Building roof structure

Abstract

To provide a building roof structure which can enhance a snow-resistant load of a roof, while maintaining good appearance of the roof of the building.SOLUTION: A verge structure 1 includes a plurality of roof materials 20, verge covers 30, and verge sacrificed plates 40. The verge sacrificed plate 40 has a rising part 405S which is arranged in a ridge side part and is inclined in a forwardly upward manner to outside in a horizontal direction. A plurality of verge covers 30 is fixed to a roof substrate so that an eaves side part of a second verge sacrificed plate 40B adjacent to a first verge sacrificed plate 40A among the plurality of verge sacrificed plates 40 is mounted on the rising part 405S of the first verge sacrificed plate 40A, and an upper plate part 32 of a verge cover 30B corresponding to the second verge sacrificed plate 40B is arranged on the eaves side part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a roof structure for a building. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, gable members used to fit horizontal roofing materials to the gables of buildings have been known. In the technology described in Patent Document 1, the gable member is composed of a gable cover and a backboard to prevent rain from dripping from the gable end.

[0003] The gable cover has a flat portion that is connected to the roof material and a side portion. The gable-side end of the flat portion has an inclined portion that slopes upward toward the outside. The side portion extends downward from the outer end of the inclined portion, and its lower end is bent inward to form a U-shape that opens upward. Meanwhile, the backsplash board has a flat portion and a backsplash board connection portion formed by bending the left and right sides of the flat portion toward the front surface. The gable cover is fixed to the gable board with the gable cover and the backsplash board connection portion fitted together. In this technology, the inclined portion formed on the gable cover can prevent rain that runs sideways along the horizontally laid roof material from dripping onto the gable. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-169353 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The technology described in Patent Document 1 has an inclined section that slopes upward toward the outside to prevent rainwater from dripping onto the gable side, which means that the roof material and the gable cover cannot form a continuous plane when viewed from the ground, which causes the aesthetic appearance of the building to be compromised.

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide a roof structure for a building that can increase the snow load resistance of the roof while maintaining the aesthetic appearance of the roof of the building. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The inventors of the present invention continued to evaluate various quality characteristics while keeping the upper plate of the cover member parallel to the roofing material in order to maintain the aesthetic appearance of the building roof, and discovered that this structure did not have sufficient snow load resistance during snowfall, and as a result, they faced a new problem: the cover member was prone to detaching from the roofing material. As a result, the inventors came up with a new roof structure that normally maintains a shape parallel to the roofing material, but deforms during snowfall so that it can stably receive accumulated snow.

[0008] The roof structure of a building according to the first invention based on the above-described technical idea comprises a plurality of roofing materials arranged on the roof underlayment of the building, each of which extends in the left-right direction and is arranged side by side in the front-to-back direction so as to slope from the upper tier to the lower tier; a plurality of base members fixed to one left-to-right end of each of the plurality of roofing materials; and a plurality of cover members arranged side by side in the front-to-back direction, each of which has an upper plate portion arranged to overlap the one end of the plurality of roofing materials from above and a vertical plate portion extending downward from the end of the upper plate portion to cover the roof underlayment from the side, wherein the base members are arranged in the upper tier portion and have a raised portion that slopes upward outward in the left-to-right direction, and the lower tier portion of a second base member adjacent to the first base member is placed on the raised portion of a first base member of the plurality of base members, and the upper plate portion of the cover member corresponding to the second base member is placed on the lower tier portion, and the plurality of cover members are each fixed to the roof underlayment.

[0009] According to the first invention, a raised portion of the base member is positioned below the upper plate portion of each cover member. The raised portion is inclined upward toward the outside in the left-right direction. Therefore, when snow accumulates on the building roof, the snow load presses the cover member downward, allowing the upper plate portion of the cover member to deform along the slope of the raised portion. This allows the cover member to maintain a posture that stably supports snow at the edge of the roof. As a result, it is possible to increase the snow load resistance of the roof during snowfall while maintaining the aesthetic appearance of the building roof by normally having a shape that conforms to the roof material. Furthermore, because each cover member is fixed to the roof underlayment, it is possible to prevent the cover member from detaching even when subjected to the snow load. Furthermore, because each base member is fixed to the roof material, even if the snow load acts from the cover member on the base member, it can stably withstand the snow load together with the roof material.

[0010] The second invention is the first invention, wherein the multiple roofing materials have a roofing material main body portion, a lower engagement portion arranged at the lower end of the roofing material main body portion, and an upper engagement portion arranged on the upper side of the roofing material main body portion, the lower engagement portions and the upper engagement portions of adjacent roofing materials are engaged with each other, and each of the multiple base members has a waste board main body portion inserted in the left-right direction between the roofing material main body portion and the lower engagement portion of the roofing material, and it is desirable that the roofing material main body portion and the waste board main body portion are fixed by a first fastening portion on the lower side of one of the base members, thereby fixing the base member to the roofing material.

[0011] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the base member can be easily and stably attached to the roofing material by inserting the base board main body portion of each base member between the roofing material main body portion and the lower engaging portion of the roofing material along the left-right direction. Furthermore, by fixing the roofing material main body portion and the base board main body portion with the first fastening portion on the lower side of the base member, the base member can be firmly fixed to the roofing material.

