Method of eliminating charge in potential control layer in new electrostatic generator using high charge low potential charge carrier

Abstract

To provide a method of eliminating charges in a potential control layer when recovering charges simpler and easier than a new charge carrier that can carry high charges at a low potential in an electrostatic generator.SOLUTION: An eliminated charge holder with the same type and without a potential control layer is provided behind a charge carrier 7 in a traveling direction, and is charged by a charging source 8 with a polarity different from and with an equal amount as charges present in a potential control layer 73 of the charge carrier, and the charges are added to the potential control layer 73 to make a charge amount in the potential control layer 73 zero. Thereby, the charges carried in a state in which a potential of the charge carrier 7 is enhanced can be safely recovered in a simple method.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a novel method for erasing charges in a potential control layer in order to easily recover charges transported by a novel electrostatic charge carrier that can significantly reduce the thrust for transporting a charge carrier from a low potential to a high potential and can significantly increase the amount of charge that can be transported in an electrostatic generator.

Background Art

[0002] In order to solve global warming and environmental problems, various power generation methods that do not generate carbon dioxide are being implemented. For example, nuclear power generation, solar power generation, wind power generation, and the like. However, these have difficulties in terms of safety, stability, cost, durability, and miniaturization. On the other hand, an electrostatic generator is not dangerous through manufacturing, use, and disposal, is not affected by weather or power generation time, and has a constantly stable power generation amount. Furthermore, since it is easy to miniaturize, it does not require a capacitor or a transmission line and is a low-cost power source.

[0003] Such an electrostatic generator injects charges into a charge carrier with a low-potential charge charging electrode (hereinafter referred to as a charging electrode), and against the electrostatic force (hereinafter referred to as a backward electrostatic force) acting on this in an electric field, transports the charge carrier to a high-potential charge recovery electrode (hereinafter referred to as a recovery electrode) and lifts it, and there, recovers the transported charges. The most well-known and widespread electrostatic generator at present is the Vandegraaff type electrostatic generator. Its configuration is shown in FIG. 1 (Non-Patent Document 1). At the lowest point of the insulating belt 6 serving as a charge carrier, positive charges are charged by the corona discharge electrode 2 to which a high potential is applied by the high-voltage power supply 1. The insulating belt 6 is rotated clockwise by an electric motor (not shown), and the positively charged portion enters the upper high-voltage electrode 4. There, a corona discharge occurs between the positive charge removal discharge electrode 3, and the transported positive charges are collected by the high-voltage electrode 4. Since the potential of the high-voltage electrode is, for example, one million volts, which is much higher than the potential of the charges charged to the insulating belt 6 at the lower part, it can be considered that power is generated. Its output is the product of the potential difference (one million volts) and the amount of charge transported. Although the potential difference is very large, the amount of charge transported is very small, and its output is smaller than the energy consumed by the electric motor. Therefore, from the perspective of the entire system, this is a high-voltage generator but not a generator. It is possible to increase the amount of transported charge by increasing the corona discharge voltage at the lowest point, but when the potential of the charge becomes high during transportation and the electric field strength around it exceeds the corona discharge start electric field, corona discharge occurs at that point and the transported charge disappears, so the amount of transported charge cannot be increased. Also, the method of collecting charges by corona discharge is not suitable for household use because harmful ozone is generated during the discharge.

[0004] The above three points, namely, 1. To transport the charged insulating belt 6 from the power source to the high-potential recovery source, a large thrust is required, and for this purpose, more power than the generated power is required. 2. When the amount of transported charge becomes large, its potential becomes too high during transportation and discharges, and the transported charge disappears. 3. Since the potential of the recovery electrode is higher than the potential of the carrier, corona discharge is required to collect the transported charges, but harmful ozone is generated at this time. These are the problems, and the current band graph type electrostatic generator has not been popularized as a general generator.

