Carbon dioxide recovery device

Abstract

To provide a carbon dioxide recovery device that can stop operation of a device or return the stopped operation, while maintaining an adsorbent so that the adsorbent does not deteriorate.SOLUTION: A carbon dioxide recovery device 1 comprises: a first electric power source 41 that supplies electric power for making at least a heat exchanger 80 cool an adsorbent 12; a second electric power source 42 that supplies electric power to at least valves (21, 22, 23 and 24); a backup electric power source 43 that supplies electric power to the valves when power outage occurs on the second electric power source 42, which when power outage occurs on the first electric power source 41, executes pressure holding control of holding inner pressure of a module 11 by controlling the valves using electric power of the second electric power source 42 to prevent atmospheric air from flowing in, to the module 11 depressurized and highly heated in a desorption step, and when power outage occurs on the second electric power source 42, executes pressure holding control of holding inner pressure of the module 11 by controlling the valves using electric power of the backup electric power source 43 to prevent atmospheric air from flowing in, to the module depressurized and highly heated in the desorption step.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide capture device. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, there has been known a technique for preventing damage to the device in an emergency in the technology for recovering a predetermined component from the atmosphere, exhaust gas, etc. Patent Document 1, for example, describes this type of technology.

[0003] Patent Document 1 relates to an exhaust gas treatment system in which exhaust gas discharged from a boiler or the like is introduced into a desulfurization absorption tower via a flue, and after desulfurization in the desulfurization absorption tower, the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside. Patent Document 1 states that in an emergency, air introduction means is used to introduce air into the exhaust gas in the flue to lower the exhaust gas temperature, thereby preventing damage caused by combustion of the exhaust gas. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 8-168637 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In a carbon dioxide capture device, carbon dioxide is captured by carrying out an adsorption process in which a module holding an adsorbent sucks in gases such as air containing carbon dioxide and adsorbs them into the adsorbent, and a desorption process in which the adsorbent is depressurized and heated to desorb the adsorbed carbon dioxide.

[0006] When the adsorbent is exposed to the atmosphere at high temperatures, it oxidizes and its adsorption performance deteriorates. During the desorption process in normal operation, the valve is controlled to isolate the adsorbent from the atmosphere, but in the event of a power outage or malfunction, the valve may open, releasing the adsorbent's isolation from the atmosphere. During the desorption process, the module is in a high-temperature state, and if the atmosphere enters the interior of the module, the adsorbent will deteriorate.

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide capture device that can stop or resume operation of the device while maintaining an adsorbent in an undegraded state. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] (1) The present invention relates to a module (for example, module 11 described later) that has an adsorbent (for example, adsorbent 12 described later) therein and performs an adsorption process of drawing a gas containing carbon dioxide into the adsorbent to adsorb the carbon dioxide, and a desorption process of heating the adsorbent under reduced pressure to desorb the carbon dioxide from the adsorbent; a heat exchanger (for example, heat exchanger 80 described later) that performs heat exchange with the module to cool the adsorbent; valves (for example, first valve 21, second valve 22, third valve 23, and fourth valve 24 described later) that control the inflow and outflow of gas into and from the interior of the module; and a first power source (for example, first power source 21 described later) that supplies power for cooling the adsorbent by at least the heat exchanger. a first power source (for example, second power source 41) that supplies power to at least the valve (for example, second power source 42 described later), and a backup power source (for example, backup power source 43 described later) that supplies power to the valve when the second power source has a power outage, and when the first power source has a power outage, pressure maintenance control is performed to control the valve with power from the second power source to prevent atmospheric air from flowing in and maintain the internal pressure of the module, which has been depressurized and heated in the desorption process, and when the second power source has a power outage, the valve is controlled with power from the backup power source to prevent atmospheric air from flowing in and maintain the internal pressure of the module, which has been depressurized and heated in the desorption process.

[0009] (2) In the carbon dioxide recovery device described in (1) above, when the second power source fails, the valve may be controlled using power from the backup power source 43 to prevent the inflow of atmospheric air and maintain the internal pressure of the module, and the heat exchanger may be controlled using power from the first power source to forcibly cool the module.

[0010] (3) In the carbon dioxide recovery device described in (1) or (2) above, when both the first power source and the second power source fail, the backup power source may control the valve to prevent atmospheric air from entering and maintain the internal pressure of the module.

[0011] (4) The carbon dioxide capture device described in (3) above may further include an inert gas tank (for example, inert gas tank 69 described below) capable of supplying inert gas to the interior of the module, and in the event of a power outage at both the first power source and the second power source, the device may prevent air from flowing into the interior of the module and may supply the inert gas from the inert gas tank to the interior of the module. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a carbon dioxide capture device that can stop or resume operation of the device while maintaining the adsorbent in a state where it is not deteriorated. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration relating to gas flow in a carbon dioxide capture device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration relating to the flow of liquid in the carbon dioxide capture device of the present embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of gas flow in the module of the carbon dioxide capture device of the present embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration regarding the flow of liquid in the module of the carbon dioxide capture device of the present embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a power supply system of the carbon dioxide capture device of the present embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the relationship between the power supply system and modules of the carbon dioxide capture device of the present embodiment. [Figure 7] 4 is a flowchart showing a process flow of operation control according to the power supply status of the carbon dioxide capture device of the present embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0015] <Overall structure> Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration related to gas flow in a carbon dioxide capture device 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration related to liquid flow in the carbon dioxide capture device 1 of this embodiment. Note that the configuration related to liquid flow in the carbon dioxide capture device 1 is omitted in Fig. 1, and the configuration related to gas flow in the carbon dioxide capture device 1 is omitted in Fig. 2.