[0012] A third invention is that, in the second invention, the first cover member corresponding to the first base member is fixed to the roof underlayment by a second fastening portion at the upper end of the vertical board portion, and the second cover member corresponding to the second base member is preferably arranged so as to cover the second fastening portion that fixes the first cover member and the first fastening portion that fixes the first base member.

[0013] According to the third invention, the upper cover member can cover the fixed portion of the lower cover member and the fixed portion of the contained base member, thereby maintaining a high level of aesthetic appeal around the roof eaves.

[0014] A fourth invention is the third invention, wherein, from the lower level to the upper level of the building, the second fastening portion of the first cover member, the first fastening portion of the second base member, and the raised portion of the first base member are desirably arranged in this order.

[0015] According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the second cover member covers the second fastening portion of the first cover member and the first fastening portion of the second base member, respectively, and the raised portion of the first base member, which is located higher than the fastening portions, stably supports the second base member from below. During snowfall, the raised portion of the first base member allows the second cover member to deform. This effectively utilizes the structure of the overlapping portions of the upper and lower tiers to maintain the roof's aesthetic appearance and achieve load-bearing performance during snow accumulation. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a roof structure for a building that can increase the snow load resistance of the roof while maintaining the aesthetic appearance of the roof of the building. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of the gable and surrounding area of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a perspective view showing the internal structure around the gable of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 3] 1 is a perspective view of a state in which cover members and the like have been removed from around the gable of a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of FIG. 3. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a base member according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of FIG. 5. [Figure 7] 4 is a perspective view of a state in which a cover member is attached to the periphery of the gable of FIG. 3. FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a cover member according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating how two cover members are connected. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating a state in which two cover members are connected. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a front view illustrating the effect when snow accumulates on the roof material and the cover member. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the gable and surrounding areas of a building according to a first modified embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the periphery of a building gable according to a second modified embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, a gable structure 1 (roof structure) for a building according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the gable and its surroundings for a building according to this embodiment. Note that in each of the following figures, including FIG. 1, front-to-back, left-to-right, and up-to-down directions are shown as necessary for ease of explanation, but these directions do not limit the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, each direction is when the gable structure 1 is viewed from outside the building, with the direction toward the ridge of the building being the rear direction, the direction toward the eaves being the front direction, and the directions toward a pair of gables located on opposite sides being the left-to-right directions. In the following explanation, the gable structure 1 on the right side of a building will be used as an example, but the gable structure on the left side of a building may be similar.

[0019] The gable structure 1 includes a gable board 10, a plurality of roof materials 20, a plurality of gable covers 30 (cover members, also called gable caps), a plurality of gable backing boards 40 (Figure 3) (base members), and a plurality of fixing devices 50 (Figure 3).

[0020] The multiple roofing materials 20 are made of plates extending in the left-right direction. The multiple roofing materials 20 are arranged in steps along the front-to-rear direction so as to slope from above the water to below the water (from the lower step to the upper step), and are arranged so that they become gradually lower toward the front, i.e., toward the eaves.

[0021] The multiple gable covers 30 are respectively arranged at the right ends of the multiple roof materials 20, and have the function of storing the girders of the roof materials 20. Like the multiple roof materials 20, the multiple gable covers 30 are also arranged in steps along the front-to-rear direction, and are arranged so that they become lower toward the front, i.e., toward the eaves side (lower step side).

[0022] The gable board 10 is disposed below the plurality of gable covers 30 and on the inner side in the left-right direction of the gable covers 30. As an example, the gable board 10 is made of a metal plate.

[0023] Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the internal structure around the gable of a building according to this embodiment. Under the multiple gable covers 30 in Figure 1, sheathing boards 14 in Figure 2 are arranged. The sheathing boards 14 correspond to the roof underlayment. The sheathing boards 14 are also arranged so as to slope downward from the ridge side toward the eaves side, that is, from the rear side to the front side in Figure 2. The sheathing boards 14 are made of wooden boards.

[0024] Additionally, a girder base material 16 extending in the front-to-rear direction is attached to the right end of the sheathing board 14. The girder base material 16 is fixed to the sheathing board 14 by a fastener S1. As an example, the girder base material 16 is made of a metal plate. Note that although one fastener S1 is shown in Figure 2, in reality, multiple fasteners S1 are arranged at intervals in the front-to-rear direction. The girder base material 16 has the function of supporting the girder covers 30, and as will be described in detail below, each girder cover 30 is fastened to the girder base material 16 by a fastener.

[0025] A gable base board 12 is arranged below the right end of the sheathing board 14. The gable base board 12 is a base material that supports the above-mentioned gable board 10. The gable base board 12 is made of wood.

[0026] Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the gable periphery of a building according to this embodiment with some gable covers 30 and the like removed. Fig. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of Fig. 3. In the following description, in order to explain the positional relationship between adjacent members in the front-to-rear direction, the lower member may be given the symbol A and the upper member may be given the symbol B. As shown in Fig. 3, roofing material 20B is arranged on the upper level (rear side) of roofing material 20A.

