Display panel

Abstract

To provide a display panel.SOLUTION: A display panel includes a display region, an insulating film, and a sealing film. The display region includes a pixel, and the pixel includes a display element and a color conversion layer. The insulating film covers the display element, the sealing film includes a region where a color conversion layer is sandwiched between the region and the insulating film. Also, the sealing film is provided with a region in contact with the insulating film outside the display region. The display element includes a first layer, a second layer, a third layer, and a fourth layer. The first layer comprises a first material and a second material, the second layer comprises a third material, the third layer comprises a luminescent material and a fourth material, and the fourth layer comprises a fifth material and a sixth material. The first material has a HOMO level between -5.7 eV and -5.4 eV inclusive, the second material has an acceptor property, the third material has a lower HOMO level than the first material, and the fourth material has a lower HOMO level than the third material. The fifth material has a HOMO level of -6.0 eV or higher, and the sixth material is an organic complex of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] One aspect of the present invention relates to a display panel, an information processing apparatus, or a semiconductor device.

[0002] Note that one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field. The technical field of one aspect of the invention disclosed in this specification and the like relates to an article, a method, or a manufacturing method. Or, one aspect of the present invention relates to a process, a machine, a manufacture, or a composition of matter. Therefore, more specifically, as the technical field of one aspect of the present invention disclosed in this specification, a semiconductor device, a display device, a light-emitting device, a power storage device, a storage device, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof can be given as an example.

Background Art

[0003] The practical application of light-emitting devices (organic EL elements) using electroluminescence (EL) using organic compounds has been progressing. The basic configuration of these light-emitting devices is such that an organic compound layer (EL layer) containing a light-emitting substance is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes. By applying a voltage to this element to inject carriers and utilizing the recombination energy of the carriers, light emission from the light-emitting substance can be obtained.

[0004] Since such a light-emitting device is self-luminous, when used as a pixel of a display, it has advantages such as higher visibility than liquid crystal and no need for a backlight, and is suitable as a flat panel display element. In addition, a display using such a light-emitting device can be manufactured to be thin and lightweight, which is also a great advantage. Furthermore, it is also characterized by a very fast response speed.

[0005] In addition, since these light-emitting devices can form a light-emitting layer continuously in two dimensions, planar light emission can be obtained. This is a characteristic that is difficult to achieve with point light sources typified by incandescent bulbs and LEDs, or line light sources typified by fluorescent lamps. Therefore, it has high utility value as a planar light source that can be applied to lighting and the like.

[0006] Displays and lighting devices using such light-emitting devices are very suitable for various electronic devices, and research and development are underway to obtain light-emitting devices with better efficiency and longer lifespan.

[0007] Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a hole-transporting material having a HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital) level between the HOMO level of the first hole-injecting layer in contact with the hole-injecting layer and the HOMO level of the host material is provided between the first hole-transporting layer and the light-emitting layer.

[0008] Although the characteristics of light-emitting devices have improved remarkably, it still has to be said that they are insufficient to meet the high demands for all characteristics, including efficiency and durability.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0009]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0010] One aspect of the present invention is to provide a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability as one of the problems. Or, to provide a novel information processing device excellent in convenience or reliability as one of the problems. Or, to provide a novel display panel, a novel information processing device, or a novel semiconductor device as one of the problems.

[0011] Note that the description of these problems does not prevent the existence of other problems. Note that one aspect of the present invention does not need to solve all of these problems. Note that other problems will become apparent from the description in the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and it is possible to extract these other problems from the description in the specification, drawings, claims, etc.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0012] (1) One aspect of the present invention is a display panel having a display area, an insulating film, and a sealing film.

[0013] The display area includes a first pixel, and the first pixel includes a first display element and a first color conversion layer.

[0014] The first color conversion layer includes a region overlapping the first display element, and the first color conversion layer converts the first light into the second light. The second light has a spectrum including a high proportion of light having a longer wavelength compared to the first light.

[0015] The insulating film 573 covers the first display element, the sealing film includes a region sandwiching the first color conversion layer between the insulating film, and the sealing film includes a region in contact with the insulating film outside the display area.

[0016] The first display element emits the first light, and the first display element includes a first layer, a second layer, a third layer, and a fourth layer.

[0017] The third layer is sandwiched between the second layer and the fourth layer, and the second layer is sandwiched between the first layer and the third layer.

[0018] The first layer includes a first material and a second material, the second layer includes a third material, the third layer includes a light-emitting material and a fourth material. Also, the fourth layer includes a fifth material and a sixth material.

[0019] The first material has a HOMO level of -5.7 eV or more and -5.4 eV or less, and the second material has an acceptor property.

[0020] The third material has a HOMO level lower than that of the first material, and the fourth material has a HOMO level lower than that of the third material.

[0021] The fifth material has a HOMO level of -6.0 eV or higher, and the sixth material is an organic complex of an alkali metal or an organic complex of an alkaline earth metal.

[0022] (2) Further, in one aspect of the present invention, the fifth material has an electron mobility of 1×10 -7 cm 2 / Vs or more and 5×10 -5 cm 2 / Vs or less at the square root of the electric field strength [V / cm] of 600, and the above display panel.

[0023] Thereby, it is possible to suppress a decrease in display quality that occurs after the start of use. Or, it is possible to suppress a decrease in color reproducibility that occurs after the start of use. Or, it is possible to suppress a decrease in luminance that occurs after the start of use. Or, it is possible to suppress the intrusion of impurities that degrade characteristics from the outside. Or, it is possible to display vivid colors. Or, it has excellent productivity. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability.

[0024] (3) Further, in one aspect of the present invention, the first color conversion layer includes quantum dots and a translucent resin, and the above display panel.

[0025] Thereby, it is possible to narrow the width of the spectrum of the second light h2. Or, it is possible to use light with a narrow half-value width of the spectrum. Or, it is possible to display colors with high chroma. Or, it is possible to prevent aggregation of quantum dots. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability.

[0026] (4) Further, in one aspect of the present invention, the first light is blue light, and the above display panel.

[0027] As a result, blue light can be converted into green light. Or, blue light can be converted into red light. Or, blue light can be converted into light with a longer wavelength than blue light. As a result, a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided.

[0028] (5) Further, one aspect of the present invention is the above-described display panel in which the first display element includes a first light-emitting unit, a second light-emitting unit, and an intermediate layer.

[0029] The intermediate layer includes a region sandwiched between the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit, and has a function of supplying holes to one of the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit and supplying electrons to the other.

[0030] The first light-emitting unit emits blue light, and the second light-emitting unit also emits blue light.

[0031] As a result, the luminous efficiency can be increased. Or, the power consumption can be reduced. Or, as a result, a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided.

[0032] (6) Further, one aspect of the present invention is the above-described display panel having a functional layer 520.

[0033] The functional layer includes a region overlapping with the display element, the functional layer includes a first pixel circuit, and the functional layer includes an opening.

[0034] The first pixel includes a first pixel circuit, and the first pixel circuit is electrically connected to the first display element at the opening.

[0035] As a result, the operation of the display element can be controlled. As a result, a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided.

[0036] (7) Further, one aspect of the present invention is the above-described display panel in which the above-described display region 231 includes a second pixel and a third pixel.

[0037] The first pixel displays red.

[0038] The second pixel displays green, and the second pixel includes a second color conversion layer.

[0039] The third pixel displays blue.

[0040] The first color conversion layer converts blue light into red, and the second color conversion layer converts blue light into green light.

[0041] As a result, a full-color image can be displayed. Or, the decrease in the luminance of the display element that occurs after the start of use can be made the same in a plurality of pixels that display different colors. Or, the deterioration of the display element due to use can be made the same. Or, the decrease in color reproducibility that occurs after the start of use can be suppressed. As a result, a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided.

[0042] (8) Further, one aspect of the present invention is an information processing apparatus including one or more of a keyboard, a hardware button, a pointing device, a touch sensor, an illuminance sensor, an imaging device, a voice input device, a gaze input device, a posture detection device, and the above-described display panel.

[0043] In the drawings attached to this specification, the components are classified by function and shown as block diagrams as independent blocks, but in actuality, it is difficult to completely separate the components by function, and one component may be related to a plurality of functions.

[0044] In this specification, the source and drain of a transistor may have their names swapped depending on the polarity of the transistor and the levels of the potentials applied to each terminal. Generally, in an n-channel transistor, the terminal to which a low potential is applied is called the source, and the terminal to which a high potential is applied is called the drain. Also, in a p-channel transistor, the terminal to which a low potential is applied is called the drain, and the terminal to which a high potential is applied is called the source. In this specification, for the sake of convenience, when explaining the connection relationship of transistors, it may be assumed that the source and drain are fixed, but actually, the names of the source and drain are swapped according to the above potential relationship.

[0045] In this specification, the source of a transistor means a source region that is a part of a semiconductor film functioning as an active layer, or a source electrode connected to the semiconductor film. Similarly, the drain of a transistor means a drain region that is a part of the semiconductor film, or a drain electrode connected to the semiconductor film. Also, the gate means a gate electrode.

[0046] In this specification, the state in which transistors are connected in series means, for example, a state in which only one of the source or drain of the first transistor is connected to only one of the source or drain of the second transistor. Also, the state in which transistors are connected in parallel means a state in which one of the source or drain of the first transistor is connected to one of the source or drain of the second transistor, and the other of the source or drain of the first transistor is connected to the other of the source or drain of the second transistor.

[0047] In this specification, "connection" means an electrical connection, corresponding to a state in which current, voltage, or potential can be supplied or transmitted. Therefore, the connected state does not necessarily refer to a directly connected state, but also includes a state in which current, voltage, or potential is indirectly connected through circuit elements such as wiring, resistors, diodes, and transistors so that they can be supplied or transmitted.

[0048] In this specification, even when components that are independent on a circuit diagram are connected, actually, for example, when a part of a wiring functions as an electrode, there may be a case where one conductive film has functions of a plurality of components. In this specification, the connection includes such a case where one conductive film has functions of a plurality of components within its scope.

[0049] Also, in this specification, one of the first electrode or the second electrode of a transistor refers to the source electrode, and the other refers to the drain electrode.

Advantages of the Invention

[0050] According to one aspect of the present invention, a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided. Or, a novel information processing apparatus excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided. Or, a novel display panel, a novel information processing apparatus, and a novel semiconductor device can be provided.

[0051] Note that the description of these effects does not prevent the existence of other effects. Note that one aspect of the present invention does not necessarily have to have all of these effects. Note that other effects will be obvious from the description in the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and it is possible to extract these other effects from the description in the specification, drawings, claims, etc.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0052]

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Figure 15

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0053] The display panel according to one aspect of the present invention has a display area, an insulating film, and a sealing film. The display area includes pixels, and each pixel includes a display element and a color conversion layer. The color conversion layer has a region overlapping with the display element, and the color conversion layer converts the first light into the second light. The second light has a spectrum that contains a high proportion of light with a longer wavelength compared to the first light h1. The insulating film covers the display element, and the sealing film has a region sandwiching the color conversion layer between the insulating film, and the sealing film has a region outside the display area that is in contact with the insulating film. The display element emits the first light, and the display element includes a first layer, a second layer, a third layer, and a fourth layer. The third layer is sandwiched between the first layer and the fourth layer, and the second layer is sandwiched between the first layer and the third layer. The first layer includes a first material and a second material, the second layer includes a third material, the third layer includes a light-emitting material and a fourth material, the fourth layer includes a fifth material and a sixth material, the first material has a HOMO level of -5.7 eV or more and -5.4 eV or less, the second material has an acceptor property, the third material has a HOMO level smaller than that of the first material, the fourth material HOST has a HOMO level smaller than that of the third material, and the sixth material is an organic complex of an alkali metal or an organic complex of an alkaline earth metal.

[0054] Thereby, it is possible to suppress a decrease in display quality that occurs after the start of use. Or, it is possible to suppress a decrease in color reproducibility that occurs after the start of use. Or, it is possible to suppress a decrease in luminance that occurs after the start of use. Or, it is possible to suppress the intrusion of impurities that degrade characteristics from the outside. Or, vivid colors can be displayed. Or, it is excellent in productivity. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability.

[0055] The embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following description, and it will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the form and details thereof can be variously changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be construed as being limited to the description of the embodiments shown below. In the configuration of the invention described below, the same reference numerals are commonly used among different drawings for the same part or parts having the same or similar functions, and the repeated description thereof will be omitted.

[0056] (Embodiment 1) In the present embodiment, the configuration of a display panel according to an aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

[0057] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a display panel according to an aspect of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a top view of a display panel according to an aspect of the present invention, and FIGS. 1B and 1C are diagrams for explaining a part of FIG. 1A.

[0058] FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a display panel according to an aspect of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along cutting lines X1-X2, X3-X4, X9-X10 and at a pixel in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 2B is a circuit diagram for explaining the configuration of pixel circuit 530(i,j).

[0059] FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a display panel according to an aspect of the present invention. FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of pixel 702(i,j) in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view for explaining a part of FIG. 3A.

[0060] FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a display panel according to an aspect of the present invention. FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along cutting lines X1-X2 and X3-X4 in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view for explaining a part of FIG. 4A.

[0061] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a display panel according to an aspect of the present invention. FIGS. 5A and 5B are cross-sectional views for explaining the configuration of display element 550(i,j).

[0062] In this specification, a variable taking a value of one or more integers may be used as a symbol. For example, (p) including a variable p taking a value of one or more integers may be used as part of a symbol for specifying any one of up to p components. Also, for example, (m,n) including a variable m and a variable n taking values of one or more integers may be used as part of a symbol for specifying any one of up to m×n components.

