Revetment block, and revetment structure

Abstract

To provide a revetment block and a revetment structure that enable construction of a waterway for hydroelectric power generation.SOLUTION: In a revetment structure 100 constructed by arranging a plurality of revetment blocks in parallel along a revetment area of a river and stacking them in a plurality of stages, a water pressure pipe installation blocks 10 arranged in parallel in a direction from upstream toward downstream of a river are provided with through-holes 11 that make the water pressure pipe installation blocks 10 arranged in parallel communicate with each other, and a water pressure pipe 20 running in the direction from upstream toward downstream of the river is inserted through the through-hole. The plurality of revetment blocks constituting the revetment structure 100 include: the water pressure pipe installation block 10 which is a first revetment block having a cavity (the through hole 11) through which the water pressure pipe 20 is inserted; and a revetment block 2 which is a second revetment block that does not have a cavity through which the water pressure pipe 20 is inserted. The through-holes 11 are provided across the water pressure pipe installation block 10 in which the water pressure pipe 20 is installed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a revetment block and a revetment structure for laying a waterway for hydroelectric power generation. [Background technology]

[0002] BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, there is known a technique for reducing costs by laying water channels for hydroelectric power generation along existing roads (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-177229 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in the case of the technology of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to secure land for laying the waterway, and construction work such as burying a penstock in the land is required.

[0005] Recently, the development of renewable energy sources has been promoted as a measure against global warming and from the viewpoint of securing energy resources for national security. Among renewable energy sources, the development of large-scale hydroelectric power plants (see Figure 4) suitable for construction has been completed, but there is a desire to continue developing small-scale hydroelectric power plants (so-called mini-hydropower plants). For example, the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy is promoting a project related to small-scale hydroelectric power plants known as the Hydro Valley Project. In addition, as river flooding damage has occurred due to the effects of global warming, the national and local governments are working together to strengthen the nation's land, and there are increasing opportunities to carry out river bank protection work.

[0006] Therefore, the inventors have conducted extensive research and have developed a technology for strengthening revetments and laying waterways for hydroelectric power generation.

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide a revetment block and a revetment structure that enable the laying of a penstock for hydroelectric power generation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is as follows: A revetment block to be installed in a river bank area, The bank protection block is characterized by having a through-hole through which a penstock laid along the river from upstream to downstream can be inserted.

[0009] The invention described in claim 2 is the revetment block described in claim 1, The through-hole is formed along a direction from upstream to downstream of the river when the revetment block is installed in the revetment area.

[0010] The invention described in claim 3 is A revetment block to be installed in a river bank area, The bank protection block is provided with a groove through which a penstock can be inserted, the penstock being laid along the river from upstream to downstream, The groove portion is characterized in that it is formed along the direction from upstream to downstream of the river when the embankment block is installed in the embankment area, and has an opening on the back side of the embankment block.

[0011] The invention described in claim 4 is A revetment structure constructed by arranging a plurality of revetment blocks in parallel along the revetment area of a river and stacking them in multiple stages, The bank protection structure is provided with insertion holes that communicate with the bank protection blocks that are arranged side by side in a direction from the upstream to the downstream of the river, The insertion hole is characterized in that it is configured so that a penstock can be inserted therethrough along a direction from upstream to downstream of the river.

[0012] The invention described in claim 5 is the revetment structure described in claim 4, The insertion holes are provided in the steps of the revetment blocks where the head loss is small.

[0013] The invention described in claim 6 is the revetment structure described in claim 4 or 5, the plurality of revetment blocks include a first revetment block having a cavity through which the penstock is inserted and a second revetment block having no cavity through which the penstock is inserted, The insertion holes are characterized in that they are provided across the first revetment blocks that are arranged side by side. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] According to the present invention, a revetment block and a revetment structure are provided that enable the laying of a penstock for hydroelectric power generation. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a revetment structure using the revetment block of the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic front view showing a revetment structure using the revetment block of the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a revetment structure using the revetment block of the second embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram relating to hydroelectric power generation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] Hereinafter, embodiments of the revetment block and revetment structure according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, although the embodiments described below are subject to various technically preferable limitations for carrying out the present invention, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and illustrated examples.