[0016] The carbon dioxide capture device 1 of this embodiment is applied to, for example, direct air capture (DAC) technology that captures carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in order to reduce the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. The carbon dioxide captured by the carbon dioxide capture device 1 is stored underground or reused as fuel or material.

[0017] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the carbon dioxide capture device 1 of this embodiment includes a module unit 10, a fan 61, a vacuum pump 62, a carbon dioxide capture pump 63, an intercooler 64, a separator 65, a carbon dioxide tank 66, a compressor 67, an inert gas tank 69, a heat exchange device 80, and a control device 90.

[0018] As shown in FIG. 1, the carbon dioxide recovery device 1 includes an adsorption line 101, a vacuum line 102, a carbon dioxide line 103, a circulation line 104, and an inert gas supply line 107 as gas flow paths.

[0019] The module unit 10 is configured by arranging a plurality of modules 11 in parallel that adsorb carbon dioxide. In this embodiment, a total of 16 modules 11 are arranged by a pair of left and right module units 10.

[0020] 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration related to the gas flow in module 11 of carbon dioxide capture device 1 of this embodiment. Module 11 is a carbon dioxide capture module including adsorbent 12, a first valve 21, a second valve 22, a third valve 23, a fourth valve 24, a pressure sensor 25, a carbon dioxide sensor 26, and a temperature sensor 27.

[0021] The adsorbent 12 is disposed inside the module 11 to adsorb carbon dioxide. The adsorbent 12 is a particulate material that has the property of adsorbing carbon dioxide at low temperatures (for example, in the range of -30°C to 50°C) and desorbing (releasing) carbon dioxide at high temperatures (for example, in the range of 50°C to 110°C) when the ambient carbon dioxide concentration is low. Examples of such adsorbent 12 include solid amine carbon dioxide adsorbents formed by supporting amines on porous materials such as silica.

[0022] The first valve 21 is an on-off valve arranged at the connection between the module 11 and a carbon dioxide line 103 that captures carbon dioxide. A carbon dioxide capture pump 63 is arranged in the carbon dioxide line 103. The second valve 22 is an on-off valve arranged at the connection between the module 11 and a vacuum line 102 in which a vacuum pump 62 is arranged. The third valve 23 is an on-off valve arranged at the inlet that takes in air and the like into the module 11. The fourth valve 24 is an on-off valve arranged at the connection between the adsorption line 101 and the module 11.

[0023] The first valve 21, the second valve 22, the third valve 23, and the fourth valve 24 are all controlled to open and close by a control device 90. The first valve 21, the second valve 22, the third valve 23, and the fourth valve 24 are each configured by, for example, a normally open butterfly valve.

[0024] The pressure sensor 25 measures the internal pressure of the module 11. The carbon dioxide sensor 26 measures the carbon dioxide concentration inside the module 11. The temperature sensor 27 measures the temperature of the adsorbent 12. Measurement information from the pressure sensor 25, the carbon dioxide sensor 26, and the temperature sensor 27 is sent to the control device 90.

[0025] Returning to FIG. 1 , the adsorption line 101 and the fan 61 will be described. The adsorption line 101 branches off and is connected to each of the modules 11. The fan 61 is located where the branched portions of the adsorption line 101 converge. When driven, the fan 61 generates a gas flow from "intake" to "exhaust" through the adsorption line 101 to the module 11. This supplies atmospheric air into the module 11. A carbon dioxide concentration sensor 611, a humidity sensor 612, and a temperature sensor 613 are located in the gas exhaust portion of the adsorption line 101, and measure the carbon dioxide, humidity, and temperature exhausted from the adsorption line 101. Measurement information from the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 611, the humidity sensor 612, and the temperature sensor 613 is sent to the control device 90.

[0026] The vacuum line 102 is branched and connected to each of the modules 11. The vacuum pump 62 is disposed at the point where the branched portions of the vacuum line 102 converge. When the vacuum pump 62 is driven, it sucks gas from inside the module 11 through the vacuum line 102, bringing the inside of the module 11 into a vacuum state or close to a vacuum state.

[0027] The carbon dioxide line 103 branches off and is connected to each of the modules 11. At the point where the branched portions of the carbon dioxide line 103 converge, a carbon dioxide capture pump 63, an intercooler 64, a separator 65, and a carbon dioxide tank 66 are arranged.