[0063] <Configuration Example 1 of Display Panel 700> The display panel described in this embodiment has a display area 231, an insulating film 573, and a sealing film 574 (see FIGS. 1A and 2A).

[0064] 《Configuration Example 1 of Display Area 231》 The display area 231 includes pixels 702(i,j).

[0065] 《Configuration Example 1 of Pixel 702(i,j)》 The pixel 702(i,j) includes a display element 550(i,j) and a color conversion layer CC(j) (see FIGS. 2A and 3A).

[0066] 《Configuration Example 1 of Color Conversion Layer CC(j)》 The color conversion layer CC(j) has a region overlapping with the display element 550(i,j) (see FIGS. 2A and 3A).

[0067] The color conversion layer CC(j) has a function of converting the first light h1 into the second light h2. Note that the second light h2 has a spectrum including a high proportion of light with a longer wavelength compared to the first light h1.

[0068] 《Configuration Example 1 of Insulating Film 573》 The insulating film 573 covers the display element 550(i,j).

[0069] 《Configuration Example 1 of Sealing Film 574》 The sealing film 574 has a region sandwiching the color conversion layer CC(j) between it and the insulating film 573 (see FIG. 3A).

[0070] The sealing film 574 has a region in contact with the insulating film 573 outside the display region 231 (see FIG. 4A). For example, a film with low moisture permeability can be used for the sealing film 574 and the insulating film 573. Specifically, silicon nitride can be used for the sealing film 574 and the insulating film 573. Also, a region where the sealing film 574 and the insulating film 573 are in contact with each other can be formed outside the display region 231.

[0071] 《Configuration Example 1 of Display Element 550(i,j)》 The display element 550(i,j) emits the first light h1 (see FIG. 5A). For example, the electrode 551(i,j), the electrode 552, and the layer 553(j) containing a light-emitting material can be used for the display element 550(i,j).

[0072] Also, the first display element 550(i,j) includes a layer 111, a layer 112, a layer 113, and a layer 114. Note that the layer 111, the layer 112, the layer 113, and the layer 114 can be formed using various known film-forming methods. For example, they can be formed using a vacuum evaporation method or a printing method. Specifically, they can be formed using a resistance heating type vacuum evaporation method or an inkjet method, etc.

[0073] The layer 113 is sandwiched between the layer 112 and the layer 114. The layer 112 is sandwiched between the layer 111 and the layer 113.

[0074] The layer 111 contains the material HT1 and the material AM.

[0075] The layer 112 contains the material HT2.

[0076] The layer 113 contains a light-emitting material EM and a material HOST.

[0077] The layer 114 contains the material ET and the material OMC.

[0078] [Material HT1] Material HT1 has a HOMO level of -5.7 eV or more and -5.4 eV or less. For example, it is preferably a hole-transporting material having hole-transporting properties, and a material having any of a carbazole skeleton, a dibenzofuran skeleton, a dibenzothiophene skeleton, and an anthracene skeleton can be used for material HT. Further, an aromatic amine having a substituent containing a dibenzofuran ring or a dibenzothiophene ring, an aromatic monoamine having a naphthalene ring, or an aromatic monoamine in which a 9-fluorenyl group is bonded to the nitrogen of the amine via an arylene group can also be used for material HT. Thereby, the injection of holes into layer 112 becomes easy.

[0079] As compounds that can be used for Material HT1, specifically, N-(4-biphenyl)-6,N-diphenylbenzo[b]naphtho[1,2-d]furan-8-amine (abbreviation: BnfABP), N,N-bis(4-biphenyl)-6-phenylbenzo[b]naphtho[1,2-d]furan-8-amine (abbreviation: BBABnf), 4,4'-bis(6-phenylbenzo[b]naphtho[1,2-d]furan-8-yl-4''-phenyltriphenylamine (abbreviation: BnfBB1BP), N,N-bis(4-biphenyl)benzo[b]naphtho[1,2-d]furan-6-amine (abbreviation: BBABnf(6)), N,N-bis(4-biphenyl)benzo[b]naphtho[1,2-d]furan-8-amine (abbreviation: BBABnf(8)), N,N-bis(4-biphenyl)benzo[b]naphtho[2,3-d]furan-4-amine (abbreviation: BBABnf(II)(4)), N,N-bis[4-(dibenzofuran-4-yl)phenyl]-4-amino-p-terphenyl (abbreviation: DBfBB1TP), N-[4-(dibenzothiophene-4-yl)phenyl]-N-phenyl-4-biphenylamine (abbreviation: ThBA1BP), 4-(2-naphthyl)-4',4''-diphenyltriphenylamine (abbreviation: BBAβNB), 4-[4-(2-naphthyl)phenyl]-4',4''-diphenyltriphenylamine (abbreviation: BBAβNBi), 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-(6;1'-binaphthyl-2-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: BBAαNβNB), 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-(7;1'-binaphthyl-2-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: BBAαNβNB-03), 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-(7-phenyl)naphthyl-2-yltriphenylamine (abbreviation: BBAPβNB-03), 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-(6;2'-binaphthyl-2-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: BBA(βN2)B), 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-(7;2'-binaphthyl-2-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: BBA(βN2)B-03), 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-(4;2'-binaphthyl-1-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: BBAβNαNB), 4,4'-Diphenyl-4''-(5;2'-binaphthyl-1-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: BBAβNαNB-02), 4-(4-biphenylyl)-4'-(2-naphthyl)-4''-phenyltriphenylamine (abbreviation: TPBiAβNB), 4-(3-biphenylyl)-4'-[4-(2-naphthyl)phenyl]-4''-phenyltriphenylamine (abbreviation: mTPBiAβNBi), 4-(4-biphenylyl)-4'-[4-(2-naphthyl)phenyl]-4''-phenyltriphenylamine (abbreviation: TPBiAβNBi), 4-phenyl-4'-(1-naphthyl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: αNBA1BP), 4,4'-bis(1-naphthyl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: αNBB1BP), 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-[4'-(carbazol-9-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]triphenylamine (abbreviation: YGTBi1BP), 4'-[4-(3-phenyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl]tris(1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl)amine (abbreviation: YGTBi1BP-02), 4-diphenyl-4'-(2-naphthyl)-4''-{9-(4-biphenylyl)carbazole)}triphenylamine (abbreviation: YGTBiβNB), N-[4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)phenyl]-N-[4-(1-naphthyl)phenyl]-9,9'-spirobi(9H-fluorene)-2-amine (abbreviation: PCBNBSF), N,N-bis(4-biphenylyl)-9,9'-spirobi[9H-fluorene]-2-amine (abbreviation: BBASF), N,N-bis(1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl)-9,9'-spirobi[9H-fluorene]-4-amine (abbreviation: BBASF(4)), N-(1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)-N-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene-2-yl)-9,9'-spirobi(9H-fluorene)-4-amine (abbreviation: oFBiSF), N-(4-biphenyl)-N-(dibenzofuran-4-yl)-9,9-Dimethyl-9H-fluorene-2-amine (abbreviation: FrBiF), N-[4-(1-naphthyl)phenyl]-N-[3-(6-phenyldibenzofuran-4-yl)phenyl]-1-naphthylamine (abbreviation: mPDBfBNBN), 4-phenyl-4'-(9-phenylfluorene-9-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: BPAFLP), 4-phenyl-3'-(9-phenylfluorene-9-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: mBPAFLP), 4-phenyl-4'-[4-(9-phenylfluorene-9-yl)phenyl]triphenylamine (abbreviation: BPAFLBi), 4-phenyl-4'-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: PCBA1BP), 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: PCBBi1BP), 4-(1-naphthyl)-4'-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: PCBANB), 4,4'-di(1-naphthyl)-4''-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: PCBNBB), N-phenyl-N-[4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)phenyl]spiro-9,9'-bifluorene-2-amine (abbreviation: PCBASF), N-(1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-N-[4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)phenyl]-9H-fluorene-2-amine (abbreviation: PCBBiF), etc. can be mentioned.,

[0080] [Material AM] Material AM has acceptor properties. For example, an organic compound having an electron-withdrawing group (particularly a halogen group such as a fluoro group or a cyano group) can be used as Material AM, and a substance showing electron-accepting properties with respect to Material HT1 can be appropriately selected. Examples of such organic compounds include 7,7,8,8-tetracyano-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroquinodimethane (abbreviation: F4-TCNQ), chloranil, 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacyano-1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene (abbreviation: HAT-CN), 1,3,4,5,7,8-hexafluorotetracyano-naphthoquinodimethane (abbreviation: F6-TCNNQ), 2-(7-dicyanomethylene-1,3,4,5,6,8,9,10-octafluoro-7H-pyrene-2-ylidene) malononitrile, and the like. In particular, a compound in which an electron-withdrawing group is bonded to a condensed aromatic ring having a plurality of heteroatoms such as HAT-CN is thermally stable and preferable. Further, a [3]radialene derivative having an electron-withdrawing group (particularly a halogen group such as a fluoro group or a cyano group) is preferable because of its very high electron-accepting property. Specifically, α,α’,α’’-1,2,3-cyclopropanetriylidene tris[4-cyano-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzeneacetonitrile], α,α’,α’’-1,2,3-cyclopropanetriylidene tris[2,6-dichloro-3,5-difluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzeneacetonitrile], α,α’,α’’-1,2,3-cyclopropanetriylidene tris[2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzeneacetonitrile], and the like can be mentioned.

[0081] [Material HT2] HT2 has a HOMO level smaller than that of Material HT1. For example, a material appropriately selected from the above-exemplified compounds that can be used for Material HT1 can be used for HT2.

[0082] [Material HOST] Further, Material HOST has a HOMO level smaller than that of Material HT2.

[0083] For example, various carrier transport materials such as an electron transport material, a hole transport material, or the above-mentioned TADF material can be used as the material HOST. Specific examples of the hole transport material and the electron transport material can be appropriately selected from the materials described in this specification and known materials, and one or more kinds can be used.

[0084] [Luminescent material EM] For example, substances that emit fluorescence (fluorescent substances), substances that emit phosphorescence (phosphorescent substances), thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials that exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence, and other luminescent substances can be used as the luminescent material EM.

[0085] [Material ET] Material ET has a HOMO level of -6.0 eV or higher. Also, Material ET has an electron mobility of 1×10 -7 cm 2 / Vs or more and 5×10 -5 cm 2 / Vs or less at the square root of the electric field strength [V / cm] of 600.

[0086] For example, a compound having an anthracene skeleton can be used as Material ET, and it is more preferable to include an anthracene skeleton and a heterocyclic skeleton. Further, as the heterocyclic skeleton, a nitrogen-containing 5-membered ring skeleton is preferable. As the nitrogen-containing 5-membered ring skeleton, it is particularly preferable to have a nitrogen-containing 5-membered ring skeleton containing two heteroatoms in the ring, such as a pyrazole ring, an imidazole ring, an oxazole ring, or a thiazole ring.

[0087] [Material OMC] Material OMC is an organic complex of an alkali metal or an organic complex of an alkaline earth metal. For example, an organic complex of lithium is preferable, and in particular, lithium 8-hydroxyquinolinate (abbreviation: Liq) is preferable.

[0088] In addition, anions may be generated in the layer on the layer 114 side of the layer 113. Or, after the start of use, the display element 550(i,j) may be deteriorated by anions. Or, the luminance of the display element 550(i,j) may decrease.

[0089] Thereby, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the display quality that occurs after the start of use. Or, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the color reproducibility that occurs after the start of use. Or, it is possible to suppress the decrease in luminance that occurs after the start of use. Or, it is possible to suppress the intrusion of impurities that deteriorate the characteristics from the outside. Or, it is possible to display vivid colors. Or, it has excellent productivity. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel display panel with excellent convenience or reliability.

[0090] 《Configuration Example 2 of Color Conversion Layer CC(j)》 The color conversion layer CC(j) includes quantum dots and a translucent resin (see FIG. 3A). For example, the quantum dots can be coated with a resin that has translucency and does not generate gas. Or, a resin polymerized with the quantum dots can be used. Or, a photosensitive polymer that coats the quantum dots can be used. When a photosensitive polymer is used, a fine color conversion layer CC(j) can be formed.

[0091] Thereby, the width of the spectrum of the second light h2 can be narrowed. Or, light with a narrow half-value width of the spectrum can be used. Or, colors with high saturation can be displayed. Or, aggregation of the quantum dots can be prevented. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel display panel with excellent convenience or reliability.

[0092] 《Configuration Example 2 of Display Element 550(i,j)》 The display element 550(i,j) emits blue light as the first light h1.

[0093] As a result, blue light can be converted into green light. Alternatively, blue light can be converted into red light. Alternatively, blue light can be converted into light with a longer wavelength than blue light. As a result, a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided.

[0094] 《Configuration Example 3 of Display Element 550(i,j)》 The display element 550(i,j) includes a light-emitting unit 103a, a light-emitting unit 103b, and an intermediate layer 104 (see FIG. 5B).

[0095] The intermediate layer 104 includes a region sandwiched between the light-emitting unit 103a and the light-emitting unit 103b. The intermediate layer 104 supplies holes to one of the light-emitting unit 103a or the light-emitting unit 103b and supplies electrons to the other.

[0096] The light-emitting unit 103a emits blue light, and the light-emitting unit 103b also emits blue light.

[0097] As a result, the luminous efficiency can be increased. Alternatively, the power consumption can be reduced. As a result, a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided.

[0098] <Configuration Example 2 of Display Panel 700> The display panel described in this embodiment has a functional layer 520.

[0099] 《Configuration Example 1 of Functional Layer 520》 The functional layer 520 includes a region overlapping with the display element 550(i,j).