[0005] However, recently, a new type of charge carrier that simultaneously solves the above problems 1 and 2 has been invented (Patent Document 1). In the new type of charge carrier 7, as shown in FIG. 2, a conductive potential control layer 73 is provided near the conductive charge holding layer 71 that holds the transport charge, via an insulating layer 72, and charges of the opposite polarity to the transport charge are introduced here. The symbol 74 is an insulating support. As a result, since both charges of opposite polarities are strongly electrostatically bound at a short distance, the electric field lines that go out of the charge carrier 7 are almost eliminated, the potential becomes low even with a high charge, and also in a strong electric field, the electrostatic force received becomes small. In addition to this, a new method has also been invented to solve the remaining problem 3 by increasing the carrier potential and recovering the charge by reducing or moving the charges in the potential control layer 73 when recovering the charge. (Patent Document 2).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Non-Patent Documents

[0007]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0008] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to simplify the method of eliminating the charges in the potential control layer during charge recovery compared to the new type of charge carrier that can transport high charges at a low potential described above.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0009] Problems 1 and 2 of the above-mentioned band graph electrostatic generator are solved by introducing charges of opposite polarity to the transport charges into the potential control layer 73 provided near the charge retention layer 71 of the charge carrier 7 in order to reduce the thrust and lower the transport potential (Patent Document 1, details will be described later). Furthermore, in another invention, Problem 3 that remains is solved by reducing the charges in the potential control layer 73 or moving them to another location during charge recovery. However, since that method is somewhat mechanically and electrically complicated, a simpler method was devised. In this novel method, a substantially homogenous charge erasure retention layer is run behind the charge carrier, and charged with charges of opposite polarity and equal quantity to the charges in the potential control layer with a charging electrode, and after transferring the charges to a capacitor to lower the potential, in addition to the potential control layer, the charges in this layer are made zero.

Advantages of the Invention

[0010] When recovering charges from the charge carrier 7 with the novel configuration, a method for erasing the charges in the potential control layer to make the potential of the charge carrier 7 higher than that of the recovery electrode could be made simpler. As described above, since all three problems of the band graph type electrostatic generator have been solved, the electrostatic generator, which could only be used as a high-voltage generator until now, can now be generally used, and as renewable energy, it can be used to help solve environmental problems.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0011]

Figure 1

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Figure 3

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Figure 6

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Figure 9

[0012] Hereinafter, the configuration and the effect of the novel configuration high-charge low-potential charge carrier 7 and the improved charge recovery method that can simultaneously solve the above three problems will be described. The charge carrier of the novel configuration, the charging source (electret or electrode) that charges the charge carrier, and the recovery source that recovers the charge transported therefrom are changed from the dielectric belt of the van de Graaff type electrostatic generator to a configuration in which a large number are radially arranged on a dielectric disk in order to make the charge carrier run faster and more stably. FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a section in which one charge carrier moves from one charging source to one recovery source. The electrostatic force and its potential acting on the charge carrier during this period can be simulated by the two-dimensional difference method.

[0013] In FIG. 3, reference numeral 6 denotes a dielectric charge carrier substrate having a disc shape. Reference numeral 7 denotes a novel charge carrier having upper and lower flat electrodes as a charge holding layer 71 and upper and lower flat electrodes as a potential control layer 73, and is hereinafter referred to as a four-layer charge carrier from its shape. Reference numeral 8 denotes an electret for charging, which is normally negatively charged. Reference numeral 9 denotes a charge recovery terminal, and reference numeral 10 denotes a capacitor for accumulating the recovered charges. Reference numeral 11 is a charging terminal for grounding and charging the charge carrier 7 by electrostatic induction when the charge carrier 7 enters from the left and comes to the middle of the charging electret 8.

[0014] Between the charging electret 8 and the recovery electrode 9, an electrostatic force in the -X direction, an electrostatic force in the Y direction, and an electrostatic force in the +X direction act on the four-layer charge carrier 7 that advances to the right in the drawing. However, the electrostatic force acting in the +Y direction on the upper charge holding layer 71 of the charge carrier 7 and the electrostatic force acting in the -Y direction on the lower charge holding layer 71 are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, so they cancel each other out. Eventually, the electrostatic force acting in the Y direction on the charge carrier 7 becomes zero. The -X direction electrostatic force is the sum of the electric field force (Coulomb force) generated by the electric field formed between the charging electret 8 and the recovery electrode 9 and the retarding mirror image force generated between the back electrode of the charging electret 8. Similarly, the +X direction electrostatic force is the sum of the electric field force (Coulomb force) and the advancing mirror image force generated between the recovery electrode terminal 9. Therefore, the electrostatic force in the X direction acting on the four-layer charge carrier 7 while the charged four-layer charge carrier 7 moves from the charging electret 8 to the recovery electrode terminal 9 and the potential of the four-layer charge carrier 7 at that time were simulated by the two-dimensional difference method under changing conditions. Then, the shape of the following charge carrier was selected based on the result of the simulation.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