[0028] The carbon dioxide capture pump 63 applies suction force to send the carbon dioxide flowing through the carbon dioxide line 103 to the carbon dioxide tank 66. A one-way valve 631 is arranged upstream of the carbon dioxide capture pump 63 in the carbon dioxide line 103. This prevents gas from flowing back from the intercooler 64 side to the module 11 side.

[0029] The intercooler 64 is an intermediate cooling device that cools the high-temperature gas containing carbon dioxide recovered from the module 11 and separates it into gas and liquid.

[0030] The water separated into gas and liquid in intercooler 64 is collected in separator 65. Separator 65 is also provided with a first valve 651 and a second valve 652, and first valve 651 opens and closes a passage that connects the gas phase of separator 65 with the atmosphere. Second valve 652 opens and closes a passage that connects the liquid phase of separator 65 with the atmosphere.

[0031] Separator 65 separates carbon dioxide and water from the carbon dioxide-containing gas that has passed through intercooler 64. Separator 65 is provided with a separator first valve 651 and a separator second valve 652. Separator first valve 651 opens and closes a path that communicates with the gas phase part of separator 65. Separator second valve 652 opens and closes a path that communicates with the liquid phase part of separator 65.

[0032] The carbon dioxide tank 66 stores the carbon dioxide recovered through the carbon dioxide line 103. A tank valve 661 is arranged on the carbon dioxide line 103 upstream of the carbon dioxide tank 66. The tank valve 661 is controlled to open and close by the control device 90. In addition, various sensors such as a pressure sensor 662, a flow rate sensor 663, a humidity sensor 664, a temperature sensor 665, and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor 666 are arranged on the carbon dioxide line 103 between the tank valve 661 and the carbon dioxide tank 66.

[0033] In addition to the carbon dioxide line 103, a circulation line 104 that returns ballast to the carbon dioxide capture pump 63 is connected to the carbon dioxide tank 66. A flow rate sensor 667 is disposed in the circulation line 104. In addition, the carbon dioxide tank 66 is provided with a pressure release valve 668 that releases pressure when the pressure reaches or exceeds a predetermined value.

[0034] Next, the inert gas tank 69 will be described. The inert gas tank 69 stores N2 as an inert gas supplied from an N2 gas cylinder 691 at a certain pressure or higher (for example, 980 kPa). A gas cylinder valve 692 is arranged between the inert gas tank 69 and the N2 gas cylinder 691. Also, the inert gas tank 69 is arranged with a pressure release valve 693 that releases the pressure when the pressure reaches a predetermined pressure or higher. A pressure sensor 694 is arranged inside the inert gas tank 69. Pressure information measured by the pressure sensor 694 is sent to the control device 90.

[0035] The inert gas tank 69 is connected to the carbon dioxide line 103 via an inert gas supply line 107. An inert gas valve 695 is disposed on the inert gas supply line 107. The inert gas valve 695 is controlled to open and close by the control device 90.

[0036] The heat exchanger 80 will be described with reference to Fig. 2. The heat exchanger 80 supplies thermal energy for heating the interior of each module 11 of the module unit 10 to a predetermined temperature when the module 11 performs the desorption step. The heat exchanger 80 also recovers unnecessary thermal energy when the module 11 performs the adsorption step.

[0037] The heat exchange device 80 of this embodiment includes a heat exchanger 81 , a cold water tank 82 , a cold water line 111 , a hot water tank 83 , a hot water line 112 , a three-way valve 30 , a bypass path 31 , and a bypass valve 32 .

[0038] The heat exchanger 81 exchanges heat between the heat medium flowing in the cold water line 111 and the heat medium flowing in the hot water line 112. The heat exchanger 81 is, for example, a heat pump. The heat medium is, for example, a liquid such as water. Due to the heat transfer that occurs in the heat exchanger 81, the heat medium flowing in the cold water line 111 is cooled and the heat medium flowing in the hot water line 112 is heated.

[0039] The cold water tank 82 stores the heat medium flowing through the cold water line 111. The heat medium flowing through the cold water line 111 is stored in the cold water tank 82 and then sent to the heat exchanger 81. The heat medium cooled in the heat exchanger 81 is returned to the cold water tank 82 and then sent to each module 11 through the cold water line 111. A heat exchanger circulating water pump 821 is arranged between the cold water tank 82 and the heat exchanger 81 on the cold water line 111. When the heat exchanger circulating water pump 821 is driven, the heat medium flowing through the cold water line 111 circulates between the cold water tank 82 and the heat exchanger 81.

[0040] The chilled water line 111 branches off and is connected to the upstream and downstream sides of each module 11, connecting the chilled water tank 82 to each module 11. A first chilled water circulation water pump 822 and a second chilled water circulation water pump 823 are disposed on the chilled water line 111 between the chilled water tank 82 and each module 11. A circulation line 824 is disposed on the chilled water line 111, returning from the downstream side of the second chilled water circulation water pump 823 to the upstream side. A circulation valve 825 is disposed on this circulation line 824.