[0027] Each roofing material 20 has a roofing material lower folded portion 20S (lower engagement portion) and a roofing material upper folded portion 20T (upper engagement portion). The main body of the roofing material 20 excluding these folded portions is defined as the roofing material main body. The roofing material lower folded portion 20S is formed by folding the eaves side end of the roofing material 20 downward. Similarly, the roofing material upper folded portion 20T is formed by folding the ridge side end of the roofing material 20 upward. With roofing material 20A fixed to the sheathing boards 14 in advance, the roofing material lower folded portion 20S of roofing material 20B engages with the roofing material upper folded portion 20T (not shown in Figure 3) of roofing material 20A, thereby positioning roofing material 20B relative to roofing material 20A. In this state, as shown in Figure 3, a fastener 50 with an S-shaped cross section is engaged with the roof material upper folded portion 20T of the roof material 20B, and the fastener 50 is fixed to the sheathing board 14 by a fastener (not shown) that is inserted into the fastener hole 50T of the fastener 50. As a result, the roof material 20B is fixed to the sheathing board 14. Note that multiple fasteners 50 are arranged along the left-right direction.

[0028] Once each tier of roofing material 20 is fixed to the sheathing boards 14, gable scrap boards 40 are attached and fixed to the ends of the roofing material. Then, gable covers 30 are attached and fixed to cover the ends of the roofing material 20 and the gable scrap boards 40. After that, the next tier of roofing material 20 is fixed to the sheathing boards 14, and the above installation procedure is repeated.

[0029] Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a girder throw-out board 40 according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of Fig. 5. The girder throw-out board 40 is a plate-shaped member that extends long in the front-to-rear direction. The girder throw-out board 40 is formed by bending a metal plate. Referring to Fig. 5, the girder throw-out board 40 has a base portion 401 (thread body portion), an inner folded portion 402, an outer folded portion 403, a lower folded portion 404, and an upper folded portion 405 (raised portion).

[0030] The base plate portion 401 is the main body of the gable throw-off board 40, and is a plate-like portion that has a predetermined width in the left-right direction and extends long in the front-rear direction.

[0031] The inner folded portion 402 is connected to the left end of the base portion 401 and is disposed on the left side of the base portion 401 so as to cover the central portion of the base portion 401 in the front-to-rear direction. The inner folded portion 402 is formed by folding back a protruding piece that extends further leftward from the left end of the base portion 401 from the top to the right. The inner folded portion 402 has multiple bent portions. The inner folded portion 402 also has a standing wall 402S. The standing wall 402S protrudes upward with a slight height along the left end of the inner folded portion 402 and extends in the front-to-rear direction.

[0032] Similarly, the outer folded portion 403 is connected to the right end of the substrate portion 401 and is disposed on the right side of the substrate portion 401 so as to cover the central portion of the substrate portion 401 in the front-to-rear direction. The outer folded portion 403 is formed by folding back a protruding piece that extends further rightward from the right end of the substrate portion 401 from the top to the left. Like the inner folded portion 402, the outer folded portion 403 also has multiple bent portions. The outer folded portion 403 also has a standing wall 403S. The standing wall 403S protrudes upward with a slight height along the right end of the outer folded portion 403 and extends in the front-to-rear direction.

[0033] The lower folded portion 404 is a portion where the front end (the eaves side end, the underwater side end, the lower step side end) of the base portion 401 is bent downwards at a slight height.

[0034] Similarly, the upper folded portion 405 is a portion where the rear end (ridge side end, above-water side end, upper tier side end) of the base portion 401 is bent upward at a slight height. The height dimension of the upper folded portion 405 is set to be greater than the height dimension of the lower folded portion 404. Also, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the upper end of the upper folded portion 405 is inclined upward toward the outside in the left-right direction, i.e., toward the right side (gable side) in Figures 5 and 6, and forms an inclined upper end portion 405S.

[0035] 5, a front folded end 402F and a rear folded end 402R are provided at the front and rear of the inner folded portion 402. The front folded end 402F and the rear folded end 402R are integral with the inner folded portion 402 and are formed by bending the metal plate that constitutes the gable discard board 40. The front folded end 402F extends forward so as to overlap the left end of the lower folded portion 404. The rear folded end 402R extends rearward so as to overlap the left end of the upper folded portion 405.

[0036] Similarly, a front folded end 403F and a rear folded end 403R are provided in front and behind the outer folded portion 403. The front folded end 403F and the rear folded end 403R are integral with the outer folded portion 403 and are formed by bending the metal plate that constitutes the gable discard board 40. The front folded end 403F extends forward so as to overlap with the right end of the lower folded portion 404. The rear folded end 402R extends rearward so as to overlap with the right end of the upper folded portion 405.

[0037] Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the state in which the girder cover 30 is attached to the periphery of the girder in Fig. 3. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the girder cover 30 according to this embodiment. Fig. 9 is a perspective view illustrating the state in which two girder covers 30 are connected. Fig. 10 is a perspective view illustrating the state in which two girder covers 30 are connected.