[0100] The functional layer 520 includes a pixel circuit 530(i,j). In addition, the functional layer 520 includes an aperture 591A.

[0101] 《Configuration Example 1 of Pixel 702(i,j)》 The pixel 702(i,j) includes a pixel circuit 530(i,j).

[0102] 《Configuration Example 1 of Pixel Circuit 530(i,j)》 In the aperture 591A, the pixel circuit 530(i,j) is electrically connected to the first display element 550(i,j).

[0103] Thereby, the operation of the display element can be controlled. As a result, a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided.

[0104] 《Configuration Example 2 of Display Area 231》 The display area 231 includes pixels 702(i,j + 1) and 702(i,j + 2).

[0105] Pixel 702(i,j) displays red.

[0106] Pixel 702(i,j + 1) displays green. Also, pixel 702(i,j + 1) includes a second color conversion layer CC(j + 1).

[0107] Pixel 702(i,j + 2) displays blue.

[0108] Color conversion layer CC(j) converts blue light into red light.

[0109] Color conversion layer CC(j + 1) converts blue light into green light.

[0110] Thereby, a full-color image can be displayed. Or, the decrease in the luminance of the display element that occurs after the start of use can be made the same in a plurality of pixels that display different colors. Or, the deterioration of the display element due to use can be made the same. Or, the decrease in color reproducibility that occurs after the start of use can be suppressed. As a result, a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided.

[0111] 《Configuration Example 2 of Pixel Circuit 530(i,j)》 The pixel circuit 530(i,j) includes a transistor M, a node N1(i,j), a switch SW21, a capacitor C21, a capacitor C22, and a switch SW22 (see FIG. 2B).

[0112] The transistor M includes a first electrode electrically connected to the display element 550(i,j) and a second electrode electrically connected to the conductive film ANO.

[0113] The node N1(i,j) is electrically connected to the gate electrode of the transistor M. Note that the display element 550(i,j) displays based on the potential VN.

[0114] The switch SW21 includes a first terminal electrically connected to the node N1(i,j) and a second terminal electrically connected to the conductive film. For example, the signal line S1(j) can be used as the conductive film. Note that the switch SW21 has a function of switching between a conductive state and a non-conductive state based on, for example, a selection signal.

[0115] The capacitor C21 includes a first electrode electrically connected to the node N1(i,j) and a second electrode electrically connected to the conductive film. For example, the conductive film ANO can be used as the conductive film.

[0116] The capacitor C22 includes a first electrode electrically connected to the node N1(i,j) and a second electrode electrically connected to the first terminal of the switch SW22.

[0117] The switch SW22 includes a first terminal electrically connected to the conductive film. For example, the signal line S2(j) can be used as the conductive film. Note that the switch SW22 has a function of switching between a conductive state and a non-conductive state based on, for example, a second selection signal.

[0118] Note that when the switch SW21 is in the non-conductive state, the switch SW22 can be changed from the non-conductive state to the conductive state. Also, when the switch SW21 is in the non-conductive state, the switch SW22 can be changed from the conductive state to the non-conductive state.

[0119] As a result, the potential of node N1(i,j) can be controlled using switch SW21 and switch SW22. Or, the potential of node N1(i,j) can be controlled using switch SW21, and the potential of node N1(i,j) can be changed using switch SW22. Or, the changing potential can be supplied to display element 550(i,j). Or, display can be performed based on the changing potential. Or, the display of display element 550(i,j) can be changed. Or, the operation of display element 550(i,j) can be emphasized. Or, the response of display element 550(i,j) can be accelerated. As a result, a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided.

[0120] 《Configuration Example 3 of Pixel Circuit 530(i,j)》 For example, a bottom-gate type transistor or a top-gate type transistor or the like can be used for pixel circuit 530(i,j). Specifically, the transistor can be used as a switch.

[0121] 《Configuration Example of Transistor》 The transistor includes a semiconductor film 508, a conductive film 504, a conductive film 512A, and a conductive film 512B (see FIG. 3B).

[0122] The semiconductor film 508 includes a region 508A electrically connected to the conductive film 512A and a region 508B electrically connected to the conductive film 512B. The semiconductor film 508 includes a region 508C between the region 508A and the region 508B.

[0123] The conductive film 504 includes a region overlapping the region 508C, and the conductive film 504 has the function of a gate electrode.

[0124] The insulating film 506 includes a region sandwiched between the semiconductor film 508 and the conductive film 504. The insulating film 506 has the function of a gate insulating film.

[0125] The conductive film 512A has one of the functions of the source electrode or the drain electrode, and the conductive film 512B has the other of the functions of the source electrode or the drain electrode.

[0126] In addition, the conductive film 524 can be used for the transistor. The conductive film 524 includes a region in which the semiconductor film 508 is sandwiched between the conductive film 504. The conductive film 524 has the function of the second gate electrode.

[0127] Note that in the step of forming the semiconductor film used for the transistor of the pixel circuit, the semiconductor film used for the transistor of the driving circuit can be formed.

[0128] 《Configuration Example 1 of Semiconductor Film 508》 For example, a semiconductor containing an element of Group 14 can be used for the semiconductor film 508. Specifically, a semiconductor containing silicon can be used for the semiconductor film 508.

[0129] [Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon] For example, hydrogenated amorphous silicon can be used for the semiconductor film 508. Alternatively, microcrystalline silicon or the like can be used for the semiconductor film 508. Thereby, for example, a display panel with less display unevenness can be provided than a display panel using polysilicon for the semiconductor film 508. Alternatively, it is easy to increase the size of the display panel.

[0130] [Polysilicon] For example, polysilicon can be used for the semiconductor film 508. Thereby, for example, the field-effect mobility of the transistor can be increased compared to a transistor using hydrogenated amorphous silicon for the semiconductor film 508. Alternatively, for example, the driving ability can be enhanced compared to a transistor using hydrogenated amorphous silicon for the semiconductor film 508. Alternatively, for example, the aperture ratio of the pixel can be improved compared to a transistor using hydrogenated amorphous silicon for the semiconductor film 508.

[0131] Alternatively, for example, the reliability of the transistor can be improved compared to a transistor using hydrogenated amorphous silicon for the semiconductor film 508.

[0132] Alternatively, the temperature required for manufacturing the transistor can be lowered compared to a transistor using single-crystalline silicon, for example.

[0133] Alternatively, the semiconductor film used for the transistors in the drive circuit can be formed in the same process as the semiconductor film used for the transistors in the pixel circuit. Alternatively, the drive circuit can be formed on the same substrate as the substrate on which the pixel circuit is formed. Alternatively, the number of components constituting the electronic device can be reduced.

[0134] [Single-crystalline silicon] For example, single-crystalline silicon can be used for the semiconductor film 508. Thereby, for example, the fineness can be improved compared to a display panel using hydrogenated amorphous silicon for the semiconductor film 508. Alternatively, a display panel with less display unevenness can be provided compared to a display panel using polysilicon for the semiconductor film 508, for example. Alternatively, for example, smart glass or a head-mounted display can be provided.

[0135] 《Configuration Example 2 of Semiconductor Film 508》 For example, a metal oxide can be used for the semiconductor film 508. Thereby, compared to a pixel circuit using a transistor with amorphous silicon for the semiconductor film, the time during which the pixel circuit can hold an image signal can be lengthened. Specifically, while suppressing the occurrence of flicker, the selection signal can be supplied at a frequency of less than 30 Hz, preferably less than 1 Hz, more preferably less than once per minute. As a result, the fatigue accumulated by the user of the information processing apparatus can be reduced. Also, the power consumption associated with driving can be reduced.

[0136] For example, a transistor using an oxide semiconductor can be utilized. Specifically, an oxide semiconductor containing indium or an oxide semiconductor containing indium, gallium, and zinc can be used for the semiconductor film.

[0137] For example, a transistor with a leakage current in the off state smaller than that of a transistor using amorphous silicon for the semiconductor film can be used. Specifically, a transistor using an oxide semiconductor for the semiconductor film can be utilized for a switch or the like. Thereby, the potential of the floating node can be held for a longer time than in a circuit using a transistor with amorphous silicon for the switch.

[0138] For example, a film with a thickness of 25 nm containing indium, gallium, and zinc can be used for the semiconductor film 508.

[0139] For example, a conductive film formed by laminating a film with a thickness of 10 nm containing tantalum and nitrogen and a film with a thickness of 300 nm containing copper can be used for the conductive film 504. Note that the film containing copper has a region sandwiching the film containing tantalum and nitrogen between it and the insulating film 506.

[0140] For example, a laminated film formed by laminating a film with a thickness of 400 nm containing silicon and nitrogen and a film with a thickness of 200 nm containing silicon, oxygen, and nitrogen can be used for the insulating film 506. Note that the film containing silicon and nitrogen has a region sandwiching the film containing silicon, oxygen, and nitrogen between it and the semiconductor film 508.

[0141] For example, a conductive film formed by laminating a film with a thickness of 50 nm containing tungsten, a film with a thickness of 400 nm containing aluminum, and a film with a thickness of 100 nm containing titanium in this order can be used for the conductive film 512A or the conductive film 512B. Note that the film containing tungsten has a region in contact with the semiconductor film 508.

[0142] As a result, flicker can be suppressed. Or, power consumption can be reduced. Or, fast-moving videos can be smoothly displayed. Or, photos and the like can be displayed with rich gradations. Consequently, a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided.

[0143] By the way, for example, the manufacturing line of a bottom gate type transistor using amorphous silicon as a semiconductor can be easily modified into the manufacturing line of a bottom gate type transistor using an oxide semiconductor as a semiconductor. Also, for example, the manufacturing line of a top gate type transistor using polysilicon as a semiconductor can be easily modified into the manufacturing line of a top gate type transistor using an oxide semiconductor as a semiconductor. Any of these modifications can effectively utilize the existing manufacturing line.

[0144] <<Configuration Example 3 of Semiconductor Film 508>> For example, a compound semiconductor can be used as the semiconductor of a transistor. Specifically, a semiconductor containing gallium arsenide can be used.

[0145] For example, an organic semiconductor can be used as the semiconductor of a transistor. Specifically, an organic semiconductor containing polyacenes or graphene can be used for the semiconductor film.

[0146] <<Configuration Example of Capacitance>> The capacitance includes one conductive film, another conductive film, and an insulating film. The insulating film includes a region sandwiched between one conductive film and another conductive film.

[0147] For example, the conductive film 504, the conductive film 512A, and the insulating film 506 can be used for the capacitance.

[0148] <<Configuration Example 2 of Functional Layer 520>> Also, the functional layer 520 includes an insulating film 521, an insulating film 518, an insulating film 516, an insulating film 506, an insulating film 501C, etc. (see FIG. 3A).

[0149] The insulating film 521 includes a region sandwiched between the pixel circuit 530(i,j) and the display element 550(i,j).

[0150] The insulating film 518 includes a region sandwiched between the insulating film 521 and the insulating film 501C.

[0151] The insulating film 516 includes a region sandwiched between the insulating film 518 and the insulating film 501C.

[0152] The insulating film 506 includes a region sandwiched between the insulating film 516 and the insulating film 501C.

[0153] [Insulating film 521] For example, an insulating inorganic material, an insulating organic material, or an insulating composite material containing an inorganic material and an organic material can be used for the insulating film 521.

[0154] Specifically, an inorganic oxide film, an inorganic nitride film, an inorganic oxynitride film, etc., or a laminated material obtained by laminating a plurality selected from these can be used for the insulating film 521.

[0155] For example, a film containing a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, an aluminum oxide film, etc., or a laminated material obtained by laminating a plurality selected from these can be used for the insulating film 521. Note that the silicon nitride film is a dense film and has an excellent function of suppressing the diffusion of impurities.

[0156] For example, polyester, polyolefin, polyamide, polyimide, polycarbonate, polysiloxane, acrylic resin, etc., or a laminated material or composite material of a plurality of resins selected from these can be used for the insulating film 521. Also, it may be formed using a photosensitive material. Thereby, the insulating film 521 can planarize, for example, the steps resulting from various structures overlapping the insulating film 521.

[0157] Note that polyimide has excellent properties compared to other organic materials in terms of characteristics such as thermal stability, insulation, toughness, low dielectric constant, low coefficient of thermal expansion, and chemical resistance. Therefore, polyimide can be particularly suitably used for the insulating film 521 and the like.

[0158] For example, a film formed using a photosensitive material can be used for the insulating film 521. Specifically, a film formed using a photosensitive polyimide or a photosensitive acrylic resin or the like can be used for the insulating film 521.

[0159] [Insulating film 518] For example, a material that can be used for the insulating film 521 can be used for the insulating film 518.

[0160] For example, a material having a function of suppressing the diffusion of oxygen, hydrogen, water, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, etc. can be used for the insulating film 518. Specifically, a nitride insulating film can be used for the insulating film 518. For example, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, aluminum nitride, aluminum oxynitride, etc. can be used for the insulating film 518. Thereby, the diffusion of impurities into the semiconductor film of the transistor can be suppressed.

[0161] [Constitution example 1 of insulating film 516] For example, a material that can be used for the insulating film 521 can be used for the insulating film 516.

[0162] Specifically, a film having a manufacturing method different from that of the insulating film 518 can be used for the insulating film 516.

[0163] [Insulating film 506] For example, a material that can be used for the insulating film 521 can be used for the insulating film 506.

[0164] Specifically, a film containing a silicon oxide film, a silicon oxynitride film, a silicon nitride oxide film, a silicon nitride film, an aluminum oxide film, a hafnium oxide film, a yttrium oxide film, a zirconium oxide film, a gallium oxide film, a tantalum oxide film, a magnesium oxide film, a lanthanum oxide film, a cerium oxide film, or a neodymium oxide film can be used for the insulating film 506.