[0041] A temperature sensor 826 and a flow rate sensor 827 are arranged downstream of the circulation valve 825 in the chilled water line 111. In addition, a temperature sensor 828 is arranged near the portion of the chilled water line 111 where the heat medium is returned to the chilled water tank 82. The temperature sensor 828 measures the temperature of the heat medium that circulates through the chilled water line 111 and before returning to the chilled water tank 82. Measurement information from the temperature sensor 826, the flow rate sensor 827, and the temperature sensor 828 is sent to the control device 90.

[0042] The hot water tank 83 stores the heat medium flowing through the hot water line 112. The heat medium flowing through the hot water line 112 is stored in the hot water tank 83 and then sent to the heat exchanger 81. The heat medium heated in the heat exchanger 81 is returned to the hot water tank 83 and then sent to each module 11 through the hot water line 112. A heat exchanger circulating water pump 831 is arranged between the hot water tank 83 and the heat exchanger 81 on the hot water line 112. When the heat exchanger circulating water pump 831 is driven, the heat medium flowing through the hot water line 112 circulates between the hot water tank 83 and the heat exchanger 81.

[0043] The hot water line 112 branches off and is connected to the upstream and downstream sides of each module 11, connecting the hot water tank 83 to each module 11. A first hot water circulation water pump 832 and a second hot water circulation water pump 833 are disposed in the hot water line 112 between the hot water tank 83 and each module 11. A circulation line 834 is disposed in the hot water line 112, returning from the downstream side of the second hot water circulation water pump 833 to the upstream side. A circulation valve 835 is disposed in this circulation line 834.

[0044] A temperature sensor 836 and a flow rate sensor 837 are arranged downstream of the circulation valve 835 in the hot water line 112. In addition, a temperature sensor 838 is arranged near a portion of the hot water line 112 where the heat medium is returned to the hot water tank 83. The temperature sensor 838 measures the temperature of the heat medium that circulates through the hot water line 112 and before returning to the hot water tank 83. Measurement information from the temperature sensor 836, the flow rate sensor 837, and the temperature sensor 838 is sent to the control device 90.

[0045] The three-way valve 30 is connected to the cold water line 111, the hot water line 112, and the module 11. The three-way valve 30 is disposed on each of the upstream and downstream sides of the module 11. The three-way valve 30 is configured to be switchable among a cold water connection state in which the cold water line 111 is connected to the module 11, a hot water connection state in which the hot water line 112 is connected to the module 11, and a disconnection state in which the connection between the cold water line 111 and the hot water line 112 and the module 11 is cut off.

[0046] The flow path switching of the three-way valve 30 is controlled by the control device 90. The heat medium is introduced into the module 11 through the three-way valve 30 arranged on the upstream side, and the heat medium is returned to the heat exchanger 81 side through the three-way valve 30 arranged on the downstream side.

[0047] The bypass path 31 is a flow path that enables the movement of the heat medium between the modules 11. The bypass path 31 connects two modules 11. The modules 11 connected by the bypass path 31 may be adjacent modules, or may be non-adjacent modules 11 located at a distance.

[0048] The bypass valve 32 is disposed in the bypass path 31. The bypass valve 32 is disposed in each of the plurality of bypass paths 31. The bypass valve 32 is controlled to open and close by the control device 90.

[0049] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration related to the flow of liquid in module 11 of carbon dioxide capture device 1 of this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 4, module 11 includes an inlet-side flow path 33 connected to an inlet through which the heat medium flows in, and an outlet-side flow path 34 connected to an outlet through which the heat medium flows out.

[0050] The bypass path 31 is connected to an outlet-side flow path 34 of a module 11 and is also connected to an inlet-side flow path 33 of another module 11. A three-way valve 30 is disposed at the upstream end of the inlet-side flow path 33, and another three-way valve 30 is disposed at the downstream end of the outlet-side flow path 34.

[0051] A temperature sensor 35 is disposed in the inlet-side flow path 33. A temperature sensor 36 and a flow rate sensor 37 are disposed in the outlet-side flow path 34. Measurement information from the temperature sensor 35, the temperature sensor 36, and the flow rate sensor 37 is transmitted to the control device 90.

[0052] Next, the control device 90 will be described. The control device 90 controls the operation of each part of the carbon dioxide capture device 1. The control device 90 controls the operation of devices used for adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide, such as driving and stopping. The control device 90 controls the opening and closing of the first valve 21, second valve 22, third valve 23, and fourth valve 24 provided in each module 11, the opening and closing of each bypass valve 32, and the opening and closing of the separator first valve 651, separator second valve 652, tank valve 661, and inert gas valve 695. The control device 90 also controls the driving of the fan 61, vacuum pump 62, and carbon dioxide capture pump 63, and the opening and closing of the circulation valve 825 and circulation valve 835. Furthermore, the control device 90 controls the drive of a water pump 821 for circulating heat exchanger, a water pump 822 for circulating first cold water, a water pump 823 for circulating second cold water, a water pump 831 for circulating heat exchanger, a water pump 832 for circulating first hot water, a water pump 833 for circulating second hot water, etc.

[0053] The control device 90 is, for example, a computer having a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. The control device 90 may be configured as one device or as multiple devices.