[0038] Referring to Figure 8, the gable cover 30 has an outer plate portion 31 (vertical plate portion), an upper plate portion 32, a front wall 33 (underwater side wall portion), and a water-stopping material 60. The gable cover 30 further has an outer plate bent portion 31A, an outer plate folded portion 31B, an upper plate folded portion 32A, and a pair of front wall bent portions 33A. The gable cover 30 has a substantially L-shape in cross section including the left-right and up-down directions. The gable cover 30 has the function of covering (containing) the right end portion of the roof material 20 and the gable waste board 40 attached thereto in order to maintain the aesthetic appearance of the area around the gable of the building.

[0039] The outer plate portion 31 constitutes the side portion of the girder cover 30. The outer plate portion 31 has a predetermined height in the up-down direction and extends longitudinally in the front-to-rear direction. At the lower end of the outer plate portion 31, an outer plate bent portion 31A and an outer plate folded-back portion 31B are disposed, which are formed by bending a portion of the outer plate portion 31. The outer plate bent portion 31A is located at the front end of the outer plate portion 31 and extends to the left. The outer plate bent portion 31A is bent upward by an operator when the two front and rear girder covers 30 are connected to each other. The outer plate folded-back portion 31B is located behind the outer plate bent portion 31A and extends upward from the lower end of the outer plate portion 31. In other words, the main body portion of the outer plate portion 31 and the outer plate folded-back portion 31B overlap so as to face each other.

[0040] The outer plate portion 31 further has an outer plate protrusion 31S. The outer plate protrusion 31S is a portion at the rear end of the outer plate portion 31 that protrudes rearward beyond the upper plate portion 32. A fastener fastening portion 30H is formed in the outer plate protrusion 31S. Note that the imaginary reference line K shown in Figure 8 indicates the position of the front end of the outer plate portion 31 of the rear girder cover 30 when the two front and rear girder covers 30 are connected to each other.

[0041] The upper plate portion 32 constitutes the upper surface of the gable cover 30. The upper plate portion 32 has a predetermined width in the left-right direction and extends longitudinally in the front-to-rear direction. An upper plate fold portion 32A is disposed at the left end of the upper plate portion 32, and is formed by bending a portion of the upper plate portion 32 to the right on the lower side. The upper plate fold portion 32A is formed over substantially the entire area of the upper plate portion 32 in the front-to-rear direction. In other words, the main body portion of the upper plate portion 32 and the upper plate fold portion 32A overlap so as to face each other.

[0042] The front wall 33 is disposed on the front side of the gable cover 30 so as to close the corner where the outer plate portion 31 and the upper plate portion 32 intersect. More specifically, the front wall 33 extends downward from the front end portion of the upper plate portion 32, and its right end portion contacts (is close to) the front end portion of the outer plate portion 31. The height of the front wall 33 is set to approximately one-fourth the height of the outer plate portion 31.

[0043] A pair of left and right front wall bent portions 33A extending rearward are disposed at the lower end of the front wall 33. A drain outlet 30T is formed between the pair of front wall bent portions 33A. The drain outlet 30T is a rectangular opening that is located at a predetermined height from the lower end of the front wall 33.

[0044] The water-stopping material 60 is fixed to the inner surface of the outer plate portion 31. The water-stopping material 60 is a rectangular, thin plate-like member. The water-stopping material 60 is arranged at the corner of the front end and upper end of the outer plate portion 31. The upper end of the water-stopping material 60 abuts against the underside of the upper plate portion 32. The water-stopping material 60 is located between the right-side front wall folding portion 33A and the outer plate portion 31. As an example, the water-stopping material 60 is made of Eptsealer.

[0045] Referring to FIG. 3, with the lower-level roofing material 20A, gable siding 40A (first base member), and gable cover 30A (first cover member) fixed directly or indirectly to the sheathing boards 14, roofing material 20B is fixed to the sheathing boards 14 by fasteners 50 as described above. Then, gable siding 40B (second base member) is attached to the end of roofing material 20B. At this time, the outer fold portion 403 of gable siding 40B is placed on top of roofing material 20B, and the base portion 401 (FIG. 5) and inner fold portion 402 are placed below roofing material 20B. In other words, gable siding 40B is attached to roofing material 20B so that the end of roofing material 20B is sandwiched between the outer fold portion 403 and the base portion 401. As shown in FIG. 3, the rear end of the outer folded portion 403 of the gable siding 40B is sandwiched between the roofing material upper folded portion 20T and the main body of the roofing material 20B (inserted below the roofing material upper folded portion 20T). Furthermore, the rear end of the gable siding 40B is exposed further rearward (toward the ridge) than the roofing material 20B. As a result, the inclined upper end 405S of the gable siding 40B is located below the roofing material 20, which is higher than the roofing material 20B. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, not only the roofing material 20 and the gable cover 30, but also the adjacent gable sidings 40A and 40B are arranged so as to partially overlap.

[0046] As shown in FIG. 4, the lower folded portion 404 of the gable throw-out board 40B is positioned directly behind and facing the lower roof material folded portion 20S of the roof material 20B. The right end (outer end) of the lower folded portion 404 is exposed to the left (outside) of the lower roof material folded portion 20S. The upper folded portion 405 of the lower gable throw-out board 40A is positioned behind and below the lower folded portion 404. In this state, the worker secures the roof material 20B and the base portion 401 of the gable throw-out board 40B using the fastener S2 (first fastener) shown in FIG. 4.