[0165] [Insulating film 501D] The insulating film 501D includes a region sandwiched between the insulating film 501C and the insulating film 516.

[0166] For example, the materials that can be used for the insulating film 506 can be used for the insulating film 501D.

[0167] [Insulating film 501C] For example, the materials that can be used for the insulating film 521 can be used for the insulating film 501C. Specifically, materials containing silicon and oxygen can be used for the insulating film 501C. Thereby, the diffusion of impurities into the pixel circuit or the display element can be suppressed.

[0168] <<Configuration Example 3 of the Functional Layer 520>> The functional layer 520 includes a conductive film, wiring, and terminals. Materials having conductivity can be used for the wiring, electrodes, terminals, conductive films, etc.

[0169] <<Wiring, etc.>> For example, inorganic conductive materials, organic conductive materials, metals, or conductive ceramics can be used for the wiring, etc.

[0170] Specifically, metal elements selected from aluminum, gold, platinum, silver, copper, chromium, tantalum, titanium, molybdenum, tungsten, nickel, iron, cobalt, palladium, or manganese can be used for the wiring, etc. Or, alloys containing the above-described metal elements can be used for the wiring, etc. In particular, an alloy of copper and manganese is suitable for microfabrication using the wet etching method.

[0171] Specifically, a two-layer structure in which a titanium film is laminated on an aluminum film, a two-layer structure in which a titanium film is laminated on a titanium nitride film, a two-layer structure in which a tungsten film is laminated on a titanium nitride film, a two-layer structure in which a tungsten film is laminated on a tantalum nitride film or a tungsten nitride film, a three-layer structure in which a titanium film is formed, an aluminum film is laminated on the titanium film, and a titanium film is further formed thereon, etc. can be used for wiring and the like.

[0172] Specifically, conductive oxides such as indium oxide, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc oxide, and zinc oxide added with gallium can be used for wiring and the like.

[0173] Specifically, a film containing graphene or graphite can be used for wiring and the like.

[0174] For example, a film containing graphene can be formed by forming a film containing graphene oxide and reducing the film containing graphene oxide. Examples of the reduction method include a method of applying heat and a method of using a reducing agent.

[0175] For example, a film containing metal nanowires can be used for wiring and the like. Specifically, nanowires containing silver can be used.

[0176] Specifically, conductive polymers can be used for wiring and the like.

[0177] Note that, for example, the terminal 519B can be electrically connected to the flexible printed circuit board FPC1 using the conductive material ACF1 (see FIG. 2A). Specifically, the terminal 519B can be electrically connected to the flexible printed circuit board FPC1 using the conductive material CP.

[0178] <Configuration Example 3 of Display Panel 700> Further, the display panel 700 includes a base material 510, a base material 770, and a sealing material 705 (see FIG. 3A).

[0179] 《Base Material 510, Base Material 770》 A material with light transmissivity can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770.

[0180] For example, a flexible material can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. Thereby, a flexible display panel can be provided.

[0181] For example, a material with a thickness of 0.7 mm or less and 0.1 mm or more can be used. Specifically, a material polished to a thickness of about 0.1 mm can be used. Thereby, the weight can be reduced.

[0182] By the way, glass substrates such as the 6th generation (1500 mm × 1850 mm), 7th generation (1870 mm × 2200 mm), 8th generation (2200 mm × 2400 mm), 9th generation (2400 mm × 2800 mm), 10th generation (2950 mm × 3400 mm), etc. can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. Thereby, a large display device can be manufactured.

[0183] An organic material, an inorganic material, or a composite material such as a composite of an organic material and an inorganic material, etc. can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770.

[0184] For example, inorganic materials such as glass, ceramics, metals, etc. can be used. Specifically, non-alkali glass, soda-lime glass, potash glass, crystal glass, aluminosilicate glass, tempered glass, chemically strengthened glass, quartz, or sapphire, etc. can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. Or, aluminosilicate glass, tempered glass, chemically strengthened glass, or sapphire, etc. can be preferably used for the base material 510 or the base material 770 disposed on the side closer to the user of the display panel. Thereby, breakage or damage of the display panel during use can be prevented.

[0185] Specifically, an inorganic oxide film, an inorganic nitride film, an inorganic oxynitride film, or the like can be used. For example, a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, an aluminum oxide film, or the like can be used. Stainless steel or aluminum can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770.

[0186] For example, a single crystal semiconductor substrate made of silicon or silicon carbide, a polycrystalline semiconductor substrate, a compound semiconductor substrate such as silicon germanium, an SOI substrate, or the like can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. Thereby, a semiconductor element can be formed on the base material 510 or the base material 770.

[0187] For example, an organic material such as a resin, a resin film, or a plastic can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. Specifically, materials including a resin having a siloxane bond such as polyester, polyolefin, polyamide (nylon, aramid, etc.), polyimide, polycarbonate, polyurethane, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, or silicone can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. For example, a resin film, a resin plate, a laminated material, or the like containing these materials can be used. Thereby, the weight can be reduced. Or, for example, the frequency of occurrence of breakage or the like due to dropping can be reduced.

[0188] Specifically, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethersulfone (PES), cycloolefin polymer (COP), or cycloolefin copolymer (COC) can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770.

[0189] For example, a composite material obtained by laminating a film such as a metal plate, a thin glass plate, or an inorganic material and a resin film or the like can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. For example, a composite material in which fibrous or particulate metal, glass, or inorganic material or the like is dispersed in a resin can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. For example, a composite material in which fibrous or particulate resin or organic material or the like is dispersed in an inorganic material can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770.

[0190] In addition, a single-layer material or a material in which a plurality of layers are laminated can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. For example, a material in which an insulating film or the like is laminated can be used. Specifically, a material in which one or more films selected from a silicon oxide layer, a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, or the like are laminated can be used. Thereby, for example, the diffusion of impurities contained in the base material can be prevented. Or, the diffusion of impurities contained in the glass or resin can be prevented. Or, the diffusion of impurities permeating through the resin can be prevented.

[0191] In addition, paper or wood or the like can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770.

[0192] For example, a material having heat resistance sufficient to withstand the heat treatment during the manufacturing process can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770. Specifically, a material having heat resistance against the heat applied during the manufacturing process of directly forming a transistor or a capacitor or the like can be used for the base material 510 or the base material 770.

[0193] For example, an insulating film, a transistor, a capacitor, or the like is formed on a process substrate having heat resistance against the heat applied during the manufacturing process, and the formed insulating film, transistor, capacitor, or the like is transferred to, for example, the base material 510 or the base material 770. Thereby, for example, an insulating film, a transistor, a capacitor, or the like can be formed on a flexible substrate.

[0194] 《Sealing material 705》 The sealing material 705 includes a region sandwiched between the functional layer 520 and the base material 770, and has a function of bonding the functional layer 520 and the base material 770 (see FIG. 3A).

[0195] An inorganic material, an organic material, a composite material of an inorganic material and an organic material, or the like can be used for the sealing material 705.

[0196] For example, an organic material such as a heat-meltable resin or a curable resin can be used for the sealing material 705.

[0197] For example, an organic material such as a reaction-curing adhesive, a photo-curing adhesive, a heat-curing adhesive, and / or an anaerobic adhesive can be used for the sealing material 705.

[0198] Specifically, an adhesive containing an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a silicone resin, a phenolic resin, a polyimide resin, an imide resin, a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) resin, a PVB (polyvinyl butyral) resin, an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) resin, or the like can be used for the sealing material 705.

[0199] <Configuration Example 4 of Display Panel 700> The display panel 700 includes a color conversion layer CC(j), a light-shielding film BM, a structure KB1, a functional film 770P, or the like.

[0200] 《Color Conversion Layer CC(j)》 The color conversion layer CC(j) includes a region sandwiched between the base material 770 and the display element 550(i,j). For example, the color conversion layer CC(j) can be formed by using a photolithography method. Alternatively, a color conversion layer CC(j + 1) different from the color conversion layer CC(j) can be formed adjacent to the color conversion layer CC(j). Thereby, a fine color conversion layer CC(j) can be formed.

[0201] For example, a material that emits light having a wavelength longer than the wavelength of the incident light can be used for the color conversion layer CC(j). For example, a material that absorbs blue light or ultraviolet light and converts it into and emits green light, a material that absorbs blue light or ultraviolet light and converts it into and emits red light, or a material that absorbs ultraviolet light and converts it into and emits blue light can be used for the color conversion layer. Specifically, quantum dots with a diameter of several nm can be used for the color conversion layer CC(j). Alternatively, perovskite can be used for the color conversion layer CC(j). Thereby, light having a spectrum with a narrow half-value width can be emitted. Alternatively, light with high chroma can be emitted.

[0202] For example, a laminated film formed by laminating a single film or a plurality of films can be used for the color conversion layer CC(j). Specifically, a laminated film formed by laminating a film that can be formed in a manner that is less likely to damage the display element 550(i,j) and a dense film with few defects can be used for the color conversion layer CC(j). Thereby, diffusion of impurities into the display element 550(i,j) can be suppressed. Alternatively, the reliability of the display element 550(i,j) can be enhanced.

[0203] 《Light-shielding film BM》 The light-shielding film BM has an opening in a region overlapping with the pixel 702(i,j). For example, a dark-colored material can be used for the light-shielding film BM. Thereby, the contrast of the display can be improved.

[0204] 《Structural body KB1》 The structural body KB1 includes a region sandwiched between the functional layer 520 and the base material 770. Further, the structural body KB1 has a function of providing a predetermined gap between the functional layer 520 and the base material 770.

[0205] 《Functional film 770P etc.》 The functional film 770P includes a region overlapping with the display element 550(i,j).

[0206] For example, an antireflection film, a polarizing film, a retardation film, a light diffusion film, a condenser film, or the like can be used for the functional film 770P.

[0207] For example, an antireflection film with a thickness of 1 μm or less can be used for the functional film 770P. Specifically, a laminated film formed by laminating three or more layers, preferably five or more layers, more preferably fifteen or more layers of a dielectric can be used for the functional film 770P. Thereby, the reflectance can be suppressed to 0.5% or less, preferably 0.08% or less.

[0208] For example, a circularly polarized film can be used for the functional film 770P.

[0209] In addition, an antistatic film for suppressing dust adhesion, a water-repellent film for making dirt less likely to adhere, an oil-repellent film for making dirt less likely to adhere, an antireflection film (anti-reflection film), a non-gloss treatment film (anti-glare film), a hard coat film for suppressing the occurrence of scratches during use, a self-healing film for repairing generated scratches, etc. can be used for the functional film 770P.

[0210] <Configuration Example 5 of Display Panel 700> In addition, the display panel 700 has an insulating film 528, an insulating film 573, and a sealing film 574 (see FIG. 3A).

[0211] 《Insulating Film 528》 The insulating film 528 includes a region sandwiched between the functional layer 520 and the substrate 770, and the insulating film 528 has an opening in a region overlapping the display element 550(i,j) (see FIG. 3A).

[0212] For example, materials that can be used for the insulating film 521 can be used for the insulating film 528. Specifically, a silicon oxide film, a film containing an acrylic resin, a film containing a polyimide, etc. can be used for the insulating film 528.

[0213] 《Insulating Film 573》 The insulating film 573 includes a region sandwiching the display element 550(i,j) between it and the functional layer 520 (see FIG. 3A).

[0214] For example, a single film or a laminated film formed by laminating multiple films can be used for the insulating film 573. Specifically, a laminated film formed by laminating an insulating film 573A that can be formed in a manner that is difficult to damage the display element 550(i,j) and a dense insulating film 573B with few defects can be used for the insulating film 573. Thereby, diffusion of impurities into the display element 550(i,j) can be suppressed. Or, the reliability of the display element 550(i,j) can be enhanced.

[0215] 《Sealing film 574》 For example, a material that can be used for the insulating film 521 can be used for the sealing film 574. Or, a laminated film formed by laminating a resin 574A having translucency and a film 574B having low moisture permeability can be used for the sealing film 574 (see FIG. 4A). Or, a resin that does not generate gas can be used for the resin 574A having translucency. Specifically, silicon nitride can be used for the film 574B having low moisture permeability.

[0216] For example, the insulating film 521 can be formed by a sputtering method. Specifically, it can be formed at a temperature of room temperature or higher and 100°C or lower.

[0217] 《Configuration example of display element 550(i,j)》 An element that controls light emission can be used for the display element 550(i,j). For example, a light-emitting element can be used for the display element 550(i,j).

[0218] Specifically, an organic electroluminescence element, an inorganic electroluminescence element, a light-emitting diode, a QDLED (Quantum Dot LED), or the like can be used for the display element 550(i,j) (see FIG. 3A).

[0219] For example, a layer 553(j) containing a light-emitting material can be used for the display element 550(i,j).

[0220] 《Configuration example 3 of layer 553(j) containing a light-emitting material》 For example, a laminated material laminated to emit blue light or ultraviolet light can be used for the layer 553(j) containing a luminescent material. Also, for example, a layer that converts blue light or ultraviolet light into light of another hue can be used by laminating it on the layer 553(j) containing the luminescent material. Thereby, for example, blue light can be converted into light of a predetermined hue. Alternatively, pixels displaying different hues can be aligned without separately forming the layer 553(j) containing the luminescent material.

[0221] 《Configuration Example 4 of the Layer 553(j) Containing a Luminescent Material》 For example, a light-emitting unit can be used for the layer 553(j) containing a luminescent material. The light-emitting unit includes one region where electrons injected from one side recombine with holes injected from the other side. Also, the light-emitting unit contains a luminescent material, and the luminescent material emits the energy generated by the recombination of electrons and holes as light.