Example

[0015] Charge carriers with various configurations that can solve the above three problems were devised, and their effects were verified by simulation. As a result, it was found that the charge carrier with the configuration shown in FIG. 4 can achieve this purpose. Although this configuration is not the best, it will be introduced. We look forward to many better configurations being proposed in the future. The electrode configuration of the high-charge low-potential charge carrier 7 is a four-layer configuration of the front and back charge holding layers 71 and the potential control layer 73 inside thereof. Therefore, hereinafter, the charge carrier 7 with this configuration is referred to as a four-layer charge carrier 7. In this configuration, the thickness of the charge holding layer 71 is 0.04 mm, the thickness of the potential control layer 73 is 0.02 mm, the width is 5.0 mm, the potential is 0 V, the thickness of the dielectric layer 72 between the charge holding layer 71 is 0.16 mm, and the thickness of the dielectric layer 74 between the upper and lower potential control layers 73 is 0.24 mm. The relative permittivity of the three dielectric layers was 4.6. As a result, the thickness of the dielectric layer between the upper and lower charge holding layers 71 was 0.60 mm, and the thickness of the charge carrier 7 was 0.68 mm. It has a sufficient thickness to maintain mechanical strength. Note that the width of the charge carrier 7 was 5.0 mm and the depth was 40.0 mm.

[0016] The charging electret 8 has a width of 6.4 mm, a thickness of 0.08 mm, a depth of 40 mm, and a surface potential of +3700 V (surface charge density 0.41 mC / m 2 ), the recovery electrode 9 has a width of 0.0 mm (note that, as described later, in order to recover the transported charge in multiple times, it was changed from a flat electrode to a vertical thread shape) and a depth of 40 mm, a potential of -5000 V, and the distance between the charging electret 8 and the recovery electrode 9 was 18.8 mm. When the charge carrier 7 enters under the charging electret 8, the distance therebetween is 1.04 mm. As a result, the amount of charging charge to the charge carrier 7 was -12.25 nC. Note that an erasing charge holding layer 13 with a width of 5.0 mm was placed 12.9 m behind the charge carrier 7. Its shape is not shown, but it is the shape obtained by removing the potential control layer 73 from the charge carrier 7 shown in FIG. 3.

[0017] With the above configuration, while the charge carrier 7 is under the charging electret 8 and the charge holding layer 71 is grounded, after being charged by electrostatic induction, when it exits the charging electret 8 and reaches the recovery electrode 9, the electrostatic force received during that time and the potential of the charge carrier 7 at that time were simulated by the two-dimensional difference method. The results are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, arranged side by side with the case where there is no potential control layer 73. Note that the grounding of the charge holding layer 71 is cut off after charging, and the charge holding layer becomes floating. However, the grounding of the potential control layer 73 is maintained. As a result, a negative charge (+12.25 nC) of the opposite polarity to the charge (-12.25 nC) of the charge holding layer 71 is injected into the potential control layer 73 to maintain the potential of the charge carrier 7 at a low potential. From FIG. 5, it can be seen that when there is a potential control layer 73, the backward electrostatic force acting on the charge carrier 7 is almost eliminated. As a result, the electrostatic energy required to transport the charge carrier 7 charged with -12.25 nC from the +3700 V charging electret 8 to the -5000 V recovery electrode 9, which was originally 55.1 μJ, has become almost zero. In FIG. 5, a large forward image force acts at the end. This is the result of the two-dimensional simulation where the recovery electrode terminal is a flat plate with a thin depth of 40 mm. In reality, since the recovery electrode terminal is filamentous, such a large forward image force does not occur.

[0018] Also, from FIG. 6, when there is no potential control layer 73, the potential of the charge carrier 7 during transportation exceeds -60000 V at most, and discharge definitely occurs and the transported charge disappears. On the other hand, when there is a potential control layer 73, the potential of the charge carrier 7 will never discharge absolutely at -169 to -288 V. However, when the charge carrier 7 approaches within 20 μm immediately before the -5000 V recovery electrode terminal 12, the potential of the charge holding layer 71 is -288 V, which is lower than the recovery potential of -5000 V. Even if the two are made conductive at the recovery terminal 12, the transported charge will not move to the recovery electrode 9, that is, it will not be recovered.

[0019] Therefore, in order to collect the transported charges, it is necessary to raise the potential from -288V to -5000V or higher. As described above, the potential of the charge carrier 7 is low because there are equal amounts of charges of opposite polarities to the charges in the charge holding layer 71 in the potential control layer 73 close to the charge holding layer 71. Therefore, if the charges of opposite polarities in this charge control layer 73 are removed, the potential of the charge carrier 7 will increase. However, even if the charge control layer 73 is grounded, the charges do not move. This is because there are equal amounts of charges of opposite polarities close to the charge holding layer 71. Therefore, although the charges in the charge control layer 73 cannot be moved even if grounded, charges of opposite polarities to the charges in the charge control layer 73 can be supplied here to erase the charges in the charge control layer 73. The present invention provides a new method for easily preparing this erasing charge.