[0047] Once the gable backsplash 40B has been attached and secured in this manner, the gable cover 30B (second cover member) is attached to the end of the roof material 20B, as shown in Figure 7. Note that the fastener S3 (Figure 4) (second fastening portion) has already been fastened to the fastener fastening portion 30H of the gable cover 30A, and the gable cover 30A is secured to the gable base material 16 (Figure 7). When the gable cover 30B is attached, as shown in Figure 9, the outer plate protrusion 31S of the gable cover 30A is inserted into the front end of the gable cover 30B, particularly the gap between the outer plate portion 31 and the front wall 33. As mentioned above, the front edge of the outer plate portion 31 of the gable cover 30B is positioned along the imaginary reference line K (Figure 10). Additionally, a pair of front wall folding portions 33A of the girder cover 30B are placed on the rear end of the upper plate portion 32 of the girder cover 30A. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, a rainwater flow path is formed through the drainage outlet 30T, connecting the interior of the girder cover 30B to the upper surface of the girder cover 30A. Then, the worker raises the outer plate folding portion 31A (FIG. 8) of the girder cover 30B, thereby clamping the outer plate protruding portion 31S of the girder cover 30A between the outer plate folding portion 31A and the main body of the outer plate portion 31 (FIG. 10). Thereafter, the fastener fastening portion 30H of the girder cover 30B in FIG. 10 is also fixed to the girder base material 16 by the fastener S3 (FIG. 7).

[0048] <Effects during rainfall> During rainfall, rainwater flows from the upper roofing material 20 to the lower roofing material 20, i.e., from the ridge side to the eaves side, as indicated by arrow D1 in FIG. 1. Because the top surface of the gable cover 30 is slightly higher than the top surface of the roofing material 20, some rainwater flows into the gap between the roofing material 20 and the gable cover 30, as indicated by arrow D2. Some of this rainwater may flow further below the outer fold 403 of the gable backing board 40 inside the gable cover 30, as indicated by arrow D3 in FIG. 3. Furthermore, some of the rainwater may flow above the outer fold 403, as indicated by arrow D4. In the former case, the rainwater flows forward on the base plate 401, as indicated by arrow D5 in FIG. 5, and is blocked by the lower roofing material fold 20S in FIG. 4, leading to the left and right directions. The rainwater flowing to the left drips onto the top surface of the lower roofing material 20A. Meanwhile, rainwater that flows to the right drips downward from the exposed portion of the lower folded portion 404 in Figure 4. At this time, the front end portion 403F of the folded portion prevents the rainwater from proceeding further to the right (gable side). Meanwhile, as indicated by arrow D4 in Figure 3, rainwater that flows onto the outer folded portion 403 of the gable backboard 40 is guided to the exposed portion of the lower folded portion 404, as indicated by arrow D6 in Figure 4, through a groove formed by the bent shape of the outer folded portion 403. At this time, the upright wall 403S erected on the outside of the outer folded portion 403 prevents the rainwater from flowing toward the gable side.

[0049] Rainwater that falls downward from the exposed portion of the lower folded portion 404 lands on the rear end of the upper plate portion 32 of the gable cover 30A directly below (Figure 10). In this area, the front wall 33 of the gable cover 30B is located in front, and the water-stop material 60 of the gable cover 30B is located on the right side (outside). Therefore, the rainwater flows out of the drain outlet 30T onto the top surface of the gable cover 30A while being prevented from flowing outward (toward the gable) by the water-stop material 60. In this way, in this embodiment, rainwater that flows from the upper roof material 20B around the adjacent gable cover 30B can be guided to the lower gable cover 30A while being prevented from flowing toward the gable side.

[0050] At this time, the rear end of the gable cover 30A is fixed to the gable base material 16 in advance by the fastener S3. A clockwise moment generated when the fastener S3 is fastened causes the upper plate portion 32 of the gable cover 30A to bend slightly inward in the left-right direction. This prevents rainwater from flowing out of the drain outlet 30T toward the gable side, even without providing a significant slope on the top surface of the gable cover 30A. As mentioned above, the worker raises the outer panel bent portion 31A (FIG. 8) of the gable cover 30B in FIG. 10, thereby clamping the outer panel protrusion 31S of the gable cover 30A between the outer panel bent portion 31A and the main body of the outer panel portion 31. In this way, a slope gradient is formed on the top surface of the gable cover 30B when the outer panel bent portion 31A is bent and clamped. The same applies to the front and rear gable covers.

[0051] <Effects during snow accumulation> 11 is a front view illustrating the effect of snow accumulation on the roof material and gable cover. In this embodiment, as described above, the inclined upper end 405S of the upper folded portion 405 of the gable end board 40 is inclined upward toward the outside (gable side) in the left-right direction. The upper gable end board 40B and the end of the roof material 20B are located above the inclined upper end 405S of the lower gable end board 40A.