[0017] A revetment structure is a retaining wall constructed by arranging a number of revetment blocks in parallel along the riverbank area and stacking them in multiple layers, and is constructed to cover the slope of the riverbank.

[0018] (Embodiment 1) 1 and 2, the revetment structure 100 of this embodiment has a six-tier structure in which revetment blocks 10 for installing penstocks are placed on foundation concrete 1, and revetment blocks 2 are stacked in five tiers on top of the revetment blocks 10. The size (cross-sectional thickness) of the revetment blocks 10 and 2 is determined by the lateral pressure. The revetment block 10 for installing a penstock used in the revetment structure 100 will be referred to as a penstock installation block 10 in the following description. The revetment structure 100 is not limited to a six-tiered structure, and may have any number of tiers formed by stacking a plurality of revetment blocks 2 according to the required retaining wall height (H).

[0019] For example, when viewed from the front (see FIG. 2), the penstock installation block 10 has a height of 1500 to 2000 mm and a width of 2000 mm. Furthermore, when viewed from the front, the lower four tiers of revetment blocks 2 (see Figure 2) measure 1000 mm in height and 2000 mm in width.

[0020] Backfill concrete 3 and backfill material 4 are filled and installed behind the top five rows of revetment blocks 2 in the revetment structure 100. The backfill material 4 is installed for the purpose of lowering the groundwater behind the revetment during normal times. A back formwork 5 is provided between the backfill concrete 3 and the backfill material 4. The gaps and spaces between the penstock block 10 and the revetment block 2 are filled with concrete core 6. In addition, a drainage pipe 7 is installed so as to reach the backfill material 4 from the surface side of the penstock installation block 10 and the revetment block 2, and a non-woven fabric suction prevention material 8 is installed at the end of the drainage pipe 7 on the backfill material 4 side.

[0021] Both the penstock installation block 10 and the revetment block 2 are large blocks for revetment that are installed in the revetment area of a river, and are precast or half-precast members. When these large blocks, such as the penstock installation blocks 10 and the revetment blocks 2, are stacked, the upper surface of each block is formed in a convex shape and the lower surface is formed in a concave shape so that the blocks fit together. Furthermore, decorative panels 10a, 2a are integrally provided on the surface sides of the penstock block 10 and the revetment block 2, which are large blocks.

[0022] The penstock installation block 10 is provided with a through-hole 11, which is a hollow, groove-like opening through which a penstock 20, which is laid along the river from upstream to downstream, can be inserted. The groove-shaped through-hole 11 is formed along the direction from upstream to downstream of the river when the penstock installation block 10 is installed in the bank protection area, and has an opening on the back side of the penstock installation block 10. The penstocks 11 of the penstock installation blocks 10 arranged side by side in the direction from upstream to downstream of the river as part of the bank protection structure 100 are connected together, and the penstock 20 is inserted through the penstocks 11. The state in which the through holes 11 of the penstock installation blocks 10 are connected together forms an insertion hole 11a for installing a penstock in the revetment structure 100. The penstock 20 inserted into this through-hole 11 is inclined downward from the upstream to the downstream of the river.

[0023] The penstock installation block 10 is a large block having a cavity through which the penstock 20 is inserted, while the revetment block 2 is a large block having no cavity through which the penstock 20 is inserted.

[0024] The penstock 20 is, for example, a pipe material for hydroelectric power generation that connects a water tank on the upstream side of a river with a hydroelectric power plant on the downstream side. Water flows from the reservoir tank to the hydroelectric power plant through this penstock 20, taking advantage of the difference in elevation, and electricity is generated at the hydroelectric power plant using the water flow and water pressure. The hydroelectric power plant referred to here is a facility that generates so-called small-scale hydroelectric power, and has equipment that uses water flow and water pressure through a penstock 20 to turn a water turbine and generate electricity, for example. The penstock 20 is laid by connecting together a plurality of tubular members selected from, for example, iron pipes, reinforced plastic composite pipes, polyethylene pipes, and the like. For example, a plurality of 5-6 m tubular members are connected to lay the penstock 20 that connects the water tank and the hydroelectric power plant. The penstock 20 is assumed to have a diameter of 1000 mm or less.