[0054] <Carbon dioxide capture> Next, we will explain the control for capturing carbon dioxide by the control device 90. The carbon dioxide capture device 1 alternately performs an adsorption process in which the adsorbent 12 in the module 11 adsorbs carbon dioxide in gases such as the air that has been taken in, and a desorption process in which the carbon dioxide adsorbed by the adsorbent 12 is desorbed, and stores the desorbed carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide tank 66, thereby removing and capturing carbon dioxide from the air.

[0055] The adsorption process is a process in which carbon dioxide is adsorbed by the adsorbent 12 in the module 11. In the adsorption process, the third valve 23 and the fourth valve 24 of the module 11 are opened, and the first valve 21 and the second valve 22 are closed. The fan 61 is driven to generate a gas flow from upstream to downstream, and a gas containing carbon dioxide (e.g., the atmosphere) is drawn in through the third valve 23. The drawn in gas passes through the adsorbent 12 in the module 11. At this time, the temperature inside the module 11 is room temperature (25°C), and the carbon dioxide in the gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent 12. Gases other than carbon dioxide, such as nitrogen and oxygen, are exhausted to the outside of the carbon dioxide capture device 1 through the fourth valve 24 and the adsorption line 101.

[0056] The desorption process is a process of desorbing carbon dioxide from the adsorbent 12 in the module 11. In the desorption process, the first valve 21, the third valve 23, and the fourth valve 24 of the module 11 are closed, and the second valve 22 is opened. The vacuum pump 62 is operated to draw air into the interior of the module 11 and reduce the pressure to create a vacuum or near-vacuum state. At the same time, the heat exchanger 80 causes a heat medium, which serves as a heat source, to flow through the module 11 to supply thermal energy and raise the temperature of the adsorbent 12 in the module 11. By controlling the temperature rise of the adsorbent 12, the adsorbent 12 is also heated to a predetermined temperature (e.g., 80°C) sufficient for the desorption process, and the carbon dioxide adsorbed in the adsorbent 12 is desorbed. Next, the second valve 22, the third valve 23, and the fourth valve 24 are closed, the first valve 21 is opened, and the carbon dioxide capture pump 63 is driven. The carbon dioxide desorbed through the carbon dioxide line 103 is stored in the carbon dioxide tank 66. In this embodiment, each step is controlled so that 12 of the 16 modules 11 perform the adsorption step and the remaining 4 perform the desorption step.

[0057] <Power system> Next, a power supply system that supplies power to each component of the carbon dioxide capture device 1 will be described with reference to Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the power supply system of the carbon dioxide capture device 1 of this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 5, the carbon dioxide capture device 1 includes a first power supply 41 and a second power supply 42 that supply power to various devices.

[0058] The first power supply 41 is a 200V power supply that supplies power to various devices including components for realizing a forced cooling function in an emergency. The devices to which power is supplied by the first power supply 41 include, for example, a fan 61, a vacuum pump 62, a carbon dioxide capture pump 63, a heat exchanger 81, a heat exchanger circulation water pump 821, a first cold water circulation water pump 822, a second cold water circulation water pump 823, a heat exchanger circulation water pump 831, a first hot water circulation water pump 832, and a second hot water circulation water pump 833.

[0059] Of the devices to which power is supplied by the first power source 41, the second chilled water circulation water pump 823 is a device that realizes a forced cooling function that performs forced cooling in an emergency. Note that the device that performs forced cooling in an emergency is not limited to the second chilled water circulation water pump 823. Devices that perform forced cooling in an emergency may include the heat exchanger circulation water pump 821, the first chilled water circulation water pump 822, etc., in addition to the second chilled water circulation water pump 823.

[0060] The second power supply 42 is a 100V, 24V, or 12V power supply that supplies power to various devices including components for realizing a pressure maintenance function in an emergency. The devices to which power is supplied by the second power supply 42 include, for example, various valves such as the first valve 21, the second valve 22, the third valve 23, the fourth valve 24, the inert gas valve 695, the three-way valve 30, the one-way valve 631, and the bypass valve 32, as well as various measuring devices and sensors such as the pressure sensor 25, the temperature sensor 27, the temperature sensor 35, the temperature sensor 36, and the flow rate sensor 37.

[0061] Of the devices to which power is supplied by the second power supply 42, the first valve 21, the second valve 22, the third valve 23, the fourth valve 24, the pressure sensor 25, the temperature sensor 27, the temperature sensor 35, the temperature sensor 36, the flow rate sensor 37, and the inert gas valve 695 are devices that realize a pressure maintaining function to maintain the internal pressure of the module 11 in an emergency. Note that the devices that realize the pressure maintaining function in an emergency are not limited to the first valve 21, the second valve 22, the third valve 23, the fourth valve 24, the pressure sensor 25, the temperature sensor 27, the temperature sensor 35, the temperature sensor 36, the flow rate sensor 37, and the inert gas valve 695. The devices that realize the pressure maintaining function may include other components.

[0062] In an emergency, the equipment powered by the second power supply 42 is supplied with power from the backup power supply 43.