[0020] The method is very simple. An erasing charge holding body 13 obtained by removing the potential control layer 73 from the four-layer charge carrier 7 shown in FIG. 3 is placed behind the charge carrier 7. When the charging electret 8 passes, charges of opposite polarities and equal amounts to the charges in the potential control layer are charged. Then, it is only necessary to connect to an external capacitor 14 and transfer the charges from the erasing charge holding body 13 to the capacitor 14. Here, the erasing charge holding body 13 and the potential control layer 71 of the charge carrier 7 are not directly connected because the potential of the charged erasing charge holding body 13 is high and it will be damaged by discharge if connected by the electronic circuit 15. Depending on the capacitance of the external capacitor 14, the potential of the capacitor 14 after moving the charges can be made sufficiently low, and the electronic circuit 15 can be used safely. It should be noted that it is also possible to directly mechanically connect the electrical connection between the two without using the above method.

[0021] When the external capacitor 14 storing the erasing charge is electrically connected to the potential control layer 73 of the charge carrier 7 to erase the charges in the potential control layer 73, the potential of the charge carrier 7 increased from -288V to -10208V. As a result, when the charge holding layer 71 having a charge of -12.25 nC at a potential of -10208 V is connected to the -5000 V recovery electrode terminal 9, a charge of -6.2 nC moves to the -5000 V recovery capacitor. That is, power generation occurs. The generated energy is 31 μJ by multiplying the two.

[0022] As described above, by adding the potential control layer 73 to the parallel plate type charge carrier 7, even if a large amount of charge is held in the charge holding layer 71, the charge carrier 7 can be transported from the charging electret 8 to the recovery electrode 9 with a small thrust. Furthermore, by placing the charge erasing holding body 13 behind the charge carrier 7 and charging the charge control layer 73 with an equal amount of charge having the opposite polarity to the charge of the potential control layer 73 by the charging electret 8 and adding this charge to the potential control layer 73, the potential of the charge holding layer 71 can be made higher than the recovery potential to generate power. However, the above description is for the case where there is one charging electrode 8 and one recovery electrode 9 each, and the generated energy is small. In order to obtain more generated energy, it is necessary to arrange a large number of this combination (hereinafter referred to as one unit) and move a large number of charge carriers 7 at high speed between them. Hereinafter, an example of a high energy output device will be disclosed, but this is not the best device. We are looking forward to the proposal of a better device in the near future.

[0023] The four-layer charge carrier 7 and the charge erasing holding body 13 behind it can be easily manufactured by known four-layer PCB manufacturing technology. At that time, a large number of them can be manufactured radially on a dielectric disc with a diameter of 12 cm as shown in FIG. 7, alternating between the two. Hereinafter, this disc will be referred to as the charge carrier disc 16. In the figure, reference symbol 7.1 is the external terminal of the charge holding layer 71, and reference symbol 12 is the external terminal of the charge erasing holding body 13. Also, although six each of the charge carrier 7 and the charge erasing holding body 13 are shown, there are actually eight each.

[0024] On the surface of a fluororesin layer with a width of 6.4 mm, a thickness of 0.16 mm, and a relative dielectric constant of 2.0, the surface charge density is -0.41 mC / m by corona discharge. 2The charge electret 8 was fabricated by charging it with an electric charge and attached to predetermined positions of the following charging and recovery disks 17 and 18. Its surface potential becomes -3705 V when there is nothing around it. (Note: In the above simulation, for the convenience of calculation, a positively charged electret was used, and the following description also follows this. However, in reality, the electret is usually negatively charged. Therefore, please reverse all the signs when implementing.) As the charge carrier disk 16 rotated and the charge carrier 7 entered directly below the charge electret 8, when the charge holding layer 71 was grounded, a charge of -12.25 nC was charged to the charge holding layer 71 by electrostatic induction. The distance between the two at this time was 1.04 mm. A filamentous recovery electrode 9 was placed 18.8 mm ahead of the charge electret 8. Its potential was -5000 V. The charge electret 8 and the recovery electrode 9 were fabricated in a plurality of sets radially on a dielectric disk with a diameter of 12 cm and a thickness of 0.5 mm as shown in Fig. 8. Hereinafter, this disk is referred to as the charging and recovery disks 17 and 18. In the figure, reference numeral 13.1 is a charge erasure recovery terminal, and reference numeral 9.1 is a charge recovery terminal, both of which are filamentous. At the tip of the charge erasure recovery terminal 13.1, there is a charge erasure storage capacitor 14, and further ahead of that, there is an electronic circuit 15 for electrically connecting to the potential control layer 73. There are three charge recovery terminals 9.1, and they are respectively connected to the charge recovery storage capacitors 10.1 with potentials of -5000 V, -2500 V, and -1250 V.