[0222] For example, a plurality of light-emitting units and an intermediate layer can be used for the layer 553(j) containing a luminescent material. The intermediate layer includes a region sandwiched between two light-emitting units. The intermediate layer includes a charge generation region, and the intermediate layer has a function of supplying holes to the light-emitting unit arranged on the cathode side and supplying electrons to the light-emitting unit arranged on the anode side. Note that a configuration including a plurality of light-emitting units and an intermediate layer is sometimes referred to as a tandem-type light-emitting element.

[0223] Thereby, the current efficiency related to light emission can be increased. Alternatively, the current density flowing through the light-emitting element can be decreased at the same luminance. Alternatively, the reliability of the light-emitting element can be increased.

[0224] For example, a light-emitting unit including a material that emits light of one hue can be overlaid with a light-emitting unit including a material that emits light of another hue and used for the layer 553(j) containing a light-emitting material. Alternatively, a light-emitting unit including a material that emits light of one hue can be overlaid with a light-emitting unit including a material that emits light of the same hue and used for the layer 553(j) containing a light-emitting material. Specifically, two light-emitting units including a material that emits blue light can be overlaid and used.

[0225] Incidentally, for example, a high molecular compound (oligomer, dendrimer, polymer, etc.), a medium molecular compound (a compound in the intermediate region between low molecules and high molecules: molecular weight 400 or more and 4000 or less), etc. can be used for the layer 553(j) containing a light-emitting material.

[0226] 《Electrodes 551(i,j), Electrode 552》 For example, a material that can be used for wiring or the like can be used for the electrode 551(i,j) or the electrode 552. Specifically, a material having translucency to visible light can be used for the electrode 551(i,j) or the electrode 552.

[0227] For example, a conductive oxide or a conductive oxide containing indium, indium oxide, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc oxide, zinc oxide added with gallium, etc. can be used. Alternatively, a metal film thin enough for light to pass through can be used. Alternatively, a material having translucency to visible light can be used.

[0228] For example, a metal film that transmits a part of light and reflects the other part of light can be used for the electrode 551(i,j) or the electrode 552. For example, the distance between the electrode 551(i,j) and the electrode 552 is adjusted using the layer 553(j) containing a light-emitting material or the like.

[0229] As a result, a micro resonator structure can be provided in the display element 550(i,j). Or, light of a predetermined wavelength can be extracted more efficiently than other light. Or, light with a narrow half-value width of the spectrum can be extracted. Or, light of vivid colors can be extracted.

[0230] For example, a film that efficiently reflects light can be used for the electrode 551(i,j) or the electrode 552. Specifically, a material containing silver and palladium or the like, or a material containing silver and copper or the like can be used for the metal film.

[0231] Also, the electrode 551(i,j) is electrically connected to the pixel circuit 530(i,j) at the opening 591A (see FIG. 3A). The electrode 551(i,j) overlaps, for example, with an opening formed in the insulating film 528, and the electrode 551(i,j) is provided with the insulating film 528 at its periphery.

[0232] As a result, a short circuit between the electrode 551(i,j) and the electrode 552 can be prevented.

[0233] 《Configuration Example 2 of the Display Region 231》 The display region 231 includes a plurality of pixels. For example, a plurality of pixels that display colors with different hues can be used in the display region 231.

[0234] As a result, the colors displayed by the plurality of pixels can be subjected to additive color mixing or subtractive color mixing. Or, a color with a hue that cannot be displayed by an individual pixel can be displayed.

[0235] Note that when a plurality of pixels that display colors with different hues are used for color mixing, each pixel can be referred to as a sub-pixel. Also, a plurality of sub-pixels can be grouped together and referred to as a pixel.

[0236] For example, pixel 702(i,j) can be rephrased as a sub-pixel, and pixel 702(i,j), pixel 702(i,j + 1), and pixel 702(i,j + 2) can be grouped together and rephrased as pixel 703(i,k) (see FIG. 1C).

[0237] Specifically, a sub-pixel that displays blue, a sub-pixel that displays green, and a sub-pixel that displays red can be grouped together and used for pixel 703(i,k). Also, a sub-pixel that displays cyan, a sub-pixel that displays magenta, and a sub-pixel that displays yellow can be grouped together and used for pixel 703(i,k).

[0238] Also, for example, a sub-pixel that displays white or the like can be added to the above group and used for the pixel.

[0239] 《Configuration Example 3 of Display Region 231》 The display region 231 includes pixels 702(i,j), 702(i,j + 1), and 702(i,j + 2) (see FIG. 1C).

[0240] Pixel 702(i,j) displays blue with a chromaticity x in the CIE1931 chromaticity coordinates of 0.120 or more and 0.170 or less, and a chromaticity y of 0.020 or more and less than 0.060.

[0241] Pixel 702(i,j + 1) displays green with a chromaticity x in the CIE1931 chromaticity coordinates of 0.130 or more and 0.250 or less, and a chromaticity y greater than 0.710 and 0.810 or less.

[0242] Pixel 702(i,j + 2) displays red with a chromaticity x in the CIE1931 chromaticity coordinates greater than 0.680 and 0.720 or less, and a chromaticity y of 0.260 or more and 0.320 or less.

[0243] In addition, the pixel 702(i, j), the pixel 702(i, j + 1), and the pixel 702(i, j + 2) are provided such that the area ratio with respect to the color gamut of the Recommendation ITU-R BT.2020-2 standard in the CIE chromaticity diagram is 80% or more, or the coverage rate with respect to the color gamut is 75% or more. Preferably, the area ratio is 90% or more, or the coverage rate is 85% or more.

[0244] As a result, it is possible to display a very wide color gamut that satisfies the Recommendation ITU-R BT.2020-2 standard, which is an international standard. Alternatively, it is possible to display a very high-resolution image.

[0245] Note that the present embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments described in this specification.

[0246] (Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, the configuration of the display panel according to one aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0247] FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the display panel according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0248] <Configuration Example 1 of Display Panel 700> The display panel 700 described in this embodiment has a display area 231 (see FIG. 6).

[0249] 《Configuration Example 1 of Display Area 231》 The display area 231 includes a group of pixels 702(i, 1) to pixels 702(i, n), another group of pixels 702(1, j) to pixels 702(m, j), a scanning line G1(i), and a signal line S1(j) (see FIG. 6). Here, i is an integer from 1 to m, j is an integer from 1 to n, and m and n are integers of 1 or more.

[0250] Although not shown, the display area 231 has a conductive film VCOM2 and a conductive film ANO.

[0251] A group of pixels 702(i, 1) to 702(i, n) are arranged in the row direction (the direction indicated by arrow R1 in the figure), and the group of pixels 702(i, 1) to 702(i, n) includes the pixel 702(i, j).

[0252] Another group of pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j) are arranged in the column direction (the direction indicated by arrow C1 in the figure) intersecting the row direction, and the other group of pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j) includes the pixel 702(i, j).

[0253] The scanning line G1(i) is electrically connected to a group of pixels 702(i, 1) to 702(i, n) arranged in the row direction.

[0254] The signal line S1(j) is electrically connected to another group of pixels 702(1, j) to 702(m, j) arranged in the column direction.

[0255] Thereby, image information can be supplied to a plurality of pixels. As a result, a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided.

[0256] <<Configuration Example 2 of Display Area 231>> The display area 231 includes a plurality of pixels of 600 or more per inch. Note that the plurality of pixels includes the pixel 702(i, j).

[0257] <<Configuration Example 3 of Display Area 231>> The display area 231 includes a plurality of pixels in a matrix. For example, the display area 231 includes 7600 or more pixels in the row direction, and the display area 231 includes 4300 or more pixels in the column direction. Specifically, it includes 7680 pixels in the row direction and 4320 pixels in the column direction.

[0258] Thereby, a detailed image can be displayed. As a result, a novel display panel excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided.

[0259] <<Configuration Example 2 of Display Panel 700>> The display panel 700 described in this embodiment includes one or more driving circuits. For example, it can include a driving circuit GD and a driving circuit SD (see FIG. 6).

[0260] 《Drive circuit GDA, drive circuit GDB》 The drive circuit GDA and the drive circuit GDB can be used as the drive circuit GD. For example, the drive circuit GDA and the drive circuit GDB have a function of supplying a selection signal based on a control signal SP.

[0261] Specifically, based on the control signal SP, it has a function of supplying a selection signal to one scanning line at a frequency of 30 Hz or more, preferably 60 Hz or more. Thereby, a moving image can be smoothly displayed.

[0262] Or, based on the control signal SP, it has a function of supplying a selection signal to one scanning line at a frequency of less than 30 Hz, preferably less than 1 Hz, more preferably less than once per minute. Thereby, a still image with suppressed flicker can be displayed.

[0263] When including a plurality of driving circuits, for example, the frequency at which the drive circuit GDA supplies a selection signal and the frequency at which the drive circuit GDB supplies a selection signal can be made different. Specifically, a selection signal can be supplied to another area where a moving image is displayed at a frequency higher than the frequency at which the selection signal is supplied to one area where a still image is displayed. Thereby, a still image with suppressed flicker can be displayed in one area, and a smooth moving image can be displayed in another area.

[0264] By the way, the frame frequency can be made variable. Or, for example, display can be performed at a frame frequency of 1 Hz or more and 120 Hz or less. Or, display can be performed at a frame frequency of 120 Hz using the progressive method.

[0265] For example, a bottom-gate transistor, a top-gate transistor, or the like can be used for the drive circuit GD. Specifically, the transistor MD can be used for the drive circuit GD (see FIG. 4).

[0266] In the step of forming the semiconductor film used for the transistor of the pixel circuit 530(i,j), for example, the semiconductor film used for the transistor of the drive circuit GD can be formed.

[0267] 《Drive Circuit SD》 The drive circuit SD has a function of generating an image signal based on the information V11 and a function of supplying the image signal to a pixel circuit electrically connected to one display element (see FIG. 6).

[0268] For example, various sequential circuits such as a shift register can be used for the drive circuit SD.

[0269] For example, an integrated circuit formed on a silicon substrate can be used for the drive circuit SD.

[0270] For example, the integrated circuit can be connected to the terminal by using the COG (Chip on glass) method or the COF (Chip on Film) method. Specifically, the integrated circuit can be connected to the terminal by using an anisotropic conductive film.

[0271] Note that the present embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments shown in this specification.

[0272] (Embodiment 3) In this embodiment, the configuration of the display device according to one aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7.

[0273] FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the display device according to one aspect of the present invention. FIG. 7A is a block diagram of the display device according to one aspect of the present invention, and FIGS. 7B to 7D are projection views for explaining the appearance of the display device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0274] <Configuration example of display device> The display device described in this embodiment includes a display panel 700 and a control unit 238 (see FIG. 7A).

[0275] 《Configuration example 1 of control unit 238》 The control unit 238 is supplied with image information VI and control information CI. For example, a clock signal or a timing signal can be used as the control information CI.

[0276] The control unit 238 generates information V11 based on the image information VI and generates a control signal SP based on the control information CI. Further, the control unit 238 supplies the information V11 and the control signal SP.

[0277] For example, the information V11 includes gradations of 8 bits or more, preferably 12 bits or more. Also, for example, a clock signal or a start pulse of a shift register used in a drive circuit can be used as the control signal SP.

[0278] <Configuration example 2 of control unit 238> For example, an expansion circuit 234 and an image processing circuit 235 can be used as the control unit 238.

[0279] 《Expansion circuit 234》 The expansion circuit 234 has a function of expanding the image information VI supplied in a compressed state. The expansion circuit 234 includes a storage unit. The storage unit has a function of storing, for example, the expanded image information.

[0280] 《Image processing circuit 235》 The image processing circuit 235 includes, for example, a storage area. The storage area has a function of storing, for example, the information included in the image information VI.

[0281] The image processing circuit 235 has, for example, a function of correcting the image information VI based on a predetermined characteristic curve to generate the information V11 and a function of supplying the information V11.

[0282] 《Configuration example 1 of display panel》 The display panel 700 is supplied with the information V11 and the control signal SP. For example, the display panel 700 includes a drive circuit. Specifically, the display panel 700 described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 can be used.

[0283] 《Drive Circuit》 The drive circuit operates based on the control signal SP. By using the control signal SP, the operations of a plurality of drive circuits can be synchronized.

[0284] For example, the drive circuits GDA(1), GDA(2), GDB(1), and GDB(2) can be used for the display panel. Also, the drive circuits GDA(1), GDA(2), GDB(1), and GDB(2) are supplied with the control signal SP and have a function of supplying a selection signal.

[0285] For example, the drive circuits SDA(1), SDA(2), SDB(1), SDB(2), SDC(1), and SDC(1) can be used for the display panel. Also, the drive circuits SDA(1), SDA(2), SDB(1), SDB(2), SDC(1), and SDC(1) are supplied with the control signal SP and the information V11 and can supply an image signal.

[0286] 《Configuration Example of Pixel 702(i,j)》 The pixel 702(i,j) is displayed based on the information V11.

[0287] Thereby, image information can be displayed using a display element. As a result, a novel display device excellent in convenience or reliability can be provided. Or, for example, a television receiving system (see FIG. 7B), a video monitor (see FIG. 7C), or a notebook computer (see FIG. 7D) can be provided.

[0288] 《Configuration Example 2 of Display Panel》 For example, the control circuit 233 can be used for the display panel 700. Specifically, the control circuit 233 formed on the rigid substrate can be used for the display panel 700. Further, the control circuit 233 formed on the rigid substrate can be electrically connected to the control unit 238 using a flexible printed circuit board.