[0063] In the example shown in FIG. 5, the power supplies are divided into two groups: a 200V power supply corresponding to the first power supply 41, which includes equipment that realizes the forced cooling function, and a 100V power supply, a 24V power supply, and a 12V power supply corresponding to the second power supply 42, which includes equipment that realizes the pressure maintenance function. In this embodiment, the equipment powered by the 200V power supply also includes a carbon dioxide capture pump, a fan, and other devices that are not directly related to the equipment that realizes the forced cooling function. At least one of the water pumps in the figure is included in the equipment that realizes the forced cooling function. Similarly, the equipment powered by the 100V, 24V, and 12V power supplies also includes a three-way valve, a one-way valve, a radiator fan, and other devices that are not directly related to the equipment that realizes the pressure maintenance function. Some or all of the air valve closing and air valve opening functions are included in the equipment that realizes the pressure maintenance function. Because the equipment is divided into the first and second groups, the backup power supply 43 that serves the second group can also have a smaller required power capacity than if it also serves as a backup for the first group.

[0064] Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram showing the relationship between the power supply system of the carbon dioxide capture device 1 of this embodiment and the module 11. As shown in Fig. 6, a backup power supply 43 is connected to the power system that supplies power from a second power supply 42.

[0065] The second power supply 42, which is a 100V power supply, supplies power to a 24V power supply 421 and a 12V power supply 422. The 24V power supply 421 transforms the power from the second power supply 42 and supplies it to the main terminal block 51, and the 12V power supply 422 transforms the power from the second power supply 42 and supplies it to the main terminal block 51.

[0066] The main terminal block 51 is connected to a main ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 52. The main ECU 52 is connected to sub-ECUs 53 of each module 11 via a CAN (Controller Area Network), and is also connected to an RCP (Rapid Control Prototyping) 54. A relay box 55 and a device sensor 56 are also connected to the main ECU 52. The relay box 55 incorporates power supply terminals connected to the power supply terminals of the main terminal block 51, connection terminals for signal lines connected to the device sensors 56, and the like. The device sensors 56 are various sensors related to the forced cooling function.

[0067] The sub-ECU 53 of the module 11 controls an equipment module 57 that realizes a pressure maintaining function based on a control signal from the main ECU 52. The equipment module 57 includes a first valve 21, a second valve 22, a third valve 23, a fourth valve 24, etc. A device sensor 58 that measures the pressure, temperature, etc. of the module 11 is connected to the sub-ECU 53, and a relay box 59 is also connected to the sub-ECU 53. The relay box 59 receives power from a 24V power supply 421 and a 12V power supply 422 via the main terminal block 51, and is also connected to the device sensor 58. The relationship between the power supply system of the carbon dioxide capture device 1 and the module 11 has been described above with reference to FIG. 6.

[0068] In this embodiment, in order to prevent deterioration of the adsorbent 12 inside the module 11 during a power outage, inert gas filling control, pressure maintenance control, and forced cooling control are executed depending on the power loss situation. Next, each control executed depending on the power loss situation will be described.

[0069] <Inert gas filling control> The inert gas filling control is realized by a pressure maintaining function that utilizes the power of the backup power supply 43. In the following explanation, it is assumed that the inside of the module 11 during the desorption process under normal control is at a negative pressure due to the decompression of the vacuum pump 62, and that the temperature of the adsorbent 12 is maintained at a certain high temperature or higher by the heat exchanger 80. Furthermore, during normal operation, the first valve 21, the tank valve 661, the separator first valve 651, and the separator second valve 652 are controlled to an open or closed state depending on the operating conditions. It is assumed that the inert gas valve 695 is controlled to a closed state, and the internal pressure of the inert gas tank 69 is maintained at a certain level or higher.

[0070] In the inert gas filling control, first, the control device 90 controls to close all of the tank valve 661, the separator first valve 651, and the separator second valve 652. The carbon dioxide line 103 is closed on the upstream side of the carbon dioxide tank 66.

[0071] Next, the control device 90 controls each valve of the module 11 that was the control target during the desorption process. In this embodiment, the control device 90 maintains the fourth valve 24 of the adsorption line 101 in a closed state, and controls the second valve 22 of the vacuum line 102 and the third valve 23 that communicates with the atmosphere to a closed state. Furthermore, the control device 90 controls the inert gas valve 695 of the inert gas supply line 107 to an open state. This allows the inert gas tank 69 and the carbon dioxide line 103 to communicate with each other.

[0072] Next, the control device 90 controls the first valve 21 of the carbon dioxide line 103 of the module 11 to be controlled to an open state, thereby opening the carbon dioxide line 103. Since the inside of the inert gas tank 69 is maintained at a certain pressure or higher, N2 as an inert gas flows into the inside of the module 11, which is in a vacuum state or a near-vacuum state, through the inert gas supply line 107 and the carbon dioxide line 103. As a result, the inside of the module 11 is filled with inert gas.

[0073] <Pressure maintenance control> The pressure maintenance control is realized by a pressure maintenance function that utilizes the power of the second power supply 42 or the backup power supply 43. The control device 90 controls the first valve 21, the second valve 22, the third valve 23, and the fourth valve 24 of the module 11 under control that was performing the desorption process to be closed. This maintains the internal pressure of the module 11.