[0025] One electrostatic generator can be formed by sandwiching the charge carrier disk 16 between the charging and recovery disks 17 and 18 on the coaxial 19. Hereinafter, this is called one set. However, the characteristic of the four-layer charge carrier 7 is that its thrust is very low. Therefore, it is very wasteful to rotate only one charge carrier disk 16 by an external force. Thus, as shown in Fig. 9, a set composed of a charge carrier disk 16 and charge recovery disks 17, 18 is stacked in multiple stages, and it is efficient to rotate multiple charge carrier disks 16 simultaneously with one motor 20. For example, since the thickness of a set composed of one charge carrier disk 16 and one charge recovery disk 17 is 3.26 mm, 30 sets can be stacked in a square container with a height of 10 cm. Since the charge recovery disks 17, 18 have the charge electrets 8 and the recovery electrode terminals 9 on the front and back, only one charge recovery disk 17, 18 to be inserted between the charge carrier disks 16 may be used as shown in Fig. 9.

[0026] Assuming that the charge carrier disk 16 rotates at 9000 rpm due to its low thrust. That is, it rotates 150 times per second. There are 8 four-layer charge carriers 7 on the charge carrier disk 16, and each is charged with a charge of -12.25 nC by the charge electret 8 and transported to the recovery electrode 9 at -5000 V. There, the potential of the charge carrier rises to -10208 V by erasing the charge of the potential control layer 73, and when the external terminal 7.1 of the charge holding layer 71 contacts the first recovery terminal 9.1, a charge of -6.2 nC is recovered by the first recovery capacitor 10.1 at -5000 V. There are 8 sets (units) of the charge electret 8 and the recovery electrode 9 on the charge recovery disks 17, 18. Therefore, when the charge carrier disk 16 rotates once, one charge carrier passes through the charge recovery unit 8 times, 6.2 nC * 8 = 49.6 nC so the charge of 49.6 nC is recovered by the recovery capacitor 10.1. Since there are 8 four-layer charge carriers 7 on the charge carrier disk 16, in one rotation of it, 835 nC of charge is recovered. The charge carrier disk 16 rotates 150 times per second, so per second, The charge of TIFF2025106771000003.tif843 is recovered. That is, the recovery current is 0.0595 mA. Since the recovery potential is +5000 V, the output of one set is TIFF2025106771000004.tif853. In a CD cassette type generator with a thickness of 10 cm, 30 sets are stacked. So, in one rotation of them, TIFF2025106771000005.tif840 is obtained.

[0027] When the external terminal 7.1 of the charge holding layer 71 collides with the first recovery electrode terminal 9.11, half of the transported charge is recovered, but the other half of the charge remains in the potential holding layer 71, and its potential is -5000 V. Therefore, next, when the external terminal 7.1 contacts the second recovery electrode terminal 9.12 with a potential of -2500 V, -3.1 nC of charge is recovered by the second recovery capacitor 10.2 with a potential of -2500 V. Calculating the output at this time in the same way as above, it becomes 2.232 W. There is still -2500 V of charge remaining at -1.55 nC. So, if this is similarly recovered by the third recovery capacitor 10.3 with a potential of -1250 V, its output is 0.558 W. Therefore, when the 30 charge carrier disks 16 stored in a CD cassette with a thickness of 10 cm rotate at 9000 rpm, the output is 8.925 + 2.232 + 0.558 = 11.715 W is obtained. The output of TIFF2025106771000006.tif9154 is 7.5 kW.