[0052] In this state, when snow accumulates on the roofing material 20B (roofing material 20), the roofing material 20B deforms by bending downward under the snow load, as shown by the dashed line in FIG. 11 . At this time, the inclined upper end 405S as described above allows the roofing material 20B to deform. As a result, as shown by the pair of arrows in FIG. 11 , the roofing material 20B can stably bear the snow load, increasing its snow load resistance, i.e., the load it can withstand when snow accumulates. Furthermore, the bending of the roofing material 20B allows the gable end board 40B and the gable cover 30B (not shown in FIG. 11 ) on its outer side to bear the snow load in a nearly vertical position, thereby suppressing outward forces acting on the gable cover 30B in the left-right direction. As a result, the gable cover 30B is prevented from detaching from the end of the roofing material 20B due to snow accumulation.

[0053] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the girder backing board 40B is fixed to the roof material 20B by fasteners S2. Also, the girder cover 30B is fixed to the girder base material 16 by fasteners S3. As a result, when snow accumulates, the snow load can be stably supported around the girder, and detachment of the girder cover 30B and the girder backing board 40B is more reliably prevented.

[0054] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, the rear end of the gable cover 30 is pressed down from above by the roof material 20 and the gable discarding board 40, which further prevents the gable cover 30 from coming off.

[0055] On the other hand, in Figure 11, if the inclined upper end 405S were not inclined but extended horizontally in the left-right direction, when the weight of accumulated snow was applied to the roof material 20B (20), the snow would generate a force at the end of the horizontally extending roof material 20B that would try to pull the gable cover 30 toward the gable side. As a result, the gable cover 30 would detach from the roof material 20B and the gable discard board 40B toward the gable side, significantly damaging the appearance of the area around the gable of the building. This embodiment makes it possible to solve this problem.

[0056] In addition, in this embodiment, since the upper plate 32 of the gable cover 30 is not provided with a positive slope under normal use conditions, it is possible to maintain an appearance in which the roof material 20 and the gable cover 30 are continuously connected, and the beauty of the building can be maintained. And even with this structure, it is possible to prevent rainwater from dripping onto the gable side during rainfall, while maintaining snow resistance during snow accumulation and preventing the gable cover 30 from coming off.

[0057] As described above, the gable structure 1 according to this embodiment includes a plurality of roofing materials 20 arranged on the sheathing boards 14 (roof underlayment) of the building, each extending in the left-right direction and arranged side by side in the front-to-back direction so as to slope from the abovewater side to the belowwater side, and a plurality of gable covers 30. Each of the plurality of gable covers 30 has an upper plate portion 32 arranged to overlap one left-to-right end of the plurality of roofing materials 20 from above, an outer plate portion 31 extending downward from the end of the upper plate portion 32 to cover the sheathing boards 14 from the side, and a front wall 33 (underwater wall portion) arranged to close the belowwater end of the corner formed by the upper plate portion 32 and the outer plate portion 31. The multiple girder covers 30 are arranged overlapping each other in the front-to-rear direction so that the front wall 33 of the girder cover 30B (one of the multiple girder covers 30) is placed on the upper plate portion 32 of the girder cover 30A (the other girder cover below the waterline of the one girder cover). The front walls 33 of the multiple girder covers 30 are formed with drainage holes 30T that open below the waterline.

[0058] With this configuration, rainwater that has seeped into the adjacent gable cover 30 from the roof material 20 can be discharged from the drain outlet 30T to the upper plate 32 of the gable cover 30 below the water. As a result, the gable cover 30 can prevent water from seeping into the building and prevent water from dripping onto the gable side.

[0059] In this embodiment, the drain outlet 30T has a shape in which the lower end of the front wall 33 is cut out. With this configuration, the drain outlet 30T is formed so as to include the lower end of the front wall 33, which improves drainage compared to when the drain outlet 30T is opened at a position higher than the lower end, and allows rainwater to easily drain from the upper gable cover 30B to the lower gable cover 30A.

[0060] In this embodiment, the gable cover 30B is further provided with a water-stopping material 60 that is disposed on at least the inner surface of the outer plate portion 31, laterally outboard of the drain outlet 30T, and that is in close contact with the outer surface of the outer plate portion 31 of the gable cover 30A. This configuration prevents rainwater that has infiltrated inside the gable cover 30B from flowing toward the gable side within the gable cover 30B, and allows the rainwater to be stably guided to the drain outlet 30T.

[0061] In this embodiment, the gable structure 1 further includes a plurality of gable slats 40 attached to one end of each of the plurality of roof materials 20. Each of the plurality of gable slats 40 is disposed on the left and right inside of the outer plate portion 31 of the gable cover 30, and has a standing wall 403S extending in the front-to-rear direction. With this configuration, the standing wall 403S prevents rainwater that has seeped into the gable slats 40 from the roof material 20 from dripping down the gable slats 40 to the gable side, and the rainwater can be guided along the standing wall 403S toward the drain outlet 30T.

