternatives, can desirably be combined into many other different systems or applications. It will also be understood that various alternatives, modifications, variations, or improvements that are not presently anticipated or expected can later be made by those skilled in the art, and these are also intended to be encompassed by the following claims.

Claims

1. A method of rendering a watermark, comprising: creating an electronic watermark by applying grayscale inversion and contrast reduction to a document, resulting in a visually distinguishable pattern; rendering the electronic watermark on the document such that verification at different viewing angles is possible; A method comprising the above.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein creating the electronic watermark by applying grayscale inversion and contrast reduction to a document further comprises creating a digital watch sheet with multiple gray values.

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising viewing the document at various angles to verify the validity of the document based on the visibility and characteristics of the electronic watermark. A method comprising the above.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising modifying the electronic watermark based on predetermined parameters to facilitate enhanced security against improper acts. A method comprising the above.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising viewing the document at various angles to verify the validity of the document based on the visibility and characteristics of the electronic watermark, and modifying the electronic watermark based on predetermined parameters to facilitate enhanced security against improper acts. A method comprising the above.

6. Rendering the electronic watermark on the document such that verification at different viewing angles is possible further comprises rendering the electronic watermark in low-cost monochrome applications. The method according to claim 1.

7. A method of rendering an electronic watermark, comprising: in a first viewing mode, first viewing a digital watch sheet composed of multiple gray values on a screen to verify that a predetermined text is darker than the background; in a second viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen to verify that a second predetermined text is lighter than the background; verifying that in a second angle, the first viewing mode and the second viewing mode are in an inverted state. At a third angle, verifying that at least two gray-scale watches on the digital watch sheet substantially disappear with respect to at least two gray-scale watches based on the plurality of gray values; A method, comprising: **Claim 8** The method according to claim 7, further comprising adding at least one utility patch to the digital document based on the verified watermark. **Claim 9** The method according to claim 7, wherein the verified watermark includes a single-color watermark. **Claim 10** The method according to claim 7, further comprising adding at least one utility patch to the digital document based on the verified watermark including a single-color watermark. **Claim 11** In the first viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen and verifying that the predetermined text is darker than the background, further verifying that the verifying that the predetermined text is darker than the background is in one part of the watermark; The method according to claim 7. **Claim 12** In the second viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen and verifying that the second predetermined text is lighter than the background, further verifying that the second predetermined text is lighter than the background in another part of the watermark; The method according to claim 11. **Claim 13** The method according to claim 7, further comprising generating the digital watch sheet having a plurality of gray values by arranging digital representations of a plurality of gray values among the plurality of gray values in a predetermined layout. **Claim 14** The method according to claim 13, further comprising providing a user interface for customizing the arrangement and compilation of the digital representations within the digital watch sheet. **Claim 15** A system for rendering a watermark, comprising: at least one processor and a memory, the memory causing the at least one processor to: In a first viewing mode, first view a digital watch sheet composed of a plurality of gray values on a screen and verify that predetermined text is darker than a background; In the second viewing mode, view the digital watch sheet on the screen and verify that the second predefined text is brighter than the background; At a second angle, verify that the first viewing mode and the second viewing mode are in a reversed state; At a third angle, verify that for at least two gray-scale watches on the digital watch sheet, the digital watermark substantially disappears with respect to at least two gray-scale watches based on the plurality of gray values; stores instructions for causing the execution of; a system. **Claim 16** The system according to claim 15, wherein the instructions further cause the at least one processor to add at least one utility patch to the digital document based on the verified digital watermark. **Claim 17** The system according to claim 15, wherein the verified digital watermark includes a single-color watermark. **Claim 18** The system according to claim 15, wherein the instructions further cause the at least one processor to add at least one utility patch to the digital document based on the verified digital watermark including a single-color watermark. **Claim 19** In the first viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen and verifying that the predefined text is darker than the background may further include verifying that the predefined text is darker than the background in one part of the digital watermark; The method according to claim 15. **Claim 20** In the second viewing mode, viewing the digital watch sheet on the screen and verifying that the second predefined text is brighter than the background may further include verifying that the second predefined text is brighter than the background in another part of the digital watermark; The method according to claim 19.

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