[0028] All of the above has been described for the four-layer charge carrier 7 with the conductive charge holding layer 71 on both the front and back surfaces of the dielectric support 74. However, the effect of the potential control layer 73 is equally great for the charge carrier 7 with the charge holding layer 71 on only one side. Also, although it has been described for the case where there are two potential control layers in the dielectric support 74, the effect is the same even if there is one or three or more. Note that the configuration of the high-charge and low-potential charge carrier 7 is not limited to the rotating disk type having a plurality of charge holding layers 71 radially on the above-described dielectric disk, but is also effective for a dielectric belt circulation type such as a Van de Graaff electrostatic generator. Also, although the charging method of the charge carrier 7 has been described by the electrostatic induction method using the charging electret 8, corona discharge or triboelectric charging may be used as in the case of a Van de Graaff electrostatic generator. Since the four-layer charge carrier is characterized by low thrust, in order to rotate a long belt or a large number of stacked disks, natural forces such as wind power and hydraulic power can be used instead of an electric motor, and it is also possible to rotate it by a light manual rotation. Furthermore, if an electret electrostatic motor (see Patent Document 3) using an asymmetric electrostatic force is used, it is possible to generate electricity for 100 years, which is the same as the life of the electret, without supplying external energy.

Explanation of symbols

[0029] 1: DC power source for discharging of Van de Graaff type electrostatic generator 2: Discharge electrode for imparting positive charge of Van de Graaff type electrostatic generator 3: Discharge electrode for removing positive charge of Van de Graaff type electrostatic generator 4: High voltage electrode of Van de Graaff type electrostatic generator 5: Discharge electrode for imparting negative charge of Van de Graaff type electrostatic generator 6: Insulating belt of Van de Graaff type electrostatic generator and dielectric support of electrostatic generator 7: Charge carrier 71: Charge holding layer of charge carrier 72: Dielectric layer between charge holding layer and potential control layer of charge carrier 73: Potential control layer of charge carrier 74: Dielectric support of charge carrier 7.1: External terminal of charge carrier 8: Charging electret 9: Charge recovery electrode 9.1: First charge recovery terminal 9.2: Second charge recovery terminal 9.3: Third charge recovery terminal 10: Capacitor for accumulating recovered charges 10.1: First capacitor 10.2: Second capacitor 10.3: Third capacitor 11: Conductive terminal for charge charging 12: External terminal of charge elimination holding body 13: Charge elimination holding body 13.1: Charge elimination recovery terminal 14: Capacitor for charge elimination storage 15: Electronic circuit connecting charge holding layer and capacitor for charge elimination storage 16: Charge carrier disk in which charge carriers and charge elimination holding bodies are formed radially 17: Upper charge charging and recovery disk in which charging electrets and recovery electrodes are formed radially 18: Lower charge charging and recovery disk in which charging electrets and recovery electrodes are formed radially 19: Rotation axis (support column) of charge carrier disk 20: Electric motor for rotating multi-stage charge carrier disks

Claims

1. In an electrostatic generator that charges a charge carrier, transports it to a recovery electrode, and recovers the transported charge there, a charge carrier having a potential control layer in the vicinity of a charge retention layer is used. When it is transported to the recovery electrode at a low potential, the charges in the potential control layer are erased by adding charges of opposite polarity of an erase charge retention body, and the potential of the charge carrier is made higher than the potential of the recovery electrode.

2. In Claim 1, an erase charge retention body is disposed behind the charge carrier in the traveling direction, and charges of opposite polarity to the charges in the potential control layer are charged to the erase charge retention body by a charging source of the charge carrier.

3. In Claim 2, the charges of the erase charge retention body charged by the charging source are transferred to an erase charge retention capacitor and held at a low potential.

4. In Claim 1, the charges held in the erase charge retention capacitor are applied to the potential control layer.

5. In Claim 4, the erase charge retention capacitor and the potential control layer are electrically connected by an electronic circuit.

6. In Claim 3, an external terminal on the whisker is provided on the erase charge retention body and brought into contact with an erase charge recovery terminal connected to the erase charge retention capacitor.

7. In Claim 2, the area of the erase charge carrier is charged by the charging source to such a size that all the charges in the potential control layer can be erased when the charge carrier reaches the recovery position.

8. In Claim 1, the charge carrier is fabricated with an existing four-layer PCB, its outer copper layer is used as the charge retention layer, its inner copper layer is used as the potential control layer, and the erase charge retention body has a configuration in which the inner copper layer is removed therefrom.

9. In Claim 1, when recovering charges from the charge carrier to a recovery capacitor, the charges are sequentially recovered separately from a high-potential recovery electrode capacitor to a low-potential recovery electrode capacitor.

10. In Claim 9, an external terminal is provided on the potential retention layer of the charge carrier and sequentially brought into contact with the recovery terminals of recovery capacitors having different potentials.

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