[0062] In this embodiment, the upper folded portion 405 (rising portion) of the girder discard board 40 is positioned below the upper plate portion 32 of each girder cover 30. The upper folded portion 405 is inclined upward toward the outside in the left-right direction. Therefore, when snow accumulates on the building roof, the snow load presses the girder cover 30 downward, allowing the upper plate portion 32 of the girder cover 30 to deform along the slope of the upper folded portion 405. This allows the girder cover 30 to maintain a posture that stably supports snow at the edge of the roof. As a result, by normally having a shape that follows the roof material 20, the aesthetic appearance of the building roof is maintained while the snow load resistance of the roof can be increased during snowfall. Furthermore, because each girder cover 30 is fixed to the girder base material 16, which constitutes part of the roof base, the girder cover 30 is prevented from detaching even when subjected to the weight of snow. The gable cover 30 may be fixed to the gable board 10, the gable base board 12, the sheathing board 14, etc. Furthermore, because each gable scrap board 40 is fixed to the roof material 20, even if the load of snow acts on the gable scrap board 40 from the gable cover 30, it will be possible for the gable cover 30, in combination with the roof material 20, to stably withstand the load of snow.

[0063] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the base plate portion 401 (base plate main body portion) of each gable throw-out board 40 is inserted between the roof material main body portion of the roof material 20 and the roof material lower folded portion 20S in the left-right direction, so that the gable throw-out board 40 can be easily and stably attached to the roof material 20. Furthermore, by fixing the roof material main body portion of the roof material 20 and the base plate portion 401 with fasteners S2 (first fastening portion) on the eaves side of the gable throw-out board 40, the gable throw-out board 40 can be firmly fixed to the roof material 20.

[0064] In addition, in this embodiment, the upper girder cover 30B can cover the fixed portion (second fastening portion, fastening device S3) of the lower girder cover 30A and the fixed portion (first fastening portion, fastening device S2) of the girder discard board 40B contained therein, thereby maintaining a high level of aesthetic appeal around the girder.

[0065] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the girder cover 30B covers the fasteners S3 of the girder cover 30A and the fasteners S2 of the girder slab 40B, and inside the cover, the upper folded portion 405 of the girder slab 40A, located closer to the ridge than these fasteners, stably supports the girder slab 40B from below. During snowfall, the upper folded portion 405 of the girder slab 40A allows the girder cover 30B to deform. This effectively utilizes the structure of the overlapping portions of the upper and lower sections, maintaining the roof's aesthetic appearance and achieving load-bearing performance during snowfall.

[0066] The above describes the building gable structure 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the following modified embodiments can be adopted.

[0067] (1) Figure 12 is a perspective view of the gable area of a building according to a first modified embodiment of the present invention. In the previous embodiment, the upper plate portion 32 of the gable cover 30 was described as having a flat upper surface. However, in this modified embodiment, as shown in Figure 12, the upper plate portion 32 has a guide portion 32P. The guide portion 32P has the function of guiding rainwater discharged from the drain outlet 30T to the downstream side. In this modified embodiment, the guide portion 32P is formed by a pair of protrusions (protrusions) protruding from the upper plate portion 32. These protrusions are spaced apart in the left-right direction and extend in the front-rear direction. The front end of the guide portion 32P is located near the front end of the gable cover 30. With this configuration, rainwater discharged from the drain outlet 30T can be stably guided to the lower level as shown by the arrow.

[0068] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the gable and its surroundings of a building according to a second modified embodiment of the present invention. In this modified embodiment, the gable cover 30 has a guide portion 32Q. The guide portion 32Q is composed of a protrusion similar to the guide portion 32P, and is inclined so as to move away from the outer plate portion 31 to the left and right inward toward the downstream side. This configuration allows rainwater discharged from the drain outlet 30T to be guided downstream and inward in the left and right directions. This reliably prevents the rainwater from flowing toward the gable side.

[0069] As described above, in these modified embodiments, the upper plate portions 32 of the multiple gable covers 30 are formed with guide portions 32P, 32Q that guide rainwater discharged from the drain outlets 30T to the downstream side. Therefore, the rainwater discharged from the drain outlets 30T is prevented from dripping onto the gable side of the lower gable cover 30A, and the rainwater can be guided to the downstream side.

[0070] In these modified embodiments, the guide portions 32P and 32Q are formed by protrusions protruding from the upper plate portion 32. According to this configuration, by providing the protrusions on the upper plate portion 32, the guide portion 32P can be easily formed.

[0071] In the second modified embodiment, the guide portion 32Q is inclined toward the downstream side so as to move away from the outer plate portion 31 to the left and right inward. This configuration makes it possible to more reliably prevent rainwater discharged from the drain outlet 30T from dripping onto the gable side of the lower gable cover 30A.

[0072] (2) In the above embodiments, the gable cover 30 is attached after the gable board 40 is attached to the end of the roof material 20, but the gable cover 30 may be attached and fixed directly to the end of the roof material 20 without attaching the gable board 40. In this case, rainwater that flows over the top surface of the roof material 20 inside the gable cover 30 should be discharged downstream from the drain outlet 30T.

[0073] The above-described specific embodiments mainly include inventions having the following configurations.