[0025] The through-holes 11 of the revetment structure 100 of this embodiment are provided across the penstock installation blocks 10 arranged in parallel at the lowest level. The through-holes 11 are provided in the revetment block level where the head loss is small. The penstock installation block 10 can be installed at any position on the revetment structure 100. The opening provided in the penstock installation block 10 for inserting the penstock 20 into the revetment structure 100 is a through-hole 11 partitioned into a groove shape.

[0026] Next, a procedure for constructing the revetment structure 100 of this embodiment will be described.

[0027] [Step 1] The first procedure for constructing the revetment structure 100 of this embodiment is to install the penstock installation block 10 and then install the penstock 20.

[0028] First, the foundation concrete 1 is laid, and then the penstock installation block 10 is installed. The penstock 20 is inserted through the through-hole 11 of the penstock installation block 10 and installed. The penstock 20 is installed by connecting a plurality of tubular members within the through-hole 11 and extending along the direction from the upstream to the downstream of the river. Next, the penstock installation block 10 having the through-hole 11 is installed to match the installation height of the penstock 20. The area around the penstock 20 installed inside the through-hole 11 is filled with backfill concrete.

[0029] Next, the revetment blocks 2 are stacked on top of the penstock installation blocks 10. The construction procedure is similar to the construction method for general revetment blocks, and the following steps 1 to 5 are repeated to stack the revetment blocks 2 in the specified number of layers. 1. Stack 2 embankment blocks. 2. Install the rear formwork 5. 3. Fill with backfill material 4. 4. Fill with backfill concrete 3 and core concrete 6. 5. Compact the backfill material. The drain pipe 7 and the suction prevention material 8 are installed appropriately so as to fulfill their functions.

[0030] In this way, the revetment structure 100 can be constructed by stacking the penstock installation blocks 10 and the revetment blocks 2, which are large blocks.

[0031] [Second step] The first procedure for constructing the revetment structure 100 of this embodiment is a technique of laying the penstock 20 and then installing the penstock installation block 10.

[0032] First, a concrete foundation 1 is laid, and then a penstock 20 is laid on the concrete foundation 1 so as to connect tubular members together, extending along the direction from the upstream to the downstream of the river. Next, the penstock installation block 10 having the through-hole 11 is installed to match the installation height of the penstock 20. The area around the penstock 20 installed inside the through-hole 11 is filled with backfill concrete. The penstock installation block 10 is provided with a groove-shaped through-hole 11, so that the penstock 20 that has been laid in advance can be inserted into the through-hole 11 of the penstock installation block 10.

[0033] Next, similarly to the above-mentioned "first procedure," steps 1 to 5 are repeated to construct a revetment structure 100 consisting of five layers of revetment blocks 2 stacked on top of the penstock installation block 10.

[0034] In this way, by using the penstock installation block 10 provided with the groove-shaped through-hole 11, the penstock 20 can be laid in the revetment structure 100. In other words, with the penstock installation block 10 and revetment structure 100 of this embodiment, by constructing the revetment structure 100, the penstock 20 can be laid in the insertion hole of the revetment structure 100, eliminating the need to lay a new waterway separately for the hydroelectric power generation equipment.

[0035] Recently, due to the effects of large typhoons and linear rain bands, river flooding damage has occurred, and efforts are being made to strengthen the nation's land resilience, leading to an increase in opportunities for river bank construction. When carrying out the bank protection work, if the bank protection structure 100 of this embodiment is constructed using the penstock installation block 10 of this embodiment, the penstock 20 as the waterway for hydroelectric power generation can be laid without having to secure land for the waterway, making it easier to commercialize new hydroelectric power generation. In particular, small-scale hydroelectric power generation has recently been attracting attention as a renewable energy business from the perspective of securing energy resources and decarbonization. Furthermore, the large blocks, the penstock installation block 10 and the revetment block 2, can have earthquake resistance, which can contribute to strengthening the nation's resilience. Therefore, by constructing the revetment structure 100 of this embodiment through construction to strengthen the revetment, and then laying the penstock 20 for hydroelectric power generation to start a new hydroelectric power generation business, it is possible to achieve two goals: the development of renewable energy and the strengthening of the nation's resilience.