[0289] 《Control Circuit 233》 The control circuit 233 has a function of generating and supplying a control signal SP. For example, a clock signal or a timing signal can be used as the control signal SP. Specifically, a timing controller can be used for the control circuit 233.

[0290] Note that the present embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments shown in this specification.

[0291] (Embodiment 4) In the present embodiment, the configuration of the input / output device according to one aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 8.

[0292] FIG. 8 is a block diagram for explaining the configuration of the input / output device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0293] <Configuration Example 1 of Input / Output Device> The input / output device described in the present embodiment has an input unit 240 and a display unit 230 (see FIG. 8).

[0294] 《Display Unit 230》 The display unit 230 includes a display panel. For example, the display panel 700 described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 can be used for the display unit 230. Note that a configuration having the input unit 240 and the display unit 230 can be referred to as an input / output panel 700TP.

[0295] 《Configuration Example 1 of Input Unit 240》 The input unit 240 includes a detection area 241. The input unit 240 has a function of detecting an object approaching the detection area 241.

[0296] The detection area 241 includes an area that overlaps with the pixel 702(i,j).

[0297] Accordingly, while displaying image information using the display unit, it is possible to detect an object close to the area overlapping with the display unit. Alternatively, position information can be input using a finger or the like brought close to the display unit as a pointer. Alternatively, the position information can be associated with the image information displayed on the display unit. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel input / output device excellent in convenience or reliability.

[0298] 《Configuration Example 1 of Detection Area 241》 The detection area 241 includes, for example, one or a plurality of detectors.

[0299] The detection area 241 has a group of detectors 802(g,1) to 802(g,q) and another group of detectors 802(1,h) to 802(p,h). Here, g is an integer of 1 or more and p or less, h is an integer of 1 or more and q or less, and p and q are integers of 1 or more.

[0300] The group of detectors 802(g,1) to 802(g,q) includes the detector 802(g,h) and is arranged in the row direction (the direction indicated by the arrow R2 in the figure). Note that the direction indicated by the arrow R2 may be the same as or different from the direction indicated by the arrow R1.

[0301] The other group of detectors 802(1,h) to 802(p,h) includes the detector 802(g,h) and is arranged in the column direction (the direction indicated by the arrow C2 in the figure) intersecting the row direction.

[0302] 《Detector》 The detector has a function of detecting a proximity pointer. For example, a finger, a stylus pen, or the like can be used as the pointer. For example, a metal piece, a coil, or the like can be used for the stylus pen.

[0303] Specifically, a capacitance proximity sensor, an electromagnetic induction proximity sensor, an optical proximity sensor, a resistive film proximity sensor, etc. can be used as the detector.

[0304] In addition, detectors of multiple types can also be used in combination. For example, a detector for detecting a finger and a detector for detecting a stylus pen can be used in combination.

[0305] Thereby, the type of the pointer can be discriminated. Or, different commands can be associated with the detection information based on the discriminated pointer type. Specifically, when it is discriminated that a finger is used as the pointer, the detection information can be associated with a gesture. Or, when it is discriminated that a stylus pen is used as the pointer, the detection information can be associated with a drawing process.

[0306] Specifically, a finger can be detected using a capacitance, pressure-sensitive, or optical proximity sensor. Or, a stylus pen can be detected using an electromagnetic induction or optical proximity sensor.

[0307] 《Configuration Example 2 of Input Unit 240》 The input unit 240 includes an oscillation circuit OSC and a detection circuit DC (see FIG. 8).

[0308] The oscillation circuit OSC supplies a search signal to the detectors 802(g,h). For example, a rectangular wave, a sawtooth wave, a triangular wave, a sine wave, etc. can be used as the search signal.

[0309] The detectors 802(g,h) generate and supply a detection signal that changes based on the distance to the pointer approaching the detectors 802(g,h) and the search signal.

[0310] The detection circuit DC supplies input information based on the detection signal.

[0311] As a result, it is possible to detect the distance from the adjacent pointer to the detection area 241. Alternatively, it is possible to detect the position where the pointer is closest within the detection area 241.

[0312] Note that this embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments shown in this specification.

[0313] (Embodiment 5) In this embodiment, the configuration of the information processing apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11.

[0314] FIG. 9A is a block diagram for explaining the configuration of an information processing apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention. FIGS. 9B and 9C are projection views for explaining an example of the appearance of the information processing apparatus.

[0315] FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining a program according to one aspect of the present invention. FIG. 10A is a flowchart for explaining the main processing of a program according to one aspect of the present invention, and FIG. 10B is a flowchart for explaining interrupt processing.

[0316] FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a program according to one aspect of the present invention. FIG. 11A is a flowchart for explaining interrupt processing of a program according to one aspect of the present invention. Further, FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the information processing apparatus, and FIG. 11C is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the information processing apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0317] <Example configuration 1 of the information processing apparatus> The information processing apparatus described in this embodiment includes an arithmetic unit 210 and an input / output unit 220 (see FIG. 9A). Note that the input / output unit 220 is electrically connected to the arithmetic unit 210. Further, the information processing apparatus 200 can include a housing (see FIGS. 9B and 9C).

[0318] 《Example configuration 1 of the arithmetic unit 210》 The arithmetic unit 210 is supplied with input information II or detection information DS. Based on the input information II or the detection information DS, the arithmetic unit 210 generates control information CI and image information VI, and supplies the control information CI and the image information VI.

[0319] The arithmetic unit 210 includes an arithmetic section 211 and a storage section 212. The arithmetic unit 210 also includes a transmission path 214 and an input / output interface 215.

[0320] The transmission path 214 is electrically connected to the arithmetic section 211, the storage section 212, and the input / output interface 215.

[0321] 《Arithmetic section 211》 The arithmetic section 211 has a function of executing a program, for example.

[0322] 《Storage section 212》 The storage section 212 has a function of storing, for example, a program executed by the arithmetic section 211, initial information, setting information, or an image.

[0323] Specifically, a hard disk, a flash memory, or a memory using a transistor including an oxide semiconductor can be used.

[0324] 《Input / output interface 215, transmission path 214》 The input / output interface 215 includes terminals or wirings, and has a function of supplying information and being supplied with information. For example, it can be electrically connected to the transmission path 214. It can also be electrically connected to the input / output device 220.

[0325] The transmission path 214 includes a wiring, and has a function of supplying information and being supplied with information. For example, it can be electrically connected to the input / output interface 215. It can also be electrically connected to the arithmetic section 211, the storage section 212, or the input / output interface 215.

[0326] 《Configuration example of input / output device 220》 The input / output device 220 supplies input information II and detection information DS. The input / output device 220 is supplied with control information CI and image information VI (see FIG. 9A).

[0327] For example, the keyboard scan code, position information, button operation information, voice information, image information, etc. can be used for the input information II. Or, for example, the illuminance information, posture information, acceleration information, azimuth information, pressure information, temperature information, humidity information, etc. of the environment where the information processing device 200 is used can be used for the detection information DS.

[0328] For example, the signal for controlling the luminance for displaying the image information VI, the signal for controlling the chroma, and the signal for controlling the hue can be used for the control information CI. Or, the signal for changing the display of a part of the image information VI can be used for the control information CI.

[0329] The input / output device 220 includes a display unit 230, an input unit 240, and a detection unit 250. For example, the input / output device described in Embodiment 4 can be used as the input / output device 220. Also, the input / output device 220 can include a communication unit 290.

[0330] 《Configuration example of the display unit 230》 The display unit 230 displays the image information VI based on the control information CI.

[0331] The display unit 230 includes a control unit 238, a driving circuit GD, a driving circuit SD, and a display panel 700 (see FIG. 7). For example, the display device described in Embodiment 3 can be used as the display unit 230.

[0332] 《Configuration example of the input unit 240》 The input unit 240 generates the input information II. For example, the input unit 240 has a function of supplying the position information P1.

[0333] For example, a human interface or the like can be used for the input unit 240 (see FIG. 9A). Specifically, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch sensor, a microphone, a camera, or the like can be used for the input unit 240.

[0334] Also, a touch sensor having a region overlapping with the display unit 230 can be used. Note that an input / output device including the display unit 230 and a touch sensor having a region overlapping with the display unit 230 can be referred to as a touch panel or a touch screen.

[0335] For example, the user can use a finger touching the touch panel as a pointer to perform various gestures (such as tapping, dragging, swiping, or pinching in).

[0336] For example, the arithmetic unit 210 can analyze information such as the position or trajectory of a finger touching the touch panel, and when the analysis result satisfies a predetermined condition, it can be assumed that a predetermined gesture has been supplied. Thereby, the user can supply a predetermined operation command associated in advance with the predetermined gesture using the gesture.

[0337] For example, the user can supply a "scroll command" for changing the display position of the image information using a gesture of moving a finger touching the touch panel along the touch panel.

[0338] In addition, the user can supply a "drag command" for pulling out and displaying the navigation panel NP at the end of the display area 231 by using a gesture of moving a finger in contact with the end of the display area 231 (see Fig. 9C). Also, the user can supply a "page flip command" for sequentially displaying index images IND, portions of other pages, or thumbnail images TN of other pages on the navigation panel NP by using a gesture of moving the position where the finger is strongly pressed. Alternatively, it can be supplied by using the pressure of pressing the finger. Thereby, the pages of the e-book terminal can be flipped like the pages of a paper book. Alternatively, a predetermined page can be searched for relying on the thumbnail image TN or the index image IND.

[0339] 《Configuration Example of Detection Unit 250》 The detection unit 250 generates detection information DS. For example, the detection unit 250 has a function of detecting the illuminance of the environment in which the information processing apparatus 200 is used and has a function of supplying illuminance information.

[0340] The detection unit 250 has a function of detecting the surrounding state and supplying detection information. Specifically, it can supply illuminance information, posture information, acceleration information, azimuth information, pressure information, temperature information, humidity information, etc.

[0341] For example, a photodetector, a posture detector, an acceleration sensor, an azimuth sensor, a GPS (Global Positioning System) signal receiving circuit, a pressure-sensitive switch, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a camera, or the like can be used for the detection unit 250.

[0342] 《Communication Unit 290》 The communication unit 290 has a function of supplying information to a network and acquiring information from the network.

[0343] 《Housing》 Note that the housing has a function of housing the input / output device 220 or the arithmetic device 210. Alternatively, the housing has a function of supporting the display unit 230 or the arithmetic device 210.

[0344] This makes it possible to generate control information based on input information or detection information. Or, it is possible to display image information based on input information or detection information. Or, it is possible for the information processing device to operate by grasping the intensity of light received by the housing of the information processing device in the environment in which the information processing device is used. Or, it is possible for the user of the information processing device to select the display method. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel information processing device that is highly convenient or reliable.

[0345] In addition, these configurations cannot be clearly separated, and one configuration may serve as another configuration or may include a part of another configuration. For example, a touch panel in which a touch sensor is superimposed on a display panel is both a display unit and an input unit.

[0346] Configuration Example 2 of the Calculation Device 210 The computing device 210 includes an artificial intelligence unit 213 (see FIG. 9A).

[0347] The artificial intelligence unit 213 is supplied with the input information II or the sensed information DS, and infers the control information CI based on the input information II or the sensed information DS. The artificial intelligence unit 213 also supplies the control information CI.

[0348] This makes it possible to generate control information CI that is displayed in a way that is perceived as suitable. Or, it is possible to display control information CI that is displayed in a way that is perceived as suitable. Or, it is possible to generate control information CI that is displayed in a way that is perceived as comfortable. Or, it is possible to display control information CI that is displayed in a way that is perceived as comfortable. As a result, it is possible to provide a novel information processing device that is highly convenient or reliable.

[0349] [Natural language processing for input information II] Specifically, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can perform natural language processing on the input information II to extract one feature from the entire input information II. For example, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can infer and characterize emotions and the like contained in the input information II. In addition, it can infer colors, patterns, fonts, etc. that are empirically felt to be suitable for the feature. Further, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can generate information specifying the color, pattern, or font of characters and information specifying the color or pattern of the background, and use them for the control information CI.

[0350] Specifically, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can perform natural language processing on the input information II to extract some words contained in the input information II. For example, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can extract grammatical errors, factual misidentifications, expressions containing emotions, etc. In addition, the artificial intelligence unit 213 generates control information CI for displaying the extracted part in a color, pattern, font, etc. different from other parts.

[0351] [Image processing for the input information II] Specifically, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can perform image processing on the input information II to extract one feature from the input information II. For example, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can infer and characterize the era when the input information II was taken, indoors or outdoors, day or night, etc. In addition, it can infer a color tone that is empirically felt to be suitable for the feature and generate control information CI for using the color tone in the display. Specifically, information specifying the color used for the expression of light and shade (for example, full color, black and white, or sepia) can be used for the control information CI.

[0352] Specifically, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can perform image processing on the input information II to extract some images contained in the input information II. For example, it can generate control information CI for displaying a boundary between a part of the extracted image and other parts. Specifically, it can generate control information CI for displaying a rectangle surrounding a part of the extracted image.

[0353] [Inference using the detection information DS] Specifically, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can generate an inference RI using the detection information DS. Alternatively, based on the inference RI, control information CI can be generated so that the user of the information processing apparatus 200 feels comfortable.

[0354] Specifically, based on the illuminance of the environment or the like, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can generate control information CI for adjusting the display brightness so that the display brightness is felt to be comfortable. Alternatively, the artificial intelligence unit 213 can generate control information CI for adjusting the volume based on the noise of the environment or the like so that the volume is felt to be comfortable.

[0355] Note that a clock signal or a timing signal supplied to the control unit 238 provided in the display unit 230 or the like can be used as the control information CI. Alternatively, a clock signal or a timing signal supplied to the control unit 248 provided in the input unit 240 or the like can be used as the control information CI.