[0074] The roof structure of a building according to the first invention comprises a plurality of roofing materials arranged on the roof underlayment of the building, each of which extends in the left-right direction and is arranged side by side in the front-to-back direction so as to slope from the upper tier to the lower tier; a plurality of base members fixed to one left-to-right end of each of the plurality of roofing materials; and a plurality of cover members arranged side by side in the front-to-back direction, each of which has an upper plate portion arranged to overlap the one end of the plurality of roofing materials from above and a vertical plate portion extending downward from the end of the upper plate portion to cover the roof underlayment from the side, wherein the base members have a raised portion arranged in the upper tier portion and sloping upward outward in the left-to-right direction, and the lower tier portion of a second base member adjacent to the first base member is placed on the raised portion of a first base member of the plurality of base members, and the upper plate portion of the cover member corresponding to the second base member is placed on the lower tier portion, and the plurality of cover members are each fixed to the roof underlayment.

[0075] The second invention is the first invention, wherein the multiple roofing materials have a roofing material main body portion, a lower engagement portion arranged at the lower end of the roofing material main body portion, and an upper engagement portion arranged on the upper side of the roofing material main body portion, the lower engagement portions and the upper engagement portions of adjacent roofing materials are engaged with each other, and each of the multiple base members has a waste board main body portion inserted in the left-right direction between the roofing material main body portion and the lower engagement portion of the roofing material, and it is desirable that the roofing material main body portion and the waste board main body portion are fixed by a first fastening portion on the lower side of one of the base members, thereby fixing the base member to the roofing material.

[0076] A third invention is that, in the second invention, the first cover member corresponding to the first base member is fixed to the roof underlayment by a second fastening portion at the upper end of the vertical board portion, and the second cover member corresponding to the second base member is preferably arranged so as to cover the second fastening portion that fixes the first cover member and the first fastening portion that fixes the first base member.

[0077] A fourth invention is the third invention, wherein, from the lower level to the upper level of the building, the second fastening portion of the first cover member, the first fastening portion of the second base member, and the raised portion of the first base member are desirably arranged in this order. [Explanation of symbols]

[0078] 1. Gable structure (roof structure) 10 Gable 12 Gable base plate 14 Sheathing board (roof underlayment) 16 Gable underlayment (roof underlayment) 20, 20A, 20B roofing materials 20S Lower folded part of roof material (lower engagement part) 20T Upper folded part of roof material (upper engagement part) 30 Gable cover (cover material) 30A gable cover (first cover member) 30B gable cover (second cover member) 30H Fastener fastening part 30T drain outlet 31 Outer panel (vertical panel) 31A Bent outer panel 31B Outer panel fold 31S outer panel protrusion 32 Upper plate 32A Upper plate folded part 32P, 32Q Information Department 33 Front wall (underwater side wall) 33A Front wall bending part 40 Gable scrap board (base material) 40A gable backsplash (first base member) 40B gable scrap board (second base member) 401 Substrate part (main board part) 402 Inner folded part 402F front end of return train 402R Folded rear end 403 Outer folded part 403F front end of return train 403R Folded rear end 404 Lower folded part 405 Upper folded part (rising part) 405S Sloped top end 50 Fixtures 50T fastener hole 60 Water-stopping material K Virtual reference line S1 Fastener S2 Fastening device (first fastening part) S3 Fastening device (second fastening part)

Claims

1. a plurality of roofing materials disposed on a roof substrate of a building, each of which extends in the left-right direction and is arranged side by side in the front-to-rear direction so as to slope from the upper level side to the lower level side; a plurality of base members fixed to one end of each of the plurality of roofing materials in the left-right direction; a plurality of cover members arranged side by side in the front-to-rear direction, each having an upper plate portion arranged to overlap the one end portion of the plurality of roof materials from above, and a vertical plate portion extending downward from the end portion of the upper plate portion to cover the roof foundation from the side; the base member has a rising portion disposed in an upper step portion and inclined upward toward the outside in the left-right direction, A roof structure of a building, in which a lower portion of a second base member adjacent to a first base member among the plurality of base members is placed on the raised portion of the first base member, and the plurality of cover members are each fixed to the roof substrate so that the upper plate portion of the cover member corresponding to the second base member is positioned on top of the lower portion.

2. The plurality of roofing materials have a roofing material main body, a lower engaging portion disposed at a lower end of the roofing material main body, and an upper engaging portion disposed at an upper end of the roofing material main body, and the lower engaging portion and the upper engaging portion of adjacent roofing materials are engaged with each other, Each of the plurality of base members has a backing board main body portion that is inserted along the left-right direction between the roof material main body portion and the lower engagement portion of the roof material, The roof structure of a building as described in claim 1, wherein the base member is fixed to the roof material by fixing the roof material main body portion and the backsplash main body portion with a first fastening portion on the lower side of one of the base members.

3. The first cover member corresponding to the first base member is fixed to the roof substrate at the upper end of the vertical plate portion by a second fastening portion, The roof structure of a building as described in claim 2, wherein a second cover member corresponding to the second base member is arranged to cover the second fastening portion that fixes the first cover member and the first fastening portion that fixes the first base member.

4. The roof structure of a building as described in claim 3, wherein the second fastening portion of the first cover member, the first fastening portion of the second base member, and the raised portion of the first base member are arranged in this order from the lower side to the upper side of the building.

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