[0036] Furthermore, if the revetment structure 100 is located along the river from upstream to downstream, it is easy to tilt the penstock 20 laid in the penetration opening 11 of the revetment structure 100, and water can flow efficiently from the water tank on the upstream side of the river to the hydroelectric power plant on the downstream side, making it possible to efficiently generate electricity using the water flow.

[0037] As described above, with the penstock installation block 10 and revetment structure 100 of this embodiment, the penstock 20 for hydroelectric power generation can be laid in conjunction with revetment construction work, making it possible to simultaneously strengthen the nation's resilience by strengthening revetments and secure renewable energy resources. Furthermore, since the penstock installation blocks 10 and the revetment blocks 2, which are large blocks, have earthquake resistance, the revetment structure 100 formed by stacking these penstock installation blocks 10 and revetment blocks 2 functions favorably as a structure with excellent earthquake resistance.

[0038] (Embodiment 2) Next, a second embodiment of the revetment block and revetment structure according to the present invention will be described. The same parts as those in the first embodiment will be given the same reference numerals, and only the different parts will be described.

[0039] The revetment structure 100 of embodiment 2 has a seven-tier structure, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, in which a penstock installation block 10, which is a revetment block for installing a penstock, is installed on a foundation concrete 1, and six tiers of revetment blocks 2 are stacked on top of the penstock installation block 10. Additionally, backfill concrete 3 and backfill material 4 are filled in the backsides of the upper six stages of revetment blocks 2 in this revetment structure 100 . The revetment structure 100 is not limited to a seven-tier structure, and may have any number of tiers formed by stacking a plurality of revetment blocks 2 according to the required retaining wall height (H).

[0040] The penstock installation block 10 of the revetment structure 100 shown in FIG. 3 is provided with a through-hole 13, which is a cavity through which a penstock 20 laid along the river from upstream to downstream can be inserted. This through-hole 13 is formed along the direction from upstream to downstream of the river when the penstock installation block 10 is installed in the bank protection area. In FIG. 3, the opening shape of the through hole 13 is oval, but the opening shape is not limited to this, and the through hole 13 may have an opening shape such as a circle or a rectangle as long as the penstock 20 can be inserted therethrough.

[0041] The penstocks 13 of the penstock installation blocks 10 arranged side by side in the direction from upstream to downstream of the river as part of the bank protection structure 100 are connected together, and the penstock 20 is inserted through the penstocks 13 . The penstock structure 100 includes a through hole 13a for installing a penstock pipe, which is formed by connecting the through holes 13 of the penstock installation blocks 10 together. The penstock 20 inserted into this penstock installation block 10 is inclined downward from the upstream to the downstream of the river.

[0042] The procedure for constructing the revetment structure 100 of this second embodiment is the procedure of the "first method" described above.

[0043] First, the foundation concrete 1 is laid, and then the penstock installation block 10 is installed on the foundation concrete 1. The penstock 20 is inserted into the through-hole 13 of the penstock installation block 10 and installed. The penstock 20 installed inside the through-hole 13 is filled with backfill concrete. Next, the above-mentioned steps 1 to 5 are repeated to construct the revetment structure 100, which is made up of six layers of revetment blocks 2 stacked on top of the penstock installation block 10.

[0044] In this way, the penstock 20 can be laid using the penstock installation block 10 of the second embodiment, which is provided with the through-hole 13. Even with the penstock installation block 10 and revetment structure 100 of embodiment 2, the penstock 20 for hydroelectric power generation can be laid in conjunction with the revetment construction work, making it possible to simultaneously strengthen the nation's resilience by strengthening the revetments and secure renewable energy resources.

[0045] As described above, by constructing the revetment structure 100 using the penstock installation block 10 of this embodiment, the penstock 20 can be laid in the revetment structure 100, eliminating the need to secure land for laying the penstock 20 as a waterway and eliminating the need for additional construction work such as burying the penstock 20 underground. In other words, if the revetment structure 100 has the penstock installation block 10 of this embodiment, it is possible to lay a waterway for hydroelectric power generation in an appropriate manner, and the construction costs can be reduced.