[0074] <Forced cooling control> Next, the forced cooling control will be described. The forced cooling control is control realized by a forced cooling function that uses the power of the first power source 41. In the forced cooling control, the control device 90 controls the three-way valve 30 disposed at the upstream end of the inlet-side flow path 33 of the module 11 that was undergoing the desorption process to connect the cold water line 111 to the inlet-side flow path 33, and also controls the three-way valve 30 disposed at the downstream end of the outlet-side flow path 34 to connect the cold water line 111 to the outlet-side flow path 34.

[0075] The control device 90 drives the second chilled water circulation water pump 823 to drive the pump that sends the heat medium flowing in the chilled water line 111 to the target module 11. In addition to the second chilled water circulation water pump 823, the pump may also drive the heat exchanger circulation water pump 821, the first chilled water circulation water pump 822, etc. By driving the pump, the heat medium for cooling is sent from the chilled water tank 82 through the chilled water line 111 to the module 11.

[0076] <Operation control according to power supply conditions> Next, operation control of the carbon dioxide capture device 1 according to the power supply status will be described with reference to Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing the processing flow of operation control according to the power supply status of the carbon dioxide capture device 1 of this embodiment.

[0077] In step S1, the control device 90 determines whether or not all power sources have been lost. If all power sources have been lost, the carbon dioxide capture device 1 has lost its pressure maintenance function and forced cooling function. If all power sources, namely the 200 V first power source 41 and the 100 V, 24 V, and 12 V second power sources 42, have been lost, the process proceeds to step S2 (step S1; Yes) to deal with the situation where the pressure maintenance function and forced cooling function have been lost.

[0078] In step S2, the backup power supply 43 is started up. When the backup power supply 43 is started up, power is supplied to various devices connected to the power supply system that has been receiving power from the second power supply 42. The various devices connected to the power supply system of the second power supply 42 include the inert gas valve 695 that realizes a pressure maintenance function, and the first valve 21, second valve 22, third valve 23, and fourth valve 24 of the module 11.

[0079] In step S3, the control device 90 executes inert gas filling control using the pressure maintaining function enabled by the activation of the backup power supply 43. By the inert gas filling control, inert gas is introduced into the interior of the module 11 where the desorption process was being performed. In the example of FIG. 1, the interior of the four upper left modules 11 is filled with inert gas. The processing of step S3 continues, for example, until it is determined that the internal temperature of the module 11 is below a certain level or that the inert gas is sufficiently filled. After the processing of step S3, the processing returns to step S1.

[0080] Next, a description will be given of a case where it is determined in step S1 that all of the 200 V first power supply 41 and the 100 V, 24 V, and 12 V second power supplies 42 have not been lost. If it is determined that all of the power supplies have not been lost, the process proceeds to step S4 (step S1; No).

[0081] In step S4, the control device 90 determines whether the first power source 41 has stopped. If the first power source 41 has stopped, the forced cooling function has been lost. If the first power source 41 has been lost, the process proceeds to step S5.

[0082] In step S5, the control device 90 performs pressure maintenance control on the module 11 that was undergoing the desorption process using power from the second power supply 42 that is not stopped. Through pressure maintenance control, the internal pressure of the target module 11 is maintained and the module 11 is allowed to cool naturally. Natural cooling is continued, for example, by referring to the measurement information of the temperature sensor 27, until the internal temperature of the module 11 falls below a certain level. Because the second power supply 42 is operating, the pressure maintenance state can be maintained even if natural cooling takes time, unlike when power is supplied to each valve by the backup power supply 43. After processing in step S5, the process returns to step S1.

[0083] Next, a case where the first power source 41 has not stopped in step S4 will be described. If the first power source 41 has not stopped, the process proceeds to step S6. In step S6, the control device 90 determines whether or not the power sources other than the first power source 41 (the second power sources of 100V, 24V, and 12V) have stopped.

[0084] If the power sources other than the first power source 41 are stopped, the control device 90 proceeds to step S7, where it starts up the backup power source 43. After starting up the backup power source 43 in step S7, the control device 90 proceeds to step S8.

[0085] In step S8, the control device 90 performs pressure maintenance control on the target module 11 using the power supplied by the backup power supply 43, and also performs forced cooling control using the power of the first power supply 41 that is not stopped. This process is performed, for example, by referring to the measurement information of the temperature sensor 27, until the internal temperature falls below a certain level. The targets for cooling under the forced cooling control are the four modules 11 at the top left in FIG. 3. After the process of step S8, the process returns to step S1.

[0086] If the power sources other than the first power source 41 have not stopped (step S6; No), the control device 90 determines that all power sources are supplying power without any problems, and proceeds to step S9, where normal operation is performed. In normal operation, control for recovering carbon dioxide is executed as described above. After performing the process of step S9, the process returns to step S1.