[0356] <Configuration Example 2 of Information Processing Apparatus> Another configuration of the information processing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B.

[0357] 《Program》 The program according to an aspect of the present invention has the following steps (see FIG. 10A).

[0358] [First Step] In the first step, initialize the settings (see FIG. 10A (S1)).

[0359] For example, predetermined image information to be displayed at startup, a predetermined mode for displaying the image information, and information specifying a predetermined display method for displaying the image information are acquired from the storage unit 212. Specifically, one still image information or other moving image information can be used as the predetermined image information. Also, the first mode or the second mode can be used as the predetermined mode.

[0360] [Second Step] In the second step, enable the interrupt process (see FIG. 10A (S2)). Note that an arithmetic unit for which the interrupt process is enabled can perform the interrupt process in parallel with the main process. The arithmetic unit that has returned from the interrupt process to the main process can reflect the result obtained by the interrupt process in the main process.

[0361] Note that when the value of the counter is the initial value, the arithmetic unit may be made to perform the interrupt process, and when returning from the interrupt process, the counter may be set to a value other than the initial value. Thereby, the interrupt process can always be performed after the program is started.

[0362] [Third step] In the third step, display the image information using a predetermined mode or a predetermined display method selected in the first step or the interrupt process (see FIG. 10A (S3)). Note that the predetermined mode specifies the mode for displaying information, and the predetermined display method specifies the method for displaying the image information. Also, for example, it can be used for the information for displaying the image information VI.

[0363] For example, one method of displaying the image information VI can be associated with the first mode. Alternatively, another method of displaying the image information VI can be associated with the second mode. Thereby, the display method can be selected based on the selected mode.

[0364] 《First mode》 Specifically, a method of supplying a selection signal to one scanning line at a frequency of 30 Hz or more, preferably 60 Hz or more, and performing display based on the selection signal can be associated with the first mode.

[0365] For example, when the selection signal is supplied at a frequency of 30 Hz or more, preferably 60 Hz or more, the movement of the moving image can be smoothly displayed.

[0366] For example, when updating an image at a frequency of 30 Hz or higher, preferably 60 Hz or higher, an image that changes smoothly following the user's operation can be displayed on the information processing apparatus 200 during the user's operation.

[0367] 《Second Mode》 Specifically, a method of supplying a selection signal to one scanning line at a frequency of less than 30 Hz, preferably less than 1 Hz, more preferably less than once per minute, and performing display based on the selection signal can be associated with the second mode.

[0368] When supplying the selection signal at a frequency of less than 30 Hz, preferably less than 1 Hz, more preferably less than once per minute, display with suppressed flicker or flickering can be performed. Also, power consumption can be reduced.

[0369] For example, when using the information processing apparatus 200 as a clock, the display can be updated at a frequency of once per second or once per minute.

[0370] Incidentally, for example, when using a light-emitting element as a display element, the light-emitting element can be caused to emit light in a pulse shape to display image information. Specifically, an organic EL element can be caused to emit light in a pulse shape, and its afterglow can be used for display. Since the organic EL element has excellent frequency characteristics, there are cases where the time for driving the light-emitting element can be shortened and power consumption can be reduced. Or, since heat generation is suppressed, there are cases where deterioration of the light-emitting element can be reduced.

[0371] [Fourth Step] In the fourth step, when an end command is supplied, proceed to the fifth step; when an end command is not supplied, select to proceed to the third step (see FIG. 10A (S4)).

[0372] For example, the end command supplied in the interrupt process may be used for the determination.

[0373] [Fifth Step] In the fifth step, end (see Fig. 10A (S5)).

[0374] 《Interrupt Processing》 The interrupt processing includes the following sixth to eighth steps (see Fig. 10B).

[0375] [Sixth Step] In the sixth step, for example, using the detection unit 250, the illuminance of the environment in which the information processing apparatus 200 is used is detected (see Fig. 10B (S6)). Note that instead of the illuminance of the environment, the color temperature or chromaticity of the ambient light may be detected.

[0376] [Seventh Step] In the seventh step, a display method is determined based on the detected illuminance information (see Fig. 10B (S7)). For example, it is determined so that the display brightness is not too dark or not too bright.

[0377] Note that when the color temperature or chromaticity of the ambient light is detected in the sixth step, the color tone of the display may be adjusted.

[0378] [Eighth Step] In the eighth step, the interrupt processing is terminated (see Fig. 10B (S8)).

[0379] <Configuration Example 3 of Information Processing Apparatus> Another configuration of the information processing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 11.

[0380] Fig. 11A is a flowchart for explaining a program according to an aspect of the present invention. Fig. 11A is a flowchart for explaining an interrupt processing different from the interrupt processing shown in Fig. 10B.

[0381] Note that Configuration Example 3 of the information processing apparatus is different from the interrupt processing described with reference to FIG. 10B in that the step of changing the mode based on a supplied predetermined event is included in the interrupt processing. Here, the different parts will be described in detail, and the above description will be incorporated for parts where the same configuration can be used.

[0382] 《Interrupt Processing》 The interrupt processing includes the following sixth to eighth steps (see FIG. 11A).

[0383] [Sixth Step] In the sixth step, if a predetermined event is supplied, the process proceeds to the seventh step, and if a predetermined event is not supplied, the process proceeds to the eighth step (see FIG. 11A (U6)). For example, it is possible to use as a condition whether a predetermined event has been supplied within a predetermined period. Specifically, a period of 5 seconds or less, 1 second or less, or 0.5 seconds or less, preferably 0.1 seconds or less and longer than 0 seconds can be set as the predetermined period.

[0384] [Seventh Step] In the seventh step, the mode is changed (see FIG. 11A (U7)). Specifically, if the first mode is selected, the second mode is selected, and if the second mode is selected, the first mode is selected.

[0385] For example, the display mode can be changed for a part of the area of the display unit 230. Specifically, the display mode can be changed for the area to which one drive circuit of the display unit 230 including the drive circuit GDA, the drive circuit GDB, and the drive circuit GDC supplies a selection signal (see FIG. 11B).

[0386] For example, when a predetermined event is supplied to the input unit 240 in a region overlapping with the region to which the drive circuit GDB supplies a selection signal, the display mode of the region to which the drive circuit GDB supplies the selection signal can be changed (see FIGS. 11B and 11C). Specifically, the frequency of the selection signal supplied by the drive circuit GDB can be changed in response to a "tap" event supplied to the touch panel using a finger or the like.

[0387] Note that the signal GCLK is a clock signal for controlling the operation of the drive circuit GDB, and the signals PWC1 and PWC2 are pulse width control signals for controlling the operation of the drive circuit GDB. The drive circuit GDB supplies a selection signal to the scanning lines G1(m + 1) to G1(2m) based on the signal GCLK, the signals PWC1, the signal PWC2, etc.

[0388] Thereby, for example, the drive circuit GDB can supply a selection signal without the drive circuits GDA and GDC supplying a selection signal. Or, the display of the region to which the drive circuit GDB supplies the selection signal can be updated without changing the display of the regions to which the drive circuits GDA and GDC supply the selection signal. Or, the power consumption of the drive circuit can be suppressed.

[0389] [Eighth step] In the eighth step, the interrupt process is terminated (see FIG. 11A(U8)). Note that the interrupt process may be repeatedly executed during the period in which the main process is being executed.

[0390] 《Predetermined event》 For example, events such as "click" and "drag" supplied using a pointing device such as a mouse, and events such as "tap", "drag", or "swipe" supplied to the touch panel using a finger or the like as a pointer can be used.

[0391] Also, for example, the arguments of the instructions associated with the predetermined event can be given using the position of the slider indicated by the pointer, the speed of the swipe, the speed of the drag, etc.

[0392] For example, the information detected by the detection unit 250 can be compared with a preset threshold value, and the comparison result can be used for an event.

[0393] Specifically, a pressure sensor or the like that contacts a button or the like arranged so as to be pushable into the housing can be used as the detection unit 250.

[0394] 《Instruction for Associating with a Predetermined Event》 For example, an end instruction can be associated with a predetermined event.

[0395] For example, a "page turning instruction" for switching the display from one piece of displayed image information to another piece of image information can be associated with a predetermined event. Note that an argument for determining the speed of turning the page used when executing the "page turning instruction" can be given using the predetermined event.

[0396] For example, a "scroll instruction" for moving the display position of a displayed part of one piece of image information and displaying another part continuous with the part can be associated with a predetermined event. Note that an argument for determining the speed of moving the display used when executing the "scroll instruction" can be given using the predetermined event.

[0397] For example, an instruction for setting a display method or an instruction for generating image information can be associated with a predetermined event. Note that an argument for determining the brightness of the generated image can be associated with the predetermined event. Also, the argument for determining the brightness of the generated image may be determined based on the brightness of the environment detected by the detection unit 250.

[0398] For example, an instruction for acquiring information distributed using a push-type service using the communication unit 290 can be associated with a predetermined event.

[0399] Note that the detection unit 250 may determine whether there is a qualification to acquire information using the position information it detects. Specifically, when in a predetermined classroom, school, conference room, company, building, or other internal area or region, it may be determined that there is a qualification to acquire information. Thereby, for example, teaching materials distributed in a classroom of a school or university can be received and the information processing apparatus 200 can be used as a textbook or the like (see FIG. 9C). Alternatively, materials distributed in a conference room of a company or the like can be received and used as conference materials.

[0400] Note that this embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments shown in this specification.

[0401] (Embodiment 6) In this embodiment, the configuration of the information processing apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14.

[0402] FIGS. 12 to 14 are diagrams for explaining the configuration of the information processing apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention. FIG. 12A is a block diagram of the information processing apparatus, and FIGS. 12B to 12E are perspective views for explaining the configuration of the information processing apparatus. Further, FIGS. 13A to 13E are perspective views for explaining the configuration of the information processing apparatus. Further, FIGS. 14A and 14B are perspective views for explaining the configuration of the information processing apparatus.

[0403] <Information processing apparatus> The information processing apparatus 5200B described in this embodiment includes an arithmetic unit 5210 and an input / output unit 5220 (see FIG. 12A).

[0404] The arithmetic unit 5210 has a function of supplying operation information and a function of supplying image information based on the operation information.

[0405] The input / output unit 5220 includes a display unit 5230, an input unit 5240, a detection unit 5250, a communication unit 5290, a function of supplying operation information, and a function of being supplied with image information. Further, the input / output unit 5220 has a function of supplying detection information, a function of supplying communication information, and a function of being supplied with communication information.

[0406] The input unit 5240 has a function of supplying operation information. For example, the input unit 5240 supplies operation information based on the operations of the user of the information processing apparatus 5200B.

[0407] Specifically, a keyboard, a hardware button, a pointing device, a touch sensor, an illuminance sensor, an imaging device, a voice input device, a gaze input device, a posture detection device, etc. can be used for the input unit 5240.

[0408] The display unit 5230 has a display panel and a function of displaying image information. For example, the display panel described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 can be used for the display unit 5230.

[0409] The detection unit 5250 has a function of supplying detection information. For example, it has a function of detecting the surrounding environment in which the information processing apparatus is used and supplying it as detection information.

[0410] Specifically, an illuminance sensor, an imaging device, a posture detection device, a pressure sensor, a human presence sensor, etc. can be used for the detection unit 5250.

[0411] The communication unit 5290 has a function of being supplied with communication information and a function of supplying communication information. For example, it has a function of connecting to other electronic devices or a communication network by wireless communication or wired communication. Specifically, it has functions such as wireless in-building communication, telephone communication, and short-range wireless communication.

[0412] 《Configuration Example 1 of Information Processing Apparatus》 For example, an outer shape along a cylindrical column or the like can be applied to the display unit 5230 (see FIG. 12B). Also, it has a function of changing the display method according to the illuminance of the usage environment. Also, it has a function of detecting the presence of a person and changing the display content. Thereby, for example, it can be installed on a column of a building. Or, advertisements or guidance etc. can be displayed. Or, it can be used for digital signage etc.

[0413] 《Configuration Example 2 of Information Processing Device》 For example, it has a function of generating image information based on the trajectory of a pointer used by a user (see Fig. 12C). Specifically, a display panel with a diagonal length of 20 inches or more, preferably 40 inches or more, more preferably 55 inches or more can be used. Or, a plurality of display panels can be arranged and used in one display area. Or, a plurality of display panels can be arranged and used for a multi-screen. Thereby, for example, it can be used for an electronic blackboard, an electronic bulletin board, an electronic signboard, etc.

[0414] 《Configuration Example 3 of Information Processing Device》 It can receive information from other devices and display it on the display unit 5230 (see Fig. 12D). Or, several options can be displayed. Or, the user can select some from the options and reply to the information source. Or, for example, it has a function of changing the display method according to the illuminance of the usage environment. Thereby, for example, the power consumption of a smartwatch can be reduced. Or, for example, an image can be displayed on the smartwatch so that it can be preferably used even in an environment with strong external light such as outdoors on a sunny day.

[0415] 《Configuration Example 4 of Information Processing Device》 The display unit 5230 has, for example, a curved surface that gently bends along the side surface of the housing (see Fig. 12E). Or, the display unit 5230 includes a display panel, and the display panel has a function of displaying on, for example, the front surface, side surface, upper surface, and back surface. Thereby, for example, information can be displayed not only on the front surface of a mobile phone but also on the side surface, upper surface, and back surface.