[0046] In the above embodiment, the penstock installation block 10 is installed in the lowest stage of the revetment structure 100, and the penstock 20 is laid through an insertion hole in the revetment structure 100. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the penstock installation block 10 may be installed in any stage of the revetment block where head loss is small, or the penstock installation block 10 may be installed in multiple stages.

[0047] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the penstock 20 is used as a waterway for small-scale hydroelectric power generation, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the penstock 20 installed in the revetment structure 100 may also be used as a water supply pipe, a sewerage pipe, or the like.

[0048] Furthermore, it goes without saying that other specific detailed structures and the like can be modified as appropriate.

[0049] [Note] The configuration of the present invention will be explained below.

[0050] A penstock installation block 10, which is a revetment block installed in the revetment area of a river, is provided with a groove-like through-hole 11 as a groove through which a penstock 20 laid from upstream to downstream of the river can be inserted. The groove-like through-hole 11 is formed in the direction from upstream to downstream of the river when the penstock installation block 10 is installed in the revetment area, and opens to the back side of the revetment block (Embodiment 1).

[0051] A penstock installation block 10, which is a revetment block installed in the revetment area of a river, is provided with a through-hole 13 through which a penstock 20 laid along the river from upstream to downstream can be inserted, and the through-hole 13 is formed along the direction from upstream to downstream of the river when the penstock installation block 10 is installed in the revetment area. (Embodiment 2)

[0052] The revetment structure 100 is constructed by arranging a plurality of revetment blocks (10, 2) in parallel along the revetment area of the river and stacking them in multiple layers. The revetment structure 100 has insertion holes 13a, 11a for installing penstocks that connect the penstock installation blocks 10 arranged in parallel in the direction from upstream to downstream of the river. The penstocks 13 and 11 of the penstock installation block 10, when connected, form insertion holes 13a and 11a for installing a penstock in the revetment structure 100, and the penstock 20 is inserted into the insertion holes 13a and 11a.

[0053] The multiple revetment blocks that make up the revetment structure 100 include a penstock installation block 10, which is a first revetment block having a cavity (through holes 13, 11) through which the penstock 20 is inserted, and a revetment block 2, which is a second revetment block having no cavity through which the penstock 20 is inserted, and insertion holes 13a, 11a for installing the penstock are provided across the penstock installation blocks 10 that are arranged side by side. [Explanation of symbols]

[0054] 1. Foundation concrete 2. Revetment block (second revetment block) 2a Decorative panel 3 Backfill concrete 4 Backfill material 5 Back formwork 6. Concrete filling 7 Drain pipe 8. Anti-sucking material 10 Penstock Installation Block (First Revetment Block, Revetment Block for Penstock Installation) 10a Decorative panel 11 Through hole (groove, cavity) 13 Through hole (cavity) 11a, 13a Insertion holes 20 Penstock 100 Revetment Structures

Claims

1. A revetment block to be installed in a river bank area, The revetment block is characterized in that the revetment block is provided with a through-hole through which a penstock laid along the river from upstream to downstream can be inserted.

2. The revetment block according to claim 1, characterized in that the through-hole is formed along a direction from upstream to downstream of the river when the revetment block is installed in the revetment area.

3. A revetment block to be installed in a river bank area, The bank protection block is provided with a groove through which a penstock can be inserted, the penstock being laid along the river from upstream to downstream, A revetment block characterized in that the groove portion is formed along the direction from upstream to downstream of the river when the revetment block is installed in the revetment area, and has an opening on the back side of the revetment block.

4. A revetment structure constructed by arranging a plurality of revetment blocks in parallel along the revetment area of a river and stacking them in multiple stages, The bank protection structure is provided with insertion holes that communicate with the bank protection blocks that are arranged side by side in a direction from the upstream to the downstream of the river, A revetment structure characterized in that a penstock extending from the upstream to the downstream of the river is inserted into the insertion hole.

5. 5. The revetment structure according to claim 4, wherein the insertion holes are provided in steps of the revetment blocks where head loss is small.

6. the plurality of revetment blocks include a first revetment block having a cavity through which the penstock is inserted and a second revetment block having no cavity through which the penstock is inserted, 6. The revetment structure according to claim 4, wherein the insertion holes are provided across the first revetment blocks arranged in parallel.

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