[0087] As described above, the carbon dioxide recovery device 1 of this embodiment includes a module 11 having an adsorbent 12 therein, and performing an adsorption process in which a gas containing carbon dioxide is drawn into the adsorbent 12 to adsorb the carbon dioxide, and a desorption process in which the adsorbent 12 is heated under a reduced pressure around the adsorbent 12 to desorb the carbon dioxide from the adsorbent 12; a heat exchanger 80 that performs heat exchange with the module 11 to cool the adsorbent 12; valves (a first valve 21, a second valve 22, a third valve 23, and a fourth valve 24) for controlling the inflow and outflow of gas into the module 11; The system includes a first power source 41 that supplies power to cool the adsorbent 12 by the desorption process, a second power source 42 that supplies power to at least the valve, and a backup power source 43 that supplies power to the valve when the second power source 42 has a power outage.When the first power source 41 has a power outage, pressure maintenance control is performed to control the valve using power from the second power source 42 to maintain the internal pressure of the module 11, which has been depressurized and heated in the desorption process, and when the second power source 42 has a power outage, the valve is controlled using power from the backup power source 43 to maintain the internal pressure of the module 11, which has been depressurized and heated in the desorption process.

[0088] As a result, even if a power outage occurs, the internal pressure of module 11 is maintained, preventing atmospheric air from entering module 11 and preventing the adsorbent 12 from coming into contact with the atmosphere while still at a high temperature, resulting in oxidation and deterioration. Because the adsorbent 12 is also cooled naturally, the adsorbent 12 will not deteriorate even if the supply of power from backup power supply 43 is stopped over time. Furthermore, the capacity of backup power supply 43 only needs to correspond to the capacity of second power supply 42, so the capacity required for backup power supply 43 can be reduced.

[0089] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the second power supply 42 experiences a power outage, the valve is controlled using power from the backup power supply 43 to prevent the inflow of atmospheric air and maintain the internal pressure of the module 11, and the heat exchanger 80 is controlled to forcibly cool the module 11. This allows the adsorbent 12 to be cooled quickly by the forced cooling, more reliably preventing deterioration of the adsorbent 12. Furthermore, the time required to maintain the internal pressure of the module 11 using power from the backup power supply 43 can be shortened.

[0090] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when both the first power source 41 and the second power source 42 fail, the backup power source 43 controls the valve to prevent the inflow of air and maintain the internal pressure of the module 11. This makes it possible to prevent deterioration of the adsorbent 12 through natural cooling while the internal pressure of the module 11 is maintained by the power of the backup power source 43.

[0091] Furthermore, in this embodiment, an inert gas tank 69 capable of supplying inert gas to the interior of the module 11 is further provided, and in the event of a power outage at both the first power source 41 and the second power source 42, air is prevented from flowing into the interior of the module 11, and inert gas is supplied from the inert gas tank 69 to the interior of the module 11. This makes it possible to shorten the cooling time by introducing inert gas. Furthermore, since the adsorbent 12 is surrounded by inert gas, it is possible to more reliably prevent the adsorbent 12 from coming into contact with the air while still in a high temperature, resulting in oxidation and deterioration.

[0092] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications. Furthermore, the effects described in the above embodiments are merely preferred effects, and the present invention is not limited to those described in the above embodiments. [Explanation of symbols]

[0093] 1. Carbon dioxide capture device 11 Modules 12 Adsorbent 21 First valve 22 Second valve 23 Third valve 24 4th valve 41 1st power supply 42 2nd power supply 43 Backup power supply 69 Inert Gas Tank 80 Heat exchange equipment

Claims

1. a module having an adsorbent therein, which performs an adsorption step of drawing a gas containing carbon dioxide into the adsorbent to adsorb the carbon dioxide, and a desorption step of heating the adsorbent under a reduced pressure around the adsorbent to desorb the carbon dioxide from the adsorbent; a heat exchanger that performs heat exchange with the module to cool the adsorbent; a valve for controlling the flow of gas into and out of the interior of the module; a first power source that supplies power for cooling the adsorbent by at least the heat exchange device; a second power source that supplies power to at least the valve; a backup power supply that supplies power to the valve when the second power supply fails; Equipped with When the first power supply is out of service, a pressure maintenance control is performed to maintain the internal pressure of the module, which has been depressurized and heated in the desorption process, by controlling the valve using power from the second power supply to prevent the inflow of atmospheric air, and When the second power supply fails, the valve is controlled by the power of the backup power supply to prevent the inflow of atmospheric air into the module, which has been depressurized and heated in the desorption process, thereby maintaining the internal pressure of the module. Carbon dioxide capture equipment.

2. When the second power supply fails, the valve is controlled by the power of the backup power supply to prevent the inflow of atmospheric air and maintain the internal pressure of the module, and the heat exchanger is controlled by the power of the first power supply to forcibly cool the module. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 1 .

3. When both the first power source and the second power source fail, the backup power source controls the valve to prevent the inflow of atmospheric air and maintain the internal pressure of the module. The carbon dioxide recovery device according to claim 1 or 2.

4. further comprising an inert gas tank capable of supplying an inert gas to the interior of the module; When both the first power source and the second power source fail, the inert gas is supplied from the inert gas tank to the inside of the module while preventing air from flowing into the inside of the module. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 3 .

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