[0416] 《Configuration Example 5 of Information Processing Device》 For example, information can be received from the Internet and displayed on the display unit 5230 (see FIG. 13A). Or, the created message can be confirmed on the display unit 5230. Or, the created message can be transmitted to another device. Or, for example, it has a function of changing the display method according to the illuminance of the usage environment. Thereby, the power consumption of the smartphone can be reduced. Or, for example, an image can be displayed on the smartphone so that it can be suitably used even in an environment with strong external light such as outdoors on a sunny day.

[0417] 《Configuration Example 6 of Information Processing Device》 A remote controller can be used as the input unit 5240 (see FIG. 13B). Or, for example, information can be received from a broadcasting station or the Internet and displayed on the display unit 5230. Or, the user can be photographed using the detection unit 5250. Or, the video of the user can be transmitted. Or, the viewing history of the user can be obtained and provided to the cloud service. Or, recommendation information can be obtained from the cloud service and displayed on the display unit 5230. Or, a program or video can be displayed based on the recommendation information. Or, for example, it has a function of changing the display method according to the illuminance of the usage environment. Thereby, a video can be displayed on the television system so that it can be suitably used even when strong external light shines indoors on a sunny day.

[0418] 《Configuration Example 7 of Information Processing Device》 For example, teaching materials can be received from the Internet and displayed on the display unit 5230 (see FIG. 13C). Or, using the input unit 5240, a report can be input and transmitted to the Internet. Or, the result of proofreading or evaluation of the report can be obtained from the cloud service and displayed on the display unit 5230. Or, based on the evaluation, suitable teaching materials can be selected and displayed.

[0419] For example, it can receive an image signal from another information processing device and display it on the display unit 5230. Or, it can be placed on a stand or the like, and the display unit 5230 can be used as a sub-display. Thereby, for example, an image can be displayed on the tablet computer so that it can be suitably used even in an environment with strong external light such as outdoors on a sunny day.

[0420] 《Configuration Example 8 of Information Processing Device》 The information processing device includes, for example, a plurality of display units 5230 (see FIG. 13D). For example, it can be displayed on the display unit 5230 while shooting with the detection unit 5250. Or, the captured video can be displayed on the detection unit. Or, using the input unit 5240, the captured video can be decorated. Or, a message can be attached to the captured video. Or, it can be transmitted to the Internet. Or, it has a function of changing shooting conditions according to the illuminance of the usage environment. Thereby, for example, a subject can be displayed on the digital camera so that it can be suitably viewed even in an environment with strong external light such as outdoors on a sunny day.

[0421] 《Configuration Example 9 of Information Processing Device》 For example, another information processing device can be used as a slave, and the information processing device of the present embodiment can be used as a master to control the other information processing device (see FIG. 13E). Or, for example, a part of the image information can be displayed on the display unit 5230, and another part of the image information can be displayed on the display unit of another information processing device. An image signal can be supplied. Or, using the communication unit 5290, information to be written from the input unit of another information processing device can be acquired. Thereby, for example, a wide display area can be utilized using a portable personal computer.

[0422] 《Configuration Example 10 of Information Processing Device》 The information processing apparatus includes, for example, a detection unit 5250 that detects acceleration or orientation (see FIG. 14A). Alternatively, the detection unit 5250 can supply information related to the position of the user or the direction the user is facing. Alternatively, the information processing apparatus can generate image information for the right eye and image information for the left eye based on the position of the user or the direction the user is facing. Alternatively, the display unit 5230 includes a display area for the right eye and a display area for the left eye. Thereby, for example, a video of a virtual reality space that provides an immersive feeling can be displayed on the goggle-type information processing apparatus.

[0423] 《Configuration Example 11 of Information Processing Apparatus》 The information processing apparatus includes, for example, an imaging device and a detection unit 5250 that detects acceleration or orientation (see FIG. 14B). Alternatively, the detection unit 5250 can supply information related to the position of the user or the direction the user is facing. Alternatively, the information processing apparatus can generate image information based on the position of the user or the direction the user is facing. Thereby, for example, information can be attached to and displayed on a real landscape. Alternatively, a video of an augmented reality space can be displayed on the glasses-type information processing apparatus.

[0424] 《Configuration Example of Electronic Device Applicable to Display Panel》

[0425] An example of an electronic device applicable to the display panel 700 will be described with reference to FIG. 15.

[0426] The display panel 700 can be incorporated into display units of a TV device 7000 (television receiver), a smartwatch 7010, a smartphone 7020, a digital camera 7030, a glasses-type information terminal 7040, a notebook PC (personal computer) 7050, a PC 7060, a game machine 7070, and the like.

[0427] By applying the display panel 700 to the display units of devices such as the TV device 7000, smart watch 7010, smartphone 7020, digital camera 7030, glasses-type information terminal 7040, notebook PC 7050, PC 7060, and game machine 7070, high-definition images can be displayed. Therefore, the user can view videos with a sense of presence.

[0428] Note that this embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments described in this specification.

[0429] For example, in this specification and the like, when it is explicitly described that X and Y are connected, it is assumed that X and Y are electrically connected, X and Y are functionally connected, and X and Y are directly connected, as disclosed in this specification and the like. Therefore, it is not limited to a predetermined connection relationship, for example, the connection relationship shown in the figure or text, and those other than the connection relationship shown in the figure or text are also considered to be disclosed in the figure or text.

[0430] Here, it is assumed that X and Y are objects (for example, devices, elements, circuits, wirings, electrodes, terminals, conductive films, layers, etc.).

[0431] As an example of the case where X and Y are directly connected, it is the case where an element that enables electrical connection between X and Y (for example, a switch, transistor, capacitor element, inductor, resistor element, diode, display element, light-emitting element, load, etc.) is not connected between X and Y, and X and Y are connected without passing through an element that enables electrical connection between X and Y (for example, a switch, transistor, capacitor element, inductor, resistor element, diode, display element, light-emitting element, load, etc.).

[0432] As an example of the case where X and Y are electrically connected, one or more elements that enable electrical connection between X and Y (for example, a switch, transistor, capacitor, inductor, resistor, diode, display element, light-emitting element, load, etc.) can be connected between X and Y. Note that the switch has a function of controlling on / off. That is, the switch can be in a conductive state (on state) or a non-conductive state (off state), and has a function of controlling whether to allow current to flow or not. Or, the switch has a function of selecting and switching the path through which current flows. Note that when X and Y are electrically connected, it includes the case where X and Y are directly connected.

[0433] As an example of the case where X and Y are functionally connected, one or more circuits that enable functional connection between X and Y (for example, a logic circuit (such as an inverter, NAND circuit, NOR circuit, etc.), a signal conversion circuit (such as a DA conversion circuit, AD conversion circuit, gamma correction circuit, etc.), a potential level conversion circuit (such as a power supply circuit (boost circuit, buck circuit, etc.), a level shifter circuit that changes the potential level of a signal, etc.), a voltage source, a current source, a switching circuit, an amplification circuit (a circuit that can increase the signal amplitude or current amount, etc., an operational amplifier, a differential amplification circuit, a source follower circuit, a buffer circuit, etc.), a signal generation circuit, a memory circuit, a control circuit, etc.) can be connected between X and Y. Note that as an example, even if another circuit is interposed between X and Y, if the signal output from X is transmitted to Y, X and Y are considered to be functionally connected. Note that when X and Y are functionally connected, it includes the case where X and Y are directly connected and the case where X and Y are electrically connected.

[0434] In addition, when it is explicitly described that X and Y are electrically connected, the cases where X and Y are electrically connected (i.e., when they are connected with another element or another circuit interposed therebetween), the cases where X and Y are functionally connected (i.e., when they are functionally connected with another circuit interposed therebetween), and the cases where X and Y are directly connected (i.e., when they are connected without another element or another circuit interposed therebetween) shall be those disclosed in this specification and the like. That is, when it is explicitly described that X and Y are electrically connected, the same content as when it is only explicitly described that they are connected shall be those disclosed in this specification and the like.

[0435] In addition, for example, when the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of a transistor is electrically connected to X via (or without) Z1, and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y via (or without) Z2, or when the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor is directly connected to a part of Z1, another part of Z1 is directly connected to X, the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is directly connected to a part of Z2, and another part of Z2 is directly connected to Y, it can be expressed as follows.

[0436] For example, it can be expressed as "X, Y, the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor, and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor are electrically connected to each other, and are electrically connected in the order of X, the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor, the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor, and Y." Or, it can be expressed as "The source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to X, the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y, and X, the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor, the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor, and Y are electrically connected in this order." Or, it can be expressed as "X is electrically connected to Y through the source (or the first terminal, etc.) and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor, and X, the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor, the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor, and Y are provided in this connection order." By specifying the connection order in the circuit configuration using an expression method similar to these examples, the source (or the first terminal, etc.) and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor can be distinguished to determine the technical scope.

[0437] Alternatively, as another way of expression, for example, it can be expressed as "The source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to X via at least the first connection path, the first connection path does not have the second connection path, the second connection path is the path between the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor via the transistor, the first connection path is the path via Z1, the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y via at least the third connection path, the third connection path does not have the second connection path, and the third connection path is the path via Z2." Or it can be expressed as "The source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to X via Z1 by at least the first connection path, the first connection path does not have the second connection path, the second connection path has a connection path via the transistor, the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y via Z2 by at least the third connection path, and the third connection path does not have the second connection path." Or it can be expressed as "The source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to X via Z1 by at least the first electrical path, the first electrical path does not have the second electrical path, the second electrical path is the electrical path from the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor to the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor, the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor is electrically connected to Y via Z2 by at least the third electrical path, the third electrical path does not have the fourth electrical path, and the fourth electrical path is the electrical path from the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor to the source (or the first terminal, etc.) of the transistor." By stipulating the connection paths in the circuit configuration using an expression method similar to these examples, it is possible to distinguish between the source (or the first terminal, etc.) and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor and determine the technical scope.

[0438] Note that these expression methods are just examples and are not limited to these expression methods. Here, X, Y, Z1, and Z2 are assumed to be objects (for example, devices, elements, circuits, wirings, electrodes, terminals, conductive films, layers, etc.).

[0439] Note that even when components that are independent on the circuit diagram are shown as being electrically connected, there may be a case where one component has the functions of a plurality of components combined. For example, when a part of the wiring also functions as an electrode, one conductive film has the functions of both the wiring and the electrode components. Therefore, the electrically connected in this specification includes such a case where one conductive film has the functions of a plurality of components combined within its scope.

Description of Reference Signs

[0440] ANO: Conductive film, BM: Light-shielding film, CC: Color conversion layer, CI: Control information, DS: Detection information, G1: Scanning line, GCLK: Signal, II: Input information, IND: Index image, NP: Navigation panel, P1: Position information, PWC1: Signal, PWC2: Signal, S1: Signal line, SP: Control signal, TN: Thumbnail image, VI: Image information, V11: Information, VCOM2: Conductive film, 103a: Light-emitting unit, 103b: Light-emitting unit, 104: Intermediate layer, 111: Layer, 112: Layer, 113: Layer, 114: Layer, 200: Information processing device, 210: Arithmetic unit, 211: Arithmetic section, 212: Memory section, 213: Artificial intelligence section, 214: Transmission path, 215: Input / output interface, 220: Input / output device, 230: Display section, 231: Display area, 233: Control circuit, 234: Expansion circuit, 235: Image processing circuit, 238: Control section, 240: Input section, 241: Detection area, 248: Control section, 250: Detection section, 290: Communication section, 400: Molecular weight, 501C: Insulating film, 501D: Insulating film, 504: Conductive film, 506: Insulating film, 508: Semiconductor film, 508A: Region, 508B: Region, 508C: Region, 510: Substrate, 512A: Conductive film, 512B: Conductive film, 516: Insulating film, 518: Insulating film, 519B: Terminal, 520: Functional layer, 521: Insulating film, 524: Conductive film, 528: Insulating film, 530: Pixel circuit, 550: Display element, 551: Electrode, 552: Electrode, 553: Layer, 573: Insulating film, 573A: Insulating film, 573B: Insulating film, 574: Encapsulation film, 574A: Resin, 574B: Film, 591A: Opening, 700: Display panel, 700TP: Input / output panel, 702: Pixel, 703: Pixel, 705: Encapsulant, 770: Substrate, 770P: Functional film, 802: Detector, 5200B: Information processing device, 5210: Arithmetic unit, 5220: Input / output device, 5230: Display section, 5240: Input section, 5250: Detection section, 5290: Communication section, 7000: TV device, 7010: Smartwatch, 7020: Smartphone, 7030: Digital camera, 7040: Glasses-type information terminal, 7050: PC, 7060: PC, 7070: Game console

Claims

【Claim 1】 a display area, an insulating film, a sealing film, and has, the display area includes a first pixel, the first pixel includes a first display element and a first color conversion layer, the first color conversion layer includes a region overlapping with the first display element, the first color conversion layer converts first light into second light, the second light has a spectrum containing a high proportion of light with a longer wavelength compared to the first light, the insulating film covers the first display element, the sealing film includes a region sandwiching the first color conversion layer between the insulating film, the sealing film includes a region in contact with the insulating film outside the display area, the first display element emits the first light, the first display element includes a first layer, a second layer, a third layer, and a fourth layer, the third layer is sandwiched between the second layer and the fourth layer, the second layer is sandwiched between the first layer and the third layer, the first layer includes a first material and a second material, the second layer includes a third material, the third layer includes a light-emitting material and a fourth material, the fourth layer includes a fifth material and a sixth material, the first material has a HOMO level of -5.7 eV or more and -5.4 eV or less, the second material has an acceptor property, the third material has a HOMO level smaller than that of the first material, the fourth material has a HOMO level smaller than that of the third material, the fifth material has a HOMO level of -6.0 eV or more, the sixth material is an organic complex of an alkali metal or an organic complex of an alkaline earth metal, a display